高考英语虚拟语气

高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。

（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。

上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。

总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。

（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。

（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。

（言外之意不是我做这个工作，用虚拟表达是我做这份工作的可能性很低）与过去事实相反：If anything had happened, he would have let us know.如果发生了什么情况，他早就通知我们了。

（所以没事发生）它们的共性都是表示与事实相反或者实现可能性不大3.特殊情况①在极少情况下，从句的谓语动词用原形，主句的谓语动词可用陈述语气（比较官方，正式，大气的说法，口语很少使用）If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.如果这是官方的看法，这是不能接受的。

②if可以省略，但是语序要改为倒装Were I Tom I would refuse.如果我是汤姆我会拒绝。

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。

高考考查虚拟语气主要和情态动词相结合。

1（1be动词的过去式用were”。

如：►. If I were a boy, I would join the army.►（2则用过去分词”►（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。

如：►. If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)►. Were I a boy, I would join the army.►. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.►. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（①。

表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。

表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。

如：►. I wish it were spring all the year round.►. I wish I had known the answer.►suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist, request,should + 动词原形或是动词原形。

如：►. She suggested we (should) leave here at once.►（2作表示建议、等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+ 动词原形”。

如：►. His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.►（3“should + 动词原形”►. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.►. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.►. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。

高考英语虚拟语气在英语中，虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、想象、期望或建议的语言形式。

虚拟语气可以用来表达我们对于某些事情的看法或观点，而这些事情可能并不是真实的。

在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，需要考生们熟练掌握并运用。

一、虚拟语气的分类虚拟语气可以分为两类：现在虚拟语气和过去虚拟语气。

现在虚拟语气用于表达对于现在或未来的假设，而过去虚拟语气则用于表达对于过去的假设。

二、虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气的构成主要是通过谓语动词的变化来实现的。

在现在虚拟语气中，常用的谓语动词包括“would”、“could”、“should”、“might”等；在过去虚拟语气中，常用的谓语动词包括“would have done”、“could have done”、“should have done”、“might have done”等。

三、虚拟语气的使用场合虚拟语气通常用于表达主观的看法或建议，如表达对某件事情的遗憾、不满或期望。

在高考英语中，虚拟语气常常出现在完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空和写作等题型中。

四、虚拟语气的解题技巧1、理解语境：在理解题目语境的基础上，判断应该使用现在虚拟语气还是过去虚拟语气。

2、分析谓语动词：根据谓语动词的变化形式，判断应该使用哪个虚拟语气的形式。

3、关键词：在题目中寻找相关的关键词，如“如果”、“要是我”、“要是能”等，这些关键词通常会提示考生需要使用虚拟语气。

4、排除干扰项：在解题时，要排除那些与虚拟语气无关的选项，以免被干扰。

虚拟语气是高考英语中的一个重要考点，考生们需要熟练掌握其构成和用法。

只有在实际运用中多加练习，才能更好地理解和掌握这一语法点。

高考英语虚拟语气在英语中，虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、想象、期望或建议的语言形式。

虚拟语气可以用来表达我们对于某些事情的看法或观点，而这些事情可能并不是真实的。

在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，需要考生们熟练掌握并运用。

高考英语虚拟语气阅读理解30题1<背景文章>If I had known then what I know now, my life might have taken a very different path. Looking back, there are so many decisions I wish I could change.I often think about that one fateful day when I decided to take the job offer that seemed so promising at the time. If I ___1___ more carefully about the long-term consequences, I might have chosen differently. The work hours were extremely long, and the stress was overwhelming. If only I had realized how much it would affect my personal life.I also regret not taking that trip when I had the chance. If I had gone, I would have experienced different cultures and met amazing people. It would have broadened my horizons and given me memories to last a lifetime.Another missed opportunity was not learning a foreign language when I was younger. If I ___2___ started earlier, I would be fluent by now. It could have opened so many doors for me professionally and personally.In life, we often make decisions without fully considering the implications. We act on impulse or follow the crowd instead of listening to our hearts. If we could turn back time and do things differently, who knowswhat kind of lives we would lead.But alas, we can't change the past. All we can do is learn from our mistakes and make better decisions in the future.1. If I ___1___ more carefully about the long-term consequences, I might have chosen differently.A. had thoughtB. thoughtC. thinkD. have thought2. If I ___2___ started earlier, I would be fluent by now.A. haveB. hadC. would haveD. should have答案：1. A；2. B。

高考英语虚拟语气单选题30题1.If I had enough time, I ______ read more books.A.wouldB.willC.shallD.can答案：A。

本题考查if 引导的虚拟语气中对现在情况的虚拟。

从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。

B、C、D 选项均不是虚拟语气在这种情况下的正确用法。

2.If it ______ rain tomorrow, we would go on a picnic.A.wouldn'tB.didn'tC.doesn'tD.won't答案：B。

本题考查if 引导的虚拟语气中对将来情况的虚拟。

表示与将来事实可能相反时，从句可用“should+动词原形”“were to+动词原形”或一般过去时。

A、C、D 选项不符合虚拟语气的用法。

3.If I were you, I ______ accept his invitation.A.willB.wouldC.shallD.can答案：B。

本题考查if 引导的虚拟语气中对现在情况的虚拟。

从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。

A、C、D 选项均不是虚拟语气在这种情况下的正确用法。

4.If he ______ harder, he would pass the exam.A.studiedB.studyC.studiesD.will study答案：A。

本题考查if 引导的虚拟语气中对现在情况的虚拟。

从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。

B、C、D 选项均不是虚拟语气在这种情况下的正确用法。

5.If she ______ more confident, she would perform better in the speech contest.A.wereB.isC.wasD.be答案：A。

高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，也是让许多同学感到头疼的部分。

虚拟语气用于表达与事实相反、假设、愿望、建议等情况，它的用法多样，且有不少需要注意的地方。

接下来，咱们就详细地探讨一下高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点。

一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法1、与现在事实相反条件从句用一般过去时（be 动词用 were），主句用“would ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋动词原形”。

例如：If I were you, I would take the job （如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。

）2、与过去事实相反条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋ have ＋过去分词”。

比如：If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam （如果你学习更努力些，你就会通过考试了。

）3、与将来事实相反条件从句有三种形式：① should ＋动词原形；② were to ＋动词原形；③一般过去时。

主句用“wou ld ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋动词原形”。

举个例子：If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home （要是明天下雨，我们就待在家里。

）二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1、 wish 后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反，用“would ／ could ＋动词原形”。

例如：I wish I were as tall as you （我希望我和你一样高。

）2、表示“建议、要求、命令”等动词后的宾语从句这类动词有suggest（建议）、advise（建议）、insist（坚持要求）、order（命令）、demand（要求）等，从句谓语用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。

高考英语虚拟语气完形填空题30题(带答案)1If I were a bird, I ___ fly freely in the sky. But I'm not, so I can only dream about it. When I was a child, I always wished that I ___ have wings like a bird. Now I know that it's just a fantasy.1. A. could B. should C. would D. might答案：C。

if 引导的虚拟条件句，对现在的虚拟用“would/could/might/should + 动词原形”，这里表示“如果我是一只鸟，我会在天空中自由飞翔”，所以用would。

A 项could 表示“能够”；B 项should 表示“应该”；D 项might 表示“可能”，都不符合语境。

I wish I ___ back in time and change some of my decisions. But it's impossible. We all have to live with the consequences of our choices.2. A. can go B. could go C. will go D. would go答案：B。

wish 后面接宾语从句，对现在的虚拟用一般过去时，对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，对将来的虚拟用“would/could/might + 动词原形”。

这里是对现在的虚拟，所以用could go。

A 项can go 是一般现在时；C 项will go 是一般将来时；D 项would go 通常用于对将来的虚拟，都不符合语境。

If it ___ rain tomorrow, we would go on a picnic. But the weather forecast says it's likely to rain.3. A. didn't B. doesn't C. won't D. wouldn't答案：B。

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。

一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中从句主句与现实事实相反一般过去式（be--were）Should/would/could/might + V原与过去事实相反Had + done Should/would/could/might +have done与将来事实相反过去式；should+V 原；were to + V原Should/would/could/might + V原1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。

If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。

If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。

If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.例句：If there were no subjunctive mood, English ( ) much easier to learn. （B）A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。

高考英语虚拟语气练习题30题1.If I were you, I ______ study harder.A.willB.wouldC.canD.must答案：B。

本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（be 动词用were），主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。

A 选项will 用于一般将来时，不符合虚拟语气用法；C 选项can 表示能力，不符合虚拟语气用法；D 选项must 表示必须，也不符合虚拟语气用法。

2.If he ______ more time, he could finish the project.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.would have答案：B。

对现在情况虚拟，if 条件句用一般过去时，have 的过去式是had。

A 选项has 用于一般现在时；C 选项have 用于一般现在时复数主语；D 选项would have 用于对过去情况的虚拟条件句的主句。

3.She would be happy if she ______ a better job.A.findsB.foundC.will findD.would find答案：B。

对现在情况虚拟，if 条件句用一般过去时，find 的过去式是found。

A 选项finds 用于一般现在时；C 选项will find 用于一般将来时；D 选项would find 用于对过去情况的虚拟条件句的主句。

4.If they ______ enough money, they could buy a new car.A.haveB.hadC.will haveD.would have答案：B。

对现在情况虚拟，if 条件句用一般过去时，have 的过去式是had。

A 选项have 用于一般现在时；C 选项will have 用于一般将来时；D 选项would have 用于对过去情况的虚拟条件句的主句。

虚拟语气一、虚拟语气概述1、语气的定义：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类：(1)陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句中。

(2)祈使语气:表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。

(3)虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

二、虚拟语气考点纵览知识点考点考点对应典型例题剖析考点一：if条件虚拟语气考点1：与现在事实相反。

从句主句动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形典型例题 1Mary is ill today. If she _____ , she ____ absent from school.A. were not ill; wouldn’t beB. had been ill; wouldn’t have beenC. had been ill; should have beenD. hadn’t been ill; could be答案：A典型例题 2If you had enough money, what ________ ?A. will you buyB. would you buyC. would you have boughtD. will you have bought答案：B典型题 3If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.A. may getB. should have calledC. might getD. maybe get答案：C考点2：与过去事实相反。

从句主句had + 过去分词would/ should/ could/ might + have +过去分词典型例题 1---If he_____ , he ______ that food.---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken答案：B典型例题 2I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _________, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come答案：D典型例题 3If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you all about it.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told 答案：D考点3：与将来事实相反。

虚拟语气情况从句的动词主句的动词例句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be动词一律用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形If I had time，I would attendyour party.如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了。

If I saw him now，I would bevery happy.如果我现在见到他，我会很高兴的。

与过去事实相反had＋过去分词would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词You didn’t let me drive.If we haddriven in turn，you wouldn’thave got so tired.你当时不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开，你就不会觉得那么累了。

与将来事实相反动词的过去式；should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形would/could/might/should＋动词原形If it snowed/were to snow/shouldsnow tomorrow，we would takephotos.如果明天下雪，我们就照相。

注意：(1)若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if 省略，而把were，had，should 放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。

Had you taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。

(2)有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。

If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now.如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。

(从句指过去，主句指现在)(3)有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。

虚拟语气一、定义：虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。

1．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1）表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）Eg. If he had time, he would (could, might) go with youEg.If I were you, I would work hard.2）表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生Eg.If I had time last night, I should have come to see you.Eg.If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮)3）表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生Eg.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Eg.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.4）※注意：虚拟语气的倒装语序：如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.If I had time, I would have done that yesterday.=Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.Eg.If I were you, I would go to the party.=Were I you, I would go to the party.Eg.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home=Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。

高考英语虚拟语气单选题30题1.If I were you, I ______ study harder.A.willB.wouldC.canD.must答案：B。

本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。

if 引导的虚拟条件句，对现在情况进行虚拟时，从句用一般过去时，be 动词用were，主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。

选项A“will”用于一般将来时；选项C“can”表示能力；选项D“must”表示必须，都不符合虚拟语气的用法。

2.In the school play, if he ______ more confident, he would get the leading role.A.isB.wasC.wereD.be答案：C。

对现在情况虚拟，从句中be 动词一律用were。

选项A“is”用于一般现在时；选项B“was”用于一般过去时，但虚拟语气中要用were；选项D“be”单独不能用在这里。

3.If my sister ______ good at English, she could help me with my homework.A.isB.wasC.wereD.be答案：C。

同样是对现在情况的虚拟，be 动词用were。

选项A“is”不符合虚拟语气；选项B“was”错误；选项D“be”单独不能用。

4.If there ______ no exams, students would be much happier.A.isB.wasC.wereD.be答案：C。

对现在情况虚拟，if 从句中be 动词用were。

选项A“is”用于一般现在时；选项B“was”错误；选项D“be”单独不能用。

5.If I ______ a millionaire, I would travel around the world.A.amB.wasC.wereD.be答案：C。