2016学年第二学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测英语(二模)

济宁市第一中学2024—2025学年度第一学期质量检测（一）高三英语注意事项：1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在相应位置，认真核对条形码上的姓名、考生号和座号,并将条形码粘贴在指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3.回答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸，试题卷上答题无效。

保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What food will the woman’s daughter avoid?A.Steaks.B.Onions.C.Ice cream.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Salesperson and customer.B.Co-workers.C.A couple.3.What flight will the speakers be on?A.CJ875.B.CJ865.C.CJ930.4.Why is the man worried about his brother?A.His brother is too confident.B.His brother struggles to make friends.C.His brother’s friends will be a bad influence on him.5.What is the main topic of the conversation?A.Types of schools.B.Places to sleep.C.Online classes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。

2024浙江省杭州市高三二模“大数据信息时代下的认知闭合”审题立意及范文原题＋审题立意＋素材积累＋行文构思＋范文＋材料启示＋材料改编【试题出处：2023学年第二学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测】四、写作(60 分)23.阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。

如果你多次在网上浏览某类材料，大数据就会不断精准推送同类内容，贴心、便捷。

人们通常喜欢跟与自己认知相似的人交往，相似带来熟悉，带来安全感，所谓“志同道合”“趣味相投”，舒服、自在。

但也有人认为，长此以往，很容易形成认知的闭合圈。

以上材料引发了你怎样的联想与思考?请写一篇文章。

要求:选准角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题:不要套作，不得抄袭:不得泄露个人信息:不少于 800 字。

材料类型及考查特点本次作文材料属于社会现象讨论型，考查学生对现代技术（如大数据）对个人认知影响的思考，以及在此背景下人际交往观念的探讨。

材料通过日常生活中的现象，引导学生反思信息茧房、认知固化等问题，旨在考察学生的批判性思维、独立思考能力以及解决问题的能力。

一、材料解读，提炼核心主题【材料分层解读】1.第一层：“如果你多次在网上浏览某类材料，大数据就会不断精准推送同类内容，贴心、便捷。

”——揭示了大数据技术对个人信息接收习惯的影响，体现了技术的正面作用，即个性化服务带来的便利。

2.第二层：“人们通常喜欢跟与自己认知相似的人交往，相似带来熟悉，带来安全感，所谓‘志同道合’‘趣味相投’，舒服、自在。

”——描述了人们在社交选择上的偏好，强调相似性在人际关系中的积极作用。

3.第三层：“但也有人认为，长此以往，很容易形成认知的闭合圈。

”——提出对上述现象的担忧，即过度依赖这种模式可能导致认知范围缩小，形成封闭的认知环境。

二、审题步骤与方法详细阐述1.归纳总结：首先，总结材料主要观点，即大数据推送与人际交往中偏好相似性带来的便利与潜在问题。

2.明确关键词：大数据、个性化推送、认知闭合圈、志同道合、安全感、视野狭窄3.挖掘深层含义：不仅要看到个性化服务带来的便利与舒适，也要深入思考其可能产生的负面影响，探究材料背后的深层社会、心理机制，如信息茧房效应、群体极化、创新思维受限等。

杨浦区2015学年度第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷2016. 4II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Data suggests the majority of women who smoke (25) ______ (try) to quit if they find out they’re pregnant, but it’s unclear whether they keep it up after they’ve given birth. A new study adds to the evidence, (26) ______ (show) that nearly half of women who kick the habit while pregnant will become smokers once again.The new report, (27) ______ (publish) Tuesday in the journal Addiction, looked at 27 different trials that attempted to help pregnant women quit smoking. The researchers took a closer look at (28) ______ these women stayed non-smokers six months after giving birth. They found that among the women who were offered some sort of smoking cessation intervention（停止干预）, 13% were able to quit sometime during the pregnancy and remain abstinent（节制的）when they delivered. The other 87% of women either tried to quit and were not able to do so, (29) ______ they did not attempt to kick the habit. Of (30) ______ 13% that did quit, the researchers found that 43% started smoking again by six months.“Most pregnant smokers do not achieve abstinence from smoking while they are pregnant, and among those that do, most (31) ______ re-start smoking within 6 months of childbirth,” the study authors write. “This would suggest that (32) ______ large amounts of health-care expenditure on smoking cessation, few women and their offspring gain the maximum benefits of cessati on.”(B)New statistics have been released today that show gang crimes are on the increase in the UK. They also show that there has been a rise in teenagers (33) ______ (arrest) for crimes such as burglary and shoplifting. Many people feel that, (34) ______ nothing is done soon, this problem is likely to get worse.More and more children are turning to gangs because they don’t know anything different. These children are often from broken families (35) ______ _____ there is no father figure. Our idea involves (36) ______ (identify) children between the agesof five and eleven who we feel are at risk. We then assign these children to police officers who act as mentors. The officers meet up with the children once a week to do the normal things that most children of their age do.We know that children as young as seven have been used by gangs (37) ______ (carry) their weapons. One of the biggest problems is peer pressure. A lot of these children feel that, because all their friends are in gangs, they should be too. If we can show these children that there are other options, we hope they (38) ______ (not persuade) to join the gangs. We’ve been experimenting with the scheme for six months in the London area and the results are very (39) ______ (encourage). We will probably take the idea to other cities throughout the UK next year. If we are successful, then we will see (40) _____ (few) young children turning to crime and these neighbourhoods will be made safer for everyone.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. maximumB. cureC. suspectedD. targetE. containF. alarmingG. fertileH. carryI. breedingJ. trickyK. supportedWorld Health Organization (WHO) Director General Margaret Chan said on Tuesday Brazil is doing a good job tackling the Zika virus and ensuring that the Olympic games it will host in August will be safe for athletes and visitors.Chan said Brazil's government is doing all it can to mobilize Brazilian society in fighting the Aedes mosquitoes that __41__ the virus that has spread rapidly through the Americas since last year."I want to reassure you that the government is working very closely with the international Olympic movement, with the local organizing committee, __42__ by the WHO, to make sure we have a very good work plan to __43__ the mosquito, and to make sure that people who will come here either as visitors or athletes will get the __44__ protection they need," Chan said.The virus has been linked in Brazil to a(n) __45__ increase in the birth of babies with abnormally small heads, a condition known as microcephaly. Brazil's Health Ministry said on Tuesday that the number of confirmed and __46__ cases of microcephaly has risen to 4,690 from 4,443 a week earlier.Brazilian authorities are taking action to __47__ the outbreak which threatens to keep visitors from attending the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro five months from now. With no __48__ or vaccine (疫苗）for Zika, the only way to deal with the virus at present is to reduce the population of the Aedes mosquito.She praised Rousseff's leadership in organizing the whole of Brazilian society in a campaign to destroy the mosquito's __49__ places in urban areas and in cooperatingwith other countries in the research and development of diagnostic tools and a vaccine."The Zika virus is very __50__. We should expect this to be a long journey," she said. "Based on what I have seen here, I can tell you: the mosquito is difficult, but it cannot beat Brazil," Chan said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.There are many things parents can do to help children with autism (自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in treatment will go a long way toward helping your child. Additionally, the following tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child:•Be consistent（一致的）. Children with autism have a hard time __52__ what they’ve learned if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign language at school to communicate, but never think to do so at home.Creating __53__ in your child’s environment is the best way to reinforce learning.Find out what your child’s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home. Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in more than one place in order to encourage your child to __55__ what he or she has learned from one environment to another. It’s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors.•__57__ a schedule. Children with autism tend to do best when they have a highly-structured schedule or routine. Again, this goes back to the consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. If there is an unavoidable schedule change, prepare your child for it __60__.•__61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropriately or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they’re being praised for.•Pay attention to your child’s sensory sensitivities.Many children with autism are hypersensitive to light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Other children with autism are “under-sensitive” to sensory stimuli. __63__ what sights, sounds, smells and movements cause your kid’s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings about a(n) __64__ response. If you understand what affects your child,you’ll be better at solving problems, preventing situations that cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences.51. A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved52. A. applying B. devoting C. communicating D. appealing53. A. attraction B. comfort C. steadiness D. attention54. A. possibility B. goal C. process D. solution55. A. transplant B. transfer C. transport D. transform56. A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate57. A. Draw up B. Arrange for C. Work out D. Stick to58. A. regular B. flexible C. appropriate D. normal59. A. decrease B. mystery C. minimum D. secret60. A. without doubt B. in private C. without notice D. in advance61. A. Control B. Perform C. Reward D. Maintain62. A. curious B. specific C. particular D. anxious63. A. Figure out B. Account for C. Put up D. Take on64. A. automatic B. immediate C. positive D. quick65. A. frustrating B. successful C. professional D. unpleasantSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)It’s fight night in Berlin club. The lights go down, the door opens and out walks a salesman from San Francisco. David “Double D” Depto has travelled 8,000 kilometres in search of glory. As he first walks, then jogs, towards the boxing ring, the muscular, bare-chested American looks cool and confident. But so does his opponent. Waiting for him in the blue corner is Frank Stoldt, a tall, strong German policeman, who calls hi mself “Anti-Terror Frank”. For obvious reasons, the crowd is on his side.The bell rings. Round one! The fighters come out. But then, something rather strange happens. The two players sit down at a table which has a chessboard on it and start playing chess – in the middle of the boxing ring.“Why?” you may ask yourself. Well, this is chessboxing, and tonight is the final of the first chessboxing World Championship.The rules of a chessboxing match are simple. There is one round of chess and then one round of boxing. Punching power alternates with brain power. All in all, you have 11 rounds in which to checkmate your opponent – or knock him out.Two sports in one means double the pain, and double the pressure. Before this big fight, Frank spent hours doing exercises that prepared his mind as well as his muscles. Winners in chessboxing are people whose mental strength equals their physical strength.But why do it in the first place? Why put yourself through this physical and mental torture? For David Depto, it’s all about proving that you can be a boxer and still have a brain. The sport has taken off in Germany, where they are preparing the next generation of chessboxing champions. It’s even being taught in a Berlin school.Back in the ring, it is round seven and the players are locked in battle around the chessboard, sweat pouring from their foreheads. Suddenly, Frank Stoldt sees an opening and moves in to finish the match. Queen to G7… checkmate!The referee stops the match, the crowd erupts–the local hero has won and is given the world title belt, which proves that, when it comes to mixing brains and muscle, Germany really is the Grand Master.66. Why is it “obvious” that the crowd wants Frank Stoldt to win?A. He is a policeman.B. He has powerful muscle.C. He is a host player.D. He fights against terrorism.67. What’s the way in which a match can finish?A. Either checkmate the opponent or knock him out.B. One of the players gives up or is sent to hospital.C. The referee counts down eight to zero in the round of chess.D. The player finds the opening into the court which is locked.68. What’s TRUE about chessboxing?A. Compared with boxing, it means half danger and half stress.B. It requires more mental strength than physical strength.C. The sport is popular in Germany, where it is a school subject.D. The players play chess in the middle of the boxing ring.69. The underlined word “erupt” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to______.A. leave the stadiumB. burst into cheersC. interrupt the ceremonyD. fight with the opposing fans(B)Hot Air Balloon Sydney For 2, Weekend Flight INCLUDES FULL GOURMET BREAKFA STItem: HO12955TALocation: Windsor SydneyOur Price: $299(per person for groups of 2) •Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 (there will be others in the balloon basket with you) •NOTHING MORE TO PAY ON THE DAY! YOUR FULL GOURMET BREAKFAST IS INCLUDED IN THE PRICE•Travel with the Tourism Award winners with over 20 years of experience •Float over beautiful Hawkesbury Valley•Colour flight certificateExperience the wonder of a Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2people. Rising before dawn, you can join the crew inunpacking and preparing the balloon for flight - which is aspectacle in itself! After an exciting launch, you'll drift withthe wind silently over the parklands, homes and hills of theHawkesbury region of Sydney.Hot Air Ballooning begins in the cool, still hours of the earlymorning, when the air is more stable. The launch site,determined by the weather on the morning, will be in oraround the beautiful Hawkesbury Valley. The adventurebegins by inflating（使…充气）the balloon using a giantportable fan. Once the balloon starts to take shape the burneris lit, heating the air inside. The hot air inside is lighter thanthe cool air outside and this is what creates the lift and why itis called a Hot Air Balloon. Passengers are welcome to assistthe pilot and crew with inflating the hot air balloon at thelaunch site, which only takes about 20 minutes.The Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 is both picturesque andpeaceful. You hear very little sound from the awakeningworld below. The silence is only broken with blasts from the propane burner heating the air in your balloon to keep you cruising across the skies. Watch as the sun bursts from the horizon and paints the sky pink in a spectacular morning sunrise.To top off the morning you'll celebrate with a full gourmet breakfast. This adventure is for 2 people. There will be other people in the balloon basket with you.Hot Air Balloon flights take place at sunrise. The exact time of your Hot Air Balloon flight experience will vary based upon the time of year and will be sent to you upon booking.70. The price $299 includes ______.A. full gourmet breakfastB. two persons’ Hot Air Balloon FlightC. tips for the Tourism Award winnersD. the accident insurance of the participants71. Why does Hot Air Ballooning begin before dawn?A. Tourists needn’t queue for the flight.B. The air at that time is cooler and more stable.C. Tourists can see the spectacular sunrise in the sky.D. Travelers have to start the adventure with their stomach empty.72. Which of the following is the correct order of the Hot Air Balloon Flight?①Inflate the balloon②Heat the air inside③Drift over the Hawkesbury region④The balloon rises into the sky⑤Light the burnerA. ⑤②④①③B. ②⑤①④③C. ①④⑤②③D. ①⑤②④③73. Which of the following statement is TRUE？A. The people in the basket are all tourists.B. The burner is off after the balloon is launched.C. The balloon is launched at the fixed time and place.D. Those who have experienced the flight can get a certificate.(C)It has been called ‘the hotel of mum and dad’ but few guesthouses have such favourable terms. As the housing crisis bites, a fifth of young adults are staying in the family home until they are at least 26 and the same proportion are not paying a penny towards their keep. A recent survey found that the proportion of adults living at homevaried around the country, from just under 9% in the East Midlands to more than double that in London, where house prices and rents are highest. While many around the country contributed financially, the survey found that 20% were paying nothing at all.Young adults are being squeezed by low wages and rents, which have hit record highs, while those who want to buy a property are finding the monthly cost of renting is preventing them from saving enough to get on the housing ladder. Research published by the homeless charity Shelter showed half of tenants were unable to save a penny towards a deposit, while a quarter could only put by £100 or less each month. Mortgages ( 抵押贷款) are cheaper than ever before thanks to record low interest rates but the best deals are still reserved for borrowers with large deposits.Faced with this, young adults are increasingly returning to the family home in order to save money and parents who cannot afford to offer their offspring a lump sum seem willing to help.A spokesman for the company conducting the survey commented: “The hotel of mum and dad is often staying open for longer than many anticipated, our latest research shows. Rental costs and deposits or the need to save for a mortgage deposit mean that some children understandably have to wait before flying the nest. And, for some, moving o ut may never be an option.”Sue Green, of Saga, a business that sells insurance to people over 50, said most parents will be more than happy to have them in the family home rent-free because it might help their kids get on the property ladder sooner. “Children who don’t pay rent may contribute in other ways like buying groceries, family takeaways or doing odd jobs around the home.”Angus Hanton, of the Intergenerational Foundation thinktank, said older generations were “the architects of the housing crisis” and children should not be blamed for staying at home. “The under-30s have suffered a reduction in average incomes of about 20% since the 2008 downturn. Rents and car insurance have never been so high and mortgage lending rules are now stricter for the young but not for older buy-to-let investors, who squeeze out the young,” he said. “Many jobs on offer – zero-hour and short-term contracts – are turning younger workers into second-class citizens. Rather than blaming the young, we should help them so they can afford to build lives of their own.”74. What makes it difficult for the young people to save enough to pay a deposit for amortgage?A. The record low wage and rent.B. The high interest rates of mortgage.C. The high monthly cost of renting a house.D. The large amount of money they pay for their keep.75. The underlined phrase “flying the nest” in para 4 means ______.A. getting a well-paid and promising jobB. being permitted to buy his own houseC. having time and money to have a holidayD. moving away from parents’ home as an adult76. Which of the following statements is FALSE？A. 25% of the tenants can save more than £100 each month.B. Most parents complain about running “the hotel of mum and dad”.C. The proportions of adults living at home are different around the country.D. Children who pay nothing towards their keep may contribute in other ways.77. Which of the following is NOT Angus Hanton’s opinion?A. The older generations are to blame for the housing crisis.B. Young workers without permanent jobs feel inferior to others.C. The mortgage rules are designed to the advantage of the young.D. Young people’s income declined because of the economic depression.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.When did Christopher Columbus first sail to the Americas? Everyone can answerthat question: 1492. When did the industrial revolution begin? Not everyone cananswer that –and even those who can might give different answers. When writingyour research paper, you must know when to tell your readers where you got yourinformation, and when you can assume they know and accept your information.The information you include in your research paper must be properly documented.That is, you need to identify where you found the information in your paper. By citing（引用）the sources of all ideas, statements, and quotations that you used, you allow your readers to judge the validity（正确性、有效性）of the information. For example, information quoted from a respected historical journal will carry more weight than a statement quoted from a TV dramatization.By citing your sources properly, you acknowledge those people whose ideas youare using. Since they developed the facts, opinions, and analyses that you have borrowed, they deserve a mention in your work.In addition, by citing your sources properly, you avoid plagiarism（剽窃）– the presentation of someone else’s ideas or statements as your own. You should cite your source whether you use the information word for word or you paraphrase it.While you want to credit others for their work, you don’t have to cite the source of common knowledge. Examples of common knowledge include widely accepted facts, such as that the Andes are in South America or that the Magna Carta was signed in 1215. Widely known proverbs, famous quotations, and simple definitions are also common knowledge.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)78. Why do few writers cite the source of the information that Columbus firstsailed to the Americas in 1492?_________________________________________________________________ 79. Proper citation of information sources makes it possible for readers_________________________________________________________________80. If a writer uses others’ ideas, he should cite his sources to __________________.81. What may happen to the writer if he doesn’t cite the source of information?_________________________________________________________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 当你独自在外时，记得让手机保持开机状态。

2016-2017 学年度上学期高中学段高三联合考试高三年级英语科试卷答题时间：120 分钟满分：150 命题人：黄玉娇校对人：姜巨慧第 I 卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分 20 分)第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时向来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.When will the man most probably meet Dr. Jones?A.At 8:00.B. At 8:30.C. At 9:00.2.What was the original price of the skirt?A.24B.12C.6.3.What does the woman mean?A.She's learned a lot from the literature class.B.She's written some books on the world classics.C.She's met some of the world's best writers.4.How does the woman feel about driving to work?A.She is tired of driving in the heavy traffic.B.She doesn't mind as the road conditions are good.C.She is unhappy to drive such a long way every day.5.What will probably happen to the woman?A.Miss her train.B. Catch her train.C. Cancel her train.第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面5 段对话或独白。

2017届上海市普陀区⾼三英语⼆模试卷（含听⼒⽂本和答案）普陀区2016学年⾼三年级第⼆次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考⽣注意：I.本试卷共12页。

满分140分。

考试时间120分钟。

2.答题前，考⽣务必在答题卡(纸)上⽤钢笔或⽔笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并⽤铅笔正确涂写准考证号。

3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。

第1-20⼩题，第31-70⼩题，均由机器阅卷，考⽣应将代表正确答案的⼩⽅格⽤铅笔涂⿊。

注意试题题号和答题纸编号⼀⼀对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上⼀律不给分。

第21-30⼩题，第IV, V⼤题(即第72-75⼩题)和VI⼤题，其答案⽤钢笔或⽔笔写在答题纸上，如⽤铅笔答题或写在试卷上也⼀律不给分。

I. Listening ComprehensionI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.In a hospital B. In a bank C. In a hotel D. In a supermarket2. A. $8 B.$12 C.$40 D.$803. A. A local artist B. The man’s salary C. An apartment to let D. A flat for sale4. A. Work at a restaurant B. Quit delivering flowersC. Bring her flowers every dayD. Leave his job to work for her5. A. Giving lectures B. Preparing class notesC. Conducting researchD. Doing office work6. A. She doesn’t agree with the man B. She is good at finding a place to stayC. She could hardly find the truthD. She had no travel experience in Britain7. A. The man is planning a trip to Santa Cruz.B. The man has been to Santa Cruz before.C. The man doesn’t like Santa Cruz.D. The man hasn’t been to Santa Cruz before.8. A. Promising B. Isolated C. Crowded D. Modern9. A. Game creator is a booming business.B. School learning is a must for game creator.C. He hopes to attend a good game development school.D. The woman shouldn’t become a game creator.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It carried the mayor’s speech accurately.C. It made the mayor’s view clearer.D. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They will have mental health problems. B. They will have high blood pressure.C. They will definitely be depressed.D. They will have low self-esteem.12. A. They are physically healthier. B. They are mentally satisfied.C. They have happier experience.D. They enjoy a higher social status.13. A. More and more home appliances.B. Dangerous neighborhoods.C. Bullies on the Internet.D. Ex-criminals in the community.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. How natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B. How the studies on natural disasters is conducted.C. How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D. How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.15. A. By training rescue teams for emergencies.B. By taking steps to prepare people for them.C. By changing people’s views of nature.D. By relocating people to safer places.16. A. How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B. How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C. How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D. How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His view on Canadian universities.B. His understanding of higher education.C. His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D. His complaint about inequality in American universities.18. A. It is well designed. B. It is rather inflexible.C. It varies among universities.D. It has undergone great changes.19. A. The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B. Public universities are often superior to private universities.C. Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D. Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.20. A. University systems vary from country to country.B. Efficiency is essential to university management.C. It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D. Many private universities in the US are actually large organizations.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. NoteBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines inour society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the se cret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on its creator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys h im , as well as his friends and family .” Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romanic Movement in art and li terature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also considered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Phone Stack(堆)’Ga meWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻⼊) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .” It’s not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , wh ich is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.” I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living r oom overnight .” “It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because d igital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent ch ildren from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easilySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed he r to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借⼝）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.” “ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Eff ie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreedupon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我⼀起看电影的⼈请举⼿。

2022学年第二学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测数学试题卷考生须知：1．本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分．满分150分，考试时间120分钟．2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡指定的区域（黑色边框）内作答，超出答题区域的作答无效！3．考试结束，只需上交答题卡．选择题部分（共60分）一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一项是符合题目要求的．∩RB＝（A．[0，3] B．[1，3] C．{1，2} D．{1，2，3}2．设复数z满足z(1＋i)＝－2＋i（i是虚数单位），则| z|＝（）A．√102B．54C．52D．√523．在数列{a n}中，“数列{a n}是等比数列”是“a22＝a1a3”的（）A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件4．设平面向量a＝(1，3)，| b |＝2，且| a－b |＝√10，则(2a＋b)·(a－b)＝（）A．1 B．14 C．√14D．√105．某兴趣小组研究光照时长x（h）和向日葵种子发芽数量y（颗）之间的关系，采集5组数据，作如图所示的散点图．若去掉D(10，2)后，下列说法正确的是（）A．相关系数r变小B．决定系数R2变小C．残差平方和变大D．解释变量x与预报变量y的相关性变强6．已知a＞1，b＞1，且log 2√a＝log b 4，则ab的最小值为（）A．4 B．8 C．16 D．32（第5题）OA(1，4)C(3，5)B(2，6)E(8，11)D(10，2)x y7．如图，点A ，B ，C ，M ，N 为正方体的顶点或所在棱的中点，则下列各图中，不满．．足．直线MN //平面ABC 的是（ ）A ．127B ．1817C ．617D ．3017二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分． 9．若直线y ＝kx ＋1与圆C ：(x －2)2＋y 2＝9相交于A ，B 两点，则| AB |的长度可能．．等于（ ）A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．510．已知函数f (x )（x ∈R ）是奇函数，f (x ＋2)＝f (－x )且f (1)＝2，f ′(x )是f (x )的导函数，则（ ） A ．f (2023)＝2 B ．f ′(x )的周期是4 C ．f ′(x )是偶函数D ．f ′(1)＝111．一口袋中有除颜色外完全相同的3个红球和2个白球，从中无放回的随机取两次，每次取1个球，记事件A 1：第一次取出的是红球；事件A 2：第一次取出的是白球；事件B ：取出的两球同色；事件C ：取出的两球中至少有一个红球，则（ ） A ．事件A 1，A 2为互斥事件 B ．事件B ，C 为独立事件C ．P (B )＝25D ．P (C |A 2)＝3412．如图圆柱内有一个内切球，这个球的直径恰好与圆柱的高相等，O 1，O 2为圆柱上下底面的圆心，O 为球心，EF 为底面圆O 1的一条直径，若球的半径r ＝2，则（ ） A ．球与圆柱的体积之比为2∶3B ．四面体CDEF 的体积的取值范围为(0，32]C ．平面DEF 截得球的截面面积最小值为4π5D ．若P 为球面和圆柱侧面的交线上一点，则PE ＋PF 的取值范围为[2＋2√5，4√3]BCAMA ．NBCAMB ．NB CAM C ．NBCAMD ．N（第12题）三、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．14．已知sin cos 2sin θθα+=，2sin cos sin θθβ=，则224cos 2cos 2αβ-=_____． 15．费马定理是几何光学中的一条重要原理，在数学中可以推导出圆锥曲线的一些光学性质．例如，点P 为双曲线（F 1，F 2为焦点）上一点，点P 处的切线平分∠F 1PF 2．已知双曲线C ：x 24−y 22=1，O 为坐标原点，l 是点P (3，√102)处的切线，过左焦点F 1作l 的垂线，垂足为M ，则|OM |＝ ．16．已知函数f (x )＝e 2x －2e x ＋2x 在点P (x 0，f (x 0))处的切线方程为l ：y ＝g (x )， 若对任意x ∈R ，都有(x －x 0)(f (x )－g (x ))≥0成立，则x 0＝ ．四、解答题17．在△ABC 中，内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，cos B ＋sin A+C2＝0．（1）求角B 的大小；（2）若a ∶c ＝3∶5，且AC 边上的高为15√314，求△ABC 的周长．18．设公差不为0的等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，S 5＝20，a 32＝a 2a 5．（1）求数列{a n }的通项公式；（2）若数列{b n }满足b 1＝1，b n ＋b n ＋1＝(√2)a n，求数列{b 2n }的前n 项和．19．在三棱锥S —ABC 中，底面△ABC 为等腰直角三角形，∠SAB ＝∠SCB ＝∠ABC ＝90°．（1）求证：AC ⊥SB ；（2）若AB ＝2，SC ＝2√2，求平面SAC 与平面SBC夹角的余弦值．SABC（第19题）21．马尔科夫链是概率统计中的一个重要模型，也是机器学习和人工智能的基石，在强化学习、自然语言处理、金融领域、天气预测等方面都有着极其广泛的应用．其数学定义为：假设我们的序列状态是…，X t－2，X t－1，X t，X t＋1，…，那么X t＋1时刻的状态的条件概率仅依赖前一状态X t，即P(X t＋1 | …，X t－2，X t－1，X t)＝P(X t＋1 | X t)．现实生活中也存在着许多马尔科夫链，例如著名的赌徒模型．假如一名赌徒进入赌场参与一个赌博游戏，每一局赌徒赌赢的概率为50%，且每局赌赢可以赢得1元，每一局赌徒赌输的概率为50%，且赌输就要输掉1元.赌徒会一直玩下去，直到遇到如下两种情况才会结束赌博游戏：一种是手中赌金为0元，即赌徒输光；一种是赌金达到预期的B元，赌徒停止赌博．记赌徒的本金为A（A∈N*，A＜B），赌博过程如下图的数轴所示．当赌徒手中有n元(0≤n≤B,n∈N)时，最终．．．．．．P(n)，请回答下列问．．输光的概率为题：（1）请直接写出P(0)与P(B)的数值．（2）证明{P(n)}是一个等差数列，并写出公差d．（3）当A＝100时，分别计算B＝200，B＝1000时，P(A)的数值，并结合实际，解释当B→∞时，P(A)的统计含义．22．已知函数f (x)＝e x－a（a∈R）．x（1）讨论函数f (x)零点个数；（2）若| f (x) |＞a ln x－a恒成立，求a的取值范围．2022学年第二学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测参考答案一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分．9．CD10．BD11．ACD12．AD三、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分． 13．70 14．0 15．2 16．－ln2四、解答题：本大题共6小题，共70分． 17．（1）因为 sinA+C 2＝sinπ−B 2＝cos B2，所以 cos B +cos B 2＝0，即 2cos 2B 2+cos B2－1＝0，解得 cos B 2＝12或cos B2＝－1，因为0＜B ＜π，所以0＜B2<π2，则cos B 2＞0，故 cos B 2＝12， 则 B2＝π3，故B ＝2π3．………………5分（2）令c ＝5m （m ＞0），则a ＝3m ，由三角形面积公式，得 12ac sin B ＝12b ×15√314，所以 b ＝7m 2，由余弦定理可，得 b 2＝a 2＋c 2－2ac cos B ，则 49m 4＝49m 2，解得 m ＝1，从而 a ＝3，b ＝7，c ＝5，故△ABC 的周长为 a ＋b ＋c ＝15．………………5分18．（1）由题意，知1211151020(2)()(4),=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩a +d a +d a +d a +d ，解得 a 1＝0，d ＝2． 所以 a n ＝2n －2． ………………4分（2）因为 b n ＋b n ＋1＝2n －1①所以 b 1＋b 2＝1，又因为b 1＝1，所以b 2＝0． 当n ≥2时，b n －1＋b n ＝2n －2②①－②，得 b n ＋1－b n －1＝2n －2，即b n －b n －2＝2n －3（n ≥3）． 所以b 2n －b 2n －2＝22n －3，b 2n －2－b 2n －4＝22n －5，……，b 4－b 2＝21， 累加，得 b 2n －b 2＝23(4n−1−1)（n ≥2）， 所以b 2n ＝23(4n−1−1) （n ≥1），所以数列{ b 2n }的前n 和为b 2＋b 4＋…＋b 2n ＝2224939⋅--n n ．………………8分19．（1）证明：设AC 的中点为E ，连结SE ，BE ， 因为AB ＝BC ，所以BE ⊥AC ，在△SCB 和△SAB 中，∠SAB ＝∠SCB ＝90°，AB ＝BC ．所以 △SCB ≌△SAB ，所以SA ＝SC ． 所以SE ⊥AC ， 所以AC ⊥平面SBE ， 因为SB ⊂平面SBE ， 所以 AC ⊥SB ． ………………5分（2）过S 作SD ⊥平面ABC ，垂足为D ，连接AD ，CD ， 所以SD ⊥AB ，因为 AB ⊥SA ，所以 AB ⊥平面SAD ， 所以 AB ⊥AD ，同理，BC ⊥CD ． 所以四边形ABCD 是边长为2的正方形． 建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系D —xyz ，则A (2，0，0)，B (2，2，0)，C (0，2，0)，S (0，0，2)， 所以SC⃗⃗⃗⃗ ＝(0，2，－2)，AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ＝(－2，2，0)，BC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ＝(－2，0，0)， 设平面SAC 的法向量n 1＝(x 1，y 1，z 1)，则{n 1⋅SC ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ＝2y 1−2z 1＝0， n 1⋅AC⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ＝−2x 1+2y 1＝0，取x 1＝1，y 1＝1，z 1＝1，所以n 1＝(1，1，1) ．同理可得平面SBC 的法向量n 2＝(0，1，1)． 设平面SAC 与平面SBC 夹角为θ， 所以cos θ＝|cos< n 1，n 2>|＝|n 1⋅n 2||n 2||n 2|＝√63，所以平面SAC 与平面SBC 夹角的余弦值为√63．………………7分20．（1）当n =0时，赌徒已经输光了，因此P (0)=1. 当n =B 时，赌徒到了终止赌博的条 件，不再赌了，因此输光的概率P (B )=0.………………3分（2）记M:赌徒有n 元最后输光的事件，N:赌徒有n 元下一场赢的事件P (M )=P (N )P (M |N )+P (N ̅)P(M|N ̅) 即P (n )=12P (n −1)+12P(n +1)， 所以P (n )−P (n −1)=P (n +1)−P(n)， 所以{P (n )}是一个等差数列．设()()1--=P n P n d ，则()()12---=P n P n d ，……，()()10-=P P d ， 累加得()()0-=P n P nd ，故()()0-=P B P Bd ，得1=-d B．………………6分．（3）由()()0P A P Ad，即()1=-AP n P nd得()()0-=-=P AB当B=200，P(A)=50%，当B=1000，P(A)=90%，当B→∞，P(A)→1，因此可知久赌无赢家，即便是一个这样看似公平的游戏，只要赌徒一直玩下去就会100%的概率输光．………………3分设h(x)＝x e x，则h′(x)＝(x＋1)e x，所以，在(－1，0)，(0，＋∞)上单调递增；在(－∞，－1)上单调递减，所以h(x)min＝h(－1)＝－1．e据此可画出大致图象如右，所以（ⅰ）当a＜－1或a＝0时，f (x)无零点；e或a＞0时，f (x)有一个零点；（ⅱ）当a＝－1e（ⅲ）当－1e＜a＜0时，f (x)有两个零点；…………6分（2）①当a＝0时，e x＞0，符合题意；②当a＜0时，因x＞0，则e x－ax＞0，则e x－ax ＞a ln x－a，即e x＞(1x＋ln x－1)a，设m(x)＝1x ＋ln x－1，则m′(x)＝－1x2＋1x＝x−1x2，所以m(x)在(0，1)上单调递减，在(1，＋∞)上单调递增．所以m(x)≥m(1)＝0，所以，当a＜0时，e x＞0≥(1x＋ln x－1)a，即| f (x) |＞a ln x－a成立，即a＜0合题意；③当a＞0时，由（1）可知，h(x)－a＝x e x－a，在(0，＋∞)上单调递增．又h(0)－a＝－a＜0，h(a)－a＝a(e a－1)＞0，所以∃x0∈(0，a)，使h(x0)－a＝x0e x0－a＝0．i）当x∈(0，x0)时，x e x－a＜0，即e x－ax＜0，设g(x)＝ax－e x－a ln x＋a＞0，则g′(x)＝－ax2－e x－ax＜0，所以g(x)在(0，x0)上单调递减，所以x∈(0，x0)时，g(x)＞g(x0)＝－a ln x0＋a；ii）当x∈(x0，＋∞)时，x e x－a＞0，即e x－ax＞0，设t(x)＝e x－ax－a ln x＋a＞0，因为t′(x)＝e x+ax2−ax＝x2e x+a−axx2，令p(x)＝x2e x+a−ax，x∈(x0，+∞)，则p′(x)＝(x2+2x)e x−a，又令n(x)＝(x2+2x)e x−a，x∈(x0，+∞)，则n′(x)＝(x2+4x+2)e x>0，得n(x)在(x0，+∞)上单调递增．有p′(x)＝n(x)≥n(x0)＝(x02+2x0)e x0−a＝ax0+a>0，得p(x)在(x0，+∞)上单调递增，有p(x)≥p(x0)＝x02e x0+a−ax0＝a>0．则t′(x)＝p(x)x2>0，得t(x)在(x0，+∞)上单调递增．则x∈(x0，+∞)时，t(x)≥t(x0)＝−a ln x0+a．又x∈(0，x0)时，g(x)>g(x0)＝−a ln x0+a，得当a>0时，|f(x)|>a ln x−a时，−a ln x0+a>0⇒0<x0<e，由上可知a＝x0e x0，ℎ(x)＝xe x在(0，+∞)上单调递增，则此时0<a<e e+1；综上可知，a的范围是(−∞，e e+1)．………………6分。

北京市东城区2016-2017 学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）1．人的苦味受体是一类结构具有多样性的跨膜蛋白，它们与苦味的感知密切相关。

下列有关苦味受体的推测不正确的是．．．A ．由附着在内质网上的核糖体合成B ．位于味觉感受细胞的细胞膜上C．能与不同种类的苦味物质结合D．功能是协助苦味物质进入细胞2．科研人员探究了不同氮素水平对青花菜叶片光合作用的影响，实验结果如表所示，下列分析不正确的是．．．组别1 2 3 4氮素水平（mmol·L -1）5（低氮）10（中氮）15（偏高）20（高氮）叶绿素含量气孔导度胞间 CO2浓度净光合速率-2）（ mmol·m-2 -1）-1-2 -1）（μg·cm·s（μL·L）（μmol·m·s860.6830819.4990.8430420.71030.8530121.41030.8429522.0A．氮是叶绿素的组成元素，适当增施氮肥有利于叶绿素的合成B．在 2、3、 4 组中，气孔导度不是限制净光合速率升高的因素C．第 4 组的净光合速率高于第 3 组，与胞间CO2浓度下降密切相关D．一定范围内增大氮素浓度，可提高青花菜叶片的净光合速率3．普通草蛉和下通草蛉属于两种草蛉，在北美生活在同一地域。

普通草蛉在春夏是浅绿色，秋天变成棕色，前半年生活在多草地区，秋天迁移到落叶树林中，在夏天和冬天繁殖。

下通草蛉则全年都是深绿色，居住在常绿林中，在春天繁殖。

下列分析合理的是A ．两种草蛉之间既有地理隔离又有生殖隔离B．两种草蛉的体色形成与它们的栖息环境无关C．两种草蛉在生态系统中所处的营养级是不同的D．两种草蛉的生殖隔离与栖息地偏好、繁殖时间的差异有关4．视网膜母细胞瘤基因（R）是一种抑癌基因，杂合子（Rr）仍具有抑癌功能。

杂合子在个体发育过程中，一旦体细胞的杂合性丢失形成纯合子（rr ）或半合子（ r），就会失去抑癌的功能而导致恶性转化。

2022学年第二学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测数学试题卷考生须知：1．本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分．满分150分，考试时间120分钟．2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡指定的区域（黑色边框）内作答，超出答题区域的作答无效！3．考试结束，只需上交答题卡．选择题部分（共60分）一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一项是符合题目要求的．1.设集合{}*2N 4A x x x=∈≤，{B x y ==，则RA B = ð（）A.[]0,3 B.[]1,3 C.{}1,2 D.{}1,2,32.设复数z 满足(1i)2i z +=-+（i 是虚数单位），则z =（）A.2B.54C.52D.3.在数列{}n a 中，“数列{}n a 是等比数列”是“2213a a a =”的（）A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件4.已知平面向量()1,3a =，2b = ，且a b -= ()()2a b a b +⋅-= （）A.1B.14C.D.5.某兴趣小组研究光照时长x （h ）和向日葵种子发芽数量y （颗）之间的关系，采集5组数据，作如图所示的散点图．若去掉()10,2D 后，下列说法正确的是（）A.相关系数r 变小B.决定系数2R 变小C.残差平方和变大D.解释变量x 与预报变量y 的相关性变强6.已知1a >，1b >，且2log log 4=b a ，则ab 的最小值为（）A.4B.8C.16D.327.如图，点A 、B 、C 、M 、N 为正方体的顶点或所在棱的中点，则下列各图中，不满足．．．直线//MN 平面ABC 的是（）A. B.C.D.8.已知()sin()f x x ωφ=+(0)>ω满足()14f π=，503f π⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭且()f x 在5,46ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调，则ω的最大值为（）A.127 B.1817C.617D.3017二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分．9.若直线1y kx =+与圆C ：()2229x y -+=相交于A ，B 两点，则AB 的长度可能．．等于（）A.2B.3C.4D.510.已知函数()f x （x ∈R ）是奇函数，()()2f x f x +=-且()12f =，()f x '是()f x 的导函数，则（）A.()20232f = B.()f x '的一个周期是4C.()f x '是偶函数D.()11f '=11.一口袋中有除颜色外完全相同的3个红球和2个白球，从中无放回的随机取两次，每次取1个球，记事件A 1：第一次取出的是红球；事件A 2：第一次取出的是白球；事件B ：取出的两球同色；事件C ：取出的两球中至少有一个红球，则（）A.事件1A ，2A 为互斥事件B.事件B ，C 为独立事件C.()25P B =D.()234P C A =12.如图圆柱内有一个内切球，这个球的直径恰好与圆柱的高相等，1O ，2O 为圆柱上下底面的圆心，O 为球心，EF 为底面圆1O 的一条直径，若球的半径2r =，则（）A.球与圆柱的体积之比为2:3B.四面体CDEF 的体积的取值范围为(]0,32C.平面DEF 截得球的截面面积最小值为45πD.若P 为球面和圆柱侧面的交线上一点，则PE PF +的取值范围为2⎡+⎣三、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．13.在nx⎛ ⎝的展开式中，只有第5项的二项式系数最大，则展开式中含2x 项的系数为___________14.已知sin cos 2sin θθα+=，2sin cos sin θθβ=，则224cos 2cos 2αβ-=______．15.费马定理是几何光学中的一条重要原理，在数学中可以推导出圆锥曲线的一些光学性质．例如，点P为双曲线（1F ，2F 为焦点）上一点，点P 处的切线平分12F PF ∠．已知双曲线C ：22142x y-=，O 为坐标原点，l 是点3,2P ⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭处的切线，过左焦点1F 作l 的垂线，垂足为M ，则OM =______．16.已知函数2()e 2e 2x x f x x =-+在点()()00,P x f x 处的切线方程为l ：()y g x =，若对任意x ∈R ，都有()()0()()0x x f x g x --≥成立，则0x =______．四、解答题17.在ABC 中，内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，且cos sin 02A CB ++=．（1）求角B 的大小；（2）若:3:5a c =，且AC 边上的高为14，求ABC 的周长．18.设公差不为0的等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，520S =，2325a a a =．（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）若数列{}n b 满足11b =，1n a n n b b ++=，求数列{}2n b 的前n 项和n S ．19.在三棱锥S ABC -中，底面ABC 为等腰直角三角形，90SAB SCB ABC ∠=∠=∠=︒.（1）求证：AC SB ⊥；（2）若2,AB SC ==，求平面SAC 与平面SBC 夹角的余弦值.20.已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b +=>>的离心率为2，左、右顶点分别为A 、B ，点P 、Q 为椭圆上异于A 、B 的两点，PAB 面积的最大值为2．（1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）设直线AP 、BQ 的斜率分别为1k 、2k ，且1235k k =．①求证：直线PQ 经过定点．②设PQB △和PQA △的面积分别为1S 、2S ，求12S S -的最大值．21.马尔科夫链是概率统计中的一个重要模型，也是机器学习和人工智能的基石，在强化学习、自然语言处理、金融领域、天气预测等方面都有着极其广泛的应用．其数学定义为：假设我们的序列状态是…，2t X -，1t X -，t X ，1t X +，…，那么1t X +时刻的状态的条件概率仅依赖前一状态t X ，即()()1211,,,t t t t t t P X X X X P X X +--+⋅⋅⋅=．现实生活中也存在着许多马尔科夫链，例如著名的赌徒模型．假如一名赌徒进入赌场参与一个赌博游戏，每一局赌徒赌赢的概率为50%，且每局赌赢可以赢得1元，每一局赌徒赌输的概率为50%，且赌输就要输掉1元．赌徒会一直玩下去，直到遇到如下两种情况才会结束赌博游戏：一种是手中赌金为0元，即赌徒输光；一种是赌金达到预期的B 元，赌徒停止赌博．记赌徒的本金为()*N ,A A A B ∈<，赌博过程如下图的数轴所示．当赌徒手中有n 元（0n B ≤≤，N n ∈）时，最终输光的概率为．．．．．．．．()P n ，请回答下列问题：（1）请直接写出()0P 与()P B 的数值．（2）证明(){}P n 是一个等差数列，并写出公差d ．（3）当100A =时，分别计算200B =，1000B =时，()P A 的数值，并结合实际，解释当B →∞时，()P A 的统计含义．22.已知函数()e (R)xaf x a x=-∈．（1）讨论函数()f x 零点个数；（2）若()ln f x a x a >-恒成立，求a 的取值范围．第7页/共7页。

2017届上海市长宁区⾼三英语⼆模试卷（含答案）长宁区2016学年第⼆学期期中⾼三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. At a train station. B. At a travel agency.C. At a bus station.D. At an airport.2. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Husband and wife.3. A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $504. A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Embarrassed. D. Bored.5. A. Planning to phone a friend. B. Camping in the countryside.C. Touring in a wonderful city.D. Discussing a weekend plan.6. A. The woman will soon be a superstar. B. Camping in the countryside.C. The woman should find a new partner.D. The woman should not give up.7. A. To a dress-up party. B. To the tailor?s.C. To the theater.D. To a shopping mall.8. A. Youngsters don?t really know what fashion is.B. Styles change more quickly than necessary.C. People should care more about their appearance.D. It?s not sensible to go after designer clothing.9. A. He will have an agent serve the woman. B. The woman should buy an apartment.C. He will talk to the woman in a moment.D. The woman should pay the rent first.10. A. Keep working at the restaurant. B. Wash dishes for her in the kitchen.C. Stop delivering flowers every day.D. Leave the present job to work for her.11. A. The location. B. The scenery.C. The seafood.D. The culture.12. A. Attract whales to the closershore. B. Tell people where to see whales.C. Warn people to stay away from shore.D. Go around to gather enough visitors.13. A. It is held every other year in summer.B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents.C. It guarantees every to find something to enjoy.D. It is one of the best eco-art festivals in South Africa.14. A. Weak bones. B. Loose teeth C. Skin problems. D. Heart diseases.15. A. Having food rich in vitamin.B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream.C. Taking vitamin D pills every day.D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats.16. A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D.B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D.C. To emphasize the importance of vitamin D in one?s healthD. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D.17. A. She wants to find a topic for her research.B. She tries to help the man with his paper.C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper.D. She plans to work on a similar topic.18. A. In 1813. B. In 1826. C. In 1839. D. In 1856.19. A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market.B. They were introduced to China from Australia.C. They were the first plant to be planted in England.D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses.20. A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia.B. Export and import of bananas in Australia.C. History of banana cultivation in Australia.D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Surviving Art TraditionNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved onto totem（图腾）poles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian tribes （部落）carve的totem poles, but this is far from thetruth . Carving totem poles was a tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast(22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south west and the plains , and Indians , but (23)_________(few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.The height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue to care trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dug for the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds of people attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27)___________the carving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of (28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey the tribes? history . The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation . Having the story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29)__________(recognize) in our history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30)_______ __________ decay and rot. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. acknowledgingB. bottledC. consequencesD. demandingE. financialF. FurtherG. inappropriatelyH. handleI. negative J. neglect K. unresolvedEmotional DebtMany people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards . As harmful as ___31_______ debt is , there is another form of debt that is even more damaging------emotional debt.Dr . James Richards states that emotional debt occurs …when we experience emotional pain that remain ______32___.” If the pain is not dealt with , it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years , we have chances for happiness , love and success . But unresolved pain can emerge , causing us to respond in ways that aren?t reasonable , resulting in destroyed relationships and lost opportunities . Another ___33____result of emotional debt is that our friends and loved ones are affected by it and pay a high price. When we have a tendency to respond _____34____, we often hurt those around us . Unfortunately our unsettled problems sometimes become too much for them to _____35____ causing them to abandon the relationship .People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain , for your emotional debt can come from various forms of past unfair , cruel or violent treatment or ____36_____. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very_____37_____teachers , also you may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the year can come back to cause harm when you least expect it. Recognize your feelings , but don?t focus on them all the time , because ___38______and challenging your pain is difficult , but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it . Admit you are angry about the past , and discuss it with someone you trust , or write it down because this will ease some of the danger and hatred you?ve kept _____39____ up for years . Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past because this puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you .Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now rather than deal with the___40_____later .III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ask Siri if she?s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She?ll tell you she?s ______41_____. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,”she might say. So is Amazon?s Alexa, Microsoft?s Cortana, Samsung?s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot lik e women. ____42_______, we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests.If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech soundso_____43______? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there?s likely to be greater a cceptance of female____44_______,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes inhuman-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they _____45______. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer._____46______, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.Why the_______47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, who coauthored the field?s seminal book,Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to perceive female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want_____48______ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface.This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a______49_____group of customers with a woman?s voice. But not just any voice. It has to______50_____a brand?s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications,which licenses its _____51______ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulle d up the Domino?s Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher—educated and helpful but not______52_____. That?s about right for a brand attempting to ____53_______ guys ordering pies before the big game.As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you _______54____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to ___55________. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She?ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful—and female—tone.41. A. robotic B. high-tech C. genderless D. creative42. A. Culturally B. Obviously C. Grammatically D. Undoubtedly43. A. female B. ridiculous C. professional D. reasonable44. A. charm B. researchers C. speech D. participants45. A. accepted B. misunderstood C. studied D. preferred46. A. In practice B. On the contrary C. By this means D. At first47. A. neutrality B. prejudice C. authority D. conscience48. A. interaction B. technology C. personality D. society49. A. more sociable B. more talented C. broader D. wealthier50. A. improve B. develop C. admire D. suit51. A. market B. business C. research D. library52. A. strange B. bossy C. reliable D. unique53. A. appeal to B. look into C. meet with D. run after54. A. build B. tailor C. play D. improve55. A. repeat B. assist C. reprogram D. communicateSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When Frank and I stepped through the post office doors, there was a crowd gathered, gawking at the new fixture on the wall like a chorus of wide-mouthed frogs. I had to getcloser, and that was where being a girl that's scrawnier than a wire fence came in handy. Fortunately, Frank, my twin of eleven years, was just the same."Come on." I said, grabbing his hand, and we slid through the cracks between people until we spilled out in front.Finally I got a good look. It was fixed to the plaster next to the postmaster's window, the place of honor usually reserved for the Wanted posters. Beady-eyed Zedekiah Smith, the bank robber, still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more important.A telephone. The first one in town."How's it work?" Noah Crawford called out. Noah's the best fix-it man around, and I could tell he was itching to get his fingers on those shiny knobs."Don't rightly know," answered the postmaster, and he tugged at his goatee as if it might tell him. "I do know the sound of your voice moves along wires strung on poles. It's sort of like the telegraph, only you hear words instead of dots and dashes." "Ah," the crowd murmured, and I felt my own mouth move along.I gazed at that gleaming wood box and something happened inside me. Something — I can only guess — that might be like falling in love. The thought of talking into that box — of making my voice sail through wires in the sky — it took over my brain.I couldn't get it out."Frank," I whispered to my twin. "I have to use that telephone."Five minutes later, Frank towed me up Main Street, toward home. "Liza — " he began, but I cut him off. We two thought so much alike, I had Frank's questions answered before he even asked.56. People crowded in the post office because ___________.A. they were attracted by a new posterB. the postmaster was delivering a speechC. they were curious about the telephoneD. there was a wanted bank robber captured57. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage?A. Many people stared at the new device in open-mouthed amazement.B. The slight-figured twins managed to push to the front of the crowd.C. Even the best fix-it man in the town got no idea about the new device.D. The postmaster didn?t know anything about how the telephone worked.58. By“ It took over my brain. I couldn?t get it out.”,we get a clear picture of the girl?s ______.A. eagerness to use the telephoneB. fascination for the wood boxC. puzzlement over the strange soundD. determination to fly in the sky59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The twins? frustrating experiences in the town.B. A special assembly called in the local post office.C. People?s reaction to the arrival of the first telephone.D. A great celebration of the start of telephone service.（B）Welcome to the LUSH Life!Out values are at the core of everything we do. From morally sourcing each ingredient and piece of packing to creating fresh, in novative cosmetics by hand, you?ll find a world of love and care in every product. Breathe deeply and soak up everything inside this box：we?ve made it just for you!60. From the leaflet, we can get to know all the following facts about LUSH except _____.A. providing financial support to societyB. taking the lead in cosmetics marketingC. testing on humans instead of on animalsD. crafting and packing their products by hand61. In the section Naked!, LUSH claims that they _______.A. advocate recyclable or even no packagingB. sell cosmetics without any wrapping paperC. have invented some recyclable cosmeticsD. have improved ways of transporting products62. What is LUSH?s business philosophy we can find from the leaflet?A. The market image of a company should make way for its beliefs.B. Cosmetics are among the essentials of our lives in modern society.C. Homegrown vegetables and fruit are natural and reliable sources of cosmetics.D. Social responsibilities of a company can go hand in hand with profit making.（C）Since quitting can start feelings such as guilt and shame, we often do everything possible to avoid it. “We?re taught from our earlist days that if you quit something. It means you?re a failure,”say s counseling psychologist Will Meek. He, however, suggests we view quitting differently.Quitting is like deciding to rearrange a room: you?ve grown comfortable with the status, and it can be hard to picture the end result or even see why change is necessary. And yet, there?s the upsetting feeling that you?re no longer entirely satisfied with your current circumstances, perhaps even that you?ve stopped making progress. While it?s not out of the question for feeling or regret to surface after a major refit, leaving a position, project or situation can reveal exciting possibilities, makingyou feel inspired and renewed.Quitting, often happens in situations where we?re unhappy, fearful or have determined we have no other choice, factors that can have opposing effects on our health. Perhaps you find your work unfulfilling, or you?ve jumped into a new relationship before you?re ready —and, as a result, you?re operating under intense pressure.“If stress is enduring and not managed well, it can start to take a toll.”says Meek. According to the American Psychological Association, long-term, ongoing stress can increase the risk for high blood pressure and heart attack, so walking away from whatever is causing it can deliver significant physical and emotional health benefits.“We often see a reduction in the stress hormone cortisol（应激激素⽪质醇）, which can lower blood pressure and may even decrease the heart rate,”says Dr Alex Lickerman, a GP and expert on developing mental adaptability.Leaving situations that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you. In a study that was published in 1999, then Harvard University professor Hermina Ibarra looked at how bankers tried different roles that required new skill sets—someone who spent a lot of time dealing with computers, for instance, was asked to take on personal interactions. Subjects were especially drawn to acting out a version of their future solves through …imitation strategies?—an approach they compared to …trying on different clothes,? Mark Franklin, the president of CareerCyles, suggests a similar approach as a way to figure out what your true desires might be in your post-quitting life and foresee your future self.“Pretend to be a certain kind of person, or go and meet others who are doing what you want to do.”he says,“Try it on, see how it feels and decide if it?s a good fit for you.”It may not feel like it at the time, but just moving on from a situation that?s not quite right can help you get back on track.63. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that quitting may bring us feelings of being both ____.A. guilty and ashamedB. stupid and enthusiasticC. troubled and hopefulD. inspired and determined64. The phrase“take a toll”（paragraph 3）can be best replaced by“_____”.A. develop mental adaptabilityB. bring about changesC. keep up the pressureD. have a bad effect65. An approach suggested by Mark Franklin similar to …trying on different clothes? is for_______.A. helping people find what truly suits them in careerB. telling capable employees from inadequate onesC. training employees to acquire different working skillsD. providing people with opportunities to have a role play66. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A. quitting is track that only the timid will choose to followB. personal interaction can be must for reducing emotional pressureC. mental adaptability can be improved by the stress hormone cortisolD. knowing when to stop is wise and may make dreams happenSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Exoplanets：The Hunt Is OnToday scientists believe that planets could outnumber the stars. For centuries, scientists and natural philosophers have proposed that stars in the night sky have planetary systems similar to our own solar system. The existence of extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, has long been discussed. ___67___ Although not the first exoplanet discovery, a planet near a sun-like star was discovered by astronomers in 1995. This kicked off an era of exoplanet hunting, with thousands of discoveries and confirmations following in its wake.___68___ However, in 2015 NASA?s Kepler space telescope found its first Earth-sized planet in a “habitable”zone. This is the distance form a star where surface temperatures of a planet wouldn?t be too hot or too cold for liquid water. So far, only a small slice of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been explored. Even so, scientists have confirmed over 3,500 exoplanets, with more being added every day.To detect exoplanets, scientists use data from a variety of sources. Large ground-based telescopes, earth-circling and sun-circling satellites all collect different types of information. Because exoplanets are so far away and very close to stars, it is very difficult to see them directly. ___69___ For example, when an exoplanet moves between its star and us, it causes a small drop in the star?s brightness. Measuring this drop is the transit（凌⽇）method of discovery. NASA?S Kepler space telescope has discovered many exoplanets this way.As a planet circles a star, it pulls on it and causes it to shake. ___70___ Measuring these slight changes is the radial velocity（径向速度）method of discovering planets. It is one of the most productive methods for finding and confirming exoplanets.These are just two examples of the many methods scientists use in their hunt forexoplanets, hoping for more information and enhanced detail. As time progresses and technology improves, who knows what else we may find!Ⅳ.Summary WritingHopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke（中风），that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said,“Maybe Grandma will be okay.”“Maybe she will,”I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew bet ter. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother?s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn?t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she?d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventually returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn?t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn?t explain it. Amelia didn?t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope some times? Maybe it?s because over the year, life?s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment（理想破灭）. How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That?s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.V. TranslationVI.Guided Writing古⼈云：“⼉⾏千⾥母担忧。

常州市2024-2025学年第一学期高三期中质量调研英语2024年11月注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。

总分为150分。

考试时间120分钟。

第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What’s the time now?A．5:45.B．5:30.C．5:152．What do we know about the woman’s bike?A．It is stolen.B．It is under repair.C．It is under the stairs.3．What’s the man probably doing?A．Talking on the phone.B．Listening to some music.C．Preparing for a speech contest.4．What will the man probably do?A．Buy a new car.B．Paint the old car.C．Buy the woman’s car.5．What can we learn about the woman?A．She hurried home to meet Mary.B．She was hurt in the traffic accident.C．She came home later than expected.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In the hospital.B．In a drugstore.C．In the man’s home.7．What will the man do in two days?A．Go on taking the tablets.B．Come back to see the woman.C．Judge the effect of the tablets.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

杭州市2022届高三年级第二学期教学质量检测思想政治一、判断题（本大题共10小题，判断下列说法是否正确，正确的请将答题纸相应题号后填写正确，错误的请将答题纸相应题号后填写错误。

）1.在日常生活中，从众心理引发的消费是不可取的。

（）2.数字平台快速发展的同时也存在市场垄断等自发性问题。

（）3.村民通过村民会议等形式参与村务决策是村民自治的基础。

4.监察委员会通过行使检察权对公职人员履行监督职责。

（）5.小说、戏剧犹如“存在的镜子”，同时展现了人们的物质生活和精神生活。

（）6.某镇引入非遗文化特色的文创企业，这体现了当地文化事业的发展。

（）7.青年的价值取向决定了未来整个社会的价值取向，必须用社会主义核心价值观引领青年。

8.“画虎於门，冀以御凶”属于古代朴素唯物主义思想。

（）9.世界上不存在反映同一对象的相互矛盾的不同的真理。

（）10.政治、经济、文化等社会现象都是在实践中形成的，社会生活本质上是实践的。

（）二、选择题I（本大题共22小题，每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的、不选、多选、错选均不得分）11.冬奥会期间，吉祥物冰墩墩成为“顶流”。

在线上拍卖平台eBay上，显示“已售出”的冰墩墩及周边产品价格已经翻了十几倍。

在“一墩难求”的背景下，相关企业连夜赶制冰墩墩。

这反映了（）①价值规律对生产起自发调节作用②供求与价格相互影响、相互制约③冰墩墩价格上升时人们会减少对它的购买④冬奥会火爆是影响冰墩墩价格的决定因素A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④12.民营企业是浙江经济发展主力军。

浙江省政府在民营经济发展大会上部署了新发展阶段民营经济高质量发展的目标任务，强调进一步深化改革，优化营商环境，坚持“两个毫不动摇”。

这表明（）①民营经济是稳定经济增长的重要支柱②我国坚持多种所有制经济共同发展③浙江进一步提升民营企业的市场地位④浙江不断激发非公有制经济的活力A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④13.药品和医用耗材事关群众身体健康，集中招标采购后，价格下降。

2024学年第一学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测历史试题卷本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。

考生须知：1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。

2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。

选择题部分一、选择题Ⅰ（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分）1.在公元前5000年以后的几个世纪里，中国北部的丰产促进了若干新石器文化的形成，它们在陶器生产和建筑上都形成了自己的风格。

下列对应的文化成就与题意相符的是（）A.仰韶文化——猪纹陶钵B.良渚文化——砖木结构民居C.龙山文化——蛋壳陶D.红山文化——干栏式民居2.“某因自去穷格，早夜不得其理，到七日，亦以劳思致疾……及在夷中三年，颇见得此意思，乃知天下之物本无可格者。

其格物之功，只在身心上做……”。

此语最有可能出自（）A.朱熹B.王守仁C.黄宗羲D.王夫之3.秦汉之后，在类似同心圆的“差序格局”中，中原王朝的天下秩序，由内到外，分为几个层面（见右图）。

下列中国古代的事件中属于“第二层面”的是（）①“长庆会盟”②封八思巴为帝师，领宣政院事③设置奴儿干都司④签订《尼布楚条约》A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④4.我国古代某一时期，出现“地主士绅为逃避编审丁役，大多与官吏相互勾结，通同作弊”……在许多地方都是“田连阡陌而载丁甚少，家无寸土而丁额倍多”，而“有地之家，田连阡陌，所输丁银无几；贫民粮仅升合，所输丁银独多”的问题。

为解决这一问题，政府实施了（）A.租庸调制B.两税法C.一条鞭法D.摊丁入亩5.下图是中国近代某一不平等条约的条款内容。

该条约的签订（）A.推动林则徐等人开眼看世界B.刺激列强掀起瓜分中国的狂潮C.标志着宗藩关系的开始解体D.促使清政府改革学制广设学堂6.《中华民国临时约法》与《中华民国临时政府组织大纲》有很大的不同，即改总统制为内阁制。

2024届第二学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测高三语文试题卷一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。

材料一：达尔文雀隶属于雀形目燕雀科，一共14种，其中13种分布在加拉帕戈斯群岛上，另一种分布在距加拉帕戈斯群岛600km的可可岛上：达尔文雀羽毛颜色均为暗色，体形相似，体长7-12cm不等，种间最明显的区别是喙部的形状和大小。

据考证，这14种达尔文雀是在过去的100万年至300万年间由同一祖先进化而来。

1835年9月，达尔文乘“贝格尔”号航行到加拉帕戈斯群岛时，在岛上发现一些羽毛颜色暗淡的雀形目鸟类，并采集了标本带回英国。

后来，英国鸟类分类学家G ould在研究达尔文收集的鸟类标本时发现这些雀形目鸟类是一些以前没有描述过的新种。

达尔文也因此受到了启发，在《物种起源》中论述到：“这些在加拉帕戈斯群岛上生活的雀形目小鸟实在令人感兴趣，它们由一个种分化出来而适应了不同的生活环境。

”这些加拉帕戈斯群岛上的雀形目小鸟促使达尔文产生了生物进化的思想，后人为了纪念达尔文就把这些雀形目小鸟称为达尔文雀。

（摘编自邓文洪、郑光美《达尔文雀与生物进化》）材料二：1938年12月，28岁的英国帅小伙大卫·拉克和他的研究团队登上了圣克里斯托巴尔岛，研究不同种“达尔文雀”的繁殖和觅食行为。

每天上午他外出观察这些小鸟，下午则捕捉个体尝试进行圈养，看不同种之间是否会发生杂交。

正如达尔文曾指出的那样，“达尔文雀”非常温顺，不怕人而易于接近。

这些“很傻很天真”的鸟，是拉克在野外非常难得的理想观察对象。

1939年4月，拉克一行和4种共计40只地雀一起来到美国旧金山的加州科学院。

从4月底至9月初，拉克在加州科学院、加州大学伯克利分校比较动物学博物馆、哈佛大学比较动物学博物馆等地的馆藏做研究，还专程去大英博物馆检视了达尔文当年采集的标本，最后他竟总共测量了近6400号“达尔文雀”标本！根据掌握的翔实资料，拉克很快撰写出了题为《加拉帕戈斯地雀亚科形态变异研究》的专著。