SAE J1516-1998 调节工具的参考点

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 3.Definitions—In addition to the definitions listed as follows, reference is made to the following definitions given in SAE J1100:a.H-pointb.H-point height (H30)c.Steering wheel diameter (W9)d.Accelerator heel point (AHP)e.Seating reference point (SgRP)3.1Class A Vehicles—Vehicles with H-point heights (H30) less than 405 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9)less than 450 mm. This class of vehicles includes passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and vans.3.2Class B Vehicles—Vehicles with H-point heights (H30) between 405 and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9) between 450 and 560 mm with treadle accelerator pedals. This class of vehicles includes heavy trucks, some medium duty trucks, and some buses.3.3The following definitions pertain to locating procedures for vehicles defined as belonging to Class A.3.3.1C LASS A V EHICLES ' A CCOMMODATION T OOL R EFERENCE L INE —Two-dimensional side view curve which defines a horizontal reference point as a function of H-point height to which driver workspace accommodation tools can be located in vehicle space. The line is appropriate to reference workspace tools to accommodate a driver population with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The reference line can be determined from the following equation:(Eq. 1)where:x is the horizontal reference location in mm aft of the accommodation ball of foot reference and z is the height of the H-point above the accommodation heel reference (H30) in mm.3.3.2P EDAL P LANE —A plane viewed as a line in side view which is tangent to the accelerator pedal and represents the bottom of the two-dimensional manikin's shoe.3.3.3P EDAL P LANE A NGLE —The angle between the pedal plane and the horizontal floor which is a function of manikin geometry - the 95th percentile leg links and an 87 degree foot angle with the H-point on the 95th percentile selected seat position curve at a specified H-point height (H30). The pedal plane angle, θ, can be determined from the equation:(Eq. 2)where:z is the height of the H-point above the accelerator heel point (H30) in centimeters. The equation was derived by placing the manikin's H-point on the 95th percentile selected seat position curve, moving the manikin along the curve and measuring the angle its shoe (pedal plane) made with the horizontal floor while keeping the heel on the floor and the ball of foot on the pedal.3.3.4B ALL OF F OOT —A point on a straight line 203 mm from the accelerator heel point tangent to the bottom of the manikin's shoe at the ball of foot.x 793.70.903387z 0.00225518z2–+=θ78.960.15z –0.0173z2–=3.3.595TH P ERCENTILE S ELECTED S EAT P OSITION C URVE —A two-dimensional side view curve which expresses driver selected seat position aft of the ball of foot reference for 95th percentile accommodation as a function of vehicle H-point height. The curve can be determined from the following equation:(Eq. 3)where:x is the location in mm of the 95th percentile H-point aft of the ball of foot and z is the height of the H-point above the accelerator heel point (H30) in mm.3.3.6A CCOMMODATION H EEL R EFERENCE P OINT —A point on the pedal plane that intersects the depressed floor covering below the accelerator pedal. This point is defined when the pedal plane is set up at the appropriate angle, θ, as a function of H-point height and placed tangent to a point on the pedal surface with heel on the floor. This point defines the horizontal reference plane in side view for positioning the Class A accommodation tool reference line.3.3.7A CCOMMODATIONB ALL O F F OOT R EFERENCE P OINT —A point on the pedal plane 203 mm from the accommodation heel reference point. The point is defined when the pedal plane is set up at the appropriate angle, θ, as a function of H-point height and placed tangent to a point on the pedal surface with the heel on the depressed floor covering. This point defines the vertical reference plane in side view for positioning the Class A accommodation tool reference line.3.4The following definitions pertain to locating procedures for vehicles defined as belonging to Class B.3.4.1C LASS B V EHICLES ' A CCOMMODATION T OOL R EFERENCE L INE —Two-dimensional side view line which defines a horizontal reference point as a function of H-point height to which driver workspace accommodation tools can be located in vehicle space. Three different lines are provided to reference workspace tools to accommodate truck driver populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5. The reference lines can be determined from the following equations.(Eq. 4)(Eq. 5)(Eq. 6)where:x is the horizontal reference location in mm aft of the accommodation heel reference and z is the height of the H-point above the accommodation heel reference (H30) in mm.3.4.2P EDAL P LANE —A plane viewed as a line in side view that is parallel to the treadle pedal surface and represents the bottom of the two dimensional manikin's shoe.3.4.3P EDAL P LANE A NGLE —The angle between the pedal plane and the horizontal floor that represents the attitude of the two-dimensional manikin's shoe (manikin ankle angle can exceed 87 degrees) with heel on the floor in contact with the base of the treadle accelerator pedal.x 95913.70.672316z 0.0019553z2–+=For 50:50 male-to-female ratio:x 798.740.446z –=For 75:25 male-to-female ratio:x 822.440.460z –=For 90:10 to 95:5 male-to-female ratio:x 855.310.509z–=3.4.4A CCOMMODATION H EEL R EFERENCE P OINT—A point on the pedal plane that intersects the depressed floorcovering below the accelerator pedal. This point is defined when the pedal plane parallels the surface of the undepressed treadle pedal. This point defines both the horizontal and vertical reference planes in side view for positioning the Class B accommodation tool reference line.4.Background—Previously, manufacturers used a seating reference point (SgRP) to locate driver workspaceaccommodation tools. Definition of the location of this reference point was left to a manufacturer's discretion.Consequently, the SgRP could vary among competitors' vehicles for similar seating arrangements leading to different indications of accommodation provided by commonly used tools. A more consistent reference point across vehicles based on how drivers used the seat travel was required to eliminate those differences.Data to define the reference line to be used in Class A vehicles were collected from fourteen different workspace studies (see Reference SAE Paper 840508). Workspaces included a range of vehicles from sports cars with 145 to 180 mm H-point heights through vans and multipurpose vehicles with 300 to 405 mm H-point heights. Steering wheel diameters were between 330 and 442 mm. Driver selected seat position of subjects stratified by stature and sex to represent the general driving population (assuming a 50:50 male-to-female mix) were collected in these workspaces. Data were converted to H-point locations relative to a manikin ball of foot reference for each package.The median H-point location, a statistically stable reference point, was determined for each package and plotted as a function of package H-point height (H30). A second degree polynomial was fit to the data. This line which gives a horizontal reference location as a function of H-point height for a driver population composed of 50% males and 50% females is the accommodation tool reference line for vehicles defined as belonging to Class A.Data to define the reference line to be used in Class B vehicles were collected from a heavy truck workspace study (see References M.S. Sanders 1983 and B.E. Shaw 1984). The workspace simulated three truck cab configurations with H-point heights of 405, 468, and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters of 457, 508, and 560 mm. All configurations had a treadle accelerator pedal and suspended clutch. Driver selected seat position of male and female heavy truck drivers were collected in the workspace. Data were converted to H-point locations relative to a manikin heel point reference for each package.Pedal configuration determined the reference points chosen for both classes of vehicles. Most Class A vehicles have suspended accelerator pedals. With a suspended pedal, the manikin's ball of foot reference is less likely to change due to the amount of seat travel provided in a workspace. The heel point location however changes with the amount of available travel. Most Class B vehicles have treadle pedals. With this configuration pedal, the manikin's heel point has a physical stop to rest against making it less likely to change as a function of pedal depression angle. Application of this practice (Class B) supposes a reasonable, typical accelerator pedal angle.A statistical technique was used to generate four populations from the original truck workspace data with thefollowing ratios of males and females; 50:50, 75:25, 90:10, and 95:5. Median H-point locations were determined for the three H-point height configurations by population mix and plotted as a function of H-point height (H30). Straight lines were fitted to each of the four mixes of data. (Second degree expressions were not used due to paucity of data). Separate equations define horizontal reference points as a function of H-point height for truck driver populations with 50:50 and 75:25 male-to-female ratios. The linear expressions for populations with 90:10 and 95:5 male-to-female ratios were very similar. Therefore, one equation, appropriate for both mixes, was developed to define a horizontal reference point as a function of H-point height. These three lines which give horizontal H-point location as a function of H-point height for populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5 are the accommodation tool reference lines for vehicles defined as belonging to Class B.5.Description5.1Equations—Equations are given that define horizontal reference points in vehicle space as a function ofH-point height. One second degree equation defines the accommodation tool reference line for Class A vehicles. The line is appropriate to reference workspace tools to accommodate a driver population with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. Three first degree equations define the accommodation tool reference lines for Class B vehicles. One line is appropriate to reference workspace tools to accommodate truck driver populations with 50% males and 50% females; the second line, populations with 75% males and 25% females; the third line, populations with 90% to 95% males and 10% to 5% females. All accommodation tool reference lines are located in vehicle space relative to vertical and horizontal side view planes. In Class A vehicles, these planes are defined from the accommodation ball of foot and the accommodation heel reference points. In Class B vehicles, these planes are defined from the accommodation heel reference point only. Procedures for establishing these planes differ for Class A and Class B vehicles.5.2Application Table—A table (Table 1) is given that provides information for defining the accommodation heeland ball of foot reference points for Class A vehicles only to which the accommodation tool reference line can be located. The table provides the following:a.The horizontal distance between the accommodation ball of foot reference point and theaccommodation heel reference point (referred to as L in Table 1).b.The vertical distance between the accommodation heel reference point and the accommodation ball offoot reference point (referred to as H in T able 1).Use of the table eliminates the necessity of computing the pedal plane angle, θ, since L and H values can be used to define the pedal plane and its angle, θ.6.Locating Procedures—Different procedures are used to locate accommodation tool reference lines inClass A and Class B vehicles. Procedures are based on a given H-point height and given accelerator pedal hardware.6.1Use the following procedure to define accommodation heel and ball of foot reference points to locate theaccommodation tool reference line in Class A workspaces.6.1.1Construct a right triangle using the L and H values from Table 1 for the given or measured H-point height, z.the hypotenuse represents the pedal plane. The corner of the triangle point where the hypotenuse meets the horizontal leg represents the accommodation heel reference point. The corner of the triangle where the hypotenuse meets the vertical leg represents the accommodation ball of foot reference point. The angle between the hypotenuse and horizontal leg of the triangle represents the pedal plane angle, θ.6.1.2Determine the shape of the accelerator pedal in side view and any associated pivots that allow the pedalangle to adapt to the driver's foot.6.1.3Set the hypotenuse of the triangle (pedal plane) tangent to the pedal. Rock the pedal if geometry allowsmovement. The pedal plane may extend beyond the fall of foot for pedal contact. The horizontal leg of the triangle must be aligned with the depressed heel.6.1.4Locate the accommodation tool reference line to the accommodation heel and ball of foot reference points.Since these points do not lie in the same horizontal and vertical planes, horizontal and vertical side view lines should be constructed through the reference points. The intersection of these lines, defines the side view station to which the accommodation tool reference line is located.6.1.5For certain treadle pedal configurations in Class A vehicles, the following situations may occur:6.1.5.1If the angle the treadle pedal surface makes with the floor is less than the pedal plane angle, θ, theaccommodation heel reference point will contact the pedal surface, but the accommodation ball of foot reference point will not. (See Figure 2.) In this case, set the accommodation heel reference point in contact with the pedal, then pivot the pedal plane around this point until the accommodation ball of foot vertical reference point contacts the pedal surface. Locate the accommodation tool reference line to these points using the same procedure outlined in 6.1.4.6.1.5.2If the angle the treadle pedal surface makes with the floor is greater than the pedal plane angle, θ, theaccommodation ball of foot reference point will contact the pedal surface, but the accommodation heel reference point will not. (See Figure 3.) In this case, define the accommodation ball of foot reference at pedal contact, even though the pedal plane may go through the pedal surface, and the accommodation heel reference does not contact the pedal surface. Locate the accommodation tool reference line to the accommodation heel and ball of foot reference using the same procedure outlined in 6.1.4.6.2Use the following procedure to define the accommodation heel reference point to locate the accommodationtool reference line in Class B vehicles.6.2.1For treadle pedal, define the pedal plane and pedal plane angle, from the treadle pedal surface and the anglethe pedal makes with the floor, and proceed to 6.2.2. If a suspended pedal is used in a Class B vehicle, the following procedure should be used to define the accommodation heel reference point.6.2.1.1Determine the pedal plane angle, as defined by the equation (Equation 2) given in 3.3.3. Construct a line(pedal plane) tangent to the undepressed accelerator pedal in the side view which intersects the floor at the determined angle. Rock the pedal as necessary if geometry allows movement to adapt to the driver's foot. Proceed to 6.2.2.6.2.2Define the accommodation heel reference point as the point where the pedal plane intersects the depressedfloor coverings. This point also represents the vertical station to which the accommodation tool reference line is to be located.6.2.3Determine population mix for design. Locate the appropriate accommodation tool reference line to theaccommodation heel reference point.TABLE 1—5.2 APPLICATION TABLEChair Height (Z) mm 95% H-Point Aftof Ball of Foot(X)mmBall of FootLength toHeel Point (L)mmBall of FootHeight AboveHeel Point (H)mm100 961.4 50.0 196.7 105 962.7 50.9 196.5 110 964.0 51.8 196.3 115 965.2 52.7 196.0 120 966.2 53.7 195.8125 967.254.7195.5 130968.155.7195.2 135968.856.7194.9 140969.557.8194.6145970.158.9194.3 150970.660.0193.9 155970.961.1193.6 160971.262.3193.2165971.463.5192.8 170971.564.7192.4 175971.566.0192.0 180971.467.3191.5185971.268.6191.1190970.969.9190.6195970.571.2190.1200970.072.6189.6205969.474.0189.0210968.775.5188.5215967.976.9187.9220967.078.4187.3225966.079.9186.6230964.981.4186.0235963.783.0185.3240962.484.5184.6245961.186.1183.8250959.687.7183.1255958.089.4182.3260956.391.0181.5265954.692.7180.6270952.794.4179.7275950.796.1178.8280948.797.8177.9285946.599.6176.9 290944.2101.3175.9 295941.9103.1174.9 300939.4104.9173.8 305936.9106.7172.7 310934.2108.5171.6 315931.5110.4170.4 320928.6112.2169.2 325925.7114.1167.9 330922.6115.9166.6 335919.5117.8165.3 340916.3119.7163.9 345912.9121.6162.5 350909.5123.5161.1 355906.0125.5159.6 360902.3127.4158.1 365898.6129.3156.5 370894.8131.2154.9 375890.9133.2153.2 380886.8135.1151.5 385882.7137.0149.8 390878.5139.0148.0 395874.2140.9146.1 400869.8142.8144.2TABLE 1—5.2 APPLICATION TABLE (CONTINUED)Chair Height (Z) mm 95% H-Point Aft of Ball of Foot(X)mmBall of Foot Length to Heel Point (L)mmBall of Foot Height Above Heel Point (H)mmFIGURE 1—TRUCK ACCOMMODATION TOOL REFERENCE LINEFIGURE 2—FIGURE 3—PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS OCCUPATIONAL PARAMETERS SUBCOMMITTEEOF THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS OCCUPANT AND ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEESAE J1516 Reaffirmed DEC1998Rationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—Reference lines have been developed to which driver workspace accomodation tools can be located in vehicle space. The lines describe horizontal reference point locations as a function of vehicle H-point height (H30). One reference line has been established for use in vehicles with H-point heights (H30) and steering wheel diameters (W9) less than 405 and 450 mm, respectively. (Class A Vehicles) This point can be used to reference appropriate workspace tools to accomodate a driver population witha male-to-female ratio of one-to-one. Separate reference lines have been established for use in vehicleswith H-point heights (H30) between 405 and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9) between 450 and 560 mm with treadle type pedals. (Class B Vehicles) Figure 1. Three lines are available for use in Class B vehicles depending on the percentages of males and females in the population the designer wishes to accommodate. Separate points can be used to reference appropriate workspace tools to accommodate driver populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5.Difference procedures for locating Class A and Class B accommodation tool reference lines in vehicle space have been established based on unique packaging considerations of the two categories of vehicles.Reference SectionSAE J941—Motor Vehicle Driver's Eye RangeSAE J1052—Motor Vehicle Driver and Passenger Head PositionSAE J1100—Motor Vehicle DimensionsSAE J1517—Driver Selected Seat PositionSAE J1521—Truck Driver Shin-Knee Position for Clutch and AccelerationSAE J1522—Truck Driver Stomach PositionSAE Paper No. 840508—Driver Selected Seat Position ModelM.S. Sanders (1983), "U.S. T ruck Driver Anthropometric and Truck Workspace Study," Final Report Submitted to: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA.B.E.Shaw and M.S. Sanders (1984), "Female U.S. Truck Driver Anthropometric and Truck WorkspaceStudy," Final Report Submitted to: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA. Developed by the SAE Truck and Bus Occupational Parameters SubcommitteeSponsored by the SAE Truck and Bus Cab Occupant and Environment Committee。

汽车设计自动化——整车人机布置（UG）杨金锋/ 总体设计部2008-9-12简介NX General Packaging 是一整套汽车布置的设计软件，以车身内部布置为主。

它为汽车设计工程师提供了设计向导，加快了汽车内部布置的设计，并能评价此设计是否符合SAE标准或某些地方法规（欧洲/加拿大/美国等）。

Tool bar & Menu——工具条和菜单空间布置视野校核运动校核向导界面车身人体工程学车身人机工程学的基本内容，主要表现为：¾通过测量、统计、分析人体的尺寸，在进行车身内部布置设计时，以此为依据，确定车内的有效空间以及各零部件（仪表板、顶棚、地毯等）的布置位置和尺寸关系；¾通过对人体生理结构的研究，以使座椅设计以及人体坐姿符合人体乘坐舒适性要求；¾根据人体操纵范围和操纵力的测定，确定各操纵装置（转向盘、踏板、手刹、换档等）的布置和作用力大小，以使人体操纵时自然、迅速、准确、轻便，并降低操纵疲劳强度；¾通过对人眼的视觉特性、视野效果的研究、试验，校核驾驶员的信息系统，以保证驾驶员获得正确的驾驶信息；¾根据人体的运动学，研究汽车碰撞时对人体的合理保护，正确确定安全带的铰接点位置和对人体的约束力；研究振动时对乘坐舒适性的影响;研究人体上下车的方便，以确定车门的开口部位与尺寸；¾根据人体的生理要求，合理确定并布置空调系统；¾研究人的心理特性和要求，设计一个舒适、美观、轻松的环境。

车身室内布置设计¾基本要求：空间宽敞、乘坐舒适和视野广阔，即尺寸性、舒适性和视野性的要求。

¾基础内容：以人体尺寸、人体生理结构和视觉特性为依据，着手进行布置设计，最终使室内设计达到以人体为中心的三个整车协调：操作纵件位置的协调，以确定合理的驾驶位置；车内空间尺寸的协调，以达到最有效的空间利用；整车的人车视野协调，使其具有最佳视觉效果。

机床回参考点有两种情况：一种是绝对值式的，一种是增量式的对于增量式的来说又分为零脉冲在参考点开关之外和零脉冲在参考点开关之上。

这两种情况由机床数据MD34050 REFP_SEARCH_MARKER_REVERSE[O][ 编码器零脉冲在参考点开关的反向（编码器号）]来决定。

当MD34050=1时用上升沿触发，而MD34050=0用下降沿触发。

增量式的回参相对来说比较麻烦，它需要在每次开机或者传输程序后会造成参考点丢失，都要重新会参考点。

为了防止发生事故可以设置MD20700 REFP_NC_START_L0CK=1 （未回参考点NC启动禁止）来保护机床对于增量式来说有以下几种方式会参考点:1手动方式回参：它是通过设置相应的参数，然后点击MCP上的Reform 键触发，至于回参的方向则由MD 34010 REFP_CAM_DIR_IS_MINUS （负向逼近参考点）的值来决定。

如果按错方向键或者按键的过程中中断则程序没有反映或者回参失败。

2触发方式回参：它是通过MD11300 JOG-INC-MODE-LEVELTRIGGRD（返回参考点触发方式）来决定的将该数据设置为0时，只需要点击相应的方向键，方向还是由MD34010来决定。

如果按错后程序没有反映。

它只需要点击相应的方向键一下就可以自动回参考点。

其实并不只对进给轴有效，对主轴也也可以有效，那就是与机床参数MD34200ENC_REFP_M0DE[n] 有关。

当该数据为1时，主轴也可以采用触发方式回参，那就意味着我们可能不是用Bero回参了。

如果有多个进给轴的话，它们可以按照顺序回参，顺序在MD34110 REFP_CYCLE_NR 中定义，也可以都定义为同一个那么所有的轴就是同时进行。

4.2）。

它很多时候需要程序员自己来编写一个简单的激活程序，相当于定义一个键用来触发通道回参。

同样它也可以对主轴有效。

相关设计参数和触发方式中的红字部分相似。

编号：整车设计手册H 点设计及人机布置指南校对：2022 年08 月前言汽车 H 点是与操作便利性及坐姿舒适性相关的车内尺寸的基准点，驾驶员以正常姿势入座后，其体重的大局部通过臀部由座椅和坐垫支撑，一局部通过脚作用于汽车地板上。

在汽车的这种特定的约束坐姿下，驾驶员在操作时身体上部的活动必定是绕通过 H 点的轴转动。

并且 H 点是确定眼椭圆的基准点，汽车 H 点还影响驾驶员的手控界面，并且是很多法规工程的基准，也是汽车局部操作性和舒适性设计的基准，所以正确确实立 H 点对整车设计格外重要。

目录1术语和定义 (1)1.1H 点行程路径 (1)1.2乘坐基准点〔S G RP〕、R 点、设计H 点 (1)1.3加速踏板踵点〔AHP〕......................................................................................................... 1.1.4踏板基准点〔PRP〕............................................................................................................. 1.1.5踏板平面角〔PPA〕............................................................................................................. 1.1.6地板基准点，后排乘员 ....................................................................................................... 1. 2人体尺寸选择.. (1)3驾驶员H 点设计 (2)3.1H 点布置输入........................................................................................................................ 3.3.2初步确定参数....................................................................................................................... 3.3.2.1初步确定驾驶员坐姿高度H30 (3)3.2.2确定SgRP 点Y 坐标W20 (3)3.2.3初步确定加速踏板踵点〔AHP〕位置 (4)3.2.4确定踏板平面角A47 (5)3.3 A 类车辆的定位程序............................................................................................................ 5.3.4定位方向盘中心及倾角 ....................................................................................................... 8.3.5确定驾驶员设计靠背角〔A40〕 (11)3.6确定H 点运动轨迹〔座椅导轨长度〕 (12)4后排乘员H 点设计 (14)4.1后排乘员坐姿舒适角度 ..................................................................................................... 1. 5 5乘员空间 . (15)5.1腿部空间............................................................................................................................. 1. 5 5.2顶部空间............................................................................................................................. 1. 6 5.3肩部空间............................................................................................................................. 1. 6 5.4臀部空间............................................................................................................................. 1. 7 5.5膝盖空间............................................................................................................................. 1. 8 5.6乘员脚部空间..................................................................................................................... 1. 85.6.1前排脚部空间 (18)5.6.1 后排脚部空间 (21)6人机布置 (23)6.1视野布置............................................................................................................................. 2. 36.1.1眼椭圆及眼点确定〔SAE J941〕 (23)6.1.2 视野基准点确定〔GB 11562〕 (25)6.1.3 风窗玻璃基准区 (27)5.1.4 驾驶员前方视野 (30)6.1.5遮阳板视野 (33)6.1.6组合仪表视野 (34)6.1.6视野眩目 (37)6.1.7视野障碍 (39)6.1.8侧视野 (45)6.1.9后视野 (48)6.1.10后风挡视野 (51)6.2舒适伸及范围..................................................................................................................... 5. 26.2.1驾驶员手把握区域〔SAE J287〕 (52)5.2.2 手操作范围〔EO〕 (53)6.2.3变速器换档手柄布置 (54)6.2.4驻车制动手柄布置 (58)6.2.5侧门手伸及的适宜范围 (61)6.2.6坐垫下部舒适操作区域 (63)6.2.7头顶舒适把握区域 (64)6.2.8侧关门操作区域 (65)6.3脚踏板布置......................................................................................................................... 6. 66.3.1A(Accelerator)、B(Brake)、C(Clutch)踏板布置 (66)6.3.2脚驻车制动踏板 (74)7整车H 点布置与外廓尺寸关系 (74)7.1长度尺寸关系..................................................................................................................... 7. 4 7.2高度尺寸关系..................................................................................................................... 7. 51术语和定义1.1H 点行程路径 H-point travel path本指定乘坐位置的座椅在全部的调整状态〔包括水平、垂直和倾斜〕下 H 点全部的可能位置。

SAE J1100 JUL2002——机动车辆尺寸1.范围——此SAE工业标准为汽车尺寸定义了一系列测量方法和标准程序。

这些尺寸主要为了评估在设计环境中（例：CAD）车辆的设计目的。

所有标准中的尺寸可以以此测量。

除此之外，一些尺寸可以从实际车辆中获得。

如果尺寸在物理属性状态下测得，值的一些偏差是可以预见的。

所以要仔细区分设计目的尺寸和物理状态下所得的尺寸。

除非另有说明，所有的尺寸测量都是垂直于三维参考系统（见SAE J182），除了地面相关尺寸是垂直于地面。

所有的尺寸都是在汽车空载状态下测得，除非另有说明。

所有的尺寸从基本车辆上测得，不包括正常生产选择（RPO）或附件，除非另有说明。

尽管许多术语和尺寸使用了人体身上的部位名称，但它们不能被解释成显示占用者的设备、性能或舒适度的衡量方法。

2.参考2.1应用出版物——以下出版物在这里的某种程度上形成了此规格的一部分。

除非另有说明，SAE出版物的最新版本将被应用。

2.1.1 SAE出版物——Available from SAE,400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale,PA,15096-0001。

SAE J182——机动车辆标准号SAE J287——驾驶员手部控制区域SAE J826——定义和测量汽车座椅的使用设备SAE J941——机动车辆驾驶员眼睛范围SAE J1052——机动车辆驾驶员和乘客头部位置SAE J1516——设备工具参考点SAE J1517——选择驾驶员座椅位置2.1.2 ISO 出版物——Available ANSI ,NY 10036-8002.ISO 3832——乘用车——测量参考体积的方法。

2.2 相关出版物——以下提供的出版物仅作信息目的，并不是此规格的要求部分。

2.2.1 ISO出版物——Available from ANSI,25 West 43rd Street,New York,NY 10036-8002。

FANUC参考点的建立和调整及主要相关报警1、参考点的建立（1）参考点的设定：把机械移动到机床的参考点或原点，使机床位置与CNC的机械坐标位置重合的操作，称为参考点的设定。

（2）参考点设定的方式为栅格方式，是通过基于位置检测器的一转信号的电气栅格来确定参考点的一种方式。

2、参考点建立的相关信号（1）手动参考点返回与如下信号有关（2）信号说明●参考点返回减速信号：*DECx该信号由减速开关发出，CNC直接读取该信号，无需PMC处理。

●参考点返回完成信号：ZPx（Zero Position）ZPnA：n=参考点号（第几参考点） A=轴号。

手动返回参考点或自动返回参考点（G28）完毕时，返回参考点完成信号（ZPx）变为1。

用手动进给或自动运行从参考点开始移动，或按急停按钮等，将使返回参考点完成信号信号（ZPx）变为0。

●参考点建立信号：ZRFx（Zero Reference）建立参考点过程中，当显示的位置坐标和机械原点位置一致时，此信号变为1。

注：使用增量脉冲编码器时，电源接通后进行1次返回参考点后就变为1；并且在切断电源之前均为1。

使用绝对式脉冲编码器时，建立参考点（参数1815#4：APZ为1）后，变为1。

3、挡块式参考点的建立及调整（1）挡块式参考点建立通过在机械上某一固定点安装减速开关，通过和工作台上的挡块进行碰压来确定参考点的位置。

碰压以后第一栅格点就是参考点。

PRM1005#1 为0时：有挡块参考点；为1时：无挡块参考点。

PRM1815#5 为0时：增量位置控制。

栅格方式：使用减速挡块回参考点使用CNC内部设计的栅格（每隔一定距离的信号）进行停止。

●确认减速挡块的位置因机械上不能保证每次对减速挡块的碰压和弹起时间的一致，所以如何调整脱开挡块距离原点的位置（脱开挡块的第一个栅格）就变得非常关键。

该调整不当时，会发生参考点偏差在一个螺距的现象。

（2）调整方法：参考技术区容量（栅格间距）=10000①参数PRM1850栅格偏移量为0；②返回参考点，建立原点；③观察诊断DGN302的数值；调整为5000数值为佳。

机动车辆驾驶员的眼睛位置前言---此被推荐实行的SAE标准介绍了眼椭圆——驾驶员眼睛位置的一种统计表示法，它便于对机动车辆视野进行设计与评估。

眼椭圆的应用包括后视镜尺寸和位置，雨刮及除霜面积，车柱尺寸及位置，以及一般的外部视野。

这些应用在其他SAE标准及ISO标准中有讲解。

这篇眼椭圆修订本是SAE J941自编制以来最有意义的一次修订。

新的眼椭圆与旧的眼椭圆不同之处有以下几个方面：a.俯视图和后视图中椭圆轴线与汽车轴线平行。

b.侧视图中X轴的角度在前部向下倾斜角更大。

c.95%（99%）的眼椭圆：1．x轴增长了7.5（18.9）mm2．Y轴减短了44.6（63.6）mm3．Z轴增长了7.4（10.1）mm。

d.眼椭圆中心定位在更高，更向后的位置。

e.侧视图中眼椭圆中心位置是由一些参数（SgRP, 转向轮位置，座椅坐垫角度，及有无离合器踏板）组成的函数式确定。

f.眼椭圆不再根据驾驶员座椅靠背角来确定。

g.座椅前后行程小于133mm时的眼椭圆x轴长度与先前SAE J941中是一样的。

Y轴、z轴及眼椭圆中心的位置，则是依据本文中所给出的新的方程式来确定。

h.P点和E点的位置是根据俯视图中到后视镜及A柱的视野线来确定，但要根据新的眼椭圆形状和位置进行调整。

新增内容及附录，总结如下：a.美国人群按男女等比例混合后95%及99%人群在固定座椅情况下的眼椭圆（附录B）。

b.身高和性别按任何比例混合后的人群，在可调座椅和固定座椅下的眼椭圆的绘制步骤（附录A和C）。

c.切线眼椭圆与inclusive眼椭圆的对比图表。

可用这些图表信息来创建inclusive眼椭圆（附录D）B类车辆的眼椭圆和以前的 SAE J941是一样的（附录E）。

附录仅仅提供信息，并不是本文的标准化要求。

目录1．范围 (3)2．参考文献 (3)3．名词解释 (4)4．美国人群男女等比例（50/50）混合后，可调座椅时， 95%和99%眼椭圆 (6)4.1眼椭圆轴长 (6)4.2眼椭圆轴的角度……………………………………………………………… .64.3眼椭圆中心位置 (7)5.眼椭圆的确定步骤（A类车辆） (8)6.P点和E点位置的确定步骤（A类车辆） (8)附录A 身高和性别按任何比例混合后的人群，可调座椅时的眼椭圆 (10)A.1椭圆轴的角度 (10)A.2椭圆中心参考位置 (10)A.3椭圆的轴长 (10)A.4最终的椭圆中心位置 (12)A.5所选世界人口的眼椭圆 (12)附录B 男女等比例（50/50）混合后的美国人群，固定座椅下，95%和99%眼椭圆 (15)B.1背景 (15)B.2椭圆轴的角度 (15)B.3椭圆的轴长 (16)B.4椭圆中心位置 (16)附录C身高和性别按任何比例混合后的人群，固定座椅下的眼椭圆 (18)C.1轴的角度 (18)C.2轴的长度 (18)C.3椭圆中心位置 (20)附录 D 切线眼椭圆（Tangent cutoff eyellipses）和。

R点在整车设计中的确立过程详析李江兵【摘要】R点是整车总布置设计的主要基准点之一，R点的准确与否，关系手伸及界面的布置是否舒适，对提高整车的使用便利性有直接影响；关系整车视野的设计是否合理，对驾驶员的行车主动安全影响巨大；关系驾驶员和乘员的乘坐舒适性和乘坐空间是否最优化，决定了整车的空间利用率，另外，R点对三踏板的布置、换挡操纵杆的位置、手刹的位置等有直接影响，因此，R点的合理选取是整车驾驶室空间布置，甚至是人机工程设计的基础。

笔者通过分析多个车型的R点布置，并结合SAE J1516的法规要求，总结了一套行之有效的R点确定和校核方法。

【期刊名称】《南方农机》【年(卷),期】2015(000)008【总页数】2页(P55-55,64)【关键词】R点;整车设计;详析【作者】李江兵【作者单位】江铃集团轻型汽车有限公司，江西南昌 344000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】U462.2随着国民经济的不断发展和人们生活水平的持续提高，汽车已逐渐成为大众生活的必需品。

我国汽车产业经过最近10年来的蓬勃发展，汽车已走进千家万户，人们对汽车的认识和要求也逐步深入，从最初的拥有一步车，上升至拥有一步物美价廉的好车[1]。

要开发一步让大众接收并满意的好车，除了拥有靓丽的外观造型、良好的操稳、不错的动力总成、优良的NVH性能外，更需要有舒适的座舱物件布置，例如：仪表板和门板上的操纵件的位置是否合理，能让驾驶员和乘员感受到恰到好处、三踏板、换挡杆、手刹的布置是否让驾驶员操纵起来舒适自如等，总之，人们对汽车人机工程的要求已到达非常高的水平。

由于汽车底盘和动力性能、NVH性能等需要通过动态和特定的工况才能识别，但人机工程则只需要静态感知，非常易于检测。

人机工程设计的好坏关系一辆车的产销量，决定了一辆车是否开发成功。

因此，要求人机工程的基础一定要做好，即R 点一定要准确。

1 逆向车型的R点汽车的逆向开发过程中，先选取一台市场接受度高、口碑良好的合资车，通过整车逆向开发，仅对外观专利作一些适应性的规避，就完成整车的开发。

SAE机动车辆驾驶员的眼睛位置前言---此被推荐实行的SAE 标准介绍了眼椭圆——驾驶员眼睛位置的一种统计表示法，它便于对机动车辆视野进行设计与评估。

眼椭圆的应用包括后视镜尺寸和位置，雨刮及除霜面积，车柱尺寸及位置，以及一般的外部视野。

这些应用在其他SAE 标准及ISO 标准中有讲解。

这篇眼椭圆修订本是SAE J941自编制以来最有意义的一次修订。

新的眼椭圆与旧的眼椭圆不同之处有以下几个方面：a. 俯视图和后视图中椭圆轴线与汽车轴线平行。

b. 侧视图中X 轴的角度在前部向下倾斜角更大。

c. 95%（99%）的眼椭圆：1．x轴增长了7.5（18.9）mm2．Y轴减短了44.6（63.6）mm3．Z轴增长了7.4（10.1）mm。

d. 眼椭圆中心定位在更高，更向后的位置。

e. 侧视图中眼椭圆中心位置是由一些参数（SgRP,转向轮位置，座椅坐垫角度，及有无离合器踏板）组成的函数式确定。

f. 眼椭圆不再根据驾驶员座椅靠背角来确定。

g. 座椅前后行程小于133mm 时的眼椭圆x 轴长度与先前SAE J941中是一样的。

Y轴、z轴及眼椭圆中心的位置，则是依据本文中所给出的新的方程式来确定。

h. P 点和E 点的位置是根据俯视图中到后视镜及A 柱的视野线来确定，但要根据新的眼椭圆形状和位置进行调整。

新增内容及附录，总结如下：a. 美国人群按男女等比例混合后95%及99%人群在固定座椅情况下的眼椭圆（附录B）。

b. 身高和性别按任何比例混合后的人群，在可调座椅和固定座椅下的眼椭圆的绘制步骤（附录A 和C）。

c. 切线眼椭圆与inclusive 眼椭圆的对比图表。

可用这些图表信息来创建inclusive 眼椭圆（附录D）B 类车辆的眼椭圆和以前的SAE J941是一样的（附录E）。

附录仅仅提供信息，并不是本文的标准化要求。

目录1．范围 (3)2．参考文献 (3)3．名词解释 (4)4．美国人群男女等比例（50/50）混合后，可调座椅时，95%和99%眼椭圆 (6)4.1眼椭圆轴长 (6)4.2眼椭圆轴的角度 (6)4.3眼椭圆中心位置 (7)5.眼椭圆的确定步骤（A类车辆） (8)6.P 点和E 点位置的确定步骤（A类车辆） (8)附录A 身高和性别按任何比例混合后的人群，可调座椅时的眼椭圆 (10)A.1椭圆轴的角度 (10)A.2椭圆中心参考位置 (10)A.3椭圆的轴长 (10)A.4最终的椭圆中心位置 (12)A.5所选世界人口的眼椭圆 (12)附录B 男女等比例（50/50）混合后的美国人群，固定座椅下，95%和99%眼椭圆 (15)B.1背景 (15)B.2椭圆轴的角度 (15)B.3椭圆的轴长 (16)B.4椭圆中心位置 (16)附录C 身高和性别按任何比例混合后的人群，固定座椅下的眼椭圆 (18)C.1轴的角度 (18)C.2轴的长度 (18)C.3椭圆中心位置 (20)附录D 切线眼椭圆（Tangentcutoff eyellipses）和。

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS SURFACE VEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001RECOMMENDED PRACTICESubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardJ1516REAF.DEC1998Issued 1985-10Reaffirmed1998-12Superseding J1516 MAR90Accommodation Tool Reference Point Foreword—This Reaffirmed Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Board format. Definitions have been changed to Section 3. All other section numbers have changed accordingly.1.Scope—Reference lines have been developed to which driver workspace accomodation tools can be locatedin vehicle space. The lines describe horizontal reference point locations as a function of vehicle H-point height (H30). One reference line has been established for use in vehicles with H-point heights (H30) and steering wheel diameters (W9) less than 405 and 450 mm, respectively. (Class A Vehicles) This point can be used to reference appropriate workspace tools to accommodate a driver population with a male-to-female ratio of one-to-one. Separate reference lines have been established for use in vehicles with H-point heights (H30) between 405 and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9) between 450 and 560 mm with treadle type pedals.(Class B Vehicles) See Figure 1. Three lines are available for use in Class B vehicles depending on the percentages of males and females in the population the designer wishes to accommodate. Separate points can be used to reference appropriate workspace tools to accommodate driver populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5. Different procedures for locating Class A and Class B accommodation tool reference lines in vehicle space have been established based on unique packagingconsiderations of the two categories of vehicles.2.References 2.1Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1SAE P UBLICATIONS —Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J941—Motor Vehicle Driver's Eye RangeSAE J1052—Motor Vehicle Driver and Passenger Head Position SAE J1100—Motor Vehicle Dimensions SAE J1517—Driver Selected Seat PositionSAE J1521—Truck Driver Shin-Knee Position for Clutch and Accelerator SAE J1522—Truck Driver Stomach PositionN. L. Philippart, R. W. Roe, A. J. Arnold, T. J. Kuechenmeister (1984), "Driver Selected Seat PositionModel," SAE Paper No. 840508, Detroit, MI.M. S. Sanders (1983), "U.S. Truck Driver Anthropometric and Truck Workspace Study," Final ReportSubmitted to: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA.B. E. Shaw and M. S. Sanders (1984), "Female U. S. Truck Driver Anthropometric and Truck WorkspaceStudy," Final Report Submitted to: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA.容纳性工具参考点前言--这个重新确认的文档没有改变除了把它放入SAE技术委员会格式。