2013英语
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2013高考全国统一考试(精校版)全国一卷第一节单项填空 (共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、c、D四个选项中.选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1.-- My name is Jonathan. Shall I spell it for you?--_____________.A.No problem.B. Of course, you should.C. If you don’t mindD. That’s all right.2. Wouldn’t it be ______ wonderful world if all nations lived in ______ peace with one another?A. a, /B. the, /C. a, theD. the, the3. The English ______ in England between AD450 and 1150 was very different from the English we_______ at present.A. speaking; spokenB. spoken; speakC. spoken; speakingD. speaking; are speaking4. We're excited to learn the news ________ China sent three astronauts into space between June and Augustthis year.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. as5. I _________glasses since I was in primary school and I hate them. They make me look like a bookworm.A. have wornB. have been wearingC. have been wornD. was wearing6. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to get them ________ in his lectures.A. interestingB. interestedC. being interestedD. to interest7. Susan was expecting her favourite singers, but to her disappointment, ______ appeared.A. someB. noneC. everyoneD. no one8. Although Rio knew little about marketing, he succeeded ______ other more well-informed managersfailed.A. asB. unlessC. whatD. where9. Clean water and fresh air are essential for our daily life, _______ we can’t liv e.A. by whichB. without whichC. thatD. on which10. —Can I borrow your car, Mum?—If you________.A. must B.can C.will D.may11.Only with the greatest of luck _______ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage12. It was not until she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A. whoB. thatC. whereD. before13. -- Have you ever been to the city of Beijing, our capital?-- Yes, only once. I ______ there only for two days.A. had stayedB. were stayingC. have stayedD. stayed14. Why this excellent newspaper allows such an article to be printed is _______ me.A. aboveB. outsideC. besideD. beyond15.----I’m sorry. I shouldn’t been so angry with you that day.----______. I was a bit out of control myself.A. That’s rightB. All rightC. Forget itD. Got it第二节完形填空(共20小.:每小1.5分.满分30分)阅读下面短文.从短文后各题所给的四个选项《A、B. C和D》中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项小涂黑。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)第I卷(共105分)第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)21. I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like ____ of them very much.A. eitherB. anyC. eachD. another22. It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.A. 不填;aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填23. — How far can you run without stopping?— ________. I’ve never tried.A. Don’t mention itB. That’s all rightC. I have no ideaD. Go ahead24. I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it _____ pretty good.A. has beenB. wasC. had beenD. would be25. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.A. standingB. to standC. standsD. stood26. Mark needs to learn Chinese _______ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.A. unlessB. untilC. althoughD. since27. — Oh no! We’re too late. The train _______.— That’s Ok. We’ll catch the next train to London.A. was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. has been leaving28. _________I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhoeverD. However29. I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired.A. takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken30. It’s good to know _____ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that31. There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A. asB. thatC. whenD. where32. — This is a really lively party. There’s a great atmosphere, isn’t there?— ________ The hosts know how to host a party.A. Don't worryB. Yes, indeedC. No, there’s isn’tD. It all depends33. ________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.A. Having eatenB. To eatC. EatD. Eating34. The Smiths are praised _______ the way they bring up their children.A. fromB. byC. atD. for35. Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whom第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
2013年⾼考英语试题及答案(全国卷)★启⽤前2013年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试(新课标Ⅱ卷) 英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(⾮选择题)两部分。
考试结束,将试题卷和答题卡⼀并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项: 1.答第Ⅰ卷时,考⽣务必将⾃⼰的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每⼩题答案后,⽤2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题⽬的答案标号涂⿊,如需改动,⽤橡⽪擦⼲净后,再选涂其他答案标号框。
不能答在试卷上,否则⽆效。
第⼀部分英语知识运⽤(共两节,满分45分)单项填空(共15⼩题:每⼩题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填⼊空⽩处的选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂⿊。
例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。
1.--I'm sorry I made a mistake!-- Nobody is perfect.A. Take your timeB. You're rightC.Whatever you sayD. Take it easy2. Would you like to with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through3. I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn't want to spend all day with her. A. butB. andC.soD.or4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which5.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA.caughlB. to have caughtC. to catchD. having caught6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need7. We very early so we packed the night before.A. leaveB. had leftC. were leavingD.have left8. The watch was very good, and he 20 percent down for it.A. a good oneB. a better oneC. the best oneD. a best one10. It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. AwhenB. thatC. whichD. what11 A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics.A. againstB. beforeC. beyondD. without12. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital. A. can be the patientsB. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treatedD.treated can be the patients13.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.A.a;aB. the; theC.不填;theD.a;不填14. It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do . A.others B. eitherC.anotherD. both 15. -Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us? - ,if you insist A. Not at all B. It depends C. All right then D.I don't care 第⼆节完形填空(共20⼩题;每⼩题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下⾯短⽂,从短⽂后⾯各题锁哥的四个选项(A、 B、C 和 D)中选出可以填⼊空⽩处的选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。
2013普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国新课标卷1)英语答案解析第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力第一节1.【答案】A【解析】原文:Text 1Man: I’ve got my camera with me. Am I allowed to take photos for you?Woman: I think so. It doesn’t say you can’t.2.【答案】C【解析】原文:Text 2A: I really like living here in this flat, because it’s so near to central town.B: That’s true. But it gets really noisy at night.3.【答案】A【解析】原文:Text 3A: Hi, Maggie. I’m coming, but it’s snowing and the traffic is moving slowly.B: Ok, David. Take your time. We’ll wait for you, so we can have dinner together.4.【答案】C【解析】原文:Text 4A: Celia, you see those girls over there? They need another player for a basketball game. Would you like to join them? B: Seems like it’s a game for fun. Sure, I’ll be there in minute.5.【答案】B【解析】原文:Text 5A: I won’t have anything to wear to work on Monday unless I pick up my clothes at dry cleaner s’.B: Then you’d better hurry. It closes at noon on Sundays. A: Oh! I should have gone there on Saturday.第二节6.【答案】B7.【答案】B【解析】原文:Text 6A: Alright, Sara, we know that you are planning something big for John’s birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind?B: I want to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And I’ll send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday.A: Boy! What an excellent plan! That’s something special. I can’t guess some secret plans and we are waiting for the right time to tell him.B: Well, I didn’t want to s ay anything until I was sure she could come.8.【答案】A9.【答案】B【解析】原文:Text 7A: Hey, Peter, I’m sorry!B: Hi, Diana, what’s wrong?A: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend, but I’m afraid I can’t go.B: How come?A: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it.B: We can go next week instead.A: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend, because I can’t afford to fail the test.B: Ok, then I’ll go with them. But it’s a pity you can’t come.10.【答案】A11.【答案】B12.【答案】A【解析】原文:Text 8A: Hello, this is Andrea.B: Hello, Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very big news for you. Miranda was very satisfied with you and said she was very much looking forward to working with you. Isn’t that wonderful? Congratulations dear! How does it feel to be Miranda’s new assistant? How I imagine that you’ll just be delighted with this news. So let’s see, you can start on Monday, right?A: Umm, well, I don’t think I can start on Monday. I am visiting my father in Baltimore. And because I don’t live in New York, I’ll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture and move my things from Avon.B: Oh, well then, in that case I suppose Wednesday will be good. Ok, see you then!13.【答案】C14.【答案】A15.【答案】A16.【答案】B【解析】原文:' ’Text 9Woman: Hello, Mr. Jan Erick Freedman. You’re a frequent traveler. And we also know that you eat out twice a day. How can you get so far and eating out.Man: When I my first job back in 1982 and started travelling. I had no other choice but eat out I found that I felt different due to what I was eating, so I tried to find places that served food that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the food was prepared. I made an effort to find out good restaurants as well as nice dishes.Woman: How did you manage to make a list of 218 favorite restaurants?Man: I’ve lived in cities and when I moved back to Sweden from the United States, people asked me where to go and eat and went to the cities I know. I got a lot of ideas. Then I wrote about restaurants for a Swedish club magazine and some suggested I gather information about restaurants together since I had all the facts about the restaurants I`ve been to. I started to do that.Woman: How do you find restaurants?Man: The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to the people at the street market or take a walk and look for place for myself. I never asked hotel clerks or taxi drivers. I don’t go eithe r restaurants or places with menus too difficult to understand.17.【答案】C18.【答案】B19.【答案】C20.【答案】C【解析】原文:Text 10Man: At the beginning of the tour, we all started the most important place at my town which is the Plaza Leon. The Plaza Leon is more than 100 years old. It’s a gathering place for young people on Friday and Saturday nights, and for parents and children on Sunday afternoon. Four streets lead to the Plaza which have white sidewalks and tree lined. Hemandes Street which was named after writers born in the city contains all of the food stalls fish markets and vegetable stands. Femando Street which was named after a famous educator is where all of the government offices, shops and houses. Via del Mar Street which is the only street which has old stone surfaces. Finally we came to the Hewish’s Street on which there are two universities, one of which is the most famous university in my country. That’s why it’s my favorite street of all.第二部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空21.【答案】A【解析】这只是普通的蔬菜汤!确实如此,女士,这就是我们今天的汤。
2013年考研英语真题完整版:英语一Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that __1__ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by __2___ factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big __3___ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samles of information they were working with. __4___ , he theorised that a judge __5___ of apperaring too soft __6__ crime might be more likely to send someone to prison __7___ he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To __8__ this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the __9___ of an applicant should not depend on the few others __10___ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsoho suspected the truth was __11___ .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews __12___by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had__13___applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale __14___ numerous factors into consideration. The scores were __15___ used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Granduate Managent Adimssion Test, or GMA T, a standardized exam which is__16___ out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr. Simonsoho found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one __17___that, then the score for the next applicant would __18___by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to __19___ the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMA T points than would otherwise have been __20___.1. [A] grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers2. [A] minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external3. [A] issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all5. [A] fond [B] fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless6. [A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C] share [D]success9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,”Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year –about 64 items per person –and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes –and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; he r example can’t be knockedoff.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment –including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. V anity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment”(Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] V anity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.T ext 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, compa nies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sentbehavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking w ith Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural”ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] provide better online services27. “The industry”(Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D] internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismT ext 3Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to pandemic flu to climate change. Y ou might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years (see "100,000 AD: Living in the deep future"). Look up Homo sapiens in the IUCN's "Red List" of threatened species, and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation, based in San Francisco, has created a forum where thinkers and scientists are invit ed to project the implications of their ideas over very long timescales. Its flagship project is a mechanical clock, buried deep inside a mountain in Texas, that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Then there are scientists who are giving serious consideration to the idea that we should recognise a new geological era: the Anthropocene. They, too, are pulling the camera right back and asking what humanity's impact will be on the planet - in the context of stratigraphic time.Perhaps perversely, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science-fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy: while our species may flourish, a great many individuals may not. But we are now knowledgeable enough to mitigate many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. Thinking about our place in deep time is a good way to focus on the challenges that confront us today, andto make a future worth living in.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for ares of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and teched[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our bdief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN“Rod List”suggest that human beings on[A] a sustained species[B] the word’s deminant power[C] a threat to the environment[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources.[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world.[C] draw on our experience from the past.[D] curb our ambition to reshape history.35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind.[D] Science, Technology and Humanity.T ext 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administrati on’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majorityheld the congress had deliberately “occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explic itly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no s tate should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Y et this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed”or “climate change”have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed thatsystem be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of socialscientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highlyspecialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishingelsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Y our translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Y our translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Y et when onelooks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,”to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New Y ork City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college , inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest. Y ou should include the details you think necessary. Y ou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail , Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsY ou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)11。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语分)听力(每题1.5分,满分30分)第一节第一节1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 2. What are the speakers talking about? B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. C. A place of living. A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. 3. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home 4. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday. 第二节第二节题。
听第6段材料,回答6、7题。
6. What is Sara going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. ’s plan? 7. What does the man think of SaraA. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 题。
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. Why does Diana say sorry to peter? A. She has to give up her travel pan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C.T eacha geography lesson. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语答案解析第I卷第一部分听力第一节1.【答案】A【解析】细节题,根据“Single please.”可知,“单人间”正确。
故正确答案为A。
2.【答案】C【解析】细节题,根据“but we need some bread”和“I’ll go and get it”可知,那个男人去买面包了。
故正确答案为C。
3.【答案】A【解析】细节题,根据“I'm thinking of going fishing in the river nearby.”可知,那个男人计划去钓鱼。
故正确答案为A。
4.【答案】B【解析】细节题,根据“Here is your change,42dollars”可知,找回了42美元。
故正确答案为B。
5.【答案】B【解析】细节题,根据“see the sun again”“But it’s supposed to be cloudy this afternoon”可知天气为多云。
故正确答案为B。
第二节6.【答案】B【解析】细节题,根据“Are there any seats left in the middle row for Saturday?”和“OK, I'll take them.”可知,女士选择了周六的电影票。
故正确答案为B。
7.【答案】A【解析】细节题,根据“The front row sounds good.”和“OK, I'll take them.”可知,女士最终选择了前排。
故正确答案为A。
8.【答案】C【解析】细节题,根据“You mean the 15th? Let me see. Yes, I think I am. Shall we meet for lunch at the Mash Restaurant?”以及“Good idea.”可知,二者会在15号见面。
故正确答案为C。
9.【答案】C【解析】细节题,根据“Are you free on the 13th? I was wondering if we could have lunch together.”可知,这位男人在约这位女士吃午饭。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英语第一节第一节 完型填空完型填空Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 2 , Experiments show that many animas are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a n has has four four eggs eggs and and and you you you remove remove remove one, one, one, the the the bird bird bird will will will not not 3 . However, if if you you you remove remove remove two, two, two, the the the bird bird 4 leaves. leaves. This This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three. Another interesting experiment showed a bird ’s 6 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦) that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. The man had an 8 . He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they not 9 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 . It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow. How good is a human ’s number sense? It ’s not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled. It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crow ’s. 1. A. rise B. pattern C. change D. trend 2. A. Importantly B. Surprisingly C. Disappointedly D. Fortunately 3. A. survive B. care C. hatch D. notice 4. A. generally B. sincerely C. casually D. deliberately 5. A. distance B. range C. difference D. interval 6. A. amazing B. annoying C. satisfying D. disturbing 7. A. relax B. recover C. react D. return 8. A. appointment B. excuse C. idea D. explanation 9. A. fool B. hurt C. catch D. kill 10. A. reported B. repeated C. designed D. approved 11. A. confused B. gone C. tired D. drunk 12. A. gradually B. luckily C. strangely D. finally 13. A. single B. small C. local D. new 14. A. seldom B. temporarily C. merely D. often 15. A. sight B. nature C. ability D. belief 第三节第三节 阅读理解阅读理解 A .Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. F Epstein, in his book I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination. Tom loved to pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes. Dr. Epstein explained that it was actually a brilli way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led. The The day day day before before before his his his third third third trip trip trip to to to the the the operating operating operating room, room, room, Tom Tom Tom was was was terribly terribly terribly afraid. afraid. afraid. ““ Maybe Maybe I I I could could could go go go as as as Superman,Superman,Superman,”” he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for while. She has avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装), but finally she agreed. The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his ha to the people greeting him along the way. And Tom, with the strength of his fantasy, successfully made it through the operatiThe power of imagination need not be reserved for children only. We all have the power to use our fantasies to atte things we never thought possible, to go through those things that seem impossible, and to achieve what we never believed could. Just as Dr. Epstein puts it, “If you can dream it, you can do it.”It doesn’t mean that y ou should dress as a superhero for your next job interview. But, next time you are tested in a w that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over challenge and do it in your mind first. So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. 26. What do we know about Tom? A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient. 27. What can be inferred about Tom ’s mother? A. She was a rich lady. B. She refused Tom ’s request. C. She wanted Tom to be a superhero. D. She wanted to get Tom through the pain. 28. When Tom went for the third operation, he_________. A. pretended to be painful B. acted like a superhero C. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother 29. In the last paragraph, you are advised________. A. to go through some difficult tests B. to wake up from your wild dreams C. to become a powerful person in your mind D. to wear expensive clothes for job interviews 30. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell us an interesting story. B. To help us make right decisions. C. To advise us to care about children. D. To encourage us to use our imagination. B. Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others be that success mostly comes down to luck. I’I’m not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don m not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don’t come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that ’s just the reality of how life is. However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become gre certain things, it ’ll require even more time, time that most people won ’t put in. This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don ’t enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it. When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a h part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It ’s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent but thinking that way does you no good, and there ’s a huge chance that you ’re wrong anyway. Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of add and over a long period of time. If you ’re not willing to put in the time and work, don ’t expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work won ’t guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become rally goo whatever it is you put all that work into. 31. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about__________. A. the reasons for success B. the meaning of success C. the standards of success D. the importance of success 32. Paragraph 2, the underlined word that refers to__________. A. being good at something B. setting a practical goal C. putting in more time D. succeeding in life 33. Successful people suggest doing what one loves because_____________. A. work makes one feel pain B. one tends to enjoy his work C. one gives up his work easily D. it takes a lot of time to succeed 34. What can be infer from Paragraph 4? A. Successful people like to show their great skills. B. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent. C. People need to achieve success at the cost of life. D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success. 35. What is the main theme of the passage? A. Having a goal is vital to success. B. Being good is different from being great. C. One cannot succeed without time and practice. D. Luck, talent and family help to achieve success. C. One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David kept waling up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family ,”,” he wrote. he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’I’m very worried m very worried about him. Can I help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn ’t have the answer to, and which no wards can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically. The first two times we met, David didn ’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children ’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wedn afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It ’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up befo even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me? “Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. “It It’’s your turn,” he said. After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life. Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one---without any words---can reach out to another person. Al takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens. 36. When he first met the author, David_________. A. felt a little excited B. walked energetically C. looked a little nervous D. showed up with his teacher 37. As a psychologist, the author __________. A. was ready to listen to David B. was skeptical about psychology C. was able to describe David ’s problem D. was sure of handling David’s problem 38. David enjoyed being with the author because he____________. A. wanted to ask the author for advice B. needed to share sorrow with the author C. liked the children ’s drawing in the office D. beat the author many times in the chess game 39. What can be inferred about David? A. He recovered after months of treatment. B. He liked biking before he lost his family. C. He went into university soon after starting to talk. D. He got friends in school before he met the author. 40. What made David change? A. His teacher ’s help. B. The author ’s friendship. C. His exchange of letters with the author. D. The author’s silent communication with him. D. While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor(监控器) a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer ’s Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet ac was locked---remotely---to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said was; Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down? In In the the the battle battle battle against against against cheating, cheating, cheating, this this this is is is the the the cutting edge cutting edge and and a a a key key key to to to encourage encourage encourage honestly honestly honestly in in in the the the booming booming booming field field field of of of on on on line line education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with s measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid---that studen haven haven’’t searched the Internet to get the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating become sharper in the last y with with the the the growth growth growth of of of ““open online courses.courses.”” Private colleges, colleges, public public public universities universities universities and corporations and corporations are are jumping jumping jumping into into into the the the online online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them a programs that check student ’s identities using personas information, such as the telephone numbers they once used. Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters analyzing analyzing whether whether whether difficult difficult difficult test test test questions questions questions are are are answered at answered at he same same speed speed speed as as easy easy ones. ones. ones. As As As in in in many many many university university university classes, classes, classes, term term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating. 41. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam? A. To correct her typing mistakes. B. To find her secrets in the room C. To prevent her from slowing down. D. To keep her from dishonest behaviors 42. The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______. A. advanced technique B. sharpening tool C. effective rule D. dividing line 43. For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if__________. A. they can attract potential students B. they can defeat academic cheating C. they offer students online help D. they offer many online courses 44. Some programs can find out possible cheaters by_________. A. checking the question answering speed B. producing a large number of questions C. scanning the Internet test questions D. giving difficult test questions 45. Which of the following is the best title of this passage? A. The Advantages of Online Exams B. The High-tech Methods in Online Courses C. The Fight against Cheating in Online Education D. The War against the Booming of Online Education 第四节第四节 信息匹配信息匹配A. FREE HEALTH BOOKS Visit www. Health Book now for instant access to easy-to-read summaries of the top books on healt food and fitness emailed to you automatically, for FREE. Call Now 1-866-720-3880 B. Ready to use straight from the pack; Low self discharge for long storage period. Super Durable Battery; Wide application range From digital cameras to clocks. C. 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Since I need to travel a lot, I do care about durability choosing power supply for my products to me? Your timely reply will be highly appreciated. 47. 47. My My My family family family is is is new new new in in in the the the town. town. town. After After After settling settling settling down, down, down, we we we started started started looking looking looking for for for a a a family family family car. car. car. Y our Y our new new new model model model Beetle Beetle Convertible looks so cool. I think your detailed information booklet us know more about this model. Please kindly send it to email address: ********************. Many thanks for your help. 48. 48. My My My Beetle Beetle Beetle Convertible Convertible Convertible is is is insured insured insured with with with INC INC INC insurance insurance insurance company. company. company. The The The insurance insurance insurance will will will expire expire expire next next next month. month. month. The The The offer offer introduced in your advertisement attractive to me. I want to know more about your service. Please kindly email me a rele information booklet. Your timely reply will be highly appreciated. 49. 49. I I I don don don’’t enjoy enjoy my my my new new new job job as as a a a department department department manager manager manager since since since I I I find find find hard hard hard to to to communicate communicate communicate with with with and and and motivate motivate motivate my my my team team members. members. Hopefully, Hopefully, Hopefully, your your your diploma diploma diploma course course course can can can provide provide provide me me me with with with professional professional professional training training training on on on administrative administrative administrative and and and communicative communicative skills. I look forward to receiving your information booklet and application forms as soon as possible. Please send them to at *********************. 50. My family is new in the town. Worrying about community safety, I prefer to secure my house with new technolo our Y our product product product sounds sounds sounds like like like the the the right right right choice choice choice for for for me. me. me. Could Could Could you you you kindly kindly kindly send send send your your your information information information booklet booklet booklet to to to my my my email email email address: address: ***************? Your timely reply will be highly appreciated. 参考答案:(答案仅供参考)(答案仅供参考)第一节:C B D A C A DCAB BDBDC 第二节:语法填空第二节:语法填空16. found 17. nor 18. why 19.reasonable 20. who 21. at 22. to 23. possibly 24. a 25. thinking 第三部分:第三部分:2626——30 A D B C D 3131——35 A D C B C 36---40 CABAD 4141——45 D A BAC 4646——50 BECFD I 语言知识及应用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从115各题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
可编辑修改精选全文完整版2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(精校版)全国一卷英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the couple do soon probably?A.Go to change some clothes.B.Write an essay together.C.Eat out together.2.Whe re are the two speakers probably now?A. In a restaurant.B.At a garage.C. In a hospital.3.Why didn’t the woman drive her car?A. Her car broken down.B. The gas ran out.C. Her car was lent,4.What’s the probabl e relationship between the speakers?A.Colleagues.B.Good friends.C.Boyfriend and girlfriend5.What’s the man’s decision?A. Repairing the typewriter.B. Buying a typewriter.C. Thinking about repairing.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(xx卷)英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷1页至8页,第Ⅱ卷9至10页。
考生作答时,须将答案答在答题卡上,在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)注意事项:1.必须使用2B铅笔在答题卡将所选答案对应的标号xx。
2.第Ⅰ卷共两部分,共计100分。
第一部分英语知识运用(共两节,共40分)第一节单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项xx。
1.---I feel so nervous about the National English SpeechCompetition tomorrow.---.A. I really envy youB. Glad to hear thatC. Sounds greatD. Take it easy2. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal thanon the small ones.A. oneB. thisC. thatD. it3. Hurry up, kids! The school busfor us!A. waitsB. was waitingC. waitedD. is waiting4. Read this story,you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.A. orB. andC. butD. so5. ---Why are your eyes so red? Youhave slept well last night.---Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. won’t6.you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.A. WhenB. HowC. WhatD. That7. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his sonhe wants to.A. even ifB. as ifC. becauseD. before8.which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowingB. Knowing notC. Not knownD. Known not9. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environmentthey live.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. where10. The airportnext year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed第二节,完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项xx。
2013年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samles of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of apperaring too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day。
To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsoho suspected the truth was 11 。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试-英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力1.What does the man want to do?A.Take photos.B.Buy a camera.C.Help the woman.2.What are the speakers talking about>A.A noisy nightB.Their life in townC.A place of living.3.Where is the man now?A.On his way. B.In a restaurant. C.At home4.What will Celia do?A.Find a player. B.Watch a game. C.Play basketball.5.What day is it when the conversation takes place?A.Saturday. B.Sunday. C.Monday.听第6段材料,回答6、7题。
6.What is Sara going to do?A.Buy John a gift. B.Give John a surpise C.Invite John to France. 7.What does the man think of Sara’s plan?A.Funny. B.Exciting. C.Strange.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Why does Diana say sorry to peter?A.She has to give up her travel pan.B.She wants to visit another city.C.She needs to put off her test.9.What does Diana want Peter to do?A.Help her with her study.B.Take a book to her friend.C.Teach a geography lesson.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
1.2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(课标卷I)选择题答案第一、二、三部分36-40 CCDAB41-45 DABAC 46-50 CDDBA 51-55 BCADB 56-60 AACCB61-65 DCDDB 66-70 BCABD第二节:One Possible VersionDear Peter,How are you doing?I’m writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference, and I’ve asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you’ve asked for before.Also, I’d like you to do me a favor. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the U.S.? Thank you in advance!His flight number is CA985, and it will arrive at 11:30 am, August 6. My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses. And he will be in a blue jacket.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua2.2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(课标卷II)选择题:16-20: ADBBA 21-25: CBDCA 26-30: CDBCA31-35: DDBCA 36-40: BADBA 41-45: DBDCD 46-50: CABCDDear Tom,How are you doing? I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. I made them myself with red silk threads, cloth and other materials. They look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond, about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide. In china, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck. People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses. They are only 12.99 US dollars each. If anyone wants to know more about the knots, let them write to me. Also, do let me know if you need further information. Thank you!Li hua.2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(大纲卷)选择题答案:第一、二、三部分:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A11.B 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.C21.D 22.A 23.A 24.C 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B31.D 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.C 36.A 37.D 38.B 39.B 40.A41.C 42.B 43.D 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.D 48.B 49.C 50.A51.D 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.A 56.B 57.A 58.D 59.B 60.A61.D 62.B 63.D 64.C 65.D 66.C 67.A 68.B 69.A 70.C71.D 72.C 73.A 74.C 75.B非选择题答案:第二节:英语答案第1页(共2页)Dear Tom,How are you doing? I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. I made them myself with red silk threads, cloth and other materials. They look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond, about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide. In china, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck. People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses. They are only 12.99 US dollars each. If anyone wants to know more about the knots, let them write to me. Also, do let me know if you need further information. Thank you!Li hua.4. 2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第二部分: 第一节:单选21-25: DACBB 25-30: CDBDA 31-35: BCCDA第二节: 完形36-40: CAADB 41-45:BCDCD46-50:ACBDA 51-55:BDCAB第三部分: 阅读56-60: BADAC 61-65: CDBBA 66-70:DDACC 71-75: EDBAF第四部分:作文第一节:情景作文内容要点:1. 告别2.生病3.照顾. 4.夸奖Last Monday, my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip. He would be awayfor three days. Just the next morning, I found my mother wasn’t feeling well. She had a cold. I immediatelywent to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her, with my special care. My mother recovered quickly. When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened he praised me for what I had done. I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother第二节开放作文I think the picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality. Peopleneed to learn to face it. Everyone has his dream, however, it is not so easy for people to realize their dreamsevery time. Just like the man in the picture, instead of the big fish he wishes for. He actually catches a smallone. In my opinion, People need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying. With another try, they may gain what they dream of.5. 2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(天津卷)单选1-15 BABDC BCAAD ACDBD完形16-35 CDABA BCDBA CDCBA ABACD阅读36-55 ABCDD ACDBC BCBDA ACDBDGood afternoon, my dear friends,My name is Li Jin. I feel excited to have the honor of running for vice president of our English Club. I think I am fully qualified for the job.Firstly, I am easygoing and can communicate with others in English fluently. Secondly, as a dynamic person, I have rich experience in organizing activities, such as English parties and all kinds of lectures. I will make good plans and spare no efforts to do more exchanges with other schools by holding English Speech Competition and debates if I get the chance. If I am lucky enough to be elected, I will make great contributions to serve students and try to make their life more colorful! I sincerely hope you can give me a chance. Thank you!6.2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(上海卷)第一大题第1至第10小题,每题1分;第11至第16小题,每题2分;第17至第24小题,每题1分,共30分。
Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant''s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to lastonly a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person ——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D]lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happyto be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America''s Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft''s Internet Explorer and Apple''s Safari both offer DNT ;Google''s Chrome is due to do so this year. In February theFTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google''s on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft''s chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D]provide better online services27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D]internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D]goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author''s attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn''t we? Take a broader look at our species'' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today''s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it''s perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That''s one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world’s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too,the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction . Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of socialscientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highlyspecialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishingelsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it withincross-cutting topics of sustainable development .[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Part B: (10 points)Section III Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and thatself-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversityof styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.Section III WritingParty A51 Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B: (20 points)Part B52 Directions:Write an essay of about 160 – 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should(1) describe the drawing briefly,(2) interpret its intended meaning, and(3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2013Section I Use of English1. A. grants2. D. external3. C. picture4. A. For example5. B. fearful6. B. on7. A. if8. D. test9. D. success10. A. chosen11. D. otherwise12. C. conducted13. B. rated14. D. took15. B. then16. C. marked17. A. before18. C. drop19. B. undo20. C. necessarySection II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1 (In the 2006)21. B. insensitivity to fashion22. D. shop for their garment more frequently23. A. accusation24. D. pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing25. C. criticism of the fast-fashion industryText 2 (An old saying)26. B. lower their operational costs27. D. internet browser developers28. C. will not benefit consumers29. A. DNT may not serve its intended purpose30. D. skepticismText 3 (Now utopia)31. B. our faith in science and technology32. A. sustained species33. D. our immediate future is hard to conceive34. C. draw on our experience from the past35. C. the ever-bright prospects of mankindText 4 (On a five to three)36. C. overstepped the authority of federal immigration37. C. states’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement38. D. stood in favor of the states39. A. outweighs that held by the states40. D. The Administration is dominant over immigration issues. Part B41. E. These issues all have root causes in human behavior...42. F. Despite these factors...43. B. However, the numbers are still small...44. G. During the late 1990s...45. C. The idea is to force social to integrate...Section III Translation46. 然而,看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时,人们会突然意识到,尽管这些花园风格多样,它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求47. 一块神圣的和平之地,不管它有多么粗糙,它都是一种人类本能的需求,和庇护所相反,那只是动物的本能需求。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(全国卷大纲版)听力(每题1.5分,满分30分)第一节1. What does the man want to do?A. Take photos.B. Buy a camera.C. Help the woman.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A noisy night.B. Their life in town.C. A place of living.3. Where is the man now?A. On his way.B. In a restaurant.C. At home4. What will Celia do?A. Find a player.B. Watch a game.C. Play basketball.5. What day is it when the conversation takes place?A. Saturday.B. Sunday.C. Monday.第二节听第6段材料,回答6、7题。
6. What is Sara going to do?A. Buy John a gift.B. Give John a surprise.C. Invite John to France.7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan?A. Funny.B. Exciting.C. Strange.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. Why does Diana say sorry to peter?A. She has to give up her travel pan.B. She wants to visit another city.C. She needs to put off her test.9. What does Diana want Peter to do?A. Help her with her study.B. Take a book to her friend.C.T eacha geography lesson.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)英语笔试(1)单项选择1、----I’m going to Venice next week、---- 、Carnival will be held then、Have fun!A、You’re crazyB、You’re luckyC、You’d better notD、You never know【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语.去威尼斯碰上狂欢节,真是幸运,故答案选B.2、If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to a hand、A、lendB、shakeC、waveD、want 【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析.译为:如果你遇上麻烦,Mike总是乐意帮助你.短语lend a hand,帮助,故答案选A.3、I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time----there are meaningful things to do、A、lessB、moreC、the leastD、the most【答案】B【解析】考查形容词比较级.根据句意:看电视是浪费时间,因为有(比看电视)更有意义的事情可以做.故选比较级more.4、----Mary’s been offered a job in a university, but she doesn’t want to take it、---- ? It’s a very good chance、A、Guess whatB、So whatC、Who caresD、But why【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语.A项“猜猜看怎么了”,B项“那又如何呢”,C项“谁在乎呢”,D项“为什么呀”.根据句意,Mary被给予了一个工作而不想做,后面说这是一个好机会.可见,应该问,这是为什么呀?故答案选D.5、small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries、A、AsB、IfC、AlthoughD、Once【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句.根据句意即可判断:这个公司虽然小,但是它在30多个国家有大约1000个采购商.此处状语从句连词后省略了句子的主语和be动词,即although (it is) small….6、We have launched another man-made satellite, is announced in today’s newspaper、A、thatB、whichC、whoD、what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句.此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句.翻译为:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这是在今天的报纸上宣布的.故答案选B.7、While she was in Paris, she developed a for fine art、A、wayB、relationC、tasteD、habit 【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析.短语a taste for…,对…的一种爱好.句意:她在巴黎的时候,她对艺术产生了兴趣.故答案选C.8、I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able toA、get awayB、drop inC、check outD、hold on 【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语.A项“脱身,抽身”,B项“顺便拜访”,C项“办手续离开”,D项“坚持”.翻译为:今年我本打算休假的,但我不能脱身啊.故答案选A.9、No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold、A、couldB、mustC、dareD、need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词.译为:不可能有人比他更慷慨;他有一颗善良的心.can’t/ couldn’t表不可能,故答案选A.10、In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations、A、usingB、to useC、having usedD、used【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词.非谓语动词use在句中作words的后置定语,与其存在被动关系,故使用过去分词used,答案为D.11、It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan、A、thatB、whereC、whyD、when【答案】A【解析】考查强调句.此处考查固定句型not…until的强调句,其句型结构为:It was not until…that+句子.故答案选A.12、At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine、A、themB、theseC、thoseD、ones【答案】C【解析】考查代词.本题考查用于比较对象替代的代词.比较对象的替代通常可以用that替代不可数名词,those替代可数名词复数,故此处用those替代比较对象machines.翻译为:在我们工厂有一些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器.13、The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers one of the main pipes、A、had repairedB、have repairedC、repairedD、are repairing 【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态.句意:暂时断水了,因为工人在修一个主管道.根据句意,选正在进行时态.14、If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he able to speak it much better now、A、will beB、would beC、has beenD、would have been【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气.此题为if虚拟条件句,从句时间为before,故是对过去的虚拟,用过去完成时态,主句时间为now,故是对现在的虚拟,因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形,答案为B.15、I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents、A、ThatB、WhichC、WhetherD、What【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句.主句谓语为is,之前为主语从句,从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语,指事物,故填what;而which意为“哪一个”,that、whether均不做成分.二、完形填空As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses(老茧)and roughness、His hands tell the story of his life as a 16 ,including all his struggles、One summer, I remember, a drought (旱灾)hit Ontario,turning it into a 17 desert、On one og those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last 18 from the grocery store、Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 19took twenty minutes、That morning,however,the process didn’t 20 quickly、After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field,we 21 needed twenty dozen、I was completely frustrated and 22 、Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen,they can pick it themselves1”Dad 23 、“Just think,my little girl,only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re 24 、” Such is Dad----whatever problem he 25 ,he never gives up、26 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county、It was a challenging time for everyone,27 Dad remained optimistic、He 28 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plated、Only then did I truly begin to 29 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times、Dad is also a living example of real 30 、From dawn to dusk,he warks countless hours to 31 our family、He always puts our happiness 32 his own,and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 33 his exhaustion after long days、His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 34 putting others first、Dad,the life 35 I have learned from you will stay with me forever、You are my father,teacher,friend and,most importantly,my hero、16.A、teacher B、gardener C、farmer D、grocer17.A、stormy B、lively C、disappearing D、burning18.A、order B、form C、gap D、position19.A、repeatedly B、normally C、finally D、really20.A、go B、begin C、occur D、change21.A、yet B、still C、even D、nearly22.A、surprised B、nervous C、angry D、frightened23.A、apologized B、cried C、complained D、laughed24.A、lost B、done C、gone D、touched25.A、meets with B、brings up C、works out D、thinksabout26.A、Thankfully B、Hopefully C、Unfortunately D、Strangely27.A、or B、for C、so D、but28.A、happened B、seemed C、continued D、aimed29.A、face B、appreciate C、examine D、question30.A、love B、pride C、friendship D、honesty31.A、support B、settle C、start D、impress32.A、after B、before C、beside D、under33.A、in spite of B、in terms of C、in control of D、inplace of34.A、careful B、regretful C、considerate D、humorous35.A、history B、motto C、patterns D、lessons16、【答案】C【解析】根据第二段话After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we…漫无目的在田里走,我们……可知答案为C(农民).17、【答案】D【解析】后文的desert和前文的干旱告诉我们此处填上一个描述干旱沙漠的词,故选D(在燃烧的,炙热的).18、【答案】A【解析】A预订,B表格,C空隙,D位置.根据后文我和父亲在田里寻找玉米,可知食品商订购了他们的玉米,故选A.19、【答案】B【解析】后文however及quickly暗示前面应该填B(正常地).A重复,B正常,C最后,D真正.20、【答案】A【解析】句意:这个过程进展并不顺利,go表示“进展”,故选A.21、【答案】B【解析】这里和前文the process didn’t go quickly呼应,故选B.A尚,还;B还;C甚至;D将近.22、【答案】C【解析】这里and连接,前面frustrated表示“沮丧的”,故此处也应选一个表消极意义的词汇,故选C(生气的).23、【答案】D【解析】文章第三、四段话说明父亲很乐观,故选D(大笑).24、【答案】B【解析】因为父亲很乐观,应填表示褒义的词,故选B(做完).25、【答案】A【解析】句意:无论遇到什么问题,父亲永不放弃.A遇到;B养育,呕吐;C计算出;D思考. 26、【答案】C【解析】句意:不幸的是,整个国家都受到了这次干旱的影响.在我看来这是不幸的,但是,父亲很乐观,衬托父亲的乐观,故选C(不幸地).27、【答案】D【解析】和前面对比,父亲仍然很乐观,故选D.28、【答案】C【解析】这里作者列举了父亲乐观的表现:因为有健康的体魄等而感激.A碰巧,B似乎、好像;C 一直,继续,D瞄准.29、【答案】B【解析】那时我才意识到了父亲及他的信念的重要性.这里和下文都表明作者高度赞扬了父亲的做法,故选一个带有褒义的词语,故选B.30、【答案】A【解析】从后面的例子“父亲从早干到晚”可以看出作者的父亲很爱这个家.31、【答案】A【解析】父亲从早干到晚养家,故选A.32、【答案】B【解析】父亲爱这个家庭,把自己的幸福放在后面,把家人的幸福放在前面.故选B.33、【答案】A【解析】父亲尽管很劳累,仍然会在运动场上为我加油.34、【答案】C【解析】父亲对我的影响:更有同情心,更体贴.35、【答案】D【解析】我从父亲那里学到的东西会永远和我在一起.故选D.三、阅读理解A、Guide to Stockholm University LibraryOur library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment、ZonesThe library is divided into different zones、The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading,and places where you can sit and work with your own computer、The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs、The ground floor is the zone where you can talk、Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work、ComputersYou can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers,your can also use library computers,which contain the most commonly used applications,such as Microsoft Office、They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor、Group-study placesIf you want to discuss freely without disturbing others,you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor、Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people、All rooms are marked on the library maps、There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website、To book,you need an active University account and a valid University card、You can use a room three hours per day,nine hours at most per week、Storage of Study MaterialThe library has lockers for students to store course literature,When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分),you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period、Rules to be FollowedMobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the librar、Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls、Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library,but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you、36、The library’s upper floor is mainly for students toA、read in a quiet placeB、have group discussionsC、take comfortable seatsD、get their computers fixed37、Library computers on the ground floorA、help students with their field experimentsB、contain software essential for schoolworkC、are for those who wan to access the wi-fiD、are mostly used for filling out application forms38、What condition should be met to book a group-study room?A group must consist of 8 peopleB、Three-hour use per day is the minimumC、One should first register at the universityD、Applicants must mark the room on the map39、A student can rent a locker in the library if heA、can afford the rental feeB、attends certain coursedC、has nowhere to put his booksD、has earned the required credits40、What should NOT be brought into the library?A、Mobile phonesB、Orange juice、C、CandyD、Sandwiches36、【答案】A【解析】题干中的the upper floor是有关地方的信息,这暗示我们可以在Zones这个段落里去找到答案.根据The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading可知答案为A.37、【答案】B【解析】在Computers部分可以找到答案为B.38、【答案】C【解析】在Group-study Places中可以找到答案为C.39、【答案】D【解析】从题干可知答案出现在Storage of Study Material中,根据when you have obtained at least 40 credits, you may rent a locker…可知答案为D.40、【答案】D【解析】根据文中Keep your phone on silent可知mobile phones是可以带进来的.B、Last night’s meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers、According to Gabe Rothsclild, Emerald Valley’s mayor,people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes,expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky、What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead、“My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing,but it turned out to be a huge disappointments、”Astronomers---scientists who study stars and planets----have been complaining about this problem for decades、They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they couldsee quite easily in the past、They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it、There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution、This population consists of birds,bats frogs,snakes,etc、For example,outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds、According to the International Dark-Sky Association、“100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers、”Countless more animals casualties(伤亡)result from the use of artificial lighting、Clearly,people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings,but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans,too、They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer、Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of hight pollution、For years,Flagstaff,Arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory、Similar efforts have been made worldwide,and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them,so that other creatures can share the night、41.It happened last night thatA.the city’s lights affected the meteor watchingB、the meteors flew past before being noticedC、the city light show attracted many peopleD、the meteor watching ended up a social outing42、What do the astronomers complain about?A、Meteor showers occur less often than beforeB、Their observation equipment is in poor repairC、Light pollution has remained unsolved for yearsD、Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting43、What the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4?A、Birds may take other migration pathsB、Animal’living habits may change suddenlyC、Varieties of animals will become sharply reducedD、Animals’survival is threatened by outdoor lighting44、Lighting regulations in Flagstaff,Arizona are put into effect toA、Lessen the chance of getting cancerB、create an ideal observation conditionC、ensure citizens a good sleep at nightD、enable all creatures to live in harmony45、What message does the author most want to give us?A、Saving wildlife is saving ourselvesB、Great efforts should be made to save energyC、Human activities should be environmentally friendlyD、New equipment should be introduced for space study41、【答案】A【解析】根据第一段最后一句a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead可知答案为A.42、【答案】C【解析】文中第三段话have been complaining about this problem for decades,第一段话就提到了光线太亮,这句话后边又提到了light pollution.结合选项,选C.43、【答案】D【解析】第四段第一句就告诉我们除了专业及业余的观星者之外,还有些群体也收到了光污染的影响.而这些群体指的就是birds、bats等动物.D项的意思是:“动物的生存受到户外灯光的影响.”44、【答案】B【解析】根据文章最后一段in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory,可知答案为B.45、【答案】C【解析】文中作者反复强调光污染问题对人类的一些活动和动物的影响.这显然是强调环境问题.C、Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life that by the narrow road toward goals、I like this image、But I as quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words、For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents’ home in Boise in nine hours、We traveled the way most people do:the fastest,shortest easiest road,especially when ai was alone with four noisy,restless kids who hates confinement(限制)and have strong opinions about everything、Road trips felt risky,so I would drive fast,stopping only when I had to、We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired、But then Banner,our lamb was born、He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise、I had two choices:leave Banner with my husband,or take him with me、My husband made the decision for me、That is how I found my self on the road with four kids,a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through、We took the country roads out of necessity、We had to stop every hour,let Banner shke out his legs and feed him、The kids chased him and one another、They’d get back in the car breathless and energized,smelling fresh from the cold air、We explored side roads,catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass、Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother,or fish leaping out of the water,it was better than the best ride down the freeway、Here was life、And new horizons(见识)、We eventually arrived at my parents’doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of storiesI grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique、On an empty section of road,everyone started quarreling、I stopped the car,ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead、I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence、Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight、But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyon adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey----and the best part of yourself、46、Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents’home?A、It was less timeB、It would be faster and saferC、Her kids would feel less confinedD、She felt better with other drivers nearby47、The author stopped regularly on the country roads toA、relax in the fresh airB、take a dep breathC、take care of the lambD、let the kids play with Banner48、What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?A、Freeways are where beauty hides、B、Getting close to nature adds to the joy of lifeC、Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one’s healthD、One should follow side roads to watch wild animals49、Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?A、To give herself some time to readB、To order some food for themC、To play a game with them、D、To let them cool down50、What could be the best title for the passage?A、Charm of the DetourB、The Road to BraveryC、Creativity out of NecessityD、Road trip and Country Life46、【答案】B【解析】根据第二段We travelled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement and have strong opinions about everything可知作者以前为什么喜欢走freeways,结合选项,选B.47、【答案】C【解析】根据第三、四段话,可知,由于our lamb was born,且根据第五段话We had to stop every hour let Banner shake out his legs and feed him可知答案为C.48、【答案】B【解析】根据地六段话it was better than the best ride down the freeway和最后一段均说明作者很开心,这段旅程是生活中最美好的,故答案选B.49、【答案】D【解析】前一句everyone started quarreling是作者asked the kids to get out of the car的原因,故答案选D.50、【答案】A【解析】文章第一段we are defined more by the detours in life than by the narrow road toward goals、I like this image及最后一段话均说明了绕行的魅力.D、When asked about happiness,we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight,which seems to get rarer the older we get、For kids,happiness has a magical quality、Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的)、In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes、Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement,love and popularity、I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party、In adulthood the things that bring deep joy----love,marriage,birth----also bring responsibility and the risk of loss、For adults,happiness is complicated(复杂的)My definition fo happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”、The more we can enjoy what we have,the happier we are、It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends,the freedom to live where we please,and even goo health、I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday、First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself、Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing,which I love、When the kids and my husband came home,I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day、Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work、I don’t think that my grandmother,who raised 14 children,had much of either、She did have a network of close friends and family,and maybe this is what satisfied her、We,however,with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area,have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have、We’ve so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable、So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success,without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happierHappiness isn’t about what happens to us----it’s about how we see what happens to us、It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative、It’s not wishing for what we don’t have,but enjoying what we do possess、51、As people grow older,theyA、feel it harder to experience happinessB、associate their happiness less with othersC、will take fewer risks in pursuing happinessD、tend to believe responsibility means happiness52、What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?A、She cares little about her own healthB、She enjoys the freedom of travelingC、She is easily pleased by things in daily lifeD、She prefers getting pleasure from housework53、What can b informed from Paragraph 7?A、Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happinessB、Psychologists’opinion is well proved by Grandma’caseC、Grandma often found time for social gatheringsD、Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life54、People who equal happiness with wealth and successA、consider pressure something blocking their wayB、stress then right to happiness too muchC、are at a loss to make correct choicesD、are more likely to be happy55、What can be concluded from the passage?A、Happiness lies between the positive and the negativeB、Each man is the master of his own fateC、Success leads to happinessD、Happy is he who is content51、【答案】A【解析】根据文章第一段话which seems to get rarer the older we get “随着年龄的增大,幸福会越来越少”,可知答案为A.52、【答案】C【解析】第五段话介绍了幸福的定义,第六段话作者举了一个幸福感的例子:作者那天一个人在家里静静地写作,她感到很幸福,孩子回来之后的吵闹声也很喜欢,据此可知答案选C.53、【答案】D【解析】作者用了I don’t think that my grandmother…had much of either来否定了心理学家的看法,故选D.54、【答案】B【解析】根据第八段We’re so self-conscious about our “right” to it’s making us miserable、So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier,可知答案为B.55、【答案】D【解析】最后一段就阐述了如何获得幸福:在逆境中找到积极的因素以及知足常乐.据此可知选D.四、阅读表达My name is Clara、I still remember that chilly December day,sitting in science class、I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine、A piece of news caught my eye:NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探测器)、Before I even knew anything else about it,a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind,Curiosity、I couldn’t want for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay、That afternoon,I raced home,sat down at the computer,and typed until my fingers ached、“Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind、、、”Five months later, my mon received a phone call,and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face、On August 5,2012,at 10:31 p、m,the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars,and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA、Curiosity is such an important part of who I am、I have always been fascinated by the stars,the planets,the sky and the universe、I remember as a little girl,my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours、She’d tell me stories and point out the stars,Grandma lived in China,thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas,but the stars kept us together even when we were apart、They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them、That’s what I love so much about space、People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares、My answer is simple because we’re curious、We human beings do not just hole up in one place、We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon、56.How did Clara get the new about the essay contest?( no more than 10 words)57.Why did Clara have a front-row seat in NASA?( no more than 10 words)58.What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma?( no more than 15 words)59.What does the underlined phrase “hole up”mean?(1 word)60.In your opinion,why is curiosity important?( no more than 20 words)56、【答案】By reading a Time for Kids magazine、Or: From a Time for Kids magazine【解析】根据文章第一段第二句话I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a Time for Kids magazine可知答案.57、【答案】She won the essay contest held by NASA、Or: She named the Mars rover “Curiosity”、Or: “Curiosity” was chosen as the name of the Mars rover、【解析】题干关键信息为a front-row seat in NASA告诉我们答案在第四段,根据第四段the rover named Curiosity并结合第二段中的Curiosity is an…可知答案.58、【答案】She sat together with Grandma listening to her stories about stars、Or: Her grandma told her stories about stars、Or: They sat together talking about stars、【解析】根据文章倒数第二段I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours、She’d tell me stories and point out the stars可知答案.59、【答案】Stay/ Remain/ Live/ Hide【解析】结合语境:我们人类不能老呆在一个地方.60、【答案】Curiosity is important because it leads to discovery or inventions、Or: With Curiosity, we keep asking questions and exploring the world unknown、Or: Curiosity drives us through our lives so that we never stop wondering about the things beyond our knowledge、【解析】开放型问题.读懂文章,不难回答,回答时需把握文章主题,并进行概括提炼,合理回答.五、书面表达61.假设你是某大学的学生李津,你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席,负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动,你欲参选,请按以下提示,写一篇竞选演讲稿.✧个人的优势介绍(如性格、特长等)✧组织校内的活动的设想(如举办讲座、英语晚会等)✧组织校际交流活动的设想(如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等)✧表达竞选的愿望.注意:1.词数不少于100;2.请勿提及真实学校姓名3.可适当的加入细节,以使内容充实,行文连贯;4.开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数.参考词汇:副主席:vice president竞选:run forGood afternoon,my dear friends,My name is Li Jin,Thank you、【Possible Version】Good afternoon, my dear friends、My name is Li Jin、I’m outgoing and get on well with my classmates and teachers、I am skilled inorganizing all kinds of activities、I’d like to run for the vice president of the English club in our school、I know as the vice president, I must do the following things for the club: I will try to make it known to every student and more students involved in the activities organized by the club、Also, to improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and inter-school ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests、I hope all of you will vote for me、Thank you、。
2013年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标I)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:We________last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study答案是C.21.—Why,this is nothing but common vegetable soup!—_________,madam.It’s our soup of the day!A.Let me seeB.So it isC.Don’t mention itD.Neither do I22.They might just have a place________on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try?A.leaveB.leftC.leavingD.to leave23.Try not to cough more than you can since it may cause problems to your lungs.A.checkB.allowC.stopD.help24.If we now to protect the environment,we’ll live to regret it.A.hadn’t actedB.haven’t actedC.don’t actD.won’t act25.Tony can hardly boil an egg,still cook dinner.A.lessB.littleC.muchD.more26.Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.whichB.whereC.howD.what27.When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him,but I my mind.A.have changedB.changeC.had changedD.would change28.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police.A.not to doB.not toC.not doD.do not29.The door open,no matter how hard she pushed.A.shouldn’tB.couldn’tC.wouldn’tD.mightn’t30.At the last moment,Tom decided to a new character to make the story seem more likely.A.put upB.put inC.put onD.put off 31.India attained independence in1947,after long struggle.A.不填;aB.the;aC.an;不填D.an;the32.There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discoveryanother man,also intelligent,fails.A.sinceB.ifC.asD.while33.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,”________.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old sayingC.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying34.It was a real race_______time to get the project done.Luckily,we made it.A.overB.byC.forD.against35.The sunlight is white and blinding,_______hard-edged shadows on the ground.A.throwingB.being thrownC.to throwD.to be thrown第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2013考研英语(一)真题(领先考研版)发布日期: 2013-01-06 11:14来源: 领先考研网作者: 领先考研查看:1122013年考研英语(一)真题来源:领先考研Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samles of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of apperaring too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsoho suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into c onsideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant‘s score on the Granduate Managent Adimssion Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr. Simonsoho found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1. [A] grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers2. [A] minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external3. [A] issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all5. [A] fond [B] fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless6. [A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C] share [D]success9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn‘t affect her, Priest ly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant‘s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business c ouldn‘t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline‘s three-year indictment of ―fast fashion‖. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnaroundsmean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don‘t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world‘s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan‘s The Omnivore‘s Dilemma. ―Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable a nd wasteful,‖ Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can‘t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can‘t afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word ―indictment‖ (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim ―behavioural‖ ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft‘s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that ―behavioural‖ ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] provide better online services27. ―The industry‖ (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D] internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismText 3Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to pandemic flu to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years (see "100,000 AD: Living in the deep future"). Look up Homo sapiens in the IUCN's "Red List" of threatened species, and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation, based in San Francisco, has created a forum where thinkers and scientists are invited to project the implications of their ideas over very long timescales. Its flagship project is a mechanical clock, buried deep inside a mountain in Texas, that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Then there are scientists who are giving serious consideration to the idea that we should recognise a new geological era: the Anthropocene. They, too, are pulling the camera right back and asking what humanity's impact will be on the planet - in the context of stratigraphic time.Perhaps perversely, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science-fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy: while our species may flourish, a great many individuals may not. But we are now knowledgeable enough to mitigate many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. Thinking about our place in deep time is a good way to focus on the challenges that confront us today, and to make a future worth living in.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for ares of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and teched[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our bdief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN―Rod List‖suggest that human beings on[A] a sustained species[B] the word‘s deminant power[C] a threat to the environment[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] e xplore our planet‘s abundant resources.[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world.[C] draw on our experience from the past.[D] curb our ambition to reshape history.35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind.[D] Science, Technology and Humanity.Text 4Text 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona‘s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration‘s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona‘s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to ―establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ‖and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court‘s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately ―occupied the field‖ and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal‘s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That‘s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his o bjection as ―a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power‖.The White House argued that Arizona‘s laws conflicted with its enforcementpriorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn‘t want to carry out Congress‘s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona‘s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers‘ duty to withhold immigrants‘information.[B] States‘ independen ce from federal immigration law.[C] States‘ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress‘s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states‘ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states‘ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today‘s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development andhealth.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords―environmental changed‖ or ―climate change‖ have increased rapidly since2004,(43)____When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is oftenlocal:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium forexample .And whether the community‘s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today‘s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at socialscientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of socialscientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highlyspecialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishingelsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and thebio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and thatself-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a ―still point of the turning world,‖ to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one‘s relation to one‘s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn‘t exist or was not di scernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasyelements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a ―liberated‖ sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college , inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest. You should include the details you think necessary. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail , Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)2013考研英语(一)真题答案解析(领先考研版)发布日期: 2013-01-06 11:18来源: 领先考研网作者: 领先考研查看:1672013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题解析Section I Use of English1.【答案】A【解析】第一句提到―总体而言,当人们自己做决定时,并不擅长考虑背景信息。