【精准解析】辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期初考试物理试题
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辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学2018-2019学年高二数学文下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 满足条件|z-i|=|3+4i|的复数z在复平面上对应点的轨迹是A.一条直线B.两条直线C.圆D.椭圆参考答案:C2. 已知,,则()A. B. C. D.参考答案:A【分析】利用二倍角公式得到正余弦关系,利用角范围及正余弦平方和为的关系得出答案.【详解】,又本题正确选项:【点睛】本题考查三角函数中二倍角公式、同角三角函数基本关系式的应用,易错点是忽略角所处的范围,造成符号错误.3. 已知双曲线E:﹣=1(a>0,b>0)的离心率是,则E的渐近线方程为()A.y=±x B.y=±x C.y=±x D.y=±2x参考答案:C【考点】双曲线的简单性质.【分析】根据双曲线的离心率,求出=即可得到结论.【解答】解:∵双曲线的离心率是,∴e==,即==1+()2=,即()2=﹣1=,则=,即双曲线的渐近线方程为y═±x=±x,故选:C.4. 函数的图像必经过点 ( )A、(0,1)B、(1,1)C、(2,2)D、(2,0)参考答案:C略5. 为等差数列,为其前项和,已知则()A.B.C.D.参考答案:A6. 圆与圆的位置关系是() A.外离B.外切C.相交D.内含参考答案:C略7. 已知函数的定义域为,与部分对应值如下表,的导函数的图象如图所示.给出下列说法:①函数在上是增函数;②曲线在处的切线可能与轴垂直;③如果当时,的最小值是,那么的最大值为;④,都有恒成立,则实数的最小值是.正确的个数是A. 0个B. 1个C. 2个D. 3个参考答案:B8. 已知函数,若在和处切线平行,则()A.B.C.D.参考答案:A【分析】求出原函数的导函数,可得,得到,则,由x1≠x2,利用基本不等式求得x12+x22>512.【详解】由f(x)lnx,得f′(x)(x>0),∴,整理得:,则,∴,则,∴x1x2≥256,∵x1≠x2,∴x1x2>256.∴2x1x2=512.故选:A.【点睛】本题考查了利用导数研究曲线上某点的切线方程,训练了利用基本不等式求最值,是中档题.9. 在△ABC中,a、b、c分别为角A、B、C的对边,如果a、b、c成等差数列,B=30°,△ABC的面积为,那么b等于 ( )(A)2+ (B)1+ (C)-1 (D)2-参考答案:B10. 若命题p:|x+1|≤4,命题q:x2<5x﹣6,则?p是?q的()A.必要不充分条件B.充分不必要条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件参考答案:B【考点】充要条件.【分析】先求出命题p和命题q,进而得到?p和?q,由此能得到?p是?q的充分不必要条件.【解答】解:∵命题p:﹣4≤x+1≤4,即命题p:﹣5≤x≤3,∴?p:x<﹣5或x>3.∵命题q:x2<5x﹣6,即q:2<x<3,∴?q:x≤2或x≥3.∴?p是?q的充分不必要条件.故选B.二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 下列说法:①线性回归方程必经过;②相关系数的绝对值越接近1,表明两个变量的线性相关性越强;③标准差越大,表明样本数据越稳定;④相关系数,表明两个变量正相关,,表明两个变量负相关。
建昌县高级中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期初考试化学试题可能用到的相对分子质量:H:1 C:12 O:16 N:14一.选择题(共16小题,每小题只有一个正确选项。
每题3分,共48分)1.在核磁共振氢谱中出现两组峰,其氢原子数之比为 3∶2 的化合物是()2.下列烷烃的沸点按由高到低的顺序排列正确是( )①甲烷②丁烷③正戊烷④异戊烷⑤新戊烷⑥辛烷A.①②③④⑤⑥B.⑥③④⑤②①C.⑥③④②⑤①D.①②⑤④③⑥3.下列各有机化合物的命名正确的是()4.下列有机物鉴别方法不正确的是( )A.将乙烯和甲烷分别通入酸性高锰酸钾溶液中,观察溶液颜色是否变化B.将溴水分别加入到四氯化碳和苯中,观察溶液颜色及是否分层C.将苯和己烷分别放入水中,观察液体是否分层D.将甲苯和硝基苯分别放入水中,观察液体是否分层5.下列化合物分子中的所有碳原子不可能处于同一平面的是( )A.硝基苯B.异丁烷C.丙炔D.CH3—CH===CH—CH36.下列说法正确的是(N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值)( )A.30 g乙烷含有的共价键数目为8N AB.2.8 g乙烯和丙烯的混合气体中所含碳原子数为0.2N AC.1 mol甲基含10N A个电子D.标准状况下,22.4 L己烷完全燃烧后恢复至原状态,生成气态物质分子数为6N A7.把有机物氧化为,所用氧化剂最合理的是()A.O2B.酸性KMnO4C.银氨溶液D.溴水8.以淀粉为基本原料制备聚乙烯和乙酸。
下列说法正确的是()A.淀粉和葡萄糖都是营养物质,均能在体内发生水解、氧化反应B.工业上以石油为原料制取聚乙烯,需经裂解、加聚等反应C.燃烧等物质的量的乙烯和乙醇耗氧量不同D.乙醇和乙酸发生酯化反应制乙酸乙酯,原子利用率为100%9.有下列几种反应类型:①消去②取代③水解④加成⑤还原⑥氧化,用丙醛制取1,2﹣丙二醇(),按正确的合成路线依次发生的反应所属类型不可能是()A.⑤①④③B.⑤⑥③①C.⑤①④②D.④①④②10.下列说法正确的是( )A.植物油不能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色B.酯化反应中一般是羧酸脱去羧基中的羟基,醇脱去羟基上的氢原子C.淀粉溶液和稀硫酸共热后发生水解反应,冷却后加少量银氨溶液,水浴加热后出现光亮的银镜D.鸡蛋白溶液中滴加饱和的硫酸铵溶液,出现白色沉淀,加水后沉淀不溶解11.下列有机化合物中均含有酸性杂质,除去这些杂质的方法中正确的是( ) A.苯中含苯酚杂质:加入溴水,过滤B.乙醇中含乙酸杂质:加入碳酸钠溶液洗涤,分液C.乙醛中含乙酸杂质:加入氢氧化钠溶液洗涤,分液D.乙酸丁酯中含乙酸杂质:加入碳酸钠溶液洗涤,分液12.麦考酚酸是一种有效的免疫抑制剂,能有效地防止肾移植排斥,其结构简式如图所示。
辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县第一高级中学2019年高二英语联考试题含解析一、选择题1. —Is Jack on duty today?—It be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.A. mustn’tB. won’tC. can’tD. needn’t参考答案:C2. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _____ we gave some bells and glasses.A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which参考答案:B3. -- It’s a good idea. But who’s going to ______________ the plan?--I believe Jim and Tim will.A. set asideB. help outC. fit inD. carry out参考答案:D4. All the leaders were leave the hall when the explosionhappened.A. about toB. able toC. sure toD. likely to参考答案:A5. Unfortunately he got caught in the rain and his shoes____ dirty.A. had madeB. had been madeC. has madeD. has been made参考答案:D6. Most probably, it will be another 6 hours _____ you can have next meal, so each ofyou must have your stomach full.A. afterB. whenC. beforeD. since参考答案:C7. The room is in a terrible mess; it have been cleaned.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. wouldn’t参考答案:B8. A new laptop costs about ______ of a second-hand one.A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price参考答案:B9. The book was written in 1946, _______ the education system has witnessed great changes.A. since thenB. whenC. since whenD. during which参考答案:C10. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ________ at themeeting will influence the future of our company.A. to be madeB. having beenmadeC. madeD. being made参考答案:A略11. In his weekly______to the nation, Obama said the joint effort was showing results and thatLibyan civilians had expressed their support to the military operation.A. assignmentB. addressC. appointmentD. arrangement参考答案:B考查名词词义辨析。
辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学2019-2020学年高二语文10月月考试题现代文阅读(35分)→(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成后面题目。
中国古代的法典蕴含着重德礼、慎刑罚;遵伦常、讲忠孝;重和谐、求和睦的民族精神。
由此,思想家提出“明刑”(彰明刑罚)可以“弼教”(辅助教育),也就是通过彰显法律规范的内容,使民了解它所蕴含的民族精神,表明法律非以刑人为目的,而以使民远恶迁善为目的,以期实现以刑弼教、以刑辅教。
法家主张“以法为教”,使民知法既可以远离犯罪又可以借法保护其自身的权益。
正是由于法具有止恶劝善的功能,并非一味以刑人为目的,因此守法者如沐春风,违法者如履薄冰。
历史上,明刑弼教的内容因朝代不同而略有变化。
汉儒传承了以礼乐主宰刑罚的传统,确立了德主刑辅的指导原则,即朝廷以道德感动民众,刑法只作为辅助手段。
例如,董仲舒借助阴阳五行之说,大力宣传“大德小刑”,以德化民教民,使民不敢为非、不触法禁。
唐代法典《唐律疏议》开宗明义便宣布“德礼为政教之本,刑罚为政教之用”,阐明了教化为先,刑焉其后,明刑弼教的真谏。
韩愈也曾经说过:“德礼为先而辅以政刑。
”明太祖朱元璋认为,要达到天下大治,应效仿圣王,以德化天下,“亦以五刑辅弼之”。
为矫正元末法纪败坏、人不畏法、肆意为恶的积弊,以严刑治国。
他手订的《大诰》收集了严刑惩治犯罪的案例,意在教民“趋吉避凶”之道。
《大明律》旨在运用法律打击奸顽,惩治犯罪,以维护社会的安定与国家的纲纪。
明太祖还有意识地对某些案件重法又重情,借以表达明刑弼教之意。
例如,“有子犯法,父贿求免者,御史欲并论父。
太祖曰:‘子论死,父救之,情也。
但论其子,赦其父。
”清代在承袭明代的立法思想的同时,对政刑与礼教的目的做了经典阐述,并指出立法的精义在于“明刑弼教”。
《清史稿.刑法志》篇首开宗明义:“中国自书契以来,以礼教治天下,匡之直之而刑生焉。
’从明德慎罚,到德主刑辅,再到明礼导民,明刑弼教是贯穿中国古代两千余年的一个传统。
辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学 2019-2020 学年高二数学下学期期初考试试题一、(本大题共 12 小题,每小题 5 分,共 60 分,在每小题给出的四个选项中, 只有一项是 符合要求的,选出正确选项填在答题卡相应位置1. 若,则()A.B.C.D.2. 现有 种不同的颜色为公民基本道德规范四个主题词(如图)涂色,要求相邻的词语涂色不同,则不同的涂法种数为( )A.B.C.D.3. 已曲线 y=x2 在(1,1)处的切线方程是( )A.2x+y+3=0B.2x+y﹣3=0C.2x+y+1=0D.2x﹣y﹣1=04.6 把椅子摆成一排,3 人随机就座,任何两人不相邻的坐法种数为( )A.144B.120C.72D.245. 某台小型晚会由 6 个节目完成,演出顺序有如下要求:节目甲必须排在前两位,节目乙不能排在第一位,节目丙必须排在最后一位.该台晚会节目演出顺序的编排方案共有( )A. 36 种B. 42 种C. 48 种D. 54 种6. 在的展开式中,各二项式系数之和为 ,则展开式中常数项为( )A.B.C.D.7.函数 f(x)=x2-2lnx 的单调减区间是()A.(0,1] B.[1,+∞) C.(-∞,-1]∪(0,1]D.[-1,0)∪(0,1]8. 一袋中装有 个白球, 个红球,现从袋中往外取球,每次取出一个,取出后记下球的颜色,然后放回,直到红球出现 次停止,设停止时,取球次数为随机变量 ,则()A.B.C.D.9. 已知函 已知函数 的导函数 的图象如图所示,那么( )A.是函数 的极小值点B.是函数 的极大值点C.是函数 的极大值点D. 函数 有两个极值点10. 某班班会准备从含甲、乙的 7 名学生中选取 4 人发言,要求甲、乙两人至少有一人参 加,且若甲、乙同时参加,则他们发言时顺序不能相邻,那么不同的发言顺序有( )A.种B.种C.种D.种11.若随机变量 X 服从两点分布 , 成功概率 P=0.5, 则 E(X),D(X) 分别为 ( )A.0.5 , 0.25B.0.5 , 0.75C.1 , 0.25D.1 , 0.7512. 函数 的定义域为 ,,对任意,都有,则不等式的解集为( )A.B.C.或D.或二、填空题(共 4 道题,每题 5 分,共 20 分)13. 函数 f(x)=12x﹣x3 的极大值点是.14. 设 随 机 变 量 服 从 正 态 分 布,且,则__________.15. 某人一周晚上值班 次,在已知他周日一定值班的条件下,则他在周六晚上值班的概率为 ________16.若函数 值为 __________.恰好有两个零点,且三、解答题17.(本题 10 分) 7 个人排成一排,在下列情况下,各有多少种不同排法? (1)甲不排头,也不排尾, (2)甲、乙、丙三人必须在一起 (3)甲、乙之间有且只有两人,,则 的18.(本题 12 分)已知函数 f (x) x3 3x . (1)求函数 f (x) 在[3, 3] 上的最大值和最小值.2 (2)过点 P(2, 6) 作曲线 y f (x) 的切线,求此切线的方程.19. (本题 12 分)某射手每次射击击中目标的概率均为 ,且各次射击的结果 互不影响.(1)假设这名射手射击 次,求至少 次击中目标的概率; (2)假设这名射手射击 次,每次击中目标得 10 分,未击中目标得 0 分.在 次射击中,若有 次连续击中目标,而另外一次未击中目标,则额外加 分;若 次全 部击中,则额外加 10 分.用随机变量 表示射手射击 次后的总得分,求 的分 布列和数学期望.20. (本题 12 分)已知(,)展开式的前三项的二项式系数之和为 16,所有项的系数之和为 1(1)求 n 和 a 的值;(2)展开式中是否存在常数项?若有,求出常数项;若没有,请说明理由;(3)求展开式中二项式系数最大的项.21.(本题 12 分)已知函数 f (x) 2x3 3x2 3. (1)求曲线 y f (x) 在点 x 2 处的切线方程;(2)若关于 x 的方程 f x m 0有三个不同的实根,求实数 m 的取值范围.22.(本题 12 分)设函数 求 的单调区间和极值; 证明:若 存在零点,则 在区间. 上仅有一个零点.数学答案 一.选择题:1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.A 二.填空题:13. 2 14. 0.8 15. 1/6 16. 4 三.解答题17. (1)甲有 5 个位置供选择,有 5 种,其余有,即共有种;(2)先排甲、乙、丙三人,有 ,再把该三人当成一个整体,再加上另四人,相当于 人的全排列,即 ,则共有种;(3)从甲、乙之外的 人中选 个人排甲、乙之间,有 ,甲、乙可以交换有 ,把该四人当成一个整体,再加上另三人,相当于 人的全排列,则共有种;18.解:(I) f '(x) 3(x 1)(x 1) ,当 x [3, 1) 或 x (1, 3] 时, f '(x) 0 ,[3, 1],[1, 3] 为函数 f (x) 的单调增区间22当 x (1,1) 时, f '(x) 0 , [1,1] 为函数 f (x) 的单调减区间又因为 f (3) 18, f (1) 2, f (1) 2, f ( 3) 9 , 28所以当 x 3时, f (x)min 18 当 x 1时, f (x)max 2 …………6 分 (II)设切点为 Q(x , x3 3x ) ,则所求切线方程为 y (x3 3x ) 3(x2 1)(x x ) 由于切线过点 P(2, 6) ,6 (x3 3x ) 3(x 2 1)(2 x ) , 解得 x 0 或 x 3 所以切线方程为 y 3x或y 6 24(x 2) 即3x y 0 或 24x y 54 0…………12 分19.20.解得,或(舍去),所以.因为所有项的系数之和为 1,所以,解得.(2)因为,所以.令,解得,所以展开式中不存在常数项.(3)由展开式中二项式系数的性质,知展开式中中间两项的二项式系数最大,二项式系数最大的两项为:;.21 解:(1) f (x) 6x2 6x, f (2) 12, f (2) 7, ………………………2 分∴曲线 y f (x) 在 x 2 处的切线方程为 y 7 12(x 2) ,即12x y 17 0 ;……4 分(2)记 g(x) 2x3 3x2 m 3, g(x) 6x2 6x 6x(x 1)令 g(x) 0, x 0 或 1.…………………………………………………………6 分则 x, g(x), g(x) 的变化情况如下表x(, 0) 0(0,1) 1(1, )g(x) 00g(x)极大极小当 x 0, g(x) 有极大值 m 3; x 1, g(x) 有极小值 m 2 . ………………………10 分由g(x)的简图知,当且仅当g(0) g(1) 0 0,即m m 3 2 0 0,3m2时,函数 g(x) 有三个不同零点,过点 A 可作三条不同切线.所以若过点 A 可作曲线 y f (x) 的三条不同切线, m 的范围是 (3, 2) .…12 分22.解:正确答案 的单调递减区间是,单调递增区间是在 证明处取得极小值,无极大值由 的定义域为得, ,且 由与解得 在区间. .上的情况如下:所以, 的单调递减区间是,单调递增区间是;在处取得极小值,无极大值.证明:由 知, 在区间上的最小值为.因为 存在零点,所以当时, 在区间所以是 在区间,从而 上单调递减,且上的唯一零点.. ,当时, 在区间上单调递减,且,所以 在区间上仅有一个零点.综上可知,若 存在零点,则 在区间上仅有一个零点.。
2020年辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学高二物理联考试卷含解析一、选择题:本题共5小题,每小题3分,共计15分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. (单选)摆长为L的单摆做简谐振动,若从某时刻开始计时,(取作t=0),当振动至时,摆球具有负向最大速度,则单摆的振动图象是图中的()参考答案:C2. 下列说法正确的是A. 合外力对质点做的功为零,则质点的动能、动量都不变B. 合外力对质点施的冲量不为零,则质点动量必将改变,动能也一定变C. 某质点受到合力不为零,其动量、动能都改变D. 某质点的动量、动能都改变,它所受到的合外力一定不为零。
参考答案:D合外力对质点做的功为零,则质点的动能不改变,但是动量不一定不改变,例如做匀速圆周运动的物体,选项A错误;合外力对质点施的冲量不为零,则质点的动量一定改变,但是动能不一定改变,例如水平面上运动的物体被竖直挡板原速率弹回时,动量改变,动能不变,选项B错误;某质点受到的合外力不为零,其动量一定改变,但动能不一定改变,比如匀速圆周运动.故C错误.动能都改变了,说明物体的速度大小改变了,一定有加速度,合外力一定不为零,合外力冲量一定不为零.故D 正确.故选D.点睛:本题运用动能定理和动量定理分别分析动能和动量的变化问题,既要抓住两者的区别:动能是标量,动量是矢量,还要会举例说明.3. (多选题)如图所示,恒定的磁场中有一圆形的闭合导体线圈,线圈平面垂直于磁场方向,当线圈在此磁场中做下列哪种运动时,线圈中能产生感应电流()A.线圈沿自身所在的平面做匀速运动B.线圈沿自身所在的平面做加速运动C.线圈绕任意一条直径做匀速转动D.线圈绕任意一条直径做变速转动参考答案:CD【考点】感应电流的产生条件.【分析】根据感应电流的产生条件:闭合回路中的磁通量发生变化进行分析.【解答】解:要分析四种情形下线圈中是否有感应电流,可直接利用感应电流产生的条件来判断,即分析线圈中的磁通量是否发生变化.另外,要分析磁通量的变化,一定要知道线圈运动前后的磁通量.线圈所在空间磁感应强度未变,故关注线圈在运动中线圈与磁场的正对面积.显然,线圈平动时,磁通量未变,A、B错误;只要转动线圈(无论加速还是匀速),一定导致磁通量发生变化,故C、D正确.故选:CD4. (单选)下列说法不正确的是:[ ]元电荷是表示跟电子或质子所带电量数值相等的电量电场线是假想的,它们一定不会相交元电荷就是点电荷电场线越密,电场强度越大;沿着电场线方向,电势越来越低参考答案:C5. 核反应中,放出的能量为E,下列相关说法中,正确的是A. X来自原子核外的电子B. 该核反应是β衰变,衰变的快慢与物理和化学变化有关C. 核的比结合能大于核的比结合能D. 反应中的质量亏损为参考答案:D【详解】根据核反应的质量数和电荷数守恒可知,X质量数为0,电荷数为-1,则X为电子,来自原子核内的中子转化为质子时放出的负电子,选项A错误;该核反应是β衰变,衰变的快慢与物理和化学变化无关,选项B错误;由于在衰变的过程中释放能量,可知核的结合能大于核的结合能,由结合能与比结合能的定义可知,核的比结合能小于核的比结合能。
辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学2020年高二生物联考试卷含解析一、选择题(本题共40小题,每小题1.5分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
)1. 人类能遗传的基因突变常发生在A.减数第一次分裂B.四分体时期C.减数分裂的间期D.有丝分裂后期参考答案:C2. 某氨基酸分子中含有两个氨基,其中一个氨基和羧基连在同一个碳原子上,则另一个氨基的部位应是A.在羧基上B.和羧基连在同一个碳原子上C.在R基上D.在氨基上参考答案:C3. 右图表示人体在某种环境条件发生改变时,内环境中某种激素的含量变化。
条件变化和激素对应正确的是()A.食物过咸——抗利尿激素B.食物缺碘——生长激素C.过度饥饿——胰岛素D.温度过高——甲状腺激素参考答案:A4. 右图是人体组织内的各种结构示意图,A、B、C、D表示的是结构,①、②、③、④表示的是液体,有关此图的叙述不正确的是A.②可以进人A、C、DB.CO2浓度最高的液体是③C.①②③④构成内环境D.若①中蛋白质外渗至②中,会引起组织水肿参考答案:C5. 下面能发生质壁分离的一组细胞是()①食用的糖醋蒜细胞②蚕豆叶的表皮细胞③植物的根毛细胞④人的口腔上皮细胞⑤用盐酸解离的洋葱根尖细胞⑥根尖分生区细胞.A.①⑤B.②③⑥C.①②③④⑤⑥D.②③参考答案:D【考点】细胞质壁分离与质壁分离复原现象及其原因.【分析】发生质壁分离的条件是植物细胞,且植物细胞具有成熟的大液泡能通过渗透作用失水.【解答】解:①糖醋蒜细胞是死细胞,不能发生质壁分离,①错误;②蚕豆叶表皮细胞具有大液泡,能通过渗透作用失水,可以发生质壁分离,②正确;③植物的根毛细胞具有大液泡,能通过渗透作用失水,可以发生质壁分离,③正确;④人的口腔上皮细胞无细胞壁,不能发生质壁分离,③错误;⑤用盐酸解离的洋葱根尖细胞是死细胞,不能发生质壁分离,⑤错误;⑥根尖分生区细胞无成熟的大液泡,不能通过渗透作用失水,⑥错误.故选:D.6. 假定五对等位基因自由组合.则杂交组合AaBBCcDDEe×AaBbCCddEe产生的子代中,有一对等位基因杂合、四对等位基因纯合的个体所占的比率是()A.B.C.D.参考答案:B【考点】87:基因的自由组合规律的实质及应用.【分析】每对性状分开计算,运用乘法原理,只要是有一个亲本控制性状基因是杂合的,则子代杂合,纯合,所以这两个个体交配,亲本控制性状的基因四对均有杂合,DD与dd后代一定是杂合,所以子代中有一对等位基因杂合其余纯合的个体为×××=.【解答】解:A、子代中有一对等位基因杂合其余纯合的个体为×××=,不是,A错误;B、子代中有一对等位基因杂合其余纯合的个体为×××=,B正确;C、子代中有一对等位基因杂合其余纯合的个体为×××=,不是,C错误;D、子代中有一对等位基因杂合其余纯合的个体为×××=,不是,D错误.7. 减数分裂中染色体数目减半的直接原因是A.同源染色体的联会 B.同源染色体的分离C.非同源染色体的自由组合 D.染色体的复制参考答案:B8. 女性子宫癌细胞中最长的DNA分子可达36mm,DNA复制速度约为4μm/min,但复制过程的完成仅需4min左右,这主要是因为A.边解旋边复制 B.半保留方式复制C.有许多复制起点 D.单个起点双向复制参考答案:C9. 下列关于生命的物质基础的叙述,正确的是A.磷脂是细胞膜的主要成分,也是线粒体、叶绿体、核糖体等细胞器膜的主要成分B.蛋白质分子的多样性只与氨基酸的种类、数目和排列顺序有关C.淀粉、纤维素、糖元的基本单位都是葡萄糖D.淀粉、糖元、纤维素和核糖都是生物大分子参考答案:C10. 通过细胞工程生产单克隆抗体时,要涉及到以下三个筛选过程( )① 在特定培养基中筛选出杂交瘤细胞② 选出能产生抗体的效应B细胞③ 选出能产生特定抗体并能大量增殖的细胞群这三个过程的先后次序是A. ②③①B. ③①②C. ②①③D. ①③②参考答案:C试题分析:在生产单克隆抗体时,首先要给小鼠注射特定的抗原,在其体内筛选能够产生单一抗体的效应B细胞(②);其次是将效应B细胞与小鼠的骨髓瘤细胞融合,由于融合后会形成多种细胞(杂交瘤细胞、骨髓瘤细胞自身融合细胞、效应B细胞自身融合细胞等),因此需要在特定培养基中筛选出杂交瘤细胞(①);最后再筛选出能产生单一抗体的杂交瘤细胞(③)。
高二年级英语学科试题第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ABeing stuck at home doesn't mean that learning stops. In fact, it’s just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids' imagination and build their curiosity at home.Let's Get Down to the ScienceThe science lab at school may be closed, but you can still put on goggles and a white lab coat and learn at home. This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.To Infinity(无穷)and BeyondEarth is a part of the Milky Way galaxy, but did you know there are around 100 million galaxies in the universe? There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start your child's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.Take a Walk on the Wild SideBiology class is in session! Here's your chance to get up close and personal with a great white shark without putting on a wetsuit. This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark's world with I Am Shark .Take advantage of this time at home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.1. What is common among these activities above?A. They are all performed outdoors.B. They are all associated with physics.C. They are all carried out by the way of experimenting.D. They all recommend some resources for kids to study.2. Which book favors children interested in stars?A. This Test Tube Experiment Kit.B. Real Life Slicker and Activity Book.C. 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit.D. I Am Shark3. The shared goal of the activities is to .A. gain financial benefitsB. save kids from boredomC. explore new technologiesD. inspire kids to study at homeB'There's no place like home. 'This English saying has much truth in it:the best place to be is surrounded by our treasured possessions and our loved ones and with a roof over our head. And for many young adults, it's the only affordable place to stay; somewhere where they can receive first-class service from mum and dad. But this comes at a price!In some countries, it's quite traditional for people in their late teens and early 20s to live at home with their parents, but in other places, flying the nest to start their own independent life is very desirable. But there's been a growing trend, in the UK at least, for young people to return home to live-or not to leave home at all.A survey by a price comparison website found that 18% of adult children in the UK said they were moving back home because of debt, compared with 8% last year. More young people had lost their jobs, and others couldn't afford their rent compared with the previous year. So, it's easy to see why they're increasingly becoming home birds.The BBC's Lucy Hooker explains that many returning adult children enjoy home comforts. But for the 'hoteliers', that's mum and dad, the survey found the average cost to them has gone up sharply, and that they are sacrificing luxuries and holidays to look after their 'big kids'. Emma Craig from Money supermarket says " they're trying to look after their children more. If your child comes home and you see them struggling financially, you feel more awkward asking them for rent or to contribute. Ittugs on your heartstrings more. "With parents splashing out around £1, 886 on takeaway food, buying new furniture and upgrading their Wi-Fi for the benefit of their offspring, it's easy for the returning children to put their feet up and make themselves at home. That's before they learn a home truth-that one day it might be their own kids who'll be checking into the hotel of mum and dad!4.Which proverb might present the young British's living conditions? ______A.A lazy youth, an awful age. B.East or west, home is best.C.Two heads are better than one. D.Nothing comes wrong to a hungry man.5.Which might be the reason for the increase of home birds? ______A.The popularity of living independently. B.Looking after their old parents.C.The increase of unemployment rate. D.Their parents' financial offer.6.What's Emma Craig's attitude towards home birds? ______A.Doubtful. B.Uncertain.C.Objective. D.Understandable.7.What is the last paragraph mainly about? ______A.Returning to live with parents comes at a price.B.Parents are willing to receive their returning children.C.Flying the net is becoming popular at present.D.Home birds take it for granted to live with their parents.CCamaraderie over CompetenceThe importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurtother people? We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them.What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all.The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it?By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill.8.According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose?A.Nice but unintelligent. B.Creative but unattractive.C.Competent but unfriendly. D.Humorous but unambitious.9.The author talks about her experience to show that ______.A.people respect outstanding leadersB.people tend to like optimistic workmatesC.a workmate’s working abi lity is importantD.talkative workmates makes offices friendlier10.Some people think that similar people working together may ______A.offend each other B.create fewer new ideasC.talk more and work less D.be likely to stick together11.To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could ______.A.set more coffee machines in the work placeB.organize team-building activities outside the officeC.encourage a diversity of opinions in workplaceD.employ staff who have a lot in commonDPangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non-profit organization Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the a nimal’s habitats.Over two years, the documentary crew traveled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, "One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant."Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat, the aim of the documentary is to inspireviewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time.12.What is the purpose of the documentary?A.To study the situation of pangolins.B.To collect fund to protect pangolins.C.To raise awareness of pangolin protection.D.To propose setting up pangolin reserves.13.What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in paragraph 2?A.Picky. B.Messy.C.Showy. D.Heavy.14.What’s the documentary mainly about?A.The illegal trade of pangolins.B.The medical function of pangolin's scales.C.The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.D.The efforts of Pangolin, Africa to save pangolins.15.Where is the text most likely from?A.A brochure. B.A diary.C.A novel. D.A magazine.第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
辽宁省葫芦岛市建昌县高级中学2019-2020学年高二生物下学期期初考试试题一.选择题(共40小题,每题1.5分,共60分)1.植物细胞全能性的发挥需要培养基提供合适的营养物质。
下列有关愈伤组织再分化培养基中碳源的描述,合理的是()A.有机碳源B.无机碳源C.无需额外添加碳源D.有机碳源和无机碳源2.如表为某培养基配方,下列叙述正确的是()牛肉膏蛋白胨乳糖蔗糖琼脂K2HPO4伊红美蓝蒸馏水pH 5g l0g 5g 5g 2g 2g 0.4g 0.065g 1000 7.2 A.提供碳源的只有蔗糖B.提供氮源的只有蛋白胨C.牛肉膏、蛋白胨均可提供氮源D.该培养基可特定培养自生固氮菌3.以下为植物体细胞杂交技术流程图,其中甲和乙分别表示两种二倍体植物细胞,所含有的染色体组分别是AA和BB。
据图分析不正确的是( )A.图中①过程发生的化学变化是纤维素和果胶水解B.经过②和③过程形成的c细胞只有AABB这一种类型C.过程②一般使用聚乙二醇作为诱导剂D.过程④和⑤分别是脱分化和再分化4.下列有关微生物培养的叙述,错误的是()A.稀释涂布平板法能获得单菌落,可以用于计数活菌数目B.在对微生物进行培养前,需要对接种工具和培养物进行灭菌C.酵母菌发酵过程产生的酒精,对其他微生物生长有一定的抑制作用D.分离能分解尿素的细菌,要以尿素作为培养基中唯一的碳源5.下图为某细胞的局部模式图,有关叙述正确的是( )A.图示不可能是植物细胞B.DNA仅存在于结构6中C.结构1由双层磷脂分子围成D.结构3与HIV病毒的物质组成相同6.如图为纯化大肠杆菌的一个操作环节,下列相关叙述中,错误的是()A.该操作步骤是接种,方法是平板划线法B.除第一次划线外,以后的每一次划线的起点是上一次划线的末端C.图中细菌密度最小的是5处D.该接种方法适用于细菌的计数7.生长图形法是一种测定微生物营养需求的简便方法。
为探究某嗜热菌所需生长因子的种类,研究小组把该菌的悬浮液与不含任何生长因子但含有其他必需营养物质的培养基混合后倒成平板,然后在平板上划分数区,将甲、乙、丙三种生长因子分别添加到不同区域,培养结果如图所示,下列说法不正确的是()A.倒成平板后直接培养可判断有无污染 B.倒成平板后不需要进行灭菌处理C.图示结果表明该菌需要生长因子乙或丙 D.生长图形法还可用于某些菌种的筛选8.2020年初多国暴发了由新型冠状病毒引起的肺炎,已知该病毒的核酸是单链RNA.下列相关叙述正确的是()A.该病毒在适宜的外界环境中能快速增殖B.该病毒的核酸由四种脱氧核苷酸组成C.该病毒核酸中的碱基A都与碱基U互补配对D.该病毒的遗传信息相对容易发生改变9.PCR技术是体外酶促合成特异DNA片段的一种方法,由高温变性、低温复性及适温延伸等几步反应组成一个周期,循环进行,使目的DNA得以迅速扩增。