名词单复数

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Unit 3 New Practical English BookⅠ名词单复数:1.可数名词与不可数名词英语名词按其语法意义分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单复数之分,如bus,boy,child 的复数分别为buses,boys,children.不可数名词没有复数形式,如furniture,anger,laughter, water 等。

一般说来,表示物质,材料之类的物质名词和表示状态,行为,品质等抽象概念的抽象名词都是不可数名词。

在特殊情况下它们也可以作可数名词。

2.使用名词单复数时应注意的事项1) 表示不可数名词量的概念,要使用单位名词。

例如,a bar of chocolate , a piece of furniture,A loft of bread, a piece of advice, a piece of news, a drop of water.2) 某些数量词语只能修饰可数名词,如many , few, a few, a large number of , a good many of 等。

3)某些数量词语只能修饰不可数名词,如much, little , a little, less a great deal of, a large number of , a quantity of 等。

4)某些数量词语既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词,如some, plenty of , lots of , a lot of, A percentage of 等5)有些名词的复数形式表示特殊的意义times 时代, works 著作, papers 论文greens蔬菜regards问候goods 货物6)有些名词常用复数形式衣着类:trousers clothes shoes gloves jeans spectacles眼镜由两个对称部分构成的工具类名词:scissors, glasses,compasses圆规这两者可用a pair of 修饰例如:This pair of trousers is mine.以ing结尾的名词:savings储蓄, earnings薪水findings调查结果surroundings环境7)以s结尾,但不是复数news,ics结尾的表示某一门学科,the United States,the United Nations 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。

8.物质名词和抽象名词通常作不可数名词,但有时也可作可数名词,作可数名词时,它们都表示较为具体的概念。

物质名词可以表示由该物质构成的物品,或表示物质的类型,品种及物质的量等,而抽象名词可以表示原因,动作情况或表某种品质,特征等。

Now people are eating more fruit than before.(fruit作不可数名词)现在人们吃水果比以前多了。

Various fruits are available in the shop. (fruit作可数名词)商店里能买到各种水果。

Recently we have had much rain. (rain作不可数名词)近来雨下得很多。

There was a heavy rain last night. (rain作可数名词)昨晚下了一场大雨。

plete the following sentences by using correct number of the nouns given in the brackets.1).Don’t always stay at home. You need a lot of sunshine / sunshines.2).The sheep / sheeps are in the meadow eating grass.3).Some of his advice is / advices are quite useful.4).Marco Polo brought firework / fireworks to Europe.5).Before the mobile, the horse-drawn carriage was a popular mean / means of transportation.6).He has made much / many progress in his field.7).Children less than five years old have emotional need / needs that only parents can fill.8).You can increase your knowledge / knowleges by studying history.9).We get all kind / kinds of information from newspapers.10).I found that I didn’t have any cash / cashes.Ⅱ. Find the choice that best completes each of the following sentences:1.They like to raise many _____ on their farm.a. sheepsb. deersc.oxesd.chickens2.There are many ______ on the wall.a. picturesb. picturec. photod. a photo3.We think he has a very happy ______.a. familyb. familiesc. housed. houses4. The study of _____ can be very interesting.a. historyb. historiesc. a historyd. the history5. They have removed _____ of his house.a. the furituresb. furituresc. the furnitured. a furniture6. They like to eat _____ of the city.a. fish and beefb. fishes and beefc. fish and beefsd. fishes and beefs7. He raised a lot of ______ on the farm.a. sheep and goatsb. sheeps and goatsc.sheep and goatsd.sheeps and goat8. Peter carried one of the _____ for the teacher.a. box of booksb.boxes of booksc. boxes of bookd. books’ boxes9. That farmers have many _______ on his farm.a. geesesb. goosenc. goosesd. geese10. Two____ are eating the grass over there.a. sheepsb. sheepc. sheepesd. shoop11.I like these dishes but _____is a little too small.a. the tea cupb. the cup of teac. the tea’s cupd. the cup for tea12.The storm has caused _____ to this region.a. many damagedb. much damagesc. much damaged.few damages13.A dozen eggs _____ $ 5 nowadays.a. has costb. costsc. costd.are cost14.His “Selected Poems” _____ in 1955.a. was first publishedb. has been first publishedc. were first publishedd. had first been published15.He invited all his _____ to join in his wedding party.a. comrades-ins-armsrades-in-armc. comrade-in-armsrades-in-arms16.All the ______ in the hospital will get a rise tomorrow.a.women-doctorsb.woman doctorsc. women doctorsd. doctors of women17.The United Nations ________ world organization.a. areb. isc.have beend. has been18._______ indicate that our theory is wrong.a. The datumb. The datums a.The datas d. The data19. Recently he has lost all his ______ at cards.a. wage and savingsb. wages and savingc. wage and savingsd. wages and savings20. The surroundings which a child grows up in usually ______ an effect on his development.a. haveb. hadc. dod. has。