if引导的条件状语从句(讲义)
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知识点名:if引导的条件状语从句讲义:if引导的条件状语从句1. if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,既可放在主句前面,也可放在主句后面。
若if条件句放在句首,从句后面常加逗号与主句隔开。
If you go there, I'll go, too.如果你去那儿,我也会去。
My mother will take me to the park if she is free.如果我妈妈有空,她就会带我去公园。
2. 时态运用:在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,主句为下列情形之一的,条件状语从句通常用一般现在时。
(1) 主句是一般将来时,即遵循“主将从现”的原则。
If he comes, he will bring his violin.如果他来,他就会把他的小提琴带来。
(2) 主句是含有情态动词may/might/can/must/should等的句子。
If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread.如果你想减肥,你必须少吃面包。
(3) 主句是祈使句。
If you are not strong enough, please don't take part in such an activity.如果你不是很健壮,请不要参加这种活动。
3. 句型转换:(1) 借助“祈使句+and/or+陈述句(一般将来时)”这一句型来转换。
其中,在句意上and表示顺承;or表示转折,意为“否则”。
If you work hard, you'll pass the exam easily.=Work hard, and you'll pass the exam easily.努力学习,你将很容易通过考试。
Work hard, or you won't pass the exam easily.努力学习,否则你不会轻易地通过考试。
if 引导条件状语从句
摘要:
1.条件状语从句的定义
2.if 引导条件状语从句的语法结构
3.if 引导条件状语从句的用法和实例
正文:
条件状语从句是用来表示一个条件,即如果某个条件成立,那么就会发生某个结果。
在英语中,条件状语从句通常由if 引导。
语法结构:
if + 条件从句(主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分)
主句(主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分)
if 引导条件状语从句的用法和实例:
1.肯定句中的条件状语从句
If it is hot, we will go to the beach.(如果天气热,我们将去海滩。
)
2.否定句中的条件状语从句
If it is not hot, we will go to the park.(如果天气不热,我们将去公园。
)
3.一般疑问句中的条件状语从句
Will you help me if I need your help?(如果我需要你的帮助,你会帮助我吗?)
4.特殊疑问句中的条件状语从句
What will you do if you win the lottery?(如果你中彩票,你会做什么?)
通过以上实例,我们可以看到if 引导条件状语从句在各种句子类型中的用法。
条件状语从句在句子中做条件状语的从句称为条件状语从句。
通常置于句首或句尾。
一.条件状语从句通常由if(), unless(),as long as()引导。
例如If we pay much attention to the earth, we'll have a better world.如果我们多关爱地球,就会拥有一个更美好的世界If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?如果明天下雨,我们怎么办?尝试一下:(补全句子)If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park.______________________________________。
Unless weather stops me, I go for a walk every. 我每天都会去散步,除非遇上坏天气。
只要我们竭尽全力,父母就会满意我们的表现。
Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our best.二、if引导的条件状语从句(1)“if从句+祈使句”的句子。
其实,if作为一个连词,主句也可以是其他形式的句子。
例如:If you want to go, please let me know.If the green light isn’t on, wait for a minute.}()(2)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
注意:A. “祈使句+ and + 陈述句”可以转化为if引导的肯定条件状语从句,而且主语是第二人称。
B. “祈使句+ or + 陈述句”可以转化为if引导的否定条件状语从句,而且主语是第二人称。
例如:Study hard and you will pass the exam. =_________________________________________.Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =__________________________________________________..考题(2010重庆中考)Work hard,________ you may catch up with your classmates soon.A.orB.butC.andD.yet黑色陷阱:本题的陷阱是句型,本句型区别于“祈使句+or”,这个句型的含义是“……,不然的话/否则……”。
总结好的:if引导的条件状语从句if引导的条件状语从句if1) ⽤法:(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导,意为“如果、假如”,主句不能⽤be going to表⽰将来,⽽应该⽤shall,will。
If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (错误)If you leave now, you will never regret it. (正确)(2)if “如果”,引导条件状语从句,主句⽤⼀般将来时,从句则⽤⼀般现在时,如:If it rains tomorrow, I shan’t climb the hills.(3)另外,主句是祈使句或含有情态动词,从句也⽤⼀般现在时。
如:Please call me if he comes next Sunday.Can you call the policeman if you are in the trouble.注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。
宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于whether,引导宾语从句,时态需根据语境确定。
如果主句⽤⼀般现在时,从句可以根据具体情况选⽤时态,如果主句⽤⼀般过去时,从句必须⽤过去式的某种形式。
I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下⾬。
Our teacher said there was going to be a football match the next month.我们说下⽉将有场⾜球⽐赛。
【边学边做】⽤括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. What will you buy if you ________(have)a lot of money?2. If it ________(not snow)tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.3. You mustn’t go to school if you ________(be)still in bed.4. If he _______(be)at home at that time, he would know it.5. Please show me the way if you ________(know)it.6. You will hurt your teeth if you ________(eat)too much candy.7. If you gave me a toy car, I _________(be)very happy.8. I would get the prize if I _________(work)hard.9.If she ______ (finish ) work early ,she ______(go) home.10.If the weather______(be)fine,we_______(go)for a walk .11. If I_____(have) time tonight ,I _______(finish) the book I’m reading.12. If it ______(rain) next weekend , we_______(not be able to ) plant the vegetable .13. If it_______(rain),we______(stay) at home .14.If she______(arrive) ,she _____(phone) me .15. If he_____(call),tell him I’ll ring back .⼆、⽤所给词的适当形式填空1. If you ________(feel) tired, you _________ (have) to have a rest.2. Where _____ he ____(see) the film if he _________(have) time?3. If there ____ (be) fewer trees, there _______ (be) more pollution.4. He ___ (dress) more casually if he ___ (not work) on weekends.5. If Marcia _______ (live) alone, she _______ (keep) a pet parrot.6. Lana _____ (buy) a new dress if the old one ____ (be) out of style.7. The twins _______ (fight) if they__________ (argue).8. I ______ (have) a bake sale if I ____ (need) money for education.9. Peter ____ (send) me a beautiful souvenir if he ____(tour) Spain.10. If Mr. Green _______ (say) I am hard- working, my parents ___ (feel) glad.11. I ______ (go) to the beach if it________ (not rain) this week.12. _____they ___ (have) a match if the P.E. teacher __ (be) busy?13. He ____ (write) a letter to his grandparents if he ____ (get) his report card this week.14. If she ______ (get) up late, she _____ (not catch) the early bus.15. Peter ____ (major) in English if he ____(pass) the exams in Peking University.⼆、完成句⼦1. 他如果看电视太久了,他的⽗母会不⾼兴。
第10讲if 引导条件状语从句1、知晓条件状语从句结构及用法。
2、熟练掌握if引导状语从句的同义转换。
【拓展】if /when 引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。
从句的时态的确定。
A.If B.And C.Be D.Or【答案】A【详解】句意:如果你不快点,你将错过公共汽车。
考查连词辨析。
if如果;and和;be是;or否则。
“you don’t hurry up”是错过公共汽车的条件,用if引导条件状语从句。
故选A。
考点2:if引导条件状语从句时态的确定1.—Would you like to go fishing with me this Sunday?—If it ________, I will go.A.doesn’t rain B.rains C.won’t rain D.didn’t rain【答案】A【详解】句意:——这个星期天你愿意和我一起去钓鱼吗?——如果不下雨,我就去。
考查时态。
if引导的条件状语从句,从句中用一般将来时,主句中用一般现在时,根据“If it..., I will go.”可知,此处表达“不下雨”。
故选A。
2.—What are you going to do this weekend?—We’ll go to have a picnic if it ________.A.rains B.is raining C.doesn’t rain D.won’t rain【答案】C【详解】句意:——这个周末你打算做什么?——如果不下雨,我们将去野餐。
考查条件状语从句。
rains第三人称单数形式;is raining现在进行时;doesn’t rain不下雨,一般现在时态;won’t rain一般将来时。
if引导的条件状语从句,主句一般将来时态,从句一般现在时态。
选项B、D不正确。
根据“We’ll go to have a picnic”可知,从句应该是“如果不下雨”,用否定形式doesn’t rain。
if引导的条件状语一、什么是if引导的条件状语?if引导的条件状语是英语中常用的一种从句,用来表达某种条件下的情况。
这种从句通常由if引导,主句则表达在满足条件时会发生什么事情。
二、if引导的条件状语的使用方法1. if引导的条件状语通常由一个由if引导的从句和一个主句组成。
从句中包含了一个条件,主句则表达了当这个条件满足时会发生什么事情。
例如:If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我就呆在家里。
)2. 在if引导的从句中,通常使用现在时态来表示将来可能发生的情况。
而在主句中,则使用将来时态来表达对未来事件的预测或打算。
例如:If I have time, I will go to the library tomorrow.(如果我有时间,明天我就去图书馆。
)3. 如果从句中使用过去式,则主句中也要使用过去式,以表示虚拟语气。
例如:If I had known about the party, I would have gone.(如果我知道有聚会,我就去了。
)4. 如果从句中使用了“should”或“were to”,则主句中也要相应地使用“would”。
例如:If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我就呆在家里。
)5. 如果从句中使用了“had”,则主句中也要使用“would have”。
例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我学得更努力些,我就能通过考试了。
)三、if引导的条件状语的常见用法1. 表达可能性如果某种情况发生,那么就有可能会发生另一种情况。
例如:If it snows tomorrow, we might go skiing.(如果明天下雪,我们可能会去滑雪。
)2. 表达假设如果某种情况不是事实,但是我们可以用这个假设来探讨一些问题。
if 引导的条件状语从句(讲义)状语用来表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等,通常由副词或介词短语充当,也可由一个句子充当。
I slept at home yesterday because I had a bad cold.状语从句状语从句指句子作状语。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式等从句。
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导。
I will go to school by bike tomorrow if it is sunny.Grammar focus—I think I’ll take the bus to the party.—If you do, you’ll be late.If you take the bus to the party, you’ll be late.—I think I’ll stay at home.—If you do, you’ll be sorry.If you stay at home, you’ll be sorry.—What will happen if they have the party today?—If they have it today, half the class won’t come.—Should we ask people to bring food?—If we ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato chipsand chocolate.1.if 在本单元句中意为“;”,用于引导即 if 引导的是一个完整的句子,所以一定要有主谓,成为从句,另一个句子则成为主句。
If you go there, I’ll go, too.We will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.If Bob leaves tomorrow, I will hold a party for him tonight.2.if 引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句前,也可放在主句后。
if 引导的条件状语从句(讲义)状语用来表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等,通常由副词或介词短语充当,也可由一个句子充当。
I slept at home yesterday because I had a bad cold.状语从句状语从句指句子作状语。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式等从句。
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导。
I will go to school by bike tomorrow if it is sunny.Grammar focus—I think I’ll take the bus to the party.—If you do, you’ll be late.If you take the bus to the party, you’ll be late.—I think I’ll stay at home.—If you do, you’ll be sorry.If you stay at home, you’ll be sorry.—What will happen if they have the party today?—If they have it today, half the class won’t come.—Should we ask people to bring food?—If we ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato chipsand chocolate.1.if 在本单元句中意为“;”,用于引导即 if 引导的是一个完整的句子,所以一定要有主谓,成为从句,另一个句子则成为主句。
If you go there, I’ll go, too.We will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.If Bob leaves tomorrow, I will hold a party for him tonight.2.if 引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句前,也可放在主句后。
If引导的条件状语从句(---状语:动词的八个时态—时间,地点,原因,状态,目的,结果,方式,程度。
修饰v,adj,adv以及全句的句子成分。
如:She studies hard./I’m very tired.---定语:用来修饰,限定,说明n或代词的品质和特征的。
adj,n,数词,代词,介词短语,动词不定式或短语,分词,定语从句或相当于形容词的词,短语都可以作定语。
She is a beautiful girl./two boys.---补语:补充说明述语的结果,程度,趋向,可能,状态,数量等的成分。
如:beat him dead./ kiss me again. )一.定义:条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。
(用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。
作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句)二.结构:if+一般现在时,主语+将来时含义:如果……,将要……例如:If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他,他会帮助你。
三.if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。
条件句表可能,主句多用将来时;条件句表事实,主句常用现在时。
在if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。
如:We will walk there if we can't find a bus .If it rains tomorrow , we will not go to the zoo.What will you do if you find a panda in danger.四.if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件,则主从句大多用一般现在时态。
如:If bears are in danger ,they attack people.注意:在if 引导的条件状语从句中,if 和条件句位置灵活,可直接放在主句后面,若if 条件句放句首,从句后面要加逗号,和主句隔开。
if引导的条件状语从句(讲义)
状语
用来表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等,通常由副词或介词短语充当,也可由一个句子充当。
I slept at home yesterday because I had a bad cold.
状语从句
状语从句指句子作状语。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式等从句。
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导。
I will go to school by bike tomorrow if it is sunny.
Grammar focus
—I think I’ll take the bus to the party.
—If you do, you’ll be late.
If you take the bus to the party, you’ll be late.
—I think I’ll stay at home.
—If you do, you’ll be sorry.
If you stay at home, you’ll be sorry.
—What will happen if they have the party today?
—If they have it today, half the class won’t come.
—Should we ask people to bring food?
—If we ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato chips and chocolate.
1.if在本单元句中意为“________;________”,用于引导_________________。
即if引导的是一个完整的句子,所以一定要有主谓,成为从句,另一个句子则成为主句。
If you go there, I’ll go, too.
We will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
If Bob leaves tomorrow, I will hold a party for him tonight.
2.if引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句前,也可放在主句后。
但是如果放在主句前,即
句首时,从句后面要用______与主句隔开。
You will keep healthy if you do more exercise.
If you do more exercise, you will keep healthy.
3.时态:if引导的条件状语从句用________________表示将来,主句可以使用一般将来时,
含有情态动词的句子或者祈使句。
主将从现
If you practice speaking English more, you will like it better.
If she goes to New York tomorrow, I will go there, too.
My sister will be very happy if our uncle comes next week.
练习:
If Nancy ______ the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.
A. pass
B. passed
C. passes
D. will pass
If the weather ______ fine, we______ have a sports meeting next weekend.
A. will be; will
B. is; will
C. was; would
D. was; will
主情从现
If you get up at six tomorrow morning, you can catch the first bus.
If you go to study in America next year, you must learn English hard.
主祈从现
Let’s go out for a walk if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
If you see a snake in the forest, don’t move!
unless
也可引导条件状语从句,表示“如果不,除非”
Unless he comes here in an hour, I will go there alone.
If he doesn’t come here in an hour, I will go there alone.
You will feel worse unless you go to see the doctor right now.
You will feel worse if you don’t go to see the doctor right now.
练习:
______ you read it, you can’t imagine how interesting the story is.
A. Unless
B. Because
C. Although
D. If
—Please give Alice the story book ________ you see her.
—All right.
A. unless
B. or
C. but
D. if Exercises
一、单项选择
( )1.Studying in groups is necessary ______ you want to do well in school.
A. if
B. until
C. unless
D. though
( )2.—Will you help me with the trouble?
—I won’t ______ you tell me the truth.
A. if
B. but
C. after
D. unless
( )3.If Bob ______ away from the junk food, he will be in good health.
A. stay
B. will stay
C. stays
D. stayed
( )4.If Tom _____ the game, we’ll give him a surprise.
A. win
B. wins
C. won
D. winning
( )5.We’ll go to the park if it _____ tomorrow.
A. won’t rain
B. don’t rain
C. doesn’t rain
D. rain
( )6.If you’re more careful, you ______ much better.
A. do
B. will do
C. are doing
D. did
( )7.If there ______ no buying and selling of animals, there _____ no killing in nature.
A. is; will be
B. will be; will be
C. is; is
D. will be; is
( )8.I’m waiting for my friend. If he _______, I _______ swimming alone.
A. doesn’t come; go
B. won’t come; go
C. won’t come; will go
D. doesn’t come; will go
二、翻译
9.如果明天不下雨,我会去看你的。
If it ______________ tomorrow, I ______________ you.
10.如果Mary不为考试做准备,她会不及格。
If Mary _____________________ the exam, she ______ fail the exam.
11.如果你不告诉我原因,我会告诉妈妈这件事。
_________________________________________________
12.我不会去医院的,除非你和我一起去那儿。
_________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Grammar focus
1.如果;假如;条件状语从句
2.逗号
3.一般现在时
主将从现
练习:
C B
unless
练习:
A D
Exercises
一、单项选择
1-5 ADCBC 6-8 BAD
二、翻译
9.doesn’t rain;will visit
10.doesn’t prepare for; will
11.If y ou don’t tell me the reason, I will tell mom this thing.
12. I won’t go to the hospital unless you go there with me.。