当前位置：文档之家 › Basic_English_Grammar

Basic_English_Grammar

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：45.50 KB
  • 文档页数：3

Basic English GrammarA. General terms:1. morphology 词法2. syntax 句法3. word 单词4. phrase 词组5. sentence 句子6. clause 从句7. main clause 主句8. part of speech 词性9. structure 结构B. Tenses 时态1. past future tense 过去将来时: would do2. past future continuous tense 过去将来进行时: would be doing3. past future perfect tense 过去将来完成时: would have done4. present simple tense 一般现在时: do (does)5. past simple tense 一般过去时: did6. future simple tense 一般将来时: will do7. present perfect tense 现在完成时: have done8. past perfect tense 过去完成时: had done9. future perfect tense 将来完成时: will have done10. present continuous tense 现在进行时: is (am, are) doing11. past continuous tense 过去进行时: was (were) doing12. future continuous tense 将来进行时: will be doing13. past future continuous tense 过去将来进行时: would be doing14. present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时: have been doing15. past perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时: had been doingC. Part of speech 词性1. notional word 实词(n. a. num. pro. v. ad.)2. structural word 虚词(prep. conj. art.)3. noun名词:proper noun 专有名词, common noun 普通名词, countable noun 可数名词, uncountable noun 不可数名词, abstract noun抽象名词, concrete noun 具体名词, material noun物质名词, collective noun集体名词4. verb动词:transitive verb及物动词, intransitive verb不及物动词, linking verb系动词, auxiliary verb助动词, modal verb情态动词, regular verb规则动词, irregular verb 不规则动词, phrasal verb短语动词5. preposition 介词6. conjunction连词7. adverb副词8. pronoun代词:personal pronoun人称代词, possessive pronoun物主代词, reflexive pronoun反身代词, demonstrative pronoun指示代词, interrogative pronoun疑问代词, relative pronoun关系代词, indefinite pronoun不定代词(all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no)9. article冠词:definite article定冠词, indefinite article不定冠词10. numeral数词:cardinal numeral基数词ordinal numeral序数词D. Forms形式1. singular form单数形式2. plural form复数形式3. non-finite verb forms非限定动词: infinitive不定式, participle分词(present participle, past participle), gerund 动名词E. Sentence句子1. simple sentence简单句2. compound sentence并列句3. complex sentence复合句4. declarative sentence陈述句5. interrogative sentence疑问句6.general question一般疑问句7. special question特殊疑问句8. alternative question选择疑问句9. tag question附加疑问句10. rhetorical question修辞疑问句11. existential sentence存在句12. positive sentence肯定句13. negative sentence否定句14. imperative sentence祈使句15. elliptical sentence省略句16. exclamatory sentence感叹句F. Elements of sentences句子成分1. subject主语2. predicate谓语3. object宾语4. dual object双宾语5. direct object直接宾语6. indirect object间接宾语7. complex object复合宾语8. complement补语9. subject complement主补10. object complement宾补11. predicative表语12. attribute定语13. appositive同位语14. adverbial状语G. Subordinate clause从属句1. nominal clause名词从句2. attributive clause定语从句3. object clause宾语从句 5. subject clause主语从句 6. appositive clause同位语从句adverbial clause状语从句10. adverbial clause of time时间状语从句11. adverbial clause of place地点状语从句12. adverbial clause of manner方式状语从句13. adverbial clause of concession让步状语从句14. adverbial clause of cause原因状语从句15. adverbial clause of result结果状语从句16. adverbial clause of purpose目的状语从句17. adverbial clause of condition条件状语从句18. adverbial clause of real condition真实条件状语从句19. adverbial clause of unreal condition非真实条件状语从句H. Syntactic relationship句法关系1. coordinate并列2. subordinate从属3. modification修饰4. 前置修饰pre-modification5. 后置修饰post-modification 7. 限制restriction 8. 非限制non-restrictionI. Number数1. singular form单数形式2. plural form复数形式3. regular form规则形式4. irregular form不规则形式J. Case格1. possessive case所有格2. nominative case主格3. objective case宾格K. Gender性1. masculine阳性2. feminine阴性3. neuter中性L. Person人称1. first person第一人称2. second person第二人称3. third person第三人称M. Voice语态1. active voice主动语态2. passive voice被动语态N. Mood语气1. indicative mood陈述语气2. imperative mood祈使语气3. subjunctive mood 虚拟语气O. Negation否定1. full negation全部否定2. partial negation局部否定P. Order语序1. natural order自然语序2. inversion倒装语序: full inversion全部倒装, partial inversion部分倒装Q. Speech引语1. direct speech直接引语2. indirect speech间接引语R. Agreement一致1. subject-predicate agreement主谓一致2. principle of proximity就近原则S. Emphasis强调1. repetition重复2. pronunciation语音3. tone语调4. rising tone升调5. falling tone降调6. falling-rising tone降升调T. Style文体1. formal正式文体2. informal非正式文体3. spoken/oral English口语4. British English英国英语5. American English美国英语6. usage用法U. Emotional coloring感情色彩1. commendatory褒义2. derogatory贬义3. humorous幽默4. sarcastic讽刺5. ironic挖苦。

合集下载

basic_English_Grammar

basic_English_Grammar

不定式 动名词 分词 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 状语从句
实义动词
情态动词 系动词 助动词 非限定性
普通名词
专有名词
All rights reserved Michael Shi, Tianjin University
动词类型
动词
实义动词
非限定动词
情态动词
助动词
半情态动词
系动词
及物动词
不及物动词
不定式
动名词
分词
be
其他
构成主谓宾等句式
构成主谓句式
现在分词
感觉

过去分词
表动作
表状态
All rights reserved Michael Shi, Tianjin University
�
英语基础语法
用户名: gct_english@ 密码: englishtest
All rights reserved Michael Shi, Tianjin University
语法结构图
语法 词法 时态/语态 时态
语态 被动语态
句法 位置
比较级
动词
名词
形容词副词 介词冠词 系动词非谓语动词 名词性从句形容词性从句副词性从句意疑问句倒装句 虚拟语气主谓一致 反
医学院校硕士研究生英语读与写第三版

医学院校硕士研究生英语读与写第三版

IntroductionMedical education has become increasingly globalized, with more and more students from around the world studying in medical schools. As a result, the importance of English proficiency in medical education has grown significantly. The "Medical College Graduate English Reading and Writing Third Edition" is a comprehensive guide designed to help medical students improve their English reading and writing skills.Chapter 1: Basic English GrammarThis chapter covers the basic grammar rules of English, including parts of speech, sentence structure, and verb tenses. It provides numerous examples and exercises to help students understand and practice these rules.Chapter 2: Medical TerminologyMedical terminology is a specialized language used in the healthcare industry. This chapter introduces common medical terms and their meanings, aswell as how to use them in sentences. The chapter also provides exercises to help students memorize and use medical terminology correctly.Chapter 3: Reading ComprehensionThis chapter focuses on improving reading comprehension skills. It provides strategies for reading effectively, such as skimming and scanning, and offers practice exercises with medical texts. The chapter also includes tips for understanding complex medical vocabulary and concepts.Chapter 4: Writing SkillsWriting is an essential skill for medical professionals. This chapter covers the basics of writing, including organizing ideas, writing clear and concise sentences, and using proper punctuation. It also includes exercises to help students practice writing medical reports and other types of documents.Chapter 5: Medical Research WritingMedical research is an important part ofthe healthcare industry. This chapter teaches students how to write research papers, including how to choose a research topic, conduct literature reviews, and write a research proposal. It also covers the different sections of a research paper and how to write them effectively.Chapter 6: Medical Presentation SkillsPresentations are a common way for medical professionals to share their research and findings. This chapter provides tips for creating effectivemedical presentations, including how to organize information, use visual aids, and engage the audience. It also includes practice exercises to help students develop their presentation skills.ConclusionThe "Medical College Graduate English Reading and Writing Third Edition" is an essential guide for medical students looking to improve their English proficiency. With its comprehensive coverage of grammar, medicalterminology, reading comprehension, writing skills, research writing, and presentation skills, this book provides students with the tools they need to succeed in their medical careers.。

简明英语语法典型案例材料范文

简明英语语法典型案例材料范文

简明英语语法典型案例材料范文Title: Mastering Basic English Grammar: A Practical Guide.Introduction.English grammar, often perceived as complex and daunting, is actually a set of rules that govern the structure and meaning of sentences. Mastering these rulesis crucial for effective communication, whether it's through speaking, writing, or reading. This article aims to simplify the process of understanding and applying basic English grammar, focusing on typical case studies that illustrate common pitfalls and best practices.Case Study 1: Subject-Verb Agreement.One of the most fundamental principles of grammar is subject-verb agreement. It ensures that the subject of a sentence and the verb agree in number and person. Forexample:Incorrect: The team are playing well.Correct: The team is playing well.In this case, the subject "the team" is singular, so the verb "is" should be used instead of the plural form "are". Understanding this rule helps avoid common mistakes like using the wrong verb form.Case Study 2: Prepositional Phrases.Prepositional phrases, which consist of a preposition and its object, can often trip up English learners. Their placement and use can significantly affect the meaning of a sentence. For instance:Incorrect: He lives in New York, USA.Correct: He lives in the USA, in New York.Here, the prepositional phrase "in the USA" modifies the entire sentence, while "in New York" providesadditional information about where specifically in the USA he lives. Understanding the hierarchy and purpose of prepositional phrases helps in constructing clear and precise sentences.Case Study 3: Modal Verbs.Modal verbs, such as "can," "could," "may," "might," "must," "shall," "should," "ought to," "will," "would," and "might," express possibility, obligation, necessity, or willingness. Their correct use is crucial for expressing different shades of meaning. For example:Incorrect: You must to finish your homework tonight.Correct: You must finish your homework tonight.Modal verbs do not require an infinitive ("to" + verb) after them. This rule is often overlooked, resulting in awkward and grammatically incorrect sentences.Case Study 4: Tense Consistency.Maintaining tense consistency throughout a sentence or paragraph is essential for maintaining coherence. Mixing tenses can create confusion and communicate an incorrect sense of time. For instance:Incorrect: I went to the store yesterday, and buy some groceries.Correct: I went to the store yesterday, and bought some groceries.In this case, both actions ("went" and "bought") occurred in the past, so they should both be in the past tense. Ignoring this rule can lead to awkward sentencesthat are difficult to understand.Conclusion.These case studies illustrate some of the most commongrammar mistakes made by English learners. By understanding and applying the principles behind them, anyone can improve their grammar skills and communicate more effectively. Remember, grammar is not just about rules; it's about clear, accurate, and meaningful communication. With practice and attention to detail, mastering basic English grammar becomes achievable for all.。

大学英语零基础第一册培训课件

大学英语零基础第一册培训课件

大学英语零基础第一册培 训课件
This training course provides a comprehensive introduction to English language skills, including phonetics, grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing, and more.
Master the art of writing professional emails with proper language, tone, and formatting.
Negotiation Skills
Develop negotiation skills and learn key phrases for successful business negotiations and deals.
Learn effective strategies for reading academic and professional texts and taking concise and relevant notes.
Writing Basics and Common Errors to Avoid
1 Paragraph Structure
Master the art of writing well-organized paragraphs with clear topic sentences and supporting details.
2 Common Grammar Mistakes
Identify and correct common grammar errors that often occur in written English, such as subject-verb agreement and verb tense consistency.