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2010年4月山东省自考英语（二）真题试卷(总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Vocabulary and Structrue(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The incomes of skilled workers went up. ______, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall. （分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.Meanwhile √D.Otherwise解析：解析：本题考查副词辨析。
技术熟练工人的收入增加，与此同时，非熟练工人的收入下降。
注意Meanwhile基本意义为“与此同时”，但有时含与前面所述之事对比甚至意义转折的意思。
2.There is a great deal of evidence______that music activities engage different parts of the brain. （分数：2.00）A.indicateB.indicating √C.to indicateD.to be indicating解析：解析：本题考查动词形式。
有大量证据表明音乐活动让大脑的不同部分都参与进来。
AD项错误；关键是BC项即现在分词和不定式做后置定语时的差异。
现在分词表示主动的、正在发生的动作，而不定式表示将要发生的动作。
从句意看，大量证据已经证明音乐活动和大脑的关系，所以应选B。
3.Over the past decades, sea ice______in the Arctic as a result of global warming.（分数：2.00）A.had decreased √B.more thanC.attachD.apply解析：解析：本题考查词义。
在过去的十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海上浮冰已经减少了。
但应注意，由于没有时间比较，正确选项A的时态，改为现在完成时has decreased更好。
全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题I.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将所选答案的字母写在答题纸相应的位置上。
（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. I didn‘t see Jack at the meeting yesterday afternoon. He ______ it.A. mustn‘t attendB. can‘t attendC. mustn‘t have attendedD. can‘t have attended2. It is essential that this application form ______ as soon as possible.A. being returnedB. be returnedC. to be returnedD. will be returned3. You ______ quit your job until you find another one.A. had better notB. had better not toC. had not betterD. had not better to4. There are more than sixty proposals ______ at the conference.A. discussingB. been discussedC. to discussD. to be discussed5. ______ for their help，we couldn‘t have finished the task ahead of time.A. If it were notB. Hadn‘t it beenC. Had it not beenD. If it was not6. The room needs _____， but it will have to wait until Tuesday.A. cleaningB. cleanedC. to cleanD. being cleaned7. Thank you， Mr. President. I‘m very happy to ______ a chance to visit your college.A. being givenB. be givenC. giveD. have given8. Two days ago he came back from the village ______ his father had lived.A. thereB. thatC. whereD. which9. Scarcely ______ the house ______ it began to rain heavily.A. did he leave， thanB. he left， thanC. had he left， whenD. he had left， when10. I didn‘t go to our class get-together last weekend，but I do wish I ______ there.A. wasB. will beC. wereD. had been11. His visit to London last spring is ______ as a great success.A. looked intoB. looked toC. looked overD. looked upon12. You will complete your project more easily if you take ______ of all the facilities here.A. privilegeB. advantageC. chanceD. care13. Seventy guests had been invited to the party， but only fifty ______.A. turned aroundB. showed upC. turned outD. showed off14. All we can do is to hope this chemical plant will take ______ to reduce air pollution.A. measuresC. positionsD. methods15. She was just too busy yesterday， ______ she would surely have gone there with you.A. howeverB. forC. thereforeD. otherwise16. He found it hard to concentrate on his writing ______ so many people around.A. whenB. duringC. becauseD. with17. When she was five，the girl‘s father decided to ______ a pianist of her.A. developB. buildC. make18. ______ automobile pollution， the air quality in this city has become worse.A. As a result ofB. In spite ofC. But forD. As for19. Her friends did not expect her to ______ all their suggestions.A. turn downB. turn overC. take offD. take away20. The motor isn‘t ______ enough to push the car up the hill.A. toughB. powerfulC. strongD. bigII.阅读理解。
2010年4月全国自考英语（二）真题一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five______stages.A.moderateB.initialC.distinctD.advanced答案：C2.The student_____described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town.A.artificiallyB.vividlyC.criticallyD.viciously答案：B3.What her grandfather said left a_____impression on her mind.She still remembersIt.A.finalB.vagueC.deepD.main答案：C4.By the end of next year the bridge _____.A.is to completeB.has been completedC.will be completingD.will have been completed答案：D5.We have greatly _____the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A.stimulatedB.perceivedC.obscuredD.simplified答案：D6.We should_____this in mind:Dont judge a person by his appearance.A.bearB.putC.placeD.print答案：A7.Even after decades of _____，the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A.separationB.cooperationC.correspondencemunication答案：A8.The spokesman occasionally_____his speech with gestures.A.acknowledgesB.accompaniesC.attributesD.anticipates答案：B9.In order to follow fashions，the girl has to_____great discomforts.A.catch up withB.put up withC.keep up withD.fall in with答案：B10.There is something wrong with my mobile phone.I must have it_____.A.repairB.to repairC.repairingD.repaired答案：D二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
2010-2023历年福建漳浦三中、漳浦四中高一上第二次英语试卷（带解析）第1卷一.参考题库(共20题)1.He refused to ___ to the terrible weather only at the last moment because he had no choice.A．give upB．give inC．give awayD．give off2.Joe Bloggs always had a cigarette on his lips. He smoked while he read, while he watched TV, and while he drank a cup of coffee. He smoked forty cigarettes a day, but he was happy.Joe’s friend, Fred Brown, said to him, “It is very bad to smoke”. When Joe heard this , he started to worry and became so thin that he went to Fred for help.Fred said , “You must eat more”. O Joe did not smoke , but he ate chocolate , and he became very fat. Again he went to Fred for help.Fred said , “ You must not eat chocolate”. So Joe stopped eating chocolate , but he we nt back to smoking cigarettes. He became thin again but he was not happy, because he still smoked.Sometimes Joe Bloggs wished Fred Brown was not his friend!【小题1】When Joe became thin the first time it was because_____.A．he smoked too muchB．he worried too muchC．he stopped smokingD．he ate too little【小题2】The following sentences tell what happened to Joe.Which is the right order of the events?a.He did not smoke , he ate chocolate , he was fat, he was unhappy.b.He smoked , he did not eat chocolate, he was thin , he was unhappy.c.He smoked , he did not eat chocolate , he was not fat , he was happyA．a, b, cB．c, b, aC．b, a, cD．c, a, b【小题3】In the end Joe was unhappy about his friendship with Fred because___ A．Fred had given him the wrong advice on purpose.B．he never liked being told what to doC．he in fact had never really understood what Fred meantD．Fred’s advice had brought him much trouble【小题4】What is the writer trying to tell us with this story?A．Chocolate is bad for one’s health.B．One should ask friends for help and adviceC．Smoking is bad for one’s healthD．One should think and decide for oneself3.It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A．whichB．itC．thatD．this4.care, graduate, laugh, persuade, purpose, ruin, concern, bury , frighten, tire, attitude, set, determine, shock, suffer, come, judge , prefer【小题1】Several suggestions ____ up at the meeting.【小题2】We were _____ about his health, while he was _____ in his work.【小题3】He _____ down what he sees in the zoo every day.【小题4】When we heard the interesting story, we all burst into _______.【小题5】What is your ______ towards the plan ?【小题6】My sister doesn’t _____ about the details.【小题7】_____ from what he said, he is probably not an honest man.【小题8】She gave me a ______ look----the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind.【小题9】After ___ from the college, he ___ from heart trouble ,and he had to take medicine wherever he went.【小题10】I have ______ him to give up smoking, now he is more healthier.【小题11】I didn’t do it on ______,it was an accident.【小题12】The boys were _____ of listening to the same thing again and again. 【小题13】The houses across the street are in ______,but they were in good conditions a few years ago.【小题14】He _____ to go shopping rather than stay at home on weekends.【小题15】It was a ______ news and we all got _____.5.请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇有关四川大地震的短文。
SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully andthen answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A. Pan-Pacific Tours.B. Johnson & Sons Events.C. Conference delegates.D. An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught throughA. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.16. According to the , the "new man" likes toA. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.services of the new partnership are provided mainly toA. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.example of Cambodia mainly showsA. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA. a 17-year-old girl.B. a 15-year-old boy.C. a 23-year-old woman.D. an l 8-year-old man.learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediately.D. two weeks later.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.Iraqi parliament can vote on the security agreement only afterA. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA. the police.B. the district attorney.C. the prison authorities.D. Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A. The rescue operation involved many people.B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage it" inserted in thecorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31)____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (32)____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33)____ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34)____ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)____ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)_____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37)_____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38)____ the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39)____ with meaning for us by experience; (40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words (41)_____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (42)____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43)____Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)____ to our minds and emotions. This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call (46)____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)____. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (48)_____ their position and association can (49)____ men to tears. Weshould, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convertPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a ____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.A. latelynowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicized phrase means _____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n)salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation.84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.TEXT BOver the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 ., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoffat and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were foundA. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the ____ the images they present.A. smallerB. largerC. clearerD. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists.B. the emergence of the lnternet.C. the birth of new theories.D. the interest in the Internet.90. The author is ____ about the role of the lnternet in solving mysteries.A. cautiousB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. optimisticTEXT CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?"But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University)."There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University)."'This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University).Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearance at the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, 'Serviceis the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered one of the best in recent memory.But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to be lectured aboutthe big stuff?. Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall ____ memories.A. greatB. trivialC. unforgettableD. unimaginative92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explainedA. in the final paragraph.B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the first paragraph.D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPTA. death.B. success.C. service.D. generosity.94. It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail toA. remain clear-headed.B. keep good manners.C. remember others' words.D. recollect specific details.95. What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.TEXT DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties foracquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lesu on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a clan, a type of kin (family) group, are not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their totemic ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be descended from that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva, of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, no96. According to the passage, the English make clear distinctions betweenA. people who eat together.B. the kinds of food served.。
2010年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试题答案及评分参考(课程代码00015)Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(本大题共l0小题，每小题l分，共10分) 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D6．D 7．C 8．D 9．B l0．AⅡ.Cloze Test(本大题共l0小题，每小题l分，共l0分)11．A l2．B l3．C l4．C l5．D16．A l7．B l8．C l9．D 20．BⅢ.Reading Comprehension(本大题共l5小题，每小题2分，共30分) 21．B 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．D26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A31．A 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．BⅣ.Word Spelling(本大题共20小题，每两小题1分，共1 0分)36．diverse 37．likewise 38．manual 39．consumer40．bias 41．trademark 42．audience 43．urban44．dictionary 45．Material 46．scientific 47．deserve48．prolong 49．defect 50．1ibrarian 51．tablet52．command 53．sensible 54．principle 55．Inferior【评分参考】多写、少写或错写一个或一个以上的字母均为错。
Ⅴ.Word Form(本大题共l0小题，每小题l分，共10分)56．treatment 57．effective 58．quickened 59．different 60．dishonest 61．writer 62．irregular 63．seriousness64．tolerant 65．rapidly【评分参考】语法错误或拼写错误均不给分。
Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共l5分) 66．I find／found it difficult to understand the black hole theory．67．To complete the experiment on time, the scientist never went to bed before midnight．68．There will be little possibility of Success in the young mall’s research．／It is almost impossible for the young man to success in his research．69．Even the police did not know what had caused the traffic accident．70．I would rather he bought the house next year．【评分参考】(1)主要语法错误(如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问以及其他句型错误)或影响基本句意的重要用词错误扣1分。
作文范文：Due Attention Should Be Given To SpellingCorrect spelling is a basic skill in English study. However, nowadays many students do not pay much attention to it.They have their own reasons for misspelling. First of all, they like an easy way of studying, which causes some omissions and changes in spelling. Second, the teachers might not be very strict in students’ spelling. In China, teachers seem to be more concerned with grammar and vocabulary but not spelling.To change this situation, in my opinion, the teachers and the students should work together. On one hand, the teachers should give more attention to students’spelling, asking the students to be conscious of the importance of correct spelling from the very beginning of their English study. On the other hand, the students themselves are supposed to be aware that correct spelling is a must in English study.To sum up, correct spelling is so important that both students and the teachers should spare no efforts to achieve correct spelling.快速阅读答案1. A) her daughters' repeated complains2. D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition3. C) can realize what is important in life4. A) it seriously affected family relationships5. C) depressed6. B) His family had intervened7. B) curb his desire for online gaming8. had an Internet addiction9. professional help10. online dating听力答案Section Ashort conversation11. C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.13. C) Tidy up the place.14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.15. A) He understands the woman’s feelings.16. D) She has to invite David to the party.17. C) Many students find Prof. Johnson’s lectures boring.18. D) Assemble a computer.long conversation19. B) It requires him to work long hours.20. D) It demands physical endurance and patience.21. D) In a hotel.22. B) Paying attention to every detail.23. A) The pocket money British children get.24. C) It often rises higher than inflation.25. B) Pay for small personal things.Section BPassage 126. B) District managers27. D) The important part played by district managers28. B) Fifty percent of them were female29. B) He was not gender sensitivePassage 230. C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly31. D) You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting32. D) Stick to the pointPassage 333. B) Architect34. A) Do some volunteer work.35. C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.Section C36. curious37. figuring38. independent39. unusual40. interacting41. formal42. abstract43. mystery44. he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately45. by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it46. including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him?Section A47. G incredibly48. K replace49. J reduced50. L sense51. H powering52. D exceptions53. E expand54. O vast55. F historic56. I protectSection BPassage 157. C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.60. C) To make them easily identifiable.61. A) There is still a good chance for their being recovered.Passage 262. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking63. A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good64. B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed65. C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem66. B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy完型答案67. B) differ68. B) via69. B) used70. B) lies71. B) of72. D) selects73. A) sends in74. A) visible75. B) over76. D) allows77. A) after78. D) insignificant79. C) corporations80. D) only81. B) later82. D) provided83. D) besides84. A) and85. C) widespread86. A) acquired翻译答案87. (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment.88. did she become angry/did she lose her temper before.89. being invited to attend the opening ceremony.90. (should) be fixed/installed by the window91. the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents’ strong opposition。
2010年4月全国自考英语（二）真题及答案月全国自考英语（二）真题及答案一、Vocabulary and Structure （10 points,1 point for each item ）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. Experts have found that____ normal sleep can be divided into five steps. A. moderate B. initial C. distinct D. advanced 2. The student ___described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A. artificially B. vividly C. critically D. viciously 3. Even after decades of_____: the two brothers recognized each other immediately. 3. Even after decades of_____: the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A. separation B. cooperation C. correspondence D. communication 4 . The spokesman occasionally______ his speech with gestures. A. acknowledges B accompanies C attributes D anticipates 5. We have greatly___ the procedure according to the chairman’s chairman’s suggestion. suggestion. A. stimulated B. perceived C. obscured D. simplified 6. There is something wrong with m0 mobile phone. I must have it____ A .repair B . to repair C . repairing D .repaired 7 .What her grandfather said left a ___ impression on her mind. She still remrembers it. A. final B vague C . deep D. main 8 .By the end of next year the bridge____ A .is to complete B .has been comp leted C. will be completing D .will have been completed 9.In order to follow fashions, the gir1 has to____ great discomforts. A catch up with B put up with C keep up with D fall in with 10．We should_____this in mind:Dont judge a person by his appearance. A. bear B. put C. place D. print 答案：1、C 2、B 3、A 4、B 5、D 6、C 7、C 8、D 9、B 10、AII.Clone Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项。
2010年大学英语四级考试模拟试题第2期Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Psychological Problems for College Students”. You should write at least 120 words following the outl ine given below in Chinese:1. 有些大学生存在心理问题；2. 出现这种现象的原因；3. 应对措施。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.DepressionDepression is a common type of mental disorder — most people will be affected by depression in their lives either directly or indirectly. Confusion about depression is commonplace: for example, about what depression is and what makes it different from just feeling down. There is also confusion surrounding the many types of depression that people may experience. There have been so many terms used to describe this set of feelings we’ve all felt at one time or another in our lives, to one degree or another, that it is time to set the record straight.1. Types of DepressionDepressive disorders come in different forms, just as other illnesses such as heart disease. This passage briefly describes three of the most common types of depressive disorders. However, within these types there are variations in the number of symptoms, their severity, and persistence.Major depression is manifested by a combination of symptoms that interfere with the ability to work, study, sleep, eat, and enjoy once pleasurable activities. Such a disabling episode of depression may occur only once but more commonly occurs several times in a lifetime.A less severe type of depression, dysthymia, involves long-term, chronic symptoms that do not disable, but keep one from functioning well or from feeling good. Many people with dysthymia also experience major depressive episodes at some time in their lives.Another type of depression is bipolar disorder, which is characterized by cycling mood changes: severe highs (mania) and lows (depression). Sometimes the mood switches are dramatic and rapid, but most often they are gradual. When in the depressed cycle, an individual can have any or all of the symptoms of a depressive disorder. When in the manic cycle, the individual may be overactive, over-talkative, and have agreat deal of energy. Mania often affects thinking, judgment, and social behavior in ways that cause seriousproblems and embarrassment. For example, the individual in a manic phase may feel elated and full of grandschemes that might range from unwise business decisions to romantic sprees.2. Symptoms of DepressionDepression is characterized by a number of common symptoms. Not everyone who is depressed or manic experiences every symptom. Some people experience a few symptoms, some many. Severity of symptoms varies with individuals and also varies over time.●Persistent sad, anxious, or “empty”mood●Feelings of hopelessness, pessimism●Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness●Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities that were once enjoyed●Decreased energy, fatigue, being “slowed down”●Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions●Insomnia, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping●Appetite and/or weight loss or overeating and weight gain●Thoughts of death or suicide; suicide attempts●Restlessness, irritability●Persistent physical symptoms that do not respond to treatment, such as headaches, digestive disorders and chronic pain3. Risk Factors of DepressionWhile depression can strike anyone at any time, research has identified several factors associated with an increased risk for depression:Family History — Having an immediate family member with depression increases the risk of developing depression. Other mental illnesses, such as alcoholism in family members, can also increase the risk for depression.Early Childhood Experience — Early childhood trauma, such as loss of a parent before adolescence, child neglect, physical, emotional abuse, and parental divorce are all linked to increased risk for adult depression.Stress — Negative life events, such as divorce, loss of a loved one or loss of employment are associated with increased depression. Research shows that chronic stresses (such as illness, lack of social support and numerous “daily hassles”) are also linked to depression.Alcohol — Depression and alcoholism is often seen in the same patients at the same time. Alcohol is a depressant drug and its presence in a depressed person has serious implications for treatment outcome.Residence — Depression seems to be higher in urban residents than in rural residents. In fact, one study found that depression was twice as common among city dwellers as among those who lived in rural areas.Marital Status — Depression is highest among divorced, separated, or co-habitating people. It is lowest among single and married people. People living alone have higher rates of depression than those living with others do.Work Status — Research shows that people unemployed for six months or more in the last five years had a rate of depression three times that of the general population.Physical Illness — Certain physical illnesses are associated with depression, such as thyroid disorder, hormonal imbalances, chronic viral infections, cancer and heart diseases.Gender — It is estimated that one out of every four women and one out of every ten men experience some type of depression during their lifetime. While women suffer from depression more often and attempt suicide more frequently, men are more successful in their suicide attempts. Women also suffer from unique forms of depression related to their unique biology and life experiences.Age — Most people experience their first episode of depression between the ages of 20 and 40. In fact, the average age of onset of depression is the mid-20s. Alarmingly, recent research shows that the average age of onset is decreasing with each generation. Children, adolescents and elderly persons often display unique symptoms of depression and have specific stressful events that predispose them to depression.Ethnic and cultural groups — The World Health Organization named depression the fourth most devastating illness in the world today and predicted that it would become the second ranked illness by 2020. No ethnic or cultural group is immune. While depression occurs at about the same rate in different groups, ethnic and cultural differences often impact the ways in which their members express their feelings and their willingness to seek treatment.Tobacco — Increased tobacco use has been noted in depressed persons and individuals with underlying or current depressive symptoms are likely to experience mood disturbances when they attempt to quit.4. Treatments for DepressionFortunately, there are many effective treatment options for depression. To be most effective, treatment should be specifically tailored to each individual. That is why a detailed interview by a mental health professional is extremely valuable. Established treatments for depression may include:●antidepressant medications●psychotherapy (also known as “talk therapy”or “counseling”)All of these treatments have been shown to treat depression successfully. The choice of treatment will be determined by several factors, including the type and severity of depression, by previous treatment history, and patient preference. A combination of medications and psychotherapy is used to treat most patients, although mild forms of depression may be treated with psychotherapy alone.Effective treatment is based on an accurate assessment, which identifies the causes of depression in any person. Usually depression is a result of biological, psychological and social factors, and an effective treatment plan is one that identifies all of these and develops strategies to reduce their frequency and intensity.1. How will depression affect the majority of people?A) Directly. B) Indirectly.C) Both directly and indirectly.D) Either directly or indirectly.2. How many common types of depression are discussed in this passage?A) Two. B) Three.C) Four. D) Five.3. Bipolar disorder is characterized by ____________.A) a combination of symptomsB) long-term symptomsC) cycling mood changesD) serious problems and embarrassment4. Persistent physical symptoms that do not respond to treatment might include _____________.A) feeling pessimistic B) failure to concentrateC) sleeplessness D) indigestion5. What kind of people are the least likely to suffer from depression?A) Married people.B) Separated people.C) Co-habitating people. D) Divorced people.6. What percentage of women might suffer from depression during their lifetime?A) 10%. B) 25%. C) 40%. D) 45%.7. The World Health Organization predicts that depression will ____________ by 2020.A) become the fourth most devastating illnessB) rank as one of the top two illnessesC) spread among all peopleD) be cured in some countries8. While depression occurs at about the same rate in different groups, _________ differences often impact the ways in which their members express their feelings and their willingness to seek treatment.9. There are established treatments for depression, including _____________ and psychotherapy.10. An effective treatment plan for depression should identify the symptoms and develop strategies to reduce their ____________.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)■Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.11. A) The dress is ugly.B) The dress is cheap.C) The dress isn’t a real bargain.D) The dress doesn’t suit the woman.12. A) At 11:52. B) At 11:10.C) At 11:50. D) At 11:48.13. A) She prefers to live in the countryside.B) She doesn’t like the people in cities.C) She wants to move to the city.D) She plans to go to work by car.14. A) At a drugstore. B) At a bookstore.C) At a booking office. D) At a grocery.15. A) An architect. B) An accountant.C) A doctor. D) A teacher.16. A) John’s notes are not complete.B) John’s handwriting is bad.C) John’s notes are useless.D) John’s notes are full of mistakes.17. A) The man doesn’t like entertainment.B) The man lives close to a train station.C) The woman can’t bear any noise.D) The woman wants to buy an apartment.18. A) He doesn’t like dessert very much.B) He will have some chocolate cake.C) He will go to visit his doctor.D) He wants to stay fit.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To talk to Sandra.B) To cancel her appointment.C) To make an appointment.D) To invite Sandra to a party.20. A) Design her hair by herself.B) Have her hair done by Betty.C) Make an appointment with Sandra.D) Go to another hair salon.21. A) Have her hair cut.B) Go to visit Sandra.C) See a gentleman. D) Attend a party.22. A) Happy. B) Worried.C) Angry. D) Disappointed.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) General Electric. B) General Motors.C) United Motors. D) United Electric.24. A) Her mother taught her.B) She learned it in college.C) She learned it from her work.D) She lived in Japan for three years.25. A) She wants to earn more money.B) She wants to learn foreign languages.C) She wants more opportunities for advancement.D) She wants to do business in Asia.■Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) It can change the earth of the grassland.B) It can cut down the growth rate of weeds.C) It can offer natural fertilizers to the grass.D) It can keep the grassland in good condition.27. A) When the grass is less than five centimeters high.B) When the grass is about ten centimeters high.C) When the grass is more than fifteen centimeters high.D) When the grass is less than fifteen centimeters high.28. A) They need electric fences and watering places.B) They need paddocks and special grazing areas.C) They need water supplies and strong fences.D) They need stronger fences and guard animals.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Her daughter.B) Harold “Matt” Matson.C) Her husband.D) A German doll.30. A) About three hundred dollars.B) More than twenty-seven thousand dollars.C) No more than ten thousand dollars.D) About twenty thousand dollars.31. A) He thinks Barbies are harmful to people’s health.B) He thinks Barbies make girls pay less attention to their studies.C) He thinks Saudi Arabia is a good example.D) He thinks Barbies make girls care about their appearance too much.32. A) Supportive. B) Opposed.C) Indifferent. D) Neutral.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) The student gets three points.B) The student gets one point.C) The student gets four points.D) The student fails in the course.34. A) It gives students detailed evaluations instead of letter grades.B) It is a private four-year college established in 1967.C) It has a large number of students but no overseas students now.D) It adopts the evaluations written by the professors only.35. A) She thinks they are a good way to evaluate students.B) She doesn’t think they provide good direction for students.C) She thinks they will be replaced by a new evaluation system.D) She thinks they will be changed by the American university system.■Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Many people want to know if there is a state religion in the United States. The answer is no and thereason goes back to the early days of America’s history.In the 17th and 18th centuries, many (36) _______ moved to colonial America in part to (37) _________ religious oppression. Thomas Jefferson and other early American leaders (38) ________ designed a national government that had no (39) ______ religion. They wanted to build a country that included many religions, where citizens were free to follow their own (40) __________.The First Amendment of the Constitution supports religious (41) ________ and places religion outside the reach of the government. This idea is often described as “the (42) ________ of church and state”.How the First Amendment (43) __________ to life in America has often been disputed. There is deep opposition between people (44)_______________________________ ____________________________.The church and state debate is still going on today. For some people, polic ies about stem-cell research, same-sex marriage and abortion rights threaten religious beliefs. (45)___________________________________________.Even though there is no state religion in America, there is a large, beautiful religious center in the nation’s capital called the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul. But an official says the church calls itself the Washington National Cathedral because (46)_________________________________________________.Part IVReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)■Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Data from the Chandrayaan-1 (印度“月球初航1号”) spacecraft suggests water is still being formed on its surface. It is believed that the water is 47 at the poles and possibly formed by the solar wind. The finding was made after researchers examined data from three separate 48 to the moon. The reports show that the water may be moving around, forming and reforming as particles become 49 up in the dust on the surface of the moon.Dr. Mylswamy Annadurai, the mission’s project director at the Indian Space Research Organisation in Bangalore, told The Times, “It’s very 50 . This was one of the main objectives of Chandrayaan-1, to find evidence of water on the moon.” The unmanned craft was 51 with NASA’s Moon Mineralogy Mapper (美国航天局设计的月球矿物绘图仪，简称M3), designed 52 to search for water by picking up the electromagnetic radiation sent out by minerals. The M3 was designed to search for water by 53 the electromagnetic radiation given off by different minerals on and just below the surface of the moon. Unlike previous equipment, it was 54 enough to detect the existence of small amounts of water.Carle Pieters of Brown University in Rhode Island and his colleagues 55 data from Chandrayaan-1 and found spectrographic (光谱的) evidence of water. The water seems thicker closer to the poles, they reported. “When we say ‘water on the moon’, we are not talking about lakes or oceans. Water on the moon means molecules of water and hydroxyl (hydrogen and oxygen) that 56 with molecules of rock and dust specifically in the top millimeters of the moon’s surface,” Pieters said in a statement. Scientists said the breakthrough would change the face of lunar exploration.A) specifically I) concentratedB) detecting J) sensitiveC) occasionally K) reviewedD) decisions L) satisfyingE) missions M) dividedF) interact N) equippedG) disappointing O) mixedH) sensible■Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Feeding 30 million schoolchildren is a difficult task. As a result, many of today’s school cafeteria offerings end up as appealing as a tray of lukewarm airplane food. And if there’s one point of agreement on the state of school lunches, it’s that local school districts and the federal government are over-tasked. The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National School Lunch Program (NSLP) helps feed millions of American schoolchildren. Critics charge that the program is under-funded and misspends money on meals that are overly processed, too rich in fat and not nutritious. The challenge is how to change this on a national and local level.Help has historically trickled in courtesy of local entrepreneurs and nearby natural-food advocates who supplied some schools with organic and farm-fresh foods. Now, a new campaign supported by national corporations hopes to make more sweeping changes across the country. Whole Foods and a loose coalition of organic-food manufacturers and advocates say that creating a healthier national food policy is the start. Last August, Whole Foods launched a fund-raising campaign to reform the country’s school lunch programs and has so far raised more than $440,000 that will support an online effort to help school districts create healthy and affordable meal options. According to the supermarket chain’s chief operating officer Walter Robb, some of that money will also help raise awareness about the Child Nutrition Act (CAN).CAN determines school food policy and financial resources as well as funds the NSLP. Advocates for healthier lunches say that the Nutrition Act will be reauthorized by the president and Congress. School lunch programs now get $9.3 billion in federal funding, or about $2.68 for each eligible child. Subtract labor and other administrative costs and some child-nutrition advocates estimate that only $1 goes toward food. That’s not enough, said Robb. “It’s a Sisyphean situation. We’re at a tipping point. We need to raise exposure and do something right now.”For Ann Cooper, the former director of nutrition services for California’s Berkley Unified School District, help from either the public or private sector is much needed. Cooper, a chef and author, created , funded b y Whole Foods. The site’s mission is “to help your community transition step by step to a school program that will improve the health and well-being of our children”. It features recipes for schools, information about food safety, and promotes community ac tivism. “I hope we’re building a trend,” Cooper said of her partnership with Whole Foods. “More companies are doing this. Maybe it’s part altruistic, part capitalistic. But if a company can make money feeding kids and make them healthier, that’s the bottomline.”57. From the first paragraph, what can we learn about today’s school cafeteria offerings?A) They are good but not adequate.B) They are not healthy enough.C) They are rich in fat and protein.D) They are the same as those on airplanes.58. The u nderlined word “coalition” in the second paragraph means “_________”.A) a union of two political partiesB) a combination of different partsC) a group of people who join togetherD) a kind of movement59. The money raised by Whole Foods will be primarily used to ____________.A) carry out school food policiesB) make people better aware of CANC) launch a campaign about healthy foodD) help school districts provide better food60. What does the underlined sentence “It’s a Sisyphean situation.” in the th ird paragraph mean?A) A situation that is satisfactory and should be maintained.B) A situation that hasn’t been changed much.C) A situation that is stable and should be improved gradually.D) A situation that is worse than before and cannot be changed.61. Which of the following descriptions of Ann Cooper is correct?A) She is a teacher at the Children’s Nutrition School.B) She has many recipes for delicious food.C) She created a website to help school lunch programs.D) She is a community volunteer helping children.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The UN has declared 2010 the International Year of Biodiversity. In October, scientists and politicians will meet in Japan to assess progress towards the targets under The Convention on Biological Diversity, confirmed at the 2002 Johannesburg summit in South Africa. The bad news is that the chances of meeting those targets are extremely low. Most indicators suggest that the rate of biodiversity loss is increasing, not slowing. It is clear that we need to redouble our efforts.This has to be done in two ways: by improving scientific understanding of what is happening to the world’s biodiversity, and by ensuring that this understanding is conveyed to as wide an audience as pos sible. Both are difficult but essential — and fortunately both are doable.On the first front, we need to know in as much detail as possible what has happened to biodiversity over the recent past (the 300 or so years since the revolutions in industrializat ion and agriculture had a major impact on the world) so we can better measure current rates of biodiversity loss. Only when we have a validated rate of past decline can we assess the effects of conservation efforts.We also need to be creative about where we look for that evidence. Monitoring programs show evidence of changes in one place over a few years or decades, but they are already being made more difficult by theimpact climate change is having on the distribution of organisms — and thus on biodiversity — at any particular place on the planet.When it comes to longer-term changes, monitoring clearly cannot help. This is where scientific collections such as those in natural history museums and herbaria can make a unique contribution. These vast, painstakingly assembled collections of animals and plants are more than mere relics: they offer snapshots of past biodiversity. The collections held in institutions like the Natural History Museum in London can make an important contribution by providing data that will help us all to assess long-term changes in biodiversity.But assessing the changes is clearly not enough on its own. Action to foster biodiversity is urgently needed, and that requires politicians — and thus the wider public — to understand the significance of the changes taking place. This can be a complex message to communicate. The issue is not whether it is worth conserving a charismatic mammal or whether it matters if a few nematodes become extinct: it needs to be far more widely understood that declines in individual species herald the decline of diversity in whole ecosystems, which, in turn, has implications for human survival.62. The conference to be held in Japan aims to _________.A) evaluate whether there has been any progress in protecting biodiversityB) set up targets for biological diversity all over the worldC) increase biodiversity through various efforts in South AfricaD) call people’s attention to the rate of biodiversity loss63. What greatly affected biological diversity over the recent past?A) Climate change.B) Man’s damage to the earth.C) The industrial and agricultural revolutions.D) Scientific research and progress.64. The scientific collections of animals and plants provide _________.A) great relics for visitors to appreciateB) snapshots to show historical eventsC) useful data to understand changes in biodiversityD) rare evidence to prove their previous existence65. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?A) The International Year of Biodiversity focuses our attention on the study of biodiversity.B) Scientific ways should be used to slow down the rate of biodiversity loss.C) Changes in biodiversity may endanger the existence of human beings.D) The public should know more about the importance of biodiversity.66. What is implied in the passage?A) More efforts should be made to conserve biodiversity.B) Monitoring programs have proved to be ineffective.C) It is high time that we made efforts to foster biodiversity.D) Building museums is an important way to save biodiversity.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked。
