redwine红酒
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Red wine,a cherished elixir of the grape,has a rich history that dates back thousands of years.It is not merely a beverage but a cultural symbol,a subject of art,and a staple in culinary traditions across the globe.The Origins and Production of Red WineRed wine originates from the fermentation of darkskinned grape varieties.The process begins with the harvesting of grapes,followed by a careful selection to ensure only the best are used.The grapes are then crushed,and the juice,or must,is allowed to ferment with the grape skins.This contact with the skins is what gives red wine its characteristic color and rich tannins,which contribute to its structure and aging potential.Types and VarietiesThe world of red wine is vast and diverse.Some of the most famous types include:1.Cabernet Sauvignon:Known for its robust flavors of blackcurrant and cedar,it is often fullbodied and has a long aging potential.2.Merlot:This is a softer,more approachable red with flavors of plum and cherry,often used in blends.3.Pinot Noir:With its delicate flavors of red fruit and a light to medium body,Pinot Noir is a favorite for its versatility.4.Syrah/Shiraz:Originating from the Rhône region in France,this bold wine offers flavors of black pepper and dark berries.The Role of TerroirTerroir,a French term that encompasses the environmental conditions in which grapes are grown,plays a crucial role in the character of red wine.Factors such as soil composition,climate,and topography influence the grapes development,imparting unique flavors and aromas to the wine.Pairing Red Wine with FoodThe art of pairing red wine with food is an essential aspect of culinary enjoyment.A wellchosen wine can enhance the flavors of a dish,creating a harmonious dining experience.For instance,a rich,tannic wine like Cabernet Sauvignon pairs well with hearty meats,while a lighterbodied Merlot complements dishes with more delicate flavors.Health BenefitsModerate consumption of red wine has been associated with several health benefits, primarily due to its high content of antioxidants,particularly resveratrol.These antioxidants can help protect against heart disease and certain types of cancer.The Ritual of TastingTasting red wine is a sensory experience that engages sight,smell,and taste.One should first observe the wines color and clarity,then swirl the glass to release its aromas before taking a sip.The flavors should be assessed as they evolve on the palate,and the finish, or aftertaste,is noted for its length and quality.Preserving and AgingProper storage is essential for maintaining the quality of red wine.It should be kept in a cool,dark place away from vibrations.Some wines benefit from aging,developing more complex flavors over time,while others are best enjoyed young.ConclusionRed wine is more than just a drink it is a cultural phenomenon that brings people together, inspires conversation,and enhances the dining experience.Whether enjoyed with a meal, savored alone,or shared among friends,red wine continues to be a beloved part of our global heritage.。
葡萄酒是一种交际饮品,在社交场合聚会时饮用。
随着人们生活水平的逐步提高,葡萄酒也逐渐成为日常生活中享受生活乐趣、体验生活情调的重要“载体”。
今天,我们就来一起学习西方文化中的酒——【Wine葡萄酒】。
有关葡萄酒的关键词:Red wine——红葡萄酒:由红葡萄带皮浸渍发酵而成。
葡萄酒是目前世界上产量最大、普及最广的单糖酿造酒。
红葡萄酒由于色泽喜庆,更是人们喜欢的葡萄酒之一。
white wine——白葡萄酒:由葡萄汁发酵而成的。
清澈透明,气味清爽,酒香浓郁,回味深长,含有多种维生素,营养丰富,具有舒筋、活血、养颜、润肺之功效。
Rose wine——桃红葡萄酒:它是被很多人忽视了的葡萄酒的一个小族群。
桃红葡萄酒口味清爽、色泽亮丽,仅仅从感官上就能给人以时尚、亲切的气息。
Nutrition——营养:葡萄的营养很高,而以葡萄为原料的葡萄酒也蕴藏了多种氨基酸、矿物质和维生素,这些物质都是人体必须补充和吸收的营养品。
目前,已知的葡萄酒中含有的对人体有益的成分大约就有600种。
葡萄酒的营养价值由此也得到了广泛的认可。
【例句】1. At her dinner table, men hang on her every word, and women echo her pearly laugh as she raises a wine glass in a toast.餐桌旁,男人们抢着应和她说的每一句话;女人们则在她举起葡萄酒杯祝酒时,随她一起放声欢笑。
2. Other merchants say Bordeaux(n.波尔多葡萄酒)has so much stock (n.库存)that merchants are trying to move it on.其它酒商表示,波尔多葡萄酒库存太多,酒商们正设法将其转手.3. If you have to choose one bottle, make it a Bordeaux.如果你只能收藏一瓶酒,一定要选法国波尔多。
各种“酒”的纯正英语表达知多少?绝大多数学员都知道,“red wine”表示“红酒”,把“red”换成“white”(即white wine),绝大多数学员便脱口而出“白酒”。
可事实上,它指的是“白葡萄酒”。
其实还是对wine的意思没有把握准确。
那么,我们一起来看看“wine”的真正含义吧。
wine: an alcoholic drink made from the juice of grapes that has been left to ferment. It can also refer to alcoholic drinks made from other fruits or vegetables other than grapes.因此,“wine”所指的是“葡萄酒”或者“果酒”,这跟我们中国的白酒还是有很大差异的。
那么中国的白酒,到底应该怎么说呢?首先要弄清楚的是,白酒是蒸馏酒,也是烈酒,所以我们可以用“Chinese spirits”来表示(spirit: a strong alcoholic drink烈酒);同时,我们同样也可以直接音译过来,说成“Chinese baijiu”,“one kind of distilled liquors in China”。
说到这,我们继续说一说英语当中与“酒”有关的表达:刚刚提到“wine”,其实除了表示酒的意思之外,还可以表示“酒红色,紫红色,深红色”,例如,我们可以说:a wine jacket 酒红色夹克;同时,“wine”这个词也可当动词用,比如我们经常要去餐馆大吃大喝或者用酒宴款待某人时,我们就可以说”wine and dine sb“,如:The firm spent thousands wining and dining potential clients. (这家公司成千上万地花费在大摆酒宴款待潜在客户上。
)“beer”大家都知道指的是啤酒,但是啤酒也分了“light beer”和“dark beer”,但这可不是指啤酒颜色的深浅,而是指啤酒酒精浓度的高低,我们经常所说的“黑啤”,可以用“stout”这个词来表示。
红酒的英语单词那么你想知道红酒的英语单词是什么吗?下面为大家带来红酒的英语单词和相关英语表达,欢迎大家一起学习。
红酒的英语单词:red wine英[red wain] 美[rɛd waɪn]红酒相关英语表达:波尔多红酒Bordeaux Red Wine玫瑰红酒Rose wine红酒酒具wine set一瓶红酒a bottle of wine开胃红酒appetizer wine红酒区red wine district红酒的英语单词例句:1. Felicity Maxwell stood by the bar and ordered a glass of wine.费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁,要了一杯红酒。
2. A glass of red wine keeps you in the pink.一杯红酒有益健康。
3. Let's call room service, I need a bottle of wine.我们叫客房服务吧,我要一瓶红酒。
4. He boils down red wine and uses what's left.他把红酒熬稠后再用。
5. The spicy flavours in these dishes call for reds rather than whites.这些菜的味道辛辣,应该配红酒而不是白葡萄酒。
6. Red wines should be allowed to "breathe" if possible before drinking.如果可能的话,在饮用红酒前应该先开瓶透透气。
7. Only rarely will she indulge in a glass of wine.她只是偶尔才喝杯红酒,让自己享受一下。
8. The wine was very good indeed.红酒确实非常好。
9. The power of red wine to counteract high cholesterol has beenballyhooed in the press.红酒降低胆固醇的功效被媒体夸大了。
英语中关于颜色的短语集团档案编码:[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]带有色彩单词的短语brownsugar红糖blacktea红茶redwine:红酒redsky:彩霞blackmoney:黑钱blackmarket:黑市交易或黑市bluebook:蓝皮blue-collarworkers:从事体力劳动的工人green-eyed:嫉妒/眼红greenmeat:鲜肉agreenhand:新手whitewar:没有硝烟的战争,常指“经济竞争”。
whitemoney:银币whiteelephant:昂贵却无用的物品或物主不需要但又无法处置之物whitesale:大减价greymarket:半黑市yellowpages:黄页(指分类电话簿,并非指黄书。
)ayellowdog可鄙的人,卑鄙的人YellowPages黄页(电话号码簿,用黄纸印刷)YellowBook黄皮书(法国等国家的政府报告,用黄封面装帧)blue-collarworkers蓝领阶层,指普通体力劳动者grey-collarworkers灰领阶层,指服务*行业的职员white-collarworkers白领阶层,指接受过专门技术教育的脑力劳动者pink-collarworkers粉领阶层,指职业妇女群体golden-collarpersonnel金领阶层redink赤字intheblack盈利whitegoods白色货物,指冰箱、洗衣机等外壳为白色的家电产品browngoods棕色货物,指电视、录音机、音响等外壳为棕色的电子产品。
blackdog忧郁、不开心的人blacksheep害群之马,败家子blackleg骗子白雪公主SnowWhite白色污染whitepollution百年老店century-oldshop白皮书whitepaper白色农业whiteagriculture黑车blacktaxi(ataxithatcarriespassengersillegallyandwithoutabusine sslicense)黑店gangsterinn黑客hacker黑哨blackwhistle黑社会Mafia-styleorganizations;gangland;underworldgroup黑匣子blackbox蓝牙技术bluetoothblackandblue遍体鳞伤的;青一块紫一块inblackandwhite白纸黑字;书写的;印刷的black-eyed黑眼珠的,黑眼圈的black-marketblack-letter倒霉的blackart妖术,魔法blue-blooded贵族的,系出名门的,纯种的blue-collar蓝领阶级的,工人阶级的blue-eyedboy宠儿;红人blue-ribbon头等的,第一流的blue-sky无价值的,不保险的blacktea红茶blackmoney:黑钱blackandblue青一块紫一块(而不是青一块黑一块)blacksheep害群之马,败家子Blackhorse黑马blacksmith铁匠blackdog忧郁、不开心的人ablackeye.眼睛打青blacklooks白眼seered:发怒,冒火blackandwhite:白纸黑字Blueday忧郁的日子WhiteHouse白宫whitenight不眠之夜SnowWhite白雪公主awhitenight不眠之夜whiteflag投降theWhiteHouse白宫yellowbook廉价书yellowdog忘恩负义之徒inthepink:非常健康红色红旗redflag红糖brownsugar红茶blacktearedwine红酒redruin火灾redbattle血战redsky彩霞绿色绿色green在英语中可以表示“嫉妒、眼红”,如:greenwithenvy,greenasjealousy,green-eyedmonster都是指“十分嫉妒”的意思。
第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine :半干葡萄酒Dry white wine :干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine :甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine :半甜葡萄酒Still wine :静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine :起泡葡萄酒Claret :新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine :贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine :加强葡萄酒Flavored wine :加香葡萄酒Brut wine :天然葡萄酒Carbo nated wine :加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine :佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champag ne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis :宝祖利酒Mistelle :密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy :水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor (Liqueur):禾U 口酒Gin :金酒(杜松子酒)Rum :朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky :威士忌Spirit :酒精,烈酒Cognac(Franee):科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(Franee):阿马尼亚克白兰地Sherry(Spain):雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese):波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX :波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast :野生酵母Yeast hulls :酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast :活性干酵母Bacteria :细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB):乳酸菌Lacticacid bacteria(LAB):孚L酸菌Acetic acidbacteria :醋酸菌Spoilage yeast :败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration :蒸腾作用Evaporation :蒸发Photosy nthesis :光合作用Maillard Reactio n :麦拉德反应Veraison :转色期Saturation :饱和Alcoholic ferme ntatio n(AF):酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation :发酵停滞Primary Fermentation :前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation ;二次发酵Heterofermentation :异型发酵Malolactic ferme ntatio n(MLF):苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Ferme ntatio n( MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique : CO2 浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation : CO2 浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method :宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation :厌氧发酵法Thermovinification :热浸渍酿造法Charmat method :罐式香槟法Enzymaticbrowning :酶促褐变Acetification :酸败Ageing :陈酿Sur lies :带酒脚陈酿Esterify :酯化Saccharify :糖化Liquefy : 溶解、液化Bottle aging :瓶内陈酿Amelioration :原料改良Chaptalization :加糖Distillation :蒸馏Fractional Distillation :分馏Rectification :精馏Clarification :澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Beto nite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite :硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil :锡箔Pigme nt :颜料、色素Casei n:酪蛋白Pecti n:果胶酶Silica gel :硅胶Gelatin :明胶Isin glass :鱼胶Egg white :蛋清Albumen :蛋白Blood powder :血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid :总酸Titrable acid :滴定酸Residul sugar :残糖Carbon dioxide :二氧化碳Sugar-free extract :干浸出物Volatile acid :挥发酸Sulfur dioxide :二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide :总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide :游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron (Fe):铁Potassium : W(K)Calcium (Ca):钙Sodium (Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol :甲醇High Alcohol :高级醇Polyalcohol :多元醇Ethyl acetate :乙酸乙酯Flavonol :黄酮醇Glycine :甘油Calcium Pectate :果胶酸钙Ochratoxin :棕曲霉毒素Butanol : 丁醇Isobuta nol :正丁醇Gastric Acid :胃酸Propa none :丙酮Acetic Acid :乙酸Formic Acid :甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids :磷脂Ami no Acid :氨基酸Fatty Acid :脂肪酸Carbonic Acid :碳酸Carbohydrate :碳水化合物Fixed Acid :固定酸Tartaric Acid :酒石酸Malic Acid :苹果酸Citric Acid :柠檬酸Lactic Acid :孚L酸Succinic Acid :琥珀酸Sorbic acid :山梨酸Ascorbic acid :抗坏血酸Benzyl acid :苯甲酸Gallic acid :没食子酸Ferulic Acid :阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid :香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar : 葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar : 果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides :水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase :淀粉酶Foam :泡沫Protein :蛋白质Mercaptan :硫醇Thiamine :硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt :铵盐Melanoidinen :类黑精Glycerol :甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate :柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate :硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide :硫化氢Oak (barrel):橡木(桶)Catechi ns:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold :香味阈值Maillard Reaction :美拉德反应Volatile Phenols :挥发性酚Van ilia n :香子兰VaniIlin :香草醛,香兰素Linalool :里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol :牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid :丙酮酸Fura n Aldehydes:呋喃醛Euge nol: 丁香酚Guaiacol :愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products :碳水化合物降解物Cellulose :纤维素Hemicellulose :半纤维素Hemicellulase :半纤维素酶Maltol :落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins :水解单宁Ellagitannins :鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin :原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid :鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen :多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential :氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols :多酚PVP( P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin :花青素Alcohol, ethanol :乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxyge n :氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen :氮气Aroma :果香Virus :病毒Bacteriophage :噬菌体Body :酒体Byproduct :副产物Potassium Bitartrate ( KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate :山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate : 磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin :单宁Oak tannins :橡木丹宁Un desired (Excessive ) Tannins :劣质单宁Desired tannins : 优质单宁En zyme :酶Laccase :漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO):多酚氧化酶^glucosidase :禺葡(萄)糖苷酶3-glucanase : 3■葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins :甘露糖蛋白Lees :酒泥Chateau :酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine :原酒Hygie ne : 卫生Activated carbon :活性碳Curra nt :茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry :木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump : 双向泵Screw Pump :螺杆泵Centrifuge :离心机Distillation :蒸馏Heat Excha nger :热交换器Crusher :破碎机Destemer :除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser :气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line :灌装线Plate Filtration (filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration (filter ):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration (filter):深层过滤(机) CrossFiltration (filter):错流过滤(机) MembraneFiltration (filter):膜过滤(机) SterileFiltration (filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration (filter ):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine :转瓶机Pomace Draining :出渣Blending :调配Racking :分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting :倒灌(瓶)Remuage :吐渣Fining :下胶Deacidification :降酸Pump over :循环Skin Con tact :浸皮(渍)Mix colors :调色Oxidative Ageing Method :氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method :还原陈酿法Stabilization :稳定性Ullage :未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace :顶空NTU :浊度Receiving bin :接收槽Corkscrew :开瓶器Distilling Column :蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork :软木塞Cellar :酒窖Wine Showroom :葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density (OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid :皇冠盖Bla nket:隔氧层Pasteurisation :巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农Grape Nursery :葡萄苗圃Graft :嫁接苗Scion :接穗Seedli ng :自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis :灰霉病Downy Mildew :霜霉病Powdery Mildew :白粉病Fan Leaf :扇叶病毒病An thrac nose :炭疽病Mild Powder :灰腐病Black Rotten :黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls :皮尔斯病Phylloxera :根瘤蚜Nematode :线虫Bird Damage : 鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur :石硫合剂Nursery :营养钵Herbicide :除草剂Pesticide :杀虫剂Fungicide :真菌剂Bordeaux mixture :波尔多液Microclimate :微气候Variety :品种Cluster :果穗Rachis :穗轴Scion :接穗Rootstock :砧木Grafting :嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology :葡萄酒酿造学Pomology :果树学Vinification :葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making :葡萄酒酿造Ampelography :葡萄品种学Viniculture :葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker :酿酒师Vin tage :年份Inoculation (inoculum):接种(物)MOG (material other than grapes):杂物Terpe ne :萜烯Terpe nol :萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C :法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S :优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P :地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒德国:1. Tafelwein :日常餐酒;2. Landwein :地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswei n bestimmter Anbaugebiete :简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat :简称QmP,特别优质酒。
英语中七种主要颜色词的含义色彩与人类的生活息息相关,是人类认识世界的一个重要领域。
色彩不仅具有物理属性,还有着丰富的文化内涵和延伸意义。
世界各民族语言表达颜色的词语多寡不一,分类各异。
汉语中有赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫等基本颜色词,英语中有red红,white白,black黑,green绿,yellow黄,blue蓝,brown棕等基本颜色词,从中可以看出英语和汉语中对基本颜色词的分类差别不大。
但是,颜色词除表示其具体实际的色彩外,还会由于不同国家的不同文化而具有不同的涵义。
例如:白色在汉语中总是和恐惧、死亡和不吉利联系在一起,如白日做梦、白色恐怖、白云仓狗,在中国,许多民族的人们在亲人去世参加葬礼时必须穿白色衣服,因为在他们的文化里白色代表着死亡。
但是在英语中白色则类同于无色,是纯洁无暇的象征,所以西方女子在结婚的时候会身着一袭白色的婚纱步入教堂。
可见各种颜色对于不同民族的人而言,在视觉和心理上所引发的联想和象征意义也不尽相同,我们在阅读和翻译时应特别注意其中的差异。
下面就英语中几个主要颜色词分别举例略做说明。
1.red红色在汉语文化中红色往往和喜庆、幸福、吉祥联系在一起,如红红火火的日子、红光满面的老人、一身红衣的新娘、节日里的红灯笼、迎接贵宾的红地毯等等有太多的好事和红色相关联。
在英语中红色有时可以完全和汉语对应,如red flag(红旗)、red wine(红酒)、red 1etter days(纪念日,喜庆的日子),在西方一般指圣诞节或其他节日,因为这些日子在日历上是用红色标明的,所以red 1etter的转义就是“可纪念的、喜庆的”O(普通的日子印的是黑色。
)又如to paint the town red表示“狂欢”、“痛饮”、“胡闹”,多指夜生活中的狂欢作乐,饮酒胡闹,不是“把全城染红”We will roll out the red carpet for the delegation red carpet在句中的意思是隆重的接待或欢迎。
最诱人的红酒英文广告宣传语Red wine is a timeless classic that has been enjoyed for centuries. With its rich, complex flavors and deep, vibrant colors, it’s no wonder that red wine is one of the most popular alcoholic beverages in the world. However, with so many different types of red wines available, it can be difficult to decide which one to choose. That’s where marketing comes to the rescue- with their over the top and sometimes cheesy slogans highlighting the best of each wine. In this document, we will explore some of the most tempting red wine advertising slogans, which will not only make you thirsty but also leave you craving a glass of the velvety, smooth drink.1) “A taste worth savouring, a flavor worth treasuring” This slogan speaks to the quality of the wine –it’s not just a beverage to wash down your meal but something to be appreciated, sipped and enjoyed to its fullest potential.2) “Where flavor meets finesse” What makes red wine so appealing is the rich flavors and depth brought by the winemaker’s expertise and care. This slogan emphasizes that every sip of the wine is not only packed with natural flavors but also the winemaker’s finesse.3) “A kiss from the grape” – This slogan is catchy while describing the deliciousness of red wine. It’s creativ e and makes you imagine a sweet, juicy kiss from a bunch of grapes.4) “There’s no wrong time for red wine” – A play on the famous “There’s no wrong time for pancakes,” this slogan makes the wine not just an evening affair but an all-day beverage that fits in at any time of the day.5) “Life is too short to drink bad wine,” – This slogan works well as everyone likes to indulge in something that’s decadent and worthwhile, so it makes the audience ponder whether they want to waste their valuable taste buds drinking something subpar.6) “Let the wine breathe, then let it speak” – Red wine is best enjoyed after decanting or opening the bottle. This slogan promotes savoring the time it takes to let the wine breathe before indulging in its exquisite taste.7) “Fall in love with the velvety, smooth texture of our wine” – Texture is an essential part of any wine, and this slogan puts the focus on the luxurious, velvety feel the wine leaves on your tongue.8) “Experience the boldness of a great red” – Boldness is a trait that is often associated with red wine. It draws attention to the distinctiveness of the full-bodied wine that cannot be ignored.9) “Join the journey of our grapes from vine to bottle” – This slogan engages the audience’s senses, allowing them to see themselves as part of the process from the vineyard to your glass.10) “Take a break and escape the world with every sip” – Life can be hectic, and red wine is known to be a temporary getaway, allowing you to pause and enjoy the moment. This slogan focuses on the indulgent experience of drinking red wine that can let your worries fade away.In conclusion, marketing slogans drive sales and build awareness by capturing the essence of an excellent red wine. The slogans mentioned above are but a few examples of how creative advertisements help wineries differentiate their brands from competitors, make the wines more desirable and ultimately leads customers to indulge in the tasteful red drink.。
我们来比较一下英汉两种语言中一些常见颜色词汇的异同。
A. red(红色)无论是在英语国家还是在中国,红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。
因为日历中,这些日子常用红色字体。
因此,red letter day:指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。
红色还指“负债”或“亏损”,因为人们总是用红笔登记负数。
于是就有了这些词组:red figure:赤字red ink:赤字in the red:亏损red-ink entry:赤字分录red balance:赤字差额除此之外,还有如?red cent:一分钱;red gold:纯金;red tip on stock market:指股票市场的最新情报汉语中常用的带“红”字的词语,翻译成英语,可不一定用“red”。
例如:红糖:brown sugar红茶:black tea红榜:honour roll红豆:love pea红运:good luck红利:dividend红事:weddingred wine:红酒red ruin:火灾red battle:血战red sky:彩霞B. black(黑色)在英语中经常有“不好的”、“坏的”、“邪恶的”这种意味。
例如:black money:黑钱(指来源不正当而且没有向政府报税的钱)black market:黑市交易或黑市(意为暗中进行政府禁止买卖的商品或外汇的交易,或指进行违法的投机市场);由此派生出black market price:黑市价格另外,英语中,和红色墨水是记帐时的意思相反,黑色还可表示盈利。
例如:black figure / in the black:盈利、赚钱、顺差又如black figure nation:国际收支顺差国interest in the black:应收利息C. blue(蓝色)在英语中通常表示不快乐、忧郁的情绪。
如:in a blue mood:情绪低沉还常用来表示社会地位高、有权势或出身贵族或王族。
食物的英语单词食物的英语单词在我们日常生活中,食物就见得多,你知道关于食物的英语单词你又知道多少呢?以下是店铺收集整理好,欢迎参考!关于食物的英语单词大全海鲜类(sea food):虾仁Peeled Prawns 龙虾lobster 小龙虾crayfish(退缩者) 蟹crab 蟹足crab claws 小虾(虾米) shrimp 对虾、大虾 prawn (烤)鱿鱼(toast)squid 海参 sea cucumber 扇贝 scallop 鲍鱼 sea-ear abalone 小贝肉cockles 牡蛎oyster 鱼鳞scale 海蜇jellyfish鳖海龟turtle 蚬蛤 clam 鲅鱼 culter 鲳鱼 butterfish 虾籽 shrimp egg 鲢鱼银鲤鱼chub silver carp 黄花鱼 yellow croaker调料类(seasonings):seasoning 调味品caviar 鱼子酱barbeque sauce 沙茶酱tomato ketchup, tomato sauce 番茄酱mustard 芥茉salt 盐sugar 糖monosodium glutamate , gourmet powder 味精vinegar 醋sweet 甜sour 酸bitter 苦lard 猪油peanut oil 花生油soy sauce 酱油green pepper 青椒paprika 红椒 star anise 八角cinnamon 肉挂curry 咖喱maltose 麦芽糖主食类(staple food):三文治 sandwich 米饭rice 粥 congee (rice soup) 汤 soup 饺子dumpling 面条noodle 比萨饼pizza 方便面instant noodle 香肠sausage 面包 bread 黄油 (白塔油)butter 茶叶蛋 Tea eggs 油菜 rape 饼干 cookies 咸菜(泡菜)pickle 馒头 steamed bread 饼(蛋糕)cake 汉堡 hamburger 火腿ham 奶酪 cheese 馄饨皮 wonton skin 高筋面粉Strong flour 小麦wheat 大麦barley 青稞highland barley 高粱broomcorn (kaoliang )春卷Spring rolls 芋头Taro 山药yam 鱼翅shark fin 黄花 daylily 松花蛋皮蛋preserved eggs 春卷 spring roll 肉馅饼minced pie 糙米Brown rice 玉米 corn 馅儿 stuffing 开胃菜 appetizer 面粉 flour 燕麦 oat 白薯甘薯 sweet potato牛排 steak 里脊肉 fillet 凉粉 bean jelly 糯米江米 sticky rice 燕窝bird’s nest 粟 Chinese corn 肉丸子meat balls 枳橙citrange 点心(中式)dim sum 淀粉starch 蛋挞 egg tart干果类(dry fruits):腰果 Cashew nuts 花生 peanut 无花果fig 榛子filbert hazel 栗子chestnut 核桃 walnut 杏仁almond 果脯 preserved fruit 芋头taro 葡萄干raisin cordial 开心果 pistachion 巴西果 brazil nut 菱角荸荠water chestnut (和国内食用法不同,做坚果食用)酒水类(beverage):红酒 red wine 白酒 white wine 白兰地 brandy 葡萄酒 sherry 汽水(软饮料) soda (盐)汽水sparkling water 果汁juice 冰棒 Ice-lolly 啤酒beer 酸奶 yoghurt 伏特加酒vodka 鸡尾酒cocktail 豆奶 soy milk 豆浆soybean milk 七喜7 UP 麒麟(日本啤酒kirin) 凉开水cold boiled water 汉斯啤酒 Hans beer 浓缩果汁 concentrated juice 冰镇啤酒iced(chilled ) beer 札幌(日本啤酒)Sapporo 爱尔啤酒(美国)ale A级牛奶 grand A milk 班图酒bantu beer 半干雪利 dry sark 参水牛奶 blue milk 日本粗茶 bancha 生啤酒 draft beer 白啤酒 white beer <苏格兰>大麦酒barley-bree 咖啡伴侣coffee mate 零食类(snack):mint 薄荷糖cracker饼干, biscuit饼干, 棒棒糖bonbon 茶tea (沏茶 make the tea) 话梅prune candied plum 锅巴 rice crust 瓜子melon seed 冰棒(冰果) ice(frozen) sucker 冰淇凌ice cream 防腐剂preservative 圣代冰淇淋 sundae 巧克力豆 marble chocolate barley 布丁pudding【食物的英语单词】。
葡萄酒分类Dryredwine⼲红葡萄酒Semi-drywine半⼲第⼀部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:⼲红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半⼲葡萄酒Dry white wine:⼲⽩葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静⽌葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加⾹葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加⽓起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:⾹槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:⽩兰地Fruit brandy:⽔果⽩兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣⽩兰地Grape brandy:葡萄⽩兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利⼝酒Gin:⾦酒(杜松⼦酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky:威⼠忌Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄⽛)BDX:波尔多红酒第⼆部分酿酒微⽣物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野⽣酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌⽪Dry activity yeast:活性⼲酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分⽣理⽣化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作⽤Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作⽤Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转⾊期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;⼆次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式⾹槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润⼟(皂⼟)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻⼟Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、⾊素Casein:酪蛋⽩Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋⽩Blood powder:⾎粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:⼆氧化碳Sugar-free extract:⼲浸出物Volatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:⼆氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总⼆氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离⼆氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:⾼级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:⼄酸⼄酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:⽢油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:⼄酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳⽔化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒⽯酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:⼭梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏⾎酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没⾷⼦酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:⾹⾖酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:⽔解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋⽩质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类⿊精Glycerol:⽢油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Oak (barrel) :橡⽊(桶)Catechins:⼉茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:⾹味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应Volatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:⾹⼦兰Vanillin:⾹草醛,⾹兰素Linalool:⾥那醇,沉⾹醇Geroniol:牻⽜⼉醇,⾹茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁⾹酚Guaiacol:愈创⽊酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳⽔化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松⽪素Oak Lactone:橡⽊内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:⽔解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花⾊素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚⼄烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:⼄醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧⽓Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮⽓Aroma:果⾹Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒⽯酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:⼭梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢⼆铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡⽊丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:⽢露糖蛋⽩Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫⽣Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗⼦属植物、⽆核⼩葡萄⼲Raspberry:⽊莓、⼭莓、覆盆⼦、悬钩⼦第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离⼼机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:⽓囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(⽪渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸⽪(渍)Mix colors:调⾊Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软⽊塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第⼋部分:原料、病⾍害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:⾃根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Powdery Mildew:⽩粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:⿊腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:⽪尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线⾍Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆⾍Lime Sulphur:⽯硫合剂Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀⾍剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微⽓候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧⽊Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第⼗部分葡萄酒等级A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:⽇常餐酒第⼗⼀部分葡萄分类及部分品种⼀、葡萄分类Vitaceae:葡萄科Vine:葡萄树American Vine:美洲种葡萄Franco-american:欧美杂交种Hybrid:杂交品种Wild Grape(Vine):野⽣葡萄Cultivar:栽培品种Wine Grape:酿酒葡萄Table Grape:鲜⾷葡萄Seedless Grape:⽆核(籽)葡萄Grape(Vine) Variety:葡萄品种⼆、红葡萄品种:Cabernet Sauvignon(France):⾚霞珠Cabernet Franc(France):品丽珠Cabernet Gernischt(France) :蛇龙珠Carignan:佳利酿Sinsaut(France) :神索Gamay(France) :佳美Grenache(Spain) :歌海娜Merlot(France) :梅⿅辄Petit Verdot (France) :味尔多Pinot Noir(France) :⿊⽐诺Ruby Cabernet(America) :宝⽯解百纳Sangiovese(Italy) :桑娇维塞Syrah(France) :西拉Zinfandel(America) :增芳德Muscat Hamburg:玫瑰⾹Saperavi(Former Soviet Union):晚红蜜三、⽩葡萄品种:Aligote(France) :阿⾥⾼特Chardonney(France) :霞多丽Chenin Blanc(France) :⽩诗南Italian Riesling:贵⼈⾹Grey Risling:灰雷司令White Riesling(Germany) :⽩雷司令Muller-Thurgau(germany) :⽶勒Muscat Blanc:⽩麝⾹Pinot Blanc(France:)⽩品乐Sauvignon Blanc(France) :长相思Selillon(France) :赛美蓉Silvaner(Germany) :西万尼Ugni Blanc(France) :⽩⽟霓Folle Blanche(France) :⽩福尔Colombard(France) :鸽笼⽩Long Yan(China,Changcheng):龙眼Rkatsiteli (Former Soviet Union):⽩⽻四、染⾊品种:Alicante Bouschet(France) :紫北塞Yan 73(China,Changyu) :烟73Yan 74(China,Changyu) :烟74第⼗⼆部分葡萄酒品尝Taste:品尝Clarity:清澈、透明Transparent:透明的Sensation;感觉Bitter Flavors:苦味Off-flavor, Off-smell, Odour:异味Stemmy:果梗味Reduction Smell:还原味Oxidative Smell:氧化味Harmony:协调性Odour:⽓味Olfactory:嗅觉的Scent:植物⾹⽓Aroma:果⾹Bouquet:酒⾹Body:酒体Perception:感觉Amber:琥珀⾊的Ruby:宝⽯红⾊Tawny:黄褐⾊Violet:紫罗兰⾊Brown:褐⾊的Round:圆润的Full:完整的、丰满的Harmonious:协调的Supple:柔顺的Soft:柔软的Smooth:平滑的Mellower:醇美的Lively:充满活⼒的Rich:饱满的,馥郁的Fine:细腻的Fresh:清新的Well-balanced:平衡良好的Subtle:微妙的, 精细的Velvety:柔软的、温和的、柔顺的Fragrant:芳⾹的、⾹⽓幽雅的Flowery:花⾹的Syrupy:美妙的、甜美的Mellow:⽢美的、圆润的、松软的Luscious:⽢美的、芬芳的Tranquil:恬静的Spicy:⾟辣的Tart:尖酸的Harsh,Hard:粗糙的Lighter:清淡的、轻盈的Thin:单薄的Flat:平淡的Unbalanced:不平衡的Spoiled,Unsound:败坏的Fuller:浓郁的Vinous:酒⾹的Coarse:粗糙的、粗劣的Piquant:开胃的、⾟辣的Tart:尖酸的、刻薄的Astringent:收敛的、苦涩的Conflict:不和谐的Stale:⾛味的,沉滞的Dull:呆滞的、⽆活⼒的Sulphur Taste:硫味Hydrogen Sulphide odour:硫化氢味Taste of Lees:酒泥味Mousiness:⿏臭味Corked Taste,Corkiness,Corky:⽊塞味ouldy Taste,Musty Taste:霉味Cooked Taste:⽼化味Resinous:树脂味Casky (Woody )Taste:橡⽊味,⽊味Smoke Taste:烟熏味Metallic Flavour:⾦属味Earthy Taste:泥⼟味Herbaceous Taste:青草味After Taste:后味第⼗三部分葡萄酒欣赏与服务Wine Bar:酒吧Sommelier:斟酒服务员Label:酒标Water Jar:斟酒壶Wine Funnel:斟酒漏⽃Decanter:细颈玻璃壶Beverage:饮料Soft Drink:软饮料Tumbler:⼤酒杯、酒桶Palate:味觉、鉴赏⼒Bouquet:⾹味Ice-Bucket:冰桶Fruity:果味的Subside:沉淀物第⼗四部分葡萄酒营养物质名词Nutrition:营养素Free Amino Nitrogen(FAN) :游离氨基酸氮Sterol:甾醇Vitamin:维⽣素Tocopherol:VE,⽣育酚Thiamine:VB1,硫胺素Flavin:黄素Riboflavin:VB2,核黄素Nicotinic Acid:烟酸第⼗五部分葡萄酒分析Determination:检测Titration:滴定Dilute:稀释Litmus Paper:⽯蕊试纸Reagent:试剂Goggle:护⽬镜Flask:烧瓶Beaker:烧杯(带倾⼝)Distilled Water:蒸馏⽔Hydrometer:液体⽐重计Refractometer:⼿持糖量仪High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):⾼效液相⾊谱Paper Chromatography:纸层析法Specific Gravity:⽐重Sodium Hydroxide:氢氧化钠(NaOH)Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate:邻苯⼆甲酸氢钾Phenolphthalein:酚酞Pipette:移液管Erlenmeyer Flask:锥形烧瓶Activated Charcoal:活性碳Whatman Filter Paper:沃特曼滤纸PH-meter:PH计Titration End-point:滴定终点Buffer Solution:缓冲液Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate:酒⽯酸氢钾Calibrate:校准Electrode:电极Starch Indicator:淀粉指⽰剂Sulphuric Acid:硫酸Pyrex Beaker:耐热烧杯Potassium Iodide:碘化钾(KI)Sodium Thiosulphate:硫代硫酸钠(NaS2SO3)Hydrogen Peroxide:过氧化氢(H2O2)Orthophosphoric Acid:正磷酸Methyl-red:甲基红Ebullioscope(Ebullimeter):酒精计Thermometer:温度计Pycnometer:⽐重瓶Formic Acid:甲酸(蚁酸)Sodium Formate:甲酸钠Bromophenol Blue:溴酚蓝Agar Plating:琼脂平板培养基Chocolate Agar:巧克⼒琼脂Corn Meal Agar:⽟⽶粉琼脂Egg Albumin Agar:卵蛋⽩琼脂Glycerin Agar:⽢油琼脂Malt Agar:麦芽汁琼脂(培养基)Nutrient Agar:营养琼脂Plain Agar:普通琼脂Starch Agar:淀粉琼脂Potato-dextrose Agar(P.D.A):⼟⾖-葡萄糖培养基Autoclave:⾼压锅,灭菌锅Petri Dishes:灭菌盘Low-magnification Microscope:低倍显微镜Micro-loop:接种环Micro-needle:接种针Alcohol Lamp:酒精灯第⼗六部分葡萄酒病害Copper Casse:铜破败病Ferric Casse:铁破败病Proteinic Casse:蛋⽩质破败病Blue Casse:蓝⾊破败病White Casse:⽩⾊破败病Oxidasic Casse:氧化酶破败病Micobial Disease:细菌病害Mannitic Disease:⽢露醇病。
英语中与颜色有关的习语颜色与人类的生活息息相关,我们无时无刻不在与颜色打交道。
大千世界的颜色种类无穷无尽,在语言中也有鲜明生动的体现。
A. red(红色)red wine 红酒red battle 血战red sky 彩霞see red 勃然大怒in the red 有赤字;欠债;亏空not have a red cent 一名不文;囊中空空red face 尴尬而脸红;窘迫相red tape 繁文缛节;官样文章;官僚作风paint the town red 狂欢;痛饮作乐;花天酒地B. black(黑色)black money:黑钱(指来源不正当而且没有向政府报税的钱)Black Friday耶稣受难日; 黑色星期五; 灾难性的一天; 美国感恩节的第二天,通常也叫Black Friday通常标志着Christmas Shopping Season的开始in the black 盈利、赚钱、顺差black and blue 青一块紫一块;遍体鳞伤;伤痕累累(in) black and white 黑白分明;不是好就是坏;非此即彼a black lie 用心险恶的谎言 a black look 生气(或不赞许)的表情a black eye (事故、挨打等造成的)青黑色的眼眶a black mark (against sb.) (不利于某人的)污点,短处the black market (买卖外币或紧俏商品的)黑市a/ the black sheep (of the family) 败家子;害群之马in black and white 白字黑纸look black 希望渺茫;前途一片黑暗black tea红茶black horse黑马,比喻竞赛或竞选中的意外获胜者C. blue(蓝色)in a blue mood:be in the blues 闷闷不乐情绪低沉blue blood贵族血统;名门望族sb’s blue-eyed boy 某人的红人once in a blue moon 千载难逢;极难得;破天荒地a blue Monday 倒霉的星期一blue book:蓝皮书blue talk 下流的言论D. green(绿色)give sb. the green light 给某人开绿灯get the green light 得到许可做某事a green hand 新手a green thumb/ green fingers 精通园艺green with envy 非常嫉妒;充满妒意green power:“金钱的力量”或“财团”a green wound新伤口in the green 血气方刚a green old age老当益壮as green as grass幼稚,无生活经验E. white(白色)a white Christmas(下雪的)白色圣诞节 a white elephant:昂贵又无用之物a white war:没有硝烟的战争,常指“经济竞争”。
世界顶级红酒大全红酒(Red wine)是葡萄酒的通称,并不一定特指红葡萄酒。
不知从何时起,红酒成为了优雅、浪漫和健康的代名词。
红酒因品种、土壤、酿酒技术及气候等因素的差异,各产地酿出的酒各有其独特的风味,带给每个人的视觉、嗅觉及味觉感受都不相同。
可以说,红酒是自然和时间完美结合后的佳酿,值得每一个饮酒的人去慢慢体味。
一、按色泽分类1、红葡萄酒:选择用皮红肉白或皮肉皆红的葡萄,采用皮、汁混合发酵,然后进行分离陈酿而成的葡萄酒,这类酒的色泽应呈自然宝石红色、紫红色、石榴红色,失去自然感的黄褐、棕褐或土褐颜色,不符合红葡萄酒色泽要求。
2、白葡萄酒:用白葡萄或皮红肉白的葡萄分离发酵制成。
酒的颜色微黄带绿,近似无色或浅黄、禾秆黄、金黄。
凡深黄、土黄、棕黄或褐黄等色,均不符合白葡萄酒的色泽要求。
3、桃红葡萄酒:用带色的红葡萄带皮发酵或分离发酵制成。
酒色为淡红、桃红、橘红或玫瑰色。
凡色泽过深或过浅均不符合桃红葡萄酒的要求。
这一类葡萄酒在风味上具有新鲜感和明显的果香,含单宁不宜太高。
玫瑰香葡萄、黑比诺、佳利酿、法国蓝等品种都适合酿制桃红葡萄酒。
另红、白葡萄酒按一定比例勾兑也可算是桃红葡萄酒。
二、按含糖量分类1、干葡萄酒(dry)糖含量小于或等于4g/L的葡萄酒,或者当总糖和总酸(酒石酸,下同)的差值小于或等于2.0g/L,酒的糖含量高达9.0g/l。
这种类型品尝不出甜味,具有洁净、幽雅、香气和谐的果香和酒香。
2、半干葡萄酒(semi-dry)含糖量一般为4-12g/l之间,或者当总糖与总酸的差值小于或等于2.0g/l时,含糖量最高为18.0g/l的葡萄酒。
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微具甜感,酒的口味洁净、幽雅、味觉圆润,具有和谐愉悦的果香和酒香。
3、半甜葡萄酒(semi-sweet)含糖量在12~45g/L,具有甘甜、爽顺、舒愉的果香和酒香。
check wine 名牌酒wine 酒(尤指葡萄酒;果子酒;药酒),使人振作[沉醉]的东西;请...喝酒; 用葡萄酒招待a barrel [bottle,glass] of wine一桶[瓶,杯]葡萄酒strong wine 烈酒winebottle 酒瓶winebowl (=wine-cup) 大酒杯;酒碗;酒癖wine-colo(u)red 深红色的winegrower 种葡萄并酿酒的人winehouse 酒馆winetaster 品酒人、品酒用的小酒杯Wine vault 酒窖酒店,酒吧间wineless 无酒的aerated wine 充气葡萄酒aged wine 陈酒, 陈酿葡萄酒appetizer wine开胃葡萄酒apple wine 苹果酒, 发泡苹果酒aromatized wine 加香葡萄酒astringent wine 涩味葡萄酒barley wine 大麦酒bee wine 发酵酒bulk wine 桶装葡萄酒citrus wine 柑桔酒clove wine丁香葡萄酒cooled wine 冰镇酒cut wine 调配葡萄酒effervescent wine 发泡葡萄酒fortified wine 强化酒;加酒精的葡萄酒fruit wine 果酒full-tasting wine 酒味浓重的葡萄酒gasified wine 葡萄汽酒, 汽酒generic wine 原产地类型葡萄酒glutinous rice wine 糯米酒, 黄酒heavy wine 浓酒,烈酒,味醇厚的酒hedge wine 劣质酒, 劣质葡萄酒light wine 低度葡萄酒(糖分, 酒度低)medium-dry wine 半干葡萄酒semi-dry wine 半干葡萄酒mild wine 低度酒modified wine 葡萄加糖发酵制成的酒natural wine 自然发酵的葡萄酒, 自然发酵酒neutral wines 中性酒pink wine 桃红葡萄酒rich wine 浓酒ripe wine 醇酒, 陈酒roughwine 涩味葡萄酒Shao-Hsing rice wine 绍兴酒, 绍兴糯米黄酒sound wine 正统葡萄酒, 安康的葡萄酒(指无病害的酒)sparkling wine 汽酒吗sweet wine 甜酒你table wine 佐餐葡萄酒yeast wine 酒母开胃酒〔Aperitif〕、白葡萄酒〔White Wine〕、红葡萄酒〔Red Wine〕、甜点酒〔Dessert/Sweet〕、餐后酒〔Liquor〕葡萄酒的酒精度一般在8%~14%,而加强型葡萄酒的酒精度在15%~22%之间由酿酒葡萄变成了葡萄酒,会发生一系列的化学反响,酒的营养和成分比葡萄要丰富多了。
红酒化学成分分析红酒(Red wine)是葡萄、蓝莓等水果经过传统及科学方法相结合进行发酵的果酒。
主要原料就是葡萄、水、二氧化硫。
1、80%的水。
这是生物学意义上的纯水,是由葡萄树直接从土壤中汲取的。
2、红酒中的乙醇含量大约占据7%-17%的比例,所以大部分的葡萄酒酒精含量不会很高,经由糖分发酵后所得,它略甜,而且给葡萄酒以芳醇的味道。
3、剩下的不到10%的其它物质才是红酒的颜色、味道、香气的来源。
酸:葡萄酒中的酸主要有两大类:葡萄浆果本身的酸:酒石酸、苹果酸和微量柠檬酸;发酵产生的酸:乳酸、琥珀酸和醋酸等。
酸是葡萄酒很重要的成分。
酸有好坏之分,好的酸品尝起来让人口感愉悦。
糖:葡萄酒中的糖通常是浆果中未经发酵的部分。
干型葡萄酒的含糖量低于4g/L,而甜型葡萄酒中的含糖量可达到80g/L或更高。
如果葡萄的含糖量不够,发酵的时候可以通过加糖(Chaptalisation)的方式来提升酒精度。
当然,这在一些地方是不允许的。
芳香物质: 香味一般分三类,第一类是果香,比如说桑果、樱桃、柠檬、各种花的香味等;第二类是酿造过程中带来的香味,比如说来自橡木桶的香草、烟熏、咖啡、巧克力味道等;第三类一般指的是有点陈年的老酒的香气,比如说甘草、蘑菇、饼干、动物香等。
单宁:酒到了口里有较涩的感觉,这就是单宁的味道,它是葡萄酒的骨架,是葡萄酒天然的防腐剂,同时也是葡萄酒陈年所必备的。
它来自葡萄的皮和梗以及橡木桶。
好的单宁非常的细腻,差的单宁较为粗糙。
红葡萄酒的单宁比白葡萄酒高,因为红葡萄酒是带皮发酵的。
的花青素:色素取决于葡萄的品种,颜色深浅与葡萄浸润时间、受氧化程度、储存容器材料、橡木桶储存时间长短等因素相关。
果香混合物:它可以分为3个类型,第一是来自葡萄本身的果香,第二是酒精发酵时产生的气,第三是陈年过程中产生的香气。
在葡萄酒中,还含有很多其它的物质,如甘油、酯类、高级酯、脂肪酸、多种矿物质(包括微量元素)、微量的二氧化碳、三氧化硫以及多种维生素(VB1、VB2、VB6、VB12、Vc、Vh、Vp等)和各种氨基酸。
红酒培训资料红酒文化知识篇Red Wine红酒一般是红葡萄酒的简称。
酿制红酒的时候,葡萄皮和葡萄肉是同时压榨的,红酒中所含的红色色素,就是在压榨葡萄皮的时候释放出的。
就因为这样,所有红酒的色泽才是红的。
如果酿制白葡萄酒,则只是压榨葡萄肉并进行酿制。
红酒的成分红酒的成分相当复杂,最多的是水分,占百分之八十以上,其次是酒精,一般在百分之十至百分之十三,剩余的物质超过1000种,比较重要的有300多钟。
红酒其他重要的成分如酒酸,果性,矿物质和单宁酸等。
虽然这些物质所占的比例不高,却是酒质优劣的决定性因素。
质优味美的红酒,是因为它们能呈现一种组织结构的平衡,使人在味觉上有无穷的享受。
红酒的酿制过程第一套一,第一道是去梗,也就是把葡萄果粒从梳子状的枝梗上取下来。
因枝梗含有特别多的单宁酸,在酒液中有一股令人不快的味道。
二,压榨果粒。
酿制红酒的时候,葡萄皮和葡萄肉是同时压榨的,红酒中所含的红色色素,就是在压榨葡萄皮的时候释放出的。
就因为这样,所有红酒的色泽才是红的。
三,榨汁和发酵。
经过榨汁后,就可得到酿酒的原料——葡萄汁。
有了酒汁就可酿制好酒。
葡萄酒是透过发酵作用而得的产物。
经过发酵,葡萄中所含的糖份会逐渐转成酒精和二氧化碳。
因此,在发酵过程中,糖分越来越少,而酒精度则越来越高。
通过缓慢的发酵过程,可酿出口味芳香细致的红葡萄酒。
四,添加二氧化硫。
要想保持葡萄酒的果味和鲜度,就必须在发酵过程后立刻添加二氧化硫处理。
二氧化硫可以阻止由空气中的氧使葡萄酒所引起的氧化作用。
新酒在发酵后大约3周左右,必须进行第一次沉淀与换桶。
第二次沉淀要4至6周。
沉淀的次数和时间上的顺序,完全就是所要达到的口味。
五,葡萄酒在桶中存了3至9个月以后,就要装瓶了。
以前,葡萄酒瓶以软木塞来封口,现在(2001年以后)很多科技革新的装瓶厂都采用新式的真空密封的旋转式酒瓶。
第二套A. 除梗:所谓除梗,是指为了避免葡萄酒中有多余的苦涩味道,而将梗从果实上除去。
Red wine 红葡萄酒Rosé(法国的)玫瑰葡萄酒Burgundy Red 法国勃艮第红酒(指葡萄产地为法国勃艮第地区的红酒)Bordeaux 法国波尔多葡萄酒(指葡萄产地为法国波尔多地区的红酒)Okolehao 夏威夷烧酒; 芋薯烧酒Orgeat 杏仁橘花香茶一种用于鸡尾酒和食物中的、含有桔子与杏仁的甜作料;杏仁糖浆(鸡尾酒的一种配料或食品的香料, 不含酒精); 杏仁桔花香茶(一种不含酒精的清凉甜饮料) Ouzo 茴香烈酒,无色、不甜且有茴香味的希腊酒;希腊产的饭后酒之一种Pernod 法国绿茴香酒Perry 梨子酒,一种由梨发酵制成、常常起泡的饮料Pick-me-up 提神饮料,兴奋剂一种饮料,通常是含酒精的饮料,作为兴奋剂或治疗头痛的饮料服用Pig sweat [美俚]啤酒; 劣酒Pina colada 冰镇果汁朗姆酒Pisco 皮斯科酒(秘鲁皮斯科城酿造的白兰地酒, 因而得名)Pizen [美俚]威士忌酒; 酒Plonk 便宜的酒;劣质酒;<英>劣等廉价葡萄酒Pombe (中非和东非地区用小米等制的)非洲酒;非洲粟酒, 梨酒Port (葡萄牙)波尔多红葡萄酒Porter [英](= porter's beer)黑啤酒Posset 牛奶甜酒,一种热的甜牛奶加酒或啤酒制成的香味饮料;牛奶酒(热牛奶加酒及香料等, 旧时常用以治感冒等)Poteen (Potheen) 私酿的经蒸馏的爱尔兰威士忌酒;[爱]私造威士忌酒, 卜丁酒Punch 宾治,(酒、水、糖等制成的)五味酒Raki (Rakee) 土耳其白兰地,土耳其和巴尔干半岛产的一种白兰地,用葡萄或李子蒸馏制得,并用大茴香调味;(用葡萄汁制成的)拉基烧酒; 梅酒Ratafia (Ratafee) 果味甜酒,一种有果仁味道或杏仁味的甜酒;果味酒饼干,一种具有果味酒味的饼干Retsina 有松脂香味的希腊葡萄酒Rickey 利克酒,一种苏打水、酸橙或柠檬汁、糖,通常还有杜松子酒的饮料Riesling 雷斯林白葡萄酒无甜味或甜味白葡萄酒,类似于莱茵葡萄酒;雷司令(一种干白葡萄酒)(商标名称);一种浓烈莱茵白葡萄酒Rotgut 劣等酒,一种搀假的次等酒Ruby 红葡萄酒; (拳击)血; [pl.]嘴Rum 朗姆酒,糖蜜酒,从发酵的糖蜜或甘蔗中提取的一种含酒精的液体,甜酒Sake(Saki) 日本清酒,一种由发酵的米制成的日本酒Samshu 烧酒, 白酒Sangria (Sangaree) 桑格里厄汽酒,用红葡萄酒或白葡萄酒加白兰地酒、糖、果汁、苏打水混合制成的冷饮;西班牙式桑格利亚汽酒Satin [俚]杜松子酒-- white satin[俚]杜松子酒, 烧酒Sauce [美俚] 烈酒Sauterne(s) (法国产的)苏特恩白葡萄酒,法国波尔多地区的精酿甜白葡萄酒;一种产于加利福尼亚的中性干白甜葡萄酒Sazerac [美]萨塞拉克鸡尾酒(一种有苦味, 加苦艾酒的威士忌鸡尾酒)Schnap(p)s 荷兰杜松子酒;烈酒Schnapps 烈性干酒,任一种烈性干酒,如烈性荷兰杜松子酒Scotch mist 苏格兰山地常见的(浓雾); [谑]雨; (一种用刨冰加苏格兰威士忌酒合成的)鸡尾酒Scrumpy (英国西南部产的)苹果烈酒Shandy (Gaff) 一种搀干姜汁麦酒或柠檬汁的啤酒Sherry 雪利酒,一种西班牙南部产的高浓度葡萄酒,味道从干到甜,颜色从黄褐色到棕色不一Short (常用小杯饮用的)烈性的(酒)Shrub 果汁甜酒,一种由果浆、糖和水制成的饮料,如糖蜜酒或白兰地;果汁甜酒(果汁加糖及少量rum 酒等做成的饮料, 通常叫rum-shrub)Sling 斯林酒一种由白兰地、威士忌或杜松子酒制成的饮料,加糖,通常还用柠檬调味Snake (劣质)威士忌酒Sneaky pete [美俚]劣等酒; 酒渣Soave (意大利)苏瓦韦白葡萄酒(一种不带甜味的白葡萄酒)Spirit 烈酒;含酒精饮料,尤指非发酵的烈酒-- ardent spirits烧酒, 烈性酒; 火酒;British plain Spirits英国的寻常烧酒; 无香味、甜味的英国酒精(英税法用语);Distillate spirits白酒, 蒸馏酒;fruit spirits(水)果(制蒸馏)酒;Grape spirit葡萄蒸馏酒;lavender spirit熏衣草酒;Malt spirits麦芽制成的蒸馏酒;Natural spirits天然蒸馏酒;neutral spirit酒精;Overproof spirit过浓的酒; 超标准酒;Potable spirit饮料酒;Rrectified spirit精馏酒精;Rye spirit黑麦酒精;Surgical spirit酒精;Underproof spirit不合格酒精; 不合标准的酒精;Wine spirit葡萄(汁发酵)蒸馏酒;Spirit of hartshorn鹿角酒;Proof spirit标准度数的酒;含标准酒精的酒Spritzer 汽酒,由酒和碳酸水制成的饮料Spumante 意大利苏打白葡萄酒Stirrup-cup 献给上马欲行之人的一杯烈酒,饯别酒Stout 烈性黑啤酒,一种烈性的,极黑的啤酒Brown stout浓啤酒Suck [俚]酒Swill 劣酒Swipe [pl.] [英] (低级) 啤酒; 杯中喝剩的啤酒Swizzle 混合朗姆奶酒,一种通常用朗姆酒制成的由多种不同饮料混合成的饮料;一种酒类、碎冰、糖、苦味药物等混合的饮料; [口]碎冰鸡尾酒Swizzle-stick搅酒棒Syllabub 奶油葡萄酒,乳酒一种由甜牛奶或奶油与酒或烈酒搅拌成的饮料;乳酒冻,由甜奶油与果子冻以及酒、烈酒或果汁制成的一种凉的甜食Taf(f)ia 塔非亚酒(西印度群岛用甘蔗制的一种甜酒)Tepache 丹板奇酒(墨西哥酒)Tequila 蒸馏酒, 龙舌兰酒;特奎拉酒,龙舌兰酒,从中美洲龙舌兰科植物墨西哥龙舌兰的发酵过的液汁中提炼出的一种酒Teran 特朗酒(南斯拉夫产红葡萄酒)The creature [谑]烈酒(指爱尔兰产的威士忌酒)Tiger sweat [美俚]威士忌酒Toddy 烈性酒,椰子树汁, 柠檬威士忌甜酒(加热过的酒精、水和柠檬的混合物)香甜热酒;棕榈汁,几种亚洲热带棕榈树,尤其是扇叶树头榈和椰子树棕榈上的甜汁液,用作饮料;棕榈酒,一种用这种汁液发酵而成的酒Tokay (匈牙利)托考伊白葡萄酒;福尔明葡萄原产于匈牙利东部一小镇托老依(原先的托凯)的一个葡萄品种Traminer 脱拉米糯葡萄酒(罗马尼亚产一种高酒度的葡萄酒名);脱拉米糯葡萄(德国酿酒白葡萄的优良品种名)Turckhelm 土尔克海姆葡萄酒(法国阿尔萨斯地方产葡萄酒)DRINKS 软饮料非酒精饮料Soft drinks/beverages coffeeBeer 啤酒light beer 淡啤酒Draught beer 扎啤Aperitive/apertif wine 低度酒/葡萄酒White wine 白葡萄酒Red wine/port 红葡萄酒/红酒Sherry 雪利酒Champagne 香槟酒Cocktail 鸡尾酒Non-alcoholic cocktail 无酒精鸡尾酒Martini 马丁尼鸡尾酒Punch 潘趣酒V ermouth 味美思酒/苦艾酒Rose liquor 玫瑰酒Cider 苹果酒Liquor/spirit烈性酒Whisky 威士忌Brandy 白兰地Scotch 苏格兰威士忌V odka 伏特加请给我两杯红酒。
红酒的英文单词怎么样读的红酒的英文单词:red wine读音如音标所示:英 [red wain] 美 [rɛd waɪn]英英释义noun1. wine having a red color derived from skins of dark-colored grapes.红酒的英文例句1. The centenarian said she loved drinking red rice wine and singing folk songs.2. A few more glasses of red wine complement this famous marbling beef perfectly, and it's time to check out the nightlife.3. A perfectly chilled glass of white wine refreshes the parts that red wine can't at this time of year.4. Other Chinese red wine producers have also been having a tough 2012.5. Compared with some European countries that have a very long history with red wine, there does exist some limitation in the Chinese red wine market.6. What do you think of Chinese red wine in the international market?7. To compensate us for the delay, there is an extra lunch with complimentary red and white wine.8. With carefully chose wine suppliers, the red wine provided by Street Corner may satisfy the clients in all aspects.9. The domaine also makes a premier cru white wine from this site, a rarity in the Cote de Nuits where 97 percent of production is red.10. At tables decked with regal cutlery and noble porcelain, waiters proffer carafes of Riesling or red wine to currywurst diners.红酒的双语例句1. It`s a well-structured, smooth wine, with soft tannins and distinct notes of red fruit.它是一种口感醇厚、平和的.葡萄酒,并有一种的柔和的丹宁酸和独特的红色水果。