最新上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【十一选十】

2020届宝山区高三二模Section BDirections:After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.While I was jumping rope, my phone took a fall to the hardwood floor which created multiple cracks on my screen. However, the music kept 31 , so all as well －or so I thought.Thirty minutes later, I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was pitch-black. The next morning, I decided not to go to the phone store for 24 hours, I felt a(n) 32 sense of calm that day, which led to my not going for one week. One week ended up becoming 60 days without my smartphone.Here are three 33 I noticed and why you may want to consider a smartphone detox (戒除期) yourself:●You'll become boredWhile in line at a Starbucks, I noticed how every individual had their head down, eyes fixed on their smartphone. With nothing to distract myself with during the waiting period, I became bored, and my mind 34 through all sorts of topics.Boredom is 35 something we avoid at all costs. However, boredom is the perfect way to make a(n) 36 on a business idea or project. When you enter a state of boredom, you allow your mind to relax and escape from the realities of today to the infinite 37 of tomorrow.●You'll be able to dramatically reduce your "work" hoursA study found that adults ages 18 to 33 38 their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes.As I learned during my experiment, placing some distance between myself and my device helped me fall into deep work more easily.By not having my smartphone, my distraction time went down and thus my hours of work were spent more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found myself 39 what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day.●Your mental well-being will receive a boost (提高)Obviously, without a cellphone, I experienced a lack of 40 news and comments. While that helped cause a dramatic boost in my mental well-being, the biggest reason for it was truly connecting to people.2020届崇明区高三英语二模Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Former World’s Fattest Man Finds LoveHe was once the world’s fattest man weighing in at an incredible 980 pounds and consuming 20,000 calories (卡路里) a day. But it seems that after losing 672 pounds following a surgery, it’s not just Paul Mason’s health that has a more promising (31)_______—his weight loss may have also promoted his love life.Mr. Mason has only known his new girlfriend Rebecca for a month and the pair are yet to meet, but already the 52-year old has (32)_______that Rebecca is the love of his life. The pair met online last month when Rebecca saw a television (33)_______ about Mr. Mason’s extreme fatness—the result of overeating when a previous relationship ended. She was so touched by his situation as to get in touch, keen to help Mr. Mason get the NHS (National Health Service) to pay for a second operation to (34) _______ him of layers of extra skin.Mr. Mason said: “She didn’t really think of anything (35) _______at the beginning. It wasn’t until the second conversation that I realised there was more there than just friends. She felt the same and brought up the idea of us being boyfriend and girlfriend.”Mr. Mason says that he doesn’t go for looks and finds Rebecca’s (36) _______ attitude particularly attractive. “It is her personality, her (37) _______ and passion that has made me fall for her. We share the same ideas and interests and she has made me look at life in a new way. For a long time I couldn’t really see light at the end of the tunnel, but since Rebecca’s been in my life I’ve got a whole new (38) _______of worth and excitement.”Mr. Mason (39) _______ to his incredible size by eating ten times the amount needed by a normal man due to a compulsive eating disorder. As his weight rose sharply he was left unable to stand or walk before finally becoming bed-ridden and being looked after full time by carers.Firefighters had to knock down the front wall of his (40) home so they could use a fork lift truck to lift him out and put him into an ambulance when he needed an operation in 2002.2020届奉贤区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find “Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety”It started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades (小夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it (31) ______ from people’s homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide (32) ______ of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe’s worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain (33) ______ under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people (34) ______ in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people’s souls, it has also demonstrated the (35) ______ of those national characters.In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring (36) ______ needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep (37) ______ up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country’s empty streets, while social media feeds fill with (38) ______, sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly (39) ______ masks have also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title “It will all be OK.”“We’re Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture,” said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way “to feel a community, and to have the (40) ______ grief.”参考答案：31-40IBACG FDEKJ2020届虹口区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedNo one can be happy and cheerful forever. So it’s important they see a mental -health __31__ who can provide effective options for treatment when someone has clinical depression known as the state of feeling very sad, anxious and without hope. But there’s also a condition known as subthreshold depression in which someone __32__ some symptoms of depressive disorder, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis.It’s estimated that between 10% and 24% of the population has this kind of mild depression at some point in their lives. And for those people, a new study suggests that practicing thinking __33__ in silence may help improve their mood and reduce their risk of developing depression. The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, __34__ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.The study included 231 Chinese adults with subthreshold depression, meaning their __35__ between five and nine out of a total of 27 points on a standard depression __36__. Half received mindfulness training two hours a week for eight weeks, while the other half continued to receive their usual medical care.During the mindfulness training, participants were instructed on setting short-and long-term goals; __37__ their activity and mood; planning out their activities; and body scanning. They were asked to practice them at home at least six days a week.These techniques combine traditional deep thinking with __38__ activation, a type of therapy that uses an “outside in “ approach to help people change the way they act and aims to increase rewarding experiences in their lives. It has been shown to be effective for moderate to severe depression in other studies, and the researchers wanted to know if it would work as a __39__ measure as well.At the end of those eight weeks, the group that received mindfulness training reported a significant decrease in depression and __40__ symptoms compared to the group that did not. And no participants had developed clinical depression.参考答案：DHKAF BJCIE2020届黄浦区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How to work from homeThere are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate an increasing number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and (31) ______ practical option for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee.Before (32) ______ completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it (33) ______ from where you plan to work. Also, have a(n) (34) ______ plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance.The same advice applies to internet (35) ______. I make sure that if the wireless internet in my home office fails, I can still connect seamlessly through my smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files.The ability to communicate quickly and reliably is the most priceless attribute a remote employee needs to succeed. Do (36) ______ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure they’re installed and you know how to use them, and make your (37) ______ known to your colleagues when you are available and working.Set (38) ______ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid (39) ______ unless it’s important.Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being (40) ______, but it’s important to make activity a habit.参考答案：31-35: CFGAD 36-40:KIBHE2020届金山区高三英语二模Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 — interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37 . If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction (交易) is 38 and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40 nagging (唠叨) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.参考答案：31- 40: FBIEH GKCDA2020届闵行区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can beused only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more importantly, the first postage stamp issued anywhere, 31 the image of Queen Victoria, but the first British postal service didn’t originate in Victoria England. In 1860, William Dockwra started a public service that32 the quick delivery of a letter anywhere in London. His system was quickly33 with Dockwra in charge. It was far from a perfect system, 34 with seemingly improper charges that made it unreasonably expensive to send a letter. Worse still, recipients were expected to pay. As you might imagine, this 35 some problems—either people weren’t home or flat—out refused to pay. The system just didn’t work, but it remained in place for far too long.About 50 years later, to do better, Rolland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and replacing them with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender. When the post office ignored Hill’s ideas, he self-published his essay and it quickly gained36 among the public. Hill was then ordered by Postmaster General Lord Lichfield to discuss postal reform and ,during their subsequent meetings, the two men conceived of a gluey 37 that could be applied to the envelops to indicate payment. Though it had gained support with the public who longed for a affordably way to connect with distant friends and family, officials were still not convinced. Thankfully, Hill was far from alone in his passion for reform. He eventually earned enough support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to 38 his system.In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the postal facility. The winning stamp 39 describing the young queen’s profile came from one William Wyon, who based the design on a medal he created to celebrate his first visit to London.The“Penny Black”stamp went on sale on May 1, 1840. It was an immediate 40 . Suddenly, the country seemed a lot smaller. The penny black’s design was so well received that it remained in use for forty year.参考答案：BFJCG KAEIH2020届浦东新区高三英语二模Today’s political climate and negative headlines seem to point towards a more inward-looking global population -minds narrowing, borders going up. But with more people living and working overseas and becoming exposed to influences from different cultures, many of us are seeking a(n) __31__, connected world.According to the recently published study from Culture Trip, 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by the __32__ from different cultures. As a society, we not only want to discover and experience other cultures, we want to learn from them, too. This is one of the many positive side effects of globalization. At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in a shift in values away from __33__, with younger generations more interested in collecting experiences than possessions.Welcome to the “new culture economy”.The collision（碰撞）of two trends - globalization and the experience economy - has __34__ a new attitude to travel, with cultural curiosity at its heart. This is the “new culture economy”. The phenomenon is having a powerful impact on people’s interactions and definitions of __35__ exploration, and presents an incredible commercial opportunity.While globalization is usually talked about in the context of the __36__ of trade and capital between countries, we shouldn’t forget that the __37__ force behind it all it people. Education, travel, exposure to other customs and geographies and the cultural integration（融合）are the more influential social effects of globalization. People are increasingly living or working in countries other than the ones in which they were born - more than half of respondents from the study have friends living overseas, all of which has __38__ in more interaction with global cultures.Also, student debt and unafford-able housing have created a(n) __39__ in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership. Travel is absolutely necessary to most people’s lives - in fact, nearly half of all respondents cut down on their daily expenses so they can save money to travel more. For “generation rent” in particular, no matter how expensive an experience or a trip, it is still more __40__ than a house.参考答案：31-40 FDEHB ICGJA2020届松江区高三英语二模Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.From the early 1950s until 2009, a department in the United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence (MoD) documented and investigated reports of UFOs. Now, more than a decade after the program ended, many of those __31__ classified files about UFO will be made available to the public for the first time.Previously, some MoD files about UFOs had been published online at the U.K. National Archives (国家档案馆) website. The Telegraph reported. However, all of the agency's UFO reports will be __32__ this year on “a dedicated web page.” spokesperson for the British Royal Air Force (RAF) told The Telegraph.The decision came after PA Media, a British news agency, filed a request for the UFO files under a/an __33__ on information, according to The Telegraph. MoD officials decided “it would be better to publish these records, rather than continue __34__ documents to the National Archives.”the RAF spokesperson said.The U.K.'s __35__ with UFOs began around 1950. urging the MoD to form the Flying Saucer Working Party to __36__ the phenomenon. according to the UK. National Archives. UFOs in the early 1950s even captured the attention of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who sent a memo to his air minister in 1952 __37__ .“What does all this stuff about flying saucers amount to? What can it mean? What is the truth?”The flying saucer group concluded that UFOs were delusions (错觉) or 38 objects. recommending “that no further investigation of reported mysterious phenomenon in the air be __39__.”Nevertheless, other MoD divisions continued the work of official UFO investigation in the U.KAfter MoD enacted a policy change on Dec.1st, 2009, the agency no longer recorded or investigated any UFO __40__, according to the report. But what they did find-including many recent UFO reports that were previously available only as hard copies-will be published online within the nest few months. said Nick Pope. a former UFO investigator for the MoD.参考答案：31—35 FAECG 36—40 DIKJH2020届徐汇区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why Humpback Whales (座头鲸) Protect Other Species from Killer Whales Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist, describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica in 2009.A group of killer whales were attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam 31toward a pair of humpbacks that had inserted themselves into the action. One of the humpbacks rolled over on its back, and the seal was 32onto its chest, between the whale’s massive flippers (鳍). “That incident 33me,” he says. “Those humpbacks were doing something we couldn’t explain.”Pitman started asking other researchers and whale watchers to send him similar 34 . Soon he was reading through observations of 115 encounters between humpbacks and killer whales, recorded over 62 years. “There are some pretty astonishing videos of humpbacks 35 killer whales,” he says.In a 2016 article in Marine Mammal Science, a famous scientific journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe this behaviour and confirm that such acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing that something is happening and understanding why it’s happening are two different things. Pitman and his co-authors openly reflected on the meaning of these encounters. “Why,” they wrote, “would humpbacks 36interfere with attacking killer whales, spending time and energy on a potentially37activity, especially when the killer whales… were attacking other species of prey?”Interestingly, humpbacks don’t just hit on killer-whale attacks. They race toward them like firefighters into burning buildings. And like those rescue workers, humpbacks don’t know who is in danger until they get there. That’s because the sound that 38them to an attack isn’t the sad voice of the victim. It’s the excited calls of the killer whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one simple instruction: “When you hear killer whales attacking, go break it up.”I wonder what humpback whales care deeply enough about to actively swim into battle with killer whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it still comes down to selfishly 39their own kind. He believes that their occasional rescues of humpback calves(后代) create a strong enough 40for them to rush in to help, even if it means they end up saving sunfish, sea lions, dolphins every now and then.参考答案：31-40 FGCHK BDEJA2020届杨浦区高三英语二模Shifting from hunting to farming made life 50 percent more difficult for humans, a study by Cambridge University suggests. Although farming (31) ________ previously wandering communities to stay put and grow, it came at a huge cost. Researcher Dr. Mark Dyble, lived with 10 Agta groups and found that those who still hunted and searched for their food spent around 20 hours working in the week to live, but those who had (32) ________ to farming needed to work 30 hours for the same amount of food.“For a long time, the shift from hunting to farming was assumed to represent progress, allowing people to (33) ________ a laborious and uncertain way of life,” said Dr. Dyble. “But as soon as researchers started working with hunter-gatherers they began (34) ________ this narrative, finding that hunters actually enjoy quite a lot of leisure time. Our data provides some of the clearest (35) ________ for this idea yet.” The researchers followed 359 people from the Agta community (36) ________ how much time they spent on leisure, childcare, domestic chores and out-of-camp work. As well as the overall difference in hours worked, the study also found that women living in the communities most involved in farming had half as much leisure time as those in communities which only hunted. Co-author, Dr. Abigail Page added: “We have to be really careful when (37) ________ from contemporary hunter-gatherers to different societies in pre-history.” But if the first farmers really did work harder than hunters then this begs an important question - why did humans adopt agriculture?Previous studies suggested the adoption of farming grew up to help cope with (38) ________ societies, although other experts claimed that it was agriculture itself that allowed sedentary(定栖的) communities to expand, and once they (39) ________ a certain size, it would have been impossible for groups to return to a hunter-gathering lifestyle, even if they had wanted to. Dr. Page says: “The amount of leisure time that Agta enjoy is evidence to the (40) ________ of the hunter-gatherer way of life. This leisure time also helps to explain how these communities manage to share so many skills and so much knowledge within lifetimes and across generations.”参考答案：31-40 J G D F A I K C E B2020届嘉定区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Wearing shoes can weaken ankle bonesYour shoes are changing your feet. The ankles of people who 31 wear shoes are different to those of people who tend to walk barefoot. In many industrial societies, people tend to wear shoes from a young age. However, many people around the world often go barefoot, or wear only very thin footwear.“We know that there are some 32 in the feet of modern humans, due to the use of shoes,” says Rita Sorrentino at the University of Bologna in Italy. But most 33 findings relate to the front and middle of the foot. She and her team have focused on the ankle instead. They studied 142 ankle bones from 11 34from North America, Africa and Europe. These 35 sandal-wearing(穿凉鞋的) Nguni farmers in southern Africa, people living in New York and bones from Stone Age hunter-gatherers.The hunter-gatherers’ ankle bones were significantly shorter than those of people living in modern cities, and there were other differences in the shape. “They are mostly related to footwear-related behaviours and movement behaviours,” says Sorrentino. The hunter-gatherers walked barefoot for long distances every day over natural land. Their ankles were relatively 36 . In contrast, people who live in big cities, who wear tight footwear and walk short distances on flat surfaces like concrete roads, had more unbending ankles.Changes to ankle bones take place over the course of a person’s life, and there is no evidence that these alterations can be passed on 37 .According to Sorrentino, 38 evidence for people wearing shoes only exists for the past 10,000 years. For instance, a sandal from a Missouri cave may be 8300years old. Early shoes were all fairly soft, so wouldn’t have 39 the motion of the ankle much.It is an open question whether shoes have disadvantages, but Sorrentino 40 that the firmness of modern shoes causes our bones to become weaker and more likely to suffer from breaking.参考答案：31-35 CKFED36-40 ABIGJ2020届嘉定区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedHave you ever unintentionally left your phone at home and wondered how you would get through the day? Baylor College of Medicine’s Dr. Jin Han explains why this might be a sign that you need to put down your phone more often.“There has been a(n) __31__ in technology as our phones have gone from just regular cell phones to smart phones that allow you to multitask all with one device,” said Han, assistant professor at Baylor. “You use your phone now to receive emails, to text and chat and to access social media platforms -- __32__ your phone may be your connection to your social life.”Although they offer many advantages, Han cautions that using your smart devices can be harmful if you use them too much. For example, using your smart phone while driving, or even walking, can cause serious accidents. Also, staring at your screen for too long can be harmful to your __33__.Being __34__ too long to your phone also can impact the quality of your relationships, he said. If you are on your phone constantly and not __35__ with those around you, it can take away from your relationships with your family and friends. In addition, if you are using your phone too much in front your children, then they will likely follow your lead and use their own smart devices rather than __36__ with you.“ In the end, the question is how you balance using your phone while not negatively __37__ your health.” Han said. “Anything that you are doing to the __38__ is no healthy anymore. While it is going to be almost impossible not to use this technology, we have t create a behavior that is healthy.”To help __39__ the time you spend on your phone, Han offered the following tips:●Limit the time spent on your phone: Set up certain time that you allow yourself to be on thephone.●Do not use your phone at night: Being on your phone late into the night can make it harderfor you to fall asleep and wake up the next day. Restricting your phone use at night can help you __40__ a healthy sleep behavior.。

2019--2020学年高三英语二模选词填空高频词汇编名词：balance;presence;anxiety;account;address;combination;deposit;exhibition;fascination;guarantee;label动词：present；alert;act;allow;benefit;breakthrough;convince;charge;claim;compose;check;drive;deliver形容词：delivered/delivering;engaging/engaged;typical;burdened;collective;evident;exposed;financial副词：deliberately；desperately;essentially;typically;breathlessly（虹口区）Highlight;scale,professional;preventive（黄浦区）function；update（浦东新区）influence；shift（长宁区）suspects（徐汇区）motive；alerts；charging（闵行区）label；implement;present;hit（崇明县）documentary;sense;rid;drive（金山区）balance（松江区）address;act（杨浦区）support;escape（虹口区）Exhibit（黄浦区）presence（徐汇区）accounts（闵行区）bear（金山区）engaging例1：(虹口区)The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, (34)____ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.解析1：highlights在此处为动词，译为“强调”，研究强调另一个原因。

2023 高三二模专题0211 选10上海宝山区高三英语二模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.An entirely new art form is developing. This art form goes beyond 31 giving viewers one thing to look at. Instead, it surrounds them with images and sounds. This usually takes the form of rooms where music plays and images are 32 onto walls, changing when visitors interact with them. Sometimes pleasant smells are added to draw people in through yet another sense. These rooms are known as immersive (沉浸式的) exhibits because they seek to involve viewers completely.The most famous company 33 immersive exhibits is called teamLab. What this company does is draw on people with a huge range of skill sets: artists, engineers, 34 and even mathematicians. All of these skills are necessary to produce the complex immersive exhibits teamLab is known for. Much of the company's art is based on nature. This is a(n) 35 choice as their goal is to help people feel more connected to the rest of the world. This goal reflects some traditional Asian philosophies, which makes sense because teamLab is a Japanese company. TeamLab's philosophy states that it seeks to transcend (超越) the 36 that people have set up to separate them from other things.Other companies are also developing immersive exhibitions 37 at providing entertainment, education or both. For example, American company Imagine Exhibitions has designed over 40 exhibitions, which combine art, lighting, textures, scents and more. Physical objects are carefully selected and placed throughout the exhibits to add to their realism. The topics of their exhibits 38 from the history of ancient Egypt to nature to TV shows and games such as Angry Birds .Immersive exhibits maybe a new development, but they are 39 by older art forms. Some immersive exhibits are even apparently about the work of artists who worked in other media, such as the painter Vincent van Gogh. Even those who do not reference other artists so clearly are often influenced by older art styles. And many of the immersive exhibits also 40 some form of music.By combining skills and technologies in creative ways, teams are developing new ways for people to experience art. A. architects B. influenced C. merely D. aimed E. projected G. boundaries H. significantly I. contain J. producing F. deliberate K. range31-40 CEJAF GDKBI上海虹口区高三英语二模Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each wordcan be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. astronomicalB. aweC. enduringD. facilitatedE. generatedF. massiveG. pointingH. primitiveI. representedJ. spiritK. isolationStonehengeStonehenge in southern England ranks the world’s most symbolic archaeological ( 考古的) sites and one of its greatest mysteries. The huge stone circle on Salisbury Plain inspires 31 and fascination—but also intense debate some 4,600 years after it was built by ancient Britons who left no written record.The monument’s mysterious past has 32 countless tales and theories. According to folklore, Stonehenge was created by Merlin, who magically transported the 33 stones from Ireland, where giants had put them up. Another legend says the armies from Denmark put the stones up, and another theory saysthey were the ruins of a Roman temple.Modern debate over the monument’s meaning has two main camps: those whosee it as a religious site, and others who believe it represents a scientific observatoryand also a kind of 34 computer used for working out dates. Both camps base their theories on the site’s 35 influence. The position of the stones 36 tothe sun and moon is taken as evidence of rituals linked to the changing seasons andthe summer and winter solstices (冬至和夏至).Competing to solve the 37 prehistoric puzzle is Sheffield University’sMike Parker Pearson, co-leader of the Stonehenge Riverside Project, which is partly funded by the National Geographic Society. Discoveries by the project team supported the claim that Stonehenge was a center for religious activities linked bythe River Avon and two ceremonial avenues to a matching wooden circle at nearby Durrington Walls. The two circles with their temporary and permanent structures38 , respectively, the living and the dead, according to Parker Pearson.“Stonehenge isn’t a monument in 39 ,” he says. “It is actually one of a pair—one in stone, one in wood. The theory is that Stonehenge is a kind of 40 home tothe ancestors.”31. B 32. E 33. F 34. H 35. A 36. G 37. C 38. I 39. K 40. J上海嘉定区高三英语二模A. conventionalB. tolerableC. layerD. strandedE. pileF. insightfulG. difference H. placed I. hazards J. anchor K. raysInspired by Arctic LifePolar bears are warm-blooded animals with heavy fat and fur that can survive infreezing Arctic temperatures. A team of students from the Royal Danish Academy,inspired by polar bears, designed a pop-up igloo (弹出式冰屋)—an emergency tentthat might make survival in sub-zero areas much more 31 .Led by Henry Glogau, the team said that their design canhelp those lost or 32 in extreme conditions. With littlevisibility and no phone coverage, people may face severe33 while waiting for rescue in cold polar areas. Ratherthan fight against the extreme conditions, the team looked to usethem to its advantage. “Inspired by snow caves and the34 winter-used tents, we treat snow as a buildinga pop-up igloo material rather than a burden,”the team told Vigour Timeswebsite.The pop-up igloo adopts a mylar (聚酯薄膜) material, which works similarly topolar bears’ skin.Besides their thick fat and fur, polar bears have black skinunderneath, which is ideal for absorbing 35 from the Arctic sun. In the sameway, the mylar material reflects heat into the area within the tent to keep peoplefeeling comfortable. The pop-up igloo also features an origami-like ( 像折纸的)design, which helps to trap the snow and 36 the tent. The origami pocketscreate areas where snow can 37 up on the outside. It prevents heat fromescaping from the tent, while holding the tent to the ground. This adds anotherprotective 38 to everything inside.To check its capabilities and limits, the team put the design through intensivetesting for one month in Alaska. The analysis indicates that an average 37°C39 in temperature between indoors and outdoors could be maintained. In thefuture, the pop-up igloos could be 40 along hiking routes in cold areas like theArctic, where they could be set up in seconds when needed.31-40 BDIAK JECGH上海金山区高三英语二模A. breakthroughsB. coreC. driverD. empowerE. fullyF. increasinglyG. mounting H. potential I. promoting J. seeks K. servesCompanies Help Integrate (整合) Digital Real Economies Chinese platform companies are doubling down on the most advanced digital technologies to seek new drivers in revenue ( 财政收入) growth, as the country puts greater emphasis on (31) the in-depth integration of the digital and real economies, experts and company executives said.Despite the depressing global outlook and (32) uncertainties, China’s platform economy is playing a(n) (33) vital role in boosting technological innovation and high-quality development.During an earnings conference with investors on Thursday, Zhang Yong, chairman and CEO of Alibaba Group, said that cloud computing is one of the company’s (34) strategies for the future, and Alibaba Cloud is also the foundation through which the company (35)the real economy and drives the integration of the digital and real economies.Noting that this is a critical period for technological (36) and development in cloud computing and AI, Zhang said he believed in the vast (37) of industrial digitalization and the role of cloud computing as the focus of the digital economy.Revenue in the cloud business, Alibaba’s main growth (38) besides e-commerce, reached 20.18 billion yuan during the October-December period, an increase of 3% year-on-year, mainly driven by public cloud growth.The company is making efforts to make use of digital technologies to help small and medium-sized enterprises and speed up industrial transformation (工业转型) in an effort to (39) the real economy.The tone-setting Central Economic Work Conference in mid-December said that platform companies will be supported to “(40)display their capabilities”in encouraging economic growth, job creation and international competition. The conference also emphasized the need to energetically develop the digital economy.31-40 IGFBK AHCDE上海闵行区高三英语二模A. contentB. overextendC. developD. innovateE. pursuedG. surface H. addiction I. emerge J. cloudF. topK. licensedOn TikTok, “Self-care” has 28.2 billion views, while the hashtag (主题标签) can be found on over 66 million Instagram posts. Also, books about self-care often 31 many people’s shopping lists.On the 32 , it makes complete sense. Who wouldn’t like the idea of making oneself feel better and taking care of their mind, body and soul? Yet, we have to be careful not to view self-care as a cure-all solution to our problems. Self-care 33 without awareness of your specific needs and consistent ( 一致的) evaluation can cause emotional, financial, mental and physical consequences.According to Zishan Khan, a psychologist with Mindpath Health, self-care can lead to a person becoming frustrated when met with a sea of suggestions, which 34 everywhere from podcasts to self-help books. “So,don’t allow what others suggest to 35your internal voice,” says Khan. “Self-care can only benefit a person if it’s consistent with their goals and values.”Khan further emphasizes the danger of uncontrolled physically-centered self-care advice, such as from influencers. “Their36 often overly focuses on beauty and improving one’s looks. This can unintentionally lead to body image concern and thu s actually worsen one’s mental health,” she says.Another danger can come when self-care actions reach the level of 37 , says Melissa Boudin, a psychologist of Choosing Therapy. “When you spend a large amount of time thinking about or practicing a certain self-care behavior, this may be that self-care has gone from beneficial to harmful,” she says, using the example of self-care through healthy eating and then going so far as to 38 an eating disorder.Lena Suarez-Angelino, a(n) 39 clinical social worker, has recommended creating a list of activities that make you feel better but don’t 40 you. Worthwhile and beneficial self-care may include anything from time with loved ones to walking. While self-care is important, it should not be overdone.A. abusiveB. bounds G. fantastic H.promises C.descriptionsI. settingsD. dramaticJ. trustE. emergesF.essentiallyK. unusually31. F 32. G 33. E 34. I 35. J 36. A 37. H 38. C 39. K 40. B上海市松江区高三英语二模Are You Scared of AI?A recent Monmouth University survey has found that only 9 percent of Americans believe that computers with artificial intelligence will do more good than harm to society. When the same survey was conducted 35 years ago, about one in five said AI would benefit mankind. In other words, people have less complete 31 in AI now than they did dozens of years ago, when the technology was more science fiction than reality.“It’s 32 that there is public doubt about AI. There absolutely should be,”said Meredith Broussard, an artificial intelligence researcher and professor at New York University. Most Americans 33 agree with Broussard that AI has a place in our lives, but not for everything.When asked questions about 34 in which AI might be used, most people said it was a bad idea to use AI for military aircraft that try to distinguish between enemies and civilians. Some are worried about the 35 use of AI in policing, disturbing people’s privacy. Most respondents said it was a good idea for machines to perform risky jobs such as coal mining.The term “AI” is a catch-all for everything. It can be the constant use of technology, such as our daily preference to autocomplete in web search queries (关键词). It can also be the software that 36 to predict crime before it happens. People afraid of AI may be influenced by 37 of evil computers from books and movies —like Skynet, the super-intelligent machines in “The Terminator” movies. Broussard said the ways AI can end up destroying your quality of life won’t be as 38 as murderous fictional computers.Actually, the fear of AI 39 due to the fact that we just don’t know where AI is going and how soon it will take us to get there. Technology makes surprising and unusual leaps and 40 in ways we never think it will. Anyway, whether we like it or not, artificial intelligence is here to stay.31-40 JGFIA HCDEB上海杨浦区高三英语二模Urban Trees Are Threatened by Climate Change By 2050,about three-quarters of the species will be at risk as a result of climate change, a study has found. Critics around the world may need to start planting different types of trees and shrubs that can(31)warmer and drier conditions.“By 'at risk', we mean these species might be(32) stressful climatic conditions" says Manuel Esperon-Rodriguez at Western Sydney University in Australia. “Those trees are likely to die.”City trees have many benefits, from making urban spaces look beautiful and providing a refuge for wildlife to keeping places up to 12°C cooler than they would otherwise be in summer. Losing tree (33) would lead to cities becoming even hotter as the planet heats up.To(34) the threat, Esperon Rodriguez and his colleagues used database called the Global Urban Tree Inventory to work out the conditions required by 3100 tree and shrub species currently grown in 164 cities worldwide. The researchers then looked at how these conditions would be affected by climate change under medium-emissions scenario known as RCP6.0.By 2050,76 per cent of these species will be at risk from rising (35) temperatures and 70 percent from decreasing rainfall, the team concludes.The study doesn't take account of(36) urban growth, which could warm cities even faster. Nor does it take account of greater weather (37) caused by climate change, or the effects of pests and diseases. Warmer conditions are allowing more pests, such as bark beetles, to survive winters as well as to reproduce faster in summer, greatly increasing their (38)“Our(39)have scientific basis,” says Esperon-Rodriguez. There are some things that can be done to help trees survive. The best strategy is to choose tough species when(40) trees or planting new ones, the team concludes.A. alternatives G. inconsideratelyB. assessH.potentialC. D.courageous demonstrateI. regulators J. significantE. dynamicK.unreservedlyF.generates31-35 BDJIE 36-40 KCGFA上海长宁区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Trust in your scientific instincts and never stop moving forward I’ve studied biology, biochemistry, math, and computer science, and received my Ph.D. from Cambridge University. In 2008, when I learned Philip Morris International (PMI) was building a new laboratory to 31 the products that would form part of a smoke-free future, I said, “I’m in.”Seeing the positive results from the first studies looking at the differences between cigarette smoke and aerosol (气溶胶) from our smoke-free nicotine (尼古丁) products was stimulating. There were so many positive findings, and yet we were still in the building phase. What would happen next? We had to tell ourselves to be32 : Don’t worry, just look at the data.Systems toxicology (系统毒理学) is an exciting and 33 field to work in.H o w e v e r , i t34 massive amounts of data, as it combines standard toxicology with new and diverse techniques to help give us a bigger and more detailed picture of how toxic substances affect the body. Working with such giant blocks of data is a challenge for all applications of systems toxicology, not just tobacco harm reduction. This is why we share our data and methods 35 . It is not only in our best interest to 36 openness to the world at large, but it’s also important to engage the global scientific community in order to always be moving the science forward.The 37 public health impact of science-backed smoke-free products is considerable. And while these products are not risk-free and deliver nicotine—which is addictive—the breakthrough is 38 . And I feel an enormous sense of accomplishment with what we’ve achieved so far.Of course, we still have important work to do. We will continue to provide information to 39 , scientists, public health organizations, and policymakers about the potential of smoke-free products. We will continue to share our science. And we will continue working to deliver smoke-free 40 for the world’s adult smokers who don’t quit tobacco and nicotine altogether. But this is a marathon, and we’re in this for the long term.31. B 32. C 33. E 34. F 35. K 36. D 37. H 38. J 39. I 40. A上海市黄浦区高三二模Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. automaticallyB. coexistC. conceptD. discontinuedE. discouragedF. necessarilyG. optimismH. pricedI. profit-generatingJ. promotionalK. trashAround the country, apps that connect customers to businesses with leftover food have begun to spread. The 31 is simple: Restaurants and grocery stores throw away huge amounts of food every day. Rather than 32 it, apps like Too Good To Go and Flashfood help businesses sell it at a reduced price. They claim that the businesses and buyers are helping the environment because the food would otherwise become food waste, a big contributor to climate change.In the United States, customers in 12 cities can look through restaurants and stores on Too Good To Go, then reserve “surprise bags” that typically cost about $4 to $6 and contain food t hat would have been 33 at roughly three times that amount.Several food waste experts expressed 34 that these types of apps could help limit the amount of wasted food. And even though charitable organizations often redirect unwanted food from restaurants and grocery stores to food banks and community kitchens, there’s space for all of these kinds of solutions to 35 .One complication is that, according to interviews with several companies selling on Too Good To Go, at least a few items for sale there aren’t36 what buyers might think of as “food waste.” The owner of a Baltimore dessert shop said she considered the app a(n) 37 tool to reach new customers by selling what she called “little samples.” A beer company owner said he used the app to sell 38 products, but also sold new flavors there in hopes of attracting new customers.Mr. Crummie, the Too Good To Go director, said the app 39 this type of behavior. “If somebody is paying $5, they should be receiving $15 worth of food,” he said. “So it’s not a(n) 40 platform.”31-35 CKHGB 36-40 FJDEI上海静安区高三英语二模A. disadvantageB. notablyC. energeticD. insufficientE. alternateF. evolvedG. contributionH. periodicI. withdrawalJ. coexistK. adjustedThe degree to which seasonal changes affect mood, energy, sleep, appetite, food preference, or the wish to socialize with other people has been called seasonality. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a condition where depressions in fall and winter 31 with non-depression periods in spring and summer, is the most marked form of seasonality.The typical symptoms of 32 winter depression include lowered mood, social 33, increased appetite and weight gain. Mild or no symptoms often occur in spring and summer. It is argued that such pattern of depression occurrence forms an adaptive mechanism which enhances the likelihood of reproductive success, most34for females, among populations living at temperate latitudes( 纬度). Women are more likely to become pregnant in the summer and thus to give birth at a time of year when their babies have a higher chance of survival. Low chance of summer depression also indicates35individuals and promotes healthier pregnancies, which increase the survival chances of both mothers and babies. In the modern era, it is probable that repeated winter depression is becoming a reproductive36.Several lines of evidence also suggest that genetic factors play an important role in the seasonality and SAD. Millions of years of evolution had37human biochemical systems for survival under equatorial(赤道的) environmental conditions. Modern humans began to move out of Africa only about 150,000 years ago. Little change in our ‘equatorial’systems might have been expected over this relatively short evolutionary span. And a genetic defenselessness against seasonal changes in mood and behavior is out of38adaptation to the new living conditions.Today, more studies of SAD and seasonality are receiving considerable attention. Studies on relatives of patients with SAD also suggested a familial 39 to the development of SAD. Researchers are trying to find out whether SAD and seasonality are acquired at birth as a composite entity(实体) or whether the two are separate acquired traits that happen to 40 in certain individuals.31-35 EHIBC 36-40 AKDGJ上海崇明区高三英语二模A. applications B connections C. emotions D.identifyE. interveneF. notificationsG. sacred H. shared I. specialize J. stressed K. technologicalAnimal CommunicationMany pet owners long to talk with their animals. After all, if pets were able to talk, people could take care of them more easily and have closer emotional 31 to them, so a number of companies are working on devices and apps that could translate what animals say.One such app is called MeowTalk. Using voice recognition software, this app recognizes different sounds a cat makes and offers English translations of them. For example, one type of sound might mean “feed me” while another could be translated “let me outside.” The app can use machine learning to assess its translations and improve at recognizing one particular cat’s voice. In other words, it can 32 in understanding your cat in particular. This is important because cats do not all have a(n) 33 language, but individual cats frequently use particular sounds to mean certain things.In the future, MeowTalk could connect to a smart collar that would hear the cat meow and play the translation out loud. Perhaps if the cat is outside and needs to be let in, it could even send34 to the owner’s phone.For dogs, a Japanese company called Inupathy has developed a harness (保护带) with a heart rate monitor and an app. The heart rate monitor is used to assess a dog’s 35 . This is possible because, like humans, dogs’ heart rates go up when they are excited or36 . The harness also has a light that turns red when the dog is excited, but when the dog is relaxed, the light is blue.The most obvious use of this technology is to help pet owners 37 with and provide for their pets better. The more owners know about their pets, the easier it is to meet their needs.There are other 38 of technology that help us understand animals. For example, some sheep farmers are using artificial intelligence to scan and determine if they are in pain, which helps them find out sick animals. As a result, they can 39 more quickly to treat the animal.Anyone who interacts regularly with animals could benefit from understanding their animals better. Thus these 40 developments might transform the way we interact with the creatures around us.A. headingB. incredibly G. recycled H. globalC. adaptableI. calculatedD. alternativeE. pursuitF. dumped J. precisely K. generated31-40 BIHFC JDAEK上海青浦区高三英语二模Planet PlasticHere’s a shocking statistic. Scientists have calculated the total amount of plastic ever made: 8.3 billion tonnes. Looked at another way, that’s as heavy as 25,000 Empire State Buildings or one billion elephants. And 31 , almost all of it has been made in the last 65 years.So what’s the problem? Much plastic is in the form of packaging which is used just once and then thrown away. According to a major new study from the University of California, 9% of this is32 , 12% is burned and 79% goes to landfill. And because most plastic doesn’t biodegrade (生物降解), once it’s in the ground, it stays there.It’s a situation that has led the paper’s lead author, ecologist Dr. Roland Geyer, to say that we are “rapidly33 towards ‘Planet Plastic’”. He believes that there’s already enough waste out there to cover the whole of Argentina.The team behind this report also estimate that eight million tonnes of plastic waste are34 into the sea every year. This has 35 concern that plastic is entering the food chain through fish and other sea life which consume the smaller pieces.Of cour se, the reason why there’s so much plastic around is that it’s an amazingly useful material. We can’t get enough of it. It’s durable and 36 , and is used for everything from yoghurt pots to spaceships. But it’s37 this quality that makes it a problem. The only way to destroy plastic is to heat or burn it — although this has the side effect of harmful emissions.So what’s the38other than using less plastic? Oceanographer ( 海洋学家)Dr.Erik van Sebille from Utrecht University says we’re facing a flood of plastic waste, and that the39 waste industry needs to “get its act together”.Professor Richard Thompson, a marine biologist from Plymouth University, says it’s poor design that is at fault. He says that if products are currently designed “with recyclability in mind”, they could be recycled around 20 times over.Dr. Geyer agrees: “The40 of recycling is to keep material in use and in the cycle forever if you can. But it turns out in our study that actually 90% of that material that did get recycled — which I think we calculated was 600 million tonnes — only got recycled once.”31-40 BGAFK CJDHE上海浦东新区高三英语二模A. absenceB. doubleC. extendedD. functionsE. fundF. outpacedG. prospects H. record I. shifted J. steady K. upwardJapan saw 799,728 births in 2022, the lowest number on record. That number has nearly halved in the past 40 years; by contrast, Japan recorded more than 1.5 million births in 1982. Japan also reported a (n) 31 high for post-war deaths last year, at more than 1.58 million. Deaths have 32 births in Japan for more than a decade, posing a growing problem for leaders of the world’s third-largest economy. They now face a ballooning elderly population, along with a shrinking workforce to 33 pensions and health care as demand from the aging population increased.Japan’ population has been in34 decline since its economic boom of the 1980s and stood at 125.5 million in 2021. Its death rate of 1.3 is far below the rate of 2.1 required to maintain a stable population, in the 35 of immigration.The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world ; in 2020, nearly one in 1,500 people in Japan were aged 100 or older. These concerning trends resulted in a warning from Prime minister that Japan is “on the edge of not being able to maintain social36 ” and Japan “simply cannot wait any longer” in solving the problem of its low birth rate. A new government agency will be set up to focus on the issue, with Prime Minister saying that he wants the government to 37 its spending on child-related programs.But money alone might not be able to solve the complex problem, with various social factors contributing to the low birth rate. Japan’s high cost of living, limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children, meaning fewer couples are having kids. Urban couples are also often far from 38 family in other regions, who could help provide support. In 2022, Japan was ranked one of the world’s most expensive places to raise a child. And yet, the country’s economy has slowed down since the early 1990s, meaning frustratingly low ages and little 39 mobility.The average real annual household income declined from $50,600 in 1995 to $43, 300 in 2020. Attitude toward marriage and starting families have also 40 in recent years, with more couples putting off both during the pandemic.。

2020届高三英语二模汇编——十一选十1、2020黄浦二模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.There are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate an increasing number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and ___31___ practical option for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee.Before ___32___ completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it ___33___ from where you plan to work. Also, have a(n) ___34___ plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance.The same advice applies to internet ___35___. Make sure that if the wireless internet in your home office fails, you can still connect continuously through your smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files.The ability to communicate quickly and reliably is the most priceless quality a remote employee needs to succeed. Do ___36___ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure group chat service and tools are installed and you know how to use them, and make your ___37___ known to your colleagues when you are available and working.Set ___38___ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid ___39___ unless it’s important.Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being ___40___, but it’s important to make activity a habit.【答案】31-40 CFGAD KIBHE【难度】中等2、2020普陀二模A. advancedB. automaticallyC. bayD. boostE. containedF. exposedG. interacted H. randomly I. reaction J. sprayed K. spreadChange Behavior to Prevent InfectionDuring flu season, frequent hand-washing is a must, as is avoiding co-workers or friends who are sick. But we humans are not the only animals that change behavior to keep diseases at ___31___, and so do ants.Nathalie of the University of Lausanne and her colleagues observed ants to see their ___32___ to the presence of a pathogen（病原体）. “With the nurses staying inside and taking care of the young, the worker ants are all outside of the nest to collect food and defend the territory.” Worker ants are at greater risk of getting ___33___ to diseases because they leave the safety of the nest. So the researchers ___34___ a common fungus (真菌) on a small group of worker ants and then followed their movements to see the way other ants reacted. “We marked all ants in the colony with individual labels, which is ___35___ detected and recorded using a tracking system.”After the infection, the nurse and worker ants stayed within their small group and ___36___ less outside of their work group. The researchers also saw that worker ants spent more time outside of the nest. “They increase that amount by 15 percent so by quite a long large amount.” The researchers measured the amount of fungus on each ant and saw that it was almost completely ___37___ to the worker group. Some nurse ants and the Queen only had trace amounts of fungus’ spores (孢子) on them. The study indicated that the group behavior effectively stopped the ___38___ of the fungus. Something that’s quite interesting in these ants is that the very small amount of the spores can ___39___ their natural defenses and protect them against later exposure to the same pathogen.It seems that in their ability to avoid infecting other members of the community, ants may be more ___40___ than we are.【答案】31-40 CIFJB GEKDA【难度】中等Why Humpback Whales (座头鲸) Protect Other Species from Killer Whales Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist, describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica in 2009. A group of killer whales were attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam 31toward a pair of humpbacks that had inserted themselves into the action. One of the humpbacks rolled over on its back, and the seal was 32onto its chest, between the whale’s massive flippers (鳍). “That incident 33me,” he says. “Those humpbacks were doing something we couldn’t explain.”Pitman started asking other researchers and whale watchers to send him similar 34 . Soon he was reading through observations of 115 encounters between humpbacks and killer whales, recorded over 62 years. “There are some pretty astonishing videos of humpbacks 35killer whales,” he says.In a 2016 article in Marine Mammal Science, a famous scientific journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe this behaviour and confirm that such acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing that something is happening and understanding why it’s happening are two different things. Pitman and his co-authors openly reflected on the meaning of these encounters. “Why,” they wrote, “would humpbacks 36interfere with attacking killer whales, spending time and energy on a potentially37activity, especially when the killer whales… were attacking other species of prey?”Interestingly, humpbacks don’t just hit on killer-whale attacks. They race toward them like firefighters into burning buildings. And like those rescue workers, humpbacks don’t know who is in danger until they get there. That’s because the sound that 38them to an attack isn’t the sad voice of the victim. It’s the excited calls of the killer whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one simpl e instruction: “When you hear killer whales attacking, go break it up.”I wonder what humpback whales care deeply enough about to actively swim into battle with killer whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it still comes down to selfishly 39their own kind. He believes that their occasional rescues of humpback calves (后代) create a strong enough 40for them to rush in to help, even if it means they end up saving sunfish, sea lions, dolphins every now and then.【答案】31-40 FGCHK BDEJA【难度】中等偏难4、2020杨浦二模Hunting to Farming Is Not Necessarily GoodShifting from hunting to farming made life 50 percent more difficult for humans, a study by Cambridge University suggests. Although farming (31) ________ previously wandering communities to stay put and grow, it came at a huge cost. Researcher Dr. Mark Dyble, lived with 10 Agta groups and found that those who still hunted and searched for their food spent around 20 hours working in the week to live, but those who had (32) ________ to farming needed to work 30 hours for the same amount of food.“For a long time, the shift from hunting to farming was assumed to represent progress, allowing people to (33) ________ a laborious and uncertain way of life,” said Dr. Dyble. “But as soon as researchers started working with hunter-gatherers they began (34) ________ this narrative, finding that hunters actually enjoy quite a lot of leisure time. Our data provides some of the clearest (35) ________ for this idea yet.” The researchers followed 359 people from the Agta community (36) ________ how much time they spent on leisure, childcare, domestic chores and out-of-camp work. As well as the overall difference in hours worked, the study also found that women living in the communities most involved in farming had half as much leisure time as those in communities which only hunted. Co-author, Dr. Abigail Page added: “We have to be really careful when (37) ________ from contemporary hunter-gatherers to different societies in pre-history.” But if the first farmers really did work harder than hunters then this begs an important question - why did humans adopt agriculture?Previous studies suggested the adoption of farming grew up to help cope with (38) ________ societies, although other experts claimed that it was agriculture itself that allowed sedentary(定栖的) communities to expand, and once they (39) ________ a certain size, it would have been impossible for groups to return to a hunter-gathering lifestyle, even if they had wanted to. Dr. Page says: “The amount of leisure time that Agta enjoy is evidence to the (40) ________ of the hunter-gatherer way of life. This leisure time also helps to explain how these communities manage to share so many skills and so much knowledge within lifetimes and across generations.”【答案】31-40 J G D F A I K C E B【难度】He was once the world’s fattest man weighing in at an incredible 980 pounds and consuming 20,000 calories (卡路里) a day. But it seems that after losing 672 pounds following a surgery, it’s not just Paul Mason’s health that has a more promising 31 —his weight loss may have also promoted his love life.Mr. Mason has only known his new girlfriend Rebecca for a month and the pair are yet to meet, but already the 52-year old has 32 that Rebecca is the love of his life. The pair met online last month when Rebecca saw a television 33 about Mr. Mason’s extreme fatness—the result of overeating when a previous relationship ended. She was so touched by his situation as to get in touch, keen to help Mr. Mason get the NHS (National Health Service) to pay for a second operation to 34 him of layers of extra skin.Mr. Mason said: “She didn’t really think of anything 35 at the beginning. It wasn’t until the second conversation that I realised there was more there than just friends. She felt the same and brought up the idea of us being boyfriend and girlfriend.”Mr. Mason says that he doesn’t go for looks and finds Rebecca’s 36 attitude particularly attractive. “It is her personality, her 37 and passion that has made me fall for her. We share the same ideas and interestsand she has made me look at life in a new way. For a long time I couldn’t really see light at the end of the tunnel, but since Rebecca’s been in my life I’ve got a whole new 38 of worth and excitement.”Mr. Mason 39 to his incredible size by eating ten times the amount needed by a normal man due to a compulsive eating disorder. As his weight rose sharply he was left unable to stand or walk before finally becoming bed-ridden and being looked after full time by carers.Firefighters had to knock down the front wall of his 40 home so they could use a fork lift truck to lift him out and put him into an ambulance when he needed an operation in 2002.【答案】31-40 FDAEJ IKCGH【难度】中等Your shoes are changing your feet. The ankles of people who ___31___ wear shoes are different to those of people who tend to walk barefoot. In many industrial societies, people tend to wear shoes from a young age. However, many people around the world often go barefoot, or wear only very thin footwear.“We know that there are some ___32___ in the feet of modern humans, due to the use of shoes,” says Rita Sorrentino at the University of Bologna in Italy. But most ___33___ findings relate to the front and middle of the foot. She and her team have focused on the ankle instead. They studied 142 ankle bones from 11 ___34___ from North America, Africa and Europe. These ___35___ sandal-wearing(穿凉鞋的) Nguni farmers in southern Africa, people living in New York and bones from Stone Age hunter-gatherers.The hunter-gatherers’ ankle bones were significantly shorter than those of people living in modern cities, and there were other differences in the shape. “They are mostly related to footwear-related behaviours and movement behaviours,” says Sorrentino. The hunter-gatherers walked barefoot for long distances every day over natural land. Their ankles were relatively ___36___. In contrast, people who live in big cities, who wear tight footwear and walk short distances on flat surfaces like concrete roads, had more unbending ankles.Changes to ankle bones take place over the course of a person’s life, and there is no evidence that these alterations can be passed on ___37___.According to Sorrentino, ___38___ evidence for people wearing shoes only exists for the past 10,000 years. For instance, a sandal from a Missouri cave may be 8300years old. Early shoes were all fairly soft, so wouldn’t have ___39___ the motion of the ankle much.It is an open question whether shoes have disadvantages, but Sorrentino ___40___ that the firmness of modern shoes causes our bones to become weaker and more likely to suffer from breaking.【答案】31-35 CKFED36-40 ABIGJ【难度】中等Previously, some MoD files about UFOs had been published online at the U.K. National Archives (国家档案馆) website, The Telegraph reported. However, all of the agency’s UFO reports will be ___32___ this year on “a dedicated web page,” a spokesperson for the British Royal Air Force (RAF) told The Telegraph.The decision came after PA Media, a British news agency, filed a request for the UFO files under a/an ___33___ on information, according to The Telegraph. MoD officials decided “it would be better to publish these records, rather than continue ___34___ documents to the National Archives,” the RAF spokesperson said.The U.K.’s ___35___ with UFOs began around 1950, urging the MoD to form the Flying Saucer Working Party to ___36___ the phenomenon, according to the U.K. National Archives. UFOs in the early 1950s even captured the attention of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who sent a memo to his air minister in 1952 ___37___, “What does all this stuff about flying saucers amount to? What can it mean? What is the truth?”The flying saucer group concluded that UFOs were delusions (错觉) or ___38___ objects, recommending “that no further investigation of reported mysterious phenomena in the air be ___39___.” Nevertheless, other MoD divisions continued the work of official UFO investigation in the U.K.After MoD enacted a policy change on Dec.1st, 2009, the agency no longer recorded or investigated any UFO ___40___, according to the report. But what they did find—including many recent UFO reports that were previously available only as hard copies—will be published online within the next few months, said Nick Pope, a former UFO investigator for the MoD.【答案】31-40 FAECG DIKJH【难度】中等偏难screen. However, the music kept 31 , so all as well －or so I thought.Thirty minutes later, I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was pitch-black. The next morning, I decided not to go to the phone store for 24 hours, I felt a(n) 32 sense of calm that day, which led to my not going for one week. One week ended up becoming 60 days without my smartphone.Here are three 33 I noticed and why you may want to consider a smartphone detox (戒除期) yourself:●You'll become boredWhile in line at a Starbucks, I noticed how every individual had their head down, eyes fixed on their smartphone. With nothing to distract myself with during the waiting period, I became bored, and my mind 34 through all sorts of topics.Boredom is 35 something we avoid at all costs. However, boredom is the perfect way to make a(n) 36 on a business idea or project. When you enter a state of boredom, you allow your mind to relax and escape from the realities of today to the infinite 37 of tomorrow.●You'll be able to dramatically reduce your "work" hoursA study found that adults ages 18 to 33 38 their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes.As I learned during my experiment, placing some distance between myself and my device helped me fall into deep work more easily.By not having my smartphone, my distraction time went down and thus my hours of work were spent more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found myself 39 what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day.●Your mental well-being will receive a boost (提高)Obviously, without a cellphone, I experienced a lack of 40 news and comments. While that helped cause a dramatic boost in my mental well-being, the biggest reason for it was truly connecting to people.【答案】31-40 FHCAJ DKGBI【难度】中等9、2020奉贤二模A. essentiallyB. roundC. stuckD. spiritsE. encouragingF. desperatelyG. strengths H. frustrating I. spilling J. collective K. sealedIt started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades (小夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it (31) ______ from people’s homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide (32) ______ of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe’s worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain (33) ______ under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people (34) ______ in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people’s souls, it has also demonstrated the (35) ______ of those national characters.In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring (36) ______ needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep (37) ______ up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country’s empty streets, while social media feeds fill with (38) ______, sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly (39) ______ masks have also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title “It will all be OK.”“We’re Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture,” said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way “to feel a community, and to have the (40) ______ grief.”【答案】31-40IBACG FDEKJ【难度】中等10、2020闵行二模A. labelB. bearsC. burdenedD. illustratesE. implementF. guaranteedG. presentedH. hitI. entry J. nationalized K. groundThe “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more importantly, the first postage stamp issued anywhere, ___31___ the image of Queen Victoria, but thefirst British postal service did not originate in Victorian England. In 1680, WilliamDockwra started a public service that ___32___ the quick delivery of a letter anywhere inLondon. His system was quickly ___33___ with Dockwra in charge. It was far from a perfectsystem, ___34___ with seemingly improper charges that made it unreasonably expensiveto send a letter. Worse still, recipients were expected to pay. As you might imagine, this___35___ some problems — either people weren’t home or flat-out refused to pay. The system just didn’t work, but it remained in place for far too long.About 50 years later, to do better, Rowland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and replacingthem with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender.When the post office ignored Hill’s ideas, he self-published his essay and it quickly gained ___36___ among the public. Hill was then ordered by Postmaster General Lord Lichfield to discuss postal reform and, during their subsequent meeting, the two men conceived of a gluey ___37___ that could be applied to envelopes to indicate payment. Though it had gained support with the public who longed for an affordable way to connect with distant friends and family, officials still weren’t convinced. Thankfully, Hill was far from alone in his passion for reform. He eventually earned enough support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to ___38___ his system.In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the necessary postal facility. The winning stamp ___39___ describing the young Queen’s profile came from one William Wyon, who based the design on a medal he created to celebrate her first visit to London.The “Penny Black” stamp went on sale on May 1, 1840. It was an immediate ___40___.Suddenly, the country seemed a lot smaller. The Penny Black’s design was so well received that it remained in use for forty years. 【答案】31-40. BFJCG KAEIH【难度】中等偏难Curiosity and Globalization are Driving a New Approach to Travel Today’s political climate and negative headlines seem to point towards a more inward-looking global population—minds narrowing, borders going up. But with more people living and working overseas and becoming exposed to influences from different cultures, many of us are seeking a(n) ___31___, connected world.According to the recently published study from Culture Trip, 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by the ___32___ from different cultures. As a society, we not only want to discover and experience other cultures, we want to learn from them, too. This is one of the many positive side effects of globalization. At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in a shift in values away from ___33___, with younger generations more interested in collecting experiences than possessions.Welcome to the “new culture economy”.The collision (碰碰) of two trends—globalization and the experience economy—has ___34___ a new attitude to travel, with cultural curiosity at its heart. This is the “new culture economy”. The phenomenon is having a powerful impact on people’s interactions and definitions of ___35___ exploration, and presents an incredible commercial opportunity.While globalization is usually talked about in the context of the ___36___ of trade and capital between countries, we shouldn’t forget that the ___37___ force behind it all is people. Education, travel, exposure to other customs and geographies and the cultural integration (碰碰) are the more influential social effects of globalization. People are increasingly living or working in countries other than the ones in which they were born—more than half of respondents from the study have friends living overseas, all of which has ___38___ in more interaction with global cultures.Also, student debt and unaffordable housing have created a(n)___39___ in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership. Travel is absolutely necessary to most people’s lives—in fact, nearly half of all respondents cut down on their daily expenses so they can save money to travel more. For “generation rent” in particular, no matter how expensive an experience or a trip, it is still more ___40___ than a house.【答案】31-40 FDEHB ICGJA【难度】中等China’s new e-commerce law, which was passed last August, took effect on January 1. The law comes amid the rapid development of China into the world’s largest e-commerce market.The law aims to regulate the market and create a sound (31) _________ environment. It covers the requirement for registration and licensing of e-commerce operators, taxation, electronic payment, etc. It also (32) _________ other important aspects of e-commerce, including false advertising, consumer protection, data protection, intellectual property and cybersecurity.The new law will apply to three types of operators. These include e-commerce (33) _________ operators like Taobao, third-party merchants who sell goods and services on e-commerce platforms, and online vendors (供应商) who do business via other network (34) _________, such as social media sites. It means that merchants who sell goods through non-traditional e-commerce platforms, such as WeChat, will fall under the new law. These sellers will now need to finish their business registration and pay (35) _________ taxes.The law will make all e-commerce platform operators (36) _________ responsible with the merchants for selling any fake or knock-off goods on their websites. Before the law took effect, individual merchants were solely responsible when caught selling liable (负有偿付责任的) goods.The implementation of the law may bring (37) ________ on online retail (零售) companies and merchants selling goods through social media sites. Many private shopping agents (known as daigou) are considering whether to continue the service under the new policy since it will increase the management cost and lead to a rise in the product price.But the new law does not aim to (38) _________ small to medium sized online retailer. Instead, it helps lay the legal foundation for the growth of the e-commerce business industry, (39) _________ order in the market and further promotes its growth.Besides, the law will help clean up China’s reputation as a (40) _________ source of fake or knock-off goods. In the long term, consumers will benefit from it.【答案】31-40KGJEB DCAFI【难度】中等At the Oscars, Parasite Makes Best Picture HistoryAt Sunday’s Oscars, on a night when almost everything went as planned and as usual, the one true surprise came in the biggest moment of all.For the first time ever, a film in a foreign language won Best Picture when Bong Joon-ho’s Parasite, a comedy-drama-thriller about class and secrets, took the big prize. Bong also won the awards for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay. He __31__ three warm and generous speeches, including one when he won for his directing and thanked fellow nominees (被提名的人) Martin Scorsese and Quentin Tarantino for inspiring him and contributing to the progress of his career, __32__.And, while he gave most of his speeches in Korean with interpreter Sharon Choi, when he won the first one, he stopped and noted in English: “This is very first Oscar to South Korea.” The affection in the room for the filmwas __33__ every time it was mentioned, as well as in its great competition of award.The evening began three and a half hours earlier with a(n) __34__ of the old and the new: the kind of themed singing-dancing number that used to be the __35__ Oscars opening, but in the absence of a traditional host, it was performed by the thoroughly modern Janelle Monáe. A version of her own song Come Alive was __36__ by dancers dressed in costumes showing respect to black filmmakers. The speech that followed, however, was much more __37__ and unpleasant, despite the best efforts of Chris Rock and Steve Martin, the latter of whom __38__ blew the name of best actress nominee Cynthia Erivo.The awards in general have been heavily criticized for how white the nominees are, the failure to nominate any women directors in a year when several made highly regarded films, and plenty of other lack of inclusivity. The Academy’s __39__ with that criticism seemed evident: There may not have been a lot of performers of color among the nominees, but there were a lot among the presenters and speakers and performers. Several presenters made mention of the __40__ at issue, which is the kind of thing that happens when people are placed in a situation they don’t want to ignore but also aren’t there to challenge too much.【答案】31-40 G F K A H J C B D I【难度】中等No one can be happy and cheerful forever. So it’s important they see a mental-health __31__ who can provide effective options for treatment when someone has clinical depression known as the state of feeling very sad, anxious and without hope. But there’s also a condition known as subthreshold depression in which someone __32__ some symptoms of depressive disorder, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis.It’s estimated that between 10% and 24% of the population has this kind of mild depression at some point in their lives. And for those people, a new study suggests that practicing thinking __33__ in silence may help improve their mood and reduce their risk of developing depression. The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, __34__ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.The study included 231 Chinese adults with subthreshold depression, meaning their __35__ between five and nine out of a total of 27 points on a standard depression __36__. Half received mindfulness training two hours a week for eight weeks, while the other half continued to receive their usual medical care.During the mindfulness training, participants were instructed on setting short- and long-term goals; __37__ their activity and mood; planning out their activities; and body scanning. They were asked to practice them at home at least six days a week.These techniques combine traditional deep thinking with __38__ activation, a type of therapy that uses an “outside in” approach to help people change the way they act and aims to increase rewarding experiences in their lives. It has been shown to be effective for moderate to severe depression in other studies, and the researchers wanted to know if it would work as a __39__ measure as well.At the end of those eight weeks, the group that received mindfulness training reported a significant decrease in depression and __40__ symptoms compared to the group that did not. And no participants had developed clinical depression.【答案】31-40 DHKAF BJCIE【难度】中等。

上海市部分区2024届高三二模英语试题汇编完形填空2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A cure for the future in the past?For over fifty years, the people of Britain have relied on the welfare state to make sure they have adequate health services. But now the National Health Service is sick. Government 41 and underfunding are forcing hospitals to close, and waiting lists for treatment are getting longer. Under such circumstances, it is no surprise that more people are turning to private (but expensive) healthcare.For some, however, there are 42 . They are turning their back on modern pills, tablets and resorting to other conventional medicine. It seems paradoxical, but in an age of microchips and high technology, traditional medicine, the old-fashioned cures that our grandparents relied on, is making a 43 .Consider these case studies:Maude is 76 years old and has been suffering from arthritis for almost ten years. “The pain in my joints was almost 44 , and my doctor referred me to a surgeon at the London Hospital. I was told that I needed 45 , but would need to wait for at least two years before I could have the operation. In 46 , I started having massage sessions. To my surprise, these were very therapeu tic, and while they didn’t cure the disorder, they did47 it to some extent”.Ron is 46. His high-powered city job was 48 for a series of stress-related illnesses, and the drugs he took didn’t work well on the nervous strain. “I r ead about 49 which involve the whole person rather than the individual symptoms, but I had always doubted about such kind of medicine for all diseases. However, my friend50 a dietician who told me that part of my problem was diet-related. Basically, the food I was eating was51 to my disorder. She gave me a list of foods that would provide the right vitamins and minerals to keep me in good health. At the same time, she advocated a more 52 lifestyle-running, swimming, that kind of thing. I’ m a bit of a couch potato, and this kind of lifestyle I had lived was 53 the problem. Now I feel great!”So is there still a place in our lives for modern medicine? While it is true that some infections and viruses may be 54 by turning to traditional medicine, more serious illnesses such as cancer need more extreme measures. We do need our health service at these times, and we shouldn’t stop 55 in its future. But we mustn’t forget that for some common illnesses, the cure may lie in the past.41. A. support B. restrictions C. cutbacks D. concern42. A. programs B. alternatives C. measures D. scales43. A. comeback B. living C. change D. mess44. A. unique B. uncertain C. universal D. unbearable45. A. permission B. surgery C. supervision D. strength46. A. condition B. desperation C. general D. particular47.A. protect B. recover C. relieve D. treat48.A. eager B. grateful C. famous D. responsible49. A. treatments B. sources C. spirits D. comments50. A. supervised B. declared C. recommended D. tempted51. A. contributing B. adapting C. subjecting D. objecting52. A. moderate B. active C. negative D. suitable53. A. identifying B. investigating C. estimating D. worsening54. A. prevented B. empowered C. indicated D. restored55. A. undertaking B. invading C. investing D. evolving2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant Group, is allocating more resources to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure foreigners in China can use mobile payments without any hurdles.Alipay's move comes amid China's intensified efforts to further improve foreigners' payment (41) _______ in the country.Alipay has allowed foreigners in China to link their (42) _______ bank cards, including Visa and Mastercard, to its mobile payment tool, greatly streamlining(精简) the payment processes, said Zhu Xugang, director of the cross-border business at Ant Group.Users of 10 overseas e-wallets are also able to use their familiar home e-wallets on their own phones by (43) _______ Alipay QR codes, to enjoy seamless mobile payment experiences across Alipay's vast merchant network.According to Alipay, foreigners can use the app to complete payments at restaurants, hotels, scenic spots, convenience stores and supermarkets, as well as for ride-hailing, shared bikes, buses and other public (44) _______ services in China. The newly (45) _______ multilingual app includes English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian and Japanese.The mobile payment app has also (46) _______ the single transaction(交易)limit for overseas travelers using mobile payments from $1,000 to $5,000 and lifted the annual cumulative transaction limit from $10,000 to $50,000.The State Council, China's Cabinet, published a guideline on improving payment services and (47) _______ payment convenience in early March, a move to better meet the (48) _______ payment needs of the elderly and foreign visitors.Last week, the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, (49) _______ a payment guide that provides foreigners with text and graphic (50) _______ on using bank cards, cash, mobile payments and e-CNY in China, the latest step in the country's push to optimize the payment experience for foreigners.Wang Pengbo, a senior analyst at market consultancy Botong Analysys, said the intensified efforts to provide convenient payment services will not only (51) _______ improve the living and consumption experience of foreigners in China and attract more of them to the country, but also promote the healthy and sustainable development of the payment (52) _______.Wang said the move demonstrates the country's resolve to expand high-standard opening-up, (53) _______ the online payment scenarios of Alipay are wide enough, with high usage frequency. So, what it should do now is to expand the scope of foreign bank card binding and improve and simplify authentication of new users, to provide more convenient payment services to foreigners.Meanwhile, Chinese banks are taking measures to expand the (54) _______ of overseas bank cards and facilitate their use of cash in the country.Dong said more efforts are needed to expand the scenarios of various types of payment methods at tourist attractions, sporting events, transportation hubs, healthcare and beauty centers and other daily (55) _______ sites.41.A. expectations B. memorizations C. experiences D. durations42.A. international B. domestic C. interior D. commercial43.A. copying B. photographing C. sharing D. scanning44.A. transportation B. security C. education D. maintenance45.A. evolved B. launched C. specialized D. simplified46.A. decreased B. restricted C. suspended D. raised47.A. implementing B. enhancing C. administrating D. subscribing48.A. diversified B. facilitated C. digitalized D. conflicted49.A. purchased B. authorized C. released D. commercialized50.A. designs B. illustrations C. instructions D. imagery51.A. significantly B. artificially C. individually D. frequently52.A. gateway B. industry C. deadline D. term53.A. developing B. monitoring C. securing D. adding54.A. recognition B. acceptance C. regulation D. policy55.A. construction B. application C. production D. consumption2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In Favour of Simple WritingDo you edit text messages carefully before sending them? If so, you may be the kind of person who takes pride in 41 even the simplest message. If you do not, you may see yourself as a go-getter, one who values excitement and speed over42 : get it done decently now rather than perfectly later.People are constantly receiving messages, from the mailbox to the inbox to the text-message alert. What to read, what to skim (略读) and what to ignore are decisions that nearly everyone has to make dozens of times a day.A new book titled All Readers are Busy Nowadays makes the argument for being the careful kind of 43 , even in informal lines. The authors also present well-established 44 that have long been prized in guides to writing.Take “less is more”. Most books on writing well advocate the advice to 45 needless words. The authors, however, have 46 the idea. In an email to thousands of school-board members asking them to take a survey, cutting the count from 127 to 49 words almost 47the response rate.Keeping messages to a 48 idea—or as few as absolutely needed—helps ensure that they will be read, remembered and acted on. 49 the number of the available options has the same effect, too. A link in an email, 50 , attracted 50% more clicks when presented alone than when it was sent alongside a second additional link.Syntax (句法) and 51 matter, too. It is more 52 to adopt short and active sentences, with common words familiar to everyone. From Facebook posts to online-travel reviews, even brief, informal pieces of writing that follow these rules get more likes and shares.If everyone is a busy reader, everyone is a busy writer, too. That may make it tempting to sent as many messages as 53 as possible and hope for the best. But from essays to text messages organizing dinner plans, devoting time to the needs of readers has provable 54 . If you are so busy that you write an undisciplined message which readers scan, ignore and delete, then you might as well have not 55 it at all.41.A. conveying B. understanding C. crafting D. sending42.A. care B. quantity C. simplicity D. technology43.A. reader B. poster C. learner D. writer44.A. structures B. principles C. aims D. alternatives45.A. remove B. ignore C. reconsider D. interpret46.A. conveyed B. translated C. tested D. shaped47.A. lowered B. affected C. doubled D. maintained48.A. basic B. positive C. definite D. single49.A. Recording B. Reducing C. Counting D. Estimating50.A. in comparison B. after all C. for instance D. in particular51.A. word-choice B. pattern-design C. target-setting D. platform-selection52.A. difficult B. suitable C. challenging D. common53.A. carefully B. often C. politely D. quickly54.A. outcomes B. points C. figures D. benefits55.A. received B. written C. read D. answered2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.City air is in a sorry state. It is dirty and hot. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2m people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac, meanwhile, absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also __41__ plants which would otherwise cool things down by evaporative transpiration（蒸腾作用）. The never-ceasing __42__ of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.A possible answer to the twin problems of pollution and heat is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants and they certainly __43__ tiny particles floating in the air, which are then washed to the ground by rain. Besides transpiration, they provide __44__.To cool an area effectively, trees must be planted in quantity. Two years ago, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree __45__ to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities —and especially not those now springing up in the world’s poor and middle-income countries — are __46__ with parks, private gardens or a sufficient number of street trees. And the problem is likely to get worse. At the moment, 55% of people live in cities. By 2050 that share is expected to reach 68%.One group of botanists believe they have at least a partial __47__ to this lack of urban vegetation. It is to plant miniature simulacra（模拟物）of natural forests, ecologically engineered for rapid growth. Over the course of a career that began in the 1950s, their leader, Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yokohama National University in Japan, has developed a way to do this starting with even the most __48__ deserted areas. And the Miyawaki method is finding increasing __49__ around the world.Dr Miyawaki’s insight was to deconstruct and rebui ld the process of ecological succession, by which __50__ land develops naturally into mature forest. Usually, the first arrival is grass, followed by small trees and, finally, larger ones. The Miyawaki method __51__ some of the early phases and jumps directly to planting the kinds of species found in a mature wood.Dr Miyawaki has __52__ the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Wherever they are planting, though, gardeners are not restrict ed to __53__ nature’s recipe book to the letter. Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements. A popular choice, __54__, is to include more fruit trees than a natural forest might support, thus creating an orchard that requires no maintenance.If your goal is to better your __55__ surroundings, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr Miyawaki might well be your man.41. A. thrive B. nourish C. displace D. raise42. A. assessment B. maintenance C. spread D. replacement43. A. release B. trap C. reflect D. dissolve44. A. attraction B. shadow C. interaction D. shade45. A. consumption B. coverage C. interval D. conservation46. A. blessed B. lined C. piled D. fascinated47. A. treatment B. obstacle C. warning D. solution48. A. unnoticed B. unpromising C. untested D. unfading49. A. criticism B. favor C. sponsor D. anxiety50. A. bare B. graceful C. faint D. mysterious51. A. highlights B. skips C. improves D. pushes52. A. accessed B. spotted C. supervised D. ranked53. A. disturbing B. balancing C. following D. reducing54. A. for example B. in essence C. on the other hand D. after all55. A. suburban B. leisure C. scenic D. immediate2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Anyone who has ever witnessed the miracle in which infants progress from mewling to “Mama” to “Mine!” knows how critical it is for youngsters to hear normally before they speak their first words. __41__, many children who don’t talk by age two turn out to be deaf. The sooner their disability is discovered and __42__, the less likely they are to fall behind in the development of important language and social skills. That is why a growing number of hearing specialists (audiologists) and parents are campaigning for __43__ screening of newborns for hearing loss.Their __44__ has registered in some powerful ears. To date, 22 states have passed legislation requiring at least partial screening programs. Part of the push stems from __45__ in technology that, among other things, allow children as young as two months to be __46__ hearing aids. But there are limits to the technology. One thing parents should realize before they start is that the screening tests are far from __47__. A bad result doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem.Audiologists estimate that 3 out of every 1,000 babies are born with some kind of hearing loss. Of those three infants, one is profoundly deaf. About half the time, doctors can identify a possible cause, such as a birth weight less than 5 pounds, or a family history of __48__. The rest of the time there is simply no __49__ as to why a newborn’s hearing may have been affected.The screening tests work by introducing a sound into a baby’s ear and then measuring either the __50__ of the ear’s i nternal mechanisms or the electrical activity of the auditory portion of the brain (the auditory brain-stem response test). Just because a baby fails either test, __51__, does not mean that there is a hearing problem. A temporary buildup of fluid in the ear canal or excessive noise in the nursery can __52__ the results. For this reason, experts say, hospitals should __53__ the screening tests for any baby who doesn’t pass the first time before telling the parents to consult an audiologist for more thorough testing.It is at this stage that things get a bit __54__. Though 20 of every 1,000 babies fail the two-step screen, most prove on further examination to be just fine. Is it worth __55__ 17 families of perfectly normal children - not to mention asking them to spend several hundred dollars on advanced tests - to identify three infants with hearing loss?41. A. Indeed B. Meanwhile C. Occasionally D. Surprisingly42. A. reported B. accepted C. treated D. tested43. A. legal B. random C. further D. compulsory44. A. charge B. complaint C. appeal D. pursuit45. A. procedures B. advances C. practices D. insights46. A. fitted with B. provided with C. entitled to D. attached to47. A. reasonable B. imaginable C. reliable D. predictable48. A. disorder B. blindness C. obesity D. deafness49. A. solution B. clue C. reflection D. doubt50. A. response B. volume C. capacity D. activity51. A. however B. therefore C. for example D. after all52. A. prove B. produce C. match D. affect53. A. stop B. review C. repeat D. improve54. A. shocking B. distracting C. unpredictable D. complicated55. A. worrying B. classifying C. engaging D. prompting参考答案2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷41-45 C B A D B 46-50 B C D A C 51-55 A B D A C2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题41-45 CADAB 46-50 DBACC 51-55 ABDBD2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49.B 50. C 51.A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. B2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题41-45 CCBDB 46-50 ADBBA 51-55 BCCAD2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题41-45 ACDCB 46-50 ACDBA 51-55 ADCDA。

上海市2021-2022学年高三英语二模十一选十汇编（16区全）2021-2022学年金山区二模Plastic “Food” Endangering TurtlesEndangered green turtles are confusing plastic for food, according to scientists. Sea turtles mostly find their food visually, by 31 the color and shape of an object to work out if it is edible. Some of their favorite foods look like plastic.Emily Duncan, a postdoctoral researcher in marine conservation commented in a statement: “The 32 of this plastic might include things like black trash bags.”Researchers studied 34 turtles who had washed up on the beaches of on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, and found they were 33 to pieces of plastic which looked like sheets or threads, and were black, clear or green. The team were able to look at the gastrointestinal tracts (胃肠道) of 19 turtles. All of them had eaten plastic, 34 from 3 to 183 pieces in total.Smaller turtles had eaten more plastic than bigger animals. That could be because of their naivety. The team concluded that green turtles, 35 younger individuals, who feed in the coastal waters of Cyprus, regularly 36 and eat plastic so much that the vast majority of animals contain some plastic in their gastrointestinal tracts at the time of their death.The findings 37 past studies which show other species of turtle get mixed up between food and waste.The problem doesn’t just affect green turtles. Extremely high 38 of plastic are found in oceans across the world, leading to all sea turtles, at least 36 percent of sea birds, and many fish species being found to have taken in plastic waste.Professor Brendan Godley, who leads the Exeter Marine research strategy at the University of Exeter and co-authored the work, commented: “Research like this helpsus understand what sea turtles are eating, and whether certain kinds of plastic are being 39 mo re than others.”It’s important to know what kinds of plastic might be a particular problem, as well as highlighting issues that can help 40 people to continue to work on reducing overall plastic consumption and pollution.2021-2022学年浦东新区二模Disrupted Schooling Spells Worse Results and Deeper Inequality The first meeting between teachers in Montpelier, Vermont, before the start of the autumn term is usually festive — 31 over breakfast and coffee. This year they had to make do with an online video conference. After a scramble in the spring (to set up online learning, pack lunches for poor pupils who relied on them and 32 computers to those without them), the district plans to let younger pupils return for in-person learning on September 8th. High school will remain partly online because the building is too small to allow enough room in between. The young pupils who can return will need to wear masks, keep their social 33and have temperature checks before entering school buses or buildings. Setting up these protocols took many 60-hour weeks over the summer holidays, says Libby Bonesteel, the superintendent.Of the 50 largest school districts in America, 35 plan to start the coming term entirely 34 . The opportunity to control the virus over the summer has been lost, upending(颠覆) plans for “hybrid” education (part-time in-person instruction). This means more than just child-care35 for parents. The continued disruption to schooling will probably spell permanent learning loss, 36 hurting poorer pupils.“Achievement37 will become great achievement differences,” warns Robin Lake, director of the Centre on Reinventing Public Education, a research group. Analysts at McKinsey, a consultancy, think that the 38 American pupil would suffer 6.8 months of learning loss if in-person instruction does not39 until January 2021 (which looks possible). This would fall heaviest on black pupils, who would lose over ten months’ 40 of instruction, and poor ones, who would fall behind by more than a year. Most likely, there could be 648,000 more high-school dropouts.2021-2022学年青浦区二模New Effort To Clean Up Space Junk Reaches Orbit (轨道)A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris(碎片) was launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will 31________ technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for 32________ life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.The spacecraft works by attempting to -attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward Earth to burn up in the 33________.The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process 34________ over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite’s ability to track down and remove with its target in varying levels of 35________.Space junk has been a growing problem for years as human-made objects such asold satellites and spacecraft parts build up in low Earth orbit until they 36________, deorbit, explode or crash with other objects, breaking into smaller pieces of waste.According to a recent report by NASA, at least 26,000 of the millions of pieces of space junk are orbiting along at 17,500 mph, they could “destroy a satellite on impact”. More than 500,000 pieces are a “mission-ending threat” because of their ability to impact 37________ systems, fuel tanks and spacecraft cabins.The development of other cleanup technologies has been in progress for years. In 2016, Japan’s space agency sent a 700-meter chain into space to try to slow down and 38________ space junk. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a copy satellite.The European Space Agency also plans to send a(n) 39________ robot into orbit in 2025, which the organization’s former director general has referred to as a space “vacuum cleaner”.These efforts could prove 40________ important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to disorder low Earth orbit with a huge number of satellites.2021-2022学年宝山区二模Embrace the rule of awkward silenceThe rule of awkward silence is simple: When faced with a challenging question, instead of answering, pause and think deeply about how you want to answer. This is no short pause; rather, it involves taking several seconds (10, 20 or longer) to think things through before ____31____ .At Apple, Tim Cook has engaged in the ____32____ for years. Back in 2008, a Fortune article said that in meetings, Cook was "known for long, ____33____ pauses, when all you hear is the sound of his tearing the wrapper of the energy bars he constantly eats."Cook isn't alone in embracing the rule of awkward silence. Steve Jobs once took almost 20 seconds to respond to a personal attack, ____34____ a perfect response.The rule of awkward silence has always been valuable as a tool of emotional intelligence because it allows you to ____35____ thought and emotion instead of simply reacting based on feeling.Why the rule of awkward silence is more valuable than ever.We live in a world that ____36____ instant satisfaction. Emails should be answered on the same day. Text messages should be answered right now. But there's a major problem with all of this immediate communication: It doesn't leave time to think.As in, think ____37____.Critical thinking calls for deep and careful consideration of a subject. It involves weighing and analyzing facts, and careful ____38____. And it results in making insightful connections.None of this is possible without time.And time has become the biggest luxury on the planet.But when you embrace the rule of awkward silence, you steal back time. Time that used to be wasted on ____39____ answers.So, the next time someone asks you a challenging question, or even what seems on the surface to be a simple one, resist the ____40____ to respond with the first thing that comes to mind.Instead, embrace the rule of awkward silence, and think before you speak.2021-2022学年崇明区二模A. vacantB. raisedC. acknowledgesD. quotedE. alertsF. colonialG. housedH. formerI. recommendations J. requests K. reviewsMuseums Rethink What to Do with Their African Art CollectionsRecently, a discussion is happening in museums around the world over the volume of African art in their collections. Officials in Germany and the Netherlands have announced plans to return art and artifacts (j£W) taken from Africa during the 31________ period. And more museum staff are meeting on the topic across Europe.According to the most commonly 32________ figures from UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 90% to 95% of sub-Saharan cultural artifacts are 33________ outside Africa. Many were taken by force long ago and ended up in museums across Europe and North America.At the Africa Museum in Belgium, director Guido Gryseels says 85 percent of the museum’s collection comes from the Congo — the site of Belgium’s 34________ colony in Central Africa. For decades, Congolese leaders have asked for these objects to be returned. Most of their 35________ and those by African countries to other museums, have been refused.But recent events in Europe have 36________ the possibility of returns at a much larger scale. In addition to the plans announced in Germany, last year France conducted a study of how much African art French museums are holding and made 37________ about what to do with itThe study recommended the return of a wide range of objects taken by force. The suggestion got mixed 38________ in France, where there are at least 90,000 African items in museums.In France, some people have suggested returns could leave shelves 39________ in French museums. Gdeile Fromont, a French historian of Central African art, says that’s not going to happen. One way of thinking about it, she says, is that more African art can go on display.However, Guido Gryseels of the Africa Museum in Belgium 40________ that attitudes are changing. He says he’s in discussion with the Congo to return works.2021-2022学年奉贤区二模A. outdatedB. polishC. strugglingD. historicallyE. exchangeF. promotionalG. stylizedH. floodsI. witnesses J. interchangeably K. decliningWhy Dutch Officials Want You to Forget the Country of Holland The Dutch nation has long been dealing with its identity crisis. For decades, the government used “Holland” and “the Netherlands” 31________ to describe the country known for its iconic canals, tulip (郁金香) fields and windmills. But starting from Jan. 1, all official government communications and 32________ materials will use the Netherlands as its name.The government has been working on a campaign that might 33________ the country’s image in the face of growing international competition for the past 18 months, said Ingrid de Beer, the head of the public diplomacy section in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “Our international image faces some challenges,” she said. Research showed that many people do not know of the Netherlands or have 34________ concepts of the country. Young people, particularly those in countries farther away, are unfamiliar with the country.The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 12 provinces, two of which — Noord (North) Holland and Zuid (South) Holland — make up Holland. Amsterdam, which 35________ about 19 million travellers annually, and Keukenhof, one of the world’s largest flower gardens and a popular attraction, are both in the Holland region.The country’s tourism board, 36________ to handle millions of tourists, stopped promoting its most famous attractions in favor of trying to encourage travellers to go to lesser-known destinations, according to a 2019 report. By 2030, the report predicted, the Netherlands could see 37________ of up to 42 million tourists — an enormous number for a country of 17 million.The region of Holland has 38________ contributed the most to the country’s economy and wealth, resulting in its name commonly being used to indicate the entire country.But not anymore, the Dutch government insists. “We are fully aware thatinternationally, a strong image of the Netherlands contributes to achieving political objectives, promoting trade, attracting talent, investment and tourists and encouraging cultural and scientific 39________,” Ms. de Beer said.Part of the campaign includes an updated logo, a “NL” 40________ to look like an orange tulip, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The logo replaces the “Holland tulip,” which was created by the tourism board 25 years ago and used to promote the country.2021-2022学年虹口区二模Will a Robot Really Take Your Job?It is one of the most widely quoted data of recent years. No report or conference presentation on the future of work is complete without it. It has been pointed to as evidence of a(n) __31__ jobs disaster by think-tanks and government agencies. The finding that 47 percent of American jobs are at high risk of being __32__ by the mid-2030s comes from a paper written by two Oxford academics, Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne. It has since been __33__in more than 4,000 other academic articles. Such misunderstandings reflect the polarized(两极分化的) debate __34__ the nature of automation and the future of jobs.At one extreme are the negativists. They warn of mass technological __35__ just around the corner. One advocate of this position, Martin Ford, has written two best-selling books on the dangers of unemployment caused by automation. He worries that middle-class jobs will disappear, economic __36__ will cease, and the richest people in a country could “shut themselves away in gated communities, perhaps guarded by self-directed military robots and drones.”The __37__ masses will live on a universal basic income.At the positive end of the debate, classical economists argue that in the past, new technology has always ended up creating more jobs than it has destroyed. It was several decades before industrialization led to __38__ higher wages for British workers in the early 1800s. While automation is likely to increase__39__in the short run by pushing some people into lower-paid jobs, it eventually increases the overall size of the economic pie.Frey is often __40__ to be in the first camp. His paper simply wanted to point out that 47 percent of the current jobs in America were more likely to be affected by automation. It got more attention than they would ever have expected. In part, this is because fear sells, particularly when it is stirred up by a misunderstanding.2021-2022学年黄浦区二模Would you wear a computer under your skin?Forget smartphones and smart glasses. One day, we might have smart tattoos, body modifications. The company NewDealDesign came up with an idea for a product called UnderSkin. The device would look like a pair of tattoos on your arms and the side of your thumb, but it would actually be a very thin computer implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your body’s energy, and you could use it to unlock doors, 31 your health, exchange and store information, or even express your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea — you can’t go out and get one — but the technology exists to make it work. “We 32 it is about five years from being real,” says designer Gadi Amit.Writer and technology initiator Amal Graffstra already has a chip called a radio-frequency 33 tag implanted in his hand. “I use it to log into my computer.I also use it to share contact details with people,” he says. The chip is about the size ofa grain of rice and responds to radio 34 with a unique number for recognition.If a computerized tattoo or 35 tag isn’t crazy enough for you, what about a brain chip? The company Intel is working on technology that would let you control your devices with your mind. Dean Pomerleau, one of the researchers, explains, “We’re trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves…. Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your 36 .”Do you think these chips sound frightening or cool? Some doctors are 37 about people hurting themselves while getting devices implanted. They argue that medical 38 are meant to heal sick people, and not to give healthy people special powers. Others worry about hacking and 39 . Could someone hack in and steal your identity, or even control your mind? On a more 40 level, if you have a computer inside your body, are you still human? Or are you a cyborg, a being that is part human and part machine, or a machine that looks like a human being?What do you think — would you want a computer under your skin?2021-2022学年嘉定区二模A. leaveB. signalC. briefD. interruptionE. markingF. indicatedG. practiceH. restingI. unified J. struggling K. temporaryWhat Is a Paragraph Break?It is one of the most important punctuation marks. A paragraph break is an indentation(缩进) or a single line space 31________ the division between one paragraph and the next in a body of text. Generally, paragraph breaks serve to 32________ the transition from one idea to another in a stretch of text, and from one speaker to another in an exchange of dialogue.Few readers would think of the paragraph break as a punctuation mark, but it certainly is. In ancient times there were no paragraphs. Sentences simply flowed into one another without 33________. During medieval (中世纪) times, the mark evolved into the paragraph symbol [¶] and eventually became the modern-day paragraph break, which is 34________ now only by a line break or indentation.Today, the paragraph break is used to give readers a break. The art of creating paragraphs is called paragraphing, the 35________ of dividing a text into paragraphs. Paragraphing is a kindness to your reader because it divides your thinking into manageable bites. Paragraphs that are too long 36________ readers with dense blocks of text to read through, while more frequent paragraphing provides readers with convenient 37________ points at which to take a break and relaunch themselves into thinking.To fully understand when to insert a paragraph break, it’s helpful to know that a paragraph is a group of closely related sentences that develop a central idea. Therefore, each paragraph discusses one 38________ topic. Also, a paragraph break is employed before each new topic is introduced. In this way, the writing will flow, and readers will be able to proceed through the writing in a logical fashion instead of 39________ all the way to get to the last line.Paragraphs used to be longer, but with the development of the Internet, which gives readers access to literally millions of sources of information, paragraphs have become increasingly 40________. The style for many websites, for example, uses paragraphs no more than two to three sentences.2021-2022学年静安区二模As colleges and universities nationwide revealed their admission decisions, news broke of a dramatic decline in acceptance rates—and not just at Ivy League schools. The shift meant that many high school students who pinned all their hopes on particular dream schools might find themselves 31________ with real disappointment.Why were admissions so low these years? It’s a number game. These years, colleges saw the number of applicants soar to record-high levels. But considering32________ budgets, the number of spots colleges could offer had to be 33________. As a result, both state schools and private colleges kept seeing their acceptance rates fall rapidly.It’s not that most students won’t get into colleges at all. Instead, there are more than enough spots nationwide for every qualified applicant to find a place for study. But for many, the school they end up enrolling in may not have been their first, or even third choice. The 34________ strike of rejection, in some cases, could be heartbreaking. These are kids who are used to being the best of the best.But some of the pressure is 35________, without excuses, by students themselves, according to Laurence Steinberg, professor of Psychology. He thinks that Americans fall 36________ to their own addiction to school rankings and fame. Students and their parents have formed strong commitments to particular schools long before admission decisions are made. “When they are rejected, it’s like being rejected by a boyfriend or girlfriend,” Steinberg says. “They 37________ it: What’s the matter with me? What could I have done differently?”That emotional 38________ is often only about what school name students will paste on their parents’ cars but it may also lead to families’ 39________ of what may actually be the suitable school for the students.Actually, painful as the rejection is, in the long run, getting into a high-ranking university doesn’t necessarily mean competitive 40________ in terms of job prospects and earnings. A research shows that many students rejected by highly selective schools earn as much as Ivy League graduates. What really matters is how seriously students take their studies.2021-2022学年闵行区二模Celebrity (名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity 31 to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almostabandoned the 32 of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market 33 , moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past, they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy 34 fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they try to 35 their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer 36 . No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the 37 attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep is likely to38 to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s(自我的) potential for expansion is 39 . Having already achieved great wealth and public 40 , many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.2021-2022学年普陀区二模Spain Looks to Chinese TravelersSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-end market, according to the president of the Spain-China Tourism Association.“It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the all-included (31). They enjoy good food, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Rafael Cascales in a recent (32) with Xinhua.The Spanish business leader described the (33)Chinese tourists as being younger, more international, and perhaps including more women. "They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The(34) large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,"he said.Speaking of the (35) pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, the Tourism Association president said, “The money they spend is (36) better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another."In his eyes, “Chinese tourists arc very important because they (37) two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries."5They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to (38) with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors in 2017, 700,000 of them from China, anumber which the United Nations World Tourism Organization(39) will rise to about 1 million by 2021."We are ready; we have the infrastructure (基础设施)at every level, (40)in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them," Cascales noted.2021-2022学年松江区二模New York and New TaxAccording to a Manhattan Institute survey, more than half of high-earning New Yorkers are working entirely from home and 44% are considering leaving the city. Ned Lamont, Connecticut’s governor, has said “the old idea of the commuter (通勤者) going into New York City five days a week may be outdated.” It does seem 31________ that the tens of thousands commuting from Mr. Lamont’s state will continue to do so. The region’s governors have 32________ well together to deal with the pandemic (流行病), but the friendliness may soon end over taxes.When people from 33________ states like New Jersey and Connecticut commute to New York to work for a New York-based employer, they must pay New York tax on the related earned income. Even those who work from home must pay New York taxes unless the employee is working outside New York by 34________.Taxpayers and those states are looking closely at this loophole(漏洞). In December, Connecticut and New Jersey applied to the Supreme Court to consider a case which 35________ a state’s authority to tax non-residents’ income while they are working remotely. They think this is definitely a(n) 36________ to the city’s finances. “Firms have considered leaving the city before, and employees are gradually accepting the idea. They have been working remotely for almost ten months and they’ve 37________ to that idea.”Companies are also watching the progression of the Billionaire Mark to Market Tax Act, which would treat capital 38________ from billionaires’ property as taxable income. New York’s Democratic governor said he would reject any laws 39________ heavy taxes on the rich, because it would drive out wealthy, mobile residents. It would not take too many moving trucks for the city to feel the economic loss, says Michael Hendrix. A 5% 40________ of New Yorkers making about $10,000 would result in an annual loss of $933m—roughly the amount distributed to the city’s health department.2021-2022学年徐汇区二模Ocean plastic has become a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to (31) _______ the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.Research published in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers (32) _______ dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized (33) _______ and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will (34) _______ its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans (35) _______.Renew Oceans is part of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry,。

1.2024届上海市宝山区高三英语二模专题汇编：十一选十(小猫钓鱼) F.costly A.processG.crucial B.impacting H.highly C.appearance I.legal D.linked J.pause E.assessmentK.marketed Tobacco use and its negative impacts on health have been well-documented for decades.Traditional tobacco products,such as cigarettes,have been 31to a wide range of health problems,including cancer,heart disease,respiratory (呼吸的)disorders and others.According to a survey,78.3percent of smokers start smoking before age 20.Taiwan Province of China has raised the 32smoking age to 20or above.By instituting this change,they hope to reduce the number of young people taking up the habit.Despite being 33as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes,heated tobacco products (HTPs)are stillconsidered tobacco.As such,they pose significant dangers to human health.The heating 34used in these products35addictive releases harmful chemicals and poisons,including tar (焦油),carbon monoxide and nicotine,a(n)substance.HTPs are packaged to appeal to young people who perceive them as safer than smoking.To prevent young people from experimenting with HTPs and36their health,Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of tobacco product by adding a health risk 37review mechanism.Only products that pass the review process are allowed to be manufactured,imported and sold to consumers.The innumerable downsides to smoking should give smokers 38and encourage them to quit.Quitting tobacco improves your health and reduces your risk of various diseases,including cancer,heart disease,and breathing problems.Quitting smoking can also improve your 39.Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth.Quitting can lead tohealthier skin,whiter teeth and fresher breath.Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and smell.By stopping tobaccouse,your senses recover,leading to enhanced enjoyment of food and beverages.Unfortunately,quitting tobacco isn't easy.Most people will also encounter numerous challenges including nicotine withdrawal and symptoms such as eagerness,irritability (易怒)and difficulty concentrating.Supportive social for overcoming these things and living a smoke-freeenvironments,coping strategies and professional help are40 life.答案：31.D 32.I 33.K 34.A 35.H 36.B 37.E 38.J 39.C 40.G上海市2024年高三英语二模专题汇编：十一选十(小猫钓鱼)A.activateB.amountedparedD.energeticE.guidelinesF.identif yG.image H.influenced I.respects J.review K.substantialExercise Can Help Prevent Depression,Study FindsHow often do you exercise?A new31from researchers at the University of Cambridge shows that those who exercise are less likely to develop depression,even if they exercise less than the recommended amount.The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults engage in2.5to5hours of moderate activity per week or one hour and15minutes to2.5hours of32aerobic(有氧的)exercise per week or some combination of the two.Adults who took a walk for what33to2.5hours per week were less likely to develop depression than those who didn’t exercise at all,the study found.But even those who exercised less felt better than those who didn’t exercise at all,according to researchers.“In this study,a relatively small amount of physical activity were associated with a(n)34 decrease in risks of depression,”the study says.The researchers analyzed15studies with nearly200,000participants. Those who did about half the recommended amount of physical activity per week had an18%lower risk of depression 35with adults who did not exercise,the study says.Participants who exercised the recommended amount had a 25%lower risk of depression than those who did not.Exercising more than the recommended amount hardly36 depression risk,according to researchers.Many37of exercise can lead to improved mental health.For example,working out can increase circulation (血液循环)to the brain and38the central nervous system,leading to what many refer to as a“runners high,”the study says.More exercise can also lead to improved physical health and a better body39,which can cause a person to be more social,researchers say.Nearly5%of adults in the U.S.report regular feelings of depression,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Among the study participants,researchers estimate that1in every9cases of depression might have been prevented had everyone met recommended exercise40,the study says.答案：31.J32.D33.B34.K35.C36.H37.I38.A39.G40.EA.floode dB.leapsC.increasinglybinesE.reflectsF.emphasizingG.pioneering H.crafted I.technical J.unexpectedly K.classicChinese animations(动画)are boomingThe“Black Cat Detective”,released40years ago,was a childhood favorite for many Chinese.Since then,Chinese cartoons have come a long way.While“Black Cat Detective”was simply drawn,current cartoons feature_____31_____ advances and fascinating plots.One example is“Boonie Bears:Time Twist”,a family-friendly adventure released in February,with smooth animation reminding us of Pixar,a_____32_____animation studio now owned by Disney.These recent_____33_____in quality have enabled Chinese cartoons to succeed at the domestic box office.“Ne Zha:Birth of the Demon Child”was the most well-received film in China in2019,_____34_____beating out“Avengers: Endgame”,a superhero movie by Marvel Studios.In the1960s,China’s animation industry saw a big downturn as American and Japanese films_____35_____into the Chinese market,dominating both domestic television and cinema screens.As a result,Chinese animators _____36_____began to work for western studios.However,things changed in2015with the release of“Monkey King: Hero is Back”,a breakthrough for Chinese animation.This film,based on the timeless_____37_____“Journey to the West”,signaled a new era of creativity and success in the industry.The main character,the Monkey King,is depicted(刻画)as going through a mid-life crisis,which_____38_____the director’s view that cartoons are not just for children.Light Chaser Animation,a Beijing-based studio,has contributed to the popularity of cartoons in China.Its production“30,000Miles from Chang’an”_____39_____elements of Chinese culture,history,and legends with aesthetic(美学的)feeling of Tang dynasty poetry.Indeed,traditional themes are widespread among successful Chinese animations,_____40_____the importance of traditional culture as a foundation for Chinese animation.Like other industries,cartoons in China are inspired by Western innovations but with added“Chinese characteristics”.答案：31-35IGBJA36-40CKEDFScience in Image sOyster mushrooms feature in cuisines around the world,but they should be offthe menu for hungry worms --which these delicious mushrooms will kill and eat.Nowresearchers finally know how they do it.A study published in Science Advances details how oyster mushrooms use aparticular poisonous substance to freeze and get rid of mushroom-eating roundworms called nematodes (线虫).The mushrooms,which grow on nutrient-poor dead wood,then 31the worms for nutrition.“Nematodes happen to be the most32animals these mushrooms encounter.So I think,33,this cross-kingdom interaction is very interesting,”says study senior author.The study team of geneticists,biochemists and biologists had previously found that oyster mushrooms release an unidentified poisonous substance that will somehow34the worms within minutes and cause a chemical element to flow into their cells,killing them.This35differs from those used by other meat-eating mushrooms and could be unique to oyster mushrooms.For their new work,the researchers grew and analyzed samples of the mushroom’s tissue,finding no noticeable poison even when they broke it up.They reasoned that whatever was killing the worms must be a kind of36compound that disappears into air when disturbed.When they damaged the oyster mushroom tissue again and 37analyzed the nearby air,they finally found a nerve gas that turned out to be contained with tiny,special-shaped structures on the mushroom surface.When nematodes touch the mushrooms,these structures 38their gas,disturbing the worms’cell walls to cause immobility and death.The worm is then digested by the mushrooms.Before this study,“we underestimated the 39to which wild mushrooms defend against or consume nematodes,”notes Nick Talbot,a geneticist at Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich,England.The study demonstrates “a very 40approach,”he adds.“These organisms are really difficult to work on,and Dr.Hsueh is showing that you can do some really amazing work with them.”答案：31.B 32.C 33.E 34.G 35.H 36.K 37.J 38.D 39.F 40.IA.chaosB.consumeC.plentifulD.dischargeE.evolutionarilyF.extentG.freeze H.mechanism I.novel J.subsequently K.unstable Oyster mushroomOpenAI Unveils A.I.that Instantly Generates Eye-Popping VideosLast April,a New York start-up called Runway AI revealed technology that let people generate videos.The four-second videos were shadowy and disturbing.But they were a clear sign that artificial intelligence technologies would generate increasingly__31__videos sooner.Just10months later,OpenAI has revealed a similar system,Sora, that creates videos that look as if they were lifted from a Hollywood movie.OpenAI is among the many companies__32__to improve this kind of instant video generator.The technology could__33__the work of experienced moviemakers.It could also become a quick and inexpensive way of creating online__34__,making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet.In an interview,the team behind the technology said the company was not yet releasing Sora to the public because it was still working to understand the system’s__35__.The intention here is to give a(n)__36__of what is likely to happen soon,so that people can see the capabilities of this technology.Like other generative A.I.technologies,OpenAI’s system learns by analyzing digital data—in this case,videos and subtitles describing what those videos contain.OpenAI declined to say how many videos the system learned from or where they came from,except to say the training included both__37__available videos and videos that were licensed from copyright holders.The company says little about the data used to train its technologies,most likely because it wants to__38__an advantage over competitors.Sora generates videos in__39__to short descriptions.Though the videos can be impressive,they may include strange and__40__images.The system,for example,recently generated a video of someone eating a cookie—but the cookie never got any smaller.答案：31-40AHJBC FGEIDThe Curious World of BatsNot all bats are unbelievably adorable,like the one below.Many of them have___31___faces and large ears that help them“see”in the dark,using echo location(回声定位).But all bats are,without adoubt,___32___creatures.Scientists are typically reluctant to___33___about bats because they make up sucha large and diverse group of winged animals.With nearly1,500species,bats___34___about one-fifth of all mammal(哺乳动物)species on Earth.But one thing that can be said about them as a group is that they are,in not-so-scientific terms,very odd.“They break all the___35___,”said Cori Lausen,a bat expert at the environmental group Wildlife Conservation Society Canada.Being able to fly is just one of their___36___,since mammals rarely fly.Apart from that,bats can also push their heart rate to extreme highs and lows—as slow as one beat per minute.Many bat species can go into a period of deep sleep,known as“torpor”,for a few hours a day or even for weeks to___37___energy when it’s cold or food is unavailable.And while most small mammals have short lives and lots of babies,some bats can live for two decades or more and typically have just one baby per year.For how much energy they need,it’s also surprising that many bat species,including most of those in the US,rely on insects alone for food.They have to eat ridiculous quantities of them.A mom that is___38___a baby can catch more than4,000insects in one night.Oddly,although bats can fly,they can’t easily take off from a(n)___39___position,like most birds and insects do. That’s one reason why they hang upside down—bats have to gain the momentum they need by falling.“For them,it’s not upside down,”Frick said.“It’s flight-side ready!”While bats remain highly understudied relative to birds and other mammals,scientists are___40___the alarm.In North America,more than half of all bat species are at risk of severe population decline.Climate change,they say, threatens to only speed up their extinction.答案：31-40BDIJK EAFCHWill AI allow humans to play a part?Rebecca used to have a regular job,translating a fashion brand’s website into German.One day a big change happened.The company(31)______to using machine translation.She kept the job,and it still paid the bills;however, she was now there to check and(32)______whatever was produced by the computer.But there was a complaint.“What it meant,(33)______,was that we humans were training a machine,”she says.Each corrected caption for a mid-priced T-shirt,each pair of skinny jeans,was a data point for the robot that was going to replace her.With the(34) ______of chat programs that can imitate humans,the world is now beginning to consider what the coming of artificial intelligence means.What will it do for our jobs if many once(35)______professions—law,accountancy,medicine—disappear?What does it mean to be a human when the thing that humans most(36)______—intelligence—has become the cheapest product on the planet?Translators,for good and ill,don’t have to wonder.“You can take the world of translators and interpreters as a(37)______of the world,”says Nicki Bone,chairwoman of the board of the Institute of Translating and Interpreting.Not all of them are adjusting.“Of course,we have our(38)______,”but she adds,“There are also opportunities,and optimists.”The speed of change,though,has been(39)______.Increasingly,says Bone,she and her colleagues are acting as editors of a machine’s first pass,rather than translators of the raw material.For some,that’s fine.“People will say,‘OK,instead of working at one rate for this number of words per hour,I’m working at many more words per hour,but for a much lower rate.’Some are happy to take on.Some won’t,as a matter of principle.”As we are(40)______at ChatGPT and its great ability to imitate human writing,translators are,compared with the rest of the professions,sensitive.Anyway,this technology is here to stay.答案：31~40KJAHI FGDCBA new way to reduce poachingResearchers are working on a pilot program backed by Russia’s Rosatom Corp to inject rhino horns（犀牛角）with radioactive material,a strategy that could discourage consumption and make it easier to detect illegal trade.Poachers（偷猎者）killed394rhinos in South Africa for their horns last year,government data shows,with public and private game__31__lacking the resources needed to monitor vast tracts of land and protect the animals that live there.While the toll was a third lower than in2019and the sixth__32__drop,illegal hunting remains the biggest threat to about20,000of the animals in the country—the world’s biggest population.Thousands of__33__sensors along international borders could be used to detect a small quantity of radioactive material__34__into the horns,according to James Larkin,a professor at the University of Witswatersrand in Johannesburg,who has a background in radiation protection and nuclear security.“A whole new__35__of people could be able to detect the illegal movement of rhino horn,”he said.Some alternate methods of discouraging poaching, including poisoning,dyeing and removing the horns,have raised a variety of opinions as to their virtue and efficacy.Known as The Rhisotope Project,the new anti-poaching__36__started earlier this month with the injection of an amino acid（氨基酸）into two rhinos’horns in order to detect whether the compound will move into the animals’bodies. Also,__37__studies using computer modeling and a replica rhino head will be done to determine a safe dose of radioactive material.Rhino horn is used in traditional medicine,as it is believed to cure disease such as cancer,__38__ as a show of wealth and given as gifts.“If we make it radioactive,these people will be hesitant to buy it,”Larkin said.“We’re pushing on the whole supply chain.”Besides Russia’s state-owned nuclear company,the University of Witwatersrand,scientists and private rhino owners are involved in the project.If the method is__39__feasible,it could also be used to curb illegal trade in elephant ivory.“Once we have developed the whole project and got to the point where we completed the proof of concept,then we will be making this whole idea__40__to whoever wants to use it,”Larkin said.答案：31-35DEKFA36-40IGCJBA.contrastB.instructe dC.concentratingD.potentialE.touchingF.playedG.better H.specialized I.spot J.follow K.tracing Unfamiliar Music May Help People Chat at PartiesIf you want your guests to be particularly sociable at an upcoming party,make sure you play music they probably haven’t heard before.To explore how background music affects the way we 31conversations,researchers Jane Brown and Gavin Bidelman conducted a study analyzing the brain activity of 31individuals aged 21and 33.During the experiment,participants listened to 72minutes of an audiobook (有声读物),which the pair used as a replacement for32on someone talking,while background music was accompanied by the audiobook for most of the time.For half of the experiment,the participants were asked to focus on 2-minute parts of an unfamiliar audiobook read by a man.The rest of the time,they were told to focus on four background songs,which were similarly33for 2minutes at a time.This34in voices aimed to assess participants’ability to shift attention between two distinctly different voices.During the experiment,all the participants wore35caps to monitor the electrical activity taking place in their brains.This 36of electrical activity was the key.It allowed Brown and Bidelman to discover how efficiently theseindividuals could focus on either the audiobook or the music when37to do so.The finding revealed that the participants could 38turn their attention to the audiobook if the background music was unfamiliar to them.Following the task,the participants completed a music perception survey evaluating their musical skills,such as the capacity to 39whether a pair of similar-sounding tunes are the same.Notably,those with lower musical scoresdemonstrated slower attentional shifts between songs and audiobooks,suggesting a(n)40link between musical ability and attention management skills.答案：31.J 32.C 33.F 35.H36.K 37.B 38.G 39.I 34.A 40.D上海市浦东新10.2024届区A.backfirepensateC.exten 小猫钓鱼高三英语二模专题汇编：十一选十()d D.impressive E.meaningfulF.measureG.needleH.overallI.perceiveJ.punishmentK.typicallyWhy You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose WeightMany of us are lacing up our sneakers and starting(or restarting)exercise regimens(练身计划)in hopes of shedding unwanted pounds.Unquestionably,aiming to be more active is good.But if the main reason is to lose weight, your New Year’s resolution could very well__31__.For starters,exercise—at least the kind most of us do—is__32__ineffective for weight loss.Take walking,for example.A150-pound person who walks briskly for30minutes will burn,on average,around140calories.That’s equal to one can of soda—not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort.It’s much easier just to skip the soda.Studies__33__show that doing moderate-intensity aerobic exercise such as walking for30minutes a day,five days a week—the amount recommended for good health—typically produces little or no weight loss by itself.When moderate exercise is added to diet,the results are equally not__34__.Pooling data from six trials, researchers found that a combination of diet and exercise generated no greater weight loss than diet alone after six months.In studies where exercise has produced__35__weight loss,participants burned at least400to500calories per session on five or more days a week.To achieve that,sessions need to go well beyond what most of us are willing or able to do.And even if we manage to exert that much effort,our bodies often__36__by boosting appetite and dialing down metabolism,effects that over time limit how many pounds we shed.Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into__37__.How many times have you heard someone say(or said yourself)“I’ll need to do extra exercise”after eating too much during the holidays or at a celebratory dinner?The point is that we’re more likely to__38__exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight.The incentive may be an improved mood or less stress.Others may find that exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.Of course,the benefits of physical activity__39__well beyond these.It’s been shown to reduce the risk of multiple diseases.It can also improve sleep and boost energy.By all means,striving to exercise regularly in the new year is perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health.But to improve the odds of success,focus on how movement helps you feel better physically and emotionally—and forget about how it moves the__40__on the scale.答案：31-35AKHDE36-40BJICGA.empowersB.termedC.interactio nD.implicationsE.advancesF.questionG.obtainedH.additionallyI.pressureJ.currentlyK.definingA New Era of Creative PartnershipsIn a new paper in a Nature Human Behavior special issue on AI,researcher Janet Rafner from Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies and Center for Hybrid Intelligence at Aarhus University and Prof.Jacob Sherson,director of the Center for Hybrid Intelligence,together with international partners,discuss research and societal(31)______of creativity and AI.The team of researchers argue that we should direct our attention to understanding and developing co-creativity,the interaction between humans and machines towards what is(32)______a human-centered AI and hybrid intelligence. In this way we will be able to develop interfaces(界面)that at the same time ensure both high degrees of automatization through AI and human control and hereby supporting a relationship that best(33)______each other.Rafner comments:To date,most studies on human-AI co-creativity come from the field of human-computer(34) ______and focus on the abilities of the AI,and the interaction design and dynamics.While these(35)______are key for understanding the dynamics between humans and algorithms(算法)and human attitudes towards the co-creative process and product,there is an urgent need to enrich these applications with the insights about creativity(36)______over the past decades in the psychological sciences.“Right now,we need to move the conversation away from questions like Can AI be creative?One reason for this is that(37)______creativity is not set in stone.When investigating human only,machine only,and human-AI co-creativity,we need to consider the type and level of creativity under(38)______,from everyday creative activities that are perhaps more suitable to machine automatization to contributions that may require higher-level human intervention;(39)______,it is much more meaningful to consider some questions like,what are the similarities and differences in human cognition,behavior,motivation and self-efficacy(自我效能)between human-AI co-creativity and human creativity?”explains Rafner.We,(40)______,don’t know enough about co-creativity between humans and machines,because the line between humans and artificial intelligence isn’t always clear.Looking ahead,researchers should balance predictive accuracy with theoretical understanding,towards the goal of developing intelligent systems to both measure and enhance human creativity.答案：31-35D B A C E36-40G K F H JA.accompaniedB.allowedC.feasiblyD.fueledE.intensityF.optionG.promptingH.routin eI.surgically J.underlying K.variedBrain Signals for Lasting PainBrain signals that reveal how much pain a person is in have been discovered by scientists who say the work is a step towards new treatments for people living with lasting pain.It is the first time researchers have decoded the brain activity31patients’lasting pain.That has raised the hope that brain stimulation treatment already used for Parkinson’s and major depression can help those running out of any other32.“We’ve learned that lasting pain can be tracked and predicted in the real world,”said Prasad Shirvalkar,lead researcher on the project at the University of California.Lasting pain affects nearly28million adults in the UK alone,and the causes are33,ranging from cancer to back problems.That being the case,lasting pain has34a rise in taking powerful painkillers.But no medical treatments work well for the condition,35experts to call for a complete rethink in how health services handle patients with lasting pain.For the latest study,Shirvalkar and his colleagues36implanted electrodes(电极)into four patients with lasting pain hard to deal with after the loss of legs.The devices37the patients to record activity and collect data in two brain regions—the ACC and the OFC—at the press of one button on a remote handset.Several times a day,the volunteers were asked to complete short surveys on the38of pain,meaning how strong the pain was,and then record their brain activity.These scientists,armed with the survey responses and brain recordings,found they could use computers to predict a person’s pain based on the electrical signals in their OFC.“We found very different brain activity 39severe pain and have developed an objective biomarker for that kind of pain,”said Shirvalkar.The finding may explain,at least in part,why40painkillers are less effective for lasting pain.“The hope is that we can use the information to develop personalized brain stimulation treatment for the most severe forms of pain.”答案：31-35JFKDG36-40IBEAHA.conservationB.relocat eC.momentarilyD.programE.criticalF.initiativeG.ensureH.permanentlyI.additionalJ.reserveK.unexpectedA team of scientists led by Alejandro Arteaga,grantee of The Explorers ClubDiscovery Expeditions and researcher at Khamai Foundation,discovered three newcryptozoic(living underground)snakes dwelling under graveyards(墓地)and churchesin remote towns in the Andes region of Ecuador.It was an exploration that led to the most(31)_______of places.First published in the journal,Zookeys,Arteaga and his team named the smallbrown color-patterned snakes in honor of institutions or people supporting the exploration and(32)_______of remote cloud forests in the tropics.The Discovery Ground Snake(Atractus discovery)was found underground in a small graveyard.Two(33)_______ new species were found near an old church and inside a small school.Destruction of the snake's native forest habitat may have forced them to(34)_______to these people-less areas according to Arteaga's findings.Atractus discovery was named to honor The Explorers Club Discovery Expedition Grants(35)_______,a program seeking to foster scientific understanding for the betterment of humanity and all life on Earth and beyond.The grant program supports researchers and explorers from around the world in their quest to ease the climate change crisis, prevent the extinction of species and cultures,and(36)_______the health of the Earth and its inhabitants.Atractus zgap was named in honor of the Zoological Society for the Conservation of Species and Populations (ZGAP),a(n)(37)_______seeking to conserve unknown but highly endangered species and their natural environment.Atractus michaelsabini was named in honor of Michael Sabin,grandson of American philanthropist and conservationist Andrew Sabin.Through conservation organization Re:wild,the Sabin family has supported field research of threatened reptiles and has protected thousands of acres of(38)_______habitat throughout the world.“The discovery of these new snakes is only the first step towards a much larger conservation project,”says Arteaga.“We have already started the process of establishing a nature(39)_______to protect the ground snakes.This action would not have been possible without first unveiling the existence of these unique and cryptic reptiles,even if it meant (40)_______disturbing the peace of the dead in the graveyard where they lived.”答案：31-35KAIBF36-40GDEJC。

2024上海高三英语二模默写纸-浦东新区一、语法填空1.记录梦幻般的现实2.一位退休的急诊科医生3.拓展她的旅行感4.沉浸在那个地方5.发现自己戴上耳机6.感受水花拂过肌肤的感觉二、十一选十1. 甩掉多余的赘肉2. 新年愿望3. 做中等强度的有氧运动4. 增进食欲5. 降低患多种疾病的风险6. 努力定期锻炼7. 提高成功几率8. 让你身心舒畅三、完形填空1. 见证奇迹2. 强制对新生儿进行听力受损筛查3. 源于技术进步4. 远不可靠5. 不一定说明有问题6. 先天性听力受损7. 耳朵内部机制的反应四、阅读理解A篇1.法国海岸警卫队2. 发送最后信息3. 失事船只4. 超越电报时代5. 发出巨响6. 一种节奏和时间的音乐五、阅读理解B篇1.厌倦孤独2. 美容和身体治疗3. 分享当地的乐趣和消遣4. 批发价5. 给某人一份原版期刊六、阅读理解C篇1.一套保守的商务套装2. 脱颖而出3. 把头发染成奇怪的颜色4. 用纹身装饰皮肤5. 流水线技术6. 领会这个想法七、六选四1.引发焦虑感2. 激励人们更加努力地工作3. 基于恐惧的激励4. 预测并解决潜在问题5. 导致更多拖延八、概要写作1.为完成家务给零用钱2.绝大多数美国家长3. 表示担忧4. 反对为孩子做家务支付报酬5. 不反对给零用钱6. 符合7. 变得热衷于帮助父母8. 鼓励孩子做家务9. 让孩子参与家务劳动九、翻译1.把不需要的物品收拾起来2. 完全想不起这个单词3. 大量接触到当地人的语言4. 学会了当地口音5. 在互联网上发布信息6.考虑潜在的后果7. 可能会被媒体误解或夸大答案：一、语法填空1.record the rush of dreamy reality2.a retired emergency medicine physician3.expand her sense of travel4.immerse yourself in that place5.find myself popping on my headphones6.feel the spray of water against my skin二、十一选十1.shed unwanted pounds2. New Year's resolution3. do moderate-intensity aerobic exercise4. boost appetite5. reduce the risk of multiple diseases6. strive to exercise regularly7. improve the odds of success8. help you feel better physically and emotionally三、完形填空1.witness the miracle2. compulsory screening of newborns for hearing loss3. stem from advances in technology4. be far from reliable5. doesn't necessarily indicate a problem6. be born with some kind of hearing loss7. the response of the ear's internal mechanisms四、阅读理解A篇1.the French coast guard2. transmit its final message3. wrecked ships4. outlive the telegraph age5. generate a loud noise6. a music of rhythm and timing五、阅读理解B篇1.bored with solitude2. beauty treatment and body therapy3. share local pleasures and pastimes4. at wholesale prices5. give someone an original issue六、阅读理解C篇1.a conservative business suit2. stand out from the flock3. dye their hair strange colors4. decorate their skin with tattoos5. the assembly-line technique6. grasp the idea七、六选四1.trigger feeling of anxiety2. inspire people to work harder3. fear-based motivation4. anticipate and resolve potential issues5. lead to increased procrastination八、概要写作1.pay allowances for completing chores2.the vast majority of American parents3. express concern4. be against paying kids for chores5. be not opposed to giving allowances6. be compatible with7. become eager to help their parents8. as a stimulus to do housework9. get children involved in housework九、翻译1.put away the unnecessary items2. the word escaped him completely3. exposed a lot to local people's language4. acquire/pick up the local accent5. post/deliver information on the Internet6. consider its potential consequences7. be likely to be misinterpreted or overstated by the media。

2019届高三英语二模汇编——十一选十1、2019黄浦二模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.The Next Frontier: Using Thought to Control MachinesTechnologies are often billed as transformative. For William Kochevar, theterm is justified. Mr Kochevar is paralysed below the shoulders after a cyclingaccident, yet has managed to feed himself by his own hand. This 31progress is partly thanks to electrodes, implanted in his right arm, which stimulatemuscles. But the real magic lies higher up. Mr Kochevar can control his armusing the power of thought. His intention to move is 32 in neural(神经的)activity in his motor region; these signals are detected by implants in his brain and33 into commands to activate the electrodes in his arms.An ability to decode thought in this way may sound like science fiction. Butbrain-computer interfaces (BCIs) like the BrainGate system used by Mr Kochevar provide evidence that mind-control can work. Researchers are able to tell what words and images people have heard and seen from neural activity alone. Information can also be encoded and used to stimulate the brain. Over 300, 000 people have cochlear(耳蜗的) implants, which help them to hear by 34 sound into electrical signals and sending them into the brain. Scientists have “35 ” data into monkeys heads, instructing them to perform actions via electrical pulses.As our Technology Quarterly in this issue explains, the pace of research into BCIs and the scale of its ambition are 36 . Both America’s armed forces and Silicon Valley are starting to focus on the brain. Facebook dreams of thought-to-text 37 . Kernel, a startup, has $100m to spend on neurotechnology. Elon Musk has formed a firm called Neuralink; he thinks that, if humanity is to survive the arrival of artificial intelligence, it needs an upgrade. Entrepreneurs imagine a world in which people can communicate using thoughts, with each other and with machines, or acquire 38 abilities, such as hearing at very high frequencies.These powers, if they ever materialise, are decades away. But well before then, BCIs could open the door to wonderful new 39 . Imagine stimulating the visual region to help the blind, making new neural 40 in stroke victims or monitoring the brain for signs of depression. By turning the firing of neurons into a resource to be used, BCIs may change the idea of what it means to be human.答案：31-40 JFAHG BDKCI难度：偏难解析：本文为说明文。

2024届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编完形填空2024届上海市崇明区高考二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Maps, number lines, shapes, artwork and other materials tend to cover elementary classroom walls. However, too much of a good thing may end up 41 attention and learning in young children, according to research published in Psychological Science.Psychology researchers Anna V. Fisher, Karrie E. Godwin and Howard Seltman of Carnegie Mellon University looked at whether classroom displays affected children's ability to maintain 42 during instruction and to learn the lesson content. They found that children in highly decorated classrooms were more distracted, spent more time off-task and demonstrated smaller learning 43 than when the decorations were removed.“Young children spend a lot of time —usually the whole day —in the same classroom, and we have shown that a classroom's 44 environment can affect how much children learn, "said Fisher, lead author and associate professor of psychology in the Dietrich College of Humanitiesand Social Sciences.Should teachers 45 their visual displays based on the findings of this study“We do not suggest by any means that this is the answer to all 46 problems. Furthermore, 47 research is needed to know what effect the classroom visual environment has on children's attention and learning in real classrooms, ”Fisher said. “48. I would suggest that instead of removing all decorations, teachers should consider whether some of their visual displays do make it difficult for young children to 49 . ”For the study, 24 kindergarten students were placed in 50 classrooms for six introductory science lessons on topics they were unfamiliar with. Three lessons were taught in a heavily decorated classroom, and three lessons were given in a sparse(稀疏的)classroom. The results showed that while children learned in both 51 types, they learned more when the room was not heavily decorated. Specifically, children's 52 on the test questions was higher in the sparse classroom (55%correct) than in the decorated classroom(42%correct).“We were also interested in finding out if the visual displays were removed, whether the children's attention would 53 to another distraction, such as talking to their peers, or the total amount of time they were distracted would remain the same, "said Godwin, a Ph D. candidate in psychology and fellow of the Program in InterdisciplinaryEducation Research.However, when the researchers totaled all of the time children spent off-task in both types of classrooms, the rate of off-task 54 was higher in the decorated classroom(38. 6%time spent off-task)than in the sparse classroom(28. 4%time spent off-task).The researchers hope these findings will lead to further studies into developing guidelines to help teachers design classrooms 55.41. A. attracting B. distracting C. holding D. paying42. A. confidence B. relationship C. consistency D. focus43. A. gains B. opportunities C. needs D. disabilities44. A. social B. natural C. physical D. visual45. A. turn over B. take down C. try out D. look into46. A. athletic B. environmental C. educational D. communicative47. A. additional B. prior C. national D. independent48. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Meanwhile49. A. stretch B. adapt C. concentrate D. explore50. A. decorated B. empty C. transitional D. laboratory51. A. teaching B. classroom C. school D. personality52. A. accuracy B. emphasis C. impact D. perspective53. A. refer B. listen C. respond D. shift54. A. questions B. behaviors C. incidents D. tasks55. A. originally B. innovatively C. appropriately D. exclusively2024届上海市嘉定区高考二模英语试题Section A（15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Picture this: you're out to dinner with a friend who you know makes a lot more money than you do. When you open the 41 , your heart sinks. There's not a dish in sight that is less than $35, and even a soup is going to run you $18. You probably vow （发誓）to 42 dollar pizza slices the rest of the month to balance out this dinner. 43 , this time, what if you just turned to your friend, closed the menu, and said, "Sorry, I have to be honest. I can't afford this. Let's go somewhere else "That's the idea behind "loud budgeting", a trend that could not only relieve you of the 44 burden, but help you deal with these sorts of stressful situations both mentally and emotionally. In an age when everybody is showing off nice things on social media and 45 to be something they're not, it feels somewhat revolutionary to just tell the truth about what you can't afford.The term was first introduced by TikTok （抖音）comedian Lukas Battle. Battle explained his concept in an interview: simply put, loud budgeting is being 46 about what you do and don't want to spend money on. Since his video, the concept has caught on rapidly among the 47 , who arepointing out that it has come at a significant time when everything is uncontrollably expensive.It's not just a TikTok thing though. Even those in the financial services industry are on board with the 48 . Nikolina Cuca, a financial advisor, says that she's seen social media add pressure to her clients, causing them to spend 49 on luxury items. "There should be no shame about trying to match your spending to your means. This trend helps young people moderate spending by 50 the idea of living within budgets. "Beyond just saving money, loud budgeting is also bringing people closer. Honest money talks lead to greater respect among friends and family. By 51 discussing money goals, people are creating stronger bonds based on mutual understanding for each other's financial situations. And perhaps the most valuable part of the loud budgeting trend is that it provides a sense of 52 . For example, if you tell a friend you are trying to cut back spending on drinks out, you are much 53 to stick with the goal than if you just keep it to yourself.With its focus on being open, spending wisely, and building 54 , loud budgeting is more than just a passing trend, but a cool way for the younger generation to 55 their finances. As more people adopt this approach, it is likely to stay a big part of how we handle money in the future.41. A. door B. menu C. bill D. wallet42. A. appeal to B. lead to C. stick to D. object to43. A. Otherwise B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However44. A. financial B. cultural C. physical D. economical45. A. refusing B. pretending C. agreeing D. guaranteeing46. A. worried B. angry C. honest D. excited47. A. male B. female C. young D. old48. A. tradition B. truth C. treasure D. trend49. A. below their standards B. beyond their meansC. towards their goalsD. despite their differences50. A. normalizing B. criticizing C. memorizing D. visualizing51. A. endlessly B. intelligently C. openly D. formally52. A. belonging B. accountability C. flexibility D. rigidity53. A. less motivated B. less equipped C. more hesitant D. more likely54. A. connections B. business C. habitats D. reputation55. A. lose faith in B. take charge of C. do away with D. make up for2024届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For decades, people have guessed that artificial intelligence (AI) will eventually replace human workers. But developments in the past fewyears have 41 these concerns as companies have released AI that can answer questions, write articles and create images. Now, even people in creative fields must consider the 42 of AI replacing them. But many experts still insist that these AI programs are no substitute for human ability.AI programs have the 43 to perform some tasks currently performed by human workers. These include media jobs, such as writing advertisements and articles, along with many jobs in the financial fields and even tech-related jobs such as computer programming. AI is good at 44 data, so financial analysts and market research analysts may find their jobs 45 .Using AI for certain tasks may be a good thing. Perhaps Al will 46 less interesting work, allowing people to do more satisfying jobs, just as earlier technologies have. Using a machine to do laundry saves time 47 to washing clothes by hand, and many people use that extra time productively. 48 AI may be able to take over dull tasks, liberating people to be truly creative, since thinking up new ideas is something AI cannot do.Another big challenge for AI is human 49 . Most people prefer to communicate with humans rather than machines. Hence, AI is 50 to replace humans for jobs that require personal connection, such as counseling or teaching. A robot can perform tasks, but it cannot 51 careabout others, and sometimes care is what people need.AI can process data quickly, but it can only use data that it is given. So it cannot adapt to situations that 52 significantly from those in its data. Thus, although some AI programs can create content, none of them can be truly creative as the content AI creates will 53 consist of some combination of its sources.Finally, if the AI receives false information, it has no way of recognizing that as false. Humans can also be fooled, but life experience can tell them whether a claim is reasonable, an ability that AI does not have. 54 AI must continually be fact-checked to make sure its data, and therefore its conclusions, are accurate.Thus, although AI may replace some jobs, others require a human 55. At best AI may eliminate certain boring parts of tasks so that humans can focus on things that only they can do.41. A. denied B. prevented C. transferred D. intensified42. A. function B. possibility C. capability D. character43. A. potential B. providing C. objective D. ambition44. A. searching B. schedule C. analyzing D. storing45. A. at risk B. at work C. at last D. at least46. A. bring over B. get over C turn over D. take over47. A. wasted B. compared C. consumed D. spared48. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Meanwhile49. A. interaction B. resource C. resistance D. creativity50. A. unwilling B. unlikely C. unfair D. unfortunate51. A. deeply B. accurately C. directly D. genuinely52. A. evolve B. range C. differ D. result53. A. inevitably B. immediately C. insignificantly D. improbably54. A. Frequently B. Generally C. Instantly D. Consequently55 A. nature B. need C. touch D. permission2024届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sandhya Sriram is impatient. The stem-cell (干细胞) scientist wanted to put her knowledge to use, developing cultivated seafood. Yet no one was doing that in Singapore. So four years ago, she set up a company to create lab-grown crustacean (甲壳纲动物) meat. (41) ______, she registered her company, Shiok Meats in August 2018. “Nobody was doing crustaceans,” says Sriram, Shiok’s Group CEO and co-founder. “What do Asians eat the most Seafood. It was a simple answer. And they’re so delicious.” A lifelong (42) ______, she had never tried real shrimp, but she sampled it the week she registered the company. Today, the results of her (43) ______ can be seen at the headquarters ofher company. During a fall 2022 visit, a bioprocess engineer looked into a microscope carefully. He had taken samples from a bioreactor in the room next door, where the company is (44) ______ crustacean cells. Under the lens, he was checking to see if the cells were ready to harvest. Shiok Meats has already revealed shrimp, lobster, and crab prototypes (最初形态) to a select group of tasters, and it plans to (45) ______ regulatory approval to sell its lab-grown shrimp by April 2023. That could make it the first in the world to bring cultivated shrimp to diners, putting it at the leading position of the cultivated-meat (46) ______. As of this writing, only one company has gained regulatory approval to sell lab-grown animal-protein products: Eat Jus’s cultured chicken is (47) ______ but only in Singapore. Shiok Meats still needs to submit all the paperwork necessary and get regulatory approval, but the company hopes to see its products in restaurants by mid-2024, offering foodies a more environmentally friendly option free of (48) ______ than crustaceans from farms.But even if that ambitious (49) ______ is met, it will likely be a while before the average person is eating cultivated crustaceans. It will require not just regulatory approval but also more funding and a bigger factory, along with (50) ______ consumers and governments around the world to accept lab-grown seafood.“We’re at an interesting stage of a startup; it’s called the Valley of Death,”says Sriram. “We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet, but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.” Nevertheless, the impatient entrepreneur is (51) ______. Sriram hopes to have the company’s next manufacturing plant ready by the end of 2023, where a 500-liter and a 2,000-liter bioreactor will be a major (52) ______ from its current 50-and 200-liter bioreactors. The goal is for her products to enter the mainstream in Singapore in five to seven years.(53) ______ these products could help tackle some of the environmental impacts of crustacean production. Organic waste, chemicals, and antibiotics from seafood farms can pollute groundwater. Shiok Meats says the way it produces crustacean meat minimizes animal cruelty, as growing protein in a lab helps avoid (54) ______ animals. And cultivating shrimp closer to where it’s (55) ______ cuts emissions from fishing-boat fuel and shipping products around the world.In a word, when science meets seafood, many wonderful things happen naturally.41. A. Eagerly B. Hurriedly C. Incidentally D. Interestingly42. A. dieter B. foodie C. taster D. vegetarian43. A. discipline B. enthusiasm C. discovery D. mindset44. A. growing B. investigating C. increasing D. targeting45. A. accept B. adopt C. grant D. seek46. A. farm B. race C. section D. line47. A. available B. affordable C. competitive D. profitable48. A. additive B. cruelty C. meat D. salt49. A. guideline B. transformation C. condition D. timeline50. A. demanding B. directing C. persuading D. training51. A. delightful B. insightful C. open-minded D. optimistic52. A. difference B. emergence C. sacrifice D. leap53. A. Tracking B. Supervising C. Popularizing D. Sampling54. A. feeding B. killing C. mistreating D. trapping55. A. captured B. stranded C. consumed D. produced2024届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The way of recording things has never ceased to develop. In the 1980s, as sales of video recorders went up, old 8mm home movies were gradually replaced by VHS(video home system) tapes. Later, video tapes of family holidays lost their appeal and the use of DVDs 41 . Those, too, have had their day. Even those holding their childhood memories in digital files on their laptops now know these files face the risk of 42 . Digitising historical documents brings huge benefits —files can be 43 anddistributed, reducing the risk of their entire loss through physical damage caused by fire or flooding. And developing digital versions reduces 44 on the original items. The International Dunhuang Project, 45 , has digitised items like mamuscripts(手稿)from the Mogao caves in China, enabling scholars from around the world to access records easily without touching the real items.But the news that the Ministry of Justice of the UK is proposing to scan the 110 million people's wills it holds and then destroy a handful of 46 after 25 years has shocked historians. The ministry cites this as a way of providing easier access for researchers. But that only justifies digitisation, not the 47 of the paper copies. The officials note the change will be economically efficient (saving around f4. 5m a year)while keeping all the essential information.Scholars 48 . Most significantly, physical records can themselves carry important information —the kind of ink or paper used may be part of the history that historians are 49 and errors are often made in scanning. Besides, digital copies are arguably more 50 than the material items, just in different ways. The attack from the Internet on the British Library last October has prevented scholars from 51 digitised materials it holds: imagine if researchers could not return to the originals. Some even think digitised information can easily be lost within decades no matter what 52 are put in place.The government says that it will save the original wills of "famous people for historic record", such as that of Princess Diana's. However, assuming that we know who will 53 to future generations is extraordinarily proud. Mary Seacole, a pioneering nurse who now appears on the national school course in the UK, was largely 54 for almost a century.The digitisation of old documents is a valuable, even essential measure. But to destroy the originals once they have been scanned, is not a matter of great 55 , but of huge damage.41. A. paused B. boomed C. recovered D. disappeared42. A. getting outdated B. coming into style C. being fined D. making an error43. A. deleted B. named C. copied D. altered44. A. fight or flight B. life or death C. wear and tear D. awe and wonder45. A. unfortunately B. additionally C. in summary D. for example46. A. the originals B. the essentials C. the visualised D. the digitised47. A. preservation B. classification C. publication D. destruction48. A. applaud B. disagree C. discriminate D. withdraw49. A. revising B. abandoning C. uncovering D. enduring50. A. meaningful B. favourable C. resistant D. delicate51. A. inventing B. adjusting C. accessing D. damaging52. A. outcomes B. safeguards C. deadlines D. byproducts53. A. matter B. respond C. lose D. live54. A. spared B. discussed C. forgotten D. protected55. A. sacrifice B. courage C. efficiency D. admiration答案：2024届上海市崇明区高考二模英语试题41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C2024届上海市嘉定区高考二模英语试题41-55 BCDAB CCDBA CBDAB2024届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题41-55 DBACA DBCAB DCADC2024届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题41~55 ADBAD BABDC DDCBC2024届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题41-45 BACCD 46-50 ADBCD 51-55CBACC。

2019届上海⾼三英语⼆模汇编--⼗⼀选⼗（学⽣版）2019届⾼三英语⼆模汇编——⼗⼀选⼗1、2019黄浦⼆模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.The Next Frontier: Using Thought to Control MachinesTechnologies are often billed as transformative. For William Kochevar, theterm is justified. Mr Kochevar is paralysed below the shoulders after a cyclingaccident, yet has managed to feed himself by his own hand. This 31progress is partly thanks to electrodes, implanted in his right arm, which stimulatemuscles. But the real magic lies higher up. Mr Kochevar can control his armusing the power of thought. His intention to move is 32 in neural(神经的)activity in his motor region; these signals are detected by implants in his brain and33 into commands to activate the electrodes in his arms.An ability to decode thought in this way may sound like science fiction. Butbrain-computer interfaces (BCIs) like the BrainGate system used by Mr Kochevar provide evidence that mind-control can work. Researchers are able to tell what words and images people have heard and seen from neural activity alone. Information can also be encoded and used to stimulate the brain. Over 300, 000 people have cochlear(⽿蜗的) implants, which help them to hear by 34 sound into electrical signals and sending them into the brain. Scientists have “35 ” data into monkeys heads, instructing them to perform actions via electrical pulses.As our Technology Quarterly in this issue explains, the pace of research into BCIs and the scale of its ambition are 36 . Both America’s armed forces and Silicon Valley are starting to focus on the brain. Facebook dreams of thought-to-text 37 . Kernel, a startup, has $100m to spend on neurotechnology. Elon Musk has formed a firm called Neuralink; he thinks that, if humanity is to survive the arrival of artificial intelligence, it needs an upgrade. Entrepreneurs imagine a world in which people can communicate using thoughts, with each other and with machines, or acquire 38 abilities, such as hearing at very high frequencies.These powers, if they ever materialise, are decades away. But well before then, BCIs could open the door to wonderful new 39 . Imagine stimulating the visual region to help the blind, making new neural 40 in stroke victims or monitoring the brain for signs of depression. By turning the firing of neurons into aThe Historical Change of Reader’s DigestDuring World War I, Mr. DeWitt Wallace was wounded in a battle. During his recovery in the hospital, he read a lot of magazines and (31) ___________ a lot of interesting information. At the same time, he also found that few people had time to read so many magazines that he realized the idea of excerpting (摘录) these articles and publishing them.He was (32) ___________ to publish a pocket magazine they called Reader’s Digest with his wife Lila Acheson. They opened an office downstairs in an illegal hotel in Greenwich Village, New York, and spent only $5,000 in capital and began (33) __________ subscribers. After a period of hard work, the first volume was (34)__________ published on February 5, 1922. Its purpose is to inform the readers in daily life and give the readers entertainment, encouragement and guidance. The first article, (35) ___________ How to Stay Young Mentally, was one and a half pages long.In 1920, he put (36) ____________ selected articles into Reader’s Digest samples and displayed them to major publishers in the United States. He hoped that someone would be willing to publish them, but they were all (37) ___________. Mr. Wallace did not give up and decided to publish it himself. He worked at home with his wife, and finally published the first issue of Reader’s Digest in February 1922. The first was printed in 5,000 copies, (38) ___________ at 25 cents, and sent to 1,500 payment subscribers by mail. By 1935, the circulation of Reader’s Digest had reached one million copies.The Chinese (39) ___________ of Reader’s Digest was first published in March 1965. The first editor-in-chief was Lin Taiyi, the daughter of Mr. Lin Yutang, master of literature. In November 2004, Reader’s Digest and Shanghai Press and Publication Bureau announced the (40) __________ of a long-term publishing cooperation.Like many people acting on the desire to eat healthy and local, Acropolis resident Eduardo Jimenez decided to plant a garden in his backyard. He ploughed the soil, he planted the seeds, and he even set up a fence to keep out the deer. Eduardo did everything right. Or so it seems. However, when (31) _____ time has come, he has not one tomato, bean, or leaf of lettuce to show for his hard work. How did this happen? The answer comes in the form of a small, brown, particularly smelly insect: the stink bug.Unlike their picky cousins, stink bugs feed on some 300 species of plants, including figs, blueberries, corn, and kiwi fruits as well as soybeans, peas, and weeds. Although they do little damage to the plant itself, they make the fruits and vegetables (32) _______. For this reason, stink bugs pose the most serious threat to the big agriculturalists and macro farm operators. Macro farmers have more (33) _______ in their produce, and therefore have more to lose. While hobbyists like Eduardo are left to face the disappointment of an unsuccessful garden, macro farmers are forced to live with the loss of entire tracts of cash crops—a fact that has left many (34) _______ able to clothe their children or put food on the table.Last season alone, several New Jersey pepper farmers saw 75% of their crops damaged. Pennsylvania lost half of its peach population, and, according to the US Apple Association, apple farmers in the mid-Atlantic states lost $37 million. This year could be worse. As a result of this (35) _______ in the supply of fresh fruits and vegetables, shoppers have seen (36)_______—sometimes quite dramatic—in prices at the grocery store. Prices of apples in Maryland are up 8%. In the north-Atlantic states, prices for peppers shot up an astonishing 14%. Not only are these items becoming more expensive, but they are also getting harder to find. Last week, Marge Jenkins of Athens, Georgia reported having to check three different stores before encountering a decent batch of peas. And this, she assures us, is a regular (37) _______. Accidentally brought from Asia, the stink bug has no natural (38) _______ in America, and thus its population is rising sharply. Reported sightings of stink bugs are becoming increasingly numerous, as the dried, brown, trapezoidal（不规则四边形）shells of the dead bugs are everywhere in some areas. This has farmers and scientists alike (39) _______ their heads in search of a remedy. Hope, they believe, may lie with an Asian parasitic wasp（黄蜂）, which helpfully lays its eggs inside stink bug eggs.The larvae（幼⾍）of the wasp consume the stink bug from the inside. But the (40) _______ of such a solution is still several years away, as scientists must first determine if it is safe for the wasp to be introduced into America. Until then, some farmers are resorting to homemade traps. Others have even contemplated the use of peacocks and praying mantises, which, they imagine, will gulp down the little stinkers.The odds are high that you’ve seen a beauty pageant (选美⽐赛)or two in your life. They are among the most attended andviewed events in the world. Despite numerous different opinions, beauty pageants continue to not only __31__ but also become more popular.Miss World, Miss Universe, Miss International and Miss Earth are known as the Big Four beauty pageants, and all of them continue to this day. These competitions __32__ young women on their physical attractiveness, of course, but they also are judged on their personality, intelligence, talent, and responses to interview-based questions. The eventual winners receive prizes including cash, scholarships, clothes, beauty queen crowns, and of course, the title of the event for one year.All these awards do not come cheap for the young ladies. They have duties to fulfill while holding their titles. Beauty queens often appear at functions to raise social awareness about environmental and social issues such as nature __33__, racial or gender discrimination, and disease prevention. By projecting the image of a well-educated, respectable character__34__with a successful personality, every beauty pageant winner is seen as a role model, and not just for young girls alone.Some beauty contests __35__ men rather than women. Similar to their feminine counterparts, men enter Mister Global, Mister International, and Mister World for their looks, style, and talent. These contests should not be __36__ with the Mister Universe contest, which is an annual bodybuilding competition.There are other strange and __37__ pageants all over the world that celebrate everything from being old to being pregnant. Beauty contests, whether organized with noble __38__ or just for fun, have attracted criticism since they were first held. Some critics object to the focus on physical beauty, especially emphasis on a certain stature and body shape. Further, they point out that some participants will actually harm themselves through dieting or plastic surgery to achieve the perfect appearance. Despite these complaints, beauty may be only skin deep, but __39__ it and competing for the glory of being the fairest of them all holds a timeless and universal __40__.Measles (⿇疹) breaks out in the NorthwestThe U.S. is experiencing outbreaks of measles, a disease it had declared eliminated years ago, largely due to a drop in vaccination (接种疫苗) rates in some communities.An outbreak in Washington state has sickened 23 people this month, mostly children under 10. Local health officials in Clark County, declared a public-health 31 on Friday. They also urged residents to track 32 symptoms and call ahead beforeheading to medical centers.State officials announced the 33 of measles from the U.S. in 2000, thanks to a widespread vaccination program. But travelers entering the country with measles, as well as dropping vaccination rates in some states in recent years, has led to a rise in infection. Last year, there were a total of 17 outbreaks, 34 as three or more cases linked together, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. New York and New Jersey 35 for roughly half of the 2018 cases. The Clark County outbreak began early last week with three confirmed cases and has since grown to 23 confirmed and two more 36 . Of those cases, 20 were unvaccinated and the others are unconfirmed.Measles is highly 37 ; the virus spreads through the air by coughing or sneezing, the CDC says. Early 38 include a high fever, cough, runny nose and red, watery eyes, followed by tiny, white spots inside the mouth and the red, bumpy rash(疹⼦) that people 39 associate with the infection. Children younger than 5 or adults older than 20 are more likely to suffer from complications, according to the CDC.In order to prevent the further spread of the outbreak, local health officials are posting times and places where residents may have been exposed. They are urging residents who haven’t been vaccinated to 40 whether they have been exposed and to take appropriate action.A recent troubling study showed that “fake news” spread significantly faster, deeper and more broadly than the truth, and the effect is even more remarkable when regarding news as opposed to reporting on natural disasters, finance or science. So how can we encourage individuals to seek 31 online content? Leading scholars are trying hard to deal with this question. Processing new information requires a considerable mental effort, especially when that information seems to conflict with your 32 worldview. It takes the 33 to admit you may be wrong. But with a great amount of conflicting information available, who’s to say what’s actually true and what’s false? If you can’t tell, why not just make life easy and go with what supports your current beliefs?So what 34 do we have? Many suggest that we can 35 the issue by reforming adult behavior, but this is aiming too far from source. An alternative solution is using early education to help individuals recognize these problems and 36 critical thinking to the information they deal with. Currently, there is a push in theUS to include Internet information classes into primary and secondary school curriculums. The movement, which has received some support, aims to make fact-checking seem like second 37 to individuals at an early age.Primary and secondary school are 38 to be supplying students with the skills they need to develop into productive and informed members of our society. As our society develops, the curriculum we are teaching our students needs to develop as well.The Internet is an amazing tool, but to use it most effectively we have to accept its benefits while also understanding the ways in which it makes us dangerously 39 . If students are still learning the practices such as writing in school, shouldn’t they be learning how to 40 the Internet responsibly as well?When was the last time that you dialed a phone number from memory? It probably depends on how long you've been using 31 like a cellphone. While some generations can recall the days of memorizing phone numbers, it's possible that members of Generation Z have never had to remember a single 32 . Why is this? Because smartphones offer quick and convenient ways for storing and 33 information. There is no need to memorize anything. But this isn't without consequence. As digital devices develop, more and more users' heavy reliance on them may be having disabling effects. "Digital dementia (失智)" is the term being used by medical professionals to identify some of these effects.Some professionals like Jim Kwik, an expert in memory improvement and optimal brain performance, are taking a closer look at this effect. Kwik describes digital dementia like this: "... we're 34 our brains to our smart devices. We're so reliant on our smartphones that our smartphones are making us stupid. As medical studies chart the decline in memory and cognitive skills among smartphone users, a connection is made between symptoms 35 with dementia."The seriousness of overuse becomes 36 when you consider just how young smartphone users are becoming. Author and speaker Simon Sinek points out that young minds "Are not ready for it! Their minds cannot cope with the dopamine(多巴胺). "Consequently, the overstimulation of screens and sounds lead to 37 more often than not. So now parents, teachers and managers are asking how to handle the influx (汇集) of young people with this kind of addiction.●First, monitor your cellphone use. Keep downloading applications like Forest or Checky. Then cut back onany 38 usage. Set a specific goal of how much you think you should use your phone.●Determine 39 areas for cellphone use. For example, while you're at home, only allow yourself to checkyour phone somewhere like a home office. This way, the time in between tasks isn't 40 filled with staring at your screen.Genes That Make You SmarterThe contributions genes make to intelligence increase as children grow older. This goes against the idea most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy（遗产）we are born with and may have (31)______ for education.“People ass ume the genetic influence goes down with age because the environmental differences between people pile up in life,”says Robert Plomin.“What we found was quite (32) ______ and goes in the other。

2020上海高三英语二模汇编---十一选十2020上海高三英语二模汇编---十一选十Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 — interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37 . If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction (交易) is 38 and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna,works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40 nagging (唠叨) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.31- 40: FBIEH GKCDA2.黄浦区How to work from home?There are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate an increasing number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and ___31___ practical option for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee.Before ___32___ completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remot ely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it___33___ from where you plan to work. Also, have a(n) ___34___ plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance.The same advice applies to internet ___35___. Make sure that if the wireless internet in your home office fails, you can still connect continuously through your smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files.The ability to communicate quickly and reliably is the most priceless quality a remote employee needs to succeed. Do ___36___ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure group chat service and tools are installed and you know how to use them, and make your ___37___ known to your colleagues when you are available and working.Set ___38___ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid ___39___ unless it’s important.Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being ___40___, but it’s important to make activity a habit.31-35: CFGAD36-40: KIBHEAt the Oscars, Parasite Makes Best Picture HistoryAt Sunday’s Oscars, on a night when almost everything went as planned and as usual, the one true surprise came in the biggest moment of all.For the first time ever, a film in a foreign language won Best Picture when Bong Joon-ho’s Parasite, a comedy-drama-thriller about class and secrets, took the big prize. Bong also won theawards for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay. He __31__ three warm and generous speeches, including one when he won for his directing and thanked fellow nominees (被提名的人) Martin Scorsese and Quentin Tarantino for inspiring him and contributing to the progress of hiscareer, __32__.And, while he gave most of his speeches in Korean with interpreter Sharon Choi, when he won the first one, he stopped and noted in English: “This is very first Oscar to South Korea.” The affection in the room for the film was __33__ every time it was mentioned, as well as in its great competition of award.The evening began three and a half hours earlier with a(n) __34__ of the old and the new: the kind of themed singing-dancing number that used to be the __35__ Oscars opening, but in the absence of a traditional host, it was performed by the thoroughly modern Janelle Monáe. A version of her own song Come Alive was __36__ by dancers dressed in costumes showing respect to black filmmakers. The speech that followed, however, was much more __37__ and unpleasant, despite the best efforts of Chris Rock and Steve Martin, the latter of whom __38__ blew the name of best actress nominee Cynthia Erivo.The awards in general have been heavily criticized for how white the nominees are, the failure to nominate any women directors in a year when several made highly regarded films, and plenty of other lack of inclusivity. The Academy’s __39__ with that criticism seemed evident: There may not have been a lot of performers of color among the nominees, but there were a lot among the presenters and speakers and performers. Several presenters made mention of the __40__ at issue, which is the kind of thing that happens when people are placed in a situation theydon’t want to ignore but also aren’t there to challenge too much.31-40 G F K A H J C B D I4.松江区A. releasedB. eventuallyC. deliveringD.addressE. actF. formerlyG. fascinationH. sightingI. inquiringJ. undertakenK. misidentifiedFrom the early 1950s until 2009, a department in the United Kingdom’s Ministry of Defence (MoD) documented and investigated reports of UFOs. Now, more than a decade after the program ended, many of those ___31___ classified files about UFO will be made available to the public for the first time.Previously, some MoD files about UFOs had been published online at the U.K. National Archives(国家档案馆) website, The Telegraph reported. However, all of the agency’s UFO reports will be ___32___ this year on “a dedicated web page,” a spokesperson for the British Royal Air Force (RAF) told The Telegraph.The decision came after PA Media, a British news agency, filed a request for the UFO files under a/an ___33___ on information, according to The Telegraph. MoD officials decided “it would be better to publish these records, rather thancontinue ___34___ documents to the National Archives,” the RAF spokesperson said.The U.K.’s ___35___ with UFOs began around 1950, urging the MoD to form the Flying Saucer Working Party to ___36___ the phenomenon, according to the U.K. National Archives. UFOs in the early 1950s even captured the attention of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who sent a memo to his air minister in 1952 ___37___, “What does all this stuff about flying sa ucers amount to? What can it mean? What is the truth?”The flying saucer group concluded that UFOs were delusions (错觉) or ___38___ objects, recommending “that no further investigation of reported mysterious phenomena in the air be ___39___.” Nevertheless, other MoD divisions continued the work of official UFO investigation in the U.K.After MoD enacted a policy change on Dec.1st, 2009, the agency no longer recorded or investigated any UFO ___40___, according to the report. But what they did find—including many recent UFO reports that were previously available only as hard copies—will be published online within the next few months, said Nick Pope, a former UFO investigator for the MoD.31—35 FAECG 36—40 DIKJH5.Wearing shoes can weaken ankle bonesYour shoes are changing your feet. The ankles of people who 31wear shoes are different to those of people who tend to walk barefoot. In many industrial societies, people tend to wear shoes from a young age. However, many people around the world often go barefoot, or wear only very thin footwear.“We know that there are some 32 in the feet of modern humans, due to the use of shoes,” says Rita Sorrentino at the University of Bologna in Italy. But most 33 findings relate to the front and middle of the foot. She and her team have focused on the ankle instead. They studied 142 ankle bones from 11 34 from North America, Africa and Europe. These 35sandal-wearing (穿凉鞋的) Nguni farmers in southern Africa, people living in New York and bones from Stone Age hunter-gatherers.The hunter-gatherers’ ankle bones were significantly shorter than those of people living in modern cities, and there were other differences in the shape. “They are mostly related to footwear-related behaviours and movement behaviours,” says Sorrentino. The hunter-gatherers walked barefoot for long distances every day over natural land. Their ankles were relatively 36. In contrast, people who live in big cities, who wear tight footwear and walk short distances on flat surfaces like concrete roads, had more unbending ankles.Changes to ankle bones take place over the course of a person’s life, and there is no evidence that these alterations canbe passed on 37.According to Sorrentino, 38 evidence for people wearing shoes only exists for the past 10,000 years. For instance, a sandal from a Missouri cave may be 8300years old. Early shoes were all fairly soft, so wouldn’t have 39 the motion of the ankle much.It is an open question whether shoes have disadvantages, but Sorrentino 40 that the firmness of modern shoes causes our bones to become weaker and more likely to suffer from breaking.31-35 CKFED36-40 ABIGJThe series, which is celebrating its 50th anniversary this month, has the highest percentage of adult viewers of any children’s show. It has been televisin g lessons (31) ________ for youngchildren on everything from letters and numbers, healthy eating, and diversity and inclusion. For as long it’s been on the air, research on the show has (32) ________ demonstrated that it’s a highly effective educational tool.According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, media (33) ________ can be beneficial for young children, especially when they are shared with parents or caregivers. This is something that “Sesame Street” (芝麻街) has understood since its debut. Part of the show’s winning formula is not just its appeal to children — often with repetitive lessons, fast-paced editing and a(n) (34) ________ interesting style. The show’s ability to encourage adults to watch TV along with their children, known as co-viewing, is a large part of why the series remains a success.As an associate professor of Communication Studies at West Virginia University, I study Entertainment-Education, the practice of (35) ________ educational messages in entertaining media formats —such as popular TV shows, comic books or video games. The best way to attract people of all ages and cultures to messages that leave them better informed is to (36) ________ those messages into the media that they are naturally attracted in order to relax and have fun.In the 1990s, an experiment conducted by educational psychologist Gavriel Salomon demonstrated that the learning differences between underprivileged children and more (37) ________ children could be reduced when a parent co-viewed the show with them.One of the remarkable things about the study was that co-viewing was a(n) (38) ________ for children’s learning because their parents’ mere physical presence is enough to intensify emotions and enhance enjoyment.Years later, studies continued to uncover the benefits of parent-child co-viewing and parental involvement remains one of the key (39) ________ of "Sesame Street" educational strategy. In fact, the show is reported to (40) ________ the highest number of adult-child co-viewing experiences of any children's show, with nearly 50% of its viewers being over the age of 18.The show serves as a generational bridge. Parents of today’s preschoolers enjoy reliving some of their own memories of growing up watching "Sesame Street."No one can be happy and c heerful forever. So it’s important they see a mental-health __31__ who can provide effective options for treatment when someone has clinical depression known as the state of feeling very sad, anxious and without hope. But there’s also a condition known as subthreshold depression in which someone __32__ some symptoms of depressive disorder, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis.It’s estimated that between 10% and 24% of the population has this kind of mild depression at some point in their lives. And for those people, a new study suggests that practicing thinking __33__ in silence may help improve their mood and reduce their risk of developing depression. The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, __34__ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.The study included 231 Chinese adults with subthresholddepression, meaning their __35__ between five and nine out of a total of 27 points on a standard depression __36__. Half received mindfulness training two hours a week for eight weeks, while the other half continued to receive their usual medical care.During the mindfulness training, participants were instructed on setting short- and long-term goals; __37__ their activity and mood; planning out their activities; and body scanning. They were asked to practice them at home at least six days a week.These techniques combine traditional deep thinking with __38__ activation, a type of therapy that uses an “outside in” approach to help people change the way they act and aims to increase rewarding experiences in their lives. It has been shown to be effective for moderate to severe depression in other studies, and the researchers wanted to know if it would work as a __39__ measure as well.At the end of those eight weeks, the group that received mindfulness training reported a significant decrease in depression and __40__ symptoms compared to the group that did not. And no participants had developed clinical depression.31.D 32. H 33. K 34. A 35. F 36. B 37. J 38. C 39. I 40. E8.徐汇区Why Humpback Whales (座头鲸) Protect Other Species from Killer Whales Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist, describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica in 2009.A group of killer whales were attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam 31toward a pair of humpbacks that had inserted themselves into the action. One of the humpbacks rolled over onits back, and the seal was 32onto its chest, between the whale’s massive flippers (鳍). “That incident 33me,” he says. “Those humpbacks were doing some thing we couldn’t explain.”Pitman started asking other researchers and whale watchers to send him similar 34 . Soon he was reading through observations of 115 encounters between humpbacks and killer whales, recorded over 62 years. “There are some pretty a stonishing videos of humpbacks 35 killer whales,” he says.In a 2016 article in Marine Mammal Science, a famous scientific journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe this behaviour and confirm that such acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing that something is happening and understanding why it’s happening are two different things. Pitman and his co-authors openly reflected on the meaning of these encounters. “Why,” they wrote, “would humpbacks 36interfere with attacking killer whales, spending time and energy on a potentially37activity, especially when the killer whales… were attacking other species of prey?”Interestingly, humpbacks don’t just hit on killer-whale attacks. They race toward them like firefighters into burning buildings. And like thos e rescue workers, humpbacks don’t know who is in danger until they get there. That’s because the sound that 38them to an attack isn’t the sad voice of the victim. It’s the excited calls of the killer whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one simple instru cti on: “When you hear killer whales attacking, go break it up.”I wonder what humpback whales care deeply enough about to actively swim into battle with killer whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it still comes down to selfishly 39their。

2020届上海高三英语二模汇编 11选102020届宝山区高三二模Section BDirections:After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.While I was jumping rope, my phone took a fall to the hardwood floor which created multiple cracks on my screen. However, the music kept 31 , so all as well －or so I thought.Thirty minutes later, I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was pitch-black. The next morning, I decided not to go to the phone store for 24 hours, I felt a(n) 32 sense of calm that day, which led to my not going for one week. One week ended up becoming 60 days without my smartphone.Here are three 33 I noticed and why you may want to consider a smartphone detox (戒除期) yourself:●You'll become boredWhile in line at a Starbucks, I noticed how every individual had their head down, eyes fixed on their smartphone. With nothing to distract myself with during the waiting period, I became bored, and my mind 34 through all sorts of topics.Boredom is 35 something we avoid at all costs. However, boredom is the perfect way to make a(n) 36 on a business idea or project. When you enter a state of boredom, you allow your mind to relax and escape from the realities of today to the infinite 37 of tomorrow.●You'll be able to dramatically reduce your "work" hoursA study found that adults ages 18 to 33 38 their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes.As I learned during my experiment, placing some distance between myself and my device helped me fall into deep work more easily.By not having my smartphone, my distraction time went down and thus my hours of work were spent more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found myself 39 what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day.●Your mental well-being will receive a boost (提高)Obviously, without a cellphone, I experienced a lack of 40 news and comments. While that helped cause a dramatic boost in my mental well-being, the biggest reason for it was truly connecting to people.参考答案：FHCAJ DKGBISection BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Former World’s Fattest Man Finds LoveHe was once the world’s fattest man weighing in at an incredible 980 pounds and consuming 20,000 calories (卡路里) a day. But it seems that after losing 672 pounds following a surgery, it’s not just Paul Mason’s health that has a more promising (31)_______—his weight loss may have also promoted his love life.Mr. Mason has only known his new girlfriend Rebecca for a month and the pair are yet to meet, but already the 52-year old has (32)_______that Rebecca is the love of his life. The pair met online last month when Rebecca saw a television (33)_______ about Mr. Mason’s extreme fatness—the result of overeating when a previous relationship ended. She was so touched by his situation as to get in touch, keen to help Mr. Mason get the NHS (National Health Service) to pay for a second operation to (34) _______ him of layers of extra skin.Mr. Mason said: “She didn’t really think of anything (35) _______at the beginning. It wasn’t until the second conversation that I realised there was more there than just friends. She felt the same and brought up the idea of us being boyfriend and girlfriend.”Mr. Mason says that he doesn’t go for looks and finds Rebecca’s (36) _______ attitude particularly attractive. “It is her personality, her (37) _______ and passion that has made me fall for her. We share the same ideas and interests and she has made me look at life in a new way. For a long time I couldn’t really see light at the end of the tunnel, but since Rebecca’s been in my life I’ve got a whole new (38) _______of worth and excitement.”Mr. Mason (39) _______ to his incredible size by eating ten times the amount needed by a normal man due to a compulsive eating disorder. As his weight rose sharply he was left unable to stand or walk before finally becoming bed-ridden and being looked after full time by carers.Firefighters had to knock down the front wall of his (40) home so they could use a fork lift truck to lift him out and put him into an ambulance when he needed an operation in 2002.参考答案：FDAEJ IKCGHSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find “Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety”It started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades (小夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it (31) ______ from people’s homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide (32) ______ of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe’s worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain (33) ______ under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people (34) ______ in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people’s souls, it has also demonstrated the (35) ______ of those national characters.In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring (36) ______ needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep (37) ______ up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country’s empty streets, while social media feeds fill with (38) ______, sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly (39) ______ masks have also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title “It will all be OK.”“We’re Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture,” said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way “to feel a community, and to have the (40) ______ grief.”参考答案：31-40IBACG FDEKJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedNo one can be happy and cheerful forever. So it’s important they see a mental -health __31__ who can provide effective options for treatment when someone has clinical depression known as the state of feeling very sad, anxious and without hope. But there’s also a condition known as subthreshold depression in which someone __32__ some symptoms of depressive disorder, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis.It’s estimated that between 10% and 24% of the population has this kind of mild depression at some point in their lives. And for those people, a new study suggests that practicing thinking __33__ in silence may help improve their mood and reduce their risk of developing depression. The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, __34__ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.The study included 231 Chinese adults with subthreshold depression, meaning their __35__ between five and nine out of a total of 27 points on a standard depression __36__. Half received mindfulness training two hours a week for eight weeks, while the other half continued to receive their usual medical care.During the mindfulness training, participants were instructed on setting short-and long-term goals; __37__ their activity and mood; planning out their activities; and body scanning. They were asked to practice them at home at least six days a week.These techniques combine traditional deep thinking with __38__ activation, a type of therapy that uses an “outside in “ approach to help people change the way they act and aims to increase rewarding experiences in their lives. It has been shown to be effective for moderate to severe depression in other studies, and the researchers wanted to know if it would work as a __39__ measure as well.At the end of those eight weeks, the group that received mindfulness training reported a significant decrease in depression and __40__ symptoms compared to the group that did not. And no participants had developed clinical depression.参考答案：DHKAF BJCIESection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How to work from homeThere are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate an increasing number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and (31) ______ practical option for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee.Before (32) ______ completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it (33) ______ from where you plan to work. Also, have a(n) (34) ______ plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance.The same advice applies to internet (35) ______. I make sure that if the wireless internet in my home office fails, I can still connect seamlessly through my smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files.The ability to communicate quickly and reliably is the most priceless attribute a remote employee needs to succeed. Do (36) ______ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure they’re installed and you know how to use them, and make your (37) ______ known to your colleagues when you are available and working.Set (38) ______ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid (39) ______ unless it’s important.Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being (40) ______, but it’s important to make activity a habit.参考答案：31-35: CFGAD 36-40:KIBHESection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 — interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37 . If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction (交易) is 38 and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40 nagging (唠叨) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.参考答案：31- 40: FBIEH GKCDASection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can beused only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more importantly, the first postage stamp issued anywhere, 31 the image of Queen Victoria, but the first British postal service didn’t originate in Victoria England. In 1860, William Dockwra started a public service that32 the quick delivery of a letter anywhere in London. His system was quickly33 with Dockwra in charge. It was far from a perfect system, 34 with seemingly improper charges that made it unreasonably expensive to send a letter. Worse still, recipients were expected to pay. As you might imagine, this 35 some problems—either people weren’t home or flat—out refused to pay. The system just didn’t work, but it remained in place for far too long.About 50 years later, to do better, Rolland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and replacing them with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender. When the post office ignored Hill’s ideas, he self-published his essay and it quickly gained36 among the public. Hill was then ordered by Postmaster General Lord Lichfield to discuss postal reform and ,during their subsequent meetings, the two men conceived of a gluey 37 that could be applied to the envelops to indicate payment. Though it had gained support with the public who longed for a affordably way to connect with distant friends and family, officials were still not convinced. Thankfully, Hill was far from alone in his passion for reform. He eventually earned enough support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to 38 his system.In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the postal facility. The winning stamp 39 describing the young queen’s profile came from one William Wyon, who based the design on a medal he created to celebrate his first visit to London.The“Penny Black”stamp went on sale on May 1, 1840. It was an immediate 40 . Suddenly, the country seemed a lot smaller. The penny black’s design was so well received that it remained in use for forty year.参考答案：BFJCG KAEIH2020届浦东新区高三英语二模be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Today’s political climate and negative headlines seem to point towards a more inward-looking global population -minds narrowing, borders going up. But with more people living and working overseas and becoming exposed to influences from different cultures, many of us are seeking a(n) __31__, connected world.According to the recently published study from Culture Trip, 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by the __32__ from different cultures. As a society, we not only want to discover and experience other cultures, we want to learn from them, too. This is one of the many positive side effects of globalization. At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in a shift in values away from __33__, with younger generations more interested in collecting experiences than possessions.Welcome to the “new culture economy”.The collision（碰撞）of two trends - globalization and the experience economy - has __34__ a new attitude to travel, with cultural curiosity at its heart. This is the “new culture economy”. The phenomenon is having a powerful impact on people’s interactions and definitions of __35__ exploration, and presents an incredible commercial opportunity.While globalization is usually talked about in the context of the __36__ of trade and capital between countries, we shouldn’t forget that the __37__ force behind it all it people. Education, travel, exposure to other customs and geographies and the cultural integration（融合）are the more influential social effects of globalization. People are increasingly living or working in countries other than the ones in which they were born - more than half of respondents from the study have friends living overseas, all of which has __38__ in more interaction with global cultures.Also, student debt and unafford-able housing have created a(n) __39__ in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership. Travel is absolutely necessary to most people’s lives - in fact, nearly half of all respondents cut down on their daily expenses so they can save money to travel more. For “generation rent” in particular, no matter how expensive an experience or a trip, it is still more __40__ than a house.参考答案：31-40 FDEHB ICGJA2020届松江区高三英语二模Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.From the early 1950s until 2009, a department in the United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence (MoD) documented and investigated reports of UFOs. Now, more than a decade after the program ended, many of those __31__ classified files about UFO will be made available to the public for the first time.Previously, some MoD files about UFOs had been published online at the U.K. National Archives (国家档案馆) website. The Telegraph reported. However, all of the agency's UFO reports will be __32__ this year on “a dedicated web page.” spokesperson for the British Royal Air Force (RAF) told The Telegraph.The decision came after PA Media, a British news agency, filed a request for the UFO files under a/an __33__ on information, according to The Telegraph. MoD officials decided “it would be better to publish these records, rather than continue __34__ documents to the National Archives.”the RAF spokesperson said.The U.K.'s __35__ with UFOs began around 1950. urging the MoD to form the Flying Saucer Working Party to __36__ the phenomenon. according to the UK. National Archives. UFOs in the early 1950s even captured the attention of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who sent a memo to his air minister in 1952 __37__ .“What does all this stuff about flying saucers amount to? What can it mean? What is the truth?”The flying saucer group concluded that UFOs were delusions (错觉) or 38 objects. recommending “that no further investigation of reported mysterious phenomenon in the air be __39__.”Nevertheless, other MoD divisions continued the work of official UFO investigation in the U.KAfter MoD enacted a policy change on Dec.1st, 2009, the agency no longer recorded or investigated any UFO __40__, according to the report. But what they did find-including many recent UFO reports that were previously available only as hard copies-will be published online within the nest few months. said Nick Pope. a former UFO investigator for the MoD.参考答案：31—35 FAECG 36—40 DIKJH2020届徐汇区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why Humpback Whales (座头鲸) Protect Other Species from Killer Whales Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist, describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica in 2009.A group of killer whales were attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam 31toward a pair of humpbacks that had inserted themselves into the action. One of the humpbacks rolled over on its back, and the seal was 32onto its chest, between the whale’s massive flippers (鳍). “That incident 33me,” he says. “Those humpbacks were doing something we couldn’t explain.”Pitman started asking other researchers and whale watchers to send him similar 34 . Soon he was reading through observations of 115 encounters between humpbacks and killer whales, recorded over 62 years. “There are some pretty astonishing videos of humpbacks 35 killer wha les,” he says.In a 2016 article in Marine Mammal Science, a famous scientific journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe this behaviour and confirm that such acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing that something is happening and understanding why it’s happening are two different things. Pitman and his co-authors openly reflected on the meaning of these encounters. “Why,” they wrote, “would humpbacks 36interfere with attacking killer whales, spending time and energy on a potentially37act ivity, especially when the killer whales… were attacking other species of prey?”Interestingly, humpbacks don’t just hit on killer-whale attacks. They race toward them like firefighters into burning buildings. And like those rescue workers, humpbacks don’t know who is in danger until they get there. That’s because the sound that 38them to an attack isn’t the sad voice of the victim. It’s the excited calls of the killer whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one simple instruction: “When you hear killer whales attacking, go break it up.”I wonder what humpback whales care deeply enough about to actively swim into battle with killer whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it still comes down to selfishly 39their own kind. He believes that their occasional rescues of humpback calves(后代) create a strong enough 40for them to rush in to help, even if it means they end up saving sunfish, sea lions, dolphins every now and then.参考答案：31-40 FGCHK BDEJA2020届杨浦区高三英语二模Hunting to Farming Is Not Necessarily GoodShifting from hunting to farming made life 50 percent more difficult for humans, a study by Cambridge University suggests. Although farming (31) ________ previously wandering communities to stay put and grow, it came at a huge cost. Researcher Dr. Mark Dyble, lived with 10 Agta groups and found that those who still hunted and searched for their food spent around 20 hours working in the week to live, but those who had (32) ________ to farming needed to work 30 hours for the same amount of food.“For a long time, the shift from hunting to farming was assumed to represent progress, allowing people to (33) ________ a laborious and uncertain way of life,” said Dr. Dyble. “But as soon as researchers started working with hunter-gatherers they began (34) ________ this narrative, finding that hunters actually enjoy quite a lot of leisure time. Our data provides some of the clearest (35) ________ for this idea yet.” The researchers followed 359 people from the Agta community (36) ________ how much time they spent on leisure, childcare, domestic chores and out-of-camp work. As well as the overall difference in hours worked, the study also found that women living in the communities most involved in farming had half as much leisure time as those in communities which only hunted. Co-author, Dr. Abigail Page added: “We have to be really careful when (37) ________ from contemporary hunter-gatherers to different societies in pre-history.” But if the first farmers really did work harder than hunters then this begs an important question - why did humans adopt agriculture?Previous studies suggested the adoption of farming grew up to help cope with (38) ________ societies, although other experts claimed that it was agriculture itself that allowed sedentary(定栖的) communities to expand, and once they (39) ________ a certain size, it would have been impossible for groups to return to a hunter-gathering lifestyle, even if they had wanted to. Dr. Page says: “The amount of leisure time that Agta enjoy is evidence to the (40) ________ of the hunter-gatherer way of life. This leisure time also helps to explain how these communities manage to share so many skills and so much knowledge within lifetimes and across generations.”参考答案：31-40 J G D F A I K C E B2020届嘉定区高三英语二模Section Bonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Wearing shoes can weaken ankle bonesYour shoes are changing your feet. The ankles of people who 31 wear shoes are different to those of people who tend to walk barefoot. In many industrial societies, people tend to wear shoes from a young age. However, many people around the world often go barefoot, or wear only very thin footwear.“We know that there are some 32 in the feet of modern humans, due to the use of shoes,” says Rita Sorrentino at the University of Bologna in Italy. But most 33 findings relate to the front and middle of the foot. She and her team have focused on the ankle instead. They studied 142 ankle bones from 11 34from North America, Africa and Europe. These 35 sandal-wearing(穿凉鞋的) Nguni farmers in southern Africa, people living in New York and bones from Stone Age hunter-gatherers.The hunter-gatherers’ ankle bones were significantly shorter than those of people living in modern cities, and there were other differences in the shape. “They are mostly related to footwear-related behaviours and movement behaviours,” says Sorrentino. The hunter-gatherers walked barefoot for long distances every day over natural land. Their ankles were relatively 36 . In contrast, people who live in big cities, who wear tight footwear and walk short distances on flat surfaces like concrete roads, had more unbending ankles.Changes to ankle bones take place over the course of a person’s life, and there is no evidence that these alterations can be passed on 37 .According to Sorrentino, 38 evidence for people wearing shoes only exists for the past 10,000 years. For instance, a sandal from a Missouri cave may be 8300years old. Early shoes were all fairly soft, so wouldn’t have 39 the motion of the ankle much.It is an open question whether shoes have disadvantages, but Sorrentino 40 that the firmness of modern shoes causes our bones to become weaker and more likely to suffer from breaking.参考答案：31-35 CKFED36-40 ABIGJ2020届嘉定区高三英语二模Section BHave you ever unintentionally left your phone at home and wondered how you would get through the day? Baylor College of Medicine’s Dr. Jin Han explains why this might be a sign that you need to put down your phone more often.“There has been a(n) __31__ in technology as our phones have gone from just regular cell phones to smart phones that allow you to multitask all with one device,” said Han, assistant professor at Baylor. “You use your phone now to receive emails, to text and chat and to access social media platforms -- __32__ your phone may be your connection to your social life.”Although they offer many advantages, Han cautions that using your smart devices can be harmful if you use them too much. For example, using your smart phone while driving, or even walking, can cause serious accidents. Also, staring at your screen for too long can be harmful to your __33__.Being __34__ too long to your phone also can impact the quality of your relationships, he said. If you are on your phone constantly and not __35__ with those around you, it can take away from your relationships with your family and friends. In addition, if you are using your phone too much in front your children, then they will likely follow your lead and use their own smart devices rather than __36__ with you.“ In the end, the question is how you balance using your phone while not negatively __37__ your health.” Han said. “Anything that you are doing to the __38__ is no healthy anymore. While it is going to be almost impossible not to use this technology, we have t create a behavior that is healthy.”To help __39__ the time you spend on your phone, Han offered the following tips:●Limit the time spent on your phone: Set up certain time that you allow yourself to be on thephone.●Do not use your phone at night: Being on your phone late into the night can make it harderfor you to fall asleep and wake up the next day. Restricting your phone use at night can help you __40__ a healthy sleep behavior.参考答案：31-35:IGEAJ 36-40：BKHFC2020届青浦区高三英语二模Section B。

02-2021年上海市高三英语二模真题专项训练之十一选十Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2021宝山二模can only be u sed once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Embrace the rule of awkward silenceThe rule of awkward silence is simple: When faced with a challenging question, instead of answering, pause and think deeply about how you want to answer. This is no short pause; rather, it involves taking several seconds (10, 20 or longer) to think things through before ____31____ .At Apple, Tim Cook has engaged in the ____32____ for years. Back in 2008, a Fortune article said that in meetings, Cook was "known for long, ____33____ pauses, when all you hear is the sound of his tearing the wrapper of the energy bars he constantly eats."Cook isn't alone in embracing the rule of awkward silence. Steve Jobs once took almost 20 seconds to respond to a personal attack, ____34____ a perfect response.The rule of awkward silence has always been valuable as a tool of emotional intelligence because it allows you to ____35____ thought and emotion instead of simply reacting based on feeling.Why the rule of awkward silence is more valuable than ever.We live in a world that ____36____ instant satisfaction. Emails should be answered on the same day. Text messages should be answered right now. But there's a major problem with all of this immediate communication: It doesn't leave time to think.As in, think ____37____.Critical thinking calls for deep and careful consideration of a subject. It involves weighing and analyzing facts, and careful ____38____. And it results in making insightful connections.None of this is possible without time.And time has become the biggest luxury on the planet.But when you embrace the rule of awkward silence, you steal back time. Time that used to be wasted on ____39____ answers.So, the next time someone asks you a challenging question, or even what seems on the surface to be a simple one, resist the ____40____ to respond with the first thing that comes to mind.Instead, embrace the rule of awkward silence, and think before you speak.答案31-35 FHAKC 36-40 IBJDE2021崇明二模Museums Rethink What to Do with Their African Art Collections Recently, a discussion is happening in museums around the world over the volume of African art in their collections. Officials in Germany and the Netherlands have announced plans to return art and artifacts (j£W) taken from Africa during the 31__________ period. And more museum staff are meeting on the topic across Europe.According to the most commonly 32__________ figures from UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 90% to 95% of sub-Saharan cultural artifacts are 33__________ outside Africa. Many were taken by force long ago and ended up in museums across Europe and North America.At the Africa Museum in Belgium, director Guido Gryseels says 85 percent of the museum’s collection comes from the Congo —the site of Belgium’s 34__________ colony in Central Africa. For decades, Congolese leaders have asked for these objects to be returned. Most of their 35__________ and those by African countries to other museums, have been refused.But recent events in Europe have 36__________ the possibility of returns at a much larger scale. In addition to the plans announced in Germany, last year France conducted a study of how much African art French museums are holding and made 37__________ about what to do with it.The study recommended the return of a wide range of objects taken by force. The suggestion got mixed 38__________ in France, where there are at least 90,000 African items in museums.In France, some people have suggested returns could leave shelves 39__________ in French museums. Gdeile Fromont, a French historian of Central African art, says that’s not going to happen. One way of thinking about it, she says, is that more African art can go on display.However, Guido Gryseels of the Africa Museum in Belgium 40__________ that attitudes are changing. He says he’s in discussion with the Congo to return works.答案31-35 FDGHJ 36-40 BIKAC2021奉贤二模Why Dutch Officials Want You to Forget the Country of Holland The Dutch nation has long been dealing with its identity crisis. For decades, the government used “Holland” and “the Netherlands” 31__________ to describe the country known for its iconic canals, tulip ( 郁金香) fields and windmills. But starting from Jan. 1, all official government communications and 32__________ materials will use the Netherlands as its name.The government has been working on a campaign that might 33__________ the country’s image in the face of growing international competition for the past 18 months, said Ingrid de Beer, the head of the public diplomacy section in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.“Our international image faces some challenges,” she said. Research showed that many people do not know of the Netherlands or have 34__________ concepts of the country. Young people, particularly those in countries farther away, are unfamiliar with the country.The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 12 provinces, two of which —Noord (North) Holland and Zuid (South) Holland —make up Holland. Amsterdam, which 35__________ about 19 million travellers annually, and Keukenhof, one of the world’s largest flower gardens and a popular attraction, are both in the Holland region.The country’s tourism board, 36__________ to handle millions of tourists, stopped promoting its most famous attractions in favor of trying to encourage travellers to go to lesser-known destinations, according to a 2019 report. By 2030, the report predicted, the Netherlands could see 37__________ of up to 42 million tourists — an enormous number for a country of 17 million.The region of Holland has 38__________ contributed the most to the country’s economy and wealth, resulting in its name commonly being used to indicate the entire country.But not anymore, the Dutch government insists. “We are fully aware that internationally, a strong image of the Netherlands contributes to achieving political objectives, promoting trade, attracting talent, investment and tourists and encouraging cultural and scientific 39__________ ,” Ms. de Beer said.Part of the campaign includes an updated logo, a “NL” 40__________ to look like an orange tulip, according to the Minis try of Foreign Affairs. The logo replaces the “Holland tulip,” which was created by the tourism board 25 years ago and used to promote the country.答案31-40 JFBAI 36-40 CHDEG2021嘉定二模What Is a Paragraph Break?It is one of the most important punctuation marks. A paragraph break is an indentation (缩进) or a single line space 31__________ the division between one paragraph and the next in a body of text.Generally, paragraph breaks serve to 32__________ the transition from one idea to another in a stretch of text, and from one speaker to another in an exchange of dialogue.Few readers would think of the paragraph break as a punctuation mark, but it certainly is. In ancient times there were no paragraphs. Sentences simply flowed into one another without 33__________. During medieval ( 中世纪) times, the mark evolved into the paragraph symbol [¶] and eventually became the modern-day paragraph break, which is 34__________ now only by a line break or indentation.Today, the paragraph break is used to give readers a break. The art of creating paragraphs is called paragraphing, the 35__________ of dividing a text into paragraphs. Paragraphing is a kindness to your reader because it divides your thinking into manageable bites. Paragraphs that are too long 36__________ readers with dense blocks of text to read through, while more frequent paragraphing provides readers with convenient 37__________ points at which to take a break and relaunch themselves into thinking.To fully understand when to insert a paragraph break, it’s helpful to know that a paragraph is a group of closely related sentences that develop a central idea. Therefore, each paragraph discusses one 38__________ topic. Also, a paragraph break is employed before each new topic is introduced. In this way, the writing will flow, and readers will be able to proceed through the writing in a logical fashion instead of 39__________ all the way to get to the last line.Paragraphs used to be longer, but with the development of the Internet, which gives readers access to literally millions of sources of information, paragraphs have become increasingly 40__________. The style for many websites, for example, uses paragraphs no more than two to three sentences.答案31-40 EBDFG 36-40 AHIJC2021松江二模New York and New TaxAccording to a Manhattan Institute survey, more than half of high-earning New Yorkers are working entirely from home and 44% are considering leaving the city. Ned Lamont, Connecticut’s governor, has said “the old idea of the commuter (通勤者) going into New York City five days a week may be outdated.” It does seem 31________ that the tens of thousands commuting from Mr. Lamont’s state will continue to do so. The region’s governors have 32________ well together to deal with the pandemic (流行病), but the friendliness may soon end over taxes.When people from 33________ states like New Jersey and Connecticut commute to New York to work for a New York-based employer, they must pay New York tax on the related earned income. Even those who work from home must pay New York taxes unless the employee is working outside New York by 34________.Taxpayers and those states are looking closely at this loophole(漏洞). In December, Connecticut and New Jersey applied to the Supreme Court to consider a case which 35________ a state’s authority to tax non-residents’ income while they are working remotely. They think this is definitely a(n) 36________ to the city’s finances. “Firms have considered leaving the city before, and employees are gradually accepting the idea. They have been working remotely for almost ten months and they’ve 37________ to that idea.”Companies are also watching the progression of the Billionaire Mark to Market Tax Act, which would treat capital 38________ from billionaires’ property as taxable income. New York’s Democratic governor said he would reject any laws 39________ heavy taxes on the rich, because it would drive out wealthy, mobile residents. It would not take too many moving trucks for the city to feel the economic loss, says Michael Hendrix. A 5% 40________ of New Yorkers making about $10,000 would result in an annual loss of $933m—roughly the amount distributed to the city’s health department.答案31-40 EGCAH 36-40 BDKJF2021徐汇二模Ocean plastic has become a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to (31)__________ the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.Research published in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers (32)__________ dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized (33)__________ and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will (34)__________ its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans (35)__________.Renew Oceans is part of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry, and the environment. Trips to India as a child (36)__________ her of the need to do something positive for an environment (37)__________ strained by plastic waste. At Stanford University, she became aware of social entrepreneurship and continued developing her ideas for ending plastic waste in business school at MIT.How does Renew Oceans plan to tackle a(n) (38)__________ insurmountable ( 难以克服的) problem? First, using proprietary(专利的) “biofence” te chnology designed by Renewology, plastic waste is collected as it flows down rivers and branches. ReFences divertthe plastic and thus keep it from accumulating and entering the ocean. As (39)__________, the program has major side benefits. The plastic collected across the developing world will be converted into fuel, while waste pickers will receive compensation directly tied to the fuel generated from the plastic they collect. Renewology can become a powerful (40)__________ for empowering local communitie s while cleaning up the world’s trash and providing necessary fuel.答案31-35 GAJDK 36-40 CHIFB2021闵行二模Celebrity (名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity ____31____ to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the ____32____ of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market ____33____, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past, they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy ____34____ fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they try to ____35____ their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer ____36____. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise inself-promotional marketing. And once the ____37____ attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep is likely to ____38____ to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s(自我的) potential for expansion is ____39____. Having already achieved great wealth and public ____40____, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.答案31-35 CKAHG 36-40 FDJBI2021黄浦二模Would you wear a computer under your skin?Forget smartphones and smart glasses. One day, we might have smart tattoos, body modifications. The company NewDealDesign came up with an idea for a product called UnderSkin. The device would look like a pair of tattoos on your arms and the side of your thumb, but it would actually be a very thin computer implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your body’s energy, and you could use it to unlock doors, _____31_____ your health, exchange and store information, or even express your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea —you can’t go out and get one —but the technology exists to make it work. “We _____32_____ it is about five years from being real,” says designer Gadi Amit.Writer and technology initiator Amal Graffstra already has a chip called a radio-frequency _____33_____ tag implanted in his hand. “I use it to log into my computer.I also use it to share contact details with people,” he says. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice and responds to radio _____34_____ with a unique number for recognition.If a computerized tattoo or _____35_____ tag isn’t crazy enough for you, what abou t a brain chip? The company Intel is working on technology that would let you control your devices with your mind. Dean Pomerleau, one of the researchers, explains, “We’re trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves…. Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your _____36_____.”Do you think these chips sound frightening or cool? Some doctors are _____37_____ about people hurting themselves while getting devices implanted. They argue that medical _____38_____ are meant to heal sick people, and not to give healthy people special powers. Others worry about hacking and _____39_____. Could someone hack in and steal your identity, or even control your mind? On a more _____40_____ level, if you have a computer inside your body, are you still human? Or are you a cyborg, a being that is part human and part machine, or a machine that looks like a human being?What do you think — would you want a computer under your skin?答案31. D 32. H 33. E 34. B 35. I 36.G 37. A 38.K 39. J 40. F2021长宁二模Obstacles can be overcome, say trade expertsThe main problem in the EU-UK talks on a trade deal is resolvable so long as neither side treats the matter as a question of high principle, according to trade experts.German Chancellor Angela Merkel warned on Wednesday that a trade deal must ____31____ a “level playing field, not only for today, but also for tomorrow ”. But BritishPrime Minister Boris Johnson said on Wednesday evening that Britain would never sign up to automatically having to ____32____ future EU rules in areas such as environmental regulations and labour standards in order to keep the ____33____ of a trade deal.Nonetheless, experts said there was the ____34____ for negotiation between Britain’s position, a willingness to swear not to ____35____ regulatory standards as they stand at the end of its Brexit (British exit) transiti on period, and the EU’s quest to ensure that these trade deals work well for ever.The “landing zone” for any deal would likely ensure that the UK was not able to weaken the effectiveness of European regulations and keep the advantages of zero tariffs (关税) in goods: the main feature of the ____36____ free trade agreement.David Henig, UK director of the European Centre For International Political Economy, said what was needed to be agreed were specific ____37____ that the trade deal covered and the process for dealing with possible ____38____.The only reason that this should spoil the trade deal talks, said Mr. Henig, was if one or both sides keep their positions on a matter of principle.Since the start of the talks, the EU’s concern has been to avoid having a(n) ____39____ competitor close to its single market, seizing an advantage through lax (宽松的) environmental regulations and labour standards.The EU has already moved ____40____ on state aid. Brussels entered the negotiations saying the UK should continue to in effect operate the state aid system under the supervision of the European Court of Justice. It has since agreed to an approach based upon agreeing common principles with Britain.答案31--35 BFDIA 36--40 KJHGC2021虹口二模Will a Robot Really Take Your Job?It is one of the most widely quoted data of recent years. No report or conference presentation on the future of work is complete without it. It has been pointed to as evidence of a(n) ____31____ jobs disaster by think-tanks and government agencies. The finding that 47 percent of American jobs are at high risk of being ____32____ by the mid2030s comes from a paper written by two Oxford academics, Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne. It has since been ____33____ in more than 4,000 other academic articles. Such misunderstandings reflect the polarized ( 两极分化的) debate ____34____ the nature of automation and the future of jobs.At one extreme are the negativists. They warn of mass technological ____35____ just around the corner. One advocate of this position, Martin Ford, has written two best-selling books on the dangers of unemployment caused by automation. He worries that middle-class jobs will disappear, economic ____36____ will cease, and the richest people in a country could “shut themselves away in gated communities, perhaps guarded by self-directed military robots and drones.” The ____37____ masses will live on a universal basic income.At the positive end of the debate, classical economists argue that in the past, new technology has always ended up creating more jobs than it has destroyed. It was several decades before industrialization led to ____38____ higher wages for British workers in the early 1800s. While automation is likely to increase ____39____ in the short run by pushing some people into lower-paid jobs, it eventually increases the overall size of the economic pie.Frey is often ____40____ to be in the first camp. His paper simply wanted to point out that 47 percent of the current jobs in America were more likely to be affected by automation. It got more attention than they would ever have expected. In part, this is because fear sells, particularly when i t is stirred up by a misunderstanding.答案31-35 DFIBC 36-40 AEKHI2021静安二模As colleges and universities nationwide revealed their admission decisions, news broke of a dramatic decline in acceptance rates - and not just at Ivy League schools. The shift meant that many high school students who pinned all their hopes on particular dream schools might find themselves____31____ with real disappointment.Why were admissions so low these years? It’s a number game. These years, colleges saw the number of applicants soar to record-high levels. But considering ____32____ budgets, the number of spots colleges could offer had to be ____33____. As a result, both state schools and private colleges kept seeing their acceptance rates fall rapidly.It’s not that most students won’t get into colleges at all. Instead, there are more than enough spots nationwide for every qualified applicant to find a place for study. But for many, the school they end up enrolling in may not have been their first, or even third choice. The ____34____ strike of rejection, in some cases, could be heartbreaking. These are kids who are used to being the best of the best.But some of the pressure is ____35____, without excuses, by students themselves, according to Laurence Steinberg, professor of Psychology. He thinks that Americans fall ____36____ to their own addiction to school rankings and fame. Students and their parents have formed strong commitments to particular schools long before admission decisions are made. “When they are rejected, it’s like being rejected by a boyfriend or girlfriend.” Steinberg says. “They ____37____ it: What’s the matter with me? What could I have done differently?”That emotional ____38____ is often only about what school name students will paste on their parents’ cars but it may also lead to families’ ____39____ of what may actually be the suitable school for the students.Actually, painful as the rejection is, in the long run, getting into a high-ranking university doesn’t necessarily mean competitive ____40____ in terms of job prospects and earnings. A research shows that many students rejected by highly selective schools earn asmuch as Ivy League graduates. What really matters is how seriously students take their studies.答案31-40 FEGDI ABCKH2021普陀二模Spain Looks to Chinese TravelersSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-end market, according to the president of the Spain-China Tourism Association.“It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the all-included (31)__________. They enjoy good food, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Rafael Cascales in a recent (32)__________ with Xinhua.The Spanish business leader described the(33)__________ Chinese tourists as being younger, more international, and perhaps including more women. "They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The (34)__________ large groups of visitors have not disappeared, butthis new form of traveling is becoming more important," he said.Speaking of the (35)__________ pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, the Tourism Association president said, “The money they spend is (36)__________ better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another."In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they (37)__________ two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else —almost four times more than tourists from other countries."They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to (38)__________ with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors in 2017, 700,000 of them from China, a number which the United Nations World Tourism Organization (39)__________ will rise to about 1 million by 2021."We are ready; we have the infrastructure(基础设施)at every level, (40)__________ in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them," Cascales noted.P lastic“Food”EndangeringTurtles Endangered green turtles are confusing plastic for food, according to scientists.Sea turtles mostly find their food visually, by 31________ the color and shape of an object to work out if it is edible. Some of their favorite foods look like plastic.Emily Duncan, a postdoctoral researcher in marine conservation commented in a statement:"The 32________ of this plastic might include things like black trash bags.”Researchers studied 34 turtles who had washed up on the beaches of on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, and found they were 33________ to pieces of plastic which looked like sheets or threads, and were black, clear or green.The team were able to look at the gastrointestinal tracts(胃肠道) of 19 turtles.All of themhad eaten plastic, 34________ from 3 to 183 pieces in total.Smaller turtles had eaten more plastic than bigger animals.That could be because of their naivety.The team concluded that green turtles, 35________ younger individuals, who feed in the coastal waters of Cyprus, regularly 36________ and eat plastic so much that the vast majority of animals contain some plastic in their gastrointestinal tracts at the time of their death.The findings 37________ past studies which show other species of turtle get mixed up between food and waste.The problem doesn't just affect green turtles.Extremely high 38________ of plastic are found in oceans across the world, leading to all sea turtles, at least 36 percent of sea birds, and many fish species being found to have taken in plastic waste.Professor Brendan Godley, who leads the Exeter Marine research strategy at the University of Exeter and co-authored the work, commented:"Research like this helps us understand what sea turtles are eating, and whether certain kinds of plastic are being 39________ more than others."It's important to know what kinds of plastic might be a particular problem, as well as highlighting issues that can help 40________ people to continue to work on reducing overall plastic consumption and pollution.Disrupted Schooling Spells Worse Results and Deeper Inequality The first meeting between teachers in Montpelier, Vermont, before the start of the autumn term is usually festive —_____31_____ over breakfast and coffee. This year they had to make do with an online video conference. After a scramble in the spring (to set up online learning,。