英语操作系统作业4

2015年4月统考《计算机英语基础》模拟真题（4）满分答案一、单选题1.当前的计算机一般被认为是第四代计算机，它所采用的逻辑元件是______。

A.晶体管B.集成电路C.电子管D.大规模集成电路答案：D2.为了实现自动控制处理，需要计算机具有的基础条件是______。

A.存储程序B.高速度与高精度C.可靠性与可用性D.连网能力答案：A3.计算机最主要的工作特点是______。

A.存储程序与自动控制B.高速度与高精度C.可靠性与可用性D.有记忆能力答案：A4.在计算机领域，未经处理的数据只是______。

A.基本素材B.非数值数据C.数值数据D.处理后的数据答案：A5.电子计算机按规模划分，可以分为_____。

A.数字电子计算机和模拟电子计算机B.通用计算机和专用计算机C.科学与过程计算计算机、工业控制计算机和数据计算机D.巨型计算机、小型计算机和微型计算机答案：D6.计算机系统应包括硬件和软件两部分，软件又必须包括______。

A.接口软件B.系统软件C.应用软件D.支撑软件答案：B7.为解决某一特定的问题而设计的指令序列称为______。

A.文档B.语言C.系统D.程序答案：D8.计算机的硬件系统由五大部分组成，下列各项中不属于这五大部分的是______。

A.运算器B.软件C.I/O设备D.控制器答案：B9.以下选项中，______不属于计算机外部设备。

A.输入设备B.中央处理器和主存储器C.外存储器D.输出设备答案：B10.下列数据中，采用二进制形式表示的是______。

A.36DB.1010BC.76OD.54H答案：B11.在微型计算机中，应用最普遍的字符编码是_____。

A.BCD码B.ASCII码C.汉字编码D.补码答案：B12.下列各项中，______是正确的。

A.计算机中使用的汉字编码和ASCII码是相同的B.键盘是输入设备，显示器是输出设备C.外存中的信息可直接被CPU处理D.操作系统是一种很重要的应用软件答案：B13.中央处理器（CPU）可直接读写的计算机存储部件是______。

操作系统常用英语词汇1. 操作系统 (Operating System)2. 进程 (Process)A process refers to an instance of a running program. It includes the program code, data, and resources required to execute the program.3. 线程 (Thread)A thread ___.4. 内存 (Memory)5. 文件系统 (File System)A file system is a method used by an operating system to organize and store files on a storage device. It provides a ___ data.6. 输入/输出 (Input/Output)7. 锁 (Lock)A lock ___ access to shared resources. It helps ___.8. 调度 (ling)___ used by an operating system to ___.9. 异常处理 (n Handling)n ___ of the program when errors occur.10. 系统调用 (System Call)11. 虚拟内存 (Virtual Memory)Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows the operating system to use disk storage as an n of physical memory. It provides a larger address ___.12. 设备驱动程序 (Device Driver)13. 系统内核 (Kernel)14. 用户界面 (User Interface)15. 虚拟化 (n)16. 死锁 (Deadlock)以上是一些常用的操作系统英语词汇，希望对您有所帮助。

第一单元：计算机与计算机科学课文A：计算机概览一、引言计算机是一种电子设备，它能接收一套指令或一个程序，然后通过对数字数据进行运算或对其他形式的信息进行处理来执行该程序。

要不是由于计算机的发展，现代的高科技世界是不可能产生的。

不同类型和大小的计算机在整个社会被用于存储和处理各种数据，从保密政府文件、银行交易到私人家庭账目。

计算机通过自动化技术开辟了制造业的新纪元，而且它们也增强了现代通信系统的性能。

在几乎每一个研究和应用技术领域，从构建宇宙模型到产生明天的气象报告，计算机都是必要的工具，并且它们的应用本身就开辟了人们推测的新领域。

数据库服务和计算机网络使各种各样的信息源可供使用。

同样的先进技术也使侵犯个人隐私和商业秘密成为可能。

计算机犯罪已经成为作为现代技术代价组成部分的许多风险之一。

二、历史第一台加法机是法国科学家、数学家和哲学家布莱斯•帕斯卡于1642年设计的，它是数字计算机的先驱。

这个装置使用了一系列带有10个齿的轮子，每个齿代表从0到9的一个数字。

轮子互相连接，从而通过按照正确的齿数向前转动轮子，就可以将数字彼此相加。

17世纪70年代，德国哲学家和数学家戈特弗里德•威廉•莱布尼兹对这台机器进行了改良，设计了一台也能做乘法的机器。

法国发明家约瑟夫―玛丽•雅卡尔，在设计自动织机时，使用了穿孔的薄木板来控制复杂图案的编织。

在19世纪80年代期间，美国统计学家赫尔曼•何勒里斯，想出了使用类似雅卡尔的木板那样的穿孔卡片来处理数据的主意。

通过使用一种将穿孔卡片从电触点上移过的系统，他得以为1890年的美国人口普查汇编统计信息。

1、分析机也是在19世纪，英国数学家和发明家查尔斯•巴比奇，提出了现代数字计算机的原理。

他构想出旨在处理复杂数学题的若干机器，如差分机。

许多历史学家认为，巴比奇及其合伙人，数学家奥古斯塔•埃达•拜伦，是现代数字计算机的真正先驱。

巴比奇的设计之一，分析机，具有现代计算机的许多特征。

第一章Computer system overview(操作系统概述)I. Pre-reading Questions1.What is a digital computer?The digital computer is a digital system that performs various computational tasks. The word “digital”implies that theinformation in the computer is represented by variables that take a limited number of discrete values. These values are processed internally by components that can maintain a limited number of discrete states. Digital computer is also called electronic computer or computer.2.Are there any differences between the binary number system and the common decimal number system?The decimal digits has ten digits: 0,1,2,,, and 9. The binary number system has two digits: 0 and 1. The binary numbers use a base 2. The decimal digits use a base 10.3.How many types of computers do you know? Name at least four of them. Computers are usually classified into four broad categories: microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers and supercomputers.II Fill in the following blanks.1.Application software is designed to accomplish real-world tasks in fields.2. An 8-bit signed integer can have any value between -128 and 1273. System software controls the computer and enables it to run the hardware and applications software.4. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system .5. List four types of computers: microcomputers, minicomputers , mainframe computers,and s upercomputers .III True or False.1. The software system is the physical equipment that you can see and touch. 1.F2. Typically, a data value is set to zero to represent FALSE and 1 value forTRUE. 2.F3. In the earliest general-purpose computer, most input and output media were magnetic disks. 3. F4.T4. Supercomputers are largest, fastest, and most expensive computer available.5. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. 5. T IV Matching terms.1、(b) CPUThe processing unit is at the heart of a computer.2、(c) bit A unit of information conveyed by a single binary digit.3、(a) integrated circuit (IC)A complete electronic circuit that packages transistors and other electronic components on a small silicon chip.4、(d) ASCII A system for encoding characters as binary digits.V Translating Terms.(1) coding techniques 编码技术(2) application software 应用软件(3) floating point data 浮点数据(4) timesharing 分时，分时技术(5) storage capacities 存储容量VI Choose the best one of the four answers given to fill in each blank.This chapter introduces digital computer, data types, the evolution of computers, and types of computers. 1 is known to all, it’s hard to find a field in 2 computers are not being used. Digital computer, also called electronic computer or computer, is a digital system that 3 various computational tasks. Digital computers use the 4 number system, which has two digits: 0 and 1.By usingvarious coding 5 , groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers 6 other discrete symbols, such as decimal digits or letters of the alphabet. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. Programs tell the hardware what to do. 7 software is designed to accomplishreal-world tasks in fields such as accounting, entertainment, and engineering. Computers are usually 8 into four broad categories: microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. It’s hard to give a 9 definition to each type because computer speeds and storage 10 change rapidly.1. A. As B. It C. As it D. That2. A. what B. which C. where D. when3. A. performs B. carries C. makes D. integrates4. A. decimal B. binary C. Arabian D. American5. A. technique B. Technology C. techniques D. technologies6. A. instead of B. rather than C. but also D. as well7. A. Application B. System C. Word D. Excel8. A. put B. made C. conducted D. classified9. A. precious B. progress C. proceeding D. precise10. A. capacities B. capable C. capabilities D. capacity1.A2. B3. A4. B5. C6. C7. A8. D9. D 1 0.CVII. Translate the following into English.1.By using various coding techniques, groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers but also other discrete symbols.通过应用各种编码技术。

“操作系统”英语怎么说名词解释：操作系统(Operating System，简称OS)是管理和控制计算机硬件与软件资源的计算机程序，是直接运行在“裸机”上的最基本的系统软件，任何其他软件都必须在操作系统的支持下才能运行。

你知道怎么用英语表达吗?Microsoft has decided to continue providing virus warnings for the ageing Windows XPoperating system until 2015.The warnings were due to end on 8 April 2014 when all other support for the software is scheduled to stop.However, the numbers still running the 12-year-old operating system convinced it to provide more help.About 30% of all desktop computers are still running XP, according to figures from a research firm.微软已经决定将继续为老一代操作系统Windows XP提供病毒警报直至2015年。

按原来的计划，Windows XP的安全警报以及其他支持服务会在2014年4月8日到期结束。

虽然XP已是12岁“高龄”，但是运行XP的电脑数量之多，证明仍有必要为其提供一些服务。

根据一家研究公司的数字，仍有约30%的台式电脑还在使用运行Windows XP操作系统。

【讲解】文中的operating system就是“操作系统”的意思，可以简写为OS。

其中operating是一个形容词，在这里解释为“操作的”，它还可以解释作“手术的”，如operating room或operating theatre(手术室)、operating table(手术台)。

单选题一、单选题（共V1. Our house is ( )than theirs.A. expensiverB. much expensiveC. expensiveD. more expensive满分：2. - Do you think I should study Japanese or French? - ( ).A. It's your own decisionB. None of your businessC. It's up to youD. That's all right满分：3. -Do you mind telling me where you're from? -( ).A. Certainly. I'm from LondonB. Sure. I was born in LondonC. Certainly not. I'm from LondonD. Not really, you can do it满分：4. -Oh, sorry to bother you. -( ).A. That's okayB. No, you can'tC. That's goodD. Oh, I don't know满分：2 分5. This is ( )I have ever read.A. the better novelB. a best novelC. a better novelD. the best novel满分：2 分6. The teacher has done all ( )he can to help her students.A. whichB. whatC. -D. when满分：2 分7. -This picture is very nice, but I think it's too small for our room. -( ).A. I agree. Let's look for a bigger oneB. You're quite right. What a good ideaC. I agree. Our room is very smallD. I agree. Let's look for a nicer one满分：2 分8. Bill doesn't ( )what people say about him.A. concernB. matterC. careD. disturb满分：2 分9. ( )you finish your homework, you can't watch TV.A. IfB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Unless满分：2 分10. The completed report was sent out by ( )?A. whomB. whoC. whichD. what满分：2 分11. -How often do you go to the cinema? -( ).A. I like cinemasB. Last week and the week beforeC. I've never been to the cinemaD. once a year满分：2 分12. -Hello, may I talk to John please? -( ).A. Sorry, he is busy at the momentB. No, you can'tC. Sorry, you can'tD. I don't know满分：2 分13. He owns 3 factories ( ).A. employing 100 people eachB. employing each 100 peopleC. each employ 100 peopleD. each employs 100 people满分：2 分14. -What do you think of his suggestion? -( ).A. No, I don't believe itB. It's hard to say, actuallyC. Sorry, I can't remember herD. I never think of him满分：2 分15. He couldn't ( )the trip because he had no money.A. makeB. takeC. goD. get满分：2 分16. -I doubt whether the Chinese Football Team can win the game this time. -( ).A. That's trueB. It's hard to sayC. I like the teamD. I don't believe it满分：2 分17. -Will you go on a picnic with us tomorrow? -( )A. Yes, but I'll have English classes.B. Sorry, I have an appointment with Dr. Brown.C. I'm afraid I have no idea.D. I won't. It's kind of you.满分：2 分18. ( )her last Saturday, I would have told her the news.A. If I metB. Have I metC. If I had metD. If I have met满分：2 分19. She promised to ( )me off at the station tomorrow.A. seeB. getC. meetD. carry满分：2 分20. He works in the same company ( )I do.A. whichB. thatC. asD. like满分：2 分21. Jack is good, hard working and intelligent. ( ). I can't speak too highly of him.A. As a resultB. By the wayC. On the contraryD. In a word满分：2 分22. You ( )put the passport in the suitcase, I may need it at any time.A. mustn't haveB. wouldn't haveC. shouldn't haveD. won't have 满分：2 分23. It ( )me two days to finish the report.A. takesB. spendsC. costsD. pays 满分：2 分24. -I haven't seen Billy for 10 years. -( ) A. Either have I. B. So have I. C. Haven't I. D. Neither have I. 满分：2 分25. If they ( )searching, I would have died. A. have given up B. gave up C. had given up D. has given up 满分：2 分26. -I'm taking my driving test tomorrow. -( ) A. Cheers! B. Good luck! C. Come on!D. Congratulations!满分：2 分27. The advertisement can ( )seen in all the top newspapers.A. 不填B. beingC. toD. be满分：2 分28. The concert usually takes place at the People's Square, with the audience ( )on theground.A. seatingB. seatedC. be seatingD. to seat满分：2 分29. -Would you like a cup of coffee? -( ).A. It's very kind of youB. No, I wouldn'tC. Yes, pleaseD. Here you are满分：2 分30. Could you please tell me ( )?A. how long have you lived hereB. how long you lived hereC. how long you have lived hereD. you have lived here how long满分：2 分31. Could you please tell me ( )you know about the accident（事故）?A. thatB. whichC. whatD. why满分：2 分32. The course was ( )good that I told my friend to do it.A. suchB. veryC. soD. extremely满分：2 分33. That is ( ).A. the best film I've ever seenB. a best film I've ever seenC. the best film I've never seenD. the best film I've always seen满分：2 分34. The light is on. He ( )at home.A. must have beenB. would beC. must beD. will be满分：2 分35. We had no problem ( )his house.A. at findingB. to findingC. in findingD. find 满分：2 分36. -May I see the menu, please? -( ).A. That is the menu, sirB. Yes, please go onC. Here you are, sirD. Of course, sir 满分：2 分37. Three-quarters of people like it. So that's ( )90%, which is our target.A. preciselyB. approximatelyC. underD. around 满分：2 分38. Who do you think should be responsible ( )this?A. withB. forC. ofD. to 满分：2 分39. Are you ( )of the mistakes you have made?A. awareB. sureC. clearD. knowing满分：2 分40. It's ( )the driest summers we have ever known.A. allB. amongC. bothD. one of满分：2 分41. They had succeeded ( )the task in time.A. at completingB. to completeC. in completingD. complete满分：2 分42. -Excuse me, is this seat free? -( ).A. No, you can't sit hereB. Sorry, it is takenC. Yes, it is seated by a boyD. Yes, but I don't know满分：2 分43. -Can I help you with your suitcase? -( ).A. I have no ideaB. No, no. I can carry it myselfC. That's a good ideaD. Thank you. I can manage myself满分：2 分44. -What a great race! Do you like it? -( ).A. Yes, it is really disappointingB. No, I like itC. No, it's worth seeing itD. Yeah. It's really exciting.满分：2 分45. That smells lovely. ( )delicious food!A. WhichB. WhatC. What aD. How a满分：2 分46. -What would you like to have, meat or fish? -( ).A. Either will doB. Yes, I like meatC. Yes, I like fishD. No, they are not my favorite满分：2 分47. -We are going to have a dancing party tonight. Would you like to join us? -( ).A. I'm afraid not. Because I have an appointment with my dentist tonightB. Of course not. I have no idea.C. No, I can'tD. That's all set满分：2 分48. It was ( )hot that we had to open all the office windows.A. 不填B. tooC. soD. such满分：2 分49. -How are things with you, Bill? -( ).A. Hello, SueB. I'm terribly busy these daysC. Mind your own businessD. See you later满分：2 分50. -Northwestern Airlines. May I help you? -( ).A. Yes, I'd like to have two pints of beer, pleaseB. Yes, I'd like some information about morning flights from Beijing to DetroitC. Well, there's a flight at 11:00 am. It's a nonstop flightD. Well, all the seats have been reserved满分：2 分请同学及时保存作业,如您在20分钟内不作操作,系统将自动退出。

作业用英语怎么说课堂作业是教师在上课时布置学生当堂进行操练的各种练习，课外作业是学生在课外时间独立进行的学习活动。

是检测学生是否学会课上的知识点的一种方法。

那么你知道作业用英语怎么说吗?下面跟着店铺一起来学习一下吧。

作业的英语说法1：homework作业的英语说法2：task作业的英语说法3：school assignment作业的相关短语：作业系统 Operating System ;周末作业 Weekend Homework作业程序 job program ; operational procedure ; task program ; Operating procedure户外作业out-door work ; out-door study ; Open work ; Outdoor operations小组作业 Group work ; group assignment ; group exercise ; group project作业处理job processing ; job manipulation ; operation processing ; job handling平行作业 paralell operation ; parallel working ; parallel job ; parallel operation作业区 operating region ; operating area ; working district ; work zone作业的英语例句：1. Anne struggled to help Peter and Zara with their prep.安妮努力帮助彼得和扎拉完成他们的家庭作业。

2. Tom admits that playing video games sometimes distracts him from his homework.汤姆承认玩电子游戏有时会使他无心做作业。

计算机专业英语教程第四版翻译课后练习题含答案简介《计算机专业英语教程》是针对计算机专业学生编写的一本英语教材。

本书旨在帮助学生通过学习计算机领域的专业英语词汇和语法，提升他们的英语能力和技能。

本文将为读者提供该教材第四版的课后练习题及答案。

第一课练习题1.将下列单词从易到难排序：chip, computer, algorithm, software,desktop2.将下列单词从中文翻译为英文：程序设计，硬件，操作系统，输入，输出3.请解释下列缩略语的全称：RAM，CPU，OS答案1.desktop, chip, computer, software, algorithm2.programming, hardware, operating system, input, output3.RAM（Random Access Memory），CPU（Central Processing Unit），OS（Operating System）第二课练习题1.请翻译下列句子：计算机的功能越来越强大，它可以执行许多任务。

2.请解释下列单词的意思：interface，protocol，server，router答案puters are becoming more and more powerful and they canperform many tasks.2.interface（接口）, protocol（协议），server（服务器），router（路由器）第三课练习题1.请将下列单词按字母顺序排列：database，file，program，server，storage2.请填写下列句子的空格：计算机会读取从硬盘 __ （into）内存。

3.请解释下列单词的意思：database，algorithm，client，browser答案1.algorithm，database，file，program，server，storage2.into3.database（数据库），algorithm（算法），client（客户端），browser（浏览器）第四课练习题1.请翻译下列句子：今天我学会了如何编写计算机程序。

PEP小学英语六年级上册Unit 4 作业设计作业布置是教学的重要组成部分，可以与课堂教学紧密配合，科学合理的作业布置又会对学生的知识掌握起到及时反馈作用，有利于教师更好的完成教学任务。

然而在实际教学中，作业的布置主要存在这么一个通病：让学生抄写大量的英语单词、朗读、听录音等，它缺乏创造性，教学效果大打折扣，同时容易扼杀学生的学习兴趣。

而作业是是课堂的延伸，担当着巩固课上所学，克服遗忘，联系新旧知识等角色，是课堂教学的重要组成部分。

英语作业有两种，一是书面作业，二是口头作业。

通过国培计划的研修学习，我对作业的布置有了全新的认识和体会。

下面谈谈我个人的一些浅薄的见解：一、布置作业前要吃透教材教师在布置前要熟悉并吃透教材，领悟相应的重难点，教学目标要定位准确。

如果教师布置前置性作业时对目标把握的不明确、不准确，那么课堂上学生的交流也只能停留在泛泛而谈的浅层次上，教师更不能引领学生进行有效交流。

二、作业的设计要有趣味性。

布置作业时不能总是让学生抄单词写句子，这样会使他们感到枯燥乏味。

三、作业的设计要照顾到每位学生作业的设计要考虑到每位学生，使每个层次的学生都能有质量地完成作业。

总之，作业的布置,为学科课程提供广泛的感性背景,为课本知识的运用提供实践的平台,注重学生的主动实践,独立思考,积极探究与合理表现,让作业更富人情味,让学习洋溢生命气息,使学生在作业中释放自我潜能,开发多元智能,体验学习的愉悦和自信,获得个性的和谐发展。

我把我的经验及想法总结成以下的一个单元作业：一、第一课时作业设计1、词组抄写作业要求：根据自己的喜好顺序抄写词组，根据自己的学习情况自己决定一个抄几行，但一个一行是最基础的。

如我最喜欢playing the violin,那么就先抄playing the violin，其次我喜欢collecting stamps，那么就接着抄collecting stamps。

尝试默写这五个词组。