高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解学生自练题(一)11

考点11--推理判断之引申推断--讲考点--胸有成竹【2022年推理判断之引申推断考点归纳】【2023年高考命题预测】推理判断之引申推断考点是高考中的必考点。

每年的高考阅读理解中都会有引申推断题以考查学生的推理判断能力，推理判断题的答案是通过对文章中材料的分析得出的结论，它不是文章中直接的事实。

预测在2023高考中，引申推断会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。

【推理判断之引申推断考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：1. What can be inferred about the ......?2．What can be inferred about ......from the last paragraph?3．What can we learn from ......?4．What can we infer about ...... from the text?如何解决引申推断题？引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。

做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。

此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和conclude(推断，做出结论)。

考例分析：D【2022·全国高考乙卷】The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first sixmonths showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A. It is a short-sighted decision.B. It is a success story.C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets customers.【答案】15. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

阅读理解专题卷11One evening, a young man at a certain college who was known to be something of a poet read one of his poems to a small group of his friends in a room．The poem was greatly admired．But afterwards, one of them, who was called Crick, said, "I was very interested in Hand’s poem, but it was stolen from a book."His words were reported to Hand, who was very angry and required an apology．"Well," said Crick, "I don’t often take back what I said, but this time I admit (承认) I was mistaken．When I got to my room, I looked in the book which I thought the poem was stolen from, and I saw it was still here!"1．The poem Hand read one evening was written by .A．Hand B．CrickC．one of his friends D．another poet2．Hand’s friends admired the poem mainly because .A．it was read by Hand B．Hand was a poetC．it was really wonderful D．it was stolen from a book3．From the story, we know that Crick .A．was really mistaken B．really took back what he saidC．was a poet himself D．was quite familiar with the poem4．When Hand required an apology, Crick .A．didn’t do as Hand asked B．admitted he was wrongC．was unwilling to do so D．showed the poem to Hand5．According to the passage, we can infer that Hand .A．was a young poet B．liked poems very muchC．would be a poet D．was regarded as a poetSchools across the country are turning green. So-called green schools are built from recycled and environmentally friendly materials. They are designed to use less energy than traditional school buildings. In the next few years, Southern California alone plans to open 150 green schools. Studies have shown that there are good reasons to go green, including good air quality that cuts down on asthma(哮喘)attacks and airborne germs that can cause illnesses. Students learn better in classrooms that have natural light and ideal temperatures. Green schools have lower energy bills. Go On, Get GreenHere’s how to save energy and help the environment.Light SaversTurn off the lights in a room when it is not in use. This bright idea can produce big savings on energy costs. Some schools use sensors that automatically shut off the lights when there is no motion in a room.Heat SmartYour school’s thermostat(温度调整器)should be set to 78℃in warm weather and 68℃in cooler weather. The temperature can be even farther from the comfort zone at night and on weekends, when no one is using the school building.Reuse, RecycleReuse paper, cans, bottles and batteries. Use both sides of notebook paper. Carry a lunch box rather than a paper bag. Recycle whatever you can reuse.Don’t Drip(滴水)Leaky taps can waste large amounts of water. A small, steady flow can add up to hundreds of gallons a year. Report drips if you see them.6．What is the best title for the passage?A. Green Schools.B. Reusing and Recycling.C. Light Savers.D. No Dripping.7．Some schools are called green schools because ______.A. they are built from new materialsB. they are painted greenC. there are more trees in these schoolsD. they are built from recycled materials8．All of the following are advantages of a green school EXCEPT __________.A. the air quality of the school is greatB. the temperature is comfortableC. the school has lower energy bills than a traditional schoolD. it is more beautiful than a traditional school9．In a green school, students will ________.A. use both sides of their notebook paperB. not use lights at allC. use paper bags to carry foodD. get sick more easilyIn October 1961 at Crowley Field in Cincinnati Ohio an old deaf gentleman named William E. Hoy stood up to throw the first ball of the World Series. Most people at Crowley Field on that day probably did not remember Hoy because he had retired(退休) from professional baseball 58 years earlier in 1903. However he had been an outstanding player and the deaf people still talk about him and his years in baseball.William E. Hoy was born in Houckstown Ohio on May 23, 1862. He became deaf when he was two years old. He attended the Columbus Ohio School for the deaf. After graduation he started playing baseball while working as a shoemaker.Hoy began playing professional baseball in 1886 for Oshkosh(Wisconsin) of the Northwestern League. In 1888 he started as an outfielder(外场手) with the old Washington Senators. His small figure and speed made him an outstanding base runner. He was very good at stealing bases during his career. In the 1888 major league season he stole 82 bases. He was also the Senators’ lead ing hitter in 1888. Hoy was clever and he threw right-handed and batted left-handed. On June 19,1889 he threw out three batters(击球手) at the plate from his outfield position.The arm signals used by judges today to show balls and strikes began because of Hoy. The judge lifted his right arm to show that the pitch was a strike and his left arm to signal that it was a ball.For many years people talked about Hoy’s last ball game in 1903. He was playing for Los Angeles of the Pacific Coast Winter League. It was a memorable game because Hoy hit a wonderful ball which won the game. It was a very foggy day and therefore very hard to see the ball. In the ninth inning(棒球的一局) with two men out, Hoy managed to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of the fog. Los Angeles defeated their opposition and won the game. After he retired Hoy stayed busy. He ran a dairy farm near Cincinnati for 20 years. He also became a public speaker and traveled giving speeches. Until a few years before his death he took 4-10 mile walks several mornings a week. On December 15, 1961 William Hoy died at the age of 99.10．In which order did the following things happen in Hoy’s life?a. Hoy worked as a shoemaker.b. Hoy began to run a diary farm.c. Hoy played a memorable game in the heavy fog.d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series.e. Hoy became deaf.A. d e a c bB. e a c b dC. d a e c bD. e a b c d11．We can infer from the last paragraph that Hoy _______ in his late years.A. became famousB. led a relaxed life。

话题十一新闻媒体(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2019·太原市高三年级模拟试题(二)]Inside WeWork's New York City headquarters on a Thursday morning, a handful of kids were selling carrots and peppers. The children are members of WeWork's first school, WeGrow, where farming is part of the curriculum. They were interacting with WeGrow employees browsing the goods.“How many carrots would you like？” One girl asked. “We take Apple Pay，” another shouted.Founded in 2010, WeWork has made a name for itself as a global network of coworking spaces. WeGrow is WeWork's newest enterprise(事业) and its first attempt in the education industry.WeGrow, a school which claims to grow “conscious leaders”，is inspired by the Montessori approach to learning that gives children the freedom to explore and choose their activities, so their nature of creativity and curiosity is preserved. But the goal is not to create next-generation CEOs. “Leadership is a bit of an exciting word for people，”said Rebekah, WeGrow's founder and CEO. “We've seen children do such a thing forever — running a lemonade stand every time, that's what that is.”WeGrow opened in the fall last year. Currently, 46 kids are enrolled in classes from pre-kindergarten to fourth grade. The kids start every morning with live music, followed by yoga. They spend time in nature and choose to take either Hebrew or Mandarin courses. WeGrow students learn science, math, social studies and language arts. It also has a program for kids to connect with WeWork community members with careers in areas kids might be interested in. But the main concern is that standardized tests are not available to measure the students' overall progress.They want to create an environment where people can work to make a life and not just a living, but that's part of a larger mission to raise the world's awareness towards creating a world where people are happy and fulfilled and living in a sharing state.1．What do we know about WeGrow from the text?A．It was founded in 2010.B．It is intended for gifted kids.C．It aims to preserve kids' nature.D．It got a lot of satisfaction from parents.2．Which of the following reflects the Montessori approach?A．All kids learn to run the lemonade stand.B．Students are allowed to establish markets in the yard.C．The school committee arranges students' activities.D．Students work hard academically to become CEOs.3．Why is it hard to measure students' progress?A．Because there are so many courses.B．Because the students are of a wide age range.C．Because standardized tests have limitations.D．Because the school lacks professional testers.4．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．A Farming-featured SchoolB．An Education-based BusinessC．Grow to Be a Future LeaderD．Learn to Make a Life, Not Just LivingB[2020·兰州市高三诊断考试]In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight.A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. So, what were the key social media trends of 2018?Short video apps such as TikTok and its Chinese equivalent(等同物) Douyin, took the world by storm. The Telegraph reported that TikTok was ranked 8th on Apple's App store in April. And Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users in June at home, CNBC said.Why are these short videos —which are rarely longer than a few minutes — so popular? Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules，” he told CNBC.These videos —apart from being very convenient —are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue.Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musically who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.”Live streaming(直播) is a feature of our social media life that nowseems as natural as sunrise. It's a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live. However, China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, more than 100 million viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of live streams. Among them is viewers' ability to interact with unknown names.However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time; that doesn't mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds.5．The underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly means “being ________”．A．changeable B．steadyC．promising D．violent6．According to Liza Koshy, short videos are very popular because ________.A．they are very convenientB．they help people kill timeC．they provide a sense of communityD．they allow people to express themselves7．What do we know about social media?A．The information from social media is totally reliable.B．When it comes to social media, people only know short videos.C．People can't communicate with each other without social media.D．There is still much room for social media to make improvement.8．What is the author's attitude to the quick development of social media?A．Objective. B．Subjective.C．Favorable. D．Disapproving.Ⅱ.七选五[2020·沈阳市高三教学质量监测(三)] I don't think social media is “evil”or “ruining the world”. Instead, it is completely amazing to most people. __1__. It pulls my attention away from important projects. So I decide to stop using it.I once had a social networking website account for about 24 hours. I used Weibo for a couple of years. While I have experimented with various social media platforms over the years, I rarely play with anyplatform for more than a year. I currently do not use any social media networking platforms at all. __2__. People often ask me, “Why？”Social media helps me to find my true love. Social media helps unknown voices get discovered. __3__. Yet, despite everything, I repeatedly arrive at the conclusion that social media is “just not for me”．__4__. Imagine that... it is the end of my life. I'm hopefully, 100 years old, reflecting upon a century's worth of dreams, passions, adventures, and a few regrets. At the end of my life, will I say to myself: “I am so grateful that I posted messages 151,200 times over the course of my life. How wonderful！”The average human life expectancy is 39,420,000 minutes, if you are lucky. How are you currently spending your life minutes? This can be a frightening question to face, regarding social media or any other “time investment”. __5__.A．Let's be gratefulB．Let's fast forwardC．That's the reason why I don't like social mediaD．I do not think I will ever use social media againE．Social media helps people to express themselvesF．However, it might be the only question that really countsG．But for me, social media often feels like an attractivedistractionⅢ.语法填空[2019·南昌市三模]Nowadays, it seems like everything is going digital. From news articles and recipes to yoga classes, you can find almost everything on the Internet. Many people find this way of life more1.________ (convenience). Perhaps that's why some people choose2.________ (shop) for their clothes online.With the click of a button, you can order anything you want, and have it 3.________ (deliver) directly to your front door. For someone with a busy lifestyle, this seems ideal. Firstly, online shopping can be far less stressful 4.________ hitting the high street shops. There are no huge crowds of people 5.________ boringly long queues. With online shopping, it's just you and your computer. Secondly, online 6.________ (store) don't have opening time and closing time. If you want to, you can even place an online shopping order at three o'clock in the morning!However, there are also several cons. With online shopping, you can't try before you buy, which 7.________ (be) a clear disadvantage. Whenyour new clothes arrive, you may find they don't fit very 8.________ (perfect). It's always 9.________ (annoy) when a dress is a little too big, or when sleeves are awkwardly short. Sometimes, the clothes are not 10.________ you are expecting. A piece of clothing might look great in photos online, but quite different in real life.话题十一新闻媒体(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A体裁：说明文题材：新闻报道主题：WeGrow【文章大意】本文主要介绍了WeWork开设的第一所学校WeGrow的相关情况，包括其办校宗旨、学习内容等。

一轮复习高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly." It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed," he adds.Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack "is built around safety from the start". In his words, "Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. "It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot," he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike ________.A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quicklyB. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters highC. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teamsD. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed（2）Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that ________.A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliableB. the engine of the Jetpack is powerfulC. the actual structure of the Jetpack is uniqueD. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height（3）The underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refers to ________.A. the jet streamB. the engineC. the JetpackD. the parachute （4）What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles.D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实，然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题，文中介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位，并对产品进行了改进。

备战高考：阅读训练专题(1)说明：本套练习共五篇阅读，难度适中，内容有趣，适合在课堂上进行限时阅读。

经过教学实践体会，练习效果令人满意。

( A )When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings. Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a goo d student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? J anet, didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like ? Well, you now have that girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.I brought the list back t o Daddy. He refused to take it.“That’s just for you,” hesaid.“You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll fin d it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.1.Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?A. Not an Enemy, but the Best FriendB. The Best Advice I’ve Ever HadC. My FatherD. My Childhood2. What does “Week by week her list grew” mean?A. Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them outto me.B. She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.C. I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.D. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious.3. Why did her father listen to her quietly?A. Because he believed that what her daughter’s “enemy” said was mostly true.B. Because he had been so angry with his daughter’s shortcom ings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while.C. Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.D. Because he wasn’t quite sure which girl was telling the truth.4. What did the father do after he had heard his daughter’s complaint?A. He told her not to pay any attention to what her“enemy” had said.B. He criticized (批评) her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.C. He told her to write down all that her“enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true.D. He refused to take the list and have a look at it.( B )When other nine-year-old kids were playing games, she was working at a petrol station. When other teens were studying or going out, she struggled to find a place to sleep on the street. But she overcame these terrible setbacks to win a highly competitive scholarship（奖学金）and gain entry to Harvard University. And her amazing story has inspired a movie, “Homeless to Harvard: The Liz Murray Story”, shown in late April.Liz Murray, a 22-year-old American girl, has been writing a real-life story of willpower and determination. Liz grew up in the shadow of two drug-addicted（吸毒）parents. There was never enough food or warm clothes in the house. Liz was the only member of the family who had a job. Her mother had AIDS and died when Liz was just 15 years old. The effect of that loss became a turning point in her life. Connecting the environment in which she had grown up with how her mother had died, she decided to do something about it.Liz went back to school. She threw herself into her studies, never telling herteachers that she was homeless. At night, she lived on the streets.“What drove me to live on had something to do with understanding, by understanding that there was a whole other way of being. I had only experienced a small part of the society,”she wrote in her book Breaking Night.She admitted that she used envy to drive herself on. She used the benefits that come easily to others, such as a safe living environment, to encourage herself that “next to nothing could hold me down”. She finished high school in just two years and won a full scholarship to study at Harvard University. But Liz decided to leave her top university a couple of months earlier this year in order to take care of her father, who has also developed AIDS. “I love my parents so much. They are drug addicts. But I never forget that they love me all the time.”Liz wants moviegoers to come away with the idea that changing your life is “a s simple as making a decision”.5．In which order did the following things happen to Liz?a. Her mother died of AIDS.b. She worked at a petrol station.c. She got admitted into Harvard.d. The movie about her life was put on.e. She had trouble finding a place to sleep.A. b, a, e, c, dB. a, b, c, e, dC. e, d, b, a, cD. b, e, a, d, c6. The main idea of the passage is ________.A. how Liz managed to enter Harvard UniversityB. what a hard time Liz had in her childhoodC. why Liz loved her parents so muchD. how Liz struggled to change her life7. What actually made her go towards her goal?A. Envy and encouragement.B. Willpower and determination.C. Decisions and understanding.D. Love and respect for her parents.8.When she wrote “What drove me to live on...I had only experienced a small part of the society”, she meant that ________.A. she had little experience of social lifeB. she could hardly understand the societyC. she would do something for her own lifeD. she needed to travel more around the world( C )Over many years, there has been an increase in the population of towns in many countries, as millions of people have moved from the villages in search of better jobs and facilities (设施),in the hope of getting a higher standard of living. This development has led to huge expansions of towns both upwards into the sky andoutwards into the surrounding countryside. In spite of all the efforts of governments and private businesses, many areas still suffer from a serious shortage of housing.Now, a new idea has been put forward which will utilize (利用vt.) areas which have no other obvious commercial potential (商业潜能). These are the ponds, small lakes, disused docks, and other areas of water, many of which can be found near, or even in the suburbs (郊区) of big towns.A new style of construction has been designed which will provide a house for less than half the cost of the normal building. The main saving is, of course, the land, because the new houses will float on water. There will be no need for foundations; instead the house will be built on a frame (框架)made of steel which is expected to cost about ￡5,000. Above this the builders will make a house with two, three, or four bedrooms and all the usual modern conveniences, as well as a roof garden. Each house will be joined to the main services supplying water, gas, and electricity and they will have a vacuum sewage disposal (真空污水处理)system. All the service links will have enough flexibility (灵活性) to allow for small differences in the water level caused by wet and dry periods of weather.The first houses to be built are expected to cost between ￡20,000 and ￡30,000 according to size and it is already clear that there is a very good potential market for the new system. As the cost is comparatively low, young people and common citizens would like to buy.9. So many people have moved into towns because ______.A. they enjoy the facilitiesB. they expect to live a better lifeC. they expect to get better jobsD. there is a shortage of jobs in villages10. What is the main advantage of the new idea?A. It will help relieve（缓解）the housing shortage.B. It will utilize disused areas of water.C. It will provide jobs.D. It will help the suburbs.11. The new houses will be built on _________.A. waterside areasB. a stone foundationC. lakes and riversD. a steel frame12. The price of the new houses will ________.A. encourage private and government buildersB. attract ordinary people in the towns to buyC. vary in different areas according to the policyD. help the housing market in the countryside( D )“It hurts me more than you,” and “This is for your own good.” These are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy on us. They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students --- “so passive” --- and wonders what happened. Nothing was demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Klompus, contributes to children’s passivity. “We’re not training kids to work any more,” says Klompus. “We’re talking about a generation of kids who’ve never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them. Instead of saying‘go and look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say ‘no’ to a kid.”Yes, it does. It takes energy and it tak es work. It’s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It’s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it’s for their own good. It’s time to start telling them ‘no’ again.13.Children are becoming more inactive in study because _______.A. they watch TV too oftenB. they have done too much homeworkC. they have too many dutiesD. teachers are too strict with them14.We learn from the passage that the author’s mother used to lay emphasis on____.A. learning LatinB. disciplineC. natural developmentD. education at school15. By “permissive period in education” , the author means a time ______.a) when children are allowed to do what they wish tob) when everything can be taught at schoolc) when every child can be educatedd) when children are permitted to receive education16. The main idea of the passage is that _______.a) parents should leave their children aloneb) kids should have more activities at schoolc) it’s time to be more strict with our kidsd) parents should always set a good example to their kids( E )This is time of year when we think about giving and receiving presents. Can you find a little extra to give? On this page we suggest a few organizations you might like to help.Littleton Children’s HomeWe don’t want your money, but children’s toys, books and clothes in good condition would be very welcome.Also — we are looking for friendly families who would take our children into their homes for a few hours or days as guests. You have so much—will you share it? Phone Sister Thomas on 55671.Children’s HospiceWe look after a small number of very sick children. This important work needs skill and love. We cannot continue without gifts of money to pay for more nursing staff. We also need story books and toys suitable for quiet games.Please contact The Secretary, Little Children’s Hospice, Newby Road.Street FoodIn the winte r weather, it’s no fun being homeless. It’s even worse if you’re hungry. We give hot food to at least fifty people every night. It’s hard work, but necessary. Can you come and help? If not, can you find a little money? We use a very old kitchen, and we urgently need some new saucepans. Money for new ones would be most welcome indeed.Contact Street Food, c/o Mary’s House, Elming Way. Littleton Phone 27713. Littleton Youth ClubHave you got an unwanted chair?—a record player?—a pot of paint?Because we can use them!We want to get to work on our meeting room!Please phone 66231 and we’ll be happy to collect anything you can give us.Thank you!The Night ShelterWe offer a warm bed for the night to anyone who has nowhere to go. We rent the former Commercial Hotel on Green Street. Although it is not expensive, we never seem to have quite enough money. Can you let us have a few pounds? Any amount, however small, will be such a help.Send it to us at 15,Green St, Littleton. Please make check payable to Night Shelter.17. Reading the passage, you might like to help these organizations which workfor .A. homeless and sick childrenB. less fortunate members of our societyC. hungry people who have no beds to sleep inD. friendly members of our society to help others18. If you like children and you could offer a happy family to a homeless child, you may go to .A. Street FoodB. Night ShelterC. Children’s HomeD. Children’s Hospice19. If you want to help but you have no extra to give, you may dial and offer your help.A.27713B.55671C.62735D.6623120. If your child has grown up, you may take the child’s things to .A. Children’s Home and Children’s HospiceB. Youth Club and Children’s HomeC. Children’s Hospice and Night ShelterD. Youth Club and Night Shelter答案: BAACADBCBADBABACBCAA备战高考：阅读训练专题(2)（A ）My grandfather grew up in war-torn Europe. When German soldiers occupied his hometown ,the thriving city of Tarow, Poland, he refused to obey them and eventually joined the Soviet army to fight for his country’s freedom . “Stand straight, stand tall,” he told himself.After the war, in 1947, he boarded a boat for Manhattan. He was hungry and suffering from seasickness. All alone in a new country, he was frightened about his future .Still, he marched head-on into the hustle and bustle of the streets of New York . Soon he met other European immigrants, each of them trying to find his or her own way .If they could do it, why couldn’t he? “Stand straight, stand tall,” he would remind himself.Thanks to the help of a loyal and trusting friend, my grandfather gained a jewelry booth （店铺）on Canal Street, New York City .He once told me how nervous he was on that first day of work. He was not only trying to learn this tough new business, but also a new language.To his surprise, the men in neighboring booths—who could have taken advantage of him—offered their help and advice. Within months, my grandfather was commanding his spot behind the counter, selling diamonds and cultured pearls as if he’d been doing it his whole life.Stand straight and stand tall.In later years, my grandfather would take both my mother and her sister down the aisle at their weddings. As he stood with each of them, he thought about their new beginnings, and of the adventures and journeys they would experience together .He also thought about the children who would one day carry on his family name.I am so proud to be one of those children. Listening to my grandfather’s remarkable experiences has changed the way I view my own life.1．Which is the correct order of the things that happened in the passage?a. My grandfather took both my mother and her sister down the aisle at their weddings.b. World War II broke out in Europe.c. My grandfather went to America.d. My grandfather began to run his diamond business.e. The men in neighboring booths helped him.A．b, c, a ,d, e B．b, c, d ,e ,a C．b, c ,e , a ,d D．c, b ,e ,d ,a 2．Which is NOT true according to the passage?A．My grandfather was a soldier during World War II.B．My grandfather went to America by sea.C．My grandfather had been doing a jewelry business his whole life.D．My grandfather ran his business successfully.3．Grandpa probably inspired his grandchildren in time of trouble by saying “”.A．A friend in need is a friend indeedB．God help those who help themselvesC．Stand straight ,stand tallD．Practice makes perfect4．It can be concluded that .A．Grandpa never lost heart in time of hardshipsB．Grandpa never threw doubt upon his fateC．Grandpa was born to be a businessmanD．Grandpa didn’t live up to his friend’s expectations （答案：BCCA）( B )How Do Animals Catch Their ZZZ’s?Different creatures have developed some pretty creative ways to get their rest and stay safe. The lizard（蜥蝎）likes to sleep at the far end of small branches hanging out over a pond or lake in the rain forest. If a snake tries to slither up the branch to eat it, it will shake the branch and knock the lizard off ,and the lizard will fall safely into the water. Chameleons （变色龙）can change color to match their surroundings in order to hide even while sleeping.Corillas（大猩猩）like to sleep high in the trees. They build a new bed every night, sometimes taking up to half an hour to pile branches ,twigs ,and leaves into a comfortable bed .Birds also find it safe to sleep in the trees, but unless they have eggs or young chicks ,they don’t use a nest .They just lock their feet around abranch and hang on. A special tendon（腱）in their legs is automatically tight when they are at rest ,so they won’t let go and fall.Dolphins(海豚) live underwater ,but must come to the surface tobreathe .Scientists now believe that dolphins may sleep with only half their brain, while the other half stays awake to keep them safe and breathing. Seals (海豹) also do this，lying on their sides on the surface of the water with one flipper underwater paddling to keep their noses above the surface. Some ducks may also have this ability, and actually sleep with one eye closed and one eye open.5．How many animals are mentioned in this passage?A．6. B．7. C．8. D．9. 6．How does a chameleon protect itself while sleeping?A．By changing its body colors. B．By hinging out over a pond.C．By sleeping with half their brain. D．By making beds with branches. 7．Why will not birds fall when they are at rest?A．They build nests and sleep in them. B．They fall asleep automatically.C．They have a loose tendon in their legs D．They lock their feet around a branch.8．What does the writer intend to tell us?A．The cleverest animal is the gorilla because it can make beds.B．Differences in habitat could lead to different living habits.C．The ways animals catch their ZZZ’s are pretty much the same .D．In order to protect themselves most animals choose not to sleep. （答案：CADB)( C )But I wonder about my Momma sometimes, and all the other Negro(blacks )mothers who got up at 6 a.m. to go to the white man’s house with sacksover their shoes because it was so wet and cold. I wonder how they made it .They worked very hard for the man, they made his breakfast and they scrubbed his floors and they took care of his babies. They didn’t have too much time for us.I wonder about my Momma, who walked out of a white woman’s clean house at midnight and came back to her own where the lights had been out for threemonths ,and the pipes were frozen and the wind came in through the holes in the wall. She’d have to make deals with the rats: leave some food out for them so they wouldn’t bite the doors or the babies. The roaches（蟑螂）？Oh, they were just like part of the family!I wonder how she felt telling those white kids she took care of to brush their teeth after they ate, to wash their hands after they finish bathroom. She could never tell her own kids because there wasn’t soap or water back home.I wonder how my Momma felt when we came home from school with a list of vitamins and pills the school nurse said we had to have .Momma would cry all night , and then go out and spend most of the rent money for pills. A week later, the white man would come for his e ighteen dollars’ rent and Momma would beg him to wait until tomorrow. She had to lie to him that she had lost her wallet or the relief check was coming soon or the white people had some money for her. Tomorrow I’d be hiding in the closet (衣橱) because there were only supposed to be two kids in the flat ,and I could hear the rent man shout at my Momma and call her a cheat. And when he finally went away, Momma put the sacks on her shoes and went off to the rich white man’s house to dress the rich white kids so their mother could take them to a special baby doctor.9．Mother got up at 6 a.m. every day, because .A．she had to cook breakfast for her childrenB．she had to catch the first bus to the factoryC．she had to work in the white man’s houseD．she had to go to see a special baby doctor10．Mother never told us to brush our teeth or to wash our hands because .A．she though we didn’t need to B．we didn’t like washing handsC．we had done everything very well D．there was no soap or water in our home11．Why did the writer hide in a closet when the landowner came for rent?A．The closet could only hold two kids.B．Only two kids were allowed to live in the house.C．They should pay more rent for two kids.D．There was only one bedroom for the two kids.12．What does the writer mainly tell us?A．Black people lead a miserable life.B．Black people don’t have enough rent money.C．White people lead an expensive life.D．White people have special baby doctors. (答案：CDBA)( D )I recently spent two years in the Arctic (北冰洋) filming the series (系列节目) Blue Planet. I love being in an environment that hasn't changed for 20,000 years. Of course it's freezing, but it must be a healthy place because you never catch colds.When I'm filming, I like to really feel how lonely the environment is. Filming underwater involves (包括) cutting through thick ice and diving in tied to a line. The person at the other end has to be ready to pull you out fast if necessary.Originally I was a research diver for the British Antarctic Survey project, but for me science lacked excitement. I'd always enjoyed photography, and whenever camera teams passed through, they encouraged me to watch and learn. I was then able to move into filming in 1985 and have concentrated on（专门从事）Arctic and Antarctic wildlife ever since.I prefer to be faced with the animals I'm filming. I haven't got in the water with killer whales (鲸鱼) yet, but I plan to. Of course, it's dangerous if you choose the wrong moment. They're big animals and can move fast, so I'd be stupid to film them searching for food!I've never had problems with polar bears, although once I was frightened when one tried to get into my tent. Polar bears are bold( 勇敢), clever and dangerous. But I made this one see I wasn't about to attack it ---- I'm sure it realized I wouldn't hurt it.When I come home back from my trips, I work in the mornings and spend the afternoons swimming to keep fit. Now I'm fifty, filming is harder. The challenge for me is to continue to deliver (交付) high-quality work (作品).13. In this text, the writer is describing __________.A. the challenges of the environment he works inB. the beautiful scenery of the ArcticC. the career opportunities in TV camera work.D. the difficulties of having to work alone14. What does the writer say about his early career?A. He was bored by working only in Antarctic.B. It taught him how to become a skilled diver.C. He wasted the years he spent as a scientist.D. It provided him with a chance to learn about filming.15. When talking about killer whales, the writer says that __________.A. he has always been careful when diving with themB. he tries to avoid any danger by facing themC. he will only film them from a safe distanceD. he believes there are safe opportunities to film them16. How does the writer describe his experience with a polar bear?A. The writer realized he was wrong to trust polar bears.B. The writer felt nervous that the bear might come back.C. The bear seemed to know the writer wasn’t a danger.D. The animal was much more afraid than the writer was. (答案：ADDC)( E )People tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using e-mail. Researchers from Open University in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to each other, to solve a problem. They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers. Dr. Jo hnson said, “They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face. When the computers were fitted with (安装) cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”Generally the information was not extremely personal. It was mainly about things such as where they went to school, or where they used to live. But some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experiences.Dr Johnson believes that e-mailing encourages people to focus on (专注于) themselves. And when they do this, they become more open, especially if there are no cameras. “If you cannot see the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourself. This is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of you. So e-mailing has become the modern way of talking,” said Dr. Johnson. However, this style of talking is not entirely new. “In the 19th century people started to use the ‘telegraph’ to communicate. Now the same kind of thing has happenedand people ended up speaking more freely.”Dr. Johnson thinks that e-mailers need to know about these effects of e-mailing, especially when they start work in a company. “If you don’t kno w about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”17. The subject discussed in this passage is _______.A. how people open up when emailingB. how people do research studiesC. how to communicate at workD. how to discuss and solvea problem18. The reason that some couples talked freely about themselves is that _______.A. they didn’t talk about very personal thingsB. they couldn’t see each otherC. the cameras on the computers were turned onD. they had to discuss a question19. What does the underlined sentence refer to?A. The telegraph.B. The computer.C. E-mailing.D. Face-to-face talk.20. In the writer’s o pinion, one should ______.A. focus on oneself when e-mailingB. talk more freely in e-mails than usualC. discuss any subject that one wants toD. consider how one uses e-mail at work (答案：ABCD)备战高考：阅读训练专题(3)( A )Pet owners are being encouraged to take their animals to work, a move ( 时尚) scientists say can be good for productivity (效率), workplace morale (士气), and the well-being of animals.A study found that 25% of Australian women would like to keep an office pet. Sue Chaseling of Petcare Information Service said the practice（做法）of keeping office pets was good both for the people and the pets. “On the pets’ side, they are not left on their own and won’t feel lonely and unhappy,” she said. A study of major US companies showed that 73% found office pets beneficial (有好处).Xarni Riggs has two cats walking around her Global Hair Salon in Paddington. “My customers love them. They are their favorites,” she said. “They are not troublesome. They know when to go and have a sleep in the sun.”Little black BJ has spent nearly all his two years “working” at Punch Gallery in Balrnain. Owner Lain Powell said he had had cats at the gallery for 15 years. “ BJ often lies in the shop window and people walking past tap (轻敲) on the glass,” he said.Ms Chaseling said cats were popular in service industries (服务行业) because they enabled a point of conversation. But she said owners had to make sure both their co-workers and the cats were comfortable.。

一轮复习最新高考英语阅读理解练习题(及答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Babies born in summer are more likely to become short-sighted in late life, a study has shown. As many as a quarter of all cases of short-sightedness are caused by too great an exposure to sunlight in the first weeks of life, say eye experts.They are advising all parents to put sunglasses on their babies during the first weeks. Scientists had already established that over-exposure to sunlight caused shortsightedness in animals.Researchers who compared the months in which babies were born with whether they needed glasses later on say the principle also applies to humans.A study of almost 300, 000 young adults-the largest of its kind-showed that those born in June and July had a 25 per cent greater chance of becoming severely short-sighted than those born in December or January.Research leader Professor Michael Belkin, of Tel Aviv University, said it was because prolonged illumination(光照) causes the eyeball to lengthen-causing short-sightedness.Hence the more light a newborn is exposed to, the more the eyeball lengthens and the worse the short-sightedness will be.The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the sun.In young babies not enough melatonin is released as protection, meaning they are more vulnerable to sunburn and changes to eyeball shape.Sight expert Professor Daniel O'Leary, of Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge, said "At the moment we don't know the precise cause of why light exposure affects sight, but the evidence seems to prove that it is one of the reasons for people becoming shortsighted."（1）Babies born in summer are more likely to be shortsighted ____________.A. because the summer sun is too strong for babiesB. because babies born in summer have lengthened eyeballsC. if they are exposed too much sunlight in the first weeks after they are born D if parents don't know a proper way to protect their babies' eyes（2）Melatonin is a kind of material to ___________.A. prevent the eyes from becoming near-sightedB. protect the skin from harmful sun raysC. make our body strongD. protect babies' eyes from summer sun（3）From what Professor Daniel O'Leary says we can conclude that ___________.A. there is no evidence that shortsightedness is related to exposure to sunlightB. whether light exposure affects sight still needs to be further provedC. he believes that light exposure can cause shortsightednessD. he tries to give the cause of why light exposure affects sight（4）The underlined word "vulnerable" in the passage probably means __________.A. easy to be harmedB. resistantC. protectiveD. changeable【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。

一轮复习高考英语专题复习阅读理解(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Demand for the Chinese tech company's devices(设备) is red hot even though the country's overall market for smartphones is getting smaller Huawei's China sales rocketed more than 20% in the final quarter of 2018, and experts say that's partly due to the US government's global campaign against the company.“The latest tension between the US and China raised the patriotism(爱国主义) in Chinese consumers, said Jusy Hong, an analyst at research firm IHS Markit.He pointed out that some Chinese companies encouraged employees to buy Huawei phones late last year. The moves were a gesture of support after the firm's chief financial officer was arrested in Canada in early December at the request of the United States.Huawei's booming sales show how major parts of its business continue to increase even as the United States tries to persuade other countries to shut Huawei products out of 5G wireless networks and pursues(追究) criminal charges against it. The company expects to overtake Samsung as the world's biggest smartphone maker by next year.Huawei sold 30 million phones in China in the last three months of 2018, nearly three times as many as Apple(AAPL), according to data published this week by research firms Canalys and IDC. Apple's sales plunged almost 20%.Huawei's success in China, the world's largest smartphone market, is more than about geopolitics(地缘政治). Chinese consumers love its flagship, high -end- phones because they have great cameras, cutting edge technology and cost less than the latest iPhones, according to analysts. And by offering a selection of cheaper phones, Huawei is able to target a bigger market. It also benefited from the troubles this year at ZTE (ZTCOF), a rival Chinese smartphone and telecommunications equipment maker. ZTE was banned by the US government from buying vital American parts for months last year.（1）Why did Huawei's China sales increase greatly according to the article?A. Because the company's devices are always popular worldwide.B. Because Chinese consumers' patriotism was aroused.C. Because the government encourages people to buy Huawei devices.D. Because the country's overall market for smartphones is getting bigger.（2）What can we conclude from the third paragraph?A. Huawei's chief financial officer was arrested in Canada due to the US's request.B. All Chinese companies showed their support to Huawei with their purchase.C. Jusy Hong thought the United States arrested Huawei's chief financial officer.D. Jusy Hong thought the arrest of Huawei's chief financial officer is unfair.（3）How do you understand the underlined word in the fifth paragraph?A. increased greatly by.B. reduced greatly to.C. dropped greatly by.D. remained steady.（4）Why is Huawei's success in China more than about geopolitics?A. Because Huawei has the largest smartphone market in the world.B. Because Huawei's success is only limited within China mainland.C. Because Huawei has the ability to target a bigger market in the world.D. Because Chinese consumers are quite satisfied with Huawei smartphones.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。

一轮复习最新高考英语阅读理解练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解At first, Michael Surrell didn't see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbors' home. He and his wife had just parked around the corner from their own house in Allentown, Pennsylvania, when they got a call from one of his daughters, "The house next door is on fire!" He went to investigate. That's when he saw two women and a girl hysterical (歇斯底里的)on their porch."The baby's in there!" one of the women cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, instinctively ran inside. "The baby" was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman's granddaughter and a playmate of Surrell's three youngest kids, then 8, 10, and 12. The other two on the porch were Tiara's aunt and cousin.Entering the burning house was like "running into a bucket of black paint," Surrell says. The thick smoke caused him to stumble blindly around, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been hazardous for anyone, but for Surrell, who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (慢性阻塞性肺疾病), they were life-threatening. He was the last person who should have run into a burning building--- he has lung disease. But that didn't stop him.After a few minutes in the smoke filled house, he retreated outside to catch his breath. "Where is Tiara?" he asked desperately." The second floor." her aunt shouted back.Surrell knew he couldn't hold his breath for long. So he uttered a little prayer, "Well, Lord, this is it. You gotta help me, because I'm not coming out without that little girl." Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time.The darkness was overwhelming. Yet because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor. He turned to the right and was met by intense heat. He was already out of breath."Baby girl, where are you?" His throat and lungs burned as if he'd inhaled fire instead of the smoke and soot in the air. Every blink stung his eyes. All he could hear was the crackling and popping of burning wood. ①.Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. An ominous thought crossed his mind: I'm probably gonna die up here.Finally he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled Tiara toward him. ②Her body was limp and she wasn't breathing. He scooped her into his arms and stood. He felt the heat of the flames on his cheeks. Turning, he fought through the smoke and ran blindly into the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside. Surrell put Tiara down on the porch.③. A voice told him, "You have to breathe for her." He started CPR -the first time he'd ever done so. The women stood behind him, praying silently. Soon a soot-filled cough came from Tiara's throat. Surrell gave five more breaths. She coughed again. Her eyes flickered. He gave one final breath. She opened her eyes and took a breath on her own.④.Their eyes met. Surrell hugged her tight and said, "Uncle's got you." Soon after, his throat closed off.Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later, having suffered severe burns to his windpipe and the upper portion of his lungs. He spent over a week in the hospital. Tiara was released from the hospital after a few days. The fire exacerbated Surrell's pulmonary condition, and he feels the effects even two years later. As a result, he takes extra medication that helps open his airways. "It's a small price to pay," he says. "I'd do it again in a heartbeat. Wouldn't giveit a second thought."（1）Michael Surrell ran to save "the baby" mainly because______.A.he was on the scene casuallyB.he was driven by instinctC.his daughter was in dangerD.his own house was at risk（2）Why should Surrell be the last person to run into a burning building?A.The fire department had been called.B.He was 64 years old at that time.C.The condition was life-threatening.D.He had chronic pulmonary disease.（3）In the course of rescue, Surrell______.A.had to move out for breath because of smokeB.was prevented by the overwhelming smokeC.made it to the second floor without any troubleD.could clearly hear the sound made by the baby（4）Which blank could the sentence "Then a weak but distinct voice emerged" be best put in?A.①B.②C.③D.④（5）From the last paragraph, we can learn that______. .A.Surrell came back to life a week laterB.Tiara had to stay in hospital for weeksC.Surrell's disease became more seriousD.Tiara needed further extra medication（6）What can be a suitable title for the passage?A.Breathe for HerB.Struggle to surviveC.A small price to payD.A man with lung disease【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）A（5）C（6）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病的人不顾个人安危去邻居家着火的房子里成功救出小女孩，因此造成他肺部疾病加重，但是他对自己所做的从不后悔。

一轮复习高考英语专题复习阅读理解(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers who reviewed data from 12 clinical trials involving about 54,000 people. In a series of controversial papers, the researchers argue that the increased health risks tied to red meat are small and uncertain, and that cutting back likely wouldn't be worth it for people who enjoy meat.Those conclusions go against established medical advice. They were swiftly attacked by a group of famous U.S. scientists who took the unusual step of trying to stop the papers from being published until their criticisms were addressed.The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak, and that there's not much certainty meat is really the cause, since other diet and lifestyle factors could be at play.If the latest example of how divisive nutrition research has become, with its uncertainties leaving the door open for conflicting advice. Critics say findings often aren't backed by strong evidence. Defenders counter that nutrition studies can rarely be conclusive because of the difficulty of measuring the effects of any single food, but that methods have improved.Based on their analyses, the researchers said people do not have to cut back for health reasons. But they noted that their own advice is weak, and acknowledged that they didn't consider factors such as animal welfare and the environment. Indeed, the case that meat production is bad for animal welfare and the environment is stronger than the case that it's bad for human health, according to an editorial that accompanies the report.Not all of the report authors agreed with its conclusions. Three of the 14 researchers said they support reducing red and processed meats. A coauthor of one of the reviews is also among those who called for a publication delay.Those who pushed to postpone publication also questioned why certain studies were included in the reviews while others were left out.As for his own diet, Dr. Gordon Guyatt, a member of the international research team that conducted the reviews, said he no longer thinks red or processed meats have significant health risks. But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.（1）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce a new relationship between health and eating red meat.B.To urge more people to keep away from eating red meat regularly.C.To present a new controversial view on impacts of eating red meat.D.To criticize nutrition studies for lacking of conclusive evidence.（2）What is the author's attitude towards the new research?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Objective.（3）Guyatt's avoiding red meats has the weakest connection with_______.A.health risksB.diet habitsC.animal welfareD.environmental protection（4）What can we learn from the recent research?A.Red meats don't have significant health risks.B.Reducing meat consumption will be worth it.C.The report authors have reached a consensus.D.Consuming red meat will do good to health.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者对于吃红肉是否与癌症和心脏病有关引用了研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章。

专题11 阅读之主旨大意【考纲解读】阅读理解在高考中的比重非常大。

所谓“得阅读者得天下”，拿下了阅读就等于拿下了高考的半壁江山。

所以提分的重点就在于阅读。

而阅读理解中主旨大意题是常考题型，也是容易出错的题型之一。

掌握解题步骤，确保主旨大意题的正确率是非常重要的。

【核心考点】一、识别主旨大意题；二、主旨大意题解题方法；考点一【主旨大意的识别提分秘籍】题干主要设置：1.What would be the best title for the text? /What is the topic of the text?2.The main topic / subject of the passage is _________.3. The main idea/The general idea is/The main theme of this passage is…4.The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on _________.5. What is mainly discussed in the text?6.What is the main idea of the passage?7. What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?8. The purpose of this passage is.9. Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?10. Which of the following best summarized the passage?11.The passage mainly focuses on.归纳：文章中如何寻找关键词1.举例中的关键词一定不是文章关键词2.Timex是细节词，细节词不能有3.首段出现疑问句时，对该疑问对回答就是主题句考点二【主旨大意提分秘籍】Main idea 题型的解题步骤1.关键词一定要有2.细节词不能有3.主题句一般在段首断尾，首段尾段提升训练1.【2021年浙江卷1月阅读理解C篇】Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.“That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s c all, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signalling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother’s back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that’s not unique to humans,” said Dr Hobaiter.Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”.“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little tocommunicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.”30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated【参考答案】D 主旨大意题文章第一句即点明主旨，研究人员表明，他们已经破译出野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义。