商务英语(研究生合同翻译)
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商务英语合同翻译论文AbstractAs globalization becomes increasingly prevalent, the importance of business contracts and legal documents translated from one language to another has become more important than ever. This research paper discusses the translation of a business contract from Chinese to English, focusing on key elements including the identification of the parties involved, the rights and obligations of each party, the applicable laws and regulations in China, the clarity of the terms and conditions of the contract, and the enforceability of the contract. The goal of this research paper is to provide a comprehensive guide for legal professionals in translating business contracts and legal documents from Chinese to English.Keywords: translation, business contract, Chinese, English, legal documents1. IntroductionBusiness contracts are key documents in the world of commerce and trade, as they provide the legal framework for all transactions between businesses. With the increasing globalization of business, the need for accurate translations of these contracts has become more important than ever. Businesscontracts are legal documents that establish and outline the terms and conditions of a business agreement between two or more parties. In order for these contracts to be legally binding and enforceable, the terms and conditions must be clearly stated, and the language used must be easily understood by all parties involved.In China, business contracts are written in Chinese. However, as many businesses in China have international partners and clients, it is common for these contracts to be translated into English. Professional translation is essential, as mistakes or misunderstandings in the translation can lead to costly legal disputes. This research paper aims to provide legal professionals with a comprehensive guide for translating business contracts from Chinese to English.2. Identification of the Parties InvolvedThe first step in translating a business contract is to identify the parties involved. In the Chinese language, personal names usually come before surnames, whereas in English, surnames come first. Therefore, when translating a Chinese name into English, the surname should be written first, followed by the given name. A common practice is to include the Chinese name in parentheses after the English name.For example, the Chinese name “张三” should be translated as “ZHANG San (张三)” in an English business contract.In addition to the names of the parties involved, the contract should also include their legal names, addresses, and other identifying information.3. Rights and Obligations of Each PartyThe rights and obligations of each party should be clearly stated in the business contract. This includes the specific responsibilities and duties of each party, as well as any limitations or restrictions.For example, if one party is responsible for delivering goods to the other party, the contract should specify the types of goods to be delivered, the delivery schedule, and any penalties or consequences for late or non-delivery.4. Applicable Laws and Regulations in ChinaIt is important to include a provision in the contract that specifies the applicable laws and regulations in China. This is particularly important in China, where the legal system is complex and constantly changing.In addition, it is important to clarify which version of the Chinese law and regulations will be used in the contract. In China, there are different versions of legal documents at different levels of government, and these may differ in some aspects.5. Clarity of Terms and ConditionsThe terms and conditions of the contract must be clear and easy to understand. This includes the use of correct grammar and punctuation, as well as the avoidance of technical jargon and ambiguous language.Using plain language is particularly important when dealing with a non-native speaker of English, as they may not be familiar with legal terminology and complex sentence structures.6. Enforceability of the ContractThe final step in translating a business contract is to ensure that it is legally enforceable. This means that the contract must meet all the legal requirements of the jurisdiction in which it will be executed.For example, in China, a business contract must be in writing, signed by both parties, and include all relevant terms and conditions. It must also comply with the applicable laws and regulations of China.ConclusionTranslating a business contract from Chinese to English requires careful attention to detail and legal expertise. The contract must be accurately translated, have clear and unambiguous terms, and be legally enforceable. By following the guidelines outlined in this research paper, legal professionals can ensure that their translated business contracts are accurate andlegally binding, and that they meet the requirements of all parties involved.。
1、我们愿与贵公司建立业务往来。
We are willing to establish trade relations with your company.2、我们愿为发展双方贸易提供机会。
We wish to offer you an opportunity to develop bilateral trade.3、我公司经营电子产品的进出口业务,希望与贵方建立商业关系。
This corporation specializes in importing and exporting electronic products and wishes to enter into business relations with you.4、根据你公司1月20日来函要求,现附寄目录一份。
As requested in your letter of Jan.20, we enclose a copy of our catalogue.5、对你努力为我公司开拓市场,深表感谢We very much appreciate your efforts to explore the market for our products.6、我们相信,我们双方的业务将随着时间的推移而得到发展。
We are sure that the business between us will be promoted in years to come.7、我们保证对于贵方的询价给予充分的重视。
We assure you of our best attention to any inquiries from you.8、殷切地盼望早日来函。
We anticipate a prompt reply from you.9、如果你方报价具有竞争性,交货期可接受的话,我们愿向你方订货。
We shall be very glad to place our order with you if your quotation is competitive and delivery date acceptable.10、一旦收到你方具体询价,我们将电告报价。
商务合同模板英文This Business Contract (“Contract”) is entered into on [Date], by and between [Party A], located at [Address], and [Party B], located at [Address].1. Purpose of ContractParty A and Party B agree to enter into this Contract for the purpose of setting forth the terms and conditions under which they will conduct business together.2. Scope of Work2.1 Party A agrees to provide [Products/Services] to Party B in accordance with the terms of this Contract.2.2 Party B agrees to pay Party A for the [Products/Services] as outlined in this Contract.3. Payment Terms3.1 Party B agrees to pay Party A for the [Products/Services] provided in accordance with the payment schedule set forth in this Contract.3.2 Payment shall be made in [Currency] within [Number] days of receipt of an invoice from Party A.3.3 In the event that Party B fails to make payment in accordance with this Contract, Party A may charge interest on the outstanding amount at a rate of [Rate]% per annum.4. Delivery of Products/Services4.1 Party A agrees to deliver the [Products/Services] to Party B in accordance with the agreed upon schedule.4.2 Party B agrees to accept delivery of the [Products/Services] in good condition and in accordance with the specifications outlined in this Contract.5. Warranties5.1 Party A warrants that the [Products/Services] provided under this Contract will be free from defects in materials and workmanship.5.2 Party B agrees to notify Party A of any defects in the [Products/Services] within [Number] days of delivery.5.3 Party A agrees to remedy any defects in the [Products/Services] within a reasonable time frame at no additional cost to Party B.6. Intellectual Property Rights6.1 Party A retains all intellectual property rights in the [Products/Services] provided under this Contract.6.2 Party B agrees not to use or reproduce the [Products/Services] without the express written consent of Party A.7. Confidentiality7.1 Party A and Party B agree to keep the terms and conditions of this Contract confidential.7.2 Party A and Party B agree not to disclose any information regarding this Contract to a third party without the express written consent of the other party.8. Termination8.1 Either party may terminate this Contract for any reason by providing written notice to the other party.8.2 In the event of termination, Party B shall pay Party A for any [Products/Services] provided up to the date of termination.9. Governing LawThis Contract shall be governed by the laws of [Jurisdiction]. Any disputes arising under this Contract shall be resolved through arbitration in [City], [Country].10. Entire AgreementThis Contract constitutes the entire agreement between Party A and Party B with respect to the [Products/Services] provided under this Contract.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract as of the date first above written.[Signature Party A] [Signature Party B][Printed Name Party A] [Printed Name Party B][Title Party A] [Title Party B]Approved by:[Name and Title of Approving Party]Date: [Date]。
英文商务合同模板This Contract (the "Contract") is made and entered into as of [Date], by and between [Company A Name], a [Company A Type] ("Company A"), and [Company B Name], a [Company B Type] ("Company B").1. Scope of WorkCompany A agrees to provide [Services/Goods] to Company B, as further described in the attached Schedule A (the "Services"). Company B agrees to accept the Services from Company A and to pay the fees and other amounts due under this Contract.2. TermThe term of this Contract shall commence on the Effective Date and shall continue for [Term Duration], unless earlier terminated in accordance with the terms of this Contract.3. Fees and Payment TermsCompany B agrees to pay Company A the fees for the Services as set forth in the attached Schedule A (the "Fees"). The Fees shall be paid by Company B to Company A in accordance with the payment terms set forth in this Contract.4. ConfidentialityEach party hereto agrees to keep the terms and conditions of this Contract confidential and to not disclose the same to any third party, except as may be required by law or regulation.5. IndemnificationCompany A agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Company B from and against any and all claims, losses, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising out of or in connection with the performance of the Services by Company A.6. Governing Law and Dispute ResolutionThis Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the state of [State], without regard to its conflict of laws principles. Any disputes arising out of or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved by arbitration in accordance with the rulesof the American Arbitration Association.7. Entire AgreementThis Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, negotiations, and discussions, whether oral or written, of the parties.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract as of the Effective Date.[Company A Name] [Company B Name]By: _________________________ By: _________________________ Name: ______________________ Name: ______________________ Title: ______________________ Title: ______________________ Date: _______________________ Date: _______________________。
商务英语第一次翻译练习题商务英语翻译练习是一项重要的学习活动,它可以帮助学习者提高语言技能,同时熟悉商务环境下的专业术语和表达方式。
以下是一份商务英语翻译练习题,旨在提高学生的翻译能力。
商务英语翻译练习题一、词汇翻译1. 合同 (Contract)2. 报价 (Quotation)3. 交货 (Delivery)4. 销售合同 (Sales Agreement)5. 信用证 (Letter of Credit)二、句子翻译1. 我们收到了贵公司的报价单,并对其内容进行了仔细的审查。
(Translate to English)2. 根据我们的市场研究,这种产品有很大的销售潜力。
(Translateto English)3. 请提供贵公司的详细地址和联系方式。
(Translate to English)4. 我们希望与贵公司建立长期的业务关系。
(Translate to English)5. 我们公司提供多种付款方式,以满足客户的需求。
(Translate to English)三、段落翻译1. 尊敬的客户,我们很高兴通知您,您的订单已成功下单。
我们将尽快安排发货,并确保货物按时到达。
如果有任何问题,请随时联系我们的客服团队。
(Translate to English)2. Dear Customer, we are pleased to inform you that your order has been successfully placed. We will arrange for the shipment as soon as possible and ensure that the goods arrive on time. Should you have any issues, please feel free to contact our customer service team. (Translate to Chinese)四、商务信函翻译1. 翻译以下商务信函的开头和结尾部分:尊敬的先生/女士,我们对贵公司的产品非常感兴趣,并希望建立业务关系。
商务英语(研究生商务信函翻译)商务信函的翻译一、英语商务信函的词汇特征1. 英语商务信函多采用礼貌客气的措词We welcome your fax inquiry today and thank you for your interest in our products欢迎贵方今天的传真询盘并感谢贵方对我方产品感兴趣。
Much to our delight, our manufacturers have agreed to advance their delivery to you.很高兴地通知贵方,我方的供应商已经同意提前发货给贵方。
After careful consideration, we regret to say that we cannot but decline the said order.经过认真考虑,很遗憾,我方不得不谢绝贵方的上述订单。
Your compliance with our request will be highly appreciated.如贵方能满足我方要求,我们将不胜感激。
2. 英语商务信函多使用书面语,并且经常会使用一些专业术语和专业缩略词ad valorem duty 从价(关)税at sight 即期force majeure 不可抗力pro forma invoice 形式发票in view of 考虑到、鉴于prior to 在……之前as per 按照in accordance with 按照、依照With reference to Clause 18 of the contract, we hereby place our claims before you as follows.根据合同条款第18条,我方向你方提出如下索赔。
In compliance with the request in your letter dated March 7,we have much pleasure in sending you herewith our pro forma invoice in quadruplicate.应贵方3月7日来函要求,特此随函附寄形式发票一式四份。
This contract is made in two originals that shouldbe held by each party.此合同一式二份,由双方各持一正本。
What is left unmentioned in contract may be addedthere as an appendix.本合同未尽事宜,可由双方增补作为合同附件。
The Contract is written in quadruplicate (two for original and copy respectively) which shallbecome valid onthe date of signature.本合同一式四份〔正副本各两份〕自签署后生效This Contract is executed in two counterparts each in Chinese and English, each of which shallbe deemed equallyauthentic. This contract is in 2 copies effective since being signed/sealed by both parties. 本合同为中英文两种文本,两种文本具有同等效力。
本合同一式两份。
自双方签字〔盖章〕之日起生效。
This contract is made by and between the buyers and sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy andthe sellersagree to sell the under-mentioned. Commoditiesaccording to the terms and conditions stipulatedbelow.本合同由买卖双方签订,根据本合同条款,买方同意购置,卖方同意出售以下产品。
商务英语中合同的翻译技巧商务英语中合同的翻译技巧一、双方的基本信息1.合同名称:XXX合同2.甲方(英文:Party A):(公司名字/个人名字)(地址:XXX)3.乙方(英文:Party B):(公司名字/个人名字)(地址:XXX)4.签订日期(英文:Date of Execution):(月/日/年)二、各方身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任1.甲方的身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任(1)身份:甲方为出售方;(2)权利:甲方需要出售货物/提供服务;(3)义务:甲方需要按照合同约定的规定,按时、按量、按质地提供货物或服务;(4)履行方式:甲方需要按照约定的交货日期、交货地点、交货方式等送达货物或提供服务;(5)期限:甲方需要按照约定的期限履行义务;(6)违约责任:如甲方未能按照合同约定履行义务,甲方需要承担违约责任,包括但不限于赔偿乙方因此造成的一切损失。
2.乙方的身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任(1)身份:乙方为购买方;(2)权利:乙方需要获得所购货物或服务;(3)义务:乙方需要按时、按量、按质地支付货款;(4)履行方式:乙方需要按照合同约定的收货日期、收货地点、收货方式等接收货物或服务;(5)期限:乙方需要按照约定的期限履行义务;(6)违约责任:如乙方未能按照合同约定履行义务,乙方需要承担违约责任,包括但不限于赔偿甲方因此造成的一切损失。
三、需遵守中国的相关法律法规1.本合同受中国法律的管辖;2.合同受中国法律法规的制约,合同的解释和执行均应符合中国法律;3.若合同的任何规定与中国法律法规相抵触,则以后者为准。
四、明确各方的权力和义务1.甲方的权利(1)甲方有权要求乙方按照合同约定支付货款;(2)甲方有权要求乙方按照合同约定接收货物或服务;(3)甲方有权要求乙方按照合同约定承担违约责任。
2.甲方的义务(1)甲方需要按照合同约定提供货物或服务;(2)甲方需要按照合同约定履行义务;(3)甲方需要按照合同约定承担违约责任;(4)甲方需要保证所提供的货物或服务符合合同约定的质量标准。
合同特点与翻译Contract—pay attention to the specific articles and is based on the agreement Agreement—focus on the fundamental principles and orientations of the two sides合同(Contract)是双方或数方当事人对某一具体项目承担权利义务的协议,对当事人均具有约束力。
定义条款(Definition Clause)是对合同书中反复使用的词汇或在合同中具有特定意义的用语进行说明和解释。
经常在合同中做出定义的用语有:product(产品),licensed product(许可产品),trademark (商标),know-how(专有技术),industrial property right(工业产权),technical documentation(技术资料),exclusive territory(独占地区),etc..基本条款(Basic Conditions)即经过交易磋商达成一致的条款,体现了双方当事人具体的权利与义务。
Name of Commodity (品名) Quality (品质) Specifications (规格)Quantity (数量) Packing (包装) Price (价格) Insurance (保险) Inspection (检验) 一般条款General Terms and Conditions :合同有效期限Duration of Contract合同的终止Termination of Contract 不可抗力Force Majeure通知手续Notice 仲裁Arbitration 适用的法律Governing Law合同的修改Amendment of Contract 合同的让与Assignment of Contract基本条款(Basic Conditions)即经过交易磋商达成一致的条款,体现了双方当事人具体的权利与义务。
第一节商务合同的种类BrainstormingTranslate the following into Chinese1.Contracts for International Sale of Goods国际货物销售合同2.Contracts for International Technology Transfer国际技术转让合同3.Contracts for Sino-Foreign Joint Ventures中外合资经营企业合同4.Contracts for Sino-Foreign Contractual Joint Ventures中外合作经营企业合同5. Contracts for International Engineering Projects国际工程承包合同Part V Practical trainingTranslate the following English expressions into Chinese 1. Contract of Purchase购买合同2. Purchase Confirmation购买协议书3. International Loan Agreement国际借贷合同4. Labor Service Contract劳务合同5. Exclusive Sales Agreement包销协议6. Forwarding Agency Agreement货运代理合同7. Outsourcing Agreement外包合同8. Service Agreement服务合同9. Share Transfer Agreement股权转让协议10. International Technical Consultancy Service Contract国际技术咨询服务合同Translate the following contract into ChineseORIGINAL Sales Contract NO.Date:The sellers. CHINA NATIONAL MINERALS IMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION Erh Li Glou, Beijing Cable Address: MINERALS BEIJINGTelex: 22773 MINERALS BEIJING22774 MIMET CN 22190 MIMET CNFax: 8315079The buyers. Cable Address:Telex:The Sellers agree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy the undermentioned goods on the terms and(5) Time of Shipment:(6) Port of Loading:(7) Port of Destination:(8) Insurance: To effected by the Sellers for 110% of invoice value covering(9) Terms of Payment:By confimed, irrevocable, transferable and divisible Letter of Credit in favour of the Sellers payable at sight against presentation of shipping documents in China, with partial shipments and transshipments allowed. The covering Letter of Credit must reach the Sellers 45 days before the contracted date of shipment and remain valid in the above loading port until the 15thday after shipment, failing which the Sellers reserve the right to cancel the contract without further notice and to claim against the Buyers for any loss resulting therefrom.(10) Documents:The Sellers shall present to the negotiating bank, Clean On Board Bill of Lading, Invoice, Quality Certificate issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau or the Manufacturers, Survey Report on Quantity / Weight issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau, and Transferable Insurance Policy or Insurance Certificate when this Contract is made on CIF basis.(11) Terms of Shipment:1. The carrying vessel shall be provided by the Sellers. Partial shipments and transshipmentare allowed.2. After loading is completed, the Sellers shall notify the Buyers by cable of the contractnumber, name of commodity, quantity, name of the carrying vessel and date of shipment.(12) Quality / Quantity / weight Discrepancy and Claim:In case the quality and / or quantity/ weight are found by the Buyers to be not in conformity with the Contract after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyers may lodge claim with the Sellers supported by survey report issued by an inspection organization agreed upon by both parties, with the exception, however, of those claims for which the insurance company and / or the shipping company are to be held responsible. Claim for quality discrepancy should be filed by the Buyers within 30 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, while for quantity / weight discrepancy claim should be filed by the Buyers within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination. The Sellers shall, within 30 days after receipt of the notification of the claim, send reply to the Buyers.(13) Force Majeure:In case of Force Majeure, the Sellers shall not be held responsible for late delivery ornon-delivery of the goods but shall notify the Buyers by cable. The Sellers shall deliver to the Buyers by registered mail, if so requested by the Buyers, a certificate issued by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade or related competent authorities.(14) Arbitration:All disputes in connection with this Contract or the execution thereof shall be settled by negotiation between two parties. If no settlement can be reached, the in dispute shall then be submitted for arbitration in the country of defendant in accordance with the arbitration regulations of the arbitration organization of the defendant country. The decision made by the arbitration organization shall be taken as final and binding upon both parties. Thearbitration expenses shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration organization.(15) Remarks:Sellers: Buyers:CHINA NATIONAL MINERALSIMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION正本合同合同号:日期:卖方中国矿产进出口公司北京二里沟电报挂号买方双方同意按下列条款由卖方出售,买方购进下列货物:(5)装运期限:(6)装运口岸:(7)目的口岸:(8)保险:由卖方按发票金额110%投保(9)付款条件:凭保兑的、不可撤销的、可转让的、可分割的即期信用证在中国见单付款。
商务英语合同翻译
甲方:____(以下简称“甲方”)
乙方:____(以下简称“乙方”)
鉴于甲方希望乙方提供商务英语翻译服务,乙方愿意按照本合同条款提供该服务,双方经协商一致,达成如下协议:
第一条服务内容
乙方应根据甲方的要求,提供商务英语翻译服务,包括但不限于合同、协议、报告、信函等文件的翻译。
第二条服务标准
乙方应保证翻译质量,翻译内容应准确、流畅、符合商务英语的表达习惯。
第三条服务期限
乙方应自本合同签订之日起____天内完成翻译服务。
第四条费用及支付
1. 本合同项下翻译服务费用总计为人民币____元(¥____)。
2. 甲方应在合同签订后____天内支付50%的预付款,余款在乙方交付翻译成果并经甲方验收合格后支付。
第五条交付与验收
1. 乙方应在约定期限内将翻译成果以电子文档形式交付甲方。
2. 甲方应在收到翻译成果后____天内完成验收,如有异议,应在验收期内书面通知乙方。
第六条保密条款
双方应对在合同履行过程中获知的对方商业秘密予以保密,未经对方书面同意,不得向第三方披露。
第七条违约责任
如一方违反合同约定,应赔偿对方因此遭受的损失。
第八条争议解决
本合同在履行过程中如发生争议,双方应友好协商解决;协商不成时,任何一方均可向甲方所在地人民法院提起诉讼。
第九条其他
本合同自双方签字盖章之日起生效,一式两份,双方各执一份,具有同等法律效力。
甲方(盖章):____
乙方(盖章):____
授权代表签字:____
授权代表签字:____
签订日期:____年____月____日。
合同翻译——张溪 T00914067 广告学合同合同编号:_______________ 签订日期:_______________ 买方:_______________卖方:_______________买卖双方就以下提及的货物进行协商,并同意按照下列规定条款签订本合同:1.货物,规格明细单,和数量2.单价和总值3.原产地国与制造商4.包装以及标准货物应具有防潮、防锈蚀、防震并适合于远洋运输的包装,由于货物包装不良而造成的货物残损、灭失应由卖方负责。
5.运输唛头卖方应在每个包装箱上用不褪色的颜色标明尺码、包装箱号码、毛重、净重及“此端向上”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”等标记。
6.装运期限7.装运口岸8.目的口岸9.保险费运输后由买方承担。
10.支付款项(1)信用证方式:买方一旦收到卖方关于条款12中。
,须在装运期前15到20天开出以卖方为受益人的不可撤销的议付信用证。
根据开证银行与条款11中制定的船运单据呈现的草稿,此信用证必须是可付的。
信用证在装船完毕后15天日内到期。
(2)收款:交货以后,卖方须通过中国银行将11条款中的运输单据发给买方以收款。
(3) M\T,T\T:收到本合同条款11中制定的运输单据后,买方须在不晚于7天内付款。
11.单据(1)卖方须给协商的支付银行呈现以下单据:(a)在目的港口,通知中国对外贸易公司在一整套被标记了“运费到付”的清洁装运提单的空白收货人一栏签字。
(b)五份标明合同编号与唛头的发票(超过一个唛头,发票须分开发行);(c)五份标明运输重量,数量与对应的发票日期的包装清单;(d)两份由制造商按照条款16中(1)发布的质量与数量的证书;(e)一份发往买方迅速告知其货物已装载的电报。
(2) 卖方须连同本条款中项目e以外的上述所提及的每一份单据与运输货物一起发送给目的口岸的中国国际外贸运输公司。
12.装运条款(1)卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前40天,以电报方式通知买方合同号、品名、数量、金额、包装件、毛重、尺码及装运港可装日期。
商务英语合同翻译五十句发布人:圣才学习网发布日期:2010-04-15 10:30 共19人浏览[大] [中] [小]1.卖方将尽力在交货期内包装好所有的货物.The seller will endeavor to complete all packaging within time for the delivery date.2.买方承担货物运输和销售中的成本和费用.The buyer is responsible for the following costs and charges in the sale and transport of goods.3.卖方将发送货物到交货地的运输方式由买方决定.The mode of transport to the point of delivery is at the buyer's discretion.4.卖方应尽力一切努力启运货物以便及时交货.The seller will make every effort to commence transport of the goods so that they will a rrive by the delivery date.5.如果推迟交货,卖方应通知买方推迟交货以及延误的原因.If there is any delay,the seller will immediately notify the buyer of the delay and the reason for the delay.6.买方有权就新的交货日期与卖方磋商.The buyer will have the option to renegotiate with the seller for a new delivery date.7.为了自己的利益买方将为运输中的货物投保.The buyer will abtain and pay,on its own account,for all insurance on teh goods while in transit.8.双方理解并同意此合同适用于中国法律.The parties understand and agree that law of china will be applied to interprete the con tract.9.买卖双方为了各自的利益为货物所投保的险种由其自行负担费用.Each party is responsible for abtaining on its own account any other insurance coverage for the goods that he may desire.10.如果买方以向卖方付款,在货物到达纽约港时所有权转至买方.Title will be transferred to the buyer while goods are delivered to New York port,provi ded that the buyer has paid.11.如果延迟装运是由于买方无法及时提供此类证据,在这种情况下卖方不违约.If shipment is delayed because the buyer fails to furnish such proof timely,the seller will not be deemed to have breached the contract.12.买方同意货物被运到美国并统一货物不会被运往其他国家.The buyer covenants that the goods will be shipped to and delivered in American and that the buyer will not ship or deliver the goods to any other country.13.买方有权在卖方的营业地检验或让其代理人检验货物.The buyer is entitled to inspect,or to have its agent inspect,the goods at the seller's place of business.14.在交货后90天内,卖方可免费由买方更换任何有瑕疵的货物.Within 90 days after delivery,the seller agrees to replace the goods found defective fr ee of charges.15.买方将用即期汇票付款.The buyer will pay the price by sight draft.16.买方获得由美国政府颁发的进口许可证,卖方获得由中国政府颁发的出口许可证.The buyer will be responsible for obtaining import license issued by the appropriate age ncy of USA goverment,the seller will be responsible for obtaining export license issued by the appropriate agency of China goverment.17.如果任何一方通知另一方不想或不能履行协议,接到通知的一方有权撤消合同.IF either party notifies the other party that it will not ro is unable,to perform this agreement,the party receiving notice is entitled to cancel the agreement.18.撤消的日期是收到不履行协议通知的日期.The date of the cancellation will be the date on which the party receives the notice of nonperformance.19.由于一方违约而给另一方造成损失,就另一方所遭受的损失的合理估计,各方已达成一致.It is agreed that the parties have considered what would be a reasonable estimate of the damages each would suffer if the other were to breach this agreement.20.如果卖方不能交货,卖方应向买方支付一百万美元的赔偿金.If the seller cannot deliver the goods the seller will pay to the buyer as liquidated da mages the sum of US$1million21.对本协议做出的任何修改都应引书面形式做出,并由双方签署.All modifications of this agreement must be in writting and signed by the parties.22卖方同意除本协议中的条款外,任何表述都不具可*性.The seller agrees that no reliance has been placed on any representation other than the provisions contained in the agreement.23.根据本协议规定,发出通知时一方在协议中指定的地点发出书面通知.To give notice pursuant to this agreement,a paety must send written notice to the other party at the address stated in this agreement.24.当地址发生变化时,一方必须在变动后90天内通知另一方.A party must notify the other party in writting of any change in address within 90 days of the effctive date of the change.25.如接受这一要约,买方必须在2005年1月9日前在不改变要约的前提下签字并返给对方.To accept this offer,the buyer must sign and return it without any modifications to the sell,who must receive it no later than Jan.9th.2005.26.本合同自卖方签约之日起对双方具有约束力.This contract will be binding on both parties as of the date on which it is signed by the seller.27.请注意你方接受这一订单的条件在此函的背面.Please note that your acceptance to the offeris subject to the conditions printed on the reverse of the letter.28你方的订单不会成为对双方具有约束力的合同.Your order will not create a binding contract between both parties.29.除我方另行通知外在收到你方订单90天内我方交货.The delivery will be made within 90 days of our receipt of your order,unless weotherwise inform you.30.如果我方在2004年9月9日前未收到你方的订单,此要约撤消.The offer will be canceled if we do not receive an order from you by sept.9th.2004.31.除卖方以书面形式接受更改外,更改.删除和添加任何此要约中的条款均为无效.No alternation,deletion,or addition to these conditions will have any effect unless the seller accepts the change in writting.32.延迟交货是由于卖方努力提供符合买方要求的特别规格的货物,买方无权撤消合同.If the delay in delivery results because of the seller's efforts to comply with particu lar specifications supplied by the buyer,the buyer will not have a right to cancel the cont ract.33.在这种情况下卖方将通知买方延迟交货,双方重新磋商一个交货日期.The seller will notify the buyer of the delay and the parties will renegotiate another d elivery date.34由于买方提出了特定的规格导致了买方不能按时交货.The seller's inability to meet the delivery date designated because the buyer has furni shed particular specifications will net be a breach of contract.35.如果买方认为交付的货物有瑕疵,买方将把货物返还给卖方.If the buyer believes that any goods delivered are defective,the buyer will return the goods to the seller.36.如果买方要求换货,并且有货可换在货物被返还之后卖方应为买方交换原定的货物.If the goods are returned to the seller,the sell will replace the goods as orignal orde r provided that the buyer requests replancement and provided that replacement goods can stil l be provided.37.如果买方没给相关承运人书面通知或提出索赔要求,卖方将不再考虑对货物损坏损失的赔偿.The seller will not consider any claim for damages or loss unless the buyer presents a s eparate writtes notice and claim to the carrier concerned.38.卖方只有在获得原材料的前提下才能接受订单.The seller's acceptance of any order is suject to the aeller's ability to acquire the raw materials.39.如果卖方由于无法获得原材料而无法完成订单,卖方有权撤消合同.If the seller cannot complete an order because raw materials are unavailble,the seller has the right to cancel the contract.40.买方无权修改货物或其包装,所有广告必须指明卖方拥有知识产权.The buyer will not modify /is not entitled the goods and packaging of the goodsin any wa y,and all advertising must specify that the seller owns the intellectual property rights.41.依据本协议无论货物是否移交买方,卖方保留货物所有权直到买方付清全部货款.Pursuant to the contract,whether the goods are delivered to the buyer or not the sellerwill retain the title to the goods until the buyer has paid the price in full.42.任何一方不可不经另一方书面同意转让本合同.Neither party may assign the agreement without the written consent of the other paty.43依据本协议货物一直归制造商所有,并受其控制,直到卖给客户.Pursuant to the agreement,the manufacturer will retain the title to the goods until the goods are sold to the consuner.44.货物所有权由制造尚直接移交给客户.The title of goods will pass to consumer from manufacturer directly.45.制造商有权更改货物价格更改后立即向分销商提供一个新的价目单.The manufacturer has/reserve the right to change any of the prices for the goods,in whi ch event the man will immediately inform the distributors of the changes with a now price li st.46.制造商拥有所有与货物有关的商标.名称.和设计等知识产权.The manufacturer own all the property rightsin all of the marks names and designts conne cted with the goods.47.双方承认他们将建立一个互利互惠的关系,为此他们将努力通过友好磋商的方式解决.The parties acknowlages that they intend to establish a mutually benificial relationshi p,to this end,they will strive to resolve the disputes through amicable negotiation.48.制造商同意制造和保留足以交付给分销商代表的一定数量的货物.The manifacturer greement to manufactur and reserve a quantity if goods sufficient to de liver timely all the goods that the sale representative may sell.49我放已收到你方2004年1月6日对如下货物的订单.WE confirm your order received on Jan.6th.2004 for the following goods.50.双方同意买卖如下货物.The seller agrees to sell the goods and the buyer agrees to purchase the following good s.。
一、合同英语的词汇特点及翻译要点1. 用词专业,具有法律意味(1)根据不同的专业来确定词义。
interest(2)注意合同本身的术语action 行动措施counterpart 对手,对方有同等效力的副本prejudice 偏见损害subject 主题标的物royalties 皇室;王权特许使用权;版税negligence 疏忽过失assign 分配;指派转让(合同等)(3)注意一些以here, there 或where 等作前缀的副词。
hereafter 今后hereby 兹herein 此中,于此hereon 于是,关于这个hereinafter referred to as 下文称thereafter 此后,据此thereby 由此;在那方面thereinafter 以下;在下文aforementioned 上述的thereof 其中的whereas 鉴于whereby 由是;凭那个wherein 在其中for and on behalf of 代表whereon 关于那,在其上in witness whereof 特此为证hitherto 迄今forthwith 立即,毫不拖延2. 用词正式、准确(1)注意介词或介词短语的翻译The participants in the Joint Venture shall commence discussion with regard to the extension of the period of the Venture and in the event of their agreeing upon such extension, they shall record such agreement in a written document signed by all of them not later than three years prior to the expiry of the current period.就本合资企业的存续时限的延期问题,各方应进行讨论;一旦各方就此达成一致,应形成书面协议,由各方在本合同期限到期之前的三年内签字生效。
On the FOB basis, the Buyer shall book shipping space in accordance with the date of shipment specified in the contract.按照FOB条件,由买方负责根据合同规定的装运日期洽定舱位。
(2)注意词语并列的现象(juxtaposition)This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.The amendments to or alteration of this contract become effect only after they are signed by parties hereto and approved by the original approving authorities.类似的表达还有:any and all (全部)、any duties, obligations or liabilities (所有责任)、applicable laws, regulations, decrees, directives, and rules (适用法律法规)、charges, fees, costs and expenses (各种费用)、covenants and agreements (合同、协议)、customs and usages (惯例)、free and clear of (无)、import duty and tax (进口税捐)、keep secret and confidential (保密)、licenses and permits (许可)、null and void (无效)、packing and wrapping expenses (包装费)、rights and interests (权益)、settle claims and debts (清理债务)、ships and vessels (船只)、sign and issue (签发)、support and maintenance (维护)、use and wont (习惯,惯例),等等。
二、商务合同翻译中句子成分的转换1. 主语的转换(1)主语转换为谓语Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order, otherwise the Buyer may at its option cancel the order without cost to him, and charge the Seller for any loss incurred as a result of the latter’s failure to make such delivery.卖方必须在购货订单规定的时间内交货,否则,买方可取消合同,而不承担任何损失,并要求卖方赔偿由不交货所造成的一切损失。
(2)主语转换为宾语Should all or part of the Contract and its appendices be unable to be fulfilled owing to the fault of one party, the breaching party shall bear the responsibilities thus caused.由于一方过失,致使不能履行或不能完全履行本合同及其附件时,由过失方承担违约责任。
If any terms and conditions of this Contract are breached and the breach is not corrected by the breaching party within 30 days after a written notice thereof is given by the other party, then the nonbreaching party shall have the option to terminate this Contract by giving written notice thereof to the breaching party.如果一方违反本合同的任何条款,并且在接到另一方的书面通知后30天内不予以补救,未违约方有权选择向违约方书面通知终止合同。
2. 宾语的转换(1)宾语转换为主语Party A shall send twice its technical personnel to Party B’s factory for training, and the totalnumber of the participants shall not exceed 320 (excluding the interpreter).甲方的技术人员将分两批赴乙方接受培训,参加培训人员不超过320人(翻译人员除外)。
The Seller shall deliver the Equipment and Materials in accordance with the Contract from the 19 (nineteenth) month to the 27 (twenty-seventh) month from the date of the signing of the Contract in 5 (five) lots.根据合同,卖方的设备和材料应当自合同签订之日起第19个至27个月内分五批交付。
(2)宾语转换为谓语The Seller shall make delivery of the goods strictly within the period stipulated herein. In the events of delay in delivery, the Buyers may cancel the Contract and claim damages for breach of the Contract.卖方应当严格按照规定的期限交货,若迟交,买方有权撤销本合同,并要求卖方对由此所造成的损失进行赔偿。
3. 表语的转换(1)表语转换为主语This is the final arbitration award and binding on both Contracting Parties.这一仲裁是终局性的,对双方均有约束力。
Agent oriented toward a single geographic market searching for products to import and market in the home Country is an import agent.进口代理商是面向某一地区市场,寻找能进口到本国销售的产品的代理人。
(2)表语转换为谓语WHEREAS Party B is in the real estate business, and the two Parties are in consideration of the mutual conveniences and agree to enter into this Contract under the terms and conditions set forth as follows…鉴于乙方经营房地产业务,双方考虑相互的便利,同意按下列条款签订本合同。
4. 定语的转换We look forward to an ever-increasing volume of business with your glass factories.我方盼望与你方玻璃厂的交易额日益增高。
三、商务合同中被动语态的翻译1. 将动作的发出者转换为主语This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and Seller, whereby the Buyers agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.买卖双方同意按下列条款购买、出售下述商品,并签订本合同。