数学常用词汇中英对照
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数学中英名词对照表以下是一些常见的数学中英名词对照表:1.数学(Mathematics):2.代数(Algebra):•代数方程(Algebraic equation)•多项式(Polynomial)•因子(Factor)•等式(Equation)•变量(Variable)•系数(Coefficient)3.几何(Geometry):•图形(Figure)•角度(Angle)•直线(Line)•圆(Circle)•面积(Area)•体积(Volume)•对称(Symmetry)4.统计学(Statistics):•数据(Data)•平均数(Mean)•中位数(Median)•众数(Mode)•标准差(Standard deviation)•概率(Probability)•抽样(Sampling)5.微积分(Calculus):•导数(Derivative)•积分(Integration)•极限(Limit)•微分方程(Differential equation)•曲线(Curve)•点斜式(Point-slope form)6.线性代数(Linear Algebra):•矩阵(Matrix)•行列式(Determinant)•向量(Vector)•特征值(Eigenvalue)•线性方程组(System of linear equations)•范数(Norm)7.数论(Number Theory):•质数(Prime number)•最大公约数(Greatest common divisor, GCD)•最小公倍数(Least common multiple, LCM)•同余(Congruence)•素因数分解(Prime factorization)8.逻辑学(Logic):•命题(Proposition)•范式(Normal form)•谓词(Predicate)•推理(Inference)•命题逻辑(Propositional logic)•谓词逻辑(Predicate logic)这只是数学中的一小部分术语对照表,数学领域非常广泛,涵盖了许多分支和专业术语。
数学常用词汇中英⽂文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divide by被整除dividend被除数divisor因⼦子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘⽅方radical sign,root sign根号round to四舍五⼊入tothenearest四舍五⼊入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真⼦子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、⽅方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三⾓角不等式range值域original equation原⽅方程equivalent equation同解⽅方程等价⽅方程linear equation线性⽅方程4.有关分数和⼩小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分⼦子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最⼩小)公分母quarter四分之⼀一decimal fraction纯⼩小数infinite decimal⽆无穷⼩小数recurring decimal循环⼩小数tenths' digit⼗〸十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean⼏几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube⽴立⽅方数,⽴立⽅方体square root平⽅方根cube root⽴立⽅方根common logarithm常⽤用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear⼀一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,round off四舍五⼊入6.有关数论natural number⾃自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)⽆无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最⼩小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因⼦子common factor公因⼦子ordinary scale,decimal scale⼗〸十进制nonnegative⾮非负的tens⼗〸十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公⽐比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等⽐比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针⽅方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正⽐比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion⽐比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三⾓角函数unit单位,位⼏几何部分1.所有的⾓角alternate angle内错⾓角corresponding angle同位⾓角vertical angle对顶⾓角central angle圆⼼心⾓角interior angle内⾓角exterior angle外⾓角supplementary angles补⾓角complementary angle余⾓角adjacent angle邻⾓角acute angle锐⾓角obtuse angle钝⾓角right angle直⾓角round angle周⾓角straight angle平⾓角included angle夹⾓角2.所有的三⾓角形equilateral triangle等边三⾓角形scalene triangle不等边三⾓角形isosceles triangle等腰三⾓角形right triangle直⾓角三⾓角形oblique斜三⾓角形inscribed triangle内接三⾓角形3.有关收敛的平⾯面图形,除三⾓角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同⼼心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon⼋八边形nonagon九边形decagon⼗〸十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平⾏行四边形equilateral等边形plane平⾯面square正⽅方形,平⽅方rectangle长⽅方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平⾯面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平⾏行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关⽴立体图形cube⽴立⽅方体,⽴立⽅方数rectangular solid长⽅方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多⾯面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid⽴立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude⾼高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表⾯面积volume体积arm直⾓角三⾓角形的股cross section横截⾯面center of a circle圆⼼心chord弦radius半径angle bisector⾓角平分线diagonal对⾓角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid⽴立体的⾯面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三⾓角形的直⾓角边median of a triangle三⾓角形的中线base底边,底数opposite直⾓角三⾓角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直⾓角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平⾯面8. 其它plane geometry平⾯面⼏几何trigonometry三⾓角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent美分penny⼀一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime⼀一⾓角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)Centigrade摄⽒氏Fahrenheit华⽒氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter⽶米micron微⽶米inch英⼨寸foot英尺minute分(⾓角度的度量单位,60分=1度) square measure平⽅方单位制cubic meter⽴立⽅方⽶米pint品脱(⼲干量或液量的单位)2.有关⽂文字叙述题,主要是有关商业intercalary year(leap year)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利compounded interest复利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表⽰示list price标价markup涨价per capita每⼈人ratio⽐比率retail price零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合(集)set ⾮非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers ⾃自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set⽆无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in⼦子集subset真⼦子集proper subset补集(余集)complementary set全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value⼀一元⼆二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and⾮非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition ……的充要条件是……… if and only if …函数函数function⾃自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponent根式radical根指数radical exponent被开⽅方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常⽤用对数common logarithm⾃自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number⽆无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ,arithmetic series 公差common difference等差中项arithmetic mean等⽐比数列 geometric series/progression公⽐比common ratio等⽐比中项geometric mean三⾓角函数三⾓角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正⾓角positive angle负⾓角negative angle零⾓角zero angle象限⾓角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure⾓角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最⼤大值maximum最⼩小值minimum周期period最⼩小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平⾯面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平⾏行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar 单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean⼏几何平均数geometric mean⽐比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜⾓角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式 gradient intercept form两点式two-point form⼀一般式general form夹⾓角included angle线性规划linear programming约束条件constraint condition⽬目标函数 objective function可⾏行域feasible region最优解optimal solution圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate解析⼏几何analytic geometry笛卡⼉儿Descartes标准⽅方程standard equation⼀一般⽅方程general equation参数⽅方程parameter equation参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points代数部分1、有关基本运算add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因⼦子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘⽅方radical sign, root sign根号round to四舍五⼊入to the nearest四舍五⼊入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真⼦子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三⾓角不等式range值域original equation原⽅方程equivalent equation同解⽅方程等价⽅方程linear equation线性⽅方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22) 4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分⼦子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最⼩小)公分母quarter四分之⼀一decimal fraction纯⼩小数infinite decimal⽆无穷⼩小数recurring decimal循环⼩小数tenths unit⼗〸十分位5.基本数学概arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean⼏几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube⽴立⽅方数,⽴立⽅方体square root平⽅方根cube root⽴立⽅方根common logarithm常⽤用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数complementary function余函数linear⼀一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off四舍五⼊入6.有关数论natural number⾃自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer, odd number奇数even integer, even number偶数integer, whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number, rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)⽆无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最⼩小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因⼦子common factor公因⼦子ordinary scale, decimal scale⼗〸十进制nonnegative⾮非负的tens⼗〸十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公⽐比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等⽐比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针⽅方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正⽐比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion⽐比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三⾓角函数unit单位,位几 何 部 分1.所有的角alternate angle内错⾓角corresponding angle同位⾓角vertical angle对顶⾓角central angle圆⼼心⾓角interior angle内⾓角exterior angle外⾓角supplement angles补⾓角complement angle余⾓角adjacent angle邻⾓角acute angle锐⾓角obtuse angle钝⾓角right angle直⾓角round angle周⾓角straight angle平⾓角included angle夹⾓角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三⾓角形scalene triangle不等边三⾓角形isosceles triangle等腰三⾓角形right triangle直⾓角三⾓角形oblique斜三⾓角形inscribed triangle内接三⾓角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同⼼心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon⼋八边形nonagon九边形decagon⼗〸十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平⾏行四边形equilateral等边形plane平⾯面square正⽅方形,平⽅方rectangle长⽅方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平⾏行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube⽴立⽅方体,⽴立⽅方数rectangular solid长⽅方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多⾯面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid⽴立体的6.有关图形上的附属物 altitude⾼高depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表⾯面积volume体积arm直⾓角三⾓角形的股cross section横截⾯面center of a circle圆⼼心chord弦radius半径angle bisector⾓角平分线diagonal对⾓角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid⽴立体的⾯面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三⾓角形的直⾓角边median of a triangle三⾓角形的中线base底边,底数(e.g.2的5次⽅方,2就是底数) opposite直⾓角三⾓角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直⾓角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平⾯面8.其它plane geometry平⾯面⼏几何trigonometry三⾓角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直Pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的焦距focal length major/minor axis长/短轴eccentricity离⼼心率hyperbola双曲线real axis实轴imaginary axis虚轴asymptote渐近线parabola抛物线directrix准线。
数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算:add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形,平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体,立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边,底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent 美分penny 一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime 一角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)Centigrade 摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart 夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard 码meter 米micron 微米inch 英寸foot 英尺minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure 平方单位制cubicmeter 立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题,主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation 折旧down payment 直接付款discount 打折margin 利润profit 利润interest 利息simple interest 单利compounded interest 复利dividend 红利decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了increase to 增加到increase by 增加了denote 表示list price 标价markup 涨价per capita 每人ratio 比率retail price 零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合(集)set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集(余集)complementary set全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ,arithmetic series公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression,geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。
数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算:add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形,平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体,立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边,底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1centpennynickel5dime dozen 打(12 score 廿(20个)CentigradeFahrenheitquartgallon 加仑(1gallon=4quart)yardmetermicroninchfootminute 分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度)squaremeasurecubicmeterpint 品脱(干量或液量的单位) 2. intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)common year 平年(365天)depreciationdown paymentdiscountmarginprofitinterestsimple interestcompounded interestdividenddecrease todecrease byincrease toincrease bydenotelist price markup涨per capitaratioretail price tie 打平集合与简易逻辑集合(集)set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers 正整数集the set of all positive integers 整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers 实数集the set of all real numbers 元素element 属于belong to不属于not belong to 有限集finite set 无限集infinite set 空集empty set包含inclusion, include 包含于lie in 子集subset真子集proper subset补集(余集)complementary set 全集universe 交集intersection 并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers 奇数集the set of all odd numbers 含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective 或or 且and 非not 真true 假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition 逆命题converse proposition 否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition 充分条件sufficient condition 必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ,arithmetic series公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression,geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。
数学术语英文对照表在学习数学时,不可避免地需要掌握一些数学术语。
下面是一些常见的数学术语的中英文对照表:1. 数学 Mathematics2. 数学符号 Mathematical symbol3. 数字 Digit4. 字符 Character5. 算术 Arithmetic6. 代数 Algebra7. 几何 Geometry8. 统计学 Statistics9. 概率 Probability10. 三角学 Trigonometry11. 微积分 Calculus12. 矩阵 Matrix13. 向量 Vector14. 线性代数 Linear algebra15. 数学模型 Mathematical model16. 方程 Equation17. 垂直 Perpendicular18. 平行 Parallel19. 正比例 Direct proportion20. 反比例 Inverse proportion21. 旋转 Rotation22. 缩放 Scaling23. 变形 Deformation24. 函数 Function25. 极限 Limit26. 微分 Differential27. 积分 Integral28. 中心 Central29. 对称 Symmetry30. 相似 Similarity31. 等式 Equality32. 不等式 Inequality33. 方形 Rectangle34. 正方形 Square35. 圆 Circle36. 椭圆 Ellipse37. 球球体 Sphere38. 三角形 Triangle39. 直角三角形 Right triangle40. 等腰三角形 Isosceles triangle41. 等边三角形 Equilateral triangle42. 直线 Line43. 射线 Ray44. 线段 Line segment45. 弧 Arc46. 正弦 Sine47. 余弦 Cosine48. 正切 Tangent49. 余切 Cotangent50. 弦 Chord总之,数学术语是数学学习的基础,掌握数学术语对于提高数学能力以及学好数学至关重要。
数学常用词汇中英文对照数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算:add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形,平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体,立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边,底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline 数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe 外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral 多边的1、单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart 夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard 码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度)squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题,主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit 利润interest利息simple interest 单利compounded interest 复利dividend 红利decrease to 减少到decrease by减少了increase to 增加到increase by增加了denote 表示list price标价markup涨价per capita 每人ratio比率retail price零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合(集)set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers 自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers 元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集(余集)complementary set 全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers 奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是……… if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function 映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval 反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequence of number 无穷数列infinite sequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ,arithmetic series公差common difference等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression,geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base 基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean 几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式 gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数 objective function 可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。
数学术语英文对照表数学是一门具有广泛应用的科学,其术语涉及面广,且大部分都是英文。
因此,了解数学术语的英文对照表对于学习和应用数学都非常重要。
以下是数学术语英文对照表:1. 加法(Addition):指两个或多个数相加的操作。
2. 减法(Subtraction):指从一个数中减去另一个数的操作。
3. 乘法(Multiplication):指两个或多个数相乘的操作。
4. 除法(Division):指将一个数分成几个相等的部分的操作。
5. 平方(Square):指一个数乘以自己的操作。
6. 立方(Cube):指一个数乘以自己两次的操作。
7. 根号(Square Root):指一个数的平方根,即乘以自己等于该数的数。
8. 对数(Logarithm):指以某个数为底的幂的指数。
9. 指数(Exponent):指一个数的幂,即该数自乘若干次的结果。
10. 分数(Fraction):指一个数被另一个数除以的结果。
11. 百分数(Percentage):指一个数乘以100的结果。
12. 四则运算(Arithmetic):指加、减、乘、除四种基本运算。
13. 代数(Algebra):指使用字母和符号来表示数学问题的分支学科。
14. 几何(Geometry):指研究空间中点、线、面等几何图形的学科。
15. 概率(Probability):指描述事件发生可能性的数学分支。
16. 统计(Statistics):指收集、整理、分析数据的学科。
17. 微积分(Calculus):指研究变化和运动的学科。
18. 矩阵(Matrix):指由数列或数表排成的矩形阵列。
19. 向量(Vector):指具有大小和方向的量。
20. 微分方程(Differential Equation):指包含未知函数及其导数的方程。
以上是数学术语英文对照表的部分内容。
掌握这些术语的英文对照是理解数学概念和应用数学的基础。
在学习数学的过程中,我们还需要掌握一些基本的数学符号,如加号(+)、减号(-)、乘号(×或·)、除号(÷或/)、等于号(=)、大于号(>)、小于号(<)、左括号(()、右括号())、逗号(,)、小数点(.)等。
算术的基础词汇对照表和sum差difference积product商quotient加法addition减法subtraction乘法multiplication除法division余数remainder符号sign实数real number整数integers自然数natural numbers有理数rational number无理数irrational number分数fractions分子numerator分母denominator正positive负negative零zero无限大infinity复素数complex number复素平面complex plane实数部real part虚数部imaginary part绝対值absolute value, modulus 总和summation定数constant系数coefficient变量variable函数function演算operation平方square(d)立方cube(d)平方根square root立方根cubic root乘power比率ratio比例proportional (to)方程式equation根、解root, solution等式equality不等式inequality右边right-hand side左边left-hand side等于equal to大于(小于)greater than ~(less than ~)~以上(以下)greater than or equal to ~(less than or equal to ~)无限infinite有限finite输入input输出output代入substitute变换transform存在exist假定assume证明prove分析analyze代数演算的词汇对照线性演算linear operation因数factor因数分解factorization因数分解factorize对数logarithm对数的底base一次結合linear combination一维空间one-dimensional spacen维空间n-dimensional space向量空间vector space维数dimension次数degree欧几里得空间Euclidean space非线性non-linear非齐次inhomogeneous复数平面complex plane齐次函数homogeneous function联立方程式simultaneous equations矩阵matrix ([pl.] matrices)行row列column逆矩阵matrix inverse矩阵转置transpose of matrix线性无关linearly independent线性相关linearly dependent特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特征值问题eigenvalue problem行列式determinant迹trace阶数rank对角矩阵diagonal matrix对角元素diagonal elements非对角元素off-diagonal elements对角化diagonalize成员component内积inner product微积分、解析词汇对照连续函数continuous function微分differentiate微分differential可微分differentiable微分算子differential operator差分difference导数derived function, derivative微分方程differential equation常微分方程ordinary differential equation偏微分方程partial differential equation微分方程组simultaneous differential equations 平凡解general solution特殊解particular solution拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier常数项constant term积分integrate积分integral可积integrable不定积分indefinite integral定积分definite integral任意常数arbitrary constant展开expandMaclaurin展开Maclaurin expansionTaylor展开Taylor expansion极大值maximal value极小值minimal value最大值maximum ([pl. ] maxima)最小值minimum ([pl. ] minima)测度measure可测measurable函数的functional拓扑词汇对照拓扑topology・相对拓扑relative topology・弱拓扑weak topology・离散拓扑discrete topology扩张extension限制restriction分离公理separation axiom求和公理axiom of countability可数集合countable set范数norm距离metric, distance距离空间metric space收敛converge・一致收敛uniform(ly)・逐点收敛pointwise发散diverge闭集合closed set开集合open set闭包closure极限点point of closure内点inner point邻域neighborhood过滤器filter局部locally极限limit基本列fundamental sequence Cauchy列Cauchy sequence子列subsequence连续continuous・一致连续uniformly continuous・同等连续equicontinuous紧compact紧化compactification有限交性finite intersection property 有限覆盖finite covering一致uniformly完备complete上界upper bound下界lower bound有界bounded全有界totally bounded上限least upper bound(L.U.B.), supremum (sup) 下限greatest lower bound(G.L.B.), infimum (inf) 稠密dense可分separable连接connectedHilbert空间Hilbert spaceBanach空间Banach space同胚homeomorphic数学的一般理论词汇英文对照科学science算术arithmetic几何学geometry代数algebra微积分calculus解析学analysis概率论probability theory统计学statistics方法method分析analysis逻辑logic理论theory定义definition命题proposition假说hypothesis公理axiom要件postulate定理theorem证明proof假定assumption结论conclusion证明终止Q.E.D. (quod erat demonstrundum)引理lemma系corollary反例counter-example反证法reductio ad absurdum对偶contraposition逆converse恒等式identity英语文献常用词及其缩写Abstracts Abstr. 文摘Abbreviation 缩语和略语Acta 学报Advances 进展Annals Anna. 纪事Annual Annu. 年鉴,年度Semi-Annual 半年度Annual Review 年评Appendix Appx 附录Archives 文献集Association Assn 协会Author 作者Bibliography 书目,题录Biological Abstract BA 生物学文摘Bulletin 通报,公告Chemical Abstract CA 化学文摘Citation Cit 引文,题录Classification 分类,分类表College Coll. 学会,学院Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CD-ROM 只读光盘Company Co. 公司Content 目次Co-term 配合词,共同词Cross-references 相互参见Digest 辑要,文摘Directory 名录,指南Dissertations Diss. 学位论文Edition Ed. 版次Editor Ed. 编者、编辑Excerpta Medica EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encyclopedia 百科全书The Engineering Index Ei 工程索引Et al 等等European Patent Convertion EPC 欧洲专利协定Federation 联合会Gazette 报,公报Guide 指南Handbook 手册Heading 标题词Illustration Illus. 插图Index 索引Cumulative Index 累积索引Index Medicus IM 医学索引Institute Inst. 学会、研究所International Patent Classification IPC 国际专利分类法International Standard Book Number ISBN 国际标准书号International Standard Series Number ISSN 国际标准刊号Journal J. 杂志、刊Issue 期(次)Keyword 关键词Letter Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manual 手册Medical Literature Analysis and MADLARS 医学文献分析与检索系统Retrieval SystemMedical Subject Headings MeSH 医学主题词表Note 札记Papers 论文Patent Cooperation Treaty PCT 国际专利合作条约Precision Ratio 查准率Press 出版社Procceedings Proc. 会报、会议录Progress 进展Publication Publ. 出版物Recall Ratio 查全率Record 记录、记事Report 报告、报导Review 评论、综述Sciences Abstracts SA 科学文摘Section Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selective Dissemination of Information SDI 定题服务Seminars 专家讨论会文集Series Ser. 丛书、辑Society 学会Source 来源、出处Subheadings 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subject 主题Summary 提要Supplement Suppl. 附刊、增刊Survey 概览Symposium Symp. 专题学术讨论会Thesaurus 叙词表、词库Title 篇名、刊名、题目Topics 论题、主题Transactions 学报、汇刊Volume Vol. 卷World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO 世界知识产权World Patent Index WPI 世界专利索引Yearbook 年鉴一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数,幂exponent乘方power二次方,平方square三次方,立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根square root三次方根,立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列,级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number 无理数irrational number 实数real number虚数imaginary number 复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid 五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon 圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron 十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE) 重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE) 内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率,或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram高等数学词汇Aabbreviation 简写符号;简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accuracy 准确度acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) (概率)加法定律additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic operation 代数运算alternate angle (交)错角alternate segment 交错弓形altitude 高;高度;顶垂线;高线ambiguous case 两义情况;二义情况amount 本利和;总数analysis 分析;解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直?与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线?;分角线?angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角;交角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角annum(X% per annum) 年(年利率X%)anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中顶;算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数;等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定;假设average 平均;平均数;平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of symmetry 对称轴Bback substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图;条线图;条形图;线条图base (1)底;(2)基;基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线?base number 底数;基数base of logarithm 对数的底bearing 方位(角);角方向(角)bell-shaped curve 钟形图bias 偏差;偏倚binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial expression 二项式bisect 平分;等分bisection method 分半法;分半方法bisector 等分线?;平分线? boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线);边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图Ccalculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器cancel 消法;相消canellation law 消去律capacity 容量Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面category 类型;范畴central line 中线?central tendency 集中趋centre 中心;心centre of a circle 圆心centroid 形心;距心certain event 必然事件chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元;变量的换chart 图;图表checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形;圆的circular function 圆函数;三角函数circular measure 弧度法circumcentre 外心;外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆class 区;组;类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间;组距class limit 组限;区限class mark 组中点;区中点classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise dirction 顺时针方向closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线?collinear planes 共线面column (1)列;纵行;(2) 柱combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因子;公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数;公倍common ratio 公比common tangetn 公切? commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图complement 余;补余complementary angle 余角complementary event 互补事件complementary probability 互补概率completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex root 复数根composite number 复合数;合成数compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利;复利息computation 计算computer 计算机;电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句;条件式cone 锥;圆锥(体)congruence (1)全等;(2)同余congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形cconjugate 共轭consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数;相邻数consequence 结论;推论consequent 条件;后项consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的;相容的constant 常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constraint 约束;约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例contradiction 矛盾converse 逆(定理)converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何;坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理;系;推论correct to 准确至;取值至correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角;(2)对应角corresponding sides 对应边cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数;计数criterion 准则critical point 临界点cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面;横截面;截痕cube 正方体;立方;立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方;立方;三次(的)cubic equation 三次方程cuboid 长方体;矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative frequecy 累积频数;累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲?cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形;累积频率直方图curve 曲线?curve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved line 曲线?curved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cylinder 柱;圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的Ddata 数据decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数;下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列;下降序列decreasing series 递减级数;下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的;定的distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distrivutive law 分配律divide 除dividend (1)被除数;(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形dot 点double root 二重根due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北definiton 定义degree (1)度;(2)次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of precision 精确度delete 删除;删去denary number 十进数denary scale 十进法denary system 十进制denominator 分母dependence (1)相关;(2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件;相依事件;从属事件dependent variable 应变量;应变数depreciation 折旧descending order 递降序descending powers of X X的降序detached coefficients 分离系数(法)deviation 偏差;变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角?diagram 图;图表diameter 直径difference 差digit 数字dimension 量;量网;维(数)direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向角directed number 有向数direction 方向;方位discontinuous 间断(的);非连续(的);不连续(的) discount 折扣discount per cent 折扣百分率discrete 分立;离散discrete data 离散数据;间断数据discriminant 判别式dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证Eedge 棱;边elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法elongation 伸张;展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率;经验概率enclosure 界限end point 端点entire surd 整方根equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns(variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)extreme value 极值equidistant 等距(的)equilaeral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equivalent 等价(的)error 误差escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计;估计量Euler's formula 尤拉公式;欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值;预期值experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率exponent 指数express…in terms of….. 以………表达expression 式;数式extension 外延;延长;扩张;扩充exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角?external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点Fface 面factor 因子;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理;因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解;因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解FALSE 假(的)feasible solution 可行解;容许解Fermat’s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数;黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形);(2)数字finite 有限finite population 有限总体finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点flow chart 流程图foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xform 形式;型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式;规格formula(formulae) 公式four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数;分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠frequency 频数;频率frequency distribution 频数分布;频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形frustum 平截头体function 函数function of function 复合函数;迭函数functional notation 函数记号Ggain 增益;赚;盈利gain per cent 赚率;增益率;盈利百分率game (1)对策;(2)博奕general form 一般式;通式general solution 通解;一般解general term 通项geoborad 几何板geometric mean 几何平均数;等比中项geometric progression 几何级数;等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何;几何学given 给定;已知golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率;倾斜率;(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像;图形;图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示;以图样表达graphical solution 图解greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组;?grouped data 分组数据;分类数据grouping terms 并项;集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子Hhalf closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间head 正面(钱币)height 高(度)hemisphere 半球体;半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子;最高公因式;最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图;直方图;矩形图horizontal 水平的;水平horizontal line 横线?;水平线?hyperbola 双曲线?hypotenuse 斜边Iidentical 全等;恒等identity 等(式)identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…., then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary root 虚根implication 蕴涵式;蕴含式imply 蕴涵;蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数inclination 倾角;斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusive 包含的;可兼的inconsistent 不相的(的);不一致(的)increase 递增;增加increasing function 递增函数interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角internal bisector 内分角?internal division 内分割internal point of division 内分点inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集;(2)相交;(3)交点interval 区间intuition 直观invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的;(2)不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例;逆比例inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分);逆变(分)irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isosceles triangle 等腰三角形increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量independence 独立;自变independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量;独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的;(2)不定元;未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数;未定系数indeterminate form 待定型;不定型index,indices 指数;指index notation 指数记数法inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号infinite 无限;无穷infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列;无穷序列infinite series 无限级数;无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小;无穷小infinity 无限(大);无穷(大)initial point 始点;起点initial side 始边initial value 初值;始值input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的integer 整数integral index 整数指数integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值intercept 截距;截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角Jjoint variation 联变(分);连变(分)Kknown 己知LL.H.S. 末项law 律;定律law of indices 指数律;指数定律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数;最低公倍式least value 最小值lemma 引理length 长(度)letter 文字;字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limit 极限line 线;行line of best-fit 最佳拟合?line of greatest slope 最大斜率的直?;最大斜率?line of intersection 交线?line segment 线段linear 线性;一次linear equation 线性方程;一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程;二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式;线性不等式linear programming 线性规划literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论;逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loss 赔本;亏蚀loss per cent 赔率;亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数Mmagnitude 量;数量;长度;大小major arc 优弧;大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形;大扇形major segment 优弓形;大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数;对数的定值部many-sided figure 多边形marked price 标价mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值);平均数;中数mean deviation 中均差;平均偏差measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度median (1)中位数;(2)中线?meet 相交;相遇mensuration 计量;求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of substitution 代换法;换元法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值minor (1)子行列式;(2)劣;较小的minor arc 劣弧;小弧minor axis 短轴minor sector 劣扇形;小扇形minor segment 劣弓形;小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型monomial 单项式multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative property 可乘性multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直?Nn factorial n阶乘n th root n次根;n次方根natural number 自然数negative 负negative angle 负角negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)n-gon n边形nonagon 九边形non-collinear 不共线?non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零normal (1)垂直的;正交的;法线的(2)正态的(3)正常的;正规的normal curve 正态分记?伲怀1分记?伲徽?媲?伲徽?忧?? normal distribution 正态分布,常态分布normal form 法线式notation 记法;记号number 数number line 数线?number pair 数偶number pattern 数型number plane 数平面number system 数系numeral 数字;数码numeral system 记数系统numerator 分子numerical 数值的;数字的numerical expression 数字式numerical method 计算方法;数值法Ooblique 斜的oblique cone 斜圆锥oblique triangle 斜三角形obtuse angle 钝角obtuse-angled triangle 钝角三角形octagon 八边形octahedron 八面体odd function 奇函数odd number 奇数one-one correspondence 一一对应open interval 开区间open sentence 开句operation 运算opposite angle 对角opposite interior angle 内对角opposite side 对边optimal solution 最优解order (1)序;次序;(2)阶;级ordered pair 序偶origin 原点outcome 结果output 输出overlap 交迭;相交Pparabola 拋物线?parallel 平行(的)parallel lines 平行(直线) parallelogram 平行四边形parameter 参数;参变量partial fraction 部分分数;分项分式polar coordinate system 极坐标系统polar coordinates 极坐标pole 极polygon 多边形polyhedron 多面体polynomial 多项式polynomial equation 多项式方程positive 正positive index 正指数positive integer 正整数positive number 正数power (1)幂;乘方;(2)功率;(3)检定力precise 精密precision 精确度prime 素prime factor 质因子;质因素prime number 素数;质数primitive (1)本原的;原始的;(2)原函数principal (1)主要的;(2)本金prism 梭柱(体);角柱(体)prismoid 平截防庾短?probability 概率problem 应用题produce 延长product 乘积;积product rule 积法则profit 盈利profit per cent 盈利百分率profits tax 利得税progression 级数proof 证(题);证明proper fraction 真分数property 性质property tax 物业税proportion 比例proportional 成比例protractor 量角器pyramid 棱锥(体);角锥(体) Pythagoras’ Theorem 勾股定理Pythagorean triplet 毕氏三元数组partial sum 部分和partial variation 部分变(分) particular solution 特解Pascal’s triangle 帕斯卡斯三角形pattern 模型;规律pegboard 有孔版pentadecagon 十五边形pentagon 五边形per cent 百分率percentage 百分法;百分数percentage decrease 百分减少percentage error 百分误差percentage increase 百分增加percentile 百分位数perfect number 完全数perfecr square 完全平方perimeter 周长;周界period 周期periodic function 周期函数permutation 排列。
数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1.有关基本运算add. plus加subtract 减difference 差multiply.time s 乘product 积divide 除divisible可被整除的divide by被整除dividend被除数divisor因了除数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乗geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数.券base乘辑的底数.底边cube立方数、立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常圧对数digit数字constant 常数variable 变量inversefunction 反函数complementary function余函数linear-次的,线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value绝对值,round off四舍五入power乘方radical sign.root sign根号round to四舍五入totlienearest 四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number 正数negative number负数2.有关集合union并集proper subset宾了-集solution set解集odd integer.odd number奇数even integer.even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms.similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation 同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程consecutive number连续整数realnumber.rational nunber实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse 倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal 倒数common divisor公约数multiple 倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因了- common factor公因了・ordinary scale.decimal scale十进制4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction®分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction. common fraction 普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerate r 分了・denominator 分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之_ decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenths,digit十分位nonnegative 非负的tens十位units个位mode 众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progressionisequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate 近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值ordinal中数direct proportion 正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似line segment线段parentheses 括号parallel lines平行线proportion 比例segment of a circle弧形permutation 排列combination 组合5•有关立体图形table表格cube立方体、立方数trigonometric function三角函数rectangular solid长方体unit单位.位regular solid/regular pclyiiedron 正多面体几何部分circular cylinder圆柱体cone|31 锥1 .所有的角sphere球体alternate angle内错角solid立体的corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle对顶角6.有关图形上的附属物central angle圆心角altitude 高interior angle内角depth深度exterior angle 外角side边长supplementary angles补角circumference.perimeter 周长complementary angle余角radian弧度adjacent angle邻角surface area 表面积acute angle锐角volume体积obtuse angle钝角arm直角三角形的股right angle直角cross section横截面round angle 周角center of a circle圆心straight angle平角chord 弦included angle夹角radius半径2.所有的三角形angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线equilateral triangle等边三角形diameter 直径scalene triangle不等边三角形edge 梭isosceles triangle等腰三角形face of a solid立体的面right triangle直角三角形hypotenuse 斜边oblique斜三角形included side 夹边inscribed triangle内接三角形leg三角形的直角边3.有关收敛的平面图形.除三角形外median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边,底数semicircle 半圆opposite直角三角形中的对边concentric circles同心圆midpoint 中点quadrilateral 四边形endpoint 端点pentagon五边形vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点hexagon六边形tangent切线的heptagon t边形transversal 截线octagon八边形intercept 截距nonagon九边形decagon十边形7•有关坐标polygon多边形coordinate system坐标系parallelogram平行四边形rectangular coordinate直角坐标系equilateral 等边形origin原点plane平面abscissa横坐标square iE方形.平方ordinate纵坐标rectangle长方形number line数轴regular polygon正多边形quadrant 象限rhombus 菱形slope斜率trapezoid 梯形complex plane复平面4其它平面图形8.其它arc弧plane geometry平面几何line.straight line 直线trigonometry 三角学bisect平分非负整数集the set of all non-negat^e integers circumscribe 外切自然数集the set of all natural numbers inscribe 内切正整数集the set of all positive integers intersect相交整数集the set of all integersperpendicular 垂直有理数集the set of all rational numbers pytiiagorean theorem 勾股定理实数集the set of all real numberscongruent全等的元素elementmultilateral 多边的属于belong to1.单位类不属于not belong to 有限集finite setcent美分九限集infinite setpenny一美分硬币空集empty setnickels美分硬币包含inclusion, includedime一角硬币包含于lie indozen打(12个)了集subsetscore 廿(20 个)且了•集proper subsetCentigrade 摄氏补集(余集)complementary setFahrenheit 华氏全集universequart夸脱交集 intersectiongallon 加仑(1gallon=4quart)并集unionyard 码偶数集the set of all even numbersmeter 米奇数集the set of all odd numbersmicron微米含绝对值的不等式inch英寸inequality with absolute valuefoot英尺一元二次不等式minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度)one-variable quadratic inequalitysquare measure平方单位制逻辑logiccubic meter立方米逻辑联结词logic connectivepint品脱(干量或液量的单位)或or2.有关文字叙述题、主要是有关商业旦and 非notintercalary year(leap year)闰年(366天)真truecommon year平年(365天)假falsedepreciation 折旧真偵表truth tabledown payment直接付款原命題original propositiondiscount 打折逆命題converse propositionmargin利润否命題negative propositionprofit利涧逆否命題converse-negative propositioninterest 利息充分条件sufficient conditionsimple interest单利必要条件necessary conditioncompounded interest复利充要条件sufficient and necessary condition dividend 红利……的充要条件是……decrease to减少到... if and only if ...decrease by减少了increase to増加到函数increase by增加了函数functiondenote表示自变量argumentlist price标价定义域domainmarkup涨价偵域rangeper capit□每人区间intervalratio比率闭区间closed intervalretail price零侔价开区间open intervaltie打平函数的图象graph of function集合与简易逻辑映射mapping 象image 原象inverse image集合(集)set 单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function 単调区间monotone interxal 反函数inverse function 指数exponent 根式radical 根指数radical exponent 被开方数radicand 指数函数exponential function 对数logarithm 常用对数common logarithm Q 然对数natural logarithm 对数函数logarithmic function 数列数歹ijsequence of number 项term 通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequence of number 无穷数歹ijinfinite sequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula 等差数列arithmetic progression . arithmetic series 公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean 等比数列geometric series/progression 公比common ratio 等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side 终边terminal side 正角positive angle 负角negative angle 零角zero angle 象限角quadrant angle 弧度radian 弧度制radian measure 角度制degree measure 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent 正割secant 余割c osecant 诱导公式induction formula 正弦曲线sine curve 余弦曲线cosine curve 最大fftmaximum 最小fftminimum 周期period 最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function 抚]幅amplitude of vibration 频率frequency 相位phase 初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine 反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent 平面向量有向线段directed line segment 数量scalar quantity 向量vector 零向量zero vector 相等向量equal vector 共线向量collinear vectors 平行向量parallel vectors 向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar 单位向量unit vector 基底base基向量base vectors 平移translation 数量积inner product 正弦定理sine theorem 余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic rrean 几何平均数geometric mean 比较法method of compare 综合法method of synthesis 分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination 斜率gradient 点斜式point slope form 截距intercept 斜截式gradient interceot form 两点式tu'o-point form 一般式general form 夹角included angle 线性规划linear prograrrming 约束条件constraint condition 冃标函数objective function 可行infeasible region 最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve 坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes 标准方程standard equation一股方程general equation 参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter 13锥曲线point conic 椭圆ellipse 焦点focus, focal pointscube root立方根/,审关迅肃common logarithm常圧对数add. plus加digit数字subtract 减constant 常数difference 差variable 变量multiply, times乘inverse function反函数product 积complementary function余函数divide 除linear-次的,线性的divisible可被整除的factorization 因式分解divided evenly被整除absolute value绝对值.e.g.|-32|=32dividend被除数round off四舍五人divisor因子、除数6名关以论quotient 商natural number fl 然数remainder 余数positive number 正数factorial 阶乗negative number负数power乘方odd integer, odd number奇数radical sign, root sign根号even integer, even number偶数round to四舍五入integer, whole number整数to the nearest四舍五入positive whole number正整数2彳关県金negative whole number负整数union并集consecutive number连续整数proper subset宾了-集real number, rational number实数,有理数solution set解集irrational(number)无理数3.4关代微R,方奴和系*武inverse 倒数algebraic term代数项composite number合数e.g.4,6.S t9.10t12.14.15 like terms, similar terms同类项prime number质数e.g.2,3.5,7,11,13.15 ...... numerical coefficient数字系数reciprocal 倒数literal coefficient字母系数common divisor公约数inequality 不等式multiple 倍数triangle inequality三角不等式(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数range值域(prime)factor(质)因子original equation原方程common factor公因了・equivalent equation 同解方程ordinary scale, decimal scale十进制等价方程nonnegative 非负的linear equation线性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22) tens十位4 a关令微衣日,教units个位proper fraction真分数mode众数improper fraction假分数median中数mixed number带分数common ratio公比vulgar fraction. common fraction 普通分数7.數列simple fraction简分数arithmetic progressionisequence)等差数列complex fraction繁分数geometric progression(sequence)等比数列numerato r 分了・球空denominator 分母approximate 近似(least)common denominator(最小)公分母(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向quarter四分之_ cardinal 基数decimal fraction纯小数ordinal 序数infinite decimal无穷小数direct proportion lEkErecurring decimal循环小数distinct不同的tenths unit十分位estimation估计.近似parentheses 括号arithmetic mean算术平均值proportion 比例weighted average加权平均值permutation 排列geometric mean几何平均数combination 组合exponent指数、蒂table表格base乘雑的底数,底边trigonometric function三角函数cube立方数.立方体unit单位.位square root平方根几倒都含7.所】的有alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角centralangle|3|心角interior angle内角exterior angle 外角supplement angles补角complement angle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle 周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2所彳的三角怡equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形彳关就孜的単血田布,险三南彬外semicircle 半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon t 边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane平面square正方形.平方rectangle长方形regular polygoniE多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4.戻它4•面曲弔arc弧line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle引R形s.a关或作曲弔cube立方体.立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid'regular polyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder^柱体cone |S)锥sphere球体solid立体的6名关曲衫上的附属於altitude depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cross section横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦radius半径angle bisectorffj平分线diagonal对角线diameter 直径edge 梭face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse 斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边.底数(e.g.2的5次方.2就是底数)opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距7. %关殳称coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate it 角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant 象限slope斜率complex plane复平面球它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect平分circumscribe 外切inscribe 内切intersect相交perpendicular 垂直Pythagorean tlieorem 勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral 多边的焦距focal length major/minor axis长 / 短轴eccentricity 离心率hyperbola双曲线real axis实轴imaginary axis虚轴asymptote渐近线parabola^ 物线directrix 准线。
数学常用词汇中英文对照——数学词汇整理————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:数学常用词汇中英文对照Mathematical vocabulary一、代数部分(Algebra part)1、有关计算some basic operationadd[æd,plus[plʌs]加subtract[səbˈtrækt]减difference[ˈdifərəns]差multiply[ˈmʌltiplai],times[taɪmz]乘product[ˈprɔdʌkt]积divide[diˈvaid]除divisible[dɪˈvɪzəbəl]可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend[ˈdividend],美[ˈdɪvɪˌdɛnd] 被除数divisor[dɪˈvaɪzə] 因子,除数quotient[ˈkwəʊʃənt]商remainder[riˈmeində] 余数factorial[fækˈtɔ:riəl]阶乘power[ˈpauə] 乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号round to四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合setsEmpty [ˈempti]sets空集Subset[ˈsʌbset]子集Intersection[intəˈsekʃən]交集union[ˈju:njən] 并集complement[ˈkɔmplimənt] 补集proper[ˈprɔpə] subset真子集solution [səˈlu:ʃən]set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式(algebraic expression, equation and inequalities)algebraic term[ˌældʒiˈbreiik tə:m]代数项like[laik] terms,similar[ˈsimilə] terms同类项numerical coefficient[nju:ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]数字系数literal coefficient[ˈlitərəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]字母系数inequality[ˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:] 不等式triangle inequality[ˈtraiæŋɡlˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:]三角不等式range[reindʒ]值域original equation[əˈridʒinəl iˈkweiʃən] 原方程equivalent equation[iˈkwivələnt iˈkweiʃən]同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)Binomial[baiˈnəumiəl] 【GMAT】二项式Trinomial [traiˈnəumjəl] 【GMAT】三相式Complete quadratic [kwəˈdrætik]equation[iˈkweiʃən]【GMAT】完全二次方程Complementary [ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri:, -tri:] function 【GMAT】余函数Equivalence[ɪˈkwɪvələns] relation 【GMAT】等价关系Factorable quadratic [kwəˈdrætik]equation 【GMAT】可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete[ˌɪnkəmˈpli:t] quadratic equation 【GMAT】不完全二次方程be equivalent [iˈkwivələnt] to anther equation【GRE】与另一方程痛解clear an equation of fractions[ˈfrækʃəns]分式方程整式化like(similar) terms[laik tə:ms] 同类项unlike[ˌʌnˈlaik] terms非同类项【GRE】numerical coefficient[nju:ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt] 【GRE】数字系数4.有关分数和小数(fraction and decimal)proper [ˈprɔpə]fraction[ˈfrækʃən真分数improper[ɪmˈprɔpə] fraction假分数mixed number[mɪkst ˈnʌmbə]带分数vulgar fraction[ˈvʌlɡəˈfrækʃən],common[ˈkɔmən] fraction普通分数simple[ˈsimpl] fraction简分数complex[ˈkɔmpleks] fraction繁分数numerator[ˈnu:məˌreɪtə, ˈnju:-] 分子denominator[dɪˈnɔməˌneɪtə]分母(least)common denominator([li:st])[ˈkɔmən dɪˈnɔməˌneɪtə] (最小)公分母quarter[ˈkwɔ:tə]四分之一decimal fraction[ˈdesiməl ˈfrækʃən]纯小数infinite decimal[ˈinfinitˈdesiməl ] 无穷小数recurring decimal[riˈkəːriŋˈdesiməl ]循环小数tenthsunit十分位Equivalent[iˈkwivələnt] fractions[ˈfrækʃən]【GMAT】等值分数Mixed[mɪkst] 【GMAT】decimal 混合小数cancellation[ˌkænsəˈleɪʃən]【GRE】约掉,消掉calculate to three decimal places计算结果保留三位小数invert[inˈvə:t] a fraction[ˈfrækʃən]【GRE】求一个分数的倒数5.基本数学概念(elementary mathematical concepts)arithmetic mean[əˈriθmətik mi:n]] 算术平均值weighted average[ˈweitidˈævəridʒ] 加权平均值geometric[ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk] mean几何平均数exponent[eksˈpəunənt]指数,幂base[beis] 乘幂的底数,底边cube[kju:b] 立方数,立方体square[skwɛə] root[ru:t] 平方根cube root[kju:b ru:t ]立方根common logarithm[ˈlɔ:gəˌrɪðəm, ˈlɔgə-] 常用对数digit[ˈdidʒit] 数字constant[ˈkɔnstənt] 常数variable[ˈvɛəriəbl,ˈveəriəbl]变量inversefunction反函数complementary[ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri:, -tri:] function[ˈfʌŋkʃən]余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value[ˈæbsəlu:t ˈvælju]绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off[raund,ɔf]四舍五入mean proportional[prəˈpɔ:ʃənəl]【GRE】比例中项to the nearest 10% 精确到10%6.有关数论(numbers)natural[ˈnætʃərəl,ˈnætʃrəl] number[ˈnʌmbə,ˈnʌmbə(r)] 自然数positive[ˈpɔzitiv] number正数negative[ˈneɡətiv] number负数odd integer[ɔd ˈɪntɪdʒə ],odd number奇数even[ˈi:vən] integer,even number偶数integer,whole number[həul ˈnʌmbə] 整数positive [ˈpɔzitiv]whole number正整数negative[ˈneɡətiv] whole number负整数consecutive[kənˈsekjutiv,kənˈsekjətɪv] number连续整数real [riəl,ˈriːəl]number,rational[ˈræʃənl] number实数,有理数irrational[ɪˈræʃənəl](number)无理数nonzero[ˈnɔnziərəu]非零;非零的【GRE】inverse[ɪnˈvɜ:s, ˈɪnˌvɜ:s]倒数composite[ˈkɔmpəzit] number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime[praim] number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal[riˈsiprəkəl] 倒数common divisor[ˈkɔmən dɪˈvaɪzə]公约数multiple[ˈmʌltipl]倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(praim)[ˈfæktə](质)因子common factor公因子Complex conjugate [ˈkɔndʒəɡeit]【GMAT】复共轭ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative[ˈnɔnˈneɡətiv] 非负的tens[tens]十位units[ˈju:nit]个位mode[məud]众数median[ˈmi:di:ən] 中数common ratio[ˈreiʃiəu]公比Infinity [ɪnˈfɪnɪti:] 【GMAT】无穷大Infinitesimal [ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtesəməl]【GMAT】无穷小aliquot[ˈælikwɔt]除得尽数【GRE】aliquant除不尽数【GRE】7.数列(sequence)arithmetic[əˈriθmətik] progression(sequence[ˈsi:kwəns] )等差数列geometric[ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk] progression[prəˈgreʃən](sequence)等比数列8.其它(others)approximate[əˈprɔksimit]近似approximately[əˈprɔksimitli] 【GRE】近似的,大约的approximation[əˌprɔksəˈmeɪʃən] 【GRE】近似,近似值(anti)clockwise(ˈænti)[ˈklɔkwaiz](逆)顺时针方向cardinal[ˈkɑ:dinl]基数ordinal [ˈɔ:dnəl]序数direct proportion[diˈrekt prəˈpɔ:ʃən]正比distinct[disˈtiŋkt]不同的estimation[ˌestəˈmeɪʃən] 估计,近似parentheses括号proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃən]比例permutation[ˌpɜ:mjʊˈteɪʃən]排列combination[ˌkɔmbiˈneiʃən]组合probability[ˌprɔbəˈbiliti] 概率,或然率distribution [ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən]分布normal distribution[ˈnɔ:məl ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən ]正态分布graph[ɡrɑ:f] 图表bar [bɑːr]graph条形统计图histogram[ˈhistəuɡræm] 柱形统计图broken line graph[ˈbrəukən lain]折线统计图curve[kə:v,kɜːv/]diagram[ˈdaiəɡræm]曲线统计图pie[pai]diagram扇形统计图Numerical [nju:ˈmerikəl] analysis【GMAT】数值分析Mutually exclusive [i ksˈklu:siv]【GMA T】互相排斥Standard [ˈstændəd] deviationdeviation [ˌdi:vi:ˈeɪʃən] 【GMA T】标准方差Algebra [ˈældʒibrə]代数学【GRE】algebraic expression[iksˈpreʃən]【GRE】代数式algebraic [ˌældʒiˈbreiik]term 【GRE】代数项assume that[əˈsju:m]【GRE】假定义……at random[ˈrændəm]【GRE】随机地round brackets[raund brækɪt] ;parentheses[pəˈrenθɪsɪs]圆括号【GRE】square[skwɛə] brackets方括号【GRE】braces['breisiz] 花括号【GRE】几何部分 (Geometry part)1.所有的角(angles)alternate[ɔ:lˈtə:nit] angle[ˈæŋɡl]内错角corresponding[ˌkɔrisˈpɔndiŋ,ˌkɒrəˈspɒndɪŋ] angle同位角vertical [ˈvə:tikəl]angle对顶角central [ˈsentrəl]angle圆心角interior[inˈtiəriə] angle内角exterior[eksˈtiəriə] angle外角supplement[ˈsʌpliment] aryangles补角complement [ˈkɔmplimənt]aryangle余角adjacent[əˈdʒeisənt] angle邻角acute [əˈkju:t]angle锐角obtuse [ɔbˈtu:s, -ˈtju:s, əb-] angle钝角right [rait]angle直角round[raund] angle周角straight [streit]angle平角included [ɪnˈklu:dɪd]angle夹角Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]【GMA T】同旁外角at right angles [ˈæŋglz]with与……成直角【GRE】be perpendicular[ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ] to【GRE】垂直于2.所有的三角形(triangle)[ˈtraiæŋɡl]equilateral[ˌi:kwəˈlætərəl, ˌekwə-] triangle等边三角形scalene[ˈskeɪˌli:n, skeɪˈli:n] triangle不等边三角形isosceles[aɪˈsɔsəˌli:z] triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed[ɪnˈskraɪbt] triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外(plain graph)semicircle[ˈsemɪˌsɜ:kəl]半圆concentriccircles[kənˈsentrɪk sɜ:kəl]同心圆eccentric偏心圆,;不同圆心的【GRE】quadrilateral[ˌkwɔdrəˈlætərəl] 四边形pentagon[ˈpentəˌgɔn]五边形hexagon[ˈheksəˌgɔn]六边形heptagon[ˈheptəɡən] 七边形octagon[ˈɔktəˌgɔn]八边形nonagon[ˈnɔnəɡən] 九边形decagon[ˈdekəˌgɔn]十边形polygon[ˈpɔli:ˌgɔn] 多边形parallelogram[ˌpærəˈleləˌgræm]平行四边形equilateral[ˌi:kwəˈlætərəl, ˌekwə-] 等边形plane[plein]平面square[skwɛə]正方形,平方rectangle[ˈrektæŋɡl] 长方形regular polygon[ˈreɡjuləˈpɔli:ˌgɔn] 正多边形rhombus[ˈrɔmbəs] 菱形trapezoid[ˈtræpizɔid]梯形4.其它平面图形(others)arc[ɑ:k] 弧line[lain] ,straight line直线line segment[ˈseɡmənt] 线段parallel [ˈpærəlel]lines平行线segment of a circle[ˈsə:kl] 弧形secant[ˈsi:kənt]割线【GRE】segment[ˈseɡmənt] 【GRE】弓形;部分transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]横截线【GRE】e.g. ~of parallel lines 5.有关立体图形(solid figure)cube立方体,立方数rectangular[rekˈtæŋɡjulə] solid[ˈsɔlid]长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron[pɔliˈhedrən]正多面体circular cylinder[ˈsə:kjuləˈsilində]圆柱体cone cone圆锥sphere[sfiə] 球体solid[ˈsɔlid]立体的6.有关图形上的附属物(adjunct)altitude[ˈæltitju:d] 高depth[depθ]深度side边长circumference[səˈkʌmfərəns],perimeter[pəˈrɪmɪtə]周长radian[ˈreidjən]弧度surface area[ˈsə:fis][ˈɛəriə]表面积volume[ˈvɔlju:m]体积arm[ɑ:m]直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord[kɔ:d] 弦radius[ˈreidjəs]半径angle bisector[ˈbaɪˌsektə, baɪˈsek-] 角平分线diagonal[daɪˈægənəl]对角线diameter[daiˈæmitə] 直径edge[edʒ] 棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse[haɪˈpɔtnˌu:s, -ˌju:s]斜边included side夹边leg[leɡ]三角形的直角边medianofatriangle[ˈmi:djə,nɔfeiˈtraiæŋɡl] 三角形的中线base[beis] 底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数) opposite[ˈɔpəzit]直角三角形中的对边midpoint[ˈmidˌpɔint]中点endpoint[ˈendpɔint]端点vertex[ˈvɜ:ˌteks] (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent[ˈtændʒənt]切线的transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]截线intercept[ˌɪntəˈsept]截距vertex[ˈvɜ:ˌteks]顶点【GRE】7.有关坐标(coordinate)coordinate [kəuˈɔ:dineit]system坐标系rectangular coordinate[rekˈtæŋɡjuləkəuˈɔ:dineit]直角坐标系origin[ˈɔridʒin]原点X-coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]【GRE】X坐标abscissa[æbˈsɪsə] 横坐标Y-coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]Y坐标【GRE】ordinate[ˈɔ:dnɪt, -ˌeɪt]纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant[ˈkwɔdrənt,ˈkwɑːd-]象限slope[sləup]斜率complex plane[plein] 复平面8.其它(others)plane geometry[dʒiˈɔmitri]平面几何trigonometry[ˌtrɪgəˈnɔmɪtri:] 三角学bisect[ˈbaɪˌsekt, baɪˈsekt]平分circumscribe[ˈsɜ:kəmˌskraɪb]外切inscribe[ˈsɜ:kəmˌskraɪb]内切intersect[ˌɪntəˈsekt]相交perpendicular[ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ]垂直pythagorean theorem[ˈθi:ərəm, ˈθɪərəm]勾股定理congruent[ˈkɔŋgru:ənt, kənˈgru:-] 全等的multilateral[ˌmʌltɪˈlætərəl]多边的Clockwise[ˈklɔkwaiz]【GMAT】顺时钟方向Counterclockwise[ˌkaʊntəˈklɔkˌwaɪz]【GMAT】逆时钟方向bisect[ˈbaɪˌsekt, baɪˈsekt] 【GRE】把……二等分bound[baund] 【GRE】辩解,范围;邻接其它done(drawn[drɔ:n]) to scale[skeil]【GRE】按比例绘制1.单位类cent[sent] 美分penny[ˈpeni]一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime[daim]一角硬币dozen[ˈdʌzn] 打(12个)score[skɔ:] 廿(20个)Centigrade[ˈsentiɡreid]摄氏Fahrenheit[ˈfærənˌhaɪt] 华氏quart[kwɔ:t]夸脱gallon[ˈɡælən]加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard[jɑ:d]码meter[ˈmi:tə]米micron[ˈmaikrɔn]微米inch[intʃ]英寸foot[intʃ]英尺minute[ˈminit] 分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter[ˈkju:bɪkˈmi:tə]立方米pint[paɪnt]品脱(干量或液量的单位)footcandle[ˈfutˈkændl]【GRE】(物理)英尺烛光(照度单位)2、数据类Apiece[əˈpi:s] 每人Per capita[ˈkeɪpətə]每人Decrease[di:ˈkri:s] to 减少到Decrease decrease by 减少了Brace[breis] 双Down payment[ˈpeimənt]定金,预付金Interest[ˈintrist]利息Simple interest[ˈintrist] 单利Compounded interest 复利compound[ˈkɔmpaund] annual interest年复利【GRE】Discount [ˈdiskaunt] 折扣Cumulative [ˈkju:mjulətiv]graph 累计图Margin[ˈmɑ:dʒin] 利润Retail[ˈri:teil] price 批发价Common[ˈkɔmən] year 平年Intercalary[inˈtə:kələri] year(leap year) 闰年3.30上午张依蕾整理。
关于数学的英文词汇一、基础数学运算相关词汇。
1. add(动词)[æd]- 释义:加,增加。
例如:Add 2 and 3.(把2和3相加。
)2. subtract(动词)[səbˈtrækt]- 释义:减,减去。
例如:Subtract 5 from 8.(从8中减去5。
)3. multiply(动词)[ˈmʌltɪplaɪ]- 释义:乘,使相乘。
例如:Multiply 4 by 3.(4乘以3。
)4. divide(动词)[dɪˈvaɪd]- 释义:除,划分。
例如:Divide 10 by 2.(10除以2。
)5. sum(名词)[sʌm]- 释义:总和,总数。
例如:The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.(3和4的总和是7。
)6. difference(名词)[ˈdɪfrəns]- 释义:差,差额。
例如:The difference between 8 and 3 is 5.(8和3之间的差额是5。
)7. product(名词)[ˈprɒdʌkt]- 释义:乘积。
例如:The product of 2 and 5 is 10.(2和5的乘积是10。
)8. quotient(名词)[ˈkwəʊʃnt]- 释义:商。
例如:When 10 is divided by 2, the quotient is 5.(当10被2除时,商是5。
)二、数字相关词汇。
1. zero(名词)[ˈzɪərəʊ] - 释义:零。
2. one(名词)[wʌn]- 释义:一。
3. two(名词)[tuː]- 释义:二。
4. three(名词)[θriː]- 释义:三。
5. four(名词)[fɔː(r)]- 释义:四。
6. five(名词)[faɪv]- 释义:五。
7. six(名词)[sɪks]- 释义:六。
8. seven(名词)[ˈsevn]- 释义:七。
9. eight(名词)[eɪt]- 释义:八。
数学中常用的英文单词一、数字相关。
1. number [ˈnʌmbə(r)] n. 数;数字。
2. digit [ˈdɪdʒɪt] n. 数字(0 - 9中的一个)3. integer [ˈɪntɪdʒə(r)] n. 整数。
4. fraction [ˈfrækʃn] n. 分数。
5. decimal [ˈdesɪml] n. 小数;adj. 十进制的。
6. percent [pəˈsent] n. 百分比。
二、运算相关。
1. add [æd] v. 加(addition [əˈdɪʃn] n. 加法)2. subtract [səbˈtrækt] v. 减(subtraction [səbˈtrækʃn] n. 减法)3. multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ] v. 乘(multiplication [ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 乘法)4. divide [dɪˈvaɪd] v. 除(division [dɪˈvɪʒn] n. 除法)5. equal [ˈi:kwəl] v. 等于;adj. 相等的(equality [iˈkwɒləti] n. 相等;等式)6. sum [sʌm] n. 总和;v. 求和。
7. difference [ˈdɪfrəns] n. 差。
8. product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n. 积。
9. quotient [ˈkwəʊʃnt] n. 商。
三、几何相关。
1. point [pɔɪnt] n. 点。
2. line [laɪn] n. 线。
3. line segment [laɪn ˈseɡmənt] 线段。
4. ray [reɪ] n. 射线。
5. angle [ˈæŋgl] n. 角。
6. triangle [ˈtraɪæŋgl] n. 三角形。
7. square [skweə(r)] n. 正方形;adj. 平方的。
数学词汇英汉对照add,plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除dividend 被除数,红利divisor 因子,除数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号round to 四舍五入to the nearest 四舍五入union 并集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality 三角不等式range 值域original equation 原方程equivalent equation同解方程,等价方程linear equation 线性方程proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数mixed number 带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction 普通分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数numerator 分子denominator 分母(least) common denominator (最小)公分母decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数tenths unit 十分位arithmetic mean 算术平均值weighted average 加权平均值geometric mean 几何平均数exponent 指数,幂base 乘幂的底数,底边cube 立方数,立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm 常用对数digit 数字constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementary function 余函数linear 一次的,线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对,round off 四舍五入微积分第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit集合 set元素 element子集 subset空集 empty set并集 union交集 intersection差集 difference of set基本集 basic set补集 complement set直积 direct product笛卡儿积 Cartesian product开区间 open interval闭区间 closed interval半开区间 half open interval有限区间 finite interval区间的长度 length of an interval无限区间 infinite interval领域 neighborhood领域的中心 centre of a neighborhood 领域的半径 radius of a neighborhood 左领域 left neighborhood右领域 right neighborhood映射 mappingX到Y的映射 mapping of X ontoY满射 surjection单射 injection一一映射 one-to-one mapping双射 bijection算子 operator变化 transformation函数 function逆映射 inverse mapping复合映射 composite mapping自变量 independent variable因变量 dependent variable定义域 domain函数值 value of function函数关系 function relation值域 range自然定义域 natural domain单值函数 single valued function多值函数 multiple valued function单值分支 one-valued branch函数图形 graph of a function绝对值函数 absolute value符号函数 sigh function整数部分 integral part阶梯曲线 step curve当且仅当 if and only if(iff)分段函数 piecewise function上界 upper bound下界 lower bound有界 boundedness无界 unbounded函数的单调性 monotonicity of a function单调增加的 increasing单调减少的 decreasing单调函数 monotone function函数的奇偶性 parity(odevity) of a function 对称 symmetry偶函数 even function奇函数 odd function函数的周期性 periodicity of a function周期 period反函数 inverse function直接函数 direct function复合函数 composite function中间变量 intermediate variable函数的运算 operation of function基本初等函数 basic elementary function初等函数 elementary function幂函数 power function指数函数 exponential function对数函数 logarithmic function三角函数 trigonometric function反三角函数 inverse trigonometric function常数函数 constant function双曲函数 hyperbolic function双曲正弦 hyperbolic sine双曲余弦 hyperbolic cosine双曲正切 hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦 inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦 inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切 inverse hyperbolic tangent极限 limit数列 sequence of number收敛 convergence收敛于 a converge to a发散 divergent极限的唯一性 uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性 boundedness of a convergent sequence子列 subsequence函数的极限 limits of functions函数当x趋于x0时的极限 limit of functions as x approaches x0 左极限 left limit右极限 right limit单侧极限 one-sided limits水平渐近线 horizontal asymptote无穷小 infinitesimal无穷大 infinity铅直渐近线 vertical asymptote夹逼准则 squeeze rule单调数列 monotonic sequence高阶无穷小 infinitesimal of higher order低阶无穷小 infinitesimal of lower order同阶无穷小 infinitesimal of the same order等阶无穷小 equivalent infinitesimal函数的连续性 continuity of a function增量 increment函数在x0连续 the function is continuous at x0左连续 left continuous右连续 right continuous区间上的连续函数 continuous function函数在该区间上连续 function is continuous on an interval 不连续点 discontinuity point第一类间断点 discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点 discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性 continuity of the elementary functions 定义区间 defined interval最大值 global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值 global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理 the zero point theorem介值定理 intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度 velocity匀速运动 uniform motion平均速度 average velocity瞬时速度 instantaneous velocity圆的切线 tangent line of a circle切线 tangent line切线的斜率 slope of the tangent line位置函数 position function导数 derivative可导 derivable函数的变化率问题 problem of the change rate of a function导函数 derived function左导数 left-hand derivative右导数 right-hand derivative单侧导数 one-sided derivatives在闭区间[a,b]上可导 is derivable on the closed interval [a,b] 切线方程 tangent equation角速度 angular velocity成本函数 cost function隐函数 implicit function显函数 explicit function二阶函数 second derivative三阶导数 third derivative高阶导数 nth derivative对数求导法 log- derivative参数方程 parametric equation相关变化率 correlative change rata凹凸性 concavity凹向上的 concave upward, cancave up凹向下的,向上凸的 concave downward’ concave down拐点 inflection point函数的极值 extremum of function极大值 local(relative) maximum最大值 global(absolute) mximum极小值 local(relative) minimum最小值 global(absolute) minimum目标函数 objective function曲率 curvature平均曲率 average curvature曲率园 circle of curvature曲率中心 center of curvature曲率半径 radius of curvature隔离区间 isolation interval切线法 tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数 primitive function(antiderivative)积分号 sign of integration被积函数 integrand积分变量 integral variable积分曲线 integral curve积分表 table of integrals换元积分法 integration by substitution分部积分法 integration by parts分部积分公式 formula of integration by parts有理函数 rational function真分式 proper fraction假分式 improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形 trapezoid with曲边 curve edge窄矩形 narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积 area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限 lower limit of integral积分上限 upper limit of integral积分区间 integral interval分割 partition积分和 integral sum可积 integrable矩形法 rectangle method积分中值定理 mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值 average value of a function on an integvals牛顿-莱布尼茨公式 Newton-Leibniz formula微积分基本公式 fundamental formula of calculus换元公式 formula for integration by substitution递推公式 recurrence formula反常积分 improper integral反常积分发散 the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛 the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分 improper integral on an infinite interval 无界函数的反常积分 improper integral of unbounded functions 绝对收敛 absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals元素法 the element method面积元素 element of area平面图形的面积 area of a luane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标 polar coordinates抛物线 parabola椭圆 ellipse旋转体的面积 volume of a solid of rotation旋转椭球体 ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation 曲线的弧长 arc length of acurve可求长的 rectifiable光滑 smooth功 work水压力 water pressure引力 gravitation变力 variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量 vector自由向量 free vector单位向量 unit vector零向量 zero vector相等 equal平行 parallel向量的线性运算 linear poeration of vector三角法则 triangle rule平行四边形法则 parallelogram rule交换律 commutative law结合律 associative law负向量 negative vector差 difference分配律 distributive law空间直角坐标系 space rectangular coordinates坐标面 coordinate plane卦限 octant向量的模 modulus of vector向量a与b的夹角 angle between vector a and b方向余弦 direction cosine方向角 direction angle向量在轴上的投影 projection of a vector onto an axis数量积,外积,叉积 scalar product,dot product,inner product 曲面方程 equation for a surface球面 sphere旋转曲面 surface of revolution母线 generating line轴 axis圆锥面 cone顶点 vertex旋转单叶双曲面 revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面 revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面 cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面 cylindrical surface准线 directrix抛物柱面 parabolic cylinder二次曲面 quadric surface椭圆锥面 dlliptic cone椭球面 ellipsoid单叶双曲面 hyperboloid of one sheet双叶双曲面 hyperboloid of two sheets旋转椭球面 ellipsoid of revolution椭圆抛物面 elliptic paraboloid旋转抛物面 paraboloid of revolution双曲抛物面 hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍面 saddle surface椭圆柱面 elliptic cylinder双曲柱面 hyperbolic cylinder抛物柱面 parabolic cylinder空间曲线 space curve空间曲线的一般方程 general form equations of a space curve 空间曲线的参数方程 parametric equations of a space curve螺转线 spiral螺矩 pitch投影柱面 projecting cylinder投影 projection平面的点法式方程 pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量 normal vector平面的一般方程 general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角 angle between two planes点到平面的距离 distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程 general equation of a line in space 方向向量 direction vector直线的点向式方程 pointdirection form equations of a line 方向数 direction number直线的参数方程 parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角 angle between two lines垂直 perpendicular直线与平面的夹角 angle between a line and a planes平面束 pencil of planes平面束的方程 equation of a pencil of planes行列式 determinant系数行列式 coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application 一元函数 function of one variable多元函数 function of several variables内点 interior point外点 exterior point边界点 frontier point,boundary point聚点 point of accumulation开集 openset闭集 closed set连通集 connected set开区域 open region闭区域 closed region有界集 bounded set无界集 unbounded setn维空间 n-dimentional space二重极限 double limit多元函数的连续性 continuity of function of seveal连续函数 continuous function不连续点 discontinuity point一致连续 uniformly continuous偏导数 partial derivative对自变量x的偏导数 partial derivative with respect to independent variable x 高阶偏导数 partial derivative of higher order二阶偏导数 second order partial derivative混合偏导数 hybrid partial derivative全微分 total differential偏增量 oartial increment偏微分 partial differential全增量 total increment可微分 differentiable必要条件 necessary condition充分条件 sufficient condition叠加原理 superpostition principle全导数 total derivative中间变量 intermediate variable隐函数存在定理 theorem of the existence of implicit function 曲线的切向量 tangent vector of a curve法平面 normal plane向量方程 vector equation向量值函数 vector-valued function切平面 tangent plane法线 normal line方向导数 directional derivative梯度 gradient数量场 scalar field梯度场 gradient field向量场 vector field势场 potential field引力场 gravitational field引力势 gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面 tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线 normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值 unconditional extreme values条件极值 conditional extreme values拉格朗日乘数法 Lagrange multiplier method拉格朗日乘子 Lagrange multiplier经验公式 empirical formula最小二乘法 method of least squares均方误差 mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分 double integral可加性 additivity累次积分 iterated integral体积元素 volume element三重积分 triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素 volume element in rectangular coordinate system 柱面坐标 cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素 volume element in cylindrical coordinate system 球面坐标 spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素 volume element in spherical coordinate system 反常二重积分 improper double integral曲面的面积 area of a surface质心 centre of mass静矩 static moment密度 density形心 centroid转动惯量 moment of inertia参变量 parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line(Curve)Integrals and Surface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分 line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分 line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分 line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分 line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧 directed arc单连通区域 simple connected region复连通区域 complex connected region格林公式 Green formula第一类曲面积分 surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分 surface integrals with respect to area有向曲面 directed surface对坐标的曲面积分 surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分 surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元 element of directed surface高斯公式 gauss formula拉普拉斯算子 Laplace operator格林第一公式 Green’s first formula通量 flux散度 divergence斯托克斯公式 Stokes formula环流量 circulation旋度 rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项 general term部分和 partial sum余项 remainder term等比级数 geometric series几何级数 geometric series公比 common ratio调和级数 harmonic series柯西收敛准则 Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence 正项级数 series of positive terms达朗贝尔判别法 D’Alembert test柯西判别法 Cauchy test交错级数 alternating series绝对收敛 absolutely convergent条件收敛 conditionally convergent柯西乘积 Cauchy product函数项级数 series of functions发散点 point of divergence收敛点 point of convergence收敛域 convergence domain和函数 sum function幂级数 power series幂级数的系数 coeffcients of power series阿贝尔定理 Abel Theorem收敛半径 radius of convergence收敛区间 interval of convergence泰勒级数 Taylor series麦克劳林级数 Maclaurin series二项展开式 binomial expansion近似计算 approximate calculation舍入误差 round-off error,rounding error欧拉公式 Euler’s formula魏尔斯特拉丝判别法 Weierstrass test三角级数 trigonometric series振幅 amplitude角频率 angular frequency初相 initial phase矩形波 square wave谐波分析 harmonic analysis直流分量 direct component基波 fundamental wave二次谐波 second harmonic三角函数系 trigonometric function system傅立叶系数 Fourier coefficient傅立叶级数 Forrier series周期延拓 periodic prolongation正弦级数 sine series余弦级数 cosine series奇延拓 odd prolongation偶延拓 even prolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式 complex form of Fourier series 第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation解微分方程 solve a dirrerential equation常微分方程 ordinary differential equation偏微分方程 partial differential equation,PDE微分方程的阶 order of a differential equation微分方程的解 solution of a differential equation微分方程的通解 general solution of a differential equation初始条件 initial condition二阶线性微分方程 second order linera differential equation线性相关 linearly dependence线性无关 linearly independce二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程 second order homogeneour linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程 second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程 characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程 differential equation of free vibration with zero damping 固有频率 natural frequency简谐振动 simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子 differential operator待定系数法 method of undetermined coefficient共振现象 resonance phenomenon欧拉方程 Euler equation幂级数解法 power series solution数值解法 numerial solution勒让德方程 Legendre equation微分方程组 system of differential equations常系数线性微分方程组 system of linera differential equations with constant coefficient 按字母分类:V、X、Z:Value of function :函数值Variable :变数Vector :向量Velocity :速度Vertical asymptote :垂直渐近线Volume :体积X-axis :x轴x-coordinate :x坐标x-intercept :x截距Zero vector :函数的零点Zeros of a polynomial :多项式的零点T:Tangent function :正切函数Tangent line :切线Tangent plane :切平面Tangent vector :切向量Total differential :全微分Trigonometric function :三角函数Trigonometric integrals :三角积分Trigonometric substitutions :三角代换法Tripe integrals :三重积分S:Saddle point :鞍点Scalar :纯量Secant line :割线Second derivative :二阶导数Second Derivative Test :二阶导数试验法Second partial derivative :二阶偏导数Sector :扇形Sequence :数列Series :级数Set :集合Shell method :剥壳法Sine function :正弦函数Singularity :奇点Slant asymptote :斜渐近线Slope :斜率Slope-intercept equation of a line :直线的斜截式Smooth curve :平滑曲线Smooth surface :平滑曲面Solid of revolution :旋转体Space :空间Speed :速率Spherical coordinates :球面坐标Squeeze Theorem :夹挤定理Step function :阶梯函数Strictly decreasing :严格递减Strictly increasing :严格递增Sum :和Surface :曲面Surface integral :面积分Surface of revolution :旋转曲面Symmetry :对称R:Radius of convergence :收敛半径Range of a function :函数的值域Rate of change :变化率Rational function :有理函数Rationalizing substitution :有理代换法Rational number :有理数Real number :实数Rectangular coordinates :直角坐标Rectangular coordinate system :直角坐标系Relative maximum and minimum :相对极大值与极小值Revenue function :收入函数Revolution , solid of :旋转体Revolution , surface of :旋转曲面Riemann Sum :黎曼和Riemannian geometry :黎曼几何Right-hand derivative :右导数Right-hand limit :右极限Root :根P、Q:Parabola :拋物线Parabolic cylinder :抛物柱面Paraboloid :抛物面Parallelepiped :平行六面体Parallel lines :并行线Parameter :参数Partial derivative :偏导数Partial differential equation :偏微分方程Partial fractions :部分分式Partial integration :部分积分Partiton :分割Period :周期Periodic function :周期函数Perpendicular lines :垂直线Piecewise defined function :分段定义函数Plane :平面Point of inflection :反曲点Polar axis :极轴Polar coordinate :极坐标Polar equation :极方程式Pole :极点Polynomial :多项式Positive angle :正角Point-slope form :点斜式Power function :幂函数Product :积Quotient Law of limit :极限的商定律Quotient Rule :商定律M、N、O:Maximum and minimum values :极大与极小值Mean Value Theorem :均值定理Multiple integrals :重积分Multiplier :乘子Natural exponential function :自然指数函数Natural logarithm function :自然对数函数Natural number :自然数Normal line :法线Normal vector :法向量Number :数Octant :卦限Odd function :奇函数One-sided limit :单边极限Open interval :开区间Optimization problems :最佳化问题Order :阶Ordinary differential equation :常微分方程Origin :原点Orthogonal :正交的L:Laplace transform :Leplace 变换Law of Cosines :余弦定理Least upper bound :最小上界Left-hand derivative :左导数Left-hand limit :左极限Lemniscate :双钮线Length :长度Level curve :等高线L'Hospital's rule :洛必达法则Limacon :蚶线Linear approximation:线性近似Linear equation :线性方程式Linear function :线性函数Linearity :线性Linearization :线性化Line in the plane :平面上之直线Line in space :空间之直线Lobachevski geometry :罗巴切夫斯基几何Local extremum :局部极值Local maximum and minimum :局部极大值与极小值Logarithm :对数Logarithmic function :对数函数I:Implicit differentiation :隐求导法Implicit function :隐函数Improper integral :瑕积分Increasing/Decreasing Test :递增或递减试验法Increment :增量Increasing Function :增函数Indefinite integral :不定积分Independent variable :自变数Indeterminate from :不定型Inequality :不等式Infinite point :无穷极限Infinite series :无穷级数Inflection point :反曲点Instantaneous velocity :瞬时速度Integer :整数Integral :积分Integrand :被积分式Integration :积分Integration by part :分部积分法Intercepts :截距Intermediate value of Theorem :中间值定理Interval :区间Inverse function :反函数Inverse trigonometric function :反三角函数Iterated integral :逐次积分H:Higher mathematics 高等数学/高数E、F、G、H:Ellipse :椭圆Ellipsoid :椭圆体Epicycloid :外摆线Equation :方程式Even function :偶函数Expected Valued :期望值Exponential Function :指数函数Exponents , laws of :指数率Extreme value :极值Extreme Value Theorem :极值定理Factorial :阶乘。
1.add 加2.Subtract 减3.Difference差4.multiply/ times乘5.Product乘积6.Divide除7.Divisible可整除的8.Quotient商数9.Remainder余数10.round to / to the nearest最近的11.Quarter四分之一12.Cube立方13.square root平方根14.cube root立方根15.Digit数字16.Constant常数17.Variable变量18.inverse function反函数19.Linear线性20.natural number自然数21.positive number正数22.negative number负数23.odd number奇数24.even number偶数25.consecutive number连续数26.Approximate近似27.(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针28.direct proportion正比例29.supplementary angles补角plementary angles余角31.adjacent angle相邻的角32.acute angle锐角33.obtuse angle钝角34.right angle直角35.round angle圆周角36.straight angle平角37.included angle夹角38.equilateral triangle正三角形39.scalene triangle不等边三角形40.isosceles triangle等腰三角形41.right triangle直角三角形42.Semicircle半圆43.concentric circle同心圆44.Pentagon五边形45.Hexagon六边形46.Octagon八边形47.Nonagon九边形48.Decagon十边形49.Polygon多边形50.Parallelogram平行四边形51.Equilateral等边52.Plane平面53.Square正方形54.Rectangle矩形55.regular polygon正多边形56.Rhombus菱形57.Trapezoid梯形58.Arc弧59.line /straight line线/直线60.line segment线段61.parallel lines平行线62.segment of a circle圆弧63.Cube立方体64.rectangular solid长方体65.regular solid常规固体66.circular cylinder圆柱67.Cone椎体68.Sphere球69.Solid固体70.Altitude海拔71.Depth深度72.Side侧边73.circumference/ perimeter周长74.surface area表面积75.volume 体积76.center of a circle圆心77.radius 半径78.Diameter直径79.Diagonal对角线80.Edge边81.face of a solid固体表面积82.Slope坡度83.Intersect相交84.perpendicular 垂直85.Multilateral多边。
数学常用词汇中英文对照Mathematical vocabulary一、代数部分(Algebra part)1、有关计算some basic operationadd[æd,plus[plʌs]加subtract[səbˈtrækt]减difference[ˈdifərəns]差multiply[ˈmʌltiplai],times[taɪmz]乘product[ˈprɔdʌkt]积divide[diˈvaid]除divisible[dɪˈvɪzəbəl]可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend[ˈdividend],美[ˈdɪvɪˌdɛnd] 被除数divisor[dɪˈvaɪzə] 因子,除数quotient[ˈkwəʊʃənt]商remainder[riˈmeində] 余数factorial[fækˈtɔ:riəl]阶乘power[ˈpauə] 乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号round to四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合setsEmpty [ˈempti]sets空集Subset[ˈsʌbset]子集Intersection[intəˈsekʃən]交集union[ˈju:njən] 并集complement[ˈkɔmplimənt] 补集proper[ˈprɔpə] subset真子集solution [səˈlu:ʃən]set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式(algebraic expression, equation and inequalities)algebraic term[ˌældʒiˈbreiik tə:m]代数项like[laik] terms,similar[ˈsimilə] terms同类项numerical coefficient[nju:ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]数字系数literal coefficient[ˈlitərəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]字母系数inequality[ˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:] 不等式triangle inequality[ˈtraiæŋɡlˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:]三角不等式range[reindʒ]值域original equation[əˈridʒinəl iˈkweiʃən] 原方程equivalent equation[iˈkwivələnt iˈkweiʃən]同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)Binomial[baiˈnəumiəl] 【GMAT】二项式Trinomial [traiˈnəumjəl] 【GMAT】三相式Complete quadratic [kwəˈdrætik]equation[iˈkweiʃən]【GMAT】完全二次方程Complementary [ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri:, -tri:] function 【GMAT】余函数Equivalence[ɪˈkwɪvələns] relation 【GMAT】等价关系Factorable quadratic [kwəˈdrætik]equation 【GMAT】可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete[ˌɪnkəmˈpli:t] quadratic equation 【GMAT】不完全二次方程be equivalent [iˈkwivələnt] to anther equation【GRE】与另一方程痛解clear an equation of fractions[ˈfrækʃəns]分式方程整式化like(similar) terms[laik tə:ms] 同类项unlike[ˌʌnˈlaik] terms非同类项【GRE】numerical coefficient[nju:ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt] 【GRE】数字系数4.有关分数和小数(fraction and decimal)proper [ˈprɔpə]fraction[ˈfrækʃən真分数improper[ɪmˈprɔpə] fraction假分数mixed number[mɪkst ˈnʌmbə]带分数vulgar fraction[ˈvʌlɡəˈfrækʃən],common[ˈkɔmən] fraction普通分数simple[ˈsimpl] fraction简分数complex[ˈkɔmpleks] fraction繁分数numerator[ˈnu:məˌreɪtə, ˈnju:-] 分子denominator[dɪˈnɔməˌneɪtə]分母(least)common denominator([li:st])[ˈkɔmən dɪˈnɔməˌneɪtə] (最小)公分母quarter[ˈkwɔ:tə]四分之一decimal fraction[ˈdesiməl ˈfrækʃən]纯小数infinite decimal[ˈinfinitˈdesiməl ] 无穷小数recurring decimal[riˈkəːriŋˈdesiməl ]循环小数tenthsunit十分位Equivalent[iˈkwivələnt] fractions[ˈfrækʃən]【GMAT】等值分数Mixed[mɪkst] 【GMAT】decimal 混合小数cancellation[ˌkænsəˈleɪʃən]【GRE】约掉,消掉calculate to three decimal places计算结果保留三位小数invert[inˈvə:t] a fraction[ˈfrækʃən]【GRE】求一个分数的倒数5.基本数学概念(elementary mathematical concepts)arithmetic mean[əˈriθmətik mi:n]] 算术平均值weighted average[ˈweitidˈævəridʒ] 加权平均值geometric[ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk] mean几何平均数exponent[eksˈpəunənt]指数,幂base[beis] 乘幂的底数,底边cube[kju:b] 立方数,立方体square[skwɛə] root[ru:t] 平方根cube root[kju:b ru:t ]立方根common logarithm[ˈlɔ:gəˌrɪðəm, ˈlɔgə-] 常用对数digit[ˈdidʒit] 数字constant[ˈkɔnstənt] 常数variable[ˈvɛəriəbl,ˈveəriəbl]变量inversefunction反函数complementary[ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri:, -tri:] function[ˈfʌŋkʃən]余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value[ˈæbsəlu:t ˈvælju]绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off[raund,ɔf]四舍五入mean proportional[prəˈpɔ:ʃənəl]【GRE】比例中项to the nearest 10% 精确到10%6.有关数论(numbers)natural[ˈnætʃərəl,ˈnætʃrəl] number[ˈnʌmbə,ˈnʌmbə(r)] 自然数positive[ˈpɔzitiv] number正数negative[ˈneɡətiv] number负数odd integer[ɔd ˈɪntɪdʒə ],odd number奇数even[ˈi:vən] integer,even number偶数integer,whole number[həul ˈnʌmbə] 整数positive [ˈpɔzitiv]whole number正整数negative[ˈneɡətiv] whole number负整数consecutive[kənˈsekjutiv,kənˈsekjətɪv] number连续整数real [riəl,ˈriːəl]number,rational[ˈræʃənl] number实数,有理数irrational[ɪˈræʃənəl](number)无理数nonzero[ˈnɔnziərəu]非零;非零的【GRE】inverse[ɪnˈvɜ:s, ˈɪnˌvɜ:s]倒数composite[ˈkɔmpəzit] number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime[praim] number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal[riˈsiprəkəl] 倒数common divisor[ˈkɔmən dɪˈvaɪzə]公约数multiple[ˈmʌltipl]倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(praim)[ˈfæktə](质)因子common factor公因子Complex conjugate [ˈkɔndʒəɡeit]【GMAT】复共轭ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative[ˈnɔnˈneɡətiv] 非负的tens[tens]十位units[ˈju:nit]个位mode[məud]众数median[ˈmi:di:ən] 中数common ratio[ˈreiʃiəu]公比Infinity [ɪnˈfɪnɪti:] 【GMAT】无穷大Infinitesimal [ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtesəməl]【GMAT】无穷小aliquot[ˈælikwɔt]除得尽数【GRE】aliquant除不尽数【GRE】7.数列(sequence)arithmetic[əˈriθmətik] progression(sequence[ˈsi:kwəns] )等差数列geometric[ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk] progression[prəˈgreʃən](sequence)等比数列8.其它(others)approximate[əˈprɔksimit]近似approximately[əˈprɔksimitli] 【GRE】近似的,大约的approximation[əˌprɔksəˈmeɪʃən] 【GRE】近似,近似值(anti)clockwise(ˈænti)[ˈklɔkwaiz](逆)顺时针方向cardinal[ˈkɑ:dinl]基数ordinal [ˈɔ:dnəl]序数direct proportion[diˈrekt prəˈpɔ:ʃən]正比distinct[disˈtiŋkt]不同的estimation[ˌestəˈmeɪʃən] 估计,近似parentheses括号proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃən]比例permutation[ˌpɜ:mjʊˈteɪʃən]排列combination[ˌkɔmbiˈneiʃən]组合probability[ˌprɔbəˈbiliti] 概率,或然率distribution [ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən]分布normal distribution[ˈnɔ:məl ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən ]正态分布graph[ɡrɑ:f] 图表bar [bɑːr]graph条形统计图histogram[ˈhistəuɡræm] 柱形统计图broken line graph[ˈbrəukən lain]折线统计图curve[kə:v,kɜːv/]diagram[ˈdaiəɡræm]曲线统计图pie[pai]diagram扇形统计图Numerical [nju:ˈmerikəl] analysis【GMAT】数值分析Mutually exclusive [iksˈklu:siv]【GMA T】互相排斥Standard [ˈstændəd] deviationdeviation [ˌdi:vi:ˈeɪʃən] 【GMA T】标准方差Algebra [ˈældʒibrə]代数学【GRE】algebraic expression[iksˈpreʃən]【GRE】代数式algebraic [ˌældʒiˈbreiik]term 【GRE】代数项assume that[əˈsju:m]【GRE】假定义……at random[ˈrændəm]【GRE】随机地round brackets[raund brækɪt] ;parentheses[pəˈrenθɪsɪs]圆括号【GRE】square[skwɛə] brackets方括号【GRE】braces['breisiz] 花括号【GRE】几何部分 (Geometry part)1.所有的角(angles)alternate[ɔ:lˈtə:nit] angle[ˈæŋɡl]内错角corresponding[ˌkɔrisˈpɔndiŋ,ˌkɒrəˈspɒndɪŋ] angle同位角vertical [ˈvə:tikəl]angle对顶角central [ˈsentrəl]angle圆心角interior[inˈtiəriə] angle内角exterior[eksˈtiəriə] angle外角supplement[ˈsʌpliment] aryangles补角complement [ˈkɔmplimənt]aryangle余角adjacent[əˈdʒeisənt] angle邻角acute [əˈkju:t]angle锐角obtuse [ɔbˈtu:s, -ˈtju:s, əb-] angle钝角right [rait]angle直角round[raund] angle周角straight [streit]angle平角included [ɪnˈklu:dɪd]angle夹角Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]【GMA T】同旁外角at right angles [ˈæŋglz]with与……成直角【GRE】be perpendicular[ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ] to【GRE】垂直于2.所有的三角形(triangle)[ˈtraiæŋɡl]equilateral[ˌi:kwəˈlætərəl, ˌekwə-] triangle等边三角形scalene[ˈskeɪˌli:n, skeɪˈli:n] triangle不等边三角形isosceles[aɪˈsɔsəˌli:z] triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed[ɪnˈskraɪbt] triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外(plain graph)semicircle[ˈsemɪˌsɜ:kəl]半圆concentriccircles[kənˈsentrɪk sɜ:kəl]同心圆eccentric偏心圆,;不同圆心的【GRE】quadrilateral[ˌkwɔdrəˈlætərəl] 四边形pentagon[ˈpentəˌgɔn]五边形hexagon[ˈheksəˌgɔn]六边形heptagon[ˈheptəɡən] 七边形octagon[ˈɔktəˌgɔn]八边形nonagon[ˈnɔnəɡən] 九边形decagon[ˈdekəˌgɔn]十边形polygon[ˈpɔli:ˌgɔn] 多边形parallelogram[ˌpærəˈleləˌgræm]平行四边形equilateral[ˌi:kwəˈlætərəl, ˌekwə-] 等边形plane[plein]平面square[skwɛə]正方形,平方rectangle[ˈrektæŋɡl] 长方形regular polygon[ˈreɡjuləˈpɔli:ˌgɔn] 正多边形rhombus[ˈrɔmbəs] 菱形trapezoid[ˈtræpizɔid]梯形4.其它平面图形(others)arc[ɑ:k] 弧line[lain] ,straight line直线line segment[ˈseɡmənt] 线段parallel [ˈpærəlel]lines平行线segment of a circle[ˈsə:kl] 弧形secant[ˈsi:kənt]割线【GRE】segment[ˈseɡmənt] 【GRE】弓形;部分transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]横截线【GRE】e.g. ~of parallel lines 5.有关立体图形(solid figure)cube立方体,立方数rectangular[rekˈtæŋɡjulə] solid[ˈsɔlid]长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron[pɔliˈhedrən]正多面体circular cylinder[ˈsə:kjuləˈsilində]圆柱体cone cone圆锥sphere[sfiə] 球体solid[ˈsɔlid]立体的6.有关图形上的附属物(adjunct)altitude[ˈæltitju:d] 高depth[depθ]深度side边长circumference[səˈkʌmfərəns],perimeter[pəˈrɪmɪtə]周长radian[ˈreidjən]弧度surface area[ˈsə:fis][ˈɛəriə]表面积volume[ˈvɔlju:m]体积arm[ɑ:m]直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord[kɔ:d] 弦radius[ˈreidjəs]半径angle bisector[ˈbaɪˌsektə, baɪˈsek-] 角平分线diagonal[daɪˈægənəl]对角线diameter[daiˈæmitə] 直径edge[edʒ] 棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse[haɪˈpɔtnˌu:s, -ˌju:s]斜边included side夹边leg[leɡ]三角形的直角边medianofatriangle[ˈmi:djə,nɔfeiˈtraiæŋɡl] 三角形的中线base[beis] 底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数) opposite[ˈɔpəzit]直角三角形中的对边midpoint[ˈmidˌpɔint]中点endpoint[ˈendpɔint]端点vertex[ˈvɜ:ˌteks] (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent[ˈtændʒənt]切线的transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]截线intercept[ˌɪntəˈsept]截距vertex[ˈvɜ:ˌteks]顶点【GRE】7.有关坐标(coordinate)coordinate [kəuˈɔ:dineit]system坐标系rectangular coordinate[rekˈtæŋɡjuləkəuˈɔ:dineit]直角坐标系origin[ˈɔridʒin]原点X-coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]【GRE】X坐标abscissa[æbˈsɪsə] 横坐标Y-coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]Y坐标【GRE】ordinate[ˈɔ:dnɪt, -ˌeɪt]纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant[ˈkwɔdrənt,ˈkwɑːd-]象限slope[sləup]斜率complex plane[plein] 复平面8.其它(others)plane geometry[dʒiˈɔmitri]平面几何trigonometry[ˌtrɪgəˈnɔmɪtri:] 三角学bisect[ˈbaɪˌsekt, baɪˈsekt]平分circumscribe[ˈsɜ:kəmˌskraɪb]外切inscribe[ˈsɜ:kəmˌskraɪb]内切intersect[ˌɪntəˈsekt]相交perpendicular[ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ]垂直pythagorean theorem[ˈθi:ərəm, ˈθɪərəm]勾股定理congruent[ˈkɔŋgru:ənt, kənˈgru:-] 全等的multilateral[ˌmʌltɪˈlætərəl]多边的Clockwise[ˈklɔkwaiz]【GMAT】顺时钟方向Counterclockwise[ˌkaʊntəˈklɔkˌwaɪz]【GMAT】逆时钟方向bisect[ˈbaɪˌsekt, baɪˈsekt] 【GRE】把……二等分bound[baund] 【GRE】辩解,范围;邻接其它done(drawn[drɔ:n]) to scale[skeil]【GRE】按比例绘制1.单位类cent[sent] 美分penny[ˈpeni]一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime[daim]一角硬币dozen[ˈdʌzn] 打(12个)score[skɔ:] 廿(20个)Centigrade[ˈsentiɡreid]摄氏Fahrenheit[ˈfærənˌhaɪt] 华氏quart[kwɔ:t]夸脱gallon[ˈɡælən]加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard[jɑ:d]码meter[ˈmi:tə]米micron[ˈmaikrɔn]微米inch[intʃ]英寸foot[intʃ]英尺minute[ˈminit] 分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter[ˈkju:bɪkˈmi:tə]立方米pint[paɪnt]品脱(干量或液量的单位)footcandle[ˈfutˈkændl]【GRE】(物理)英尺烛光(照度单位)2、数据类Apiece[əˈpi:s] 每人Per capita[ˈkeɪpətə]每人Decrease[di:ˈkri:s] to 减少到Decrease decrease by 减少了Brace[breis] 双Down payment[ˈpeimənt]定金,预付金Interest[ˈintrist]利息Simple interest[ˈintrist] 单利Compounded interest 复利compound[ˈkɔmpaund] annual interest年复利【GRE】Discount [ˈdiskaunt] 折扣Cumulative [ˈkju:mjulətiv]graph 累计图Margin[ˈmɑ:dʒin] 利润Retail[ˈri:teil] price 批发价Common[ˈkɔmən] year 平年Intercalary[inˈtə:kələri] year(leap year) 闰年3.30上午张依蕾整理。
数学词汇中英文对照abbreviation 简写符号;简写abscissa 横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极大值absolute minimum 绝对极小值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度; 地心加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) (概率)加法定律additive inverse 加法逆元; 加法反元additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternate angle (交)错角alternate segment 内错弓形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择一假设; 备择假设; 另一假设altitude 高;高度;顶垂线;高线ambiguous case 两义情况;二义情况amount 本利和;总数analysis 分析;解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a planeangle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisectorangle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of friction 静摩擦角; 极限角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角;交角angle of projection 投射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角angular displacement 角移位angular momentum 角动量angular motion 角运动angular velocity 角速度annum(X% per annum) 年(年利率X%)anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针力矩anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积Argand diagram 阿根图, 阿氏图argument (1)论证; (2)辐角argument of a complex number 复数的辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中顶;算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数;等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定;假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptoteasymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest 静止augmented matrix 增广矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助角auxiliary circle 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助方程average 平均;平均数;平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 幂集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola 抛物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图;条线图;条形图;线条图base (1)底;(2)基;基数base angle 底角base area 底面base linebase number 底数;基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing 方位(角);角方向(角)bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验bias 偏差;偏倚biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数billion 十亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial distribution 二项分布binomial expression 二项式binomial series 二项级数binomial theorem 二项式定理bisect 平分;等分bisection method 分半法;分半方法bisectorBoolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线);边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图calculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器calculus (1) 微积分学; (2) 演算cancel 消法;相消canellation law 消去律canonical 典型; 标准capacity 容量cardioidCartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡儿方程Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面Cartesian product 笛卡儿积category 类型;范畴catenaryCauchy sequence 柯西序列Cauchy s principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西 - 许瓦尔兹不等式central limit theorem 中心极限定理central linecentral tendency 集中趋centre 中心;心centre of a circle 圆心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质量中心centrifugal force 离心力centripedal acceleration 向心加速度centripedal force force 向心力centroid 形心;距心certain event 必然事件chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of axes 坐标轴的变换change of base 基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元;变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征)方程characteristic function 特征(征)函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的首数; 对数的定位部characteristic root 特征(征)根chart 图;图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形;圆的circular function 圆函数;三角函数circular measure 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation 环形排列; 圆形排列; 循环排列circumcentre 外心;外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoidclass 区;组;类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间;组距class limit 组限;区限class mark 组中点;区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data 编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数; 恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofactor 余因子; 余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinearcollinear planes 共线面collision 碰撞column (1)列;纵行;(2) 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因子;公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数;公倍common ratio 公比common tangentcommutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的complement 余;补余complement law 补余律complementary angle 余角complementary equation 补充方程complementary event 互补事件complementary function 余函数complementary probability 互补概率complete oscillation 全振动completing the square 配方complex conjugate 复共轭complex number 复数complex unmber plane 复数平面complex root 复数根component 分量component of force 分力composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数;合成数composition of mappings 映射构合composition of relations 复合关系compound angle 复角compound angle formula 复角公式compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利;复利息compound probability 合成概率compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算computer 计算机;电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句;条件式conditional identity 条件恒等式conditional inequality 条件不等式conditional probability 条件概率cone 锥;圆锥(体)confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平confidence limit 置信极限confocal sectioncongruence (1)全等;(2)同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形conic ;conic section ;conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轭conjugate axis 共轭conjugate diameters 共轭轴conjugate hyperbola 共轭(直)径conjugate imaginary / complex number conjugate radical 共轭虚/复数conjugate surd 共轭根式; 共轭不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 捙接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数;相邻数consequence 结论;推论consequent 条件;后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的;相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒加速度constant force 恒力constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint 约束;约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuity 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数converse 逆(定理)converse of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何;坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理;系;推论coplanar 共面coplanar forces 共面力coplanar linesco-prime 互质; 互素corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correct to 准确至;取值至correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角;(2)对应角corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数无限counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数;计数couple 力偶Carmer s rule 克莱玛法则criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面;横截面;截痕cube 正方体;立方;立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方;立方;三次(的)cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cuboid 长方体;矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy 累积频数;累积频率cumulative frequency curvecumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形;累积频率直方图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curvecurve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved linecurved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid 旋输线; 摆线cylinder 柱;圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的damped oscillation 阻尼振动data 数据De Moivre s theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan s law 德摩根律decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile 十分位数decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decision box 判定框declarative sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数;下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列;下降序列decreasing series 递减级数;下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的;定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度; (2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom 自由度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除; 删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件; 相依事件; 从属事件dependent variable 应变量; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派生统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数(法)determinant 行列式deviation 偏差; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵diagram 图; 图表diameter 直径diameter of a conic 二次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分方程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量网; 维(数)direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向角directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction 方向; 方位direction angle 方向角direction cosine 方向余弦direction number 方向数direction ratio 方向比directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的);连续(的); 不连续(的) discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分立; 离散discrete data 离散数据; 间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性)divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1)被除数;(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle 二倍角double angle formula 二倍角公式double root 二重根dual 对偶duality (1)对偶性; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北dynamics 动力学eccentric angle 离心角eccentric circles 离心圆eccentricity 离心率echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵edge 棱;边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施力eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic force 弹力elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row operation 基本行运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数elongation 伸张;展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率;经验概率empty set 空集encoding 编码enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能; 能量entire surd 整方根epicycloid 外摆线equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns(variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)equidistant 等距(的)equilateral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价(的)error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计;估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algorithm 欧几里德算法Euclidean geometry 欧几里德几何Euler s formula 尤拉公式;欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event(s) 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值;预期值experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponential order 指数阶; 指数级express…in terms of…以………表达expression 式;数式extension 外延;延长;扩张;扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外角external angle bisectorexternal point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值face 面factor 因子;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理;因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解;因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的)falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同心圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution 可行解;容许解Fermat s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数;黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形);(2)数字final velocity 末速度finite 有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation 首近似值first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程first projection 第一投影; 第一射影first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点fixed point iteration method 定点迭代法fixed pulley 定滑轮flow chart 流程图focal axis 焦轴focal chord 焦弦focal length 焦距focus(foci) 焦点folium of Descartes 笛卡儿叶形线foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xforce 力forced oscillation 受迫振动form 形式;型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式;规格formula(formulae) 公式four leaved rose curve 四瓣玫瑰线four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数;分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠free vector 自由向量; 自由矢量frequency 频数;频率frequency distribution 频数分布;频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形friction 摩擦; 摩擦力frictionless motion 无摩擦运动frustum 平截头体fulcrum 支点function 函数function of function 复合函数;迭函数functional notation 函数记号fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理gain 增益;赚;盈利gain perent 赚率;增益率;盈利百分率game (1)对策;(2)博奕Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式;通式general solution 通解;一般解general term 通项generating function 母函数; 生成函数generator (1)母线; (2)生成元geoborad 几何板geometric distribution 几何分布geometric mean 几何平均数;等比中项geometric progression 几何级数;等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何;几何学given 给定;已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极大值; 整体极大值global minimum 全局极小值; 整体极小值golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率;倾斜率;(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像;图形;图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示;以图样表达graphical solution 图解gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravity 重力greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线groupgrouped data 分组数据;分类数据grouping terms 并项;集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子half angle 半角half angle formula 半角公式half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间harmonic mean (1) 调和平均数; (2) 调和中项harmonic progression 调和级数head 正面(钱币)height 高(度)helix 螺旋线hemisphere 半球体;半球heptagon 七边形Heron s formula 希罗公式heterogeneous (1)参差的; (2)不纯一的hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子;最高公因式;最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图;直方图;矩形图Holder s Inequality 赫耳德不等式homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次方程Hooke s law 虎克定律horizontal 水平的;水平horizontal asymptote 水平渐近线horizontal component 水平分量horizontal linehorizontal range 水平射程hyperbolahyperbolic function 双曲函数hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布hypocycloid 内摆线hypotenuse 斜边hypothesis 假设hypothesis testing 假设检验hypothetical syllogism 假设三段论hypotrochoid 次内摆线idempotent 全幂等的identical 全等;恒等identity 等(式)identity element 单位元identity law 同一律identity mapping 恒等映射identity matrix 恒等矩阵identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…, then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像image axis 虚轴imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary root 虚根imaginary unit 虚数单位impact 碰撞implication 蕴涵式;蕴含式implicit definition 隐定义implicit function 隐函数imply 蕴涵;蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数improper integral 广义积分; 非正常积分impulse 冲量impulsive force 冲力incentre 内力incircle 内切圆inclination 倾角;斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusion mapping 包含映射inclusive 包含的;可兼的inclusive disjunction 包含性析取;可兼析取inconsistent 不相的(的);不一致(的) increase 递增;增加increasing function 递增函数increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量indefinite integral 不定积分idenfinite integration 不定积分法independence 独立;自变independent equations 独立方程independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量;独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的;(2)不定元;未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数;未定系数indeterminate form 待定型;不定型index,indices 指数;指index notation 指数记数法induced operation 诱导运算induction hypothesis 归纳法假设inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号inertia 惯性;惯量infer 推断inference 推论infinite 无限;无穷infinite dimensional 无限维infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列;无穷序列infinite series 无限级数;无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小;无穷小infinity 无限(大);无穷(大)inflection (inflexion) point 拐点;转折点inherent error 固有误差initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件;初值条件initial point 始点;起点initial side 始边initial value 初值;始值initial velocity 初速度initial-value problem 初值问题injection 内射injective function 内射函数inner product 内积input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度integer 整数integrable 可积integrable function 可积函数integral 积分integral index 整数指数integral mean value theorem 积数指数integral part 整数部份integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值integrand 被积函数integrate 积;积分;......的积分integrating factor 积分因子integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法;换元积分法integration constant 积分常数interaction 相互作用intercept 截距;截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角intermediate value theorem 介值定理internal bisectorinternal division 内分割internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal point of division 内分点interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集;(2)相交;(3)交点interval 区间interval estimation 区间估计;区域估计intuition 直观invalid 失效;无效invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的;(2)不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse cosine function 反三角函数inverse function 反函数;逆映射inverse mapping 反向映射;逆映射inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例;逆比例inverse relation 逆关系inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分);逆变(分)invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isomorphism 同构isosceles triangle 等腰三角形iterate (1)迭代值; (2)迭代iteration 迭代iteration form 迭代形iterative function 迭代函数iterative method 迭代法jet propulsion 喷气推进joint variation 联变(分);连变(分)kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦known 己知L.H.S. 末项L Hospital s rule 洛必达法则Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多项代Lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理Lami s law 拉密定律Laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展式last term 末项latent root 本征根; 首通径lattice point 格点latus rectum 正焦弦; 首通径law 律;定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of indices 指数律;指数定律law of inference 推论律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 主对角线least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数;最低公倍式least value 最小值left hand limit 左方极限lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线length 长(度)letter 文字;字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limacon 蜗牛线limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限limiting case 极限情况limiting friction 最大静摩擦limiting position 极限位置line 线;行line of action 作用力线line of best-fitline of greatest slopeline of intersectionline segment 线段linear 线性;一次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分方程linear equation 线性方程;一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程;二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式;线性不等式linear momentum 线动量linear programming 线性规划linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性无关的literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子local maximum 局部极大(值)local minimum 局部极小(值)locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论;逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loop 回路loss 赔本;亏蚀loss per cent 赔率;亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数machine 机械Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式Maclaurin series 麦克劳林级数magnitude 量;数量;长度;大小major arc 优弧;大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形;大扇形major segment 优弓形;大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数;对数的定值部many to one 多个对一个many-sided figure 多边形many-valued 多值的map into 映入map onto 映上mapping 映射marked price 标价Markov chain 马可夫链mass 质量mathematical analysis 数学分析mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵方程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值);平均数;中数mean deviation 中均差;平均偏差mean value theorem 中值定理measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度mechanical energy 机械能median (1)中位数;(2)meet 相交;相遇mensuration 计量;求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代换法;换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法method of superposition 迭合法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值Minkowski Inequality 闵可夫斯基不等式minor (1)子行列式;(2)劣;较小的minor arc 劣弧;小弧minor axis 短轴minor of a determinant 子行列式minor sector 劣扇形;小扇形minor segment 劣弓形;小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型modulo (1)模; 模数; (2)同余modulo arithmetic 同余算术modulus 模; 模数modulus of a complex number 复数的模modulus of elasticity 弹性模(数)moment arm (1)矩臂; (2)力臂moment of a force 力矩moment of inertia 贯性矩momentum 动量monomial 单项式monotone 单调monotonic convergence 单调收敛性monotonic decreasing 单调递减monotonic decreasing function 单调递减函数monotonic function 单调函数monotonic increasing 单调递增monotonic increasing function 单调递增函数motion 运动movable pulley 动滑轮multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple angle 倍角multiple-angle formula 倍角公式multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative inverse 乘法逆元multiplicative property 可乘性multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘multi-value 多值的mulually disjoint 互不相交mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular linesn factorial n阶乘n th derivative n阶导数n th root n次根;n次方根n the root of unity 单位的n次根Napierian logarithm 纳皮尔对数; 自然对数natural logarithm 自然对数natural number 自然数natural surjection 自然满射necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negation 否定式negative 负negative angle 负角negative binomial distribution 负二项式分布negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数negative vector 负向量; 负矢量neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)net force 净力Newton-Cote s rule 牛顿 - 高斯法则Newton-Raphson s method 牛顿 - 纳逊方法Newton s formula 牛顿公式Newton s law of motion 牛顿运动定律Newton s method 牛顿方法n-gon n边形nonagon 九边形non-collinearnon-commutative 非交换的non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的。