听力

听力测试指标通常包括以下几个方面：
1. 听阈值（Hearing Threshold）：指能够听到特定声压级的声音的最小强度。

听阈值越低，表示听力越好。

2. 频率响应（Frequency Response）：指不同频率声音对听力的影响程度。

正常人耳的频率响应范围为20Hz-20kHz，而某些人可能会在这个范围内出现听力损失或失真。

3. 语音辨别能力（Speech Recognition）：指在嘈杂环境中识别和理解语言的能力。

这可以通过测量语音识别得分来评估。

4. 语音辨别阈值（Speech Recognition Threshold）：指在特定背景噪声下仍能识别和理解语言的最低语音强度。

5. 听觉空间分辨率（Spatial Resolution）：指区分来自不同方向的声音的能力。

这可以通过测量听觉空间分辨率得分来评估。

6. 听觉时间分辨率（Temporal Resolution）：指区分短暂声音的能力。

这可以通过测量听觉时间分辨率得分来评估。

听力练习的重要性及技巧听力是语言学习的重要组成部分，也是提高语言能力的关键环节。

通过听力练习，我们可以提高听力理解能力，加强对语言的感知和理解，提高口语表达能力，培养语感，丰富词汇量，提高语言流利度。

本文将探讨听力练习的重要性，并分享一些有效的听力技巧。

一、听力练习的重要性1. 提高听力理解能力：通过大量的听力练习，我们可以逐渐熟悉语言的语音、语调、语速等特点，提高对语言的理解能力。

这对于我们在日常生活中听懂他人的交流，尤其是在外语环境中理解他人的对话非常重要。

2. 加强对语言的感知和理解：通过听力练习，我们可以更好地感知和理解语言中的细微差别，如音调、语气、语境等。

这有助于我们更准确地理解他人的意思，避免产生误解。

3. 提高口语表达能力：听力和口语是相辅相成的，通过大量的听力练习，我们可以模仿和学习他人的口语表达方式，提高自己的口语表达能力。

同时，通过听力练习，我们可以学习和积累更多的词汇和表达方式，丰富自己的语言资源。

4. 培养语感：通过反复听取语言的声音和节奏，我们可以培养自己的语感，提高对语言的敏感度。

这有助于我们更好地掌握语言的韵律和语法规律，提高语言的流利度和准确性。

5. 丰富词汇量：听力练习是积累词汇的有效途径之一。

通过听取各种语言材料，我们可以接触到更多的词汇，学习和掌握更多的词汇用法和搭配。

这对于我们的语言表达能力和写作能力都有很大的帮助。

二、听力练习的技巧1. 多样化的听力材料：选择不同类型的听力材料进行练习，如新闻、讲座、对话、电影、歌曲等。

这样可以帮助我们熟悉不同场景下的语言表达方式，提高对语言的适应能力。

2. 分段听取：对于较长的听力材料，可以将其分成若干段进行听取，每段听完后进行总结和复述。

这样可以提高对细节的把握和理解能力。

3. 多次听取同一材料：多次听取同一段材料，可以帮助我们更好地理解和掌握其中的内容和语言表达方式。

每次听取后，可以对比自己的理解和原文的差异，找出自己的不足之处，并加以改进。

听力解决方案听力解决方案：提高听力的有效方法一、引言听力是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，无论是在学习、工作还是社交场合，都需要具备良好的听力能力。

然而，对于很多人来说，听力却是一个难题。

他们可能会遇到听不清、听不懂或者听力下降等问题，这些问题不仅会影响他们的生活质量，还会给他们的学习和工作带来很大的困扰。

因此，如何提高听力能力成为了一个迫切需要解决的问题。

二、问题分析在解决听力问题之前，我们首先需要了解造成这些问题的原因。

以下是一些常见的听力问题及其原因：1.听不清：这可能是由于耳朵感染、耳朵堵塞或者听力损失等生理原因导致的。

此外，噪音干扰也可能使人听不清。

2.听不懂：这可能是由于词汇量不足、语法结构不熟悉或者口音差异等语言原因导致的。

此外，文化差异和背景知识缺乏也可能导致听不懂。

3.听力下降：这可能是由于年龄增长、长时间暴露于噪音环境或者某些疾病导致的。

此外，不良的生活习惯和缺乏锻炼也可能导致听力下降。

三、解决方案针对以上问题，我们可以提出以下解决方案：1.定期检查听力：定期进行听力检查可以及时发现和解决听力问题。

如果发现听力损失或者其他耳朵疾病，应该尽快就医治疗。

2.提高词汇量：扩大词汇量可以帮助我们更好地理解听到的内容。

通过阅读、听力练习和词汇记忆等方法可以提高词汇量。

3.熟悉语法结构：熟悉语法结构可以帮助我们更好地理解句子的意思。

通过学习语法规则和进行语法练习可以提高语法水平。

4.了解口音差异：了解不同地区的口音差异可以帮助我们更好地理解不同人的发音。

通过接触不同地区的人和使用口音识别软件可以了解口音差异。

5.增加背景知识：了解不同领域的背景知识可以帮助我们更好地理解听到的内容。

通过阅读、观看相关视频和参加讲座等方法可以增加背景知识。

6.减少噪音干扰：在听力过程中减少噪音干扰可以帮助我们更好地听清内容。

通过使用降噪耳机、选择安静的环境和避免同时使用多个电子设备等方法可以减少噪音干扰。

7.保持健康生活习惯：保持健康的生活习惯可以预防听力下降。

听力测试内容
听力测试的内容包括一系列测试，旨在评估一个人的听力水平。

以下是一些常见的听力测试内容：
1. 纯音测听：通过播放不同频率和强度的纯音，测试受试者是否能听到这些声音以及在不同频率下的听力阈值。

2. 言语测听：通过播放一些日常生活中的话语、句子或词汇，测试受试者是否能理解这些言语内容。

3. 噪声测试：在有噪声和无噪声的情况下测试受试者的听力，以评估其对噪声的敏感性和在不同环境下的听力表现。

4. 声导抗测试：测量中耳的声阻抗和声导抗，以评估中耳的功能是否正常。

5. 耳声发射测试：通过测量耳道内的声音反射，以评估耳蜗的功能是否正常。

6. 听觉脑干反应（ABR）测试：通过测量脑干对声音的响应，以评估听觉神经和脑干的功能是否正常。

7. 耳蜗电图（ECochG）测试：通过测量耳蜗的电位变化，以评估耳蜗的功能是否正常。

8. 听觉诱发电位（AEP）测试：通过测量大脑对声音的响应，以评估听觉通路的整体功能。

这些测试可以帮助医生评估一个人的听力状况，并确定是否存在听力损失或听觉障碍。

听力理解评分标准
听力理解评分标准是用来评估人们在听力方面的能力和技巧的指标。

以下是常见的听力理解评分标准：
1. 理解主要观点：考察听者是否能够理解和抓住听力材料的主要观点和中心思想。

这包括对听力材料的整体意义的准确理解。

2. 掌握细节信息：考察听者是否能够捕捉和理解听力材料中的细节信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件等。

这要求听者具备辨别重点信息和次要信息的能力。

3. 理解隐含意义：考察听者是否能够推测和理解听力材料中的隐含意义和含蓄信息，如说话者的态度、情感等。

这要求听者具备一定的推理和推断能力。

4. 识别关键词汇：考察听者是否能够辨认和理解听力材料中的关键词汇，如专业术语、重要词汇等。

这有助于听者更好地理解听力内容。

5. 掌握听力结构：考察听者是否能够抓住听力材料的整体结构
和组织方式，如段落结构、对比、因果关系等。

这有助于听者更好
地组织和理解听力信息。

6. 适应不同语速：考察听者是否能够适应不同语速的听力材料，包括快速和慢速的语速。

这要求听者具备辨别和理解快速语速下的
信息的能力。

7. 辨别口音和发音：考察听者是否能够辨别不同的口音和发音，如美式英语、英式英语、澳大利亚英语等。

这有助于听者更好地理
解听力内容。

以上是常见的听力理解评分标准，通过评估这些方面，可以更
准确地评估一个人在听力方面的能力和水平。

注意：以上信息仅为一般性的听力评分标准，具体评分标准可
能因考试或评估机构的要求而有所不同，请参考具体的考试说明或
评估要求。

听力材料分类与难度等级随着全球英语教育的发展，听力考试成为了英语考试中不可或缺的一部分。

为了更好地组织听力教学和考试，听力材料的分类与难度等级成为了一个重要的问题。

本文将就这一话题展开论述。

一、听力材料分类根据不同的目的和使用范围，听力材料可以分为多个类别。

以下是一些常见的分类方式：1. 主题分类：根据材料所涉及的主题将其分类。

例如，旅游、教育、科技等。

2. 形式分类：根据材料的形式和内容将其分类。

例如，讲座、新闻报道、对话等。

3. 难度分类：根据材料的难易程度将其分类。

接下来将详细讨论此类别。

二、听力材料难度等级为了满足不同学习者的需求和评估学生听力水平，听力材料一般被划分为不同的难度等级。

以下是一些常见的听力材料难度等级：1. 初级水平：适合入门学习者，材料内容简单易懂，语速较慢，重点词汇和句子较少。

2. 中级水平：适合掌握一定基础的学习者，材料内容略复杂，语速适中，较多使用常见词汇和简短句子。

3. 高级水平：适合有一定英语听力能力的学习者，材料内容较复杂，语速较快，使用较多的高级词汇和长句。

不同等级的听力材料可以帮助学习者逐步提高听力技巧和语言运用能力。

在教学和考试中，学生可以按照自己的实际水平选择适当难度的材料进行学习和练习。

三、听力材料分类与难度等级的重要性听力材料的分类与难度等级对于教学和考试都具有重要意义。

首先，合理分类听力材料可以帮助教师更好地组织教学内容，根据学生的水平选择适当的材料进行教学。

这样可以提高教学效果，让学生在适当的挑战中不断进步。

其次，根据难度等级划分听力材料可以为学生提供明确的学习目标和评估标准。

学生可以根据自己的实际情况选择适合自己的等级进行学习，同时可以通过逐级挑战提高听力水平。

最后，将听力材料按照难度等级分类也方便了考试的组织和评估。

考试机构可以根据学生报名情况和需求，提供不同难度等级的听力材料供学生选择。

综上所述，听力材料的分类与难度等级在英语教学和考试中扮演着重要的角色。

听力训练的好处听懂不同口音和语速的窍门听力训练的好处：听懂不同口音和语速的窍门在当今全球化的时代，英语已经成为一种跨文化交流的重要工具。

对于学习者来说，能够听懂不同口音和语速是提高英语水平的关键。

本文将讨论听力训练的好处，并提供一些窍门，帮助读者更好地应对不同口音和语速。

一、听力训练的好处1. 增强语音感知能力通过听力训练，学习者能够更好地感知和辨别不同的发音方式和声音特点。

这对于正确理解并模仿英语中的各种音素和音调至关重要。

通过反复练习，学习者能够逐渐培养敏锐的语音感知能力，提高自己的发音准确度和自然度。

2. 提高语言理解能力对于那些学习者来说，他们可能会在理解不同口音和语速时遇到困难。

然而，经过一段时间的听力训练后，学习者能够更好地适应并理解来自不同地区和国家的说话者的语言。

这将帮助他们更准确地理解和使用英语，提高对不同语言风格和表达方式的敏感度。

3. 增加听力材料的多样性通过听力训练，学习者可以接触到来自不同地域、不同国家和不同语言环境的输入材料，包括录音、讲座、电视和电影等。

这将使他们有机会了解和体验不同文化中的语言使用方式，拓宽他们的视野，并提高对语言上下文和实际应用的理解。

二、听懂不同口音和语速的窍门1. 多听多练只有经过大量的听力练习，学习者才能逐渐熟悉和理解不同口音和语速下的英语。

因此，建议学习者多听英语广播、听力教材或者其他听力资源，并进行反复的听写练习。

通过不断重复训练，学习者能够提高自己的听力技巧和对不同口音的适应能力。

2. 听力材料多样化除了常规的听力材料外，学习者可以尝试听取更多来自不同地区和国家的输入材料，例如英语国家的广播、访谈等。

此外，学习者还可以试听一些非英语国家的英语教学材料，这将帮助他们更好地应对非母语背景的英语使用者。

3. 刻意训练口音和语速为了更好地听懂不同口音和语速下的英语，学习者可以刻意进行针对性的训练。

例如，找一些带有浓重口音的演讲或录音进行听力练习，并尝试跟读模仿，逐渐提高自己的听辨能力。

听力策略教案一、引言在英语学习中，听力技能是非常重要的一部分，但是很多学生常常过于依赖课本，缺乏实际听力训练，导致在英语听力考试中表现不佳。

因此，为了帮助学生有效提高听力能力，本教案将介绍一些听力策略和技巧供学生参考和实践。

二、听力策略一：积极预测在进行听力理解时，积极预测是一种十分有效的策略。

学生可以通过观察问题的关键词及听力材料的背景信息，推测可能会出现的答案。

这样做不仅帮助加深对听力内容的理解，还能提高听力效率。

三、听力策略二：注意关键词关键词在听力理解中起着至关重要的作用。

学生应该学会提取关键词，并通过关键词快速理解和记忆听力内容。

同时，还可以利用关键词的关联性来推测缺失的信息。

四、听力策略三：练习听辨变调变调是很多学生在听力中的一个难点。

为了帮助学生提高对变调的辨别能力，教师可以准备一些变调的练习材料，让学生在课堂上进行反复练习，以增强对语音变调的敏感度。

五、听力策略四：做笔记记录在听力过程中做好笔记记录也是一种有效的策略。

学生可以将关键词、数字或其他重要要点记录下来，以便日后复习和回顾。

同时，通过写作的方式整理听力材料，可以加深对所听内容的理解。

六、听力策略五：多听多练无论何种听力策略都需要通过反复练习来巩固和提高。

学生应该养成多听多练的习惯，可以通过听英语广播、观看英语电视节目、进行口语练习等方式来增加对英语听力的接触时间，提高听力技能。

七、听力策略六：利用多媒体资源随着科技的发展，学生可以利用各种多媒体资源来提高听力技能。

例如，在线听力练习软件、英语学习网站、英语学习App等都是很好的资源，学生可以根据自己的需求选择合适的资源进行听力训练。

八、总结通过本教案的介绍，我们了解了一些有效的听力策略和技巧。

学生可以根据自己的实际情况选择其中的几种策略进行实践，以提高听力能力。

同时，需要注意的是，只有通过反复练习才能真正巩固所学的听力策略，因此希望学生能够坚持不懈地进行听力训练，不断提高自己的听力水平。

听力中的常见难点解析听力在英语学习中具有重要的地位，然而，很多学习者在进行听力训练时常常会遇到一些难点。

本文将对听力中的常见难点进行解析，并提供相应的解决方法。

1. 听不清楚细节信息在听力过程中，学习者经常会遇到无法清晰听到细节信息的问题。

这可能是因为听力材料的语速较快，或者是由于学习者对于某些词汇的发音不熟悉。

解决这个难点的方法是，多进行听力练习，提高对于不同语速的适应能力，并针对性地对发音不熟悉的词汇进行重点训练。

2. 难以辨认口音不同地区会有不同的口音，在听力中辨认口音可能会成为学习者的难点。

为了克服这个问题，可以多听一些不同地区的英语材料，提高对不同口音的理解和识别能力。

此外，可以选择一些专门针对不同口音的听力材料进行训练，以帮助提高听力的准确性。

3. 听不懂连读和弱读英语中的连读和弱读是使句子更加流畅和自然的语音特点，但对于学习者来说，理解这些特点可能会有困难。

为了克服这个难点，可以多听一些正常速度的英语材料，培养对连读和弱读的听觉敏感性。

此外，可以通过学习语音语调知识，了解连读和弱读的规律，从而更好地理解和运用它们。

4. 丢失关键词在听力过程中，有时会因为关键词的遗漏而导致对整个句子的理解出现困难。

为了解决这个问题，可以在听力过程中注重捕捉关键词，强化对这些词汇的记忆。

同时，可以提前预测或者猜测可能出现的关键词，并在听到这些词汇时加以重点记忆。

5. 听力记笔记困难很多学习者在进行听力训练时会试图记下所有的关键信息，结果导致分心和错过后续内容。

为了克服这一问题，可以通过提高自己的听力技巧来更好地进行笔记。

例如，可以学习使用符号和简略的词汇来记录信息，同时注重获取关键信息而非详细信息。

此外，进行大量的听力训练，提高对语境的敏感性和理解能力，有助于更好地进行听力笔记。

6. 速度掌握不准确有些学习者在听力过程中往往因为无法跟上语速而产生困扰。

为了提高听力速度的掌握，可以多进行听力训练，提高自己的反应速度和听觉处理能力。

《听⼒教程3》听⼒原⽂及参考答案Book ThreeUNIT 1Section OnePart 1Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted* depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that. Part 2Listening for GistA: Tuesday two fifteen. Let me look inmy diary. B: No, Thursday.A: Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you said Tuesday.B: Thursday two fifteen. No, I'm sorry. I've got an appointment until three. Could we make it later?Say three fifteen?A: Well, there's a lot to talk about. It'll take a couple ofhours, at least. B: Shall we say Monday morning, then?A: Monday morning. All right. Nine o'clock?B: Nine. I think that will be all right. I'll ring you backand confirm. A: All right. But ring before five, couldyou?B: All right.A: Right you are. Bye. B: Bye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointmentWoman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just let meexplain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen. Mondaymorning. nine o'clock.Section Two Listening comprehensionPart 1 DialogueI'm terribly sorry I'm late.Woman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just letme explain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?Woman: Uh ... the one near my flat. You know. Lewis Brothers.Man: Yes, I know that garage. It's the only one near your flat.Woman: Hmm, well now, let's have something to eat. Uh, what about some ... Man: I know the garage very well! Woman: Yes. Let's see now. Yes, I think I'll have some ...Man: A pity it's Sunday.Woman: Pardon?Man: A pity it's Sunday. That garage is closed on Sunday!Exercise Directions: Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions."Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car."4.Because she wants to stop the conversation like this.Because he knows the girl is lying.Part 2 PassageThe Oscar Statuette1 Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit", but the term never stuck.2. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, a Hollywood columnist used the name in his column.3. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.1.T hey are possibly boyfriend and girlfriend.2.In a restaurant.3."It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?""I've only been waiting for over an hour.That's all" "After all, my time isn't reallythat important, is it?" well, at least It waslucky you found a barrage to repair yourcar4. If the statuettes don't meet strict quality control standards, they are immediately cut in half and melted down.5.The large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices via air express, with no identifiable markings.The Oscar statuette, designed by MGM's* chief art director Cedric Gibbons, depicts* a knight holding a crusader's* sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes, signifying the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar". Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit". The entertainment trade paper, Weekly Variety, even attempted to popularize "the iron man". The term never stuck.A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director, Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hepburn's first Best Actress win. The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 1939.Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exceptions. In the 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas* of the statuette; a ventriloquist* Edgar Bergen was presented with a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth; and Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster. After the War, winners turned in the temporary awards for golden Oscar statuettes.The traditional Oscar statuette, however, hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the base was made higher. In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No. 501.Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens. If they don't meet strict quality control standards, the statuettes are immediately cut in half and melted down.Each award is individually packed into a Styrofoam* container slightlylarger than a shoebox.Eight of these are then packed into a larger cardboard box, and the large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices in Beverly Hills via air express, with no identifiable markings.On March 10, 2000, 55 Academy Awards mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City* to the City of Angels. Nine days later, 52 of stolenstatuettes were discovered next to a Dumpster* in the Koreatown section of Los Angeles by Willie Fulgear, who was later invited by the Academy to attend the Oscar 2000 ceremonies as a special guest.For eight decades, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, and even managed to escape unscathed* from common thieves. Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer* and into the gold," explains the company president. "Or maybe people stored them someplace where they corroded." Although he stresses that the statuette is made to endure, Siegel offers this sage advice to all Oscar winners: "If it gets dusty, simply wipe it with a soft dry cloth." Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionEvery January, the attention of the entertainment community and of film fans around the world turns to the upcoming Academy Awards, the highest honor in filmmaking. The annual presentation of the Oscars has become the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' most famous activity. The Oscar Statuette is a knight holding a crusader's sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listening to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.----I...- 1. There were five original branches of the Academy.(Because the five spokes on the reel of film signify the original branchesof the Academy:Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.)~ 2. The Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar" in 1928.(Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Meritwas officially named "Oscar.")----I...- 3. The Academy staff began referring to the Academy statuette as Oscar because Margaret Herrick said the statuette was like her uncle Oscar.(An Academy librarian and eventual executive director, MargaretHerrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so,and as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.)4. Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards. (There were a few notable exceptions. In 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas of the statuette and a ventriloquist Edgar Bergen gained a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes. )----I...- 5. Oscars were made of plaster in the 1940s because of the War. (Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster.) ----I...- 6. The manufacturer, R. S. Owens makes about 50 Oscars each year in Chicago. (Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens.)~ 7. 55 Academy Awards were stolen by a mysterious person en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels on March 10, 2000.(On March 10,2000,55 Academy Awards just mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels, but how and by whom was unknown.) ~ 8. For eighty years, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, managed to escape unscathed from common thieves and even chemical corrosion.(Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer and into the gold."Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.T he traditional Oscar statuette hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the basewas made higher.In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No.501.2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item1Bush-NATO-IraqMr. Bush says he hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if he decides to take military action against Iraq.All the same, the president says no action is likely in the near future. He says for now the focus is on implementing the new UN resolution that calls for a tough weapons inspection regime* and warns of consequences if Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein fails to comply*.Administration official say they expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UN resolution. They say President Bush will bring up Iraq in his bilateral meetings in Prague*, but they also say they do not believe the Iraqi threat will be the focus of the summit.In Prague, the alliance plans to take steps toward the creation of a rapid deployment force that can playa role in combating terrorism. The president said even the smallest NATO member nations can contribute something to the causeExercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions1.He hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if hedecides to take militaryaction against Iraq.2.No, the president says no action is likely in the near future.3.They expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UNresolution.4.The NATO summit is held in Prague.No, it will not be the focus of the NATO summit.Bush-IraqPresident Bush says everyone knows the real power in Iraq lies with Saddam Hussein: "There is no democracy. This guy is a dictator and so we have to seewhat he says." The president says the Iraqi leader has a choice to make: disarm peacefully or be disarmed by force: "If Saddam Hussein does not comply to the detail of the resolution, we will lead a coalition to disarm him. It is over. We are through with negotiations. There is no more time. The man must disarm. He said he would disarm. He now must disarm." Mr. Bush spoke with reporters while touring the Washington D.C. police department, a tour designed to highlight his plan to create a cabinet level Department of Homeland Security. He left no doubt his patience regarding Iraq is wearing very thin*, stressing the United States will no longer tolerate any efforts by Saddam Hussein to circumvent* demands to disarm. Exercise BExercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Bush administration's attitude towards Iraq. Directions: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).British Prime Minister Tony Blair delivered a radio address late Thursdayto the Iraqi people warning that Saddam Hussein must comply with UN demands or suffer the consequences.Prime Minister Blair said Saddam Hussein must cooperate with UN weapons inspectors, or be prepared to face military action. In an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabic service Thursday, Mr. Blair said war could be avoided, if Iraq agreed to disarm."The situation is very clear. If Saddam Hussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical, or biological or nuclear weapons programs and capability, then conflict would be avoided, and his duty is to cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, to cooperate and comply with them in the eradication of that material."The prime minister said he wanted to speak directly to the Iraqi people to try to dispel* what he called myths that have arisen between Christians and Muslims. He said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East or about oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about British Prime Minister's stand on the Iraqi issue.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Prime Minister Blair warned that Saddam Hussein would suffer theconsequences unless he cooperated with the UN weapons inspectors. Saddam Hussein should cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, and comply with them in the eradication of that material.2.On Thursday Tony Blair had an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabicservice.3.According to the Prime Minister, the conflict can be avoided if SaddamHussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical. or biological or nuclearweapons programs and capability.4.Mr. Blair said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East orabout oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature reportBlix’s Iraq InspectionThe chief UN arms inspector has been assigned the task of searching for weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. The Security Council gave Iraq this last opportunity to disarm or face serious consequences, a euphemism* for possible war. The United States says it will make sure Iraq disarms, one way or another.But Mr. Blix* emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the courseof events in the region. He says they will visit suspected sites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret* out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.As for US and British intelligence reports, which the Bush administration says proves that Iraq has banned weapons, Mr. Blix says he is not going into Iraq with pre-conceived ideas of what is there.The next test for Iraq will be December 8th, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters* for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.After the preliminary technical work starting Monday, Mr. Blix says, he expects the first wave of inspections to start November 27th. Two months later, he is required to report to the Security Council on Iraq's performance.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about Mr. Blix's weapons inspections in Iraq.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Mr. Blix emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the course of events in the region. He says they will visit suspectedsites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.The next test for Iraq will be December eighth, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.Part 2 PassageRise and Fall of Egypt1.The Nile River was a kind friend but occasionally a hard taskmaster of the。