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“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked. 过去完成时 无间接宾语 → Jack asked me if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for 过去完成时 many days till he died. 加间接宾语 me He asked, “ How far is it from here to your home?” → He asked how far it was from there to my home.
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宾语 me
加间接宾语 me
时间变化 直接引语 now today tonight this week/month/year/ morning/afternoon/evening yesterday last night week/month/year the day before yesterday four days/months/years ago tomorrow next week/month/year the day after tomorrow 间接引语 then that day that night that week/month/year/ morning/afternoon/evening the day before the night/week/month/yrar before two days before before= earlier four days/months/years before the next day next=following the next week/month/year 8 two days later/ in two days’ time
二随宾
无间 接宾语
He said, “I’ll give you an examination next Monday.” → He told us that he would give us an examination the next
Monday. “Who is here?” he asked.
若直接引语中没有间接宾语,变为间接引语时可加一 个间接宾语,如 me,him,her,theu,you,us 等.但用told间接引语 主句的谓语动词时必修加间接宾语,句型: S told sb. 从句.
代词指向
He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.”
无间接宾语 宾语 me
二随宾
1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.”
→She told me that she had broken my CD player.
2.He said to her, “I broke your CD player.”
→He told her that he had broken her CD player.
→ He ordered the boys not to make so much noise.
直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语 时,通常用 “suggest doing sth./that we should do sth.” 应该 I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him that we should start at once. I suggested starting at once. “Don’t leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother. 13 → Mother told me not to leave the door open after midnight.
间接引语
She said that she liked tennis. He told Lily that she must get up early.
引号内的第三人称 She said to me , She told me that 在变间引后人称不 “ They want to they wanted to 5 help him.” help him. 变
直接引语 间 接 引 语
1
直接引语：直接引述别人的话，前要加引号. 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号. 在多数情况下构成宾语从句. 例.John said, “I like reading story books.” 直接引语 John said that he liked reading story books。间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语 1.直接引语为陈述句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用that, 在口语中可省略. 引述 动词用said, told等. 句型: S---V---that从句. 注意:可以说 said that从句, said to sb. that从句, told sb. 2 that从句, 但不可说told that从句.
He said to the boy,“ Come here, young man! ” →He asked the boy to go there.
方向动词变化
12
方向动词变化 come → go
bring → take
He said , “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→ She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
6
代词指向，二随宾 “Is this room yours or his?” → He asked me whether this room was mine or his. He said to me , “I am learning English now.” 间接宾语 me → He said to me that he was learning English then.
3
时态变化 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时
间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
现在将来变过去, 过去变过去完成, 过去完成不变.
4
人称变化
使间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致.
口诀 说明 直接引语 一 引号内的第一人称 She said,“ I like 随 变间引后与主句主 Tennis.” 主 语的人称保持一致 二 引号内的第二人称 He said to Lily, 随 变间引后与主句宾 “ you must get 宾 语的人称保持一致 up early.” 三 不 变
10
these → those
二随宾
He asked,“How are you gettingalong?”
无间接宾语 加间接宾语 us
→ He asked us how we were getting along.
He said, “We shall start tomorrow.”
→ He said they would start the next day.
三不变
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4.直接引语为祈使句 变为间接引语时,将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定 式。据语气不同引述动词有tell, ask, order, beg, advise 等, 句型：tell/ask/order /beg / advise sb.(not/never)to do sth. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son. → She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. “Don’t cry any more,” he said to his little brother. → He asked his little brother not to cry any more.
5.直接引语为感叹句 变为由 that/ what/ how 引导的宾语从句 He said, “How happy I am!” → He said that he was very happy.
He said how happy he was.
He said, “What a fine day it is!” → He said what a fine day it was. He exclaimed that it was a fine day. He said, “How fine the day is!” → He said how fine the day was.
→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 加间接 He said to us, “I have been to the Great Wall. ”
→ He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用if或whether, 而引述选择疑问 句时只能用whether, 疑问语序变为陈述语序, 引述动词用 asked, 句型: S---V---if/ whether从句. 一随主 She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
→ He asked who was there. 地点状语变化 here → there
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
加间接宾语 us
二随宾 无间接宾语 加间接宾语 me
9 不加间接宾语me也可
He asked, “Which school are you in?” → He asked me which school I was in. He asked which school I was in.
