2016届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解B篇--学生版(已校对)

2016年上海闸北区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section A1、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第25~32题8分Have you noticed that your friends are like your mother's friends? Study has found that themanner1 a mother interacts with her friends makes a role model for an adolescent child when building2his/her own peer friendships.Unfortunately, teens often pick up on the negative elements in a relationship, such as conflict and opposition, and then copy these attitudes into their own relationships.The new study investigated a previously understudied association —how a parent's friendships influence the emotional well-being of their adolescent children.For the study, researchers studied the development of friendshipsand3peer relationships during adolescence and their impact on psychological adjustment.They found that adolescents4imitate the negative characteristics of their mothers' relationships in their own peer-to-peer friendships. The finding shows thatmothers5（serve） as role models for their adolescents during formative years.Additional findings suggest that adolescents internalize their reactions to their mothers' conflict with adult friends and6they have learned might lead them to anxiety and depression.Actually, conflict is a normal part of any relationship- be it a relationship between a parent and a child, or a mother and her friends. But7（expose） to high levels of such conflict generally isn't going to be good for children. Parents should consider whether they are good role modelsfor their children. Parents should behave well especially where their friends areconcerned.8things go wrong, parents should talk with their children about how to act with their friends, but more specifically, how not to act.2、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第33~40题8分BToday, women are beating men in education and in the workplace, creating a new generation of stay-at-home fathers.It1(predict) that relationships and traditional household structures will be transformed as women are earning more than their male partners.Successful women will have to "marry down" by choosingpartners2(qualified) and they may increasingly select men based on how supportive they might be to their wives' careers, rather than3they can be the breadwinner for the family.Educator Mr Willetts said there was clear evidence from schools that boys are "lagging behind",and4(overtake) , to some people's surprise, by female students at university.He said:"I am not against women having those advantages but there is now a rather striking distance. If you look at the statistics, approximately 50 percent of women5(graduate) from university by the time they're 30 compared with only 40 percent of men. Itlooks6_______women have beaten men academically.”Many educated British women think that finding a financially capable husband is so difficult that many of them even give up having7try. And they are taught allalong8(rely) on themselves for everything.二、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section B3、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第41~50题10分Most men and women feel that a dinner bill should be split down the middle, but how fair is this really? A new app aims to answer this question, and for others who fall1to income inequality, by dividing the check up according to each person's race and gender.Equipay uses Bureau of labor Statistics and math to calculate how muchis2from each person and if the diner protests, it will give you statistics about the wage3."Equipay helps you avoid the firm discrimination that exists in our society. It doesn't work out an equal split of the bill but a4one." the company's site says. "You pay what you should to balance out the wage diversity." The app is the brain child of Luna Malbroux, a diversity educator, who wanted to "ake the touchy subject" of racial and gender inequalitiesmore5. The problem is expected to catch people's eye easily."I hope that this, more than anything, starts a discussion and helps people to start thinking a little bit differently about how we can use technology and innovation to6gender discrimination and wage inequality,"Malbroux said.The app has a built in 'diversity tool' that allows you to7how diverse your friends really are and the app also displays the level of income for each person.Type in the amount of the entire bill at the top, tip included, and the software will begin calculating the split based on who your8is. Finally it will show you the list again, but now with how much each person has to pay.Before paying your share, there is the9to protest, in which the app will ask “what's your excuse” and lists reasons for you to choose from. You can say "I was a middle child" or "I'm unaware of my privilege". Equipay will find the best reply possible, whether it is facts regarding income differences or something seemingly10but also makes you think twice before keep disagreeing with what you have to pay.A. justB. gapC. irrelevantD. companyE. evidentF. victimG. typicalH. identifyI. addressJ. alternativeK. owed三、Reading Comprehension: Section A4、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第51~65题15分A driving goal for most websites is for that site to be easily found by people looking for the products or services. One of the ways people may find these sites is via a search engine. With this in mind, companies obviously want their websites to1search engines as well.First of all, website content should be unique and timely. Only quality content ensures that customers will2your website and also recommend it to friends via links or through social channels. This act of sharing not only gives your site more chances ofpublic3but it also helps to push up your search engine rankings, which extends huge psychological implication to other engine users as people tendto4.Now famous search engines such as Google use mobile friendliness as a ranking signal in their ranking algorithm（算法）. Therefore, if your site is not5for mobile devices, you are offering a less than ideal experience to some users and in result search engines will takethe6into account.Another key ranking signal that Google and other searchengines7heavily is page speed and overall site performance. If your site is loaded with too many high-resolution images and videos or other elements, much viewing time will be caused. These will make sluggish, slow loading that frustrate and often drive away visitors. It's timeto8the page size as all the visitors appreciate faster download. Some are even willing to9better visual experiences for high viewing speed. As user preference stands on top of any search engine's list of priority, search engines will lookvery10upon the speed improvements of the websites.In addition, for a hot website, appropriate update frequency is also vital. Although the content is current and up to date when it is first launched, it will soon lose its11with the explosion of other various online resources. If the content on your websites has appeared on other sites before, your website is sooner or later to be deserted because of humans'nature of having alow12threshold（门槛）. In turn, your website'ssearch13will drop drastically.Finally, don't look down on customer experience. Too often people ignore the benefits of creating a viewing experience that is enjoyable. When assessing your website's user friendliness, understandthat14of use comes first, but do not discount the benefits of adding a bitof15into that experience as well.A. appeal toB. agree withC. remind ofD. connect withA. establishB. frequentC. adjustD. evaluateA. specializationB. commentC. exposureD. strengtheningA. calm downB. make progressC. watch outD. follow suitA. applicableB. superiorC. temperateD. realisticA. emergencyB. disadvantageC. guidanceD. obligationA. weighB. reserveC. representD. reviseA. decorateB. reduceC. acknowledgeD. undertakeA. enjoyB. eliminateC. tradeD. prepareA. favourablyB. intelligentlyC. necessarilyD. fortunatelyA. senseB. wisdomC. freshnessD. featureA. identityB. accessC. valueD. boredomA. visionB. rankingC. decisionD. settlementA. easeB. directionC. opportunityD. recoveryA. humourB. satisfactionC. delightD. sympathy四、Reading Comprehension: Section B5、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模（A篇）第66~69题8分It seems to me that all writers, including those brilliant ones, need encouragement particularly in their early years. I always knew I could write, but that just meant I wrote a little better than my peers. I hope that I might one day write well enough to derive income from my efforts. Oddly enough, this never occurred to me until I met a special teacher in life.There was a kind teacher at Hyde Park High School in Chicago, who simply by concentrating her attention on me, made me believe that I might be able to master the knack of writing well enough to consider the craft as a profession. Miss Marguerite Byme taught English, which of course, involved writing skills. Whatever instruction she shared with me was exactly the same as all her other students enjoyed, but the only difference was she encouraged me to begin the process of submitting things I was writing, in those days, chiefly poems.To my surprise the Chicago Tribune not only thought enough of several of my verses to publish them, but also paid me-inadvertently-the highest compliment a fledgling author can receive. The editor wrote a confidential letter to Miss Byme, asking her to see, if by any chance, one of her students-a certain Stephen Allen-might be guilty of copying. The editor's suspicions had been aroused because, he was kind enough to say, he found it hard to believe that a seventeen-year-old could create material on such a professional level. When Miss Byme shared the letter with me, I was overjoyed! It was wonderfully heartening.Miss Byme made me realize that I should not hide my light. This made me collect my courage to enter a writing contest. The assignment was to write an essay titled "rediscovering America." I was literally astonished when I received a letter saying that I was the winner of the contest. The prize was a thousand dollars. My mother, at the time, was not even aware that I was interested in writing, or if she hadsomehow found out about it, she took little notice. When I arrived home that evening with the letter, she was indifferent and did not ask how the evening had gone.Without encouragement, even talented students will continue to perform below expectations. For example, at the same high school, there was a teacher whose Spanish language classes I attended but from whom I, unfortunately learned very little simply because of the woman's cold sarcastically critical attitude. She seemed to know nothing about nurturing students. Soon, I withdrew from her classroom literacy instruction.Years later, I was able to repay my debt to Marguerite Byme by dedicating one of my books, Wry on the Rocks-A collection of Poems, to her. I have enjoyed a lifetime writing books and television scripts because of her urge.(1) Miss Byme treated me differently from other students in that.A. she encouraged the author to try to earn money from writingB. she gave the author private instructions on writing skillsC. she advised the author to contribute his writing worksD. she taught the author the knack of writing as a profession(2) The editor wrote a letter to Miss Byme because.A. he regretted overpaying the authorB. he had doubts about the author's writing abilitiesC. he wanted to inform her of the author's talentD. he wanted to befriend a future star writer(3) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The author had set the goal of writing professionally since childhood.B. The share of the editor's letter made the author ashamed of his behavior.C. The author won the writing contest which made his mother proud of himD. The author quitted Spanish course because of the teacher's negative attitude.(4) The author is writing the passage mainly to tell readers that.A. writing skills should be cultivated since high school yearsB. it's easy for a writer like him to make a living by writingC. parents should take kid's interests and talents seriouslyD. development of skills and abilities require adequate encouragement6、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模（B篇）第70~73题8分Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed opposed to ordinary zoos? Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world's most rare animals? We are revealing for you:1. Right whales, Bay of Fundy, CanadaNorthern right whales are on the brink of extinction, but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each summer （May through October） to feed east of Grand Manan Island. They are recognized by a broad back and no dorsal fin, which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay.Planning: Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby islands, such as Brier Island, St. Andrews, Grand Manan Island, and Deer Island.2. Grizzly bears, AlaskaGrizzlies like salmon. In mid-July and again in mid-August, grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook out the fish with their formidable claws. The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools, sometimes fighting for the best sites. Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park, and Fish Creek, near Hyder, have viewing platforms.Planning: Most fishing sites are accessed by chartered light aircraft and a hike. Hyder is off the Stewart-Cassiar Highway.3. Monarch butterflies, Sierra Chincua, MexicoEach fall, millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyamel fir forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range, in the state of Michoacán. They flock intimately on tree trunks, bushes, and on the ground, fully showing their TAL#NBSP gregarious nature and occupy Sierra Chincua and four neighboring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.Planning: Chincua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.4. Komodo dragons, Komodo Island, IndonesiaLanding on Komodo, you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth, as park maps reported, "Here be dragons!" This mountainous volcanic island is home to the world's largest living lizard- the Komodo dragon. Weighing 79 to 91 kg, the Komodo dragon has a tail as long as its body. You can hike to a viewpoint at Banugulung and watch as park rangers feed food to the lizards, some of which are more than 10 ft （3 m） long.Planning: Komodo is reached solely by boat from Bima （on eastern Sumbawa） or Labuan Bajo （on western Flores）.5. Wildebeest migration, Serengeti, TanzaniaUndoubtedly the world's most spectacular wildlife sight is the annual wildebeest migration, when 1.4 million wildebeest and 200, 000 zebras and gazelles are on the move across the Serengeti plains. The animals are trekking to chase the clean water and fresh grass. Along the way, lions and hyenas stalk them, and crocodiles lie in wait.Planning: The herds migrate across Tanzania from December through July, and then pass through the Masai Mara in Kenya in August and September.(1) In which place can a variety of types of animals be viewed?A. Alaska.B. Sierra ChincuaC. Komodo IslandD. Serengeti(2) The underlined word TAL#NBSP gregarious i s closest in meaning to.A. being able to climb.B. preferring group livingC. migrating in huge numbersD. moderate in temper(3) Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. Right whales are distinguished from other whales by unique appearance features.B. Viewing spots for grizzly bears can be reached through air and on foot.C. Komodo dragons are similar to dinosaurs in living period.D. Wildebeest herds travel to pursue favourable food conditions.(4) The target readers of the passage are probably TAL#NBSP.A. adventurous visitors longing for closer look at animalsB. mountain hikers who seek unique hiking trailsC. experienced hunters who are aimed at rare animalsD. average zoo visitors looking for animal contact at safe distance7、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第74~77题8分2020~2021学年上海奉贤区致远高级中学高二上学期期中（C篇）第63~66题Genetic testing offers people insight into the types of diseases they are most likely to develop—but a new study suggests most people do not alter their lifestyles based on this information. These tests—known as genome sequencing—analyze a person's DNA, telling patients about their known risk for diseases like cancer or diabetes. But being told you're at a higher risk for lung cancer doesn't seem to motivate anyone to quit smoking or alcohol, this study suggests. Because of this, the scholars argue that genetic testing should be banned as a tool for improving people's health.Today's finding came from pulling data from 18 other studies that followed people after they received the results of genetic tests. Receiving information about genetic risks didn't inspire people to eat differently, exercise more, or stop smoking, "Expectations have been high that giving people information about their genetic risk will empower them to change their behavior, but we have found no evidence that this is the case, " study author Theresa Marteau, director of behavior and health research said in a press release.Genetic testing, which the National Institutes of Health says costs anywhere from 100 dollars to $2, 000, has become much more accessible as commercial testing companies such as 23andMe and Sure Genomics have sprung up. These companies are not allowed to share disease risk estimates with consumers thanks to the Food and Drug Administration. However, today's study didn't specify whether the genetic testing were purely from academic sequencing, or if any of these companies had had a role in supplying the data.Genetic testing doesn't get people to change their behavior for the better, but it doesn't have any known negative effects either. Knowing the results of these tests didn't change people's depression or anxiety levels. And there's no indication that testing inspires people to pick up risky or dangerous health habits either, the study found.Actually a genetic predisposition to a certain disease is common among people. Some people are born weak in heart. Some are innately vulnerable in digestive system. But these most common risk factors usually don't raise a person's chances of getting the disease by a significant amount. It's possible that some of the patients in the study had substantially high disease risks based on their DNA profile, but those patients tend to be rather rare. "It's still likely that communicating this type of information is very valuable to some people, but it's just that there aren't that many of those people, " Zikmund-Fisher from the University of Michigan said. "The idea that providing genetic risk information is going to be transformative to everyone seems unlikely."(1) Why did some experts suggest stopping genetic testing?A. Genome sequencing aren't accurate in detecting certain disease risks.B. Genetic testing results fail to encourage people to remove bad habits.C. Genetic testing does neither good nor harm to people's behaviorial improvement.D. Genetic testing results are offered by commercial testing companies.(2) The underlined word predisposition to in the passage is closest in meaningto.A. testing onB. prediction aboutC. sensitivity toD. insight into(3) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Theresa Marteau believes genetic testing helps to change people's behaviors.B. Sure Genomics is forbidden to deliver illness risk expectations to patients.C. Genetic testing results are totally coming from academic sequencing.D. Genetic testing results in a way worsen the patients' moods and emotions.(4) It's said that people's unconcerned response to genetic testing doesn't cause much harmbecause.A. getting rid of bad life habits doesn't do much good to people's healthB. almost all people have certain disease risks based on genetic testingC. providing genetic risk information interferes with the medical treatmentD. genetic testing shows few people are at a high risk of getting certain diseases五、Reading Comprehension: Section C8、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第78~81题8分When California lawmakers voted this month to raise the legal age to buy cigarettes from 18 to 21, they joined Hawaii and other areas in seeking a way in age change to prevent vulnerable teenagers from getting hooked. And now other avenues of unlawful teen cigarettes obtaining are also drying up: vending machines are vanishing, and online sales to minors are decreasing.The respected Institute of Medicine projected that if the legal age were raised to 21, by the time today's teenagers became adults smoking prevalence would be cut by 12%. The greatest impact, the IOM found, would likely be among teens 15 to 17.Given the current fruits the campaign against teen-smoking has yielded, campaigners still have more reasons to try to cut further years into youth smoking, though in vain for now. Adolescents are more prone to addiction than adults because parts of the brain most responsible for decision-making, impulse control and susceptibility to peer pressure are still developing. As for the health effects, the rise for smoking-related illness though in part with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, is mainly associated with the number of years a person smokes.The most persistent argument against raising the age is that at 18, people have the right to marry, to vote and to serve in the military, which means the age is normally considered the threshold for maturity. Therefore, they are able to decide for their own whether to smoke. But society does set 21 as the age for another dangerous activity, drinking alcohol- a change that has prevented about 900 drunken driving deaths per year. Smoking is the public's business, too.In Finland, daily smoking dropped significantly among 14- to 16- year-olds after the legal age was raised from 16 to 18 and enforcement was bolstered. There's no comparable research in the United States, which is precisely the point. Given the tobacco industry's success in getting young people hooked, teenagers deserve to find out whether the U.S. has been missing a powerful tool to save their lives.Some people warn that parents and public health advocates shouldn't get their hopes too high. Teenage behavior is unpredictable and resourceful; many teens use fake IDs to buy alcohol and it's likely they would do the same for tobacco. But unless more states follow the suit of California and Hawaii, the ultimate value of the age raise can't be obvious, can it? So take action now.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)(1) Underage teenagers can get cigarettes illegally from ______.(2) What primarily causes the increase of cigarette-related diseases?(3) The reason given by people to keep the age of 18 as legal smoking age is that ______.(4) According to the author, what would show clearly the benefits of raising smoking age?六、Translation9、【来源】 2016年上海闸北区高三二模第82~86题22分翻译(1) 没有清洁水源，几年后这个地区将会是什么样子？（clean）(2) 为了不与社会脱节，许多退休老人参与了社区组织的活动（arrange）(3) 因缺少建筑资金，公众直到最近才得以进入这个商业中心。

2015学年第二学期奉贤区高三英语调研测试（2016.04）（完卷时间120分钟，满分150分）第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 7:00 a.m.. B. 7:30 a.m.. C. 8:00 a.m.. D. 8:30 a.m..2. A. Parent and child. B. Husband and wife.C. Teacher and student.D. Shop assistant and customer.3. A. See a doctor about her strained shoulder.B. Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.C. Replace the cupboard with a new one.D. Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.4. A. At Mary Johnson’s. B. In an exhibition hall.C. At a painter’s studio.D. Outside an art gallery.5. A. He helped Doris build up the furniture.B. Doris helped him arrange the furniture.C. Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.D. He was good at assembling bookshelves.6. A. Blue. B. Red. C. Black. D. Green.7. A. He doesn’t get on with the others. B. He has been taken for a fool.C. He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm.D. He has found a better position.8. A. They’d better not go riding.B. It is not good riding in the rain.C. They can go riding half an hour later.D. Riding a bike is a great idea.9. A. The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B. The man’s apartment is ready for rent.C. The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D. The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.10.A. The man tells the woman how to get to a cinema.B. The woman lost her way in the street.C. The woman wants to know how to get to Joe’s house.D. The man tells the woman how to get to a nearest snack bar.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She was a 19-month-old British girl.B. The hospitals in Qatar were full at that time.C. She was the daughter of a doctor in London.D. The Qatar doctors were unsure how to cure her.12. A. A doctor in Qatar. B. A nurse in London.C. Dr. Brown.D. Agatha Christie.13. A. Substance used in making glass. B. Drug found in a detective story.C. Medicine often used in hospital.D. A deadly poison easily got in Qatar.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Ignore small details while reading.B. Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C. Develop a habit of reading critically.D. Get key information by reading just once or twice.15. A. Choose one’s own system of marking.B. Underline the key words and phrases.C. Make as few marks as possible.D. Highlight details in a red color.16. A. By reading the textbooks carefully again.B. By reviewing only the marked parts.C. By focusing on the notes in the margins.D. By comparing notes with their classmates.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AYour next Disney obsession has arrived! Zootopia（疯狂动物城）hit theaters on March 4, and it’s fun at the movies for the entire family. If you’re in the mood to smile, Zootopia is the movie for you. The new Disney movie __25_____ (release) on March 4, starring Jason Bateman, Ginnifer Goodwin, Idris Elba and more. Critics are obsessed __26______ Zootopia-- Check out __27______ the critics are saying about Zootopia now!---Zootopia is the best Disney animated film that I have seen in a long time. This is a movie that works for everyone. __28_____ doesn't matter whether you're 4 years old or 40 years old.---I love the characters. They do such a great job of building up Judy Hopps（兔子朱迪）from the moment she comes on screen and I think I will remember her as one of my favorite Disney characters.---Zootopia is smart, funny, and is mature in its storytelling and in its message. It’s very nice to see a movie directed at kids that has respect and treats kids as people who __29____ understand complex themes, not mindless creatures that need simple cliched（刻板的）messages.---I predict that Zootopia will be one of the __30_____ (well-known) animated films of the following years. The film does what every animated film should do; it tells a solid story with a lot of emotional depth, and a message that can hopefully teach kids important lessons. The film is also funny, smart, beautifully animated, __31_____ (fill) with great characters, and features great voice work. If you have kids, and they __32_____ (not see) this film yet, it’s safe to say they’d enjoy it, but they may possibly take an important life lesson away from seeing it too.BLeonardo DiCaprio（莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥）was born in Hollywood. His parents met while ___33_____ (attend) college and then moved to Los Angeles. He was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in a museum __34_____ DiCaprio first kicked.He dropped out of high school following his third year, eventually __35______ (earn) his general equivalency diploma (GED).DiCaprio made his big screen breakthrough in 1992, __36_____ he was chosen by Robert DeNiro out of 400 young actors to play the lead role in This Boy's Life.In 1997, DiCaprio starred in James Cameron's Titanic(1997) as twenty-year-old Jack Dawson（泰坦尼克号男主人公）. The film became the highest-grossing film to date, and his face appeared on the covers of at least fourteen magazines.DiCaprio was also a dedicated environmentalist. In November 2010, DiCaprio donated $1 million to the Wildlife Conservation Society at Russia's tiger summit. DiCaprio's persistence in reaching the event after encountering two plane delays caused Prime Minister Vladimir Putin __37_____ (describe) him as a "real man".At the 2016 Oscar ceremony, DiCaprio’s __38_____ (win) the award for Best Actor impressed all the audience present. He expressed his appreciation and worry for the environment when he said: Climate change is real, and it is happening right now. It is the most urgent threat __39______ (face) our entire species, and we need to work collectively together and stop procrastinating（拖延）. We need to support leaders around the world who do not speak for the big polluters, but who speak for all of humanity, for the indigenous people of the world, for the billions and billions of underprivileged people out there who would be most affected by this, f or our children’s children, and for those people out there __40_____ voices have been drowned out by the politics of greed. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.（Since 1952, the Queen's Christmas message has been televised in some form. The following is the one given by Britain's Queen Elizabeth II on December 25th, 2015. ）At this time of year, few sights arouse more feelings of __41____ and goodwill than the twinkling lights of a Christmas tree.The popularity of a tree at Christmas is __42______ due to my great-great grandparents, Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. After this __43_____ picture was published, many families wanted a Christmas tree of their own, and the custom soon spread.In 1949, I spent Christmas in Malta as a newly-married naval wife. We have returned to that island over the years, including last month for a meeting of Commonwealth（英联邦）leaders; and this year I met another group of leaders: The Queen’s Young Leaders, an inspirational group, each of them a __44_____ of hope in their own Commonwealth communities.Actually, ___45____ round the tree gives us a chance to think about the year ahead. It also allows us to ___46____ on the year that has passed, as we think of those who are far away or no longer with us. Many people say the first Christmas after losing a(an) __47______ one is particularly hard. But it’s also a time to remember all that we have to be thankful for. We should be thankful for the people who bring love and happiness into our own lives, and look for ways of __48_____ that love to others, whenever and wherever we can.One __49______ for thankfulness this summer was marking seventy years since the end of the Second World War. On VJ Day, we __50_____ the remaining veterans(老兵) of that terrible conflict in the Far East, as well as remembered the thousands who never returned.…I wish you a very happy Christmas.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two Newcastle scientists are setting themselves to open our eyes to the medical truth by claiming that natural sunlight may help prevent skin cancer.Dr. Ron Laura, professor of health education at Newcastle University, and senior chemist Mr. John Ashton said their research points to a complete __51______ of the accepted scientific theory. They said that sunscreen creams may help cause skin cancer, the artificial indoor light could be __52_____ and that a range of drugs in common use could also ___53____ melanoma--a type of cancer that appears as a dark spot on the skin.The research is likely to be unwelcome in some traditional medical research circles. It is based on a new __54_____ that our bodies are protected from skin cancer by the regulation of a group of complex vitamins (Vitamin D) and immune process.The sunscreens, artificial light and drugs could all unfavorably affect the production of these vitamins and increase the skin’s __55_____ to the sun. But Dr. Laura said natural sunlight passing through the eyes helped __56_____ the production of cancer protection Vitamin D.He said recent statistics from the United States indicated that people who worked indoors all day in artificial light were more __57_____ melanomas than those who worked outdoors. Indoor workers should try to have at least one hour of __58_____ to direct sunlight every day, ___59_____ in the early morning and late afternoon when ultraviolet intensively was lower, Dr. Laura said.Sunscreens, long __60_____ as essential for beach lovers, could also __61______ the production of Vitamin D. Laura and Ashton said sunscreens give people a __62_____ sense of security in thinking they are __63______ from the sun’s rays.Dr. Laura said more statistics ___64_____ their claim had come to light since the first article was published. He believes his research findings are too important to be __65______ to the scientific world.51. A. contribution B. reversal C. combination D. recognition52. A. beneficial B. comfortable C. harmful D. favorable53. A. promote B. reduce C. remove D. eliminate54. A. assumption B. law C. concept D. theory55. A. sensitivity B. resistance C. adaptation D. response56. A. monitor B. measure C. slow D. stimulate57. A. subject to B. unrelated to C. free of D. dependent on58. A. exercise B. reveal C. exposure D. experience59. A. occasionally B. preferably C. enjoyably D. extremely60. A. received B. popular C. accepted D. identified61. A .balance B. adjust C. prevent D. enhance62. A. false B. strong C. true D. sharp63. A. separated B. protected C. guarded D. prohibited64. A. presenting B. doubting C. backing D. providing65. A. limited B. emphasized C. acknowledged D. explainedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AAfter researching the history of the Vietnam War, I called my mum and asked her if she knew anyone who went to Vietnam that I could interview. She thought for a while and suddenly remembered that she has a cousin who is a veteran of the Vietnam War.She says, “I know him since I was little. He was one of the greatest athletes of the school. You can not imagine how good and fast he was. Well, he was ranked number 18 in the country for being an outstanding track and field runner. But now, those things are only memories.”I called him and introduced myself. He was in an agreeable mood at the beginning, but as soon as I began to question him, his attitude changed. “What happened in Vietnam?” I asked. There was a moment of silence on the other line, and then he said he was willing to tell me about Vietnam.He said that he was drafted when he was 20 years old and that the two years later he spent there a part of his life he would rather forget. He said, “The problem is that you will never imagine how much suffering a nd pain I saw in that place.” There is not one book or article that can really describe the human disaster that took place there. There is nothing worse in this world than killing a man who you know has a family. It is very sad, but it is the truth, and it turns more complex when you realize you were part of that truth.When I returned to Puerto Rico, it was a total disaster: young kids without fathers, wives without husbands. Most of those who made it back have no legs, like me, or no arms. I was praised because of my bravery, but for me, that was and is pure nonsense, because that war decided my future, decided the future of my family. I, now, am just a veteran who has nothing. The thing that bothers me the most is that the people who decided to fight will probably never know that it is likely to kill a man, or feel pain and suffering from hunger and the absence of love. In war, every minute you are fearing because the only thing you have in your mind is that if you don’t kill first you are going to get kil led.66.Why did the author’s mother say “T hose things are only memories”?A. Because she would rather keep what happened in the past as a secret.B. Because her cousin is no longer a vigorous young man.C. Because though her cousin was a good runner, he lost his leg during the war.D. Because time passed quickly and she can’t remember much of the past days.67.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the 4th paragraph?A. Books and articles all presented a false picture of the war.B. It takes mental strength to survive the war.C. The sufferings during the war greatly damaged the memory of soldiers,D. The author’s uncle felt very painful when he realized the truth of the war.68.Why did the author’s uncle find the praises “pure nonsense”?A. Because praises came too late.B. Because no praise could make up for his loss.C. Because he didn’t kill anyone during the war.D. Because too many praises seemed worthless.69.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Those who decide to fight should take part in the war by themselves.B. The veterans could stand any hardship in their life after the war.C. Those who made the war should be severely blamed.D. Firing first is the best policy on the battlefield.BLearn To Speak French With Rocket French!Who Wants to Learn to Speak French Fluently in the Shortest Possible Time? If You Answered “I Do!” Then Please Read on to Try My FREE 6-Day French Course.Why do you want to learn to speak French?★Do you live in a French-speaking country and want to communicate better?★Are you traveling to a French-speaking country?★Are you a home-schooled student or a parent who wants your children to learn more quickly and easily?★Are you a student who wants to get an A in French?★Have you learned French before and want a fun refresher course?Or, perhaps you just have an interest in learning the language of love!I’ve designed Rocket French Premium to be the easiest to follow, fastest system for learning how to speak French available. Rocket French Premium is an interactive course that makes you want to study. Also, it’s practical. You are going to be able to speak at a restaurant, at an airport, and with new friends!It’s a great experience to be able to speak with others in a dif ferent language. You will be able to enter into a different culture, a different world! Being bilingual is a very special ability, and it’s a gift that we want to give to you.So are you ready to get to know the secret of learning a new language? You’re lo oking right at it.Try our free six-day course. If you don’t, you’ll be missing a valuable opportunity to see just how much Rocket French Premium can improve your language level. Thousands of people worldwide have used our unique multimedia course to fast-track their French learning, while having piles of fun in the process. Will you be next?Your e-mail address is required for you to receive the FREE course. You can unsubscribe any time and your e-mail address will never be given to any third party.70. Who are target learners of Rocket French Premium?A. Students of French language.B. Language experts doing research into French.C. Teachers who are eager to improve their students’ French.D. Parents who want their children to learn French more quickly and easily.71. Rocket French Premium describes itself as ______.A. free and funnyB. practical and interactiveC. slow but efficientD. suitable for everyone72. The underlined word” fast-track” probably m eans _______ .A. speed upB. pick upC. influenceD. change73. According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. A complete Rocket French course lasts for 6 days.B. Thousands of people worldwide have benefited from Rocket French Premium.C. People will enroll in Rocket French Premium for different reasons, but everyone will begiven a gift eventually.D. Rocket French Premium mainly aims to introduce second-language learners to Frenchculture.CWhat we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem totally impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands (腺体) and so the chemistry of her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.74.Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjectsduring their pregnancy.B. It is totally impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.75.A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ________.A. she is emotionally shockedB. she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying76.According to the passage, a child may inherit _______.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother’s musical ability77.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of InheritanceB. An Unborn ChildC. Function of instinctsD. Inherited TalentsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Whether it is “women and children first” or “every man for himself” in a shipwreck may depend on how long it takes the ship to sink, researchers said recently．When the Lusitania was torpedoed (用鱼雷袭击) by a German ship in 1915, it sank in 18 minutes and the majority of the survivors were young men and women who responded immediately to their powerful survival instincts．But when the Titanic struck an iceberg in 1912, it took three hours to go down, allowing time for more civilized behavior to take control--and the majority of the survivors were women, children and people with young children．Economist Benno Torgler of the Queensland University of Technology in Australia and his colleagues studied the two sinkings in order to explore the economic theory that people generally behave in a “rational” and selfish manner.The two tragedies provided a “natural experiment” for testing the idea, because the passengers on the two ships were quite similar in terms of gender and wealth．The major difference was how long it took the ships to sink.They suggested that when people have little time to react, instincts may rule.When more time is available, social influences play a bigger role.B ut psychologists noted that many factors other than following social norms (社会规范)could come into play in a disaster, including an evolutionary urge to save the species, attachments that are formed between individuals during the event and the leadership of authority figures．The extent of altruism（利他主义）and how it occurs “is a very controversial issue,”said Anthony R.Mawson, a professor of preventive medicine at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.He thinks the dominant response was attachment behavior．Psychologist Daniel Kruger of the University of Michigan, US thinks that the answer lies less in social norms and more in our evolutionary heritage.Human beings have a deep instinct to preserve our kind, he said, and that means “people are more likely to save those who have higher reproductive value, namely the young and women in child-bearing years”．Kruger also stressed the importance of leadership during a disaster, noting that the Titanic’s captain appeared to have greater control than the Lusitania’s．(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS)78.According to Benno Torgler, what led to the different results between the two shipwrecks?_________________________________________________________________________79.Besides social norms and leadership, what other factors play a part in disaster behavior?________________________________________________________________________80.According to Daniel Kruger, Why do the young and women of child-bearing age take thepriority to survive?___________________________________________________________________________81.What does the passage mainly tell us?___________________________________________________________________________第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、这家超市的特色是24小时服务。

One【2016届上海市虹口区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Scientists Detect Gravitational WavesWhat is gravitational waves(引力波)? Scientists havefor the first time observed ripples in the fabric of space time(时空涟漪) called gravitational waves, arriving at the earthfrom a severely destructive event in the distant universe. Itconfirms a major prediction of Albert Einstein’s 1915 generaltheory of relativity and opens a unique new window onto theuniverse, according to a group of scientists at a press conference in Washington on Thursday.“This is truly scientific moonshot. We did it. We landed on the moon,” declared David Reitz, executive director of the LIGO Laboratory at Caltech, at the conference in the National Press Club.According to the National Science Foundation (NSF) experts, gravitational waves carry information about their dramatic origins and about the nature of gravity that cannot be obtained from elsewhere. Physicists have concluded that the detected gravitational waves were produced during the final fraction of a second(千分之一秒) of the combination of two black holes to produce a single, much bigger turning black hole. This fierce shock of two black holes had been predicted but never observed by NSF.The gravitational waves were detected on Sept 14, 2015 at 5:51 am EDT by both of the twin Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors, located in Livingston, Louisiana, and Hanford, Washington.Based on the observed signals, LIGO scientists estimate that the black holes for this event were about 29 and 36 times the weight of the sun, and the event took place 1.3 billion years ago.About three times the weight of the sun was changed into gravitational waves in a fraction of a second -- with a peak power output about 50 times that of the whole visible universe. By looking at the time of arrival of the signals -- the detector in Livingston recorded the event 7 milliseconds (毫秒) before the detector in Hanford -- scientists can say that the source was located in the Southern Hemisphere, according to a press release from NSF, which funded the research.This new LIGO discovery is the first observation of gravitational waves themselves, made by measuring the tiny disturbances the waves make to space and time as they pass through the earth. “Our observation of gravitational waves accomplishes an ambitious goal set out over five decades ago to directly detect this puzzling phenomenon and better understand the universe, and, properly, fulfills Einstein’s prediction on the 100th anniversary of his general theory of relativity,” Reitze said.74. By saying “This is truly scientific moonshot. We did it. We landed on the moon,” what doesDavid Reitz mean?A. We humans truly landed on the moon this time.B. The theory of relativity was not proved until today.C. Gravitational waves arrived at the earth in the end.D. Scientists successfully observed gravitational waves.75. What do NSF experts talk about in the third paragraph?A. Gravitational waves carry information about the origins of nature.B. The nature of gravity cannot be obtained from gravitational waves.C. The combination of two black holes can produce a single, much bigger turning black hole.D. Gravitational waves only appear at the final fraction of a second of the shock of two black holes.76. According to the observed signals, LIGO scientists find out that ______.A. the two black holes which brought about this event were much bigger than the sunB. about three times the weight of the sun became gravitational waves in this eventC. the event produced by the observed signals took place 1.3 billion years agoD. the peak power output was about 50 times that of the whole universe77. From this passage, a conclusion can be drawn that ______.A. gravitational waves can make disturbances to space and timeB. Einstein predicted the observed gravitational waves in the universeC. gravitational waves is not a puzzling phenomenon to the world any moreD. this new LIGO discovery was made to test the general theory of relativitySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)When I returned to the common, the sun was setting. The crowd around the hole had increased, and stood out black against the lemon yellow of the sky—a couple of hundred people, perhaps. There were really, I should think, two or three hundred people elbowing one another, the one or two ladies there being by no means the least active. “He’s fallen in the hole!” cried someone. “Keep back!” said several. The crowd moved a little, and I elbowed my way through. Everyone seemed greatly excited. I heard a peculiar humming sound from the hole.“I say!”said Ogilvy; “help keep these idiots back. We don’t know what’s in the puzzling thing, you know!”The end of the cylinder(圆柱体) was being screwed out from within. I turned, and as I did so the screw（螺丝钉）must have come out, for the lid of the cylinder fell upon the ground with a ringing shock. For a moment that circular cavity seemed perfectly black. I had the sunset in my eyes.I think everyone expected to see a man emerge—possibly something a little unlike us earthly men, but in all essentials a man. But, looking, I presently saw something exciting within the shadow: clumsy movements, one above another, and then two disc-like eyes. Then something resembling a grey snake, about the thickness of a walking stick, climbed up out of the twisting middle, and moved in the air towards me—and then another.A sudden chill came over me. I stood frightened and staring. A big gray rounded bulk, thesize, perhaps, of a bear, was rising slowly and painfully out of the cylinder. As it bulged up and caught the light, it looked like wet leather.Anyone who has never seen a living Martian can scarcely imagine the strange horror of its appearance. The peculiar V-shaped mouth with its pointed upper lip, the absence of brow ridges, the Gorgon groups of tentacles(触手), the unstable breathing of the lungs in a strange atmosphere, the evident heaviness and painfulness of movement due to the greater gravitational energy of the earth—above all, the extraordinary intensity of the huge eyes, which was unforgettable—were at once vital, intense, inhuman, and monstrous. There was something fungoid in the oily brown skin, something in the clumsy deliberation of the tedious movements unspeakably nasty. Even at this first encounter, this first glimpse, I was overcome with disgust and dread.73. Why was the crowd “elbowing one another” according to paragraph 1?A. There were no officials to control them.B. They were curious and wanted to get a good view of the hole.C. They were angry and trying to push people into the hole.D. They were trying to get away from the hole in fear.74. The Martian shocked the narrator because__________.A. it did not look like the other Martians that had arrived earlierB. it arrived on Earth in a strange and nasty-looking cylinderC. it was moving surprisingly slowly for a MartianD. like most people, he had thought it would resemble a human75. A “sudden chill”（paragraph 5）came over the narrator because________.A. the Martian was heading directly towards the crowdB. a cold tentacle had almost reached the narratorC. he saw the Martian’s terrifying features as it climbed out of the cylinderD. the sun had set and he suddenly noticed the night-time chill76. What did the narrator find most impressive about the creature?A. The horrible shape of its mouth and face.B. Its long and strange tentacles.C. The way it moved in the Earth’s atmosphere.D. Its unusual large and intense eyes.77. The description of the Martians implies that they are _______.A. cute and charmingB. friendly and cooperativeC. frightening and probably dangerousD. ugly but unluckily misunderstoodThree【2016届上海市浦东新区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)In the 1990s, when an area of Brazilian rainforest the size ofBelgium was cut down every year, Brazil was the world’senvironmental villain(反派角色) and the Amazonian jungle theimage of everything that was going wrong in green places. Now,the Amazon ought to be the image of what is going right.Government figures show that deforestation fell by 70% in theBrazilian Amazon region during the past decade. If clearances had continued at their rate in 2005, an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide would have been put into the atmosphere. That is an amount equal to a year’s emissions from the European Union. Arguably, then, Brazil is now the world leader in addressing climate change.But how did it break the vicious cycle(恶性循环)? The answer, according to a paper is that there was no silver bullet but instead a three-stage process in which bans, better governance in frontier areas and consumer pressure on companies worked.The first stage ran from the mid-1990s to 2004. This was when the government put its efforts into bans and restrictions. The Brazilian Forest Code said that, on every farm in the Amazon, 80% of the land had to be set aside as a forest reserve. As the study observes, this share was so highthat the code could not be followed—or enforced. This was the period of the worst deforestation. Soybean prices were high and there was a vast expansion of soybean farming on the south-eastern border of the rainforest.During the second stage, which ran from 2005 to 2009, the government tried to boost its ability to police the Amazon. Brazil’s president made stopping deforestation a priority, which resulted in better co-operation between different bits of the government. The area in which farming was banned was increased from a sixth to nearly half of the forest.The third stage, which began in 2009, was a test of whether a system of restrictions could survive as soybean expansion continued. The government shifted its focus from farms to counties (each state has scores of these). Farmers in the 36 counties with the worst deforestation rates were banned from getting cheap credit until those rates fell.By any standards, Brazil’s Amazon policy has been a success, made the more remarkable because it relied on restrictions rather than rewards, which might have been expected to have worked better. Over the period of the study, Brazil also turned itself into a farming superpower, so the country has shown it is possible to get a huge increase in food output without destroying the forest. Moreover, the policies so far have been successful among commercial farmers who care about the law and respond to market pressures. Most remaining deforestation is by small holders who care rather less about these things, so the government faces the problem of persuading them to change their ways, too. Deforestation has been slowed, but not yet stopped.73. Brazil is considered to play a leading role in dealing with climate change because ______.A. it has rainforest as large as BelgiumB. it has cut down too much rainforestC. it has taken action to reduce deforestationD. it sent 3.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air74. The underlined phrase “silver bullet” in Paragraph 2 most probably refers to______.A. a powerful weaponB. an effective solutionC. an intelligent deviceD. a golden opportunity75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. 80% of the farmland was allowed for farming in the 1st stage.B. Soybean prices went up where farming land was expanded.C. The government hired more policemen in the Amazon area.D. The government enlarged its range of supervision in the 3rd stage.76. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Brazil has successfully eliminated deforestation.B. All the farmers care much about forest protection.C. Small farm holders are a headache for the Brazilian government.D. Both the food output and the forest in Brazil have greatly increased.77. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Cutting Down on Cutting DownB. Brazil, the World Leader in FarmingC. Restrictions Outperforming RewardsD. Former Awareness Working WondersSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and lea ding to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice –from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growingcrop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) the author most probably means the mill is______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romy van der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations.The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important “talent programme” of NWO, the Veni grant. “Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,” says Naomi Ellemers.Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). “If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,” said Ellemers.The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. “Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submi t,” says Romy van der Lee.In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee exp lains: “As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.”In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, “The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the comingperiod on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.”74. Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether ____________.A. women are less successful than men in top academic positionsB. female applicants are at a disadvantage in getting research fundingC. NOW’s procedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair playD. there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university75. Van der Lee and Ellemers’ study shows that _____________.A. grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universitiesB. men applicants for research funding outnumbered women applicantsC. the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of menD. the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates76. What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations?A. The words used in the instructions and forms.B. T he reviewers’ preference to applications.C. The methods and procedures for evaluation.D. The vague and unclear assessment criteria.77. What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research?A. Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates.B. Design a language examination for all the reviewers.C. Emphasize the importance of gender awareness.D. Improve the assessment procedures and criteria.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists (女权主义者) showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations a ssembled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence (通信), newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States, one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at RadclifféCollege, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women confo rmed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.74. What is the passage mainly about?A. The role of literature in early American histories.B. The place of American women in written histories.C. The keen sense of history shown by American women.D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians.75. In the 1st paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that ________.A. a woman’s status was changed by marriageB. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignoredC. only three women were able to get their writing publishedD. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women76. In the 2nd paragraph, what weakness in 19th-century histories does the author point out?A. They put too much emphasis on daily activities.B. They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.C. They were printed on poor-quality paper.D. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.77. What use was made of the 19th-century women’s history materials in the SchlesingerLibrary and the Sophia Smith Collection?A. They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia.B. They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.C. They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.D. They were shared among women’s colleges throughout the United State s.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem totally impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands (腺体) and so the chemistry of her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.74.Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjectsduring their pregnancy.。

2016年上海浦东新区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法与词汇（共两节，满分26分）第一节、语法填空（共16小题，每题1分，满分16分）1、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第25~31题AWhen I first hiked in the silent Ponderosa pines of the Black Hills, I was surprised at how quiet the world became. Nowadays, when I walk in the woods, I notice other things. I hear songs of unseen birds and catch glimpses of wildflower color, all of1make great subjects for me to put in front of a camera.Finding those birds is2I've spent more time in the woods of Eastern South Dakota this year than any other. Last spring I witnessed and photographed the songbird migrationfor the first time. I saw brightly colored birds that I'd never seen before. I guessI3（hook） because this spring I was back in the woods searching for more.I have a goal to photograph all the colorful birds that call South Dakota home. One that has hidden from me to this day is the Scarlet Tanager（猩红比蓝雀）. They are best found in Union Grove State Park or Newton Hills and are colored red with black wings. This year, I made three separate trips to find them. I also took time4（learn） their song and call. This helped me find a female at dusk at Union Grove, but I could not get a decent photo. Later in the week, as I began another search at Newton Hills, a Summer Tanager flew to a tree next to me and gave me a long look. It was a real treat because the Summer Tanager is much5（rare） to find in South Dakota. Later in the day, I finally saw my first male Scarlet … well, his tail feathers anyway. By the timeI6（spot） him, he was flying deep into the woods. I was disappointed. Then I thought this might be an invitation. "Come back into the woods.Lose7among the leaves, listen to the song I sing and maybe one day we will meet." I look forward to that day.2、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第32~40题BThere may be no greater proof to a society's creativity and vision than Egypt's pyramids of Giza, but the pyramids are only part of ancient Egypt's heritage. Many of the devices of their society are still commonplace. Here are two of their amazing inventions.Eye MakeupSure, eye makeup might not rank alongside fire or the wheel1one of the most important discoveries in human history, but it gives the Egyptians a run forlongevity.2they first invented eye makeup as far back as 4000 B.C., it has never gone out of style. Even more impressive, some cosmetically-minded cultures still create makeup using the same techniques3（originate） in Egypt thousands of years ago. They combined soot（煤烟） with a mineral to create a black mixture, which is still popular today.For the Egyptians, makeup was not limited to women. Status and appearance went hand in hand,and4the upper class was concerned, the more makeup the better. Fashion was only part of the reason for the Egyptians' heavy hand when applying eyeliner. They also believed that it could cure various eye diseases and even prevent them5（fall） victim to the evil eye.Breath MintsNext time you buy Mentos at the counter of 7-Eleven, you6thank the ancient Egyptians for creating a way to conceal the unpleasant smell of our mouth. Just as in modern times, bad breath in ancient Egypt was7symbol of poor dental health. Unlike us, the Egyptians didn't have sweet soft drinks and foods that contribute to tooth decay, but thestones8（employ） to make flour for bread brought a lot of sand to their diet, which damaged their teeth.The Egyptians had specialists for many medical problems, but unfortunately, they didn't have dentists to fix their bad teeth. Instead, they simply suffered, and scientists9have examined mummies have found severely worn teeth, even in young Egyptians. To cope with the unpleasant smell from their rotting mouths, they invented the first mints, which were a combination boiled with honey and shaped into pills.第二节、选词填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）3、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第41~50题Developing an original and creative idea requires thattwo completely different networks in the brain work at the same time: the associative network alongside the more "conservative（保守的）" network, according to new research1at the University of Haifa.The researchers2that "creative thinking apparently requires 'checks and balances'." According to the researchers, creativity is our ability to think in new ways to solve problems. But not every original solution is considered a creative one. If the idea is not fully applicable,it is not considered creative, but simply one which is3.The researchers assumed that for a creative idea to be produced, the brainmust4 a number of different and perhaps even contradictory（矛盾的）networks. In the first part of the research, respondents were given half a minute to come up with a new, original and unexpected idea for the use of different objects. Answers provided with low frequency received a high score for originality, while those given5received a low score. In the second part, respondents were asked to give, within half a minute, their bestcharacteristic6of the objects. During the tests, all subjects were scanned using an FMRI device to examine their brain activity while providing the answer.The researchers found7brain activity in an "associative" region among participants whose originality was high. This region, which includes themedial brain areas, mainly works in the background when a person is not concentrating, similar to daydreaming.But the researchers found that this region did not operate alone when an original answer was given. For the answer to be original, an additional region worked in cooperation with the associative region—the administrative control region, a more "conservative" region related to social norms and rules. The researchers also found that the stronger the8, the better these regions work together in parallel, the greater the level of originality of the answer."On the one hand, there is surely a need for a region that produces innovative ideas, but on the other hand there is also the need for one that will know to9how applicable and reasonable these ideas are. The ability of the brain to operate these two regions in parallel is what results in creativity. It is possible that the most10creations of humanity were produced by people who had an especially strong connection between the two regions," the researchers concluded.A. unreasonableB. practicallyC. frequentlyD. conductedE. maintainF. evaluateG. activateH. increasedI. connectionJ. outstandingK. description二、阅读（共三节，满分47分）第一节、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）4、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第51~65题Like many students, Ryan believes that the time and money spent on his education will pay off: he will eventually be able to get a good job and do well in the field he has chosen. Andyet,1all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the2from classroom to career world and have difficulty3life on the job.Writer and editor Joseph Lewis suggests one reason why this is the case. Lewis believes that most of our school experiences—from childhood through university—are fairly4, while life in the working world is far more uncertain. In school,5, the pattern stays moreor less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however,constant6is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly.Another problem that graduates entering the workforce encounter is that theyare7to think analytically. In school, many students including those in college, spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they "learned" on tests. But in the workplace employees "are often expected to think critically and make8about their work, not just follow a supervisor's instructions." Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and moreon helping students to analyze and interpret information, solve problems, and communicate their ideas effectively—skills that will prepare them to succeed in today's workplace.Finally, many recent graduates say that one of the biggest difficulties they face is adaptingto9on the job. In the workplace, employees mustregularly10with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success. In other words, if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project, that employee's11not only depends on his hard work and expertise, but also on how well his colleagues perform. Knowing how to participate effectively in teamwork—and deal with problems when they arise—is extremely important, and yet, it is also something many students don't get quite12to in a school setting.How can we better prepare young adults for the workplace? Recent graduates, looking back on their educational experience, have some13. Many think that all students should be required to do an internship（实习） while they are in school. Volunteering part time at a company,hospital, or government organization, for example, can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world.14this kind of practical work experience with classroom instruction, say the graduates, will help prepare students forthe15of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.A. with regard toB. thanks toC. in spite ofD. in view ofA. actionB. shiftC. routineD. varietyA. turning toB. reacting toC. adjusting toD. seeing toA. predictableB. considerableC. accessibleD. flexibleA. howeverB. in additionC. for exampleD. in returnA. changeB. reminderC. predictionD. difficultyA. encouragedB. unpreparedC. entitledD. undeterminedA. predictionsB. targetsC. decisionsD. inquiriesA. independenceB. performanceC. competitionD. teamworkA. argueB. bargainC. identifyD. interactA. successB. ambitionC. completionD. purposeA. attachedB. exposedC. relatedD. addictedA. patienceB. adviceC. expectationD. reliefA. PairingB. ChargingC. InvolvingD. RewardingA. availabilityB. possibilitiesC. invasionD. realities第二节、阅读理解（共12小题，每题2分，满分24分）5、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第66~69题AFans of reptiles like snakes will want to pay more attention to a special vehicle that has recently hit the streets: the Super Green Turtle Machine.Just like Batman has his Batmobile, Jesse Rothacker and Forgotten Friend Reptile Sanctuary （FFRS） can now be found touring Lancaster County in the Super Green Turtle Machine, a van with animportant mission. Rothacker had co-written a song called "Super Green Turtle Machine" with musician Steven Courtney. The song became the inspiration for the van.FFRS is celebrating its 12th year rescuing and advocating for reptiles and creatures of all shapes and sizes. The Super Green Turtle Machine will be rolling out to upcoming Forgotten Friend programs and frequent reptile rescue calls. "We have more than 60 educational events already scheduled for 2016," Rothacker mentioned. The programs will educate audiences of all ages about reptiles and other amazing animals that are often given a bad reputation."The idea behind the Turtle Machine is to take a TAL#NBSP marginalized animal group like reptiles and give them some positive publicity on social media," Rothacker explained. When reptile fans see the van parked with its colorful turtle mascot （吉祥物） giving a thumb-up, they are invited to take a photo with the vehicle with their own thumbs up sign. "Lots of people will have an opportunity to tell their friends on Facebookand Twitter that they give reptiles a thumb-up," Rothacher said. "Then they can post their pictures to social media with the tagGiveReptilesAChance." To sweeten the deal, FFRS will choose several winners from those who post photos for special prizes such as T-shirts, books, and other reptile-related items.In addition to the positive publicity, the Super Green Turtle Machine will serve a more practical purpose, as well. Rothacker and his team hope to make a few more changes to the van in the future. "The main work is done, but we'd love to finish her up," Rothacker shared. "We have plans to add flashing caution lights for when we stop to help snakes and turtles cross the road." Further enhancements to the Turtle Machine include adding extra tools to help with reptile rescue pickups and live educational events.As FFRS is a non-profit, donations toward the Super Green Turtle Machine are tax deductible. Interested individuals may contribute at www. .(1) What can we learn from the passage about Jesse Rothacker?A. He is good at composing songs.B. He has many batmobiles.C. He cures creatures of all shapes and sizes.D. He works for FFRS.(2) What's the mission of the Super Green Turtle Machine?A. To roll out to the street for people to take pictures with.B. To publicize reptiles positively and give them practical help.C. To inspire people with the songs the van plays.D. To choose the winners from those posting good photos.(3) What does the underlined word "marginalized" in the 4th paragraph most probably mean?A. Often neglected.B. Highly endangered.C. Much valued.D. Widely noticed.(4) According to Rothacker, which of the following is NOT among the possible changes to the van?A. Flashing caution lights.B. Colourful turtle mascots.C. Tools for live educational events.D. Reptile rescue pickup tools.6、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第70~73题B(1) According to Miss Manners, the proper way to deal with a kid asking for gifts is.A. to ignore the kid's request for giftsB. to scold the kid for asking for presentsC. to tell kids gift giving is voluntary and two-wayD. to advise the kid's mum to teach him proper manners(2) Which of the following does Miss Manners advise you to do at a party?A. Suggest guests arriving during the event.B. Directly remind guests to leave at a proper time.C. Inform guests of both starting and finishing hours.D. Give guests clear hint when they should leave the party.(3) In witch part of a newspaper can you find this passage?A. Advice Section.B. Live Chats Section.C. Entertainment Section.D. Classified Ads Section.7、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第74~77题CIn the 1990s, when an area of Brazilian rainforest the size ofBelgium was cut down every year, Brazil was the world's environmental villain（反派角色） and the Amazonian jungle the image of everything that was going wrong in green places. Now, the Amazon ought to be the image of what is going right. Government figures show that deforestation fell by 70% in the Brazilian Amazon region during the past decade. If clearances had continued at their rate in 2005, an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide would have been put into the atmosphere. That is an amount equal to a year's emissions from the European Union.Arguably, then, Brazil is now the world leader in addressing climate change.But how did it break the vicious cycle（恶性循环）? The answer, according to a paper is that there was no TAL#NBSP silver bullet but instead a three-stage process in which bans, better governance in frontier areas and consumer pressure on companies worked.The first stage ran from the mid-1990s to 2004. This was when the government put its efforts into bans and restrictions. The Brazilian Forest Code said that, on every farm in the Amazon, 80% of the land had to be set aside as a forest reserve. As the study observes, this share was so high that the code could not be followed—or enforced. This was the period of the worst deforestation. Soybean prices were high and there was a vast expansion of soybean farming on the south-eastern border of the rainforest.During the second stage, which ran from 2005 to 2009, the government tried to boost its ability to police the Amazon. Brazil's president made stopping deforestation a priority, which resulted in better co-operation between different bits of the government. The area in which farming was banned was increased from a sixth to nearly half of the forest.The third stage, which began in 2009, was a test of whether a system of restrictions could survive as soybean expansion continued. The government shifted its focus from farms to counties （each state has scores of these）. Farmers in the 36 counties with the worst deforestation rates were banned from getting cheap credit until those rates fell.By any standards, Brazil's Amazon policy has been a success, made the more remarkable because it relied on restrictions rather than rewards, which might have been expected to have worked better. Over the period of the study, Brazil also turned itself into a farming superpower, so the country has shown it is possible to get a huge increase in food output without destroying the forest. Moreover, the policies so far have been successful among commercial farmers who care about the law and respond to market pressures. Most remaining deforestation is by smallholders who care rather less about these things, so the government faces the problem of persuading them to change their ways, too. Deforestation has been slowed, but not yet stopped.(1) Brazil is considered to play a leading role in dealing with climate changebecause.A. it has rainforest as large as BelgiumB. it has cut down too much rainforestC. it has taken action to reduce deforestationD. it sent 3.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air(2) The underlined phrase "silver bullet" in Paragraph 2 most probably refersto.A. a powerful weaponB. an effective solutionC. an intelligent deviceD. a golden opportunity(3) Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. 80% of the farmland was allowed for farming in the 1st stage.B. Soybean prices went up where farming land was expanded.C. The government hired more policemen in the Amazon area.D. The government enlarged its range of supervision in the 3rd stage.(4) What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Brazil has successfully eliminated deforestation.B. All the farmers care much about forest protection.C. Small farm holders are a headache for the Brazilian government.D. Both the food output and the forest in Brazil have greatly increased.(5) What can be the best title of the passage?A. Cutting Down on Cutting DownB. Brazil, the World Leader in FarmingC. Restrictions Outperforming RewardsD. Former Awareness Working Wonders第三节、阅读表达（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）8、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第78~81题Want More Innovation? Get More Diversity （多样性）Research by my colleague and I suggests that university administrators who do not work hard to attract and retain African-American teaching staff may well be missing out on an important benefit: Academic departments that are more diverse may produce more creative ideas and work.A mathematical model has been developed to study the effects of diversity. And we discovered a simple truth: More diverse groups may do better because they are less conformist（墨守成规的）.Picture it: You're brainstorming with your best friend of 30 years. You grew up in the same neighborhood, went to the same school, and stood up for each other at your weddings. When a crazy ideacrosses your mind, you immediately see all the reasons why he may dismiss it. On the other hand, you know what ideas he is receptive to — so why not start with those?Now suppose you're brainstorming with someone who grew up with a different perspective and who has very different experiences from you. Would you be more willing to share your crazy idea with her? After all, you have no clue what ideas she is open to — so why not try it out?Something like this may be going on in the academic workplace. We often don't realize it, but we constantly think about how people around us will react to us. In itself, this is not a bad thing. If we didn't put ourselves into other people's shoes, we'd experience even more disagreements and misunderstandings than we already do.But our research suggests that a little unpredictability may not be a bad thing. In fact, a little more unpredictability may be what we need to make us all a little less conformist and a little more open to trying new things.Extensive data suggest that more diverse teams outperform homogeneous（同质的） teams when it is crucial to be innovative, which agrees with our mathematical model.So if diverse groups outperform more homogeneous ones, why do university administrators not choose to hire more African-Americans? There are many possible reasons, but one is that people have a tendency to hire people like themselves. Interacting with people like ourselves allows us to stay within our comfort zones. It is certainly easier to find common ground with one's friend of 30 years than with a stranger. Yet given the increasing emphasis on innovation and creativity in today's economy, it pays for universities to actively pursue a more racially and ethnically diverse teaching staff. So, stop hiring people who look like you.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.）(1) Research by the writer and his colleague indicates that the more diverse academic apartmentsare,.(2) According to the writer, showing ready comprehension of others' situation will contributeto.(3) As is suggested in the research, what can make us more open to diversity?(4) Why is a university administrator more likely to hire people like him?三、翻译（共5小题，满分22分）9、【来源】 2016年上海浦东新区高三二模第82~86题Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 今晚为什么不看本杂志放松一下呢？（relax）(2) 他在一些无关紧要的事上花费太多时间，导致了整个项目的失败。

1 / 12闵行区2013学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚。

答题时客观题用2B 铅笔按要求填涂，主观题用黑色水笔书写。

2. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷，共12页。

满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Customer and waitress. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary. D. Lawyer and client.2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.3. A. In a seafood market. B. At a restaurant.C. On a fishing boat. D. In a store specializing in seashells.4. A. Making a pot of coffee. B. Trying different brands of coffee.C. Drinking less coffee. D. Getting a different coffee pot.5. A. Confused. B. Depressed. C. Relieved. D. Worried.6. A. They’d better not go riding. B. Riding a bike is a great idea.C. It’s not good riding in the rain. D. They can go riding half an hour later.7. A. Still he doesn’t like living on campus. B. School has changed little since last year.C. He has made many new friends. D. He enjoys campus life all the same.8. A. It’s even harder than people say.学校_______________________班级__________准考证号_________姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………B. He doesn’t believe it’s hard for everybody.C. It’s not as hard as he’d thought.D. It’s hard to know what to believe about it.9. A. Mike isn’t a very good violinist.B. It’s rather late to ask Mike now.C. There will be other musicians to introduce.D. Someone else should make the introductions.10. A. The exam questions were too difficult.B. The questions had little connection with the course.C. He couldn’t finish the questions within the time allowed.D. He found the questions easy to answer.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She had never been punished for a driving offence.B. She had always been driving at a high speed.C. She could still drive her old car like a woman half her age.D. She had never offended the law.12. A. Because she wanted to break her record.B. Because she couldn’t tell red from green.C. Because her eyes had become weak with old age.D. Because she drove too fast and couldn’t brake.13. A. She showed the judge her clean record.B. She threaded a needle with a small eye with ease.C. She opened her handbag and picked out the medical record.D. She defended herself by raising lots of questions for the judge.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To make corrections in spelling and grammar.B. To make the main idea clear to the reader.C. To add more specific details and examples.D. To improve overall effectiveness.2 / 123 / 1215. A. By the end of the term.B. Before the paper becomes clear to the reader.C. Two weeks before the final due date.D. After you finish the course.16. A. To review material covered in an earlier lecture.B. To change students’ approach to writing.C. To point out an example of good writing.D. To give an assignment for the next class. Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Where is the conversation taking place?At a (17)__________ bookstore.How much will Jenny pay for her poetry book?(18)__________ cents.Why does Jenny mention Shakespeare?Because his (19)__________ is worth a lot.What kind of book is David going to buy? A (20)__________.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Beauty Fitness Club Survey Form Membership number: PTF78196Occupation: (21) ____________.Personal InformationTypes of classes: (22) __________ & yoga.Classes: enjoyable Instructors: (23) __________.Opinions about Classes & Instructors Problems: busy evening classes Suggestions: (24) ______________ in the plete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Walking down a path, I saw a small pool of water ahead on the path. I angled my direction to go around it on the part of the path (25)______ wasn’t covered by water or mud. As I reached the pool, I was suddenly attacked! Yet I did nothing for the attack. It was so unexpected. I was surprised as well as unhurt though I (26)______(strike) four or five times. I backed up a foot and my attacker stopped (27)______(attack) me. I found it amusing. And I was laughing. After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly!Having stopped laughing, I stepped back (28)______(look) the situation over. My attacker moved back to land on the ground. That’s when I discovered why my attacker was charging me only moments (29)______(early). He had a mate and she was dying.Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her. I could only admire the love and courage of that butterfly in his concern for his mate, even though she was clearly dying and I was so large. He did so just to give her those extra few precious moments of life, (30)______ ______ I was careless enough to step on her. His courage in attacking something thousands of times larger and heavier than himself just for his mate’s safety seemed admirable. I couldn’t do anything other than (31)______(reward) him by walking on the more difficult side of the pool. He had truly earned those moments to be with her, undisturbed.Since then, I’ve always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly (32)______ I see huge barriers facing me.(B)You’ve probably seen athletes who take their own successes too seriously. They celebrate a goal with a very long victory dance or continually talk big about their abilities. This is the exact opposite of (33)______ sportsmanship is all about.Everyone feels great when they win, but it can be just as hard to be a good sport (有运动家品格的人) when you have won a game as when you have lost one. Sportsmanship takes courage — when you work really hard at a sport, it’s not easy (34)______(admit) you made a bad play or someone has more skills than you. In competition — as in life — you may not always win but you can learn (35)______ from losing, too.It’s pretty tough to lose, so it is definitely annoying if someone continues making fun of you or your team (36)______ the competition is over. Sometimes it’s hard to swallow your pride and walk on. But there’s always the next match.When you do lose—and it will happen—lose with class (风度). (37)______(be) proud of how you performed, or at least realizing things you need to improve for next time, is the key. When it comes to losing, sportsmanship means congratulating the winners willingly. Also, it means accepting the game result without complaint and without excuses, (38)______ ______ you sometimes might doubt the referees (裁判员) made some questionable calls.When you win, the good way is to be a polite and generous winner. Sportsmanship means admitting victories (39)______ putting your opponents to shame and letting victories speak for themselves, that is, being quietly proud of success. Despite the fact (40)______ you have a massive win, sportsmanship means still finding ways to praise your opponents.4 / 12Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. challengedB. functionsC. solvedD. deservesE. mirrorsF. practicalG. furtherH. urgeI. presenceJ. opposingK. survival“In wilderness is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed 41 a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 42 to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform 43 that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the 44 view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human 45 , or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for 46 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 47 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 48 by the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a 49 question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously 50 much more serious thinking.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the 51 roles of producer or “provider” and5 / 12purchaser or “consumer” in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a(n) 52 buyer with various inducements (引诱) of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition,53 , is not common in most of the health-care industry. In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the 54 relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician—and even then there may be no real choice– it is the physician who usually makes all significant 55 decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday,” whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and experienced patient who will 56 such decisions made by experts or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as 57 . This is particularly 58 in relation to hospital care. The physician must give evidence of the 59 for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be allowed to leave. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are 60 . Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer.” As a consequence, the 61 represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration. Although usually there are in this situation four recognizable participants — the physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government) — the physician makes the 62 for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally 63 most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital; and for the most part the patient plays a 64 role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care 65 are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy directed at patients or the general are relatively ineffective.51. A. peculiar B. normal C. minor D. vital52. A. eager B. potential C. overseas D. reluctant53. A. moreover B. therefore C. however D. instead54. A. ordinary B. permanent C. stable D. intense55. A. difficult B. conscious C. early D. purchasing56. A. accept B. confirm C. challenge D. announce57. A. common B. serious C. mild D. preventable58. A. significant B. rare C. changeable D. alternative59. A. choice B. need C. disadvantage D. importance60. A. balanced B. accurate C. independent D. final61. A. patient B. medical staff C. government D. insurance agent62. A. academic B. typical C. unique D. essential63. A. reduces B. sends C. loses D. meets64. A. traditional B. clear C. passive D. dominant6 / 1265. A. spending B. schedule C. therapy D. requirement Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is cruel, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of conflict between hunters and hunt saboteurs(阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere(干涉) with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy conflicts between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.66. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________. A. for recreationB. to limit the fox populationC. in the interests of the farmersD. to show off their wealth67. What is special about fox hunting in Britain? A. It involves the use of a deadly poison.B. It is a costly event that rarely occurs.C. The hunters have set rules to follow.　D. The hunters have to go through strict training.7 / 1268. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.A. by leaning upon violenceB. by taking legal actionC. by confusing the fox huntersD. by demonstrating on the scene69. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.A. prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB. forbid hunting foxes with dogsC. stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD. prevent large-scale fox hunting(B)Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be dirtier than their gasoline-powered cousins.People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions (零排放的) vehicles,” but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Aside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators (发电机). Generators are fueled by something — usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning cars. It’s just that the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean. It is not. It’s as if the California Greens (加州绿党) are covering their eyes — “If I can’t see it, it’s not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat — at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may power your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won’t get you nearly as far — so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes, or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don’t use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars’ batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it’s a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.8 / 1270. Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in paragraph 2?A. Be familiar with.B. Be curious about.C. Show their interest in.D. Fail to understand.71. What can we learn about the California Green from the idea “If I can’t see it, it’s nothappening”?A. They do not know those clean cars are likely coal-burning cars.B. They do believe the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean.C. They tend to hold that electricity is a nice part of energy.D. They tend to maintain that gasoline is a good way to run a vehicle.72. According to the passage, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more _______.A. environmentally-friendlyB. expensiveC. harmfulD. efficient73. We can get the conclusion from the passage that _______.A. being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationB. electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning somethingC. zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD. electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline-powered cousins(C)For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot to gain. But is the same thing true for workers in poor countries? The answer is that they are even more likely than their rich-country counterparts(地位相当的人) to benefit, because they have less to lose and more to gain.Traditional economics takes an optimistic line on integration (整合) and the developing countries. Openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to poor economies. In the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to make money by adding capital to labour have already been used up. If poor countries lower their barriers to trade and investment, the theory goes, rich foreigners will want to send over some of their capital.If this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment (组合投资), it will top up domestic savings and loosen the financial restriction on additional investment by local companies. If it arrives in the form of new foreign-controlled operations, FDI, so much the better: this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged along with it, with less financial risk as well. In either case, the addition to investment ought to push9 / 12incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labour and partly by making labour more productive.This is why workers in FDI-receiving countries should be in an even better position to profit from integration than workers in FDI-sending countries. Also, with or without inflows of foreign capital, the same gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich ones. This gains from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere. Surely one side or the other must lose. Not so. The benefits that a rich country gets through trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners, or vice versa. Recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. In all these trades, both sides—exporters and importers, borrowers and lenders, shareholders and workers can gain.74.Why are workers in poor countries more likely to benefit from the process of globalization?A. They can get more chances to gain a good job.B. They can get more financial aid.C. They have nothing to lose.D. They have less to lose and more to gain.75. What can be the final result of the inflow of the resource?A. It will top up domestic savings.B. It will loosen the financial restriction.C. It will push people’s incomes up.D. It will bring technology and skills from abroad.76. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Poor countries get the most profit during the process of trade.B. Rich countries get profit from trade at poor countries’ expense.C. Poor countries get more profit from trade than rich ones.D. All aspects involved in the trade can get benefit.77.Which can be the most appropriate title for this passage?A. Benefited or HurtB. Who Benefits the MostC. Helping the PoorD. The Inflow of ResourcesSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.10 / 12By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country. While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually indicates a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignment, and schedules on websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether. The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas. But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced enthusiasm to the course. While dropout rate for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses internal in the setup. In a survey conducted for Cornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course. Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS.)78. The author mentioned the University of Phoenix to make us believe that _____________.79. According to the second paragraph, if you apply for a DL course, you will have little chance to _______________.80. What are the two negative effects the convenience of DL brings about?81. Universities show great passion for DL programs for the purpose of _________________.11 / 12第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 千万别卷入那件事，否则你将自寻麻烦。

2016年上海长宁区（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section A1、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第25~32题8分AAbout dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metaland,1(escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw（爪子）and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again andagain2the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance”– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears' highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truthis3they are not put to sleep for this painful process.Chains4(attach) to the rings so the trainers can control theanimals,5weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears' nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers6(injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually7(consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems8many of them display strange behavior such as swaying（摇摆）and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.2、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第33~40题8分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第33~40题8分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第33~40题8分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第33~40题8分BThe Power of GoodIt was Mother's Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that onlyminutes1(early) an elderly woman had fallen andhurt2badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about3had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “4(fall) over in front of everyone isn't much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I5buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. "Just take it," she replied. “I can't take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse6(arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead Igave7flower to the woman's husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was8. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.二、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section B3、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第41~50题10分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第41~50题10分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第41~50题10分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第41~50题10分Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the1of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience2life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a funand3way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided bya(n)4helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides5from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators（短吻鳄）and other wildlife, and experience the6nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it isto7the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfiesthose8with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous9to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for10in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that's fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecotour that you won't soon forget.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiled三、Reading Comprehension: Section A4、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第51~65题15分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第51~65题15分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第51~65题15分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第51~65题15分Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd,a(n)1brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of2. Having a more flexible brain,3, means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven't developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n)4period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to5the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all ofthe6that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they're taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are7about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to8, as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being9by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren't sure whether we'll be able to develop the same10using social media.There is a(n)11of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more12than teenagers in the past. They may be keenon13their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and14social andeducational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making itmore15for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.A. digitalB. adolescentC. surgicalD. artificialA. functioningB. noticingC. adjustingD. decidingA. howeverB. thereforeC. otherwiseD. insteadA. naturalB. gloriousC. limitedD. extendedA. keep up withB. come up withC. put up withD. end up withA. gossipingB. multitaskingC. interactingD. playingA. reportsB. curiositiesC. concernsD. talksA. memorizeB. sortC. imagineD. socializeA. changedB. controlledC. troubledD. interruptedA. trendsB. attitudesC. societiesD. skillsA. advantageB. distractionC. indicationD. historyA. absent-mindedB. global-mindedC. quick-mindedD. serious-mindedA. accessingB. textingC. discoveringD. watchingA. on the wholeB. as a resultC. in other wordsD. by all meansA. flexibleB. importantC. difficultD. incredible四、Reading Comprehension: Section B5、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第66~69题8分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第66~69题8分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）（A篇）第66~69题8分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第66~69题8分Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit（中转）camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children,Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people—the 'deportees' of the cutting—are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table…the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman's face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever…(1) What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World WarB. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.(2) Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees' routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.(3) The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp(4) The author told the story in a（n）tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent6、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第70~72题6分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第70~72题6分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）（B篇）第70~72题6分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第70~72题6分What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week course1. up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2. 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)3. full board （全食宿） with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP courses1. in addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachers2. we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course3. we tailor courses to each group's needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group. How to apply***************************************************************.uk.Bycontactingusbefore you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!(1) What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.(2) Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 20(3) The purpose of this writing is to.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses7、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第73~77题10分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第73~77题10分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第73~77题10分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第73~77题10分Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir（嗡嗡声）of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere（南半球）, once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia's rice crop by 98 percent and leading to TAL#NBSP the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice—from sheep farming, the country's other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought's effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages—for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb."There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place, " said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute（IRRI）. The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations（浓度）of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice—although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. "I'm not as negative as most people, " said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. "Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. "Rice is an essential food, " said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin."Wine is not."(1) By "the mothballing of the mill"（in Paragraph 1）the author most probably means the millis.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round(2) To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice(3) Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.(4) It can be inferred from the passage that.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people's livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia(5) Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attention五、Reading Comprehension: Section C8、【来源】 2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第78~81题8分What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour—a blue "1" or a red "D." Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word "hurricane" tastes salty. Yet others with "mirror-touch synesthesia" see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter（脑白质）of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception（感知）. Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn't always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive（认知）function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn't give artistic sensitivity, but it's understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.）(1) According to the passage synesthetes are those.(2) Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don't?(3) What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?(4) Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibilitythat.六、Translation9、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第82~86题22分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第82~86题22分2016年上海青浦区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第82~86题22分2016年上海宝山区高三二模（长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模）第82~86题22分翻译。

2016年上海市黄浦区高考模拟考试英语试卷（完卷时间：120 分钟 满分： 150 分） 2016年4月14日下午第I 卷 （共103分）I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of of each each each conversation, conversation, conversation, a a question question will will will be be asked asked about about about what what what was was was said. said. said. The The The conversations conversations conversations and and and the the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard. 1. A. March. B. May. C. June. D. July. 2. A. By car B. By bus. C. By train. D. On foot. 3. A. Choose a new dentist. B. Cure the pain by herself. C. Make an appointment with her dentist. D. Ask for the right way to brush her teeth. 4. A. A bus driver. B. An airline ticket agent. C. A post office clerk. D. A department store salesperson. 5. A. Close the window. B. Prepare their clothes. C. Lock the suitcase. D. Call a taxi. 6. A. Take a day off from work. B. Go and join the people in the office. C. Find more people to help with the move. D. Move to a new place at free time. 7. A. Find a larger room. B. Sell the old table. C. Buy two bookshelves. D. Rearrange some furniture. 8. A. He wants to spend more time with his family. B. He doesn‟t think he is capable of doing the job. C. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. D. He doesn‟t enjoy business trips as much as he used to. 9. A. The man is willing to help the woman. B. The man is losing patience with the woman. C. The woman will let Bob chat with the man. D. The man has already finished his project. 10. A. The woman believes that Peter can give up smoking. B. Peter finds it easy to give up smoking. C. Peter has not given up smoking. D. Peter has convinced the woman that he can give up smoking. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Now teleshopping is popular in almost every country in the world. B. People can shop things from the biggest European company on TV. . C. Frenchmen spend about $ 20 million a year buying things on TVD. More TV channels can open for telebusiness in America. 12. A. They have to stay at home and watch TV. B. They think it‟s a new way of buying things. 。

2015学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语 2016.4考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，全卷共11页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a restaurant. B. At the cinema.C. At the airport.D. At the laundry.2. A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday. D. Friday.3. A. Take a walk. B. Clean the backyard.C. Fill in some forms.D. Enjoy the beautiful day.4. A. She has every confidence in Susan. B. She is a little bit surprised at the news.C. She has not read the news on the Net.D. She is not as bright and diligent asSusan.5. A. He is a very successful businessman. B. He has changed his business strategy.C. He is making plans to expand his operation.D. He was twenty when he left thecompany.6. A. To prevent the woman from going there. B. To make the man’s mother happy.C. To make the woman feel sorry.D. To help control the conversation.7. A. He did not attend today’s class either. B. His notes are not easy to read.C. Nobody has seen his handwriting before.D. He is very pleased to be able to help.8. A. Mike is a person difficult to deal with. B. Mike dislikes any formal gathering.C. Mike is unwilling to speak in public.D. Mike often keeps his distance from others.9. A. It is the first time they have been on a trip. B. They feel tired about travelling everywhere.C. They don’t have to worry about the time.D. They have to travel by schedules now.10. A. He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.B. He doesn’t think high blood pressure is a problem for him.C. He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.D. He was not aware of his illness until diagnosed with it.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Two years ago. B. When he was 14.C. At the age of 18.D. When he was 21.12. A. Because his friends persuaded him to give it up.B. Because his teeth were getting really yellow.C. Because he could not afford to buy cigarettes any more.D. Because he was troubled with some health problems.13. A. Hanging out with people who don’t smoke.B. Going out for a cigarette after working hard.C. Riding his bicycle and enjoy the fresh air.D. Saving money each week for future use.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.14. A. The broken alarm system in the brain.B. The increasing demands of modern life.C. The signals the brain sends to the body.D. The suffering from serious health problems.15. A. Doing sports. B. Playing tai chi.C. Having yoghurt.D. Walking outdoors.16. A. Stress is a normal psychological and physical reaction to life.B. Relaxation techniques help maintaining health and well-being.C. High levels of stress may lead to serious health problems.D. Relaxation should be the first priority for all people.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Dr. Green’s AppointmentCaller: Ronald MorganPhone No: 17Appointed Time: 8:00 o’clock, 18 morningMedical concern: He fell from the 19 and broke his 20 . Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What does an advertising agency do for thecompany right now?The advertising agency 21 .What would the woman be responsible for if she took the job? Advertising, 22 and the design of leaflets and catalogs.What is the woman’s suggestion?Advertising 23 . What is the man’s comment on the woman’s It’s not 24 .suggestion?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Customer ServicePeople going shopping in America can expect to be treated with respect from the very beginning. When customers get to the store, they are treated as hono red guests. Customers don’t usually find store clerks (25) ________ (sit) around watching TV or playing cards. Instead, the clerks greet them warmly and offer to help them find what they want. Customers usually don’t have to ask (26) ________ ________ items cost, since prices are clearly marked. And (27) ________ they are at a yard sale or flea market (跳蚤市场), they don’t bother trying to bargain.When customers are ready to check out, they find the nearest and shortest checkout lane. But as Murphy’s Law would have it, whichever lane they get in, all the other lanes will move (28) ________ (fast). Good stores open new checkout lanes when the lanes get too long. Some even offer express lanes for customers with 10 items or less. (29) ________ they pay for their purchases, customers receive a smile and a warm “thank you” from the clerk.In America, customer service continues long after the sale. Many products come with a money-back guarantee. So if there is a problem with the product, customers can take it back. The customer service representative will often allow them to exchange the item or return it (30) ________ a full refund.For many American customers, service is everything. If a person receives poor service from a store, he probably (31) ________ (avoid) shopping there in the future. On the other hand, customers often remain loyal to a business that has excellent service even if their prices are high. Customer service in America grows out of the belief that “the customer is always right.” That (32) ________ not always be true. But, as someone has said, the customer is always the customer.(B)Is A Game Just A Game?Are you addicted to computer games? Do you stay up all night playing them? There’s no doubt that the excitement of games these days makes them hard to put down.We are spoilt for choice when it comes to gaming: You can role play －creating your own characters and stories, giving you a chance to step out of everyday life into (33) ________ imaginary world. And there are shooting games (34) ________ you can let out your anger and frustration in violent situations where you kill people with guns.Some people think that (35) ________ (absorb) in virtual reality does great harm to us. So far, popular games like Grand Theft Auto (36) ________ (blame) for everything from falling results at school to causing acts of extreme violence. Others argue that gaming is a harmless form of entertainment. There is evidence (37) ________ playing video games could actually be good for us. Some games are educational. Studies have also shown that the skills (38) ________ (use) in playing games can cause growth in certain areas of the brain, the ability (39) ________ (think) in3D and even improve our eyesight. And for some, gaming is having a positive effect on their social lives with games like Halo and World of Warcraft often being played in groups. When you work as a group to win the game, your sense of achievement is higher than when winning by (40) ________.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. academicB. accompaniedC. conductD. contributedE. diagnosisF. dominanceG. emergence H. evolved I. focused J. impact K. relevantPsychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind and behavior. Research in psychology seeks to understand and explain how we think, act and feel. As most people already realize, a large part of psychology is devoted to the 41 and treatment of mental health issues, but that’s just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to a pplications for psychology. In addition to mental health, psychology can be applied to a variety of issues that 42 health and daily life including performance enhancement, self-help, motivation, productivity, and much more.Psychology 43 out of both philosophy and biology. Discussions of these two subjects date as far back as the early Greek thinkers including Aristotle and Socrates. The word psychology comes from the Greek word psyche, literally meaning “life” or “breath.” The 44 of psychology as a separate and independent field of study truly came about when Wilhelm Wundt established the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. Wundt’s work was 45 on describing the structures that compose the mind. Wundt believed that properly trained individuals would be able to identify accurately the mental processes that 46 feelings, sensations and thoughts.Throughout psychology’s history, some different schools of thought have formed to explain human thought and behavior. These schools of thought often rise to 47 for a period. While these schools of thought are sometimes considered as competing forces, each viewpoint has 48 to our understanding of psychology.Today, psychologists prefer to use more objective scientific methods to understand, explain, and predict human behavior. The discipline has two major areas of focus: 49 psychology and applied psychology. Educational psychology focuses on the study of different sub-topics within psychology including personality, social behavior, and human development. These psychologists 50 basic research that seeks to expand our theoretical knowledge while other researchers do applied research that attempts to solve everyday problems.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Feeling good about our actions —not guilt or pity—motivates giving, according to the latest research.51 seeing or hearing about suffering children makes most people uncomfortable, that grief is not what drives them to dig into their pockets and donate. The reasons people decide to be selfless, it turns out, may be slightly more 52 .In the study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers found that people are more likely to give when they think it will make them feel better. They donate, 53 , when they feel hope about putting smiles on those expectant and suffering faces. And that hope, orsimilar feel-good sensations, are driven by the brain’s reward systems.Researchers —and charities —have long known that putting a(n) 54 face on an abstract problem opens hearts and wallets. Josef Stalin once said that while one death is a(n) 55 , a million is merely a number. Studies have since found that quantifying the size of a disaster or particular need actually 56 giving, while presenting a single story is more likely to cause a desire to help.But it wasn’t clear whether this “identifiable victim” effect resulted from people’s 57 over their own privilege and resources — or from a sense of connection with the 58 and an urge to feel good about making a difference.To find out, researchers led by Alexander Genevsky, a graduate student in psychology at Stanford, imaged the brains of 22 young adults. In the scanner, they saw either a silhouette (剪影) or a head shot of a young African child. As in previous studies, participants were far more likely to give if they saw a face than a blank silhouette— donating almost twice as much in photo trials than in the others. However, this decision was related strongly to their 59 . If they showed little activity in their nucleus accumbens—a brain region linked to every type of pleasurable experience— they were actually less likely to give. But if there is a sharp 60 of activity in this reward area, they felt good and gave more. And the photos of the children were more likely to 61 this reward center. Activity in the accumbens, in fact, completely 62 the difference in giving seen between the silhouette-based requests and the photo-based ones.While the findings point to the feel-good 63 behind giving, other research will have to address the question of why givers get that positive emotional boost. Do people feel rewarded when they give because they think about the happiness of the recipient — or do they feel good because they see themselves as 64 and that self-esteem boost (自信心增强) is mood-enhancing? Such information could help charities 65 their messages to maximize their effectiveness.51. A. Since B. Although C. If D. As52. A. passive B. earnest C. impersonal D. selfish53. A. for example B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand54. A. plain B. ugly C. specific D. frightened55. A. accident B. threat C. solution D. tragedy56. A. ruins B. stimulates C. lowers D. skips57. A. anger B. guilt C. regret D. joy58. A. desire B. mind C. victim D. stuff59. A. actions B. beliefs C. images D. emotions60. A. edge B. rise C. turn D. division61. A. monitor B. target C. activate D. interrupt62. A. resulted from B. counted on C. accounted for D. subjected to63. A. motivations B. compliment s C. ambitions D. requests64. A. executive B. justified C. innocent D. generous65. A. conceal B. tailor C. obtain D. deleteSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Handwriting has existed for about 6,000 years. It’s one of our most important inventions. Without it, we wouldn’t be able to record knowledge or pass ideas from one generation to the next.Most of us know, but often forget, th at handwriting is not natural. It’s not like seeing or talking, which are what we are born with. In early America, only wealthy men and businessmen learned to write. A “good hand” became a sign of class and intelligence as well as morality. Most, meanwhile, signed legal documents with a mere ‘X’ and the presence of a witness. Writing only spread to the masses in the 19th century, after schools began teaching handwriting.67 — left-handed students often had their arm tied tightly to their bodies, so th ey’d learn to write with the “correct” hand. In more modern times, you may remember spending hours learning the correct stroke(笔画), formation and spacing of upper- and lower-case letters.But today, schools are shifting the focus to coursework in STEM –short for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. With limited hours and an increased pressure to meet higher standards, teachers are emphasizing technology and tablets and less of the written word.Technology has threatened writing long before every man, woman and child carried a phone.It came with the invention of the typewriter, which standardized written communication, and that same argument will reappear as technology advances.I don’t know if handwriting will ever die. But today, the growin g emphasis on typing is having far-reaching effects. To get a glimpse of the future, just look at the youth. Instead of curly Qs or crazy Ls, kids are using emoticons such as ☺ or ☹ to give a personal touch.Typing is more democratic, too —it isn’t a com plicated skill to master. Keyboards are changing the physical connection between writers and text, and people who can’t write by hand, like the blind, can now use tools to communicate only by touch.I suppose it’s easy to grieve over the passing of one era (年代) into another. Sure, I’ll miss the writing of letters, and the beautiful and well-practiced signature written with a pen. And while some pathways in our brains will weaken with the decline of handwriting, we’ll develop new ones as we swipe (滑动) and double-click our way into the future.66. Before the 19th century in America, _____________.A. only intelligent people could learn handwriting in schoolsB. legal documents were signed with the presence of a witnessC. most of the people didn’t even know ho w to write their namesD. people would spend hours learning how to write every day67. Which of the following sentences can best fit in the blank in the third paragraph?A. Writing was a means of human communicationB. Writing has always been serious businessC. Schools tried different ways to force students to writeD. Young people worked hard to improve handwriting68. We can learn from the passage that ______________.A. the invention of cellphones started the decline of handwritingB. handwriting will disappear because young people write poorlyC. typing makes it possible for blind people to communicateD. typing is comparatively easy to learn, even for the disabled69. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?A. The era of handwriting is leaving and that of typing is coming.B. Letters and signatures are gradually disappearing for sure.C. The decline of writing has drawn much attention from the public.D. Our brains will weaken with the decline of handwriting.(B)Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.Need inspiration?Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewardedwith some pretty special views.History lovers?Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listenout for the One o’clo ck Gun –it fires every day except Sunday. At oneo'clock. Obviously.Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincideFeeling hungry?A satisfying dinner:With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews.A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to matchwith real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies (威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu.Shopping centrePrinces Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retaillandmark in the shape of Jenners department store.Harvey Nichols: A byword (代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack.Edinburgh– the fourth most beautiful city in the worldGucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you fromyour cash.Hidden EdinburghEdinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground.Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted…70. Where can visitors enjoy a full view of the city in Edinburgh?A. Scott Monument.B. Edinburgh Castle.C. Timberyard.D. The Real Mary King’s Close.71. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ___________.A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shoppingB. Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensiveC. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey NicholsD. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols72. The underlined word“edible” is closest in meaning to _____________.A. beautifulB. eatableC. visibleD. delicate73. This page is most likely to be found at ___________.A. /en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburghB. https:///en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburghC. https:///our-destinations/edinburgh-overviewD. /discover/about-the-castle(C)Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romy van der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations.The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insightinto the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important “talent programme” of NWO, the Veni grant. “Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,” says Naomi Ellemers.Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). “If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded fundin g, we see a loss of 4%,” said Ellemers.The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. “Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,” says Romy van der Lee.In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: “As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.”In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, “The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.”74. Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether ____________.A. women are less successful than men in top academic positionsB. female applicants are at a disadvantage in getting research fundingC. NOW’s procedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair playD. there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university75. Van der Lee and Ellemers’ study shows that _____________.A. grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universitiesB. men applicants for research funding outnumbered women applicantsC. the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of menD. the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates76. What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations?A. The words used in the instructions and forms.B. The reviewers’ pr eference to applications.C. The methods and procedures for evaluation.D. The vague and unclear assessment criteria.77. What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research?A. Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates.B. Design a language examination for all the reviewers.C. Emphasize the importance of gender awareness.D. Improve the assessment procedures and criteria.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Being a small business brings advantages the big ones can only dream of. Michael Heppell, author of the latest edition of “5 Star Service”, a book on customer service, has interesting take on this development. “I’m of ten amazed that smaller businesses think that the secret of success is to be more like the big ones, when in fact the opposite is true,” he said.He pointed to the very different stories of two fishmongers (鱼贩) in his home town. Having served customers －including Heppell －for many years, the two were joined by a Tesco Extra, Waitrose and Marks & Spencer.The first fishmonger began to complain about these newly-arrived chains to the local press, and even his customers. He pointed out that he couldn’t compe te with them on price and finally closed down.“Fishmonger two was different,” explained Heppell. “She worked hard to create a local brand and local loyalty. She would love to tell you about the fish, when and where it was caught and offer some little extras if you spent a few pounds more. She must have felt the effects of the three new arrivals in town but she didn’t complain once. She survived, and of course, since her competitor closed she’s never been busier.”Small businesses that want to grow should stop trying to imitate the big names, advised Heppell. “Find out what they don’t do that you can, and what you do that they can’t. The secret is by providing brilliant levels of service,” he went on to say.They should also start thinking about speed, believes Heppell, and realize that this can differentiate them from larger competitors. “Smaller businesses can often change faster, adapt more easily and manage trends more quickly than the big boys. However, looking at many smaller businesses the opposite app ears to be true. What can you do to get a first mover advantage?”Too often smaller business leaders feel that they have to offer whatever the larger players are offering. They believe that having a narrower range is a disadvantage, but they need to realize that it actually offers them a competitive edge. The mindset of many smaller business owners must change. They need to focus on how to improve their own businesses and what their customers really want. “Because we’re small we can offer x, y and z. It’s because we’re local that we excel at a, b and c,” should be the message, said Heppell.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. The first fishmonger complained about the newly-arrived chains because he thought __________.79. The second fishmonger survived because she managed to _____________.80. What are the two advantages that smaller businesses can have according to Heppell?81. According to the passage, instead of trying to imitate the big names, smaller business owners should __________.第II卷（共47分）。

杨浦区2015学年度第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷2016. 4 本试卷分为第I卷（第1-13页）和第II卷（第14页）两部分。

全卷共14页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。

2. 第I卷（1-16小题，41---77小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第17-40小题，78-81小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a restaurant. B. At a bank.  C. At a gym. D. At a supermarket. 2. A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Headmaster and chemistry teacher. C. Doctor and patient. D. Receptionist and hotel guest. 3. A. The man can find his talent by himself. B. It‟s impossible to find one‟s hidden talent.C. The book won‟t be as good as it is introduced.D. It‟s ridiculous to judge a person by his talent. 4. A. He hasn‟t paid the money.B. He arrived late at the airport. C. There was a strike at the airport. D. He felt it a shame to travel alone. 5. A. Both of them were late for school two weeks ago. B. The man stayed up studying until the next morning. C. The man broke up with the woman several days ago. D. Their schedule was so tight that they studied in the morning. 6. A. The boy‟s homework is not as much as he describes.B. The boy should start doing homework rather than complain. C. The boy should have finished some homework at school. D. The boy should complain to his teacher about too much homework. 7. A. Jack‟s father is a baseball fan.B. It‟s winter in New Zealand.C. The match will be held in England. D. The man wishes he could play baseball. 8. A. They divorced 20 years ago. B. They often argue about where to live. C. They‟re used to the character of the partner.D. They feel regretful for the arguments made during marriage. 9. A. 600. B. 1200. C.1800. D. 2400. 10. 10. A. The correct way to wash a sweater. A. The correct way to wash a sweater. B. The maintenance of a machine. C. The effect of cycling on cold weather. D. The special way to identify woolen products. Lakeview campsite information Open season: Facilities: Things not provided: Pets: Swimming pool: Website: Telephone: May -- September _____17_____caravans (房车) sleeping bags and pillows must be kept under_____18_____ No _____19_____ on duty (9:00am -- 8:30pm) . _____20_____ What is Alan doing? He is _____21_____ the rubbish. What does Clive recycle? He recycles all his _____22_____. What does Mark recycle? He recycles his _____23_____. Why do so many people recycle things? Because people of all ages are trying their best to _____24_____. blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Data suggests the majority of women who smoke (25) ______(try) to quit if they it up after they‟ve given find out they‟re pregnant, but it‟s unclear whether they keep birth. A new study adds to the evidence, (26) ______(show) that nearly half of women who kick the habit while pregnant will become smokers once again. Addiction, looked at The new report, (27) ______(publish) Tuesday in the journal 27 different trials that attempted to help pregnant women quit smoking. The (28) ______ these women stayed non-smokers six at (28) ______ researchers took a closer look at months after giving birth. They found that among the women who were offered some sort of smoking cessation intervention（停止干预）, 13% were able to quit sometime during the pregnancy and remain abstinent（节制的）when they delivered. The other 87% of women either tried to quit and were not able to do so, (29) ______ they did not attempt to kick the habit. Of (30) ______ 13% that did quit, the researchers found that 43% started smoking again by six months. A. maximum B. cure C. suspected D. target E. contain F. alarming G. fertile H. carry I. breeding J. tricky K. supportedWorld World Health Health Health Organization Organization Organization (WHO) (WHO) (WHO) Director Director Director General General General Margaret Margaret Margaret Chan Chan Chan said said said on on Tuesday Tuesday Brazil Brazil Brazil is is is doing doing doing a a a good good good job job job tackling tackling tackling the the the Zika Zika Zika virus virus virus and and and ensuring ensuring ensuring that that that the the Olympic games it will host in August will be safe for athletes and visitors. Chan said Brazil's government is doing all it can to mobilize Brazilian society in fighting the Aedes mosquitoes that __41__ the virus that has spread rapidly through the Americas since last year. "I "I want want want to to to reassure reassure reassure you you you that that that the the the government government government is is is working working working very very very closely closely closely with with with the the international Olympic movement, with the local organizing committee, __42__ by the WHO, to make sure we have a very good work plan to __43__ the mosquito, and to make sure that people who will come here either as visitors or athletes will get get the the __44__ protection they need," Chan said. The virus has been linked in Brazil to a(n) __45__ increase in the birth of babies with with abnormally abnormally abnormally small small small heads, heads, heads, a a a condition condition condition known known known as as as microcephaly. microcephaly. microcephaly. Brazil's Brazil's Brazil's Health Health Ministry said said on on on Tuesday Tuesday that that the the the number number number of of of confirmed confirmed and and __46__ __46__ __46__ cases cases cases of of microcephaly has risen to 4,690 from 4,443 a week earlier. Brazilian authorities are taking action to __47__ the outbreak which threatens to keep visitors from attending the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro five months from now. With no __48__ or vaccine (疫苗） for Zika, the only way to deal with the virus at present is to reduce the population of the Aedes mosquito. She praised Rousseff's leadership in organizing the whole of Brazilian society in a campaign to destroy the mosquito's __49__ places in urban areas and in cooperating with with other other other countries countries countries in in in the the the research research research and and and development development development of of of diagnostic diagnostic diagnostic tools tools tools and and and a a vaccine. "The Zika virus is very __50__. We should expect this to be a long journey," she said. "Based on what I have seen here, I can tell you: the mosquito is difficult, but it cannot beat Brazil," Chan said. There There are are are many many many things things things parents parents parents can can can do do do to to to help help help children children children with with with autism autism autism ((自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child: · Be consistent （一致的）. Children with with autism autism autism have have have a a a hard hard hard time time time __52__ __52__ __52__ what what they‟ve learned i f there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign sign language language language at at at school school school to to to communicate, communicate, communicate, but but but never never never think think think to to to do do do so so so at at at home. home. Creating __53__ in your child‟s environment is the best way to reinforce learning. Find Find out out out what what what your your your child‟s therapists are doing child‟s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home. Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in more than one place in order order to to to encourage encourage encourage your your your child child child to to to __55__ __55__ __55__ what what what he he he or or or she she she has has has learned learned learned from from from one one environment to another. It‟s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors. · __57__ a schedule. Children Children with with with autism autism autism tend tend tend to to to do do do best best best when when when they they they have have have a a highly-structured highly-structured schedule schedule schedule or or or routine. routine. routine. Again, Again, Again, this this this goes goes goes back back back to to to the the the consistency consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. __59__. If If If there there there is is is an an an unavoidable unavoidable unavoidable schedule schedule schedule change, change, change, prepare prepare prepare your your your child child child for for for it it __60__. · __61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropriately or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they‟re being praised for. · Pay attention to your child’s sensory sensitivities. Many Many children with children with autism are are hypersensitive hypersensitive hypersensitive to to to light, light, light, sound, sound, sound, touch, touch, touch, taste, taste, taste, and and and smell. smell. smell. Other Other Other children children children with with autism autism are are are “under “under “under--sensitive” sensitive” to to to senso senso sensory ry ry stimuli. stimuli. stimuli. __63__ __63__ __63__ what what what sights, sights, sights, sounds, sounds, smells and movements cause cause your kid‟s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what your kid‟s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings brings about about about a(n) a(n) a(n) __64__ __64__ __64__ response. response. response. If If If you you you understand understand understand what what what affects affects affects your your your child, child, you‟ll be better at solving problems, preventing situations t hat cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences. 51. 51. A. encouraged A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved 56. 56. A. meet A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate 57. 57. A. A. Draw up B. Arrange for C. Work out D. Stick to 58. 58. A. regular A. regular B. flexible C. appropriate D. normal 59. 59. A. decrease A. decrease B. mystery C. minimum D. secret 60. 60. A. without doubt A. without doubt B. in private C. without notice D. in advance 61. 61. A. A. ControlB. PerformC. RewardD. Maintain 62. 62. A.curious A.curious B. specific C. particular D. anxious 63. 63. A. Figure out A. Figure out B. Account for C. Put up D. Take on 64. 64. A. automatic A. automatic B. immediate C. positive D. quick 65. 65. A. frustrating A. frustrating B. successful C. professionalD. unpleasant Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)It‟s fight night in Berlin club. The lights go down, the door opens and out walks a salesman from San Francisco. David “Double D” Depto has travelled 8,000 kilometres in search of glory. As he first walks, then jogs, towards the boxing ring, the muscular, bare-chested American looks cool and confident. But so does his opponent. Waiting for him in the blue corner is Frank Stoldt, a tall, strong German policeman, who calls himself “Anti -Terror Frank ”. For obvious reasons, the crowd is on h is side. The The bell bell bell rings. rings. rings. Round Round Round one! one! one! The The The fighters fighters fighters come come come out. out. out. But But But then, then, then, something something something rather rather strange happens. The two players sit down at a table which has a chessboard on it and start playing chess – in the middle of the boxing ring. “Why?” you may ask yoursel f. Well, this is chessboxing, and tonight is the final of the first chessboxing World Championship. The The rules rules rules of of of a a a chessboxing chessboxing chessboxing match match match are are are simple. simple. simple. There There There is is is one one one round round round of of of chess chess chess and and then one round of boxing. Punching power alternates with brain power. All in all, you have 11 rounds in which to checkmate your opponent – or knock him out. Two sports in one means double the pain, and double the pressure. Before this big fight, Frank spent hours doing exercises that prepared his mind as well as his muscles. Winners in in chessboxing chessboxing chessboxing are are are people people people whose whose whose mental mental mental strength strength strength equals equals equals their their their physical physical strength. The referee stops the match, the crowd erupts(B)Hot Air Balloon Sydney For 2, Weekend FlightINCLUDES FULL GOURMET BREAKF A ST· Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 (there will be others in the balloon basket with you) · NOTHING MORE TO PAY ON THE DAY! YOUR FULL GOURMETBREAKFAST IS INCLUDED IN THE PRICE· Travel with the Tourism Award winners with over 20 years of experience · Float over beautiful Hawkesbury Valley ·Colour flight certificate Experience Experience the the the wonder wonder wonder of of of a a a Hot Hot Hot Air Air Air Balloon Balloon Balloon Flight Flight Flight for for for 2 2 people. Rising people. Rising before before dawn, you can join the crew in unpacking and preparing the balloon for flight - - which is which is a spectacle in itself! After an exciting launch, you'll drift with the wind silently over the parklands, homes and hills of the Hawkesbury region of Sydney. Hot Air Ballooning begins in the cool, still hours of the early morning, when the the air air is is more more stable. The launch site, determined determined by by by the the the weather weather weather on on on the the the morning, morning, morning, will will will be be be in in in or or around the the beautiful beautiful Hawkesbury Valley. The The adventure adventure begins begins by by by inflating inflating （使…充气）充气） the the balloon balloon balloon using using using a a a giant giant portable fan. Once the balloon starts to take shape the burner is lit, heating the air inside. The hot air inside is lighter than the cool air outside and this is what creates the lift and why it is called a Hot Air Balloon. Passengers are welcome to assist the the pilot pilot pilot and and and crew crew crew with with with inflating inflating inflating the the the hot hot hot air air air balloon balloon balloon at at at the the launch site, which only takes about 20 minutes. The The Hot Hot Hot Air Air Air Balloon Balloon Balloon Flight Flight Flight for for for 2 2 2 is is is both both both picturesque picturesque picturesque and and peaceful. peaceful. You You hear hear very very very little little little sound sound sound from from from the the the awakening awakening world below. The silence is only broken with blasts from the propane burner heating the air in your balloon to keep you cruising across the skies. Watch Watch as as as the the the sun sun sun bursts bursts bursts from from from the the the horizon horizon horizon and and and paints paints paints the the the sky sky sky pink pink pink in in in a a a spectacular spectacular morning sunrise. To top off the morning you'll celebrate with a full gourmet breakfast. This adventure is for 2 people. There will be other people in the balloon basket with you.Hot Air Balloon flights take place at sunrise. The exact time of your Hot Air Balloon flight experience will vary based upon the time of year and will be sent to you upon booking. Item: HO12955TALocation: WindsorSydney Our Price:$299(per person for70. 70. The price $299 includes ______. The price $299 includes ______. A.full gourmet breakfast B. two persons‟ Hot Air Balloon FlightC. tips for the Tourism Award winners D. the accident insurance of the participants 71. 71. Why does Hot Air Ballooning begin before dawn? Why does Hot Air Ballooning begin before dawn? A. Tourists needn‟t queue for the flight.B. The air at that time is cooler and more stable. C. Tourists can see the spectacular sunrise in the sky. D. Travelers have to start the adventure with their stomach empty. 72. 72. Which of the following is the correct order of the Hot Air Balloon Flight? Which of the following is the correct order of the Hot Air Balloon Flight? ① Inflate the balloon ② Heat the air inside ③ Drift over the Hawkesbury region ④ The balloon rises into the sky ⑤ Light the burner A. ⑤②④①③⑤②④①③B. ②⑤①④③②⑤①④③C. ①④⑤②③①④⑤②③D. ①⑤②④③①⑤②④③ 73. Which of the following statement is TRUE ？A. The people in the basket are all tourists. B. The burner is off after the balloon is launched. C. The balloon is launched at the fixed time and place. D. Those who have experienced the flight can get a certificate. (C) It It has has has been been been called called called …the …the hotel hotel of of of mum mum mum and and and dad‟ dad‟ but but few few few guesthouses guesthouses guesthouses have have have such such mean that some children understandably have to wait before flying the nest. And, for A. getting a well-paid and promising job B. being permitted to buy his own house C. having time and money to have a holiday D. moving away from parents‟ home as an adult 76. 76. Which of the following statements is Which of the following statements is FALSE ？A. 25% of the tenants can save more than £100 each month. B. Most parents complain about running “the hotel of mum and dad”.C. The proportions of adults living at home are different around the country. D. Children who pay nothing towards their keep may contribute in other ways. 77. Which of the following is NOTAngus Hanton‟s opinion?A. The older generations are to blame for the housing crisis. B. Young workers without permanent jobs feel inferior to others. C. The mortgage rules are designed to the advantage of the young. D. Young people‟s income declined because of the economic depression. Section CDirections: Read Read the the the passage passage passage carefully. carefully. carefully. Then Then Then answer answer answer the the the questions questions questions or or or complete complete complete the the statements in the fewest possible words. When did Christopher Columbus first sail to the Americas? Everyone can answer that that question: question: question: 1492. 1492. 1492. When When When did did did the the the industrial industrial industrial revolution revolution revolution begin? begin? begin? Not Not Not everyone everyone everyone can can answer answer that that that –– and and even even even those those those who who who can can can might might might give give give different different different answers. answers. answers. When When When writing writing your your research research research paper, paper, paper, you you you must must must know know know when when when to to to tell tell tell your your your readers readers readers where where where you you you got got got your your information, and when you can assume they know and accept your information. The information you include in your research paper must be properly documented. That is, you need to identify where you found the information in your paper. By citing （引用）the sources of all ideas, statements, and quotations that you used, you allow your readers to judge the validity （正确性、有效性）of the information. For example, information quoted from a respected historical journal will carry more weight than a statement quoted from a TV dramatization. By citing your sources properly, you acknowledge those people whose ideas you are are using. using. using. Since Since Since they they they developed developed developed the the the facts, facts, facts, opinions, opinions, opinions, and and and analyses analyses analyses that that that you you you have have borrowed, they deserve a mention in your work. In addition, by citing your sources properly, you avoid plagiarism （剽窃）（剽窃） – the presentation of someone else‟s ideas or statements as your own. You should cite your source whether you use the information word for word or you paraphrase it. While you want to credit others for their work, you don‟t have to cite the source of of common common common knowledge. knowledge. knowledge. Examples Examples Examples of of of common common common knowledge knowledge knowledge include include include widely widely widely accepted accepted facts, such as that the Andes are in South America or that the Magna Carta was signed in 1215. Widely known proverbs, famous quotations, and simple definitions are also common knowledge. (Note: (Note: Answer Answer Answer the the the questions questions questions or or or complete complete complete the the the statements statements statements in in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS ) 78. 78. Why Why Why do do do few few few writers writers writers cite cite cite the the the source source source of of of the the the information information information that that that Columbus Columbus Columbus first first sailed to the Americas in 1492? _________________________________________________________________ 79. 79. Proper Proper citation of information sources makes it possible for readers _________________________________________________________________ 80. 80. If a writer uses others‟ ideas, he should cite his sources to __________________.If a writer uses others‟ ideas, he should cite his sources to __________________.81. 81. What What What may may may happen happen happen to to to the the the writer writer writer if if if he he he doesn‟t doesn‟t doesn‟t cite cite cite the the the source source source of of of information?information?_________________________________________________________________. 第II 卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 当你独自在外时，记得让手机保持开机状态。

2016年上海普陀区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法与词汇（共两节，满分26分）第一节、语法填空（共16小题，每题1分，满分16分）1、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第25~32题AWilliam H. Gates, 40, is chairman and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation, the leading provider of software for personal computers worldwide. With net revenues （税收）of $5.94 billion for the fiscal year（财政年） ending in June 1995, Microsoft employs more than 18,000 people in 48 countries.Gates began his career in personal computer software1he started programming at age 13 while a student at the Lakeside school. In 1974,2an undergraduate at Harvard University, he developed BASIC for the first microcomputer, the MITS Altair,3started the era of hobbyistcomputing.4（lead） by the belief that the personal computer would eventually be a valuable tool on every office desktop and in every home, Gates formed Microsoft with Paul Alien in 19755（develop） software for personal computers.Gates' early foresight about personal computing and his continuing vision have been central to Microsoft and the software industry. Gates is actively6（involve） in significant operating and strategic decisions at development and management of the company. A significant portion of his day is also devoted to7（meet） with customers and staying in contact with Microsoft's employees around the world through e-mail. Gates is married and lives in Bellevue, Washington. Gates is interested in biotechnology and sits on the boards of Darwin Molecular and the Icos Corporation. He is an avid（渴望的）reader and enjoys playing golf and bridge.8technology, the company wants to make it easier and more enjoyable for people to use software. The company is committed to the long term by investing in new technology, state-of-the-art projects and new products for the further expansion of personal computing.2、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第33~40题BCigarette smoking kills. That we know. So, manufactures made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice — safer than tobacco.E-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes. But they do not use tobacco. And you do not light1. They are powered by battery.So, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why have poison control centers around the United States seen an increase2telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings? The answer is children.Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices. In the period of one month this year, the United States Centers for Disease Control say 215 people called the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were forchildren3（age）five and younger. The devices apparently had made them sick.Tim McAfee is director of the CDC's Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation, meaning the U.S. Federal government does not control e-cigarettes4they contain liquid nicotine.Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger."Nicotine historically has been used as a pesticide in the United States. And that's where we have really had for many, many decades significant poisonings when people got exposed to nicotine that was in liquid solutions."Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens5the substance gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. Even a small amount, hesays,6make a person sick. Nicotine poisoning can cause stomach pain or a sense of imbalance. Headaches and seizures（突发疾病）are also common sighs of nicotine poisoning. And too much nicotine can kill.Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people as tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500,000 Americans die each year from cigarettes."So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest. And we don't really know what's going to happen with e-cigarettes."E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals7are found in real cigarettes. So, the U.S. Surgeon General has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults8（try）to end their tobacco use, or quit.But McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted, or hooked, on the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that for young people fake（假装）e-cigarettes could be a "gateway" to the real thing.第二节、选词填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）3、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第41~50题We're waiting to take trips to outer space. When will it happen? According to individuals in the growing field of space tourism, it may be in five or fifty years.Space Adventures is taking reservations for the flights,1to the first manned spaceflights. The trip will cost $90,000, with a ＄6,0002required. More than 200 people have made reservations, said Sarah, Dalton, the company spokeswoman.John Spencer of the Space Tourism Society says that a morerealistic3for regular space travel is 50 years. Issues of expense, difficulty, and danger must still be resolved. Oh yes – a reusable vehicle must also be invented. He adds, however, that ten years from now, a4number of people may be able to visit a space station. He says he expects a fleet of private space vehicles or "space yachts" （游艇） to bein5in 20 to 25 years. They will do what he calls "orbital super yachting." After that, there will be cruise lines, like those that travel the Earth's oceans, as well as space hotels and resorts.There have been only a few studies to determine the public's interest in space tourism, but they all conclude that a6of people would like to visit space and would be willing to pay good money for it.According to expert Patrick Collins, between 5 million and 20 million people will head for space by 2030. He also7100 flights a day leaving Earth. It wouldbe8to have more than 100 hotels in Earth's orbit（轨道）, a few more orbiting the moon, and a few on the moon's surface. These hotelswould9more than 100,000 people, who would work month-long shifts. Each hotel would have a service station. Such service stations would provide oxygen, water, and hydrogen. They might also ship10safe electric power back to Earth.If all the issues can be resolved, Collins says that space tourism could one day become a $1 trillion.A. predictsB. operationC. employD. limitedE. majorityF. environmentallyG. depositH. similarI. dreamsJ. necessaryK. estimate二、阅读（共三节，满分47分）第一节、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）4、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第51~65题The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from a different kind of poverty — of thespirit.1, one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides（自杀）every year by children under 15, and one child2five needs psychiatric（心理）advice.There are many good things about3in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between4and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work inoffices.5, the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working6and often shares in that work.A child7in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies — rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets8playing with dolls.These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the western children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world,9, are provided with a watch as one of the10signs of growing up, so that theycan11along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.Third World children do not usually12to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments（公寓）. Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak tostrangers", there is often a sense of13to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them14from ten floors up.15, twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all bad.A. As usualB. For instanceC. In factD. In other wordsA. byB. inC. toD. underA. childhoodB. povertyC. spiritD. survivalA. adultsB. fathersC. neighboursD. relativesA. AnyhowB. HoweverC. InsteadD. StillA. awayB. aloneC. alongD. nearbyA. growing upB. living throughC. playingD. workingA. andB. butC. orD. soA. at any momentB. at the same timeC. on the other handD. on the wholeA. easiestB. earliestC. happiestD. quickestA. careB. fearC. hurryD. worryA. dareB. expectC. haveD. requireA. controlB. dangerC. disappointmentD. freedomA. anxiouslyB. eagerlyC. impatientlyD. proudlyA. Above allB. In the endC. Of courseD. What's第二节、阅读理解（共12小题，每题2分，满分24分）5、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第66~69题AWest End theatre is a popular term for mainstream professional theatre in London, or sometimes more specifically for shows staged in the large theatres of London's "Theatreland" . Along with New York's Broadway Theatre, West End theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of theatre in the English speaking world. Seeing a West End show is a common tourist activity in London.Total attendances broke the 12 million in 2002, and in May and June 2005. The Times reported that this record might be broken in 2005. Factors behind high ticket sales in the first half of 2005 included new hit musicals such as Billy Elliot, the Producers and Mary Poppins and the high number of film stars appearing. Since the late 1990s there has been an increase in the number of American actors on the London stage.London's main theatre district is located in the heart of the West End of the city centre. Renowned theatre streets include Drury Lane, Shaftesbury Avenue, and the Strand. This area contains approximately forty large theatres and is often referred to Theatreland. The works staged are mainly musicals, classic or plays, and comedy performances.Most of the theaters in "Theatreland" are late Victorian of Edwardian, and they are privately owned. Most of them have their own characteristics with a splendid past. On the other hand, present audience will find them not comfortable as the leg room of the seat is often cramped（people were smaller a hundred years ago） and audience facilities such as bars and restrooms are often much smaller than those in modern theatres. The protected status of the buildings and their confined urban locations, combined with financial limit, mean that it is very difficult to make through improvements to the level of comfort offered. In 2004, it was estimated that an investment of ￡250 million was required for modernization, and the theatre owners failed to request a lower tax to help them meet the costs.(1) Which of the following statement does not describe West End theatre right?A. West End theatre refers to the professional theatre in London.B. West End theatre is one of the famous theatres in London.C. West End theatre also refers to the plays in the theatreland in London.D. Seeing West End theatre show is a must for tourists to London.(2) What might not be the reason for the increasing ticket sale?A. West End theatre often stages best musicals.B. West End theatre has attracted quite a number of film stars.C. Theatreland is located in the heart of the West End.D. The facilities of traditional theatres have been improved.(3) What is the word cramped in the last paragraph mean?A. LimitedB. SmallC. ComfortableD. Spacious(4) Which can you not infer from the passage?A. Broadway theatre also reflects the high level of theatre in the English-speaking world.B. West End theatre came into existence around 100 years ago.C. West End theatre used to belong to Queen Victoria and King Edward.D. The theatre owners did not succeed in persuading government to reduce their tax to rebuild the theatres.6、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第70~74题BVancouver（温哥华）Natural ResourcesAs a major centre for the global forestry industry, Vancouver is host to many international forestry conferences and events, and the natural home of the massive BC forestry business. Companies such as Canfor and West Fraser Timber Co., the second and third largest lumber（木材）producers in the world, are headquartered in Vancouver. Vancouver is also a major centre for the mining industry.International tradeInternational trade is a key part for Vancouver's economy. The city has Canada's largest port and is one of North America's major gateways for Pan-Pacific（泛太平洋）trade. The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports and second on the West Coast in total goods volume. Banking and FinancialThe headquarters for HSBC Canada （汇丰银行）is located in the Financial District in downtown. Canada's third largest commercial entity （实体）, Jim Pattison Group is also based in Vancouver. International relationVancouver is a major centre for diplomacy （外交） and foreign relations. Most countries of the world have consulate（领事馆）or general offices in the Central Business District. In fact, many major diplomatic conferences are hosted by the city - including the world famous G7 summit with President Clinton, APEC, and the World Trade Organization. Greenpeace has its world headquarters in the city.Therefore, Vancouver was among the first North American cities to declare itself a Nuclear Weapons Free Zone.TourismTourism is a leading industry to Vancouver. The Whistler-Blackcomb Resort is among the most popular skiing resorts in North America, and will be the site of the downhill events of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Vancouver's beaches, parks, waterfronts, and mountain backdrops and its multi- cultural character attract more and more tourists.FilmVancouver was the source of the sobriquet（绰号）"Hollywood North", for hosting the production of about ten percent of Hollywood's movies. Many U.S. television and films series are shot exclusively in Vancouver. This has partly been because of the favourable Canadian dollar exchange rate.(1) Which of the following description about Vancouver is NOT true according to the passage?A. The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports.B. Vancouver is a film production centre and called “Hollywood North".C. International forestry conferences and events were held in Vancouver.D. Vancouver is a leading centre for the global agriculture and industry.(2) Which of the following organizations or events is not related to Vancouver?A. Jim Pattison GroupB. WHOC. GreenpeaceD. The 2010 Winter Olympics(3) If you are a graduate from Shanghai Finance and Economics University, what is it that will probably attract you to visit Vancouver?A. Its international trade.B. Its film industry.C. HSBC Canada.D. Its beautiful natural scenery.(4) We can infer from the part: International relation.A. Vancouver is a major centre for foreign relations.B. Vancouver has hosted many major diplomatic conferences.C. APEC and WTO are headquartered in Vancouver.D. Canada is a peace-loving country.7、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第74~77题CJogging has become the most popular individual sport in America. Many theories, even some mystical（神秘的）ones, have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick and efficient way to maintain （or achieve）physical fitness.The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory（循环的）systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. One can train more specifically, as by developing strength for weight lifting or the ability to run straight ahead for short distances with great power as in football, but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth doing that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease, the number one cause of death in America.Only one sort of equipment is needed – a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in tennis or gym shoes. Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make a pair of excellent running shoes indispensable（不可缺少的）if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible, with as little chance of injury as possible. A pair of good running shoes will have soft pads for absorbing shock, as well as slightly built-up heels and full heel cups（后跟垫）that will give the knee and ankle more stability. A wise investment in good shoes will prevent blisters （水泡）and the foot, ankle and knee injuries and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces. No other special equipment is needed; you can jog in any clothing you desire, even your street clothes.Many joggers wear expensive, flashy（华丽的）warm –up suits, but just as many wear a simple pair of gym shoes and T-shirt; in fact, many people just jog in last year's clothes. In cold weather, several layers of clothing are better than one heavy sweater or coat. If joggers are wearing several layers of clothing, they can add or subtract layers as conditions change.It takes surprisingly little time to develop the ability to run. The American Jogging Association has a twelve – week program designed to move from a fifteen-minute walk （which almost anyone can manage who is in reasonable health） to a thirty-minute run. A measure of common sense, a physical examination, and a planned schedule are all it takes.(1) They main purpose of this passage is to.A. discuss jogging as a physical fitness programB. describe the type of clothing needed for joggingC. provide scientific evidence of the benefits of joggingD. launch a nationwide physical fitness campaign(2) The most effective kind of exercise should be the one that.A. trains the body for weight liftingB. enables a person to run straight aheadC. is both beneficial and inexpensiveD. develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems(3) We can conclude from this passage that.A. jogging makes heart disease no longer an American problemB. jogging can be harmful if the runner is not properly preparedC. warm-up suits are preferable to gym shoes and T-shirtsD. jogging is bad for the ankles and knees(4) What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. For beginning joggers，tennis or gym shoes are better choices.B. A pair of good running shoes is necessary for a runner to develop quickly.C. A pair of good running shoes with a full heel-cup is designed to prevent shock.D. Comfortable pads will give the knees and ankles more stability.第三节、阅读表达（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）8、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第78~81题Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before．But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure．That's why a new study of French workers is welcome news.Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue（疲劳）in people after they got tired while they were still employed.The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement．The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work．The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions（养老金）that French workers enjoy．Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries."The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important," Westerlund says． "We don't know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement．But no matter what the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won't see the improvements we did."However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees' health after they leave their jobs－with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work．（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.）(1) According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like.(2) Westerlund's group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both.(3) What does the word "improvements" in paragraph 5 refer to?(4) Retirement may make people happier with.三、翻译（共5小题，满分22分）9、【来源】 2016年上海普陀区高三二模第82~86题Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 商店里的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。

闵行区2015学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试 英语试卷 考生注意： 1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a post office. B. At a garage. C. At a newspaper office. D. At a publishing house. 2. A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. D. $100. 3. A. She’s unwilling to do it. B. She is afraid of donating blood. C. Donating blood is none of her business. D. She’s ready to donate blood. 4. A. A shop assistant. B. A dentist. C. An electrician. D. A bank clerk. 5. A. Boring. B. Horrible. C. Moving. D. Sad. 6. A. Lending money to a student. B. Working in the office. C. Reading a student ’s application. D. Asking for some financial aid. 7. A. The invention of the steam engine. B. The application of the steam engine. C. The history textbook. D. Watt ’s life. 8. A. He has not adjusted to the new culture. B. He has been studying hard at night. C. He finds biology difficult to learn. D. He is not accustomed to the time in a different zone. 9. A. She thinks that Bill Gates is a successful person not just because he is rich. B. She believes that it ’s impossible for Bill Gates to be rich and kind as well.…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………C. She doesn’t want to be a person like Bill Gates.D. She regards wealth as the most important part in Bill Gate’s success.10. A. Mark made some trouble with Bobby.B. Bobby was a trouble-maker at school.C. Mr. Allen was Bobby’s class teacher.D. Mark was Bobby’s elder brother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Acceptable. B. Unsatisfactory.C. Tolerable.D. Adequate.12. A. One semester. B. 20 days.C. Three months.D. Nine weeks.13. A. Enlarging the space and extending the evening hours.B. Increasing the teaching staff and lengthening the operation hours.C. Cutting on waiting time and increasing work efficiency.D. Enlarging children’s play area and offering parents flexible pick-up time.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To invite authors to guide readers. B. To involve people in community service.C. To encourage people to read and share.D. To promote the friendship between cities.15. A. Because they came from many different backgrounds.B. Because they were too busy to read a book.C. Because they had little interest in reading.D. Because they lacked support from the local government.16. A. The careful selection of a proper book.B. The number of people who benefit from the process.C. The growing popularity of the writers.D. The number of books that each person reads.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old days. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for fifty years, (25)________ (wheel) to the Park.Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans (嘟囔声) when Ms.Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman (26)________ had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined.Then Ms. Yates started to speak:“I can’t tell you (27)________ pleased I am to be here. I haven’t seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies.I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. (28)________ I haven’t appeared inperson, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth of your children, in my imagination.”Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued:“It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and (29)________ would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives, I can see that you have all been successful in your (30)________ (choose) path.”“There is no (31)________ (great) comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart.”There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar. Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame (32)________ ________ the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.(B)Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is going to experience (33)________ unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer (锁止器)，and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that (34)________ the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS (全球定位系统) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine (35)________ (start).In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, (36)________ their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed (发射) out by the ignition (点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this (37)________ (help) achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key the ft is responsible for 40% of thefts of vehicles fitted with a (38)________ (track) system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operation centre (39)_______ it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner (40)________ (confirm) that the car really is missing, and keep the police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS uni t.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is usually a common practice that journal websites offer readers their free online editions of articles and other information. However, America’s most popular newspaper website announced that the e ra of free online journalism is drawing to a 41 . The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to set out plans for a pay wall around its digital offering, 42 the accepted practice that Internet users will not pay for news.Struggling with a decline of advertising and a downward tendency in street corner sales, The New York Times intends to introduce a “metered” 43 at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have exceeded (超过) a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper on the 44 side of an increasingly wide chasm (鸿沟) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not charge Internet readers.The New York Time’s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 45 that the idea was a gamble. 46 a print circulation of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, behind the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. While most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 47 national scope—as well as 16 bureaus (办事处) in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and maintains 26 bureaus 48 in the world.But like many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a serious financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 49 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million loan from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its 50 sheet.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge asleaders, although there is no formal process of53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have 55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, i s leadership that emphasizes the 59 wellb eing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. revengeSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)66. We can conclude from the passage that Teen Ink is a(n) ．A. magazineB. news agencyC. research centerD. advertising company67. What can we learn from the passage?A. Teen Ink must ask for your permission before having your work published.B. The copyrights of your writing will be shared by Teen Ink and Pepsi.C. When you put your writing into the envelope, you shouldn’t fold it.D. The Pepsi Company may be a sponsor of Teen Ink for this campaign.68. What is the most suitable title for this piece of advertisement?A. Join Teen InkB. Buy Teen Ink；Enjoy PepsiC. Send Us Your WorkD. Keep In Touch With Teen Ink(B)The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (资产)(such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials before export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations (种植园), rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable (可通航的) streams and each had a wharf (码头) accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).69. The word “they” in the 1st paragraph refers to ________.A. North American coloniesB. citiesC. centuriesD. town economies70. During colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared ________ for shipment to Europe.A. manufacturing equipmentB. capital goodsC. consumer goodsD. raw materials71. The growth of southern cities was influenced by the following aspects of the plantation system EXCEPT ________.A. the relationships between plantation residents and city residentsB. the access of plantation owners to shippingC. the location of the plantationsD. the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations72. In the 3rd paragraph, the phrase “antagonistic to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. opposed toB. in favor ofC. based onD. tied to73. What is the passage mainly about?A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.B. Trade between North American and European cities.C. The evolution of cities in North America.D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.(C)During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists (女权主义者) showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local w omen’s organizations assembled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence(通信), newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States, one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at RadclifféCollege, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstreamAmerican history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.74. What is the passage mainly about?A. The role of literature in early American histories.B. The place of American women in written histories.C. The keen sense of history shown by American women.D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians.75. In the 1st paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that ________.A. a woman’s status was changed by marriageB. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignoredC. only three women were able to get their writing publishedD. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women76. In the 2nd paragraph, what weakness in 19th-century histories does the author point out?A. They put too much emphasis on daily activities.B. They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.C. They were printed on poor-quality paper.D. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.77. What use was made of the 19th-century women’s history materials in the Schlesinger Library and the Sophia Smith Collection?A. They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia.B. They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.C. They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.D. They were shared among women’s colleges throughout the United States.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic(怀旧的) skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful---both in school and in life.Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time.“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. _____________________________ makes writing by hand a thing of the past in school.79. Published in 2009, Berninger’s study focused on the difference between ___________________________________________________.80. What abilities are closely related to each other, according to Berninger’s recent study?81. When will the spell checks of the computer be of help to children?第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 在我们学校，教师和学生都可以免费上网。

闵行区2015学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a post office.B. At a garage.C. At a newspaper office.D. At a publishing house. 2. A. $15.B. $30.C. $50.D. $100.3. A. She’s unwilling to do it.B. She is afraid of donating blood.C. Donating blood is none of her business.D. She’s ready to donate blood. 4. A. A shop assistant. B. A dentist.C. An electrician.D. A bank clerk. 5. A. Boring.B. Horrible.C. Moving.D. Sad.6. A. Lending money to a student.B. Working in the office.C. Reading a student ’s application.D. Asking for some financial aid. 7. A. The invention of the steam engine. B. The application of the steam engine. C. The history textbook.D. Watt ’s life.8. A. He has not adjusted to the new culture. B. He has been studying hard at night. C. He finds biology difficult to learn.D. He is not accustomed to the time in a different zone.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………9. A. She thinks that Bill Gates is a successful person not just because he is rich.B. She believes that it’s impossible for Bill Gates to be rich and kind as well.C. She doesn’t want to be a person like Bill Gates.D. She regards wealth as the most important part in Bill Gate’s success.10. A. Mark made some trouble with Bobby.B. Bobby was a trouble-maker at school.C. Mr. Allen was Bobby’s class teacher.D. Mark was Bobby’s elder brother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Acceptable. B. Unsatisfactory.C. Tolerable.D. Adequate.12. A. One semester. B. 20 days.C. Three months.D. Nine weeks.13. A. Enlarging the space and extending the evening hours.B. Increasing the teaching staff and lengthening the operation hours.C. Cutting on waiting time and increasing work efficiency.D. Enlarging children’s play area and offering parents flexible pick-up time.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To invite authors to guide readers. B. To involve people in community service.C. To encourage people to read and share.D. To promote the friendship between cities.15. A. Because they came from many different backgrounds.B. Because they were too busy to read a book.C. Because they had little interest in reading.D. Because they lacked support from the local government.16. A. The careful selection of a proper book.B. The number of people who benefit from the process.C. The growing popularity of the writers.D. The number of books that each person reads.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old days. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for fifty years, (25)________ (wheel) to the Park.Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans (嘟囔声) when Ms.Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman (26)________ had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined.Then Ms. Yates started to speak:“I can’t tell you (27)________ pleased I am to be here. I haven’t seen many of you sinceyour graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students.(28)________ I haven’t appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth of your children, in my imagination.”Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued:“It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and (29)________ would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives, I can see that you have all been successful in your (30)________ (choose) path.”“There is no (31)________ (great) comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart.”There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar. Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame (32)________ ________ the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.(B)Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is going to experience (33)________ unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer (锁止器)，and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that (34)________ the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS (全球定位系统) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine (35)________ (start).In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, (36)________ their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed (发射) out by the ignition(点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this (37)________ (help) achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key the ft is responsible for 40% of thefts of vehicles fitted with a (38)________ (track) system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operation centre (39)_______ it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner (40)________ (confirm) that the car really is missing, and keep the police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS uni t.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is usually a common practice that journal websites offer readers their free online editions of articles and other information. However, America’s most popular newspaper website announced that the era of free online journalism is drawing to a 41 . The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to set out plans for a pay wall around its digital offering, 42 the accepted practice that Internet users will not pay for news.Struggling with a decline of advertising and a downward tendency in street corner sales, The New York Times intends to introduce a “metered” 43 at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have exceeded (超过) a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper on the 44 side of an increasingly wide chasm (鸿沟) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not charge Internet readers.The New York Time’s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 45 that the idea was a gamble. 46 a print circulation of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, behind the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. While most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 47 national scope—as well as 16 bureaus (办事处) in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and maintains 26 bureaus 48 in the world.But like many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a serious financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 49 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million loan from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its 50 sheet.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of 53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the 59 wellbeing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. revengeSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)66. We can conclude from the passage that Teen Ink is a(n) ．A. magazineB. news agencyC. research centerD. advertising company67. What can we learn from the passage?A. Teen Ink must ask for your permission before having your work published.B. The copyrights of your writing will be shared by Teen Ink and Pepsi.C. When you put your writing into the envelope, you shouldn’t fold it.D. The Pepsi Company may be a sponsor of Teen Ink for this campaign.68. What is the most suitable title for this piece of advertisement?A. Join Teen InkB. Buy Teen Ink；Enjoy PepsiC. Send Us Your WorkD. Keep In Touch With Teen Ink(B)The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (资产)(such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials before export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations (种植园), rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable (可通航的) streams and each had a wharf(码头) accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).69. The word “they” in the 1st paragraph refers to ________.A. North American coloniesB. citiesC. centuriesD. town economies70. During colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared ________ for shipment toEurope.A. manufacturing equipmentB. capital goodsC. consumer goodsD. raw materials71. The growth of southern cities was influenced by the following aspects of the plantationsystem EXCEPT ________.A. the relationships between plantation residents and city residentsB. the access of plantation owners to shippingC. the location of the plantationsD. the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations72. In the 3rd paragraph, the phrase “antagonistic to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. opposed toB. in favor ofC. based onD. tied to73. What is the passage mainly about?A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.B. Trade between North American and European cities.C. The evolution of cities in North America.D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.(C)During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists (女权主义者) showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local w omen’s organizations assembled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence(通信), newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States, one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffé College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.74. What is the passage mainly about?A. The role of literature in early American histories.B. The place of American women in written histories.C. The keen sense of history shown by American women.D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians.75. In the 1st paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that ________.A. a woman’s status was changed by marriageB. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignoredC. only three women were able to get their writing publishedD. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women76. In the 2nd paragraph, what weakness in 19th-century histories does the author point out?A. They put too much emphasis on daily activities.B. They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.C. They were printed on poor-quality paper.D. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.77. What use was made of the 19th-century women’s history materials in the SchlesingerLibrary and the Sophia Smith Collection?A. They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia.B. They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.C. They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.D. They were shared among women’s colleges throughout the United States.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic (怀旧的) skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful---both in school and in life.Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time.“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. _____________________________ makes writing by hand a thing of the past in school.79. Published in 2009, Berninger’s study focused on the difference between ___________________________________________________.80. What abilities are closely related to each other, according to Berninger’s recent study?81. When will the spell checks of the computer be of help to children?第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 在我们学校，教师和学生都可以免费上网。

闵行区2015学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试 英语试卷 考生注意： 1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a post office. B. At a garage. C. At a newspaper office. D. At a publishing house. 2. A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. D. $100. 3. A. She’s unwilling to do it. B. She is afraid of donating blood. C. Donating blood is none of her business. D. She’s ready to donate blood. 4. A. A shop assistant. B. A dentist. C. An electrician. D. A bank clerk. 5. A. Boring. B. Horrible. C. Moving. D. Sad. 6. A. Lending money to a student. B. Working in the office. C. Reading a student ’s application. D. Asking for some financial aid. 7. A. The invention of the steam engine. B. The application of the steam engine. C. The history textbook. D. Watt ’s life. 8. A. He has not adjusted to the new culture. B. He has been studying hard at night. C. He finds biology difficult to learn. D. He is not accustomed to the time in a different zone. 9. A. She thinks that Bill Gates is a successful person not just because he is rich. B. She believes that it ’s impossible for Bill Gates to be rich and kind as well.…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………C. She doesn’t want to be a person like Bill Gates.D. She regards wealth as the most important part in Bill Gate’s success.10. A. Mark made some trouble with Bobby.B. Bobby was a trouble-maker at school.C. Mr. Allen was Bobby’s class teacher.D. Mark was Bobby’s elder brother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Acceptable. B. Unsatisfactory.C. Tolerable.D. Adequate.12. A. One semester. B. 20 days.C. Three months.D. Nine weeks.13. A. Enlarging the space and extending the evening hours.B. Increasing the teaching staff and lengthening the operation hours.C. Cutting on waiting time and increasing work efficiency.D. Enlarging children’s play area and offering parents flexible pick-up time.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To invite authors to guide readers. B. To involve people in community service.C. To encourage people to read and share.D. To promote the friendship between cities.15. A. Because they came from many different backgrounds.B. Because they were too busy to read a book.C. Because they had little interest in reading.D. Because they lacked support from the local government.16. A. The careful selection of a proper book.B. The number of people who benefit from the process.C. The growing popularity of the writers.D. The number of books that each person reads.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old days. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for fifty years, (25)________ (wheel) to the Park.Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans (嘟囔声) when Ms.Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman (26)________ had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined.Then Ms. Yates started to speak:“I can’t tell you (27)________ pleased I am to be here. I haven’t seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies.I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. (28)________ I haven’t appeared inperson, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth of your children, in my imagination.”Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued:“It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and (29)________ would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives, I can see that you have all been successful in your (30)________ (choose) path.”“There is no (31)________ (great) comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart.”There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar. Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame (32)________ ________ the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.(B)Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is going to experience (33)________ unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer (锁止器)，and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that (34)________ the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS (全球定位系统) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine (35)________ (start).In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, (36)________ their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed (发射) out by the ignition (点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this (37)________ (help) achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key the ft is responsible for 40% of thefts of vehicles fitted with a (38)________ (track) system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operation centre (39)_______ it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner (40)________ (confirm) that the car really is missing, and keep the police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS uni t.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is usually a common practice that journal websites offer readers their free online editions of articles and other information. However, America’s most popular newspaper website announced that the e ra of free online journalism is drawing to a 41 . The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to set out plans for a pay wall around its digital offering, 42 the accepted practice that Internet users will not pay for news.Struggling with a decline of advertising and a downward tendency in street corner sales, The New York Times intends to introduce a “metered” 43 at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have exceeded (超过) a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper on the 44 side of an increasingly wide chasm (鸿沟) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not charge Internet readers.The New York Time’s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 45 that the idea was a gamble. 46 a print circulation of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, behind the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. While most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 47 national scope—as well as 16 bureaus (办事处) in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and maintains 26 bureaus 48 in the world.But like many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a serious financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 49 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million loan from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its 50 sheet.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge asleaders, although there is no formal process of53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have 55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, i s leadership that emphasizes the 59 wellb eing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. revengeSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)66. We can conclude from the passage that Teen Ink is a(n) ．A. magazineB. news agencyC. research centerD. advertising company67. What can we learn from the passage?A. Teen Ink must ask for your permission before having your work published.B. The copyrights of your writing will be shared by Teen Ink and Pepsi.C. When you put your writing into the envelope, you shouldn’t fold it.D. The Pepsi Company may be a sponsor of Teen Ink for this campaign.68. What is the most suitable title for this piece of advertisement?A. Join Teen InkB. Buy Teen Ink；Enjoy PepsiC. Send Us Your WorkD. Keep In Touch With Teen Ink(B)The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (资产)(such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials before export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations (种植园), rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable (可通航的) streams and each had a wharf (码头) accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).69. The word “they” in the 1st paragraph refers to ________.A. North American coloniesB. citiesC. centuriesD. town economies70. During colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared ________ for shipment to Europe.A. manufacturing equipmentB. capital goodsC. consumer goodsD. raw materials71. The growth of southern cities was influenced by the following aspects of the plantation system EXCEPT ________.A. the relationships between plantation residents and city residentsB. the access of plantation owners to shippingC. the location of the plantationsD. the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations72. In the 3rd paragraph, the phrase “antagonistic to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. opposed toB. in favor ofC. based onD. tied to73. What is the passage mainly about?A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.B. Trade between North American and European cities.C. The evolution of cities in North America.D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.(C)During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists (女权主义者) showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local w omen’s organizations assembled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence(通信), newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States, one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at RadclifféCollege, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstreamAmerican history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.74. What is the passage mainly about?A. The role of literature in early American histories.B. The place of American women in written histories.C. The keen sense of history shown by American women.D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians.75. In the 1st paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that ________.A. a woman’s status was changed by marriageB. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignoredC. only three women were able to get their writing publishedD. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women76. In the 2nd paragraph, what weakness in 19th-century histories does the author point out?A. They put too much emphasis on daily activities.B. They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.C. They were printed on poor-quality paper.D. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.77. What use was made of the 19th-century women’s history materials in the Schlesinger Library and the Sophia Smith Collection?A. They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia.B. They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.C. They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.D. They were shared among women’s colleges throughout the United States.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic(怀旧的) skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful---both in school and in life.Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time.“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. _____________________________ makes writing by hand a thing of the past in school.79. Published in 2009, Berninger’s study focused on the difference between ___________________________________________________.80. What abilities are closely related to each other, according to Berninger’s recent study?81. When will the spell checks of the computer be of help to children?第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 在我们学校，教师和学生都可以免费上网。

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain,the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The processis repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance” – in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are c ut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior suchas swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning la st year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with myfive-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiledEcotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) andother wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience aone-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology,enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is atransit (中转) camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, includingtwo small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseØ up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachersØ 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)Ø full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2019 to 25 October 2019 and from 31 October to 20 December 2019.Why choose EFP coursesØ in addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachersØ we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the courseØ we tailor courses to each gr oup’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses theconstant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet theneeds of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice – from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is startingto affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to eme rge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) ofcarbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) the author most probably means the mill is ______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue “1” or a red “D.” Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word “hurricane” tastes salty. Yet others with “mirror-touch synesthesia” see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) ofsynesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may accountfor the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, butthat hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory.Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive (认知) function in theelderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famousexamples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that __________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。

2016年上海奉贤区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section A1、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第25~32题8分AYour next Disney obsession has arrived! Zootopia（疯狂动物城）hit theaters on March 4, and it's fun at the movies for the entire family. If you're in the mood to smile, Zootopia is the movie for you. The new Disney movie1(release) on March 4, starring Jason Bateman, Ginnifer Goodwin, Idris Elba and more. Critics are obsessed2Zootopia -- Checkout3the critics are saying about Zootopia now!---Zootopia is the best Disney animated film that I have seen in a long time. This is a movie that works for everyone.4doesn't matter whether you're 4 years old or 40 years old.---I love the characters. They do such a great job of building up Judy Hopps（兔子朱迪） from the moment she comes on screen and I think I will remember her as one of my favorite Disney characters.---Zootopia is smart, funny, and is mature in its storytelling and in its message. It's very nice to see a movie directed at kids that has respect and treats kids as peoplewho5understand complex themes, not mindless creatures that need simple cliched（刻板的） messages.---I predict that Zootopia will be one of the6(well-known) animated films of the following years. The film does what every animated film should do; it tells a solid story with a lot of emotional depth, and a message that can hopefully teach kids important lessons. The film is also funny, smart, beautifully animated,7(fill) with great characters, and features great voice work. If you have kids, and they8(not see) this film yet, it's safe to say they'd enjoy it, but they may possibly take an important life lesson away from seeing it too.2、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第33~40题8分Leonardo DiCaprio（莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥）was born in Hollywood. His parents metwhile1(attend) college and then moved to Los Angeles. He was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in amuseum2DiCaprio first kicked.He dropped out of high school following his third year,eventually3(earn) his general equivalency diploma(GED).DiCaprio made his big screen breakthrough in 1992,4he was chosen by Robert De Niro out of 400 young actors to play the lead role in This Boy's Life.In 1997, DiCaprio starred in James Cameron's Titanic(1997)as twenty-year-old Jack Dawson（泰坦尼克号男主人公）. The film became the highest-grossing film to date, and his face appeared on the covers of at least fourteen magazines.DiCaprio was also a dedicated environmentalist. In November 2010, DiCaprio donated ＄1 million to the Wildlife Conservation Society at Russia's tiger summit. DiCaprio's persistence in reaching the event after encountering two plane delays caused Prime Minister VladimirPutin5(describe) him as a "real man".At the 2016 Oscar ceremony, DiCaprio's6(win) the award for Best Actor impressed all the audience present. He expressed his appreciation and worry for the environment when he said: Climate change is real, and it is happening right now. It is the most urgentthreat7(face) our entire species, and we need to work collectively together and stop procrastinating（拖延）. We need to support leaders around the world who do not speak for the big polluters, but who speak for all of humanity, for the indigenous people of the world, for the billions and billions of underprivileged people out there who would be most affected by this, for our children's children, and for those people out there8voices have been drowned out by the politics of greed.二、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section B3、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第41~50题10分（Since 1952,the Queen's Christmas message has been televised in some form. The following is the one given by Britain's Queen Elizabeth II on December 25TAL#NBSP th, 2015. ）At this time of year, few sights arouse more feelings of1and goodwill than the twinkling lights of a Christmas tree.The popularity of a tree at Christmas is2due to my great-great grandparents, Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. After this3picture was published, many families wanted a Christmas tree of their own, and the custom soon spread.In 1949, I spent Christmas in Malta as a newly-married naval wife. We have returned to that island over the years, including last month for a meeting of Commonwealth（英联邦）leaders; and this year Imet another group of leaders: The Queen's Young Leaders, an inspirational group, each of thema4of hope in their own Commonwealth communities.Actually,5round the tree gives us a chance to think about the year ahead. It also allows us to6on the year that has passed, as we think of those who are far away or no longer with us. Many people say the first Christmas after losing a（an）7one is particularly hard. But it's also a time to remember all that we have to be thankful for. We should be thankful for the people who bring love and happiness into our own lives, and look for ways of8that love to others, whenever and wherever we can.One9for thankfulness this summer was marking seventy years since the end of the Second World War. On VJ Day, we10the remaining veterans（老兵）of that terrible conflict in the Far East, as well as remembered the thousands who never returned.…I wish you a very happy Christmas.A. lovedB. causeC. honoredD. spreadingE. partiallyF. cheerG. properlyH. reflectI. symbolJ. gatheringK. touching三、Reading Comprehension: Section A4、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第51~65题15分Two Newcastle scientists are setting themselves to open our eyes to the medical truth by claiming that natural sunlight may help prevent skin cancer.Dr. Ron Laura, professor of health education at Newcastle University, and senior chemist Mr. John Ashton said their research points to a complete1of the accepted scientific theory. They said that sunscreen creams may help cause skin cancer, the artificial indoor light couldbe2and that a range of drugs in common use couldalso3melanoma--a type of cancer that appears as a dark spot on the skin.The research is likely to be unwelcome in some traditional medical research circles. It is based on a new4that our bodies are protected from skin cancer by the regulation of a group of complex vitamins (Vitamin D) and immune process.The sunscreens, artificial light and drugs could all unfavorably affect the production of these vitamins and increase the skin's5to the sun. But Dr. Laura said natural sunlight passing through the eyes helped6the production of cancer protection Vitamin D.He said recent statistics from the United States indicated that people who worked indoors all day in artificial light were more7melanomas than those who worked outdoors. Indoor workers should try to have at least one hour of8to direct sunlight every day,9in the early morning and late afternoon when ultraviolet intensively was lower, Dr. Laura said.Sunscreens, long10as essential for beach lovers, couldalso11the production of Vitamin D. Laura and Ashton said sunscreens give people a12sense of security in thinking theyare13from the sun's rays.Dr. Laura said more statistics14their claim had come to light since the first article was published. He believes his research findings are too important tobe15to the scientific world.A. contributionB. reversalC. combinationD. recognitionA. beneficialB. comfortableC. harmfulD. favorableA. promoteB. reduceC. removeD. eliminateA. assumptionB. lawC. conceptD. theoryA. sensitivityB. resistanceC. adaptationD. responseA. monitorB. measureC. slowD. stimulateA. subject toB. unrelated toC. free ofD. dependent onA. exerciseB. revealC. exposureD. experienceA. occasionallyB. preferablyC. enjoyablyD. extremelyA. receivedB. popularC. acceptedD. identifiedA. balanceB. adjustC. preventD. enhanceA. falseB. strongC. trueD. sharpA. separatedB. protectedC. guardedD. prohibitedA. presentingB. doubtingC. backingD. providingA. limitedB. emphasizedC. acknowledgedD. explained四、Reading Comprehension: Section B5、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第66~69题8分After researching the history of the Vietnam War, I called my mum and asked her if she knew anyone who went to Vietnam that I could interview. She thought for a while and suddenly remembered that she has a cousin who is a veteran of the Vietnam War.She says, "I know him since I was little. He was one of the greatest athletes of the school. You can not imagine how good and fast he was. Well, he was ranked number 18 in the country for being an outstanding track and field runner. But now, those things are only memories.”I called him and introduced myself. He was in an agreeable mood at the beginning, but as soon as I began to question him, his attitude changed. "What happened in Vietnam? " I asked. There was a moment of silence on the other line, and then he said he was willing to tell me about Vietnam.He said that he was drafted when he was 20 years old and that the two years later he spent there a part of his life he would rather forget. He said, "The problem is that you will never imagine how much suffering and pain I saw in that place." There is not one book or article that can really describe the human disaster that took place there. There is nothing worse in this world than killing a man who you know has a family. It is very sad, but it is the truth, and it turns more complex when you realize you were part of that truth.When I returned to Puerto Rico, it was a total disaster: young kids without fathers, wives without husbands. Most of those who made it back have no legs, like me, or no arms. I was praised because of my bravery, but for me, that was and is TAL#NBSP pure nonsense, because that war decided my future, decided the future of my family. I, now, am just a veteran who has nothing.The thing that bothers me the most is that the people who decided to fight will probably never know that it is likely to kill a man, or feel pain and suffering from hunger and the absence of love. In war, every minute you are fearing because the only thing you have in your mind is that if you don't kill first you are going to get killed.(1) Why did the author's mother say "Those things are only memories"?A. Because she would rather keep what happened in the past as a secret.B. Because her cousin is no longer a vigorous young man.C. Because though her cousin was a good runner, he lost his leg during the war.D. Because time passed quickly and she can't remember much of the past days.(2) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the 4th paragraph?A. Books and articles all presented a false picture of the war.B. It takes mental strength to survive the war.C. The sufferings during the war greatly damaged the memory of soldiers,D. The author's uncle felt very painful when he realized the truth of the war.(3) Why did the author's uncle find the praises "TAL#NBSP pure nonsense"?A. Because praises came too late.B. Because no praise could make up for his loss.C. Because he didn't kill anyone during the war.D. Because too many praises seemed worthless.(4) What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Those who decide to fight should take part in the war by themselves.B. The veterans could stand any hardship in their life after the war.C. Those who made the war should be severely blamed.D. Firing first is the best policy on the battlefield.6、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第70~73题8分BLearn To Speak French With Rocket French!Who Wants to Learn to Speak French Fluently in the Shortest Possible Time? If You Answered "I Do!" Then Please Read on to Try My FREE 6-Day French Course.Why do you want to learn to speak French?★ Do you live in a French-speaking country and want to communicate better?★ Are you traveling to a French-speaking country?★ Are you a home-schooled student or a parent who wants your children to learn more quickly and easily?★ Are you a student who wants to get an A in French?★ Have you learned French before and want a fun refresher course?Or, perhaps you just have an interest in learning the language of love!I've designed Rocket French Premium to be the easiest to follow, fastest system for learning how to speak French available. Rocket French Premium is an interactive course that makes you want to study. Also, it's practical. You are going to be able to speak at a restaurant, at an airport, and with newfriends!It's a great experience to be able to speak with others in a different language. You will be able to enter into a different culture, a different world! Being bilingual is a very special ability, and it's a gift that we want to give to you.So are you ready to get to know the secret of learning a new language? You're looking right at it.Try our free six-day course. If you don't, you'll be missing a valuable opportunity to see just how much Rocket French Premium can improve your language level. Thousands of people worldwide have used our unique multimedia course to fast-track their French learning, while having piles of fun in the process. Will you be next?Your e-mail address is required for you to receive the FREE course. You can unsubscribe any time and your e-mail address will never be given to any third party.(1) Who are target learners of Rocket French Premium?A. Students of French language.B. Language experts doing research into French.C. Teachers who are eager to improve their students' French.D. Parents who want their children to learn French more quickly and easily.(2) Rocket French Premium describes itself as.A. free and funnyB. practical and interactiveC. slow but efficientD. suitable for everyone(3) The underlined word "fast-track" probably means.A. speed upB. pick upC. influenceD. change(4) According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. A complete Rocket French course lasts for 6 days.B. Thousands of people worldwide have benefited from Rocket French Premium.C. People will enroll in Rocket French Premium for different reasons, but everyone will be given a gift eventually.D. Rocket French Premium mainly aims to introduce second-language learners toFrench culture.7、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第73~77题8分What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem totally impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands（腺体）and so the chemistry of her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must master, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.(1) Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.B. It is totally impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.(2) A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that.A. she is emotionally shockedB. she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying(3) According to the passage, a child may inherit.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother's musical ability(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of InheritanceB. An Unborn ChildC. Function of instinctsD. Inherited Talents五、Reading Comprehension: Section C8、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第76~80题8分Whether it is "women and children first" or "every man for himself" in a shipwreck may depend on how long it takes the ship to sink, researchers said recently.When the Lusitania was torpedoed（用鱼雷袭击）by a German ship in 1915, it sank in 18 minutes and the majority of the survivors were young men and women who responded immediately to their powerful survival instincts.But when the Titanic struck an iceberg in 1912, it took three hours to go down, allowing time for more civilized behavior to take control-and the majority of the survivors were women, children and people with young children.Economist Benno Torgler of the Queensland University of Technology in Australia and his colleagues studied the two sinkings in order to explore the economic theory that people generally behave in a "rational" and selfish manner. The two tragedies provided a "natural experiment" for testing the idea, because the passengers on the two ships were quite similar in terms of gender and wealth.The major difference was how long it took the ships to sink. They suggested that when people have little time to react, instincts may rule. When more time is available, social influences play a bigger role. But psychologists noted that many factors other than following social norms（社会规范）could come into play in a disaster, including an evolutionary urge to save the species, attachments that are formed between individuals during the event and the leadership of authority figures.The extent of altruism（利他主义）and how it occurs "is a very controversial issue," said Anthony R.Mawson, a professor of preventive medicine at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. He thinks the dominant response was attachment behavior.Psychologist Daniel Kruger of the University of Michigan, US thinks that the answer lies less in social norms and more in our evolutionary heritage. Human beings have a deep instinct to preserve our kind, he said, and that means "people are more likely to save those who have higher reproductive value, namely the young and women in child-bearing years".Kruger also stressed the importance of leadership during a disaster, noting that the Titanic's captain appeared to have greater control than the Lusitania's.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS)(1) According to Benno Torgler, what led to the different results between the two shipwrecks?(2) Besides social norms and leadership, what other factors play a part in disaster behavior?(3) According to Daniel Kruger, Why do the young and women of child-bearing age take the priority to survive?(4) What does the passage mainly tell us?六、Translation9、【来源】 2016年上海奉贤区高三二模第81~86题22分翻译(1) 这家超市的特色是24小时服务。

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain,the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The processis repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance” – in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are c ut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior suchas swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning la st year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with myfive-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiledEcotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) andother wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience aone-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology,enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is atransit (中转) camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, includingtwo small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseØ up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachersØ 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)Ø full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesØ in addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachersØ we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the courseØ we tailor courses to e ach group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses theconstant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet theneeds of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice – from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is startingto affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) ofcarbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) t he author most probably means the mill is ______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue “1” or a red “D.” Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word “hurricane” tastes salty. Yet others with “mirror-touch syne sthesia” see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) ofsynesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may accountfor the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, butthat hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory.Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive (认知) function in theelderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famousexamples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that __________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。

杨浦区2015学年度高三年级英语二模2016. 4 II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passagescoherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fitseach blank.(A)Data suggests the majority of women who smoke (25) ______(try) to quit if they findout they’re pregnant, but it’s unclear whether they keep it up after they’ve givenbirth. A new study adds to the evidence, (26) ______(show) that nearly half of women who kick the habit while pregnant will become smokers once again.The new report, (27) ______(publish) Tuesday in the journal Addiction, looked at 27 different trials that attempted to help pregnant women quit smoking. The researchers took a closer look at (28) ______ these women stayed non-smokers six months after giving birth. They found that among the women who were offered some sort of smoking cessation intervention（停止干预）, 13% were able to quit sometime during the pregnancy and remain abstinent（节制的）when they delivered. The other 87% of women either tried to quit and were not able to do so, (29) ______ they did not attempt to kick the habit. Of (30) ______ 13% that did quit, the researchers found that 43% started smoking again by six months.“Most pregnant smokers do not achieve abstinence from smoking while they arepregnant, and among those that do, most (31) ______ re-start smoking within 6 months of childbirth,”the study authors write. “This would suggest that (32) ______ large amounts of health-care expenditure on smoking cessation, few women and their offspring gain the maximum benefits of cessation.”(B)New statistics have been released today that show gang crimes are on the increasein the UK. They also show that there has been a rise in teenagers (33) ______(arrest) for crimes such as burglary and shoplifting. Many people feel that, (34) ______nothing is done soon, this problem is likely to get worse.Mo re and more children are turning to gangs because they don’t know anything different. These children are often from broken families (35) ______ _____ there is no father figure. Our idea involves (36) ______(identify) children between the ages of five and eleven who we feel are at risk. We then assign these children to police officers who act as mentors. The officers meet up with the children once a week to do the normalthings that most children of their age do.We know that children as young as seven have been used by gangs (37) ______(carry)their weapons. One of the biggestproblems is peer pressure. A lot of these children feel that, because all their friends are in gangs, they should be too. If we can show thesechildren that there are other options, we hope they (38) ______(not persuade) to join thegangs. We’ve been experimenting with the scheme for six months in the London area and the results are very(39) ______ (encourage). We will probably take the idea to other cities throughout the UK next year. If we are successful, then we will see (40) _____ (few) young children turning to crime and these neighbourhoods will be made safer for everyone.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.She praised Rousseff's leadership in organizing the whole of Brazilian society in a campaign to destroy the mosquito's __49__ places in urban areas and in cooperating with other countries in the research and development of diagnostic tools and a vaccine."The Zika virus is very __50__. We should expect this to be a long journey," she said. "Based on what I have seen here, I can tell you: the mosquito is difficult, but it cannot beat Brazil," Chan said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.There are many things parents can do to help children with autism (自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in treatment will go a long way toward helping your child. Additionally, the following tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child:•Be consistent（一致的）. Children with autism have a hard time __52__ what they’ve learned if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign language at school to communicate, but never think to do so at home. Creating __53__ in your child’s environment is the best way to reinforce learning. Find out what your child’s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home.Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in more than one place in order to encourage your child to __55__ what he or she has learned from one environment to another. It’s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors.•__57__ a schedule. Children with autism tend to do best when they have a highly-structured schedule or routine. Again, this goes back to the consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. If there is an unavoidable schedule change, prepare your child for it __60__.•__61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropriately or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they’re being praised for.•Pay attention to your child’s sensory sensitivities. Many children with autism are hypersensitive to light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Other children with autism are “under-sensitive” to sensory stimuli. __63__ what sights, sounds, smells and movements cause your kid’s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings about a(n) __64__ response. If you understand what affects your child, you’ll bebetter at solving problems, preventing situations that cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences.51. A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved52. A. applying B. devoting C. communicating D. appealing53. A. attraction B. comfort C. steadiness D. attention54. A. possibility B. goal C. process D. solution55. A. transplant B. transfer C. transport D. transform56. A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate57. A. Draw up B. Arrange for C. Work out D. Stick to58. A. regular B. flexible C. appropriate D. normal59. A. decrease B. mystery C. minimum D. secret60. A. without doubt B. in private C. without notice D. in advance61. A. Control B. Perform C. Reward D. Maintain62. A.curious B. specific C. particular D. anxious63. A. Figure out B. Account for C. Put up D. Take on64. A. automatic B. immediate C. positive D. quick65. A. frustrating B. successful C. professional D. unpleasantSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.(A)It’s fight night in Berlin club. The lights go down, the door opens and out walks a salesman from San Francisco. David “Double D” Depto has travelled 8,000 kilometres in search of glory. As he first walks, then jogs, towards the boxing ring, the muscular, bare-chested American looks cool and confident. But so does his opponent. Waiting for him in the blue corner is Frank Stoldt, a tall, strong German policeman, who calls himself “Anti-Terror Frank”. For obvious reasons, the crowd is on his side.The bell rings. Round one! The fighters come out. But then, something rather strange happens. The two players sit down at a table which has a chessboard on it and start playing chess – in the middle of the boxing ring.“Why?” you may ask yourself. Well, this is chessboxing, and tonight is the final of the first chessboxing World Championship.The rules of a chessboxing match are simple. There is one round of chess and thenone round of boxing. Punching power alternates with brain power. All in all, you have 11 rounds in which to checkmate your opponent – or knock him out.Two sports in one means double the pain, and double the pressure. Before this big fight, Frank spent hours doing exercises that prepared his mind as well as his muscles. Winners in chessboxing are people whose mental strength equals their physical strength.But why do it in the first place? Why put yourself through this physical and mental torture? For David Depto, it’s all about proving that you can be a boxer and still have a brain. The sport has taken off in Germany, where they are preparing the next generation of chessboxing champions. It’s even being taught in a Berlin school.Back in the ring, it is round seven and the players are locked in battle around the chessboard, sweat pouring from their foreheads. Suddenly, Frank Stoldt sees an opening and moves in to finish the match. Queen to G7… checkmate!The referee stops the match, the crowd erupts– the local hero has won and is given the world title belt, which proves that, when it comes to mixing brains and muscle, Germany really is the Grand Master.66. Why is it “obvious” that the crowd wants Frank Stoldt to win?A. He is a policeman.B. He has powerful muscle.C. He is a host player.D. He fights against terrorism.67. What’s the way in which a match can finish?A. Either checkmate the opponent or knock him out.B. One of the players gives up or is sent to hospital.C. The referee counts down eight to zero in the round of chess.D. The player finds the opening into the court which is locked.68. What’s TRUE about chessboxing?A. Compared with boxing, it means half danger and half stress.B. It requires more mental strength than physical strength.C. The sport is popular in Germany, where it is a school subject.D. The players play chess in the middle of the boxing ring.69. The underlined word “erupt” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. leave the stadiumB. burst into cheersC. interrupt the ceremonyD. fight with the opposing fans(B)Hot Air Balloon Sydney For 2, Weekend Flight INCLUDES FULL GOURMET BREAKFA ST• Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 (there will be others in the balloon basket with you) •NOTHING MORE TO PAY ON THE DAY! YOUR FULL GOURMET BREAKFAST ISINCLUDED IN THE PRICE• Travel with the Tourism Award winners with over 20 years of experience •Float over beautiful Hawkesbury Valley•Colour flight certificateExperience the wonder of a Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 people. Rising before dawn, you can join the crew in unpacking and preparing the balloon for flight - which is a spectacle in itself! After an exciting launch, you'll drift with the wind silently over the parklands, homes and hills of the Hawkesbury region of Sydney. Hot Air Ballooning begins in the cool, still hours of the early morning, when the air is more stable. The launch site, determined by the weather on the morning, will be in or around the beautiful Hawkesbury Valley. The adventure begins by inflating （使…充气） the balloon using a giant portable fan. Once the balloon starts to take shape the burner is lit, heating the air inside. The hot air inside is lighter than the cool air outside and this is what creates the lift and why it is called a Hot Air Balloon. Passengers are welcome to assist the pilot and crew with inflating the hot air balloon at the launch site, which only takes about 20 minutes.The Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 is both picturesque and peaceful. You hear very little sound from the awakening world below. TheItem: HO12955TA Location: WindsorSydney Our Price:。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Asia TEFL and the Far Eastern English Language Teachers’ Association 14th Asia TEFL International Conference and 11th FEELTA International Conference invite proposals for their joint conference on language teaching and learning:“Connecting Professionally on ELT in Asia:Crossing the Bridge to Excellence”to be held on 30 June – 2 July, 2016 atThe Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, RussiaCALL FOR PRESENTATIONSConference DescriptionThe 14th Asia TEFL and 11th FEELTA international conference places emphasis on working towards special skills or knowledge in English Language Teaching through being connected professionally in Asia and worldwide. Professional networks link teachers from a variety of educational contexts, helping to develop research, advance skills and update knowledge. We invite educators, scholars and policy makers to cooperate and share teaching theories, excellent teaching ideas and relevant practices.The meaning of the ―bridge‖ in our theme is inspired by the place of the confere nce. The university campus is located on Russky Island ―across the bridge‖ from the mainland. It also refers to new horizons and perspectives in the field of ELT that we discover when we ―cross the bridge‖Conference SubtopicsWe invite papers on the following subtopics in ELT:●ELT curriculum and design●Materials writing●Teacher education and professional development●Teaching literature and the arts●Interpreting and translation●Global Issues in Language EducationTypes of PresentationsAll presentations will be given in English. Presenters are encouraged to hand in full papers of their presentation to the Journal of Asia TEFL to be considered for publication.●Papers: 30 minutes●Workshops: 60 minutes●Poster presentations: displayed all day ---- presenters are expected to stand by their postersready to explain and discuss them, for 60 minutes.●Group discussions: 90 minutesProposal Submission (提交)Materials to be submitted:● a title of up to ten words●an abstract of not more than 200 words● a self-introduction of not more than 60 wordsAll proposals must be submitted online through the link: http://feelta.wl.dvfu.ru/asiatefl-feelta-2016●Presentation submission opens: November 1, 2015●Deadline for submission: February 29, 2016Questions about proposal submission can be addressed to Larisa Krainik, Abstract Committee Chair:feeltacon@70. What does the expression ―Crossing the Bridge to Excellence‖ in the title imply?B. the process from knowledge to skills on language teaching and learning.C. inviting proposals about new horizons and perspectives in the field of ELT.D. Coming from every country in the world to the Far Eastern Federal University.71. The joint international conference will be held to ______.A. be connected professionally in Asia and worldwideB. call for presentations of the educators, scholars and policy makersC. work towards special skills or knowledge in English Language TeachingD. provide a chance for teachers to cooperate and share theories, ideas and practices72. According tothe passage, what can be learned from the conference?A. How to achieve good results in the English exams.B. Effective communication skills among teachers.C. How to helpteachers to share research skills.D. Effective teaching approaches and theories.73. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. the presentations are most likely to have been published during the conferenceB. all presentations must be submitted formally online within the required timeC. presenters can only choose to take part in one of the types of presentationsD. presentations are requiredto be explained to the participants publiclySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)70. If you wish to complete two tours in one day, you would probably choose________.A. Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary TourB. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary TourC. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Sunshine Coast and Noosa TourD. Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour and Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour71. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Visitors may learn the colonial history of Brisbane River from Kangaroo Point Cliffs.B. Visitors may have a close look at animals in Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour.C. If you want to visit Underwater World, you may choose Brisbane City Morning Tour.D. If 2 adults and 2 children, aged 3 and 9, attend tour B410, they should pay $ 281.72. What is the tone of this tour guide information booklet?A. Welcoming and humorous.B. Warm and inviting.C. Modest and initiative.D. Casual and compulsory.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)70. According to Miss Manners, the proper way to deal with a kid asking for gifts is _______.A. to ignore the kid’s request for giftsB. to scold the kid for asking for presentsC. to tell kids gift giving is voluntary and two-wayD. to advise the kid’s mum to teach him proper manners71. Which of the following does Miss Manners advise you to do at a party?A. Suggest guests arriving during the event.B. Directly remind guests to leave at a proper time.C. Inform guests of both starting and finishing hours.D. Give guests clear hint when they should leave the party.72. In witch part of a newspaper can you find this passage?A. Advice Section.B. Live Chats Section.C. Entertainment Section.D. Classified Ads Section.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language andBritish culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford,a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)fullboard(全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the coursewe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP coursesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Edinburgh– the fourth most beautiful city in theworldHere are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.Need inspiration?Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter S cott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewardedwith some pretty special views.History lovers?Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listenout for the One o’clock Gun –it fires every day except Sunday. At oneo'clock. Obviously.Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincideFeeling hungry?A satisfying dinner:With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews.A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve ―the best steak pie in Edinburgh‖, to matchwith real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies (威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu.ShoppingcentrePrinces Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retaillandmark in the shape of Jenners department store.Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack.Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you fromyour cash.Hidden EdinburghEdinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try ―The Real Mary King’s Close‖ to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground.Need trains to Edinburgh? We‟ll get you sorted…70. Where can visitors enjoy a full view of the city in Edinburgh?A. Scott Monument.B. Edinburgh Castle.C. Timberyard.D. The Real Mary King’s Close.71. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ___________.A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shoppingB. Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensiveC. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey NicholsD. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols72. The underlined word“edible”is closest in meaning to _____________.A. beautifulB. eatableC. visibleD. delicate73. This page is most likely to be found at ___________.A. /en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburghB. https:///en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburghC. https:///our-destinations/edinburgh-overviewD. /discover/about-the-castleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United Statesand in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (资产)(such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials before export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations (种植园), rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable(可通航的) streams and each had a wharf(码头) accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).69. The word ―they‖ in the 1st paragraph refers to ________.A. North American coloniesB. citiesC. centuriesD. town economies70. During colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared ________ for shipment toEurope.A. manufacturing equipmentB. capital goodsC. consumer goodsD. raw materials71. The growth of southern cities was influenced by the following aspects of the plantationsystem EXCEPT ________.A.the relationships between plantation residents and city residentsB. the access of plantation owners to shippingC. the location of the plantationsD. the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations72. In the 3rd paragraph, the phrase ―antagonistic to‖is closest in meaning to ________.A. opposed toB. in favor ofC. based onD. tied to73. What is the passage mainly about?A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.B. Trade between North American and European cities.C. The evolution of cities in North America.D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.BLearn To Speak French With Rocket French!Who Wants to Learn to Speak French Fluently in the Shortest Possible Time? If You Answered “I Do!” Then Please Read on to Try My FREE 6-Day French Course.Why do you want to learn to speak French?★Do you live in a French-speaking country and want to communicate better?★Are you traveling to a French-speaking country?★Are you a home-schooled student or a parent who wants your children to learn more quickly and easily?★Are you a student who wants to get an A in French?★Have you learned French before and want a fun refresher course?Or, perhaps you just have an interest in learning the language of love!I’ve designed Rocket French Premium to be the easiest to follow, fastest system for learning how to speak French available. Rocket French Premium is an interactive course that makes you want to study. Also, it’s practical. You are going to be able to speak at a restaurant, at an airport, and with new friends!It’s a great experience to be able to speak with others in a different language. You will be able to enter into a different culture, a different world! Being bilingual is a very special ability, and it’s a gift that we want to give to you.So are you ready to get to know the secret of learning a new language? You’re looking right at it.Try our free six-day course. If you don’t, you’ll be missing a valuable opportunity to see just how much Rocket French Premium can improve your language level. Thousands of people worldwide have used our unique multimedia course to fast-track their French learning, while having piles of fun in the process. Will you be next?Your e-mail address is required for you to receive the FREE course. You can unsubscribe any time and your e-mail address will never be given to any third party.70. Who are target learners of Rocket French Premium?A. Students of French language.B. Language experts doing research into French.C. Teachers who are eager to improve their students’ French.D. Parents who want their children to learn French more quickly and easily.71. Rocket French Premium describes itself as ______.A. free and funnyB. practical and interactiveC. slow but efficientD. suitable for everyone72. The underlined word‖ fast-track‖ probably m eans _______ .A. speed upB. pick upC. influenceD. change73. According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. A complete Rocket French course lasts for 6 days.B. Thousands of people worldwide have benefited from Rocket French Premium.C. People will enroll in Rocket French Premium for different reasons, but everyone will begiven a gift eventually.D. Rocket French Premium mainly aims to introduce second-language learners to Frenchculture.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.∙TAKE PARTTHE GAMES RIO DE JANEIRO TICKETS︾TORCH︾NEWS︾MORE︾∙News/ News∙25/05/2015 Updated on February, 18th, 2016, 16:11 Follow the race to qualify for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games As competition to reach the first Olympic Games in South America hots up, lists the countries and athletes who have booked their placesMedals will be fought for in 42 sport disciplines at the Rio 2016 Olympic GamesAthletes and teams from more than 200 countries are battling for places at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. All over the world, qualification tournaments are taking place, while athletes are striving to rise up the world rankings or record the marks necessary to compete in Rio next year.This article will be regularly updated to report the confirmed results of the qualifying competitions in the 42 sports that will feature in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Just click on the sports you are interested in to see the information drop down. (Qualification systems attached) is not an absolute authority on qualification for the Olympic and Paralympic Games ( 残奥会), which is an ongoing process. Final places will only be confirmed in July 2016 (for the Olympic Games) and August 2016 ( for the Paralympic Games ). The qualification systems are defined by each sport‟s respective International Federation and the International Olympic Committee or International Paralympic Committee ( IOC OR IPC ), and are subject to change. When an athlete or team wins a quota( 配额；指标) place for their nation, the final decision on whether this …slot‟ is used and which athletes are sent is taken by the respective National Olympic Committee or National Paralympic Committee (NOC or NPC). Even when athletes win a …nominal‟ place for themselves, NOCs / NPCs may have to decide who to send if the number of qualified athletes from one country exceeds the quota .ARCHERY ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS ATHLETICS BADMINTONBASKETBALL BEACH VOLLEYBALL BMX CYCLING BOXING> MORE>70. Which of the following is correct according to the web page?A.Athletes and teams are battling for 42 places in qualifying competitions.B.Qualification can be achieved according to the world rankings of the athletes.C.All qualified athletes who have earned places will be sent to the Rio Olympics.D.The qualification system for football is determined by IOC.71. When you click on the sports, you will probably read the following information EXCEPT___________.A.the Olympic qualification system for each of the 42 sportsB.the list of the countries that have qualified for the OlympicsC.the official release of the qualifying competitions resultsD.the world rankings of the athletes in previous years72. Which of the following about ―a quota place for the Olympics‖ is NOT correct?A.Each nation must earn a quota place to send athletes to the Olympic Games.B.It is possible that unplaced athletes will win quota places for the Olympic Games.C. A quota place guarantees the athlete who earns it will be competing in theOlympic Games.D.Each National Olympic Committee makes the final decision on which athlete to fill thequota.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）missionary work of St Patrick and his followers, and to his Early ChristianDown.which were recentlyexhibition provides an overview Rising and will explore a selection of themes including how the Rising was reported in local newspapers and its impact on local politics and society.Pre-booking essential.textile(纺织的) pieces, silversmithing and jewellery made by artists living and working in County Down.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Vancouver(温哥华)Natural ResourcesAs a major centre for the global forestry industry, Vancouver is host to many international forestry conferences and events, and the natural home of the massive BC forestry business. Companies such as Canfor and West Fraser Timber Co., the second and third largest lumber（木材）producers in the world, are headquartered in Vancouver. Vancouver is also a major centre for the mining industry.International tradeInternational trade is a key part for Vancouver's economy. The city has Canada's largest port and is one of North America's major gateways for Pan-Pacific（泛太平洋）trade. The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports and second on the West Coast in total goods volume.Banking and FinancialThe headquarters for HSBC Canada （汇丰银行）is located in the Financial District in downtown. Canada's third largest commercial entity (实体), Jim Pattison Group is also based in Vancouver.International relationVancouver is a major centre for diplomacy (外交) and foreign relations. Most countries of the world have consulate（领事馆）or general offices in the Central Business District. In fact, many major diplomatic conferences are hosted by the city - including the world famous G7 summit with President Clinton, APEC, and the World Trade Organization. Greenpeace has its world headquarters in the city. Therefore, Vancouver was among the first North American cities to declare itself a Nuclear Weapons Free Zone.TourismTourism is a leading industry to Vancouver. The Whistler-Blackcomb Resort is among the most popular skiing resorts in North America, and will be the site of the downhill events of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Vancouver's beaches, parks, waterfronts, and mountain backdrops and its multi- cultural character attract more and more tourists.FilmVancouver was the source of the sobriquet（绰号）"Hollywood North", for hosting theproduction of about ten percent of Hollywood's movies. Many U.S. television and films series are shot exclusively in Vancouver. This has partly been because of the favourable Canadian dollar exchange rate.70. Which of the following description about Vancouver is NOT true according to the passage?A.The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports.B.Vancouver is a film production centre and called ―Hollywood North".C.International forestry conferences and events were held in Vancouver.D.Vancouver is a leading centre for the global agriculture and industry.71. Which of the following organizations or events is not related to Vancouver?A. Jim Pattison GroupB. WHOC. GreenpeaceD. The 2010 Winter Olympics72. If you are a graduate from Shanghai Finance and Economics University, what is it thatwill probably attract you to visit Vancouver?A. Its international trade.B. Its film industry.C. HSBC Canada.D. Its beautiful natural scenery.73. We can infer______ from the part: International relation.A. Vancouver is a major centre for foreign relations.B. Vancouver has hosted many major diplomatic conferences.C. APEC and WTO are headquartered in Vancouver.D. Canada is a peace-loving country.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed opposed to ordinary zoos? Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world’s most rare animals.? We are revealing for you:1. Right whales, Bay of Fundy, CanadaNorthern right whales are on the brink of extinction, but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each summer (May through October) to feed east of Grand Manan Island. They are recognized by a broad back and no dorsal fin, which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay. Planning: Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby islands, such as Brier Island, St. Andrews, Grand Manan Island, and Deer Island.2. Grizzly bears, AlaskaGrizzlies like salmon. In mid-July and again in mid-August, grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook out the fish with their formidable claws. The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools, sometimes fighting for the best sites. Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park, and Fish Creek, near Hyder, have viewing platforms.Planning: Most fishing sites are accessed by chartered light aircraft and a hike. Hyder is off the Stewart-Cassiar Highway.3. Monarch butterflies, Sierra Chincua, MexicoEach fall, millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyamel fir forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range, in the state of Michoacán. Theyflockoccupy Sierra Chincua and four neighboring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.Planning: Chincua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.4. Komodo dragons, Komodo Island, IndonesiaLanding on Komodo, you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth,。

长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区2016年高三年级质量调研测试英语试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At home. B. In his office.C. At school.D. In the meeting room.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.D. Customer and shop assistant.3. A. The man needs to be up all night. B. It’s wise of the man to study English.C. The man should get some sleep.D. It’s easy for the man to stay up late.4. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.5. A. She used to be healthier. B. Jogging does do good to her.C. She didn’t like exercise before.D. Jogging is never part of her life.6. A. The woman is willing to teach the man to use the machine.B. The man doesn’t want to be bothered by the woman.C. The clerk should have made more copies.D. The clerk won’t come back to make any copies.7. A. He likes to eat Italian food. B. He wishes to pay the bill.C. He wants to be treated there.D. He intends to prepare lunch.8. A. She is studying French in Canada. B. She stayed in Canada for two weeks.C. She is planning to return to Canada.D. She spent the Spring Festival in Canada.9. A. He prefers yellow to brown. B. He doesn’t like either of the colours.C. He chooses both yellow and brown.D. He doesn’t care much about colo ur.10. A. His wife often complains about everything.B. He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair.C. His wife didn’t take his sensible advice.D. He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They wanted him to support the family by selling books.B. They thought him unable to earn enough money as a painter.C. They expected him to take over their business as a bookseller.D. They found him unfit to be a painter due to his personality.12. A. Morse got the inspiration from electricity.B. People were generous to Morse for his paintings.C. Longer codes were used for common letters in telegraph.D. Messages often failed to reach their destinations in the 1800s.13. A. A way of conveying messages. B. The main functions of telegraph.C. A brief introduction of Morse.D. The symbols of Morse code.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Endurance. B. Exhausted. C. Survivor. D. That’ll teach ’em.15. A. It aims at making money. B. It gets adults involved.C. It is unpleasant.D. It is educational.16. A. They are extremely dangerous. B. They are over commercial.C. They are entirely fictional.D. They are quite popular.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance”– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate dietusually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior such as swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44 helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) and other wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important itis to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the 56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology –you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom ar e real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit (中转) camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people – the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, andJacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language andBritish culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English.The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the coursewe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill lastDecember.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice –from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultiva tion of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to clim b. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School o f Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “R ice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) the author mos t probably means the mill is______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate ch anges have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue “1” or a red “D.” Other synesthetes, people with synest hesia, may think the word “hurricane” tastes salty. Yet others with “mirror-touch synesthesia” see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientif ic interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive(认知) function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that__________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。