2020年同等学力申硕英语考试大纲

同等学力英语大纲
一、考试目的
本考试旨在科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备与研究生课程相应的英语水平。

二、考试性质与范围
本考试是一种水平考试，主要考察考生是否达到与硕士研究生同等英语水平。

考试范围涵盖听力、阅读、写作和翻译等英语应用能力。

三、考试基本内容
1.听力理解：测试考生对英语听力材料的理解能力，包括听取对话、短文和
讲座等，理解主旨和细节，进行推理和分析。

2.阅读理解：测试考生对英语阅读材料的理解能力，包括阅读各类文体材料，
理解主旨、细节和作者意图，进行推理和分析。

3.写作：测试考生的英语书面表达能力，包括根据给定话题或提纲撰写短文
或报告，表达思想、阐述观点。

4.翻译：测试考生将英语翻译成汉语的能力，要求译文准确、通顺，符合汉
语表达习惯。

四、考试方式与试卷结构
1.考试方式：考试采用闭卷、笔试形式。

考试时间为180分钟。

2.试卷结构：试卷分为客观题和主观题两部分。

客观题包括选择题、填空题
等，主观题包括翻译、写作等。

试卷难度以中等难度为主，适当调整难易程度，使具有各种水平的考生都能得到合理的评价。

五、成绩评定与使用
1.成绩评定：考生成绩根据试卷得分评定，60分及以上为合格，60分以下
为不合格。

2.成绩使用：同等学力英语成绩是衡量考生英语水平的重要依据，对于申请
同等学力硕士学位的考生，英语成绩必须达到合格标准。

同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试大纲（第六版）一、指导思想为了客观地测试以同等学力申请硕士学位人员（以下简称同等学力人员）的英语水平，保证学位授予的质量，根据国务院学位委员会办公室关于修订《同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试大纲》的要求以及相关会议的精神，在总结近几年来同等学力人员英语水平统一考试经验的基础上，结合同等学力人员学习英语的特点，开展了第五次修订工作并形成新的考试大纲（第六版）。

本考试大纲要求通过教学使学生具有较好的用英语获取信息的能力和一定的用英语传递信息的能力。

这就要求考生具有较强的阅读理解能力，一定的口语交际能力和语篇信息处理能力，同时也必须具有一定的英译汉能力和写作能力。

本考试旨在测试考生是否达到大纲所规定的各项要求和具有大纲所规定的各项语言运用能力。

二、评价目标本考试重点考查考生的英语口语交际、阅读、语篇完形处理、英译汉和写作等技能（由于技术上的原因，本考试暂时取消听力测试，口语交际技能的测试采用书面形式进行。

考生听力能力的测试由各院校在考生学习期间进行）。

考生应在词汇知识、语法知识、口语交际能力、阅读理解能力、语篇完形处理能力、英译汉能力和写作能力等方面分别达到以下要求：（一）词汇掌握约6000个英语词汇和约700个常用词组（见附录一和附录二）。

对6000个词汇中的2800个左右的积极词汇（词汇表中用黑体标出的词）要求熟练掌握，即能在口语交际和写作中准确地运用；其余词汇则要求能在阅读、语篇完形处理和英译汉等过程中识别和理解。

（二）语法掌握英语的基本语法知识、常用句型和结构，能正确理解包含这些知识、句型和结构的句子和语篇。

（三）口语交际能用英语进行日常口语交流。

对于生活、学习和工作中的常见英语交流，能理解交流情景、说话人的意图和会话的含义，并能运用相应的知识和判断进行恰当的交流。

能正确理解英语口语中常见的习惯用法。

（四）阅读能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能读懂一般性题材的文章、广告等应用性文本和博客及跟帖等互动形式的阅读材料。

同等学力申硕英语水平全国统考大纲National Postgraduate English Level Examination Syllabus for Candidates with Equivalent Academic CredentialsIntroductionThe National Postgraduate English Level Examination (NPELE) is an important assessment for candidates with equivalent academic credentials who wish to pursue higher education in English-medium programs in China. The NPELE aims to evaluate candidates' English language abilities in reading, writing, listening, and speaking, and ensure that they possess the necessary language skills to succeed in their academic endeavors. The following syllabus outlines the key components of the NPELE and provides guidance for candidates preparing to take the examination.Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section of the NPELE assesses candidates' ability to understand and analyze written texts in English. Candidates will be required to read a series of passages on a variety of topics and answer questions based on the information presented in the texts. The passages may include academic articles, essays, reports, and other forms of writtencommunication. Candidates should be able to identify main ideas, supporting details, and infer meaning from context. They should also demonstrate an understanding of vocabulary, sentence structure, and rhetorical strategies.WritingIn the writing section of the NPELE, candidates will be asked to compose essays or short responses on assigned topics. Candidates should be able to express their ideas clearly and coherently, develop arguments logically, and support their claims with relevant evidence. They should also demonstrate a command of grammar, punctuation, and spelling. Candidates may be asked to write in a variety of genres, such as argumentative essays, opinion pieces, summaries, and reports.Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section of the NPELE evaluates candidates' ability to understand spoken English in academic contexts. Candidates will listen to a series of audio clips, such as lectures, interviews, and conversations, and answer questions based on the information presented. Candidates should be able to comprehend main ideas, supporting details, and infer meaning from tone of voice, intonation, and context. Theyshould also demonstrate an understanding of vocabulary, pronunciation, and discourse markers.SpeakingThe speaking section of the NPELE assesses candidates' ability to communicate effectively in spoken English. Candidates will engage in a variety of tasks, such as giving presentations, participating in discussions, and responding to prompts. Candidates should be able to articulate their ideas clearly and confidently, engage in meaningful dialogue, and adapt their language to different contexts and audiences. They should also demonstrate fluency, pronunciation, and intonation.Preparation StrategiesTo prepare for the NPELE, candidates should familiarize themselves with the format and content of the examination, practice relevant language skills, and develop effective study habits. Candidates may use a variety of resources, such as textbooks, online materials, language courses, and practice exams. They should also engage in regular reading, writing, listening, and speaking activities to enhance their language proficiency. Additionally, candidates may benefit from seeking guidance from teachers, tutors, or language partners to receive feedback on their performance and improve their skills.ConclusionThe NPELE plays a crucial role in evaluating candidates' English language proficiency and ensuring that they are adequately prepared for their academic studies. By following the guidelines outlined in this syllabus and engaging in systematic preparation, candidates with equivalent academic credentials can enhance their language abilities and achieve success in the examination. It is essential for candidates to approach the NPELE with confidence, determination, and dedication in order to fulfill their academic aspirations and pursue their future goals.。

同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试大纲全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Big Test for Grown-Ups Who Want to Go to Grad SchoolHey kids! Have you ever wondered what it's like to be a grown-up student? Well, some grown-ups who didn't go to university right after high school still want to get a master's degree later in life. But before they can do that, they have to take a very important test called the English Proficiency Test for Non-degree Graduate Candidates. Sounds like a mouthful, doesn't it?This test is a big deal because it shows if the grown-ups are good enough at English to listen to lectures, read books, write papers, and chat with their classmates in English at the university. It's kind of like the tests you take at school, but much harder and longer!The test has four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Let me tell you about each one.ListeningIn this part, the grown-ups have to listen really carefully to recordings of lectures, conversations, and other things. Then they have to answer questions about what they heard. It's like a game of "Who can be the best listener?"ReadingHere, the grown-ups have to read all sorts of things like textbooks, journals, and articles. Then they have to show they understood what they read by answering questions. It's like a big reading comprehension test!WritingThis is where the grown-ups have to write a whole essay or report. The test gives them a topic, and they have to write clearly and correctly about it. No doodling or writing silly stories here!SpeakingIn this last part, the grown-ups have to talk out loud and answer questions. They might have to describe pictures, give opinions, or pretend they're teachers giving a lesson. It's like show-and-tell but without the toys!Whew, that's a lot of stuff to do in one test, right? The grown-ups have to prepare really hard by practicing their English skills. They might read lots of books, listen to podcasts, write practice essays, and even hire tutors to help them get ready.On test day, the grown-ups go to a special test center and spend several hours going through all the different sections. When it's finally over, they're probably pretty tired! But if they did well, they'll get good scores that can help them get into the master's program they want.So you see, getting into grad school as an adult is not easy at all. The grown-ups have to work really, really hard, just like you kids work hard at school every day. Maybe after taking this big test, they'll feel like kids again, excited to learn new things!Does anyone here want to be a grown-up student someday? If so, you'd better start practicing your English skills now. Who knows, maybe I'll see you taking the big test in a few years! Just don't forget to grab a snack before it starts. Tests always make me hungry!篇2The Big English Test for Grown-Up StudentsHey there, fellow kids! Are you ready to learn about a super-duper important test that some big kids have to take? Get excited, because we're going to explore the National Unified Examination for English Proficiency for Students Applying for Master's Degree with Equivalent Education! Whew, that's a mouthful, isn't it? Let's just call it the "Big English Test" for short.Now, you might be wondering, "What's a master's degree, and why do some people need to take a special test for it?" Well, let me explain it to you in a way that even a kiddo like you can understand.You see, after finishing their regular school years, some people want to keep learning and studying even more. They want to become super-duper smart and knowledgeable in a particular subject, like science, math, or even something as cool as rocket engineering! These people are called "graduate students," and they go to a place called "graduate school" to earn a special degree called a "master's degree."But here's the thing: not everyone who wants to go to graduate school has taken the same path. Some people might have finished their regular schooling a long time ago, or they might have learned in different ways, like through work experience or self-study. These people are called "students withequivalent education," and they need to prove that they have the same level of knowledge and skills as the students who went to regular schools.That's where the Big English Test comes in! It's a special exam that tests how well these grown-up students can read, write, listen, and speak in English. You see, English is asuper-important language for studying and working in many fields, so graduate schools want to make sure that their students can communicate effectively in English.The Big English Test has four main parts:Reading Comprehension: This part tests how well you can understand written English texts. The test might ask you to read articles, stories, or other materials and answer questions about them.Listening Comprehension: In this part, you'll have to listen to audio recordings, like lectures or conversations, and answer questions about what you heard.Writing: Here, you'll need to show off your English writing skills by completing tasks like writing essays, reports, or other types of written assignments.Speaking: Finally, the speaking part of the test will require you to have conversations in English and possibly give presentations or participate in discussions.Sounds like a lot, doesn't it? But don't worry, the test is designed to be fair and to give everyone a chance to show off their English skills, no matter how they learned them.Now, you might be thinking, "But why do I need to know about this Big English Test? I'm just a kid!" Well, my friend, it's never too early to start thinking about your future! Who knows, maybe one day you'll want to become a super-smart graduate student yourself, studying something really cool like rocket science or dinosaur bones.And even if you don't end up going to graduate school, learning English is still incredibly important in today's world. English is the language of science, technology, business, and so many other fields. By mastering English, you'll be able to communicate with people from all around the world and unlock a whole universe of knowledge and opportunities.So, there you have it, kids! The Big English Test might sound like a big deal, but it's just a way for grown-up students to show off their English skills and prove that they're ready to take on the challenges of graduate school. Who knows, maybe one dayyou'll be the one acing that test and becoming a master of your chosen field!篇3The Big Important English Test for Going to Master's SchoolHey there, kids! Today we're going to learn about a really big test that some grown-ups have to take if they want to go to a special school called "Master's School." This test is all about how well they can speak, read, write, and understand English. It's called the "National Unified English Proficiency Test for Master's Degree Applicants with Equal Academic Qualifications." That's a really long name, isn't it? Let's just call it the "Big English Test" for short.You might be wondering, "Why do grown-ups need to take a test to go to Master's School?" Well, you see, Master's School is a very important place where grown-ups go to learn even more stuff after they finish their regular schooling. They study really hard subjects and do lots of research to become experts in their fields. But before they can get into Master's School, they have to prove that they're good enough at English to understand all the books, lectures, and discussions that happen there.Now, let's talk about what's on this Big English Test. It has four main parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Let me explain each one to you.The listening part is all about how well you can understand people when they're talking in English. You'll have to listen to recordings of conversations, lectures, and other things, and then answer questions about what you heard. It's like when your teacher reads a story to the class, and then asks you questions about it afterwards.The reading part is all about how well you can understand English texts. You'll have to read passages from books, magazines, newspapers, and websites, and then answer questions about what you read. It's kind of like when you have to read a chapter from your school textbook and then answer questions about it.The writing part is all about how well you can write in English. You'll have to write essays, letters, and other kinds of texts based on given topics or prompts. It's like when your teacher asks you to write a story or an essay about something you learned in class.Finally, the speaking part is all about how well you can talk in English. You'll have to answer questions, describe pictures, and have conversations with a test examiner. It's kind of like whenyou have to give a presentation in class or have a discussion with your teacher.Phew, that's a lot of stuff to cover, isn't it? But don't worry, if you're really good at English, this Big English Test shouldn't be too scary. Just remember to practice your listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills as much as you can.Now, you might be thinking, "But I'm just a kid! Why do I need to know about this Big English Test?" Well, even though you don't have to take it now, it's good to learn about it early. You never know, maybe one day you'll want to go to Master's School too and become an expert in something really cool like dinosaurs, outer space, or video game design!So, there you have it, kids. That's the scoop on the Big English Test that grown-ups have to take to get into Master's School. Just keep practicing your English skills, and who knows, maybe you'll be taking this test one day too!篇4The Big, Huge, Enormous English Exam for Master's Students!Hey there, kids! Are you ready to learn about a really important test that some grown-ups need to take? It's called the National Unified Exam for English Proficiency, and it's a big deal for people who want to get their Master's degree but didn't go to a regular university before.Now, you might be thinking, "What's a Master's degree?" Well, it's like getting a really fancy diploma after you've already finished college. It means you've studied a subject really, really hard and know a whole lot about it. Pretty cool, right?But here's the catch: if you didn't go to a regular university first, you have to take this big English test to show that you're good enough at the language to study for a Master's. And let me tell you, it's no walk in the park!The test has four parts, and they're all about different English skills. First up is listening. You'll have to listen to people talking or giving lectures and answer questions about what they said. It's like a game of "Telephone," but way harder!Next is reading. You'll have to read all sorts of articles, books, and other written materials, and then answer questions about them. It's like a giant book report, but you can't just make stuff up!Then comes writing. You'll have to write essays, reports, and other types of writing assignments. It's like having to do your homework, but for grown-ups!Last but not least, there's speaking. You'll have to talk about different topics and answer questions out loud. It's likeshow-and-tell, but instead of showing off your favorite toy, you have to show off how well you can speak English!Phew, that's a lot to remember, right? But don't worry, there are people who can help you get ready for the test. They're called tutors, and they're like superheroes for studying!So, if you're a grown-up who wants to get a Master's degree but didn't go to a regular university, you'll need to take this big, huge, enormous English exam. But with a lot of hard work and maybe some help from a tutor, you can totally ace it!And who knows, maybe one day you'll be taking even bigger tests to get your Ph.D. or become a super-genius professor! But let's not get ahead of ourselves. First thing's first: conquer that English exam!篇5The Big Important English Test for Grown-Ups Who Want to Go to Master's SchoolHi there! My name is Lily, and I'm 8 years old. Today, I want to tell you all about this really big English test that grown-ups have to take if they want to go to a special school called "Master's School." It's a super important test, and they have to do really well on it to get in.Now, you might be wondering, "Why do they have to take a test? Aren't they already grown-ups?" Well, you see, even though they're all grown up, they still have to prove that they're really good at English. That's because at Master's School, they'll be learning lots of new and tricky things, and they need to understand everything their teachers say and all the books they have to read.The test is called the "National Unified Examination for English Proficiency of Applicants for Master's Degree with Equivalent Academic Qualifications." That's a really long name, isn't it? I'll just call it the "Big English Test" for short.So, what's on this Big English Test? Well, it has four main parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Let me tell you a bit about each one.First, there's the listening part. In this part, the grown-ups have to listen to people talking in English and answer questions about what they heard. It's kind of like when we play those games in class where the teacher reads a story, and we have to answer questions about it afterwards. But for the grown-ups, the stories are much harder and longer, and they have to understand everything perfectly.Next, there's the reading part. This is where the grown-ups have to read all sorts of long and complicated texts in English, like books, articles, and even scientific papers! They have to understand every single word and be able to answer questions about what they read. It's like when we have to read those really long books for our book reports, but even harder!Then, there's the writing part. In this part, the grown-ups have to write essays and other types of texts in English. They have to make sure their writing is clear, well-organized, and has no mistakes. It's like when we have to write stories or reports for school, but the grown-ups have to write about really serious and complicated topics.Finally, there's the speaking part. This is where thegrown-ups have to talk in English and have conversations with other people. They have to be able to express their ideas clearlyand understand what the other person is saying. It's like when we have to give presentations in class, but the grown-ups have to talk about much harder subjects and for a longer time.Phew, that's a lot of stuff to cover, isn't it? But the grown-ups who want to go to Master's School have to do really well on all four parts of the Big English Test. They have to study and practice a lot to get ready for it.Why is it so important for them to be good at English? Well, at Master's School, they'll be learning all sorts of new and exciting things from teachers and books that are in English. They'll have to read, write, listen, and speak in English all the time. If they're not really good at English, they might not understand everything they're being taught, and that would be really hard for them.So, if you know any grown-ups who are planning to take the Big English Test, be sure to wish them good luck! It's a really tough test, but if they work hard and practice a lot, they'll be able to do well and get into Master's School.And who knows, maybe one day, when you're all grown up, you'll have to take the Big English Test too, so you can go to Master's School and learn all sorts of amazing new things! But for now, just focus on doing your best in your English classes atschool, and you'll be well on your way to becoming a master of English yourself!篇6The Super Awesome English Test for Big Kids Who Want to Go to Master's SchoolHey kids! Are you a grown-up who didn't get to go to college but still really, really wants to get a master's degree? Well, you're in luck because there's a super awesome English test just for you!It's called the English Proficiency Test for Non-degree Graduates Applying for Master's Degree Programs. That's a really long name, isn't it? Let's just call it the Big Kid English Test.The Big Kid English Test is kind of like those English tests you take in school, but it's way harder. That's because getting a master's degree is some serious business. You have to be really, really good at English to understand all the difficult books and lessons.So what kinds of things will be on the Big Kid English Test? Well, there are four main parts:ListeningReading ComprehensionWritingTranslationThe listening part will have conversations and talks that you'll have to listen to really carefully. Then you'll have to answer questions about what you heard. It's kind of like that game where you pass a secret message around the circle, except no giggling allowed!The reading part will have all sorts of passages about different topics like science, history, and culture. You'll have to read them and answer questions to show you understood what they were about. It's like reading detective novels to find all the clues, but way less fun.Then there's the writing section where you'll have to write essays and letters and stuff. You'll have to use proper English grammar, vocabulary, and all those things your English teacher is always going on about. Basically, you have to write like a grown-up writer, not like a kid who just wants to get to recess.Finally, there's translation! You'll have to take passages from English and translate them into Chinese. And then take Chinese passages and translate them into English. It's like being a supersecret spy who has to decode messages from different languages. Except there's no invisibility cloaks or laser pens involved. Bummer.The whole Big Kid English Test takes about three hours. That's a loooooong time to have to sit still and focus. You'll probably need to pack some snacks and maybe even a comic book to look at during the breaks.So why would any big kid want to go through all this craziness? Well, if you pass the test, you can apply to get your master's degree at a university in China. That means two more years of going to school instead of having to get a job right away.Imagine how impressed your parents would be if you graduated with a master's degree! You'd definitely be the smartest kid on the block. And who knows, maybe you could become a scientist or professor or author or whatever you dream of being.Either way, it's going to be an adventure! Getting through challenges like this is how you level up in life. So grab your pencils and dictionaries, and get ready for the biggest English exam ever! You've got this, big kid!。

第五章短文完成第一节考情分析短文完成，主要考查考生的语言知识运用能力，如语法、词汇及语篇分析能力等。

本部分共设20题，每题1分，考试时间为20分钟。

做题步骤：1、基本语法2、固定搭配3、上下文逻辑和意思关系单词——句子——文章第五章短文完成第二节语法—名词名词:(noun--N)two handsome mansome the leaves1.可数单数:a/an/the+na boy,a man,an apple,the girl复数:the+n(s)/n(s)/数词,some,many…+n(s)the boys,two girls,apples,leaves1.直接加S:apples,books,brothers2.s/x/sh/ch为结尾加es:glasses,boxes,matches3.辅音加y为结尾变ies:cities,enemies4.f/fe—ves:wives,knives(特殊roofs,proofs,chiefs)5.以o为结尾es或s:negroes,heroes,tomatoes,potatoesradios,zoos,pianos,photos6.特殊foot-feet,goose-geese,tooth-teeth,child-children,man-men, woman-women,sheep-sheep,deer-deer,mouse-micedatum-data,medium-media,bacterium-bacteria,curriculum-curricula,criterion-criteria,phenomenon-phenomena,analysis-analyses,basis-bases,crisis-crises,diagnosis-diagnoses.名词：不可数物质或者抽象名词some/a little/much/a piece of/the(特指)+with much reverence and ceremony毕恭毕敬、彬彬有礼plenty of timetwo glasses of winea sheet of paperan item of clothinga piece of advice/some advice2019年There are plenty of other reasons the eSports community is growing.电子竞技社区的发展还有很多其他原因。

同等学力英语大纲同等学力英语考试是一项旨在评估非英语专业人士英语水平的考试。

其大纲旨在明确考试的范围和内容，为考生提供明确的学习目标和参考材料。

本文将对同等学力英语大纲进行详细解读，并探讨备考策略和学习资源。

一、考试结构及内容同等学力英语考试通常包含听力、阅读、翻译和写作四个部分。

每个部分的目标是评估考生在不同语言技能上的表现。

听力部分旨在评估考生在听取正式或非正式场景下的能力。

考生需要理解广播、演讲、访谈等语言材料，并回答与之相关的问题。

阅读部分要求考生阅读并理解不同题材的文章，如报纸文章、学术论文和广告等。

考生需要根据题目要求回答相关问题，展示他们的理解和推理能力。

翻译部分要求考生将一段中文文本翻译成英文，或将一段英文文本翻译成中文。

考生需要准确地传达文本的意思，并注意语言和表达的准确性。

写作部分旨在评估考生在书面表达方面的能力。

考生需要根据题目要求，撰写一篇完整、连贯、具有逻辑性的短文。

二、备考策略1. 熟悉大纲内容：考生应仔细阅读并理解同等学力英语大纲。

了解考试的结构、题型和评分标准，对备考方向有明确的认识。

2. 多听多读：听力和阅读是同等学力英语考试的两个重要部分。

考生可通过听英语广播、观看英语电影、阅读英语文章等方式，提高自己的听力和阅读理解能力。

3. 练习翻译：翻译是考试中的一项重要技能。

考生可以选择一些适合自己水平的翻译练习材料，提升自己的翻译能力和准确性。

4. 写作训练：写作是考试的一项重要环节。

考生可以参考范文，多写作文，并请老师或同学进行修改和指导，提高自己的写作水平。

5. 模拟考试：模拟考试可以帮助考生熟悉考试的流程和时间限制，同时也可以评估自己的备考效果并找出不足之处。

三、学习资源1. 课程教材：选购一本与大纲相匹配的英语教材，按照教材的学习顺序有条理地进行学习。

2. 参考书籍：挑选一些备考参考书籍，如英语听力、阅读、写作和翻译等方面的练习册，通过练习提高相应的技能。

3. 在线资源：互联网上有许多免费的学习资源，如听力练习、阅读材料和写作指导等。

全国硕士研究生入学一致考试英语( 一 ) 考试大纲( 非英语专业 )(2020 年版 )I.考试性质英语 ( 一 ) 考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的拥有选拔性质的全国一致入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公正、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，议论的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者拥有必然的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

II.观察目标考生应掌握以下语言知识和技术：( 一 ) 语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有特地列出对语法知识的详尽要求，其目的是激励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能改正确、自如地运用语法知识。

2.词汇考生应能掌握5500 左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容( 详见附录 1、2) 。

除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，仿佛义词、近义词、反义词等 ; 掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等 ; 掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。

英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动向发展过程，它碰到科技发展和社会进步的影响。

这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和如期的校正。

其他，全国硕士研究生入学英语一致考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。

考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与自己工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信奉等方面的词汇。

( 二 ) 语言技术1.阅读考生应能读懂选自各样书籍和报刊的不同样种类的文字资料( 生词量不高出所读资料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与自己学习或工作相关的文件资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。

对所选资料，考生应能：1)理解主旨要义 ;2)理解文中的详尽信息 ;3)理解文中的见解性含义 ;4)进行相关的判断、推理和引申 ;5)依照上下文推测生词的词义 ;6) 理解文章的整体结构以及上下文之间的关系;7)理解作者的妄图、见解或态度 ;8)区分论点和依照。

2024同等学力英语大纲The pursuit of higher education has always been a testament to one's dedication and aspiration towards academic excellence. In the context of the 2024 English syllabus for candidates with equivalent academic abilities, the focus is not merely on the acquisition of language proficiency but on the holistic development of critical thinking, analytical skills, and the ability to apply knowledge in real-world scenarios.The syllabus is designed to cater to individuals who have gained substantial knowledge and experience in their respective fields and are now looking to further enhance their competencies through advanced studies. The curriculum is structured to bridge the gap between practical experience and theoretical knowledge, thereby enabling learners to elevate their professional standing and contribute more significantly to their fields.Language Proficiency。

2020年在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷一、同义词替换1.There will be a ten-minute interval halfway through the performance.（A）period（B）time（C）length（D）break2.Most of Egypt's inhabitants live in the Nile valley and delta, with the rest of the country sparsely populated.（A）randomly（B）thinly（C）densely（D）evenly3.The hotel owner was authorized to sell alcoholic drinks in his hotel.（A）inclined（B）prepared（C）required（D）licensed4.Your lawyer's presence in the court room is critical since he may prevent you from being misdirected.（A）impressive（B）wonderful（C）favorable（D）crucial5.Some books are not for you to leaf through, but for you to think through.（A）browse（B）appreciate（C）recommend（D）debate6.I was denied access to my account after I typed in the wrong password three times in a row. （A）abandoned（B）delayed（C）warned（D）refused7.Lots of people make long-distance commuting to work daily in big cities.（A）contact（B）discussion（C）travel（D）call8.Guests at Four Seasons Hotels can enjoy delicious meals served on fine china.（A）delicate（B）special（C）shining（D）desirable9.The energy value of dried fruits is considerably in excess of that of fresh items.（A）short of（B）equal to（C）more than（D）different from10.When disasters like this happen, we set aside whatever petty disagreements we may have. （A）discuss（B）retain（C）reveal（D）dismiss二、阅读理解It sounds like something straight out of a science fiction movie or a silly cartoon：a futuristic traveling tube that can quickly shoot people wherever they want to go, inside a tiny pod. But this may be just around the corner for people looking for a faster, easier, and cheaper-than-ever way to travel.South African-American inventor and billionnaire Elon Musk, who, in the past, has worked on both private space flight and electric cars, recently announced he has been working on the design of this traveling tube, which could forever change the way we travel the world.In an interview, Musk described the new tube as a fifth kind of transportation. "We have planes, trains, automobiles, and boats," he explained. "What if there was a fifth mode? 1 have a name for it. It's called the Hyperloop. ""This system I have in mind…can never crash, is immune to weather, it goes three or four times faster than the bullet train… it goes at an average speed of twice what an aircraft would do. You would go from downtown L. A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes. "People using the Hyperloop would shoot around in pods, which are each just oversix-and-a-half feet across, and the pods would travel through tubes located either above round or under water.The Hyperloop could even run 24/7, be cheap, and allow people to travel on their own schedule. People could show up at the Hyperloop station whenever they want and be quickly sent on their way.Additionally Musk believes the Hyperloop could be completely powered by the sun—making it more environmentally friendly than cars, airplanes, or train systems. Someday it could possibly move people between the East and West Coasts of the United States in less than an hour. Eventually the Hyperloop would be able to move people around the world.Musk is not the first person outside of science fiction novelists to dream up vacuum tube technology for moving people. The idea has been around for some time, and inventors in other countries, including China, are reportedly working on similar technology.11.The phrase "just around the corner" (Para.1) means"____________".（A）preferable（B）forthcoming（C）reliable（D）available12.The "pod" mentioned in the passage is a(n)___________.（A）tube-shaped music player（B）wireless earphone（C）engine that provides a driving force（D）vehicle that carries passengers13.Which of the following is NOT true of Elon Musk?（A）He draws insights from science fictions.（B）He has tried his hand at space flight.（C）He has manufactured electric cars.（D）He cares for environmental protection.14.What can be learned about the Hyperloop?（A）It could be developed at a low cost.（B）It would remind people of their schedule.（C）It could operate round the clock.（D）It would run at regular intervals.15.China is mentioned in the last paragraph in order to________________.（A）demonstrate that it is an innovative country（B）give an example of those working on similar technology（C）show a successful model of vacuum tube traveling（D）indicate a potential for international cooperationHow are you feeling today? I've got a few aches and pains, but nothing serious. However, when things become more critical, I would normally book myself an appointment with my doctor—although by the time I get to see him, the problem will have probably gone away. That's because in the UK at least, we usually have to wait a few days before the doctor can fit us in.Luckily today, technology has come to our rescue. There are thousands of apps available on our smartphones that can offer first aid advice and allow us to self-diagnose oursickness—ranging from a simple cold or flu to some exotic disease. And together with the internet, we have an ocean of medical information at our fingertips.But is too much knowledge a good thing? By reading up on an illness, we discover its side-effects and what could happen in a worst-case situation. More worrying is that we give ourselves the wrong diagnosis, and then worry ourselves sick that we're going to die. This health anxiety, fueled by the internet, is called "cyberchondria". It gives sufferers a deep fear of diseases and, according to experts, it's on the rise. Professor Peter Tyrer from Imperial College London said, "We find that approximately four out of five of our patients with health anxiety spend literally hours on the internet. One of the first things we do in treatment is to tell them to stop browsing the internet. "A study a few years ago also found many doctors felt intimidated by the increasing numbers of web-wise patients arriving in surgeries. One doctor admitted to not being very happy about patients using the internet, saying, "They all seemed to come to me with things I'd never heard of and very often with things which seem rather bizarre or inappropriate. "Of course there is no doubt, the world wide web has most of the information we need to diagnose our symptoms, but Doctor Tyrer points out, "it doesn't have any judgment associated with it." This is why having a consultation with a doctor face-to-face still has its benefits.It would seem then that a virtual online doctor can prescribe a dose of useful advice, but technology hasn't replaced the human medical expert just yet.16.What does the author try to emphasize in Paragraph 1?（A）The low efficiency of the healthcare system.（B）The tips for making appointments with doctors.（C）The treatment for common health problems.（D）The critical challenges for general hospitals.17.Cyberchondria (Para.3) can be defined as__________.（A）overdependence on the internet for medical advice（B）too much knowledge about health problems（C）health concerns caused by online information（D）incorrect diagnosis based on web knowledge18.According to the doctors, cyberchondria____________.（A）can be prevented（B）is not unusual（C）is hard to predict（D）may not last long19.How do doctors in general feel about web-wise patients?（A）They are surprised at patients' wise use of online information.（B）They are frightened by patients' blind trust of internet information.（C）They are satisfied with patients' sufficient knowledge about diseases.（D）They are troubled by patients' excessive search for health information.20.According to Doctor Tyrer, what is the problem with online medical information?（A）It is usually not sufficient.（B）It is not always accurate.（C）It fails to give judgment.（D）It provides too much information.Many of the major supermarket chains have come under fire with accusations of various unethical acts over the past decade. They've wasted tons of food. They've underpaid their suppliers and they've contributed to excessive plastic waste in their packaging, which has had its impact on our environment.But supermarkets and grocers are starting to sit up and take notice. In response to growing consumer resentment against the huge amounts of plastic waste generated by plastic packaging, some of the largest UK supermarkets have signed up to a pact promising to transform packaging and cut plastic wastage. In a pledge to reuse, recycle or convert all plastic wastage by 2025, supermarkets are now beginning to take some responsibility for the part they play in contributing to the damage to our environment, with one major supermarket announcing their plan to eliminate all plastic packaging in their cwm-brand products by 2023.In response to criticisms over food waste, some supermarkets are donating some of their food surplus. However, charities estimate that they are only accessing two percent of supermarkets' total food surplus, so this hardly seems to be solving the problem. Some say that supermarkets are simply not doing enough. Most supermarkets operate under a veil of secrecy when asked for exact figures of food wastage, and without more transparency it ishard to come up with a systematic approach to avoiding waste and to redistributing surplus food.Some smaller companies are now taking matters into their own hands and offering consumers a greener option. Shops like Berlin's Original Unverpakt and London's Bulk Market are plastic-free shops that have opened in recent years, encouraging customers to use their own containers or convertible bags. Online grocer Farmdrop eliminates the need for large warehouses and the risk of huge food surplus by delivering fresh produce from local farmers to its customers on a daily basis via electric cars, offering farmers the lion's share of the retail price.There is no doubt that we still have a long way to go in reducing food waste and plastic waste. But perhaps the major supermarkets might take inspiration from these smaller grocers and gradually move towards a more sustainable future for us all.21.Which is NOT mentioned as an unethical act of major supermarket chains?（A）Wasting large amounts of food.（B）Producing excessive plastic waste.（C）Underpaying their suppliers.（D）Selling goods of poor quality.22.The word "pact"(Para.2) is closest in meaning to "______________".（A）agreement（B）organization（C）campaign（D）program23.According to Paragraph 3, supermarkets' donation of their food surplus___________. （A）receives high praises（B）is considered as a good charity（C）is regarded as not doing enough（D）arouses more criticisms24.Farmdrop is mentioned as an example that provides_____________.（A）plastic-free bags and containers（B）easier access to fresh produce（C）a great variety of healthy foods（D）goods at more competitive prices25.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_____________.（A）some businesses are reluctant to reduce their waste（B）major supermarkets refuse to do public good（C）some small companies better protect the environment（D）a more sustainable future for all is soon to comeWe all know people who say they have "no sense of direction". Yet for some people that description is true in all circumstances：If they take a single wrong turn on an established route they often become totally lost. This happens even when they are just a few miles from where they live.This condition is called developmental topographic disorientation ( DTD), the inability to orient within the environment. It didn't even have a formal name until 2009, when Giuseppe laria reported his first case in the journal Neuropsychologia.Ellen Rose had been a patient of mine for years before I realized that she had thislife-long learning disability. Like other people with DTD, she can follow a route in pieces, but it never becomes part of a larger spatial understanding. That's because she does not have a larger spatial understanding of her environment.I asked her to draw a diagram of the second floor of the house she shares with her daughter and son-in-law. It was a difficult task for her (she lives on the first floor but is very familiar with the second). She described her effort not as a bird looking down from above, but as a spider crawling across the paper tracing a route from one room to the others. Ellen has always wondered what was wrong with her. She knew that when others ascribed her problems to simply not paying attention they were mistaken. She worried that her problems in traveling might be a sign of something more serious than just getting lost easily, but had no idea what that might be.Finding out that she had DTD was a relief. Knowing that something has a name can be a liberating experience. All of a sudden it is a thing, a concept with defining characteristics. It is in a way, a kind of map.26.What is the relation between Ellen and the author?（A）Student and teacher.（B）Subject and researcher.（C）Employee and employer.（D）Patient and doctor.27.It can be learned that people with DTD____________.（A）are unable to find their position in an environment（B）find it difficult to remember where they have been（C）dislike traveling to a faraway place on their own（D）are characterized by their inability to concentrate28.From Ellen's difficulty in drawing her own house, we can infer that__________. （A）observing from high above is more effective than from the bottom（B）common people tend to perceive a space from a bird's eye view（C）it is useful to get familiar with our living environment（D）people with DTD have a poor sense of vision29.How did Ellen feel about her DTD?（A）She had a clear idea what it was and how to deal with it.（B）She worried that she might misunderstand people around her.（C）She thought she could improve her condition by paying more attention.（D）She was afraid that it might bring problems other than disorientation.30.The word "map" in the last paragraph probably means____________.（A）cure（B）design（C）proposal（D）clueFace masks are one of the best defenses against the spread of COVID-19, but their growing adoption is having a second, unintended effect：breaking facial recognition algorithms(算法).Wearing face masks that adequately cover the mouth and nose causes the error rate of some of the most widely used facial recognition algorithms to rise to between 5 percent and 50 percent, a study by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) hasfound. Black masks were more likely to cause errors than blue masks, and the more of the nose covered by the mask, the harder the algorithms found it to identify the face."We need to understand how face recognition technology deals with masked faces," said the author of the report and NIST computer scientist. "We have begun by focusing on how an algorithm developed before the pandemic (大流行病) might be affected by subjects wearing face masks. Later this summer, we plan to test the accuracy of algorithms that were intentionally developed with masked faces in mind "Facial recognition algorithms such as those tested by NIST work by measuring the distances between features in a target's face. Masks reduce the accuracy of these algorithms by removing most of these features, although some still remain. This is slightly different from how facial recognition works on iPhones, for example, which use depth sensors for extra security, ensuring that the algorithms can't be fooled by showing the camera a picture (a danger that is not present in the scenarios NIST is concerned with).Comment 1：Well, that's one good thing to come out of the pandemic. Mass surveillance is nonsense. Time to pair masks up with sunglasses to deliver the decisive stroke.Comment 2："Wearing face masks that adequately cover the mouth and nose causes the error rate of some of the most widely used facial recognition algorithms to rise sharply" Rubbish technology! I would've never guessed.Comment 3：There's a reason why some country is already using gait(步态) analysis. Facial recognition is too easy to block or to fool.Comment 4：Pretty soon they are going to do…analysis. With the development of AI, there will be a way out.Comment 5：The AI's getting better, though, so soon it won't matter. Just like how you can pick out a relative or close friend even in bad CCTV footage, so too can AI. Your height, walking gait, mannerisms, voice, ears, clothing, etc, all add up to YOU.31.What is the passage mainly about?（A）The best way to defend against COVID-19.（B）Efforts to improve facial recognition technology.（C）Methods to fool the facial recognition system.（D）The impact of masks on facial recognition accuracy.32.The NIST study found that compared with blue masks, black masks___________. （A）were more widely used by the public（B）caused more errors in facial recognition（C）provided better protection against the virus（D）required less complex algorithmsment 1 seems to be__________.（A）in favor of the rules for wearing face masks（B）in favor of the facial recognition technology（C）against the wide use of facial recognition（D）against the requirements for wearing face masks34.Which comment views the current facial recognition technology with contempt? （A）Comment 2.（B）Comment 3.（C）Comment 4.（D）Comment 5.35.Which of the following is positive about the future technological advance?（A）Comment 2 and Comment 3.（B）Comment 1 and Comment 4.（C）Comment 3 and Comment 5.（D）Comment 4 and Comment 5.三、完形填空The English countryside has a classic image. People imagine that life in the country is slow and calm; that there are no traffic jams, no pollution, and no crime. In some places, this is true; but in【C1】_________it is not.Small towns and villages are becoming more and more【C2】_________; people have more space and most houses have gardens. But problems are【C3】_________. Lots of people want to live in the country and work in the city; so more and more people travel【C4】_________distances each day, to go to work. Of course they don't use buses or trains; they use cars. Little villages now have traffic problems in the morning, just【C5】_________big cities!The problems are very complicated! If everyone moves into the country, the peace of the countryside will【C6】_________! People leave cities and big towns, to escape from urban problems; but more and more, they are【C7】_________their problems with them. On warm summer days, and cold winter days, air pollution can be a big problem in large【C8】_________of the south of England, not just in London.Perhaps there is【C9】_________for the future. Soon Britain's population will stop rising. From about the year 2030, it will perhaps start to fall. In 100 years' time, there will be less people in Britain than today—perhaps two million less. No doubt there will be【C10】_________pollution too; oil and petrol will probably be rare by then.36.【C1】（A）other（B）the others（C）others（D）another37.【C2】（A）famous（B）beautiful（C）secure（D）popular38.【C3】（A）declining（B）growing （C）solved （D）involved 39.【C4】（A）far（B）short （C）remote （D）long40.【C5】（A）like（B）as（C）for（D）to41.【C6】（A）arise （B）emerge （C）continue （D）disappear 42.【C7】（A）developing （B）bringing （C）causing （D）creating 43.【C8】（A）parts （B）places （C）cities （D）blocks 44.【C9】（A）fear（C）hope（D）vision45.【C10】（A）more（B）less（C）much（D）Few四、英译汉46.Personality is the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors unique to a person. People tend to think of personality as fixed. But according to psychologists, that's not how it works. Personality is a developmental phenomenon. It's not just a static thing that you're stuck with and can't get over. That's not to say that you're a different person each day you wake up. In the short term, change can be nearly impossible to be perceived. Long-term studies, in which researchers survey the personalities of participants regularly over many years, suggest that our personality is actually stable on shorter time scales.五、作文47.Write an essay in no less than 150 words on the topic：What are the Benefits and Disadvantages of Online Learning? You could write according to the hints given below. Write your essay on the Answer Sheet.As the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic seems to be here to stay, we perhaps have to choose online instruction sometimes. The mode of instruction and learning may have its advantages, but…六、完成文章A. connectedB. healthyPhrases：A.eating【T1】________meals at regular timesB.can also impair our【T2】_______system functionC.are【T3】_______to the body clockA lack of quality sleep not only affects how we feel during the daytime, but【T4】_______, which is vital in protecting us from common viral illnesses. Efforts needed to sleep well that include following a sleep routine, 【T5】_______ and not drinking too much coffee. All of these things are really interconnected in terms of their function. All of them【T6】_______The body is like an orchestra where there's an orchestra leader that's sort of the main timer, but everybody else is playing it together and they're optimizing what they are doing. 48.【T1】（A）（B）（C）49.【T2】（A）（B）（C）50.【T3】（A）（B）（C）51.【T4】（A）（B）（C）52.【T5】（A）（B）53.【T6】（A）（B）（C）A. shareB. demandsC. forcePhrases：A.true happiness【T7】_________that we have it in our livesB.they freely【T8】_________their ups and downsC.as it is a driving【T9】_________in our natureOne of the basic needs we have as humans is to connect with others. We have done this since the beginning of time【T10】_________Close intimate friendships fill that need. There is simply no replacement for this in our lives. You can't buy it, borrow it or steal it, but【T11】_________Experts found that people who can name several close, supportive friends—friends with whom【T12】_________—live with greater health and happiness.54.【T7】（A）（B）（C）55.【T8】（A）（B）（C）56.【T9】（A）（B）（C）57.【T10】（B）（C）58.【T11】（A）（B）（C）59.【T12】（A）（B）（C）A. futureB.shapeC. formD. safetyPhrases：A.will adjust themselves for your【T13】_________and comfortB.will【T14】_________the way we live in astonishing waysC.mimicked human【T15】_________and thinkingD.gains a truer glimpse of our robotic【T16】_________Tiny technologies are a key to the future of robots, The old science-fiction notion of a robot pictured a large machine that【T17】_________But a visitor to the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at Cambridge【T18】_________In this microworld, scientists and engineers are building new machines in other fields such as medicine and aerospace. Soon, you'll be driving smart car and living in smart home that【T19】_________It is already clear that our tiny new tools【T20】_________By "thinking small," scientists and dreamers are enlarging and enriching the future for all of us.60.【T13】（A）（B）（D）61.【T14】（A）（B）（C）（D）62.【T15】（A）（B）（C）（D）63.【T16】（A）（B）（C）（D）64.【T17】（A）（B）（C）（D）65.【T18】（A）（B）（C）（D）66.【T19】（A）（B）（D）67.【T20】（A）（B）（C）（D）七、短对话A. Are you kidding?B. I'll go over to the gym too.C. I want to do some running.Steve：I'm going over to the gym,【D1】___________Joseph：Why don't you run outside?Steve：【D2】________Do you know how cold it is today? Joseph：Yeah, I suppose. I guess it isn't healthy to run in this weather. Steve：No, it's not. Not at all. I'd probably freeze my lungs. Joseph：Wait a minute.【D3】___________Steve：You?Joseph：Yes, why not? Just let me get my gym clothes together. 68.【D1】（A）（B）（C）69.【D2】（A）（B）（C）70.【D3】（B）（C）A. Well, I'm not really interested in going there.B. How about going to an Indian restaurant?C. Uh, here's something interesting.Man：So, what do you want to do tomorrow?Woman：Well, let's look at this city guide here.【D4】__________Why don't we first visit the art museum in the morning?Man：Okay, I like that idea, and where do you want to eat lunch?Woman：【D5】__________The guide recommends one downtown a few blocks from the museum.Man：That sounds great. After that, what do you think about visiting the Zoo? Well, it says here that there are some very unique animals not found anywhere else.Woman：【D6】__________Why don't we take the subway down to the seashore and walk along the beach? Man：That sounds like a wonderful plan.71.【D4】（A）（B）（C）72.【D5】（A）（B）（C）73.【D6】（A）（B）（C）八、长对话A. Anyway, there must be some solution.B. But they don't have anything now.C. Have you tried some part-time job on campus?D. You don't have to tell me that.Natasha：I need to get a job, or I won't be able to stay here next semester. I don't know what to do.Eric：【D7】__________Natasha：What do you mean?Eric：I mean in the library, or in some information center. Often the university has part-time positions for foreign students.Natasha：Yes, I know. I tried that.【D8】__________Eric：Well, it's really hard since you're a foreign student. It's actually illegal for you to work in America.Natasha：【D9】__________I know I have the right to work for the university. That's legal. But they don't have a job. And it's illegal for me to work elsewhere.Eric：【D10】__________You know there are many people working illegally in New York. Natasha：But I need a pretty decent job. I need to make enough to pay my rent at least.74.【D7】（A）（B）（C）（D）75.【D8】（A）（B）（C）（D）76.【D9】（A）（B）（C）（D）77.【D10】（A）（B）（C）（D）答案1-5.DBDDA 6-10.DCACD11-15.BDCCB 16-20.ACBBB21-25.DACBC 26-30.DABDA 31-35.DBAAD36-40.CBBDA 41-45.DBCCB46.个性是一个人特有的思维、感觉和行为模式。