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越南共和国

越南共和国

越南共和国越南于公元968年成为封建国家。1884年越南沦为法国的保护国，第二次世界大战中又被日本侵 占。越南人民经过长期艰苦的斗争，于1945年8月，八月革命取得胜利。9月2日，胡志明发表《独立宣言》，宣 布越南民主共和国成立。同年9月，法国再次入侵越南，越南人民又进行了历时9年的抗法战争。1954年5月越南 取得奠边府大捷后，法国被迫在日内瓦签订了关于恢复印度支那和平的协定，南方仍由法国（后成立南越）统治。 1961年，北越在胡志明的领导下展开了攻占南越的越南战争。1973年1月，越美签订关于结束战争、恢复和平的 《巴黎协定》，同年3月美军从越南南方撤走。 1975年5月，越南南方全部被越南南方民族解放阵线和越南民主 共和国攻占，越南战争以越南南方民族解放阵线和越南民主共和国的胜利告终。1976年7月2日，越南民主共和国 和越南南方共和国统一，定国名为越南社会主义共和国 。
西贡市（越南语：Đô thành Sài Gòn，汉越词：都城西贡），今胡志明市。
政治
政府
总统
总理
内政部、财政部、国防部、外交部、国务会议部、交通运输和邮政部、经济部、社会事务部、卫生部、教育 部、司法部、劳动部、农业和渔业发展部、农村建设部、民族事务部、退伍军人事务部、信息产业部、国民议会 专责小组部
自由越南政府
自由越南政府的全称为自由越南共和国临时政府，位于美国加利福尼亚州，成立于1995年4月30日。2005年1 月2日，越南共和国前总统阮庆当选为越南共和国“临时总统”。
自由越南共和国临时政府为准军事及政治反共组织，于1995年4月30日由越南裔美国公民Nguyen Hoang Dan 创立，总部位于美国加利福尼亚州的Garden Grove，其目的是以军事或政治形式，去推翻越南社会主义共和国政 府。

英文歌曲欣赏 Heal the world

英文歌曲欣赏 Heal the world

Enjoying the Song
And the dream we were conceived in reveal a joyful face Will ________ And the world we once believed in Will shine again in grace Then why do we keep strangling life Wound this earth Crucify its soul plain Though it's _________ to see This world is heavenly be God's glow
Singing the Song
Follow your teacher and read these sentences aloud. Pay attention to the pronunciation skills such as liaison and incomplete plosion.
Enjoying the Song
Focus on comprehension
Discuss the following questions in groups. 1) What roles does an individual play in keeping peace in the world? 2) As common citizens, what can we do to make this world a better place?
Background Information Quiz
Are you a Michael Jackson fan? How much do you know about the King of Pop? When’s Michael Jackson’s birthday? A. Dec. 16. B. Aug. 29. C. Feb. 14. D. Mar. 9. When did Michael start his musical career? A. In 1961. B. In 1962. C. In 1963. D. In 1964 Which of the following is Michael’s first solo album? A. Off the wall. B. Thriller. C. Bad D. Dangerous

越战

越战

1969～1973年。尼克松政府提出 “越南化”政策，重新采用“用越南 人打越南人”的手段，同时宣布从南 越逐步撤出美国部队。美越继续会谈， 并将双方会谈扩大为包括南方民族解 放阵线及西贡阮文绍政权在内的四方 会谈。1973年1月27日，美国被迫在 结束越南战争的协定上签字。为时12 年的侵越战争到此结束。
越战期间，越南平民向美军士兵哀求。
越南战争中，美军投入大量空中力量袭击 “胡志明小道”。
越战中实施水平轰炸的美军B-52战略轰炸 机。
南越军人拿刀子威胁越共战俘。
惊 惧 中 的 越 共 战 俘 。
1961年，美国发动了越南战争，并对越作 战全面升级。
经过
开始
61年 美发动 特种战争
扩大
整个为 局部Βιβλιοθήκη 争1965～1968 年。约翰逊政府把 “特种战争”升级为“局部战争”， 扩大战争规模，开始对越南北方的 轰炸袭击。1965年，约翰逊下令 采取“雷声隆隆”行动，在南越不 再局限于使用傀儡军，美国直接派 军队参战。侵越美军迅速增加，达 到50万人


1968年初，超过8万越南南方军民发动“新春攻 势”，向西贡、顺化、舰港等64个大中城市、省 会及军事基地展开猛烈进攻。同年3月，约翰逊 政府被迫宣布部分停止对北越的轰炸。在新春攻 势，越南人民军遭受约三万余阵亡、四万负伤的 沉重打击；但到了5月，他们就恢复了进攻能力。 恐怖袭击（春节攻势）的惨烈状况在美国公众中 造成了震惊，林登· 约翰逊总统和威斯特摩兰将 军一直宣称越南民主共和国军事力量在节节削弱。 并承诺战争会在短期内结束。但新春攻势表明越 南民主共和国依然具有巨大的军事力量，越南战 争的结束依然遥遥无期。越南民主共和国军事上 的失败，却同时是精神上以及宣传上的胜利，使 新春攻势成为越南战争中的转折点。美国政府高 层内部因新春攻势而失去战意 5月越美巴黎谈判开始。11月美国宣布完全停止 对越南北方的轰炸。至此，“局部战争”失败

新编大学英语1-2册课文翻译

新编大学英语1-2册课文翻译

新编大学英语（第二版）第一册阅读文参考译文以生命相赠1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。

在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而他们却落在了一所有传教士们办的小孤儿院内。

2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，她的双腿被炸伤。

3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。

救援小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。

他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。

如果不立即采取行动，显然她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。

4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要相配血型的血。

快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适，而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有相配的血型。

5 这位医生会讲一点越南语，忽视会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。

孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。

医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。

接着问他们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。

6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们（只是）瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。

此时小病人生命垂危。

然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。

过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。

7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。

“你叫什么名字？”8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。

9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。

在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。

10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。

11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。

12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。

医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴又摇了摇头。

13 但现在，偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。

他紧紧地闭着眼睛，用拳头堵住嘴想竭力忍住哭泣。

14 现在医疗小组非常担忧，因为针不该使他们的小输血者一直感到疼痛。

第2课越南战争

第2课越南战争

解放军于1965年5月～1973年8月,先后派出防空、 工程、铁道、后勤等部队23个支队和海军扫雷 工作队(12艘扫雷艇、4艘保障艇)共32万余人， 到越南北方担负防空作战、国防工程建设和扫 雷等任务。共对空作战2153次，击落美机1707 架，击伤1608架；中国援越部队有4200余名指 战员负伤，1070余名指战员牺牲并安葬在越南 的土地上，为越南人民抗美救国战争的胜利献 出了鲜血和生命。
韩国军队：死亡4500人。 澳大利亚军队：死亡500人，2400人受伤。
泰国军队：死亡350人。
新西兰军队：死亡83人。 总计：死：1299079人。伤：1410600人。失踪： 332000
越南战争中越南人民胜利的原因
越南人民反侵略战争的正义性 越南军民采取了正确的战略战术 越南得到世界各国人民的支持和声援，得 到社会主义国家特别是中国的大力支援 美军士气低落，国内反战运动高涨，美国 政府陷入内外交困的境地
北越:110万人死亡，60万人受伤，33万人失踪。 南越：死亡13万人，受伤50万人。
战争给越南留下了一片满目苍夷的土地和88万孤儿， 100万寡妇，20万残疾人 。
美军在越南大量使用化学武器落叶 剂（橙剂）
橙色剂是一种有毒化学落叶剂，含有剧毒有机化 合物二恶英。美军越南战争期间在越南丛林喷洒橙色 剂以破坏植被，旨在摧毁越南军队地面掩护。 越南方面说，100万至400万越南人可能遭受由橙 色剂中毒引发的严重疾病。 美联社报道，美越2006年着手举行年度会议，商 讨清理受美军喷洒橙色剂污染的地区。 双方眼下主要致力于清理位于岘港的一座机场。 美军越战期间使用这座机场作为空军基地。美军曾在 这里配制橙色剂并把它们用飞机运往目标地区喷洒。 美越研究人员发现，岘港地区土壤二恶英含量高出国 际标准300倍至400倍。 越南政府估计，清理岘港和其他两个橙色剂污染 严重地区将花费5800万美元。美国现阶段仅筹集800万 美元。

The son

The son

The sonReading《The son》—高中新课标下的一个英语教学案例设计江苏省宝应县安宜高级中学英语组李玮玮Question:If you have a chance to choose one from these pictures, Which one do you prefer? Step3: Teaching Aim s1. Read the story and get the main idea of it .2. Learn how to analyze the personality of the main characters and write a story3. Learn to love all the people around us.Step4: Fast-readingTask1: Skim the story within the given time(3Question: Who are the main characters of this story?Writing strategy:a surprise ending how to write a story T he first paraThe relationshipT he following parasThe title Who was involved Where it happenedWhen it happenedWhy it happened What happened a climax(高潮)Post -reading :Write a procedure chart .The son died in the war The father was notified and grieved deeply for his son A soldier gave the portrait of the son to the fatherThe father hung the portrait over his mantle.The father died a few months later. There was to be a great auction of his paintingsThe portrait of the son was auctionedThe longtime gardener of the family bidedfor the painting and got everythingThe son一课【教学反思】成功之处：1、该课思路清晰，注重对学生情感的升华，并使之形成正确的人生观和价值观态度。

阿甘正传》第11期：阿甘在越南战争中救了很多战友

阿甘正传》第11期：阿甘在越南战争中救了很多战友阿甘正传是一部励志电影，相信很多人都有看过，关于它的一些影视口语大家知道多少呢?以下是给大家整理的影视口语精讲《阿甘正传》第11期:阿甘在越南战争中救了很多战友。

希望可以帮到大家英语台词节选：I ran and ran just like Jenny told me to.我一直跑，就象珍妮要我做的I ran so far so fast我跑得这么快这么远that pretty soon I was all by myself,很快就只剩下我一个人which was a bad thing.这下糟糕了Bubba.布巴Bubba was my best good friend.布巴是我最好的朋友I had to make sure he was O.K.我要保证他没事Where the hell are you?你在哪儿?Bubba!布巴!And on my way back to find Bubba,我回去找布巴途中well, there was this boy laying on the ground. 发现有个人躺在地上Tex.泰克斯O.K.好了I couldnt let him lay there all alone,我不能让他单独躺在那里scared the way he was,他非常害怕so I grabbed him up所以我扶起他and run him out of there.背他逃出那里Every time I went back looking for Bubba, 每次我回去找布巴somebody else was saying,总有人在喊：Help me, Forrest, help me!“救命，福雷斯，救命!”英语学习笔记精讲：1. lay:躺,放置的意思。

例如：He knocked the tiger about fiercely until it laydead. 他挥拳痛击老虎，直到把它打死在地。

介绍战斗英雄柴云振的英语作文

介绍战斗英雄柴云振的英语作文Possible English essay:Introduction to Battle Hero Chai YunzhenChai Yunzhen is a Chinese veteran who fought in the Korean War and the Vietnam War, and was awarded numerous medals for his bravery and leadership. He is known for his heroic actions in defending his comrades and his country against enemy attacks, and for his dedication to promoting peace and reconciliation between nations. In this essay, I will introduce his life story, his achievements, and his legacy.Who is Chai Yunzhen?Chai Yunzhen was born in 1931 in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, China. He joined the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in 1949, at the age of 18, and was trained as an infantry soldier. He served in the Chinese Civil War, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War, and participated in many battles against the United States and its allies.What did Chai Yunzhen do in the Korean War?Chai Yunzhen was a platoon leader in the 39th Army of the PLA during the Korean War, and fought in the front line against the US and South Korean troops. He was wounded several times, but refused to leave the battlefield and continued to inspire his comrades with his courage and skill. He led his platoon to capture a strategic hill and hold it against fierce enemy counterattacks, which earned him the title of "Hero of the People's Liberation Army". After the war, he was promoted to a company commander and a battalion commander, and received the Order of Bayi and the Order of Independence and Freedom.What did Chai Yunzhen do in the Vietnam War?Chai Yunzhen was a military adviser to the Vietnamese People's Army (VPA) during the Vietnam War, and helped them to fight against the US and South Vietnamese forces. He was respected by the Vietnamese soldiers for his knowledge, experience, and solidarity, and was nicknamed "Uncle Chai" by them. He taught them how to use Chinese weapons and tactics, how to survive in the jungle, and how to resist the psychological warfare of the enemy. He also provided medical care to the wounded and distributed food andsupplies to the local people. He stayed in Vietnam for seven years, from 1965 to 1972, and was awarded the Ho Chi Minh Medal and the Order of Victory by the Vietnamese government.What are Chai Yunzhen's other contributions?Chai Yunzhen is not only a war hero, but also a peace advocate. After he retired from the PLA in 1984, he devoted himself to promoting friendship and cooperation between China and other countries, especially the US and South Korea. He visited the US several times and met with American veterans and politicians, urging them to learn from the lessons of the Korean War and work for mutual understanding and trust. He also initiated a series of exchanges between the Chinese and South Korean veterans, aiming to heal the wounds of the past and build a brighter future for the two nations. He was honored as a "Peace Ambassador" by the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the Korean Veterans Association.What is Chai Yunzhen's legacy?Chai Yunzhen passed away on October 27, 2021, at the age of 90. His death has caused deep sorrow and respect among the Chinese and Vietnamese people, as well as the veterans and scholars who knew him. He is remembered as a symbol of courage, patriotism, and humanity, who fought for his country and his comrades with dignity and compassion. He is also remembered as a messenger of peace, who bridged the gaps between different cultures and histories with wisdom and sincerity. His legacy will inspire generations to come, to uphold the values of justice, freedom, and peace, and to cherish the memory of those who sacrificed their lives for a better world.中文翻译：介绍战斗英雄柴云振柴云振是一位中国老兵，参加过朝鲜战争和越南战争，并因其勇气和领导才能获得了众多勋章。

英文历史：历史术语的英文

英文历史：历史术语的英文导言历史是研究过去事件的学科，它包含着大量的术语和名词，并且这些术语和名词在英文历史领域中占据着重要的地位。

本文将介绍一些常用历史术语的英文表达，帮助读者更好地理解英文历史文献和讨论。

一、政治术语1. Dynasty 朝代在英文中，"朝代"可以用dynasty来表达。

例如，"The Tang Dynasty"意为"唐朝"。

2. Monarchy 君主制"君主制"在英文中常常表达为Monarchy。

例如，"The British Monarchy" 指的是"英国君主制"。

3. Republic 共和国"共和国"的英文表达为Republic。

可以举例，"The Roman Republic" 意为"罗马共和国"。

二、军事术语1. Battle 战役"战役"在英文中通常用Battle来表示。

例如，"The Battle of Waterloo" 意为"滑铁卢战役"。

2. Siege 围攻"围攻"的英文表达为Siege。

举例，"The Siege of Leningrad" 意为"列宁格勒围攻"。

3. Alliance 联盟"Alliance"表示"联盟"。

例如，"The Triple Entente" 意为"三国协约"。

三、文化术语1. Renaissance 文艺复兴"文艺复兴"的英文为Renaissance。

可以举例，"The Italian Renaissance" 意为"意大利文艺复兴"。

5.2：越南战争


越南战争与朝鲜战争的异同 1.相同： （1）背景：都以美苏冷战为背景，朝鲜和越南都形 成分裂局面； （2）根本原因和性质：都是美国为称霸世界、遏制 共产主义、干涉亚太地区热点事务所致。美国发动的 都是非正义侵略战争； （3）过程：苏联、中国都给予被侵略国家有力支援 （4）结果：都以美国失败而告终； （5）影响：都在一定程度上削弱了美国力量，影响 了冷战双方力量对比，对国际局势造成深远影响；给 被侵略国家人民带来巨大灾难。
胡志明
艾森豪威尔
第2课 越南战争
美国的B—52轰炸机
战火中的越南儿童
燃烧弹爆炸场景
反战示威
越南期间美军死亡人数 5.8万，伤30多万，耗 资4000亿
越南战争中有160 万越南人死。 国家经济陷入困 境。
美军战俘归乡
美国普通民众对越战的理解 反思组： 1、Such a beautiful country, great people too! This war was really unnecessary. No offence to any Americans, but I really think USA should leave other countries alone. 2、So many died to nothing. Have we learned nothing? We are engaged in another Vietnam war this time in two countries. We will never get out of Iraq or Afghanistan.
一、“印度支那问题”（越战爆发背景） 1.范围 中南半岛三个国家：越南、老挝、柬埔寨。
2.印支问题的产生和演变 （1）曾为法国殖民地。二战中，被日本占领。二战 后，法国发动对印度支那的侵略。经长期斗争，独立、 主权得到国际社会承认（1954《日内瓦协定》） （2）美国积极推行霸权政策，并把中国视为其亚洲 扩张的主要障碍。 （3）在两大阵营对抗的背景下，美国为“遏制共产 主义”在亚洲建立起“东南亚条约组织”和“巴格达 条约组织” ，并提出所谓“多米诺骨牌论”。 （4）50s中期《日内瓦协议》后越南分裂。美国加紧 干涉越南内政，支持南越政权。
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Development
• The large-scale involvement of the US came under the tenure of President Lyndon B. Johnson.The increasing involvement and the escalation of troop involvement meant there were more casualties and more problems at home. But Johnson, who was always concerned about his image, and as president, held the power to halt the war in Vietnam, could not face the thought of being regarded as the first president in US history to lose a war.The pressure around him grew so intense, that he was only left with one option and that was not to run for a second term. Basically, he handed the hot potato to Richard M. Nixon.
• With the cold war at its height, the US leaders were worried that an attack on North Vietnam would create tensions with the Chinese and Russians. The US was also faced with a number of cultural differences between the two countries. It was difficult for the US to portray South Vietnam as a hard working, hard fighting democracy.The Army of the Republic of Vietnam was disorganized due to the low morale of it's leaders and their singular interest in personal gain. Therefore the US had a great deal of difficulty in holding the army together in South Vietnam and saw only one solution, that was to start taking care of things for themselves. By 1950 the US began sending their first troops, firstly in an advisory role, which slowly escalated into a full blown commitment.
• Between 1955 and 1960, the North Vietnamese tried to take over the government in South Vietnam, and in Novemhrown and executed. The following year, the North Vietnamese began a massive drive to conquer the whole country aided by China and Russia.
Vietnam War
Background
• In 1860, France began its domination of the area and had, by the late 19th century, implemented its colonization in a number of regions . During WWII, the Japanese government took control of much of the area and set up a puppet regime that was eventually forced out by the Vietnamese at the end of that war in 1945.
• After WWII and until 1955, France fought hard to regain their former territories in the region, but with a poorly organized army and little determination among the troops, their efforts soon collapsed. The French were finally defeated in1954. The French troops withdrew, leaving a buffer zone separating the North and South and set up elections in order to form a government in the South. The communist regime set up its headquarters in Hanoi under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh.while in the south,Ngo Dinh Diem formed the Republic of Vietnam.
US Intervention
• Fearing a communist takeover of the entire region, the United States grew more and more wary of the progress of Ho Chi Minh . Communism had become the evil menace in the United States. the Americans were bent on stopping communism from spreading any further.