综英课本B2u2

1.单词表‎1, ac‎c ompl‎i shed‎ [ə'‎kʌmpl‎iʃt]‎a dj. ‎完成的；熟‎练的，有技‎巧的；有修‎养的；有学‎问的2,‎adol‎e scen‎t [,‎ædəu'‎l esnt‎]adj‎.青春期‎的；未成熟‎的‎n. 青少‎年 ado‎l esce‎n t he‎a lth ‎青少年健康‎adj.‎青春期的；‎未成熟的‎p uber‎t al, ‎h ebet‎i c n.‎[人类]青‎少年 yo‎u ths,‎teen‎e r3,‎agin‎g ['‎e idʒi‎ŋ]n.‎老化；陈‎化，熟化‎4, ag‎o ny ‎['æɡə‎n i]n‎.苦恼；‎极大的痛苦‎；临死的挣‎扎5, ‎a pt ‎[æpt]‎adj.‎恰当的；‎有…倾向的‎；灵敏的‎6, as‎p ect ‎['æs‎p ekt]‎n. 方‎面；方向；‎形势；外貌‎7, a‎w ait ‎[ə'w‎e it]‎v t. 等‎候，等待；‎期待8,‎blaz‎e r [‎'blei‎zə]n‎.燃烧体‎；宣布者；‎颜色鲜明的‎运动上衣‎9, co‎n tent‎m ent ‎[kən‎'tent‎mənt]‎n. 满‎足；满意‎10, c‎o ntra‎d ict ‎[,kɔ‎n trə'‎d ikt]‎vt. ‎反驳；否定‎；与…矛盾‎；与…抵触‎vi.‎反驳；否‎认；发生矛‎盾11,‎cont‎r ast ‎[kən‎'trɑ:‎s t, -‎'træs‎t, 'k‎ɔntrɑ‎:st, ‎-træs‎t]vi‎.对比；‎形成对照‎vt. ‎使对比；使‎与…对照‎n. 对‎比；差别；‎对照物1‎2, co‎n vinc‎e [k‎ən'vi‎n s]v‎t. 说服‎；使确信，‎使信服1‎3, cr‎i tica‎l ['‎k riti‎kəl]‎a dj. ‎鉴定的；临‎界的；批评‎的，爱挑剔‎的；危险的‎；决定性的‎；评论的‎14, d‎e lay ‎[di'‎l ei]‎v i. 延‎期；耽搁‎vt‎.延期；‎耽搁‎n. 延‎期；耽搁；‎被耽搁或推‎迟的时间‎15, d‎e vil ‎['de‎vəl]‎n. 魔鬼‎；撒旦；家‎伙；恶棍‎vt. ‎折磨16‎, die‎t ['‎d aiət‎]n. ‎饮食；食物‎；规定饮食‎vi.‎节食‎v t. 照‎规定饮食‎17, d‎i stin‎c t [‎d is't‎iŋkt]‎adj.‎明显的；‎独特的；清‎楚的；有区‎别的18‎, fra‎m e [‎f reim‎]n. ‎框架；结构‎；画面‎v t. 设‎计；建造；‎陷害；使…‎适合v‎i. 有成‎功希望‎a dj. ‎有木架的；‎有构架的‎19, f‎r eak ‎[fri‎:k]n‎.怪人，‎怪事；畸形‎人；反复无‎常ad‎j. 奇异‎的，反常的‎20, ‎j og ‎[dʒɔɡ‎]vt.‎慢跑；轻‎推；蹒跚行‎进；使颠簸‎vi.‎慢跑；轻‎推；蹒跚行‎进；颠簸着‎移动n‎.慢跑；‎轻推，轻撞‎21, ‎l anky‎ ['l‎æŋki]‎adj.‎瘦长的‎22, m‎u scul‎a r [‎'mʌsk‎j ulə]‎adj.‎肌肉的；‎肌肉发达的‎；强健的‎23, p‎l ead ‎[pli‎:d]v‎t. 借口‎；为...‎辩护；托称‎vi.‎恳求；辩‎护24,‎prem‎i se ‎[pri'‎m aiz,‎'pre‎m is]‎v t. 引‎出，预先提‎出；作为…‎的前提‎n. 前提‎；上述各项‎；房屋连地‎基vi‎.作出前‎提25,‎purs‎u e [‎pə'sj‎u:, -‎'su:]‎vt. ‎继续；从事‎；追赶；纠‎缠vi‎.追赶；‎继续进行‎26, q‎u irk ‎[kwə‎:k]n‎.怪癖；‎急转；借口‎27, ‎s aint‎ [se‎i nt]‎n. 圣人‎；圣徒；道‎德崇高的人‎adj‎.神圣的‎vt.‎成为圣徒‎28, ‎s anit‎y ['‎sænət‎i]n.‎明智；头‎脑清楚；精‎神健全；通‎情达理2‎9, sl‎i ce ‎[slai‎s]n.‎薄片；部‎分；菜刀，‎火铲v‎t. 切下‎；把…分成‎部分；将…‎切成薄片‎vi. ‎切开；割破‎30, ‎t ailo‎r ['‎t eilə‎]vt.‎剪裁；使‎合适n‎.裁缝‎vi. ‎做裁缝3‎1, te‎e n [‎t i:n]‎n. 青‎少年（等于‎t eena‎g er）；‎愤怒；悲哀‎adj‎.十几岁‎的（等于t‎e enag‎e d）3‎2, un‎-Amer‎i can ‎[,ʌn‎ə'mer‎i kən]‎adj.‎反美的；‎非美国式的‎33, ‎u nset‎t ling‎ [ʌn‎'setl‎iŋ]a‎d j. 使‎人不安的；‎（消息）扰‎乱的v‎.动乱不‎定；心绪不‎宁（uns‎e ttle‎的ing形‎式）34‎, wai‎s t [‎w eist‎]n. ‎腰，腰部‎35, w‎i ry ‎['wai‎əri]‎a dj. ‎金属线制的‎；金属丝般‎的；坚硬的‎；瘦长结实‎的；（噪音‎）尖细的‎36, w‎o rshi‎p ['‎wə:ʃi‎p]n.‎崇拜；礼‎拜；尊敬‎vt. ‎崇拜；尊敬‎；爱慕‎v i. 拜‎神；做礼拜‎37, ‎B e Ob‎s esse‎d Wit‎h3‎8, ke‎e p sc‎o re ‎保留得分‎；在比赛中‎记分39‎, mil‎k sha‎k e‎奶昔（牛奶‎和冰淇淋等‎的混合饮料‎）2.课‎文单词4‎0, co‎n stan‎t ly ‎['kɔn‎s tənt‎l i]a‎d v. 不‎断地；时常‎地41,‎roun‎d [r‎a und]‎n. 圆‎；循环；一‎回合；圆形‎物ad‎j. 圆的‎；完全的；‎大概的；肥‎胖的a‎d v. 在‎周围；迂回‎地；朝反方‎向；挨个‎vt. ‎完成；围捕‎；绕行；弄‎圆vi‎.进展；‎变圆；环行‎；发胖‎p rep.‎附近；绕‎过；大约；‎在…周围‎42, d‎e ny ‎[di'n‎a i]v‎t. 否定‎，否认；拒‎绝给予；拒‎绝…的要求‎vi.‎否认；拒‎绝43,‎emba‎r rass‎e d [‎i m'bæ‎rəst]‎adj.‎尴尬的；‎窘迫的‎v. 使.‎..困窘；‎使...局‎促不安（e‎m barr‎a ss的过‎去分词形式‎）44,‎at t‎h e me‎r cy o‎f受‎…支配4‎5, el‎e ct ‎[i'le‎k t]a‎d j. 选‎出的；当选‎的；卓越的‎n. ‎被选的人；‎特殊阶层；‎上帝的选民‎vt.‎选举；选‎择；推选‎vi. ‎作出选择；‎进行选举‎46, a‎u toma‎t ical‎l y [‎,ɔ:tə‎'mæti‎kəli]‎adv.‎自动地；‎机械地；无‎意识地‎a dj. ‎不经思索的‎47, ‎g lad ‎[ɡlæ‎d]ad‎j. 高兴‎的；乐意的‎；令人高兴‎的；灿烂美‎丽的v‎t. [古‎]使高兴‎48, r‎e fere‎n ce ‎['ref‎ərəns‎]n. ‎参考，参照‎；涉及，提‎及；参考书‎目；介绍信‎；证明书‎vi. ‎引用v‎t. 引用‎49, ‎c eleb‎r ity ‎[si'‎l ebrə‎t i]n‎.名人；‎名声‎。

新一代大学英语综合教程2 教师用书-U21. 引言教师用书是新一代大学英语综合教程2的辅助教材，旨在帮助教师更好地准备和组织教学，提高教学效果。

本教师用书-U2的主要任务是介绍教材U2单元的教学目标、内容和重点，以及提供一些教学建议和活动资源。

通过合理利用本教师用书-U2，教师可以更有针对性地设计教学活动，促进学生的学习兴趣和提高他们的英语综合能力。

2. 教学目标本教材U2单元的教学目标如下： - 通过听力训练，提高学生的听力理解能力； - 通过口语训练，培养学生的口语表达能力； - 通过阅读训练，提升学生的阅读理解能力； - 通过写作训练，提高学生的写作能力； - 通过词汇与语法学习，丰富学生的词汇量和语法知识。

3. 教学内容本教材U2单元的教学内容主要包括以下几个方面： - 听力：通过听取对话和短文，学生可以提高听力理解能力，并掌握一些常用的听力策略和技巧。

- 口语：通过对话练习和角色扮演，学生可以提高口语表达能力和流利度，并且培养与他人进行简单交流的能力。

- 阅读：通过阅读篇章和文章，学生可以提高阅读理解能力，并学习一些阅读策略和技巧。

- 写作：通过写作练习，学生可以提高写作能力，包括写作结构、语言表达和信息组织能力。

- 词汇与语法：通过词汇和语法的学习，学生可以丰富词汇量和掌握一些常用的语法知识，从而提高语言运用能力。

4. 教学建议为了提高教学效果，我们提出以下教学建议： - 针对不同学生的英语水平，设计不同的教学活动，以满足各个学生的学习需求。

- 通过合作学习和小组讨论的形式，培养学生的合作精神和团队合作能力。

- 提供足够的练习机会，例如听力练习、口语练习和写作练习，以加强学生的语言实践能力。

- 鼓励学生独立思考和自主学习，引导他们在课堂之外进行更多的阅读和学习。

- 利用多媒体技术和互联网资源，丰富教学内容，让学生在多种媒介中学习和交流。

5. 活动资源为了方便教师的教学准备，本教师用书-U2还提供了一些活动资源，包括： - 听力材料：收录了教材U2单元的听力材料，供教师在课堂上使用。

Listen and RespondScriptAn InvitationA woman saw three old men sitting in her front yard. She said, “I don’t think I know you, but you must be hungry. Please come in and have something to eat.”“We do not go into a house together,” they replied.“Why is that?” she wanted to know.One of the old men explained: “His name is Wealth, this is Success, and I am Love.” Then he added, “Now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home.”Then the woman went in and told her husband what was said. Her husband said, Let’s invite Wealth. Let him come and fill our home with wealth.” His wife disagrees, “My dear, why don’t we invite Success?” Then the daughter made a suggestion: “Wouldn’t it be better to invite Love? Our home will then be filled with love.”“Let’s take our daughter’s advice,: said the father.So the woman went out and asked, “Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our guest.” Love got up and started walking toward the house. The other two also gut up and followed him. Surprised, the lady asked Wealth and Success: “I only invited Love. Why are you coming in?The old men replied together: “If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us would have stayed out, but since you invited Love, wherever HE goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success.”Task One1)They are Wealth, Success and Love.2)No. because they had different ideas as to what they wanted most.3)Where there is Love, there are Wealth and Success. In other words, love is the essence of ourlife and thus the basis for our pursuit of wealth and success.Task Two1) hungry to eat2) together3) Wealth Success Wouldn’t it be better to invite love4) Love guest5) surprised6)Wealth or Success have stayed outTask OneDiscovering the Main Ideas1.1) No. It is because love is a feeling that can only be felt but cannot be clearly described.2) “Puppy loves” are brief, silly, adventurous but harmless.3) Love takes time to blossom and it takes a lot of understanding, caring, sharing and affection to develop into maturity.4) It was the distance between men and women that helped preserve the holiness of love in the author’s parents’ generation.5) The media have exposed the younger generation to things that have fast paced their sensibilitiesso much that taking things slow requires effort.6) They tend to value physical beauty, closeness, passion and acquiring. The author thinks that they should value inner charm, intimacy, emotion and sharing.Reading between the Lines1.Love is still indispensable to us, even though we are so busy pursuing material things for oureveryday life. For this we should feel grateful.2.These often remind us of those days when people of our parents’ generation were courting. Itwas an era of constraints, restraints, respect, admiration, and plenty of romance. But such an era is gone for ever, for young people today tend to behave differently.3.The younger generation is more selfish: they care too much about what they can get instead ofwhat they can share.4.People in a relationship need to do much more than just sending gifts to their lovers. Moreimportantly, they should devote themselves, heart and soul, to each other.5.After repeatedly experiencing hasty, casual and insensible relationships, we have becomeemotionally tired and confused, so when true love comes we are unable to respond to it with sue enthusiasm, passion and devotion.Checking Y our VocabularyW ord Detective1. 1) engaged2) grief3) manipulate4) agonizing5) maximum6)fascinate7) silverware8) grace2. 1)moist2) fit into3) In the course of4) glory5) overjoyed6)clip7)in vain8) yieldChecking Y our Comprehension1.1) He was dying in bed of a serious disease.2)They were long and large, His fingers were long and square, laced with fine veins all the way to the tips. His nails squared off the ends of his fingers, with clearly defined white edges. He had always taken great care to keep them neat. They were not tough hands; nor soft, either.3) She could feel pure and honest expressions of his love.4) He took very good care of them.5) Her husband held her hands in the most frightening moments of his illnesses and in the deepest, darkest moment of his life.6)She discovered an opened pack of emery boards.7) At the sight of the emery boards, she could not control her grief any longer and broke into tears.8) She felt the clasp was as reassuring as his father’s.21)Holding one of my hands tightly, he expressed his pure love for me as w ell as his wish to be together with me forever.2)I tried to bear in mine what his hands were like because I knew he would soon leave us forever.3) When death was drawing near, he clasped may hands to seek comfort and support from me and to express his pure and deep love for me.4) Since my husband had been using them before he died, L like to use them now so that I could find myself mentally closer to him.5)Even though he had died, my husband’s way of expressing love through his handclasp had been passed down to our son, which was a lasting comfort to me.Optional Classroom Activities2)”Magnificent building” is used to imply that love should be developed in the same way as we build or construct a building. and that, like a building, love should be based on something. “To blossom” is also a metaphor, which implies that love can be as beautiful as a flower but it takes time to have it develop or grow.3)Here “fed” is used metaphorically, meaning that, people of her parents’ generation were taught to pursue love and relationships strictly according to the “ideals”of the time, these ideals nourishing their mental needs much as food does the body.4)”Baggage” is used to indicate the heavy burden that school children have to shoulder when they pursue “purely unemotional relationships.”5)”To forge” implies that relationships are like iron and require plenty of tempering before they become as solid and strong as steel.6)”Frozen” and “icy presence” are used to imply that during the seven-and-a-half months after her husband died, the author had managed to bury the grief for her husband deep down in her heart as if it had turned into something like ice.7)”Was undone” emphasizes the sudden release or outbreak of her grief, as if a knot came loose or untied unexpectedly.Enhance Y our Language AwarenessW ords in ActionW orking with W ords and ExpressionsIncreasing Y our Word PowerGrammar Reviews1.1) Sitting on the stairs was / On the stairs was sitting2)Over the wall came/ flew3) Round the corner was4) Then finally came5) Under the table was lying6) At/On the top of the hill stood2.1)The beaver chews down trees to get food and material to build its home with.2)Do your parents think Tom is a nice boy to go out with?3)The goals for which he has fought all his life seem unimportant to him now.4) NONE5) The essay starts by asking a question, to which the author then gives a positive answer.Translation1.1) In either friendship or love/In both friendship and love , you should never expect to take /receive the maximum while you give the minimum..2) I built all my hopes on his promise, only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.3) We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all out efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease.4) V alentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect day to express love to the object of your/one’s affection.5) In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost/ virtually simultaneous.6)Love takes time, for it is not forged until you have grown used to the other’s company and learned to appreciate the other.2.After dinner, we all sat around the hearth. Aunt Susan was still in the grief of losing Uncle Robert. In soft voice she told us about their past years. Uncle Robert joined the army shortly after they were engaged. Given the critical situation at the time when lots of army men didn’t return alive, you can imagine how much overjoyed Aunt Susan was to see Uncle Robert come back safe and sound from the European battlefield. Then they got married and brought up five children. For all those years, their affection for each other grew stronger in the course of overcoming difficulties and hardships in life. I was fascinated by Uncle Susan’s story, which was totally different from my ideal of love. They practiced giving and sharing in their daily life instead of pursuing passion a nd romance. Amazingly, such love lasted through their whole life. But different peneratTheme-Related WritingSample Essay One:Male-female relations are indispensable to adults all through their lives. But different generations handle them differently. Our parents’generation lived in an era of constraints, restraints respect, admiration, and plenty of romance. They kept a distance from people of the opposite gender in order to preserve the holiness of love and relationships.My generation, on the other hand, began with countless crushes for opposite sex just because of their superficial charm. Harmless as they were, the love was as brief as soap bubbles. As we grew up, we came to the stage of developing real relationships, believing that love demanded a lot of give and not so much of take.By comparison, they younger generation is more open-minded and less restricted in handling the matter of love and relationships. They jump on the bandwagon of love with so much haste that it is difficult for them to distinguish between physical attraction and mental compatibilities.In short, the younger generation focuses more on physical beauty, closeness and passion, and they tend to seek what they want from the relationships. They other two generation give priority to inner charm, intimacy, emotion and sharing in dealing with relationships.Sample Essay Two:In order to know about girl students’ opinion about love and life, a survey with girl students was conducted in 2005 in two universities---Chongqing University of Technology and Business and East China Normal University. The survey sought answers to two questions: What do you look for first in a boyfriend? What’s the most important thing for a happy life?About one third of the student chose personality as the top factor in choosing a boyfriend, followed by 27 percent focusing on abilities. Next came common interests and goals, favored by 17 percent, with only 14 percent of students claiming appearance to be uppermost in their minds. Fewer still, 11 percent, rated economic status as the first consideration.As to their views about a happy life, nearly seventy percent of the girls attached the greatest importance to marriage and family. “Career”was given top priority by just under 20 percent, while even fewer, around 9 percent, believed that money was the key to a happy life.Based on the survey, we may conclude that nowadays, girl students generally hold a rational attitude towards love and life. Admittedly, the improved material conditions of life explain why girls take economic status and money rather lightly. But contrary to the popular view that girls are more concerned about self-development in the workplace and social status, they still regard marriage and family life as central to a happy life.。

新大学英语综合教程2教学参考书u2Unit2Text 1(Open) 1. FLearning English as a Global LanguagePart One Warming UpReadingActivity 1:Activity 2:British English, North American English, Australian English, New Zealand English, South African EnglishActivity 3:2. F3. T4. TText 21. All dialects were created equal and no one version of English lorded it over another.2. Englishes of Ireland and Scotland, of Australia and Jamaica, of Singapore and South Africa, Hong Kong and the United States.3. Mr. Crystal cheers loudly for variety, diversity and equality.4. The Stories of English is a work of impeccable scholarship and could easily serve as a standard textbook for students of linguistics.Viewing/ListeningActivity 1:C 18Unit 2 Learning English as a Global Languageu2.indd 182012.8.14 2:58:01 PMActivity 2:Duration of time 1 2 3 10 years 10 years 20 years Wales Liverpool the south of England PlaceActivity 3:Where they have been brought up. Where they have been. Whom they speak with.Activity 4:1. Because the influence of American mass media like their films and television programs on the British is greater than that of the British media on the American.2. No, it isn’t usually difficult for a native to distinguish between the differences.3. Yes, it is usually difficult for a foreigner to distinguish between the differences.4. No, it isn’t.5. No, it isn’t.Activity 5:1. F2. T3. TScript for Audio 001NEAL CONAN, host. This is TALK O F THE NATION. I’m Neal Conan in Washington. Whether near his home in Wales, roaming other parts of Britain or even further afield, linguist David Crystal always travels with an insatiable curiosity about the English language. He never fails to meet people with distinctive accents or come across towns with unusual names, and takes the time to explore intriguing turns of phrase, whether rooted deep in Anglo-Saxon origins or fresh off a television set. In his new book, “Walking English,” David Crystal hits the road in search of new linguistic experiences from Wales to Lodz in Poland and California’s Silicon Valley. He joins us in a moment to discuss the lilts, words, catchphrases and grammar he found along the way. David Crystal joins us from his home in Holyhead, Wales. And it’s nice to have you back on the program. Mr. DAVIDCRYSTAL (Author, “Walking English”). Hello, Neal, it’s a real pleasure to be back.Learning English as a Global Language Unit 219u2.indd 192012.8.14 2:58:01 PMNEAL CONAN. And to begin with, how do you define your accent? (Soundbite of laughter) Mr. CRYSTAL. I wish I could. Well, you know, an accent reflects where you’ve been, where you’ve been brought up. And most people these days don’t spend their whole lives in one place. So, whereas once upon a time it was quite easy to almost predict where somebody had come from just by listening to them, you listen to somebody like me and what you hear in this voice you’re hearing now is the first 10 years of my life living in Wales - living in Wales it would have been that sort of accent then. And then the next 10 years of my life living in Liverpool, well, everybody knows the Beatles. The Beatles accent, you know. And there was that sort of accent mixed in with it. And then I lived for 20 years down in the south of England and there was a kind of, you know, southern accent that came on top of the other two. And they’ve all mixed together to produce what you’re hearing now. CONAN. And it’s interesting, you say, in part, your accent depends on who y ou’re speaking with. Your children, for example, grew up in this country. Mr. CRYSTAL. Well, it’s - it’s, you know, as you and I might talk now over the next few minutes, I wouldn’t mind betting that my accent became slightly more American than it might ha ve been before. You know, it’s what happens. Accents change in terms of everything. I mean, that’s a good example.My kids, take the word schedule, you know, schedule in America, of course. Now I was brought up to say shed-ule. But all my kids have been influenced by American English. So, they all say, sked-ule. So, when I talk to them, I say sked-ule as well now. So, I got two pronunciations of the word. And this is very typical of the way language is going. CONAN. I - I had the good fortune to live and work in London for four years and it was my contention that an American could get about two-thirds of the way to a British accent before anybody noticed. (Soundbite of laughter) Mr. CRYSTAL. That’s right. And not just in pronunciation but, also in spelling because an awful lot of the American spellings have come into British English now. Yes, that’s right. I mean, it’s all your fault, you see... (Soundbite of laughter) Mr. CRYSTAL. ...you guys, the other side of the pond. You’ve made all the films, you made all the most successful television programs and things like that. And so, inevitably we are more used to your accent than you are to ours. I mean, one day, when British filmmaking becomes as powerful as Hollywood, it might go the other way round. But I can’t see that happening just yet. CONAN. Well, we used to go to the theatre sometimes and we would hear British actors doing Americans accents. In general they’re much better at American accents than we are at British ones. But nevertheless, there used to be something I used to call the I-80 accent because it sort of wandered all the way across the country. (Soundbite of laughter) Mr. CRYSTAL. Yes, that’s right. It’s very difficult actually to pick up the accent differences within a country if you’re not part of that country. CONAN. Mm-hmm. Mr. CRYSTAL. I mean, I’ve been to America several times and I’ve got to know, you know, some of the accent differences, but I still have great difficulty placing accents in a way that you would have no trouble about.And vice-versa. You know, Americans come over to Britain and they - they don’t - they20Unit 2 Learning English as a Global Languageu2.indd 202012.8.14 2:58:01 PMget the main accents, like say, Scottish English or something like that... CONAN. Mm-hmm. Mr. CR YSTAL. But it’s very difficult to really put your finger on some of the more subtle differences. CONAN. I was astonished to learn that English people had a hard time differentiating between American and Canadian accents. And indeed, they found it curious t hat I couldn’t tell the difference between Kiwis and Aussies. Mr. CRYSTAL. Yeah, that’s right. CONAN. Yeah. Mr. CRYSTAL. I think most people would be completely unclear about the difference between U.S. and Canadian English. I mean, there are some very clear differences, like the Canadian, you know, house, which you just don’t get the other side of - your side of the border. But most British people just wouldn’t hear it.Part Two Initializing the ProjectReadingActivity 1:Things to be crossed out are. The total number of pages To whom the author of the report would recommend the book Activity 2:2. The publisher and the publication date: Bantam Books, 1971.3. The book author’s name: Maya Angelou4. The biographical information about the author: A dancer, poet, and television producer as well as a writer, has continued her life storyin three more volumes of autobiography. I know Why the Caged Bird Sings is the start of Maya Angelou’s story. 5. The genre of the book: Autobiography. 6. The main idea of the book: She writes about the pains and joys of being black in America. 7. Quotations from the book: The first quotation—“People in Stamps used to say that the whites in our town were so prejudiced that a Negro couldn’t buy vanilla ice cream”. 8. The merits of the book: I was impressed by the vividness of Maya Angelou’s writing style. 9. Whether the author would recommend the book: I know Why the Caged Bird Sings is a remarkable book.Learning English as a Global Language Unit 221u2.indd 212012.8.14 2:58:02 PMActivity 3:Paragraphs Part One Part Two Part Three Part Four Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3-5 Paragraph 6 Introduction Summary of the book The reaction of the book report’s author to the work Conclusion Main IdeaActivity 4:(Open)Viewing/ListeningActivity 1:1. content2. word processing software program3. take notes4. creative title5. the author’s name6. the title of the book7. the number of pages8. summarize9. plot 10. subject 11. the setting 12. thesis statement 13. opinion 14. recommend the book 15. recommend it toActivity 2:1. T2. F3. T4. T22Unit 2 Learning English as a Global Languageu2.indd 222012.8.14 2:58:02 PMScript for Video 001How to write a book report? A book report summarizes the content of a book and is typically assigned in grades K to 12. You will need a book and a word processing software Step One. Read the book and take notes. Write down the names of major characters, the main ideas of the book and any memorable quotes. Step Two. Give the book report a creative title that includes the name of the book. Step Three. Begin the report with an engaging introductory paragraph that includes the author’s name, the title of the book, whether it is fiction or non-fiction, the genre and the number of pages. Include biographical information about the author that helps explain the book. Step Four. Summarize the book in the next paragraph. Give a brief overlook of the plot, the main characters, the subject of the book and the setting. Step Five. Give a brief analysis on the subject of the book in the next paragraph. Write about the author’s point of view of the subjuct; also known as the thesis statement. Follow your teacher’s guidelines on how in-depth the book report should be. Step Six. State your opinion in the next paragraph. Use concrete examples such as quotes or specific details to explain why you liked or disliked the book. Step Seven. Conclude the report with a paragraph on whether you would recommend the book and who you would recommend it to.Part Three Exploring the Field主课文参考译文：漫步英语如果你是在历史上受英国影响显著的地方学习英语，那你所学会的英语将带明显的英国特征。

新世纪大学英语综合教程讲稿（B2U2）（1）新世纪大学英语综合教程Book 2 Unit 2 The Value of LifeTeaching PlanTeaching ObjectivesStudents will be able to:1.Get a better idea about the true value of life2.Be familiar with the structure and content of the text3．Grasp some key words and useful expressionsTime Allotment1st period: Pre-reading activities and Reading Activities of Text A2nd period: Reading activities and After-reading Activities of Text A3rd period: Revision of Text A and assignment checking4th period: Detailed study of text BPeriod 1:Pre-reading activities and Reading Activities of Text A◆Group Discussions: students are given 5’ to discuss the following two questionsand then select a speaker to make a short report on their findings.(1) What do you appreciate the most in the world?(2) What can you do to make your life more valuable and meaningful?After the reports, the teacher concludes their findings and introduces the value of life.◆Reading ActivitiesDirections: Read Paragraphs 1 - 5 and answer the followingquestions.1. Why does Helen Keller think that it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow?2. According to Helen Keller, what is the right way to live each day?3. What does Helen Keller mean by saying that most of us take life for granted?4. What does Helen Keller think of the attitude that most of us adopt towards our faculties and senses?Directions: Read Paragraphs 6-10 to see whether the following statements are true or false.1. People are blessed if they are stricken blind and deaf.2. Helen showed disbelief when her friend said she had seen nothing particular duringa long walk in the woods.3. Helen thought that she “saw”more things than the seeing people just through touch.4. Blind as she was, Helen was more sensitive to the world than us healthy people.5. The seeing should make better use of sight to add fullness to life.3. After the general understanding of the passage, students are required to find the main ideas of each partPart 1 (1-4) Most of us take life for granted. The author suggests that we live each day with gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation as if we should die tomorrow.Part 2 (5-10) we should also make full use of our faculties and senses so as to live afuller and richer life.Period 2-Period 3Reading activities and After-reading Activities of Text AReading ActivitiesPara 1-3Underlining good usage: as long as a year/as short as twenty-four hours/speak of free men/sphere of activities/strictly confined/such stories set us thinking/under similar circumstances/crowd intoKey words and expressions:1)Condemn: e.g. he was found guilty and condemned to death.2)Set sb doing sth: e.g. anything could set me laughing in those days when I felt sohappy with my life and work.3)Under …circumstances: e.g. under no circumstances should you lend Paul anymoney.4)Stretch: e.g. endless hot summer days stretched out before us.Para4-5Underlining good usage: take life for granted/picture that day as far as in the future/days stretched out endlessly/apply to/suffered loss of sight/it is the same old story ofKey words and expressions;1)take …for granted: e.g. her husband did all the housework, and she just took it forgranted.2)Picture: e.g. she pictured herself at school in a foreign country.Picture sb or sth as: she’s been pictured as a difficult, demanding woman.3)The same old story: e.g. it’s the same old story for Brazil heading into next year’sworld cup finals: everyone is aiming for the five-time champions.Para 6-8Underlining good usage: stricken blind/make him more appreciative of sight/nothing in particular/worthy of note/delicate symmetry of a leaf/something of the miracle of the Nature is revealed to me/the happy quiver of the bird in full song/delighted to have cool waters of a brook rush through my open fingers/a thrilling and unending dramaKey words and expressions:1)worthy of: e.g. these points are worthy of your attention.2)Sign: e.g. call the police at the first sight of the trouble.3)Reveal: e.g. his letters reveal a different side of her personality.4)Stream: e.g. Tears streamed from her eys.Para 9-10:Underlining good usage: at times my heart cries out with longing/get much pleasure from/as a meanings of adding fullness to life.◆After-reading ActivitiesAsk Ss to talk about what they would do if they only had one week left to live. and provide some help during their discussion◆Assignment1)Ask Ss to recite one of their favorite part of the text2)Ask Ss to finish the exercise after the text.Period 4:Revision of Text A and assignment checkingDetailed study of text B◆Ask students to read the text and figure out the main idea of the text◆The teacher put forward several questions and asks students to find theinformation contained in the text1)what was the author thinking about sitting in the training?2)In her dream, what was her father doing?3)Can her father help her with the debt?4)To whom does the author owe her first debt of gratitude?5)What is the author’s biggest debt? Why is it so?6)What is the father’s final comment on all her debt of gratitude?◆Discuss the exercises of Text B。

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第2单元课文讲解全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第2单元课文讲解导语：每个人的价值观念有所不同，但是物体的价值却是相似的，下面是一篇关于价值的英语课文，欢迎大家来学习。

ValuesPart I Pre-Reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Who is it about?2. What happened to him one day?3. Do you think it was worthwhile to walk two or three miles to pay back the six and a quarter cents?4. Is the story related to the theme of the unit — values?The following words in the recording may be new to you:dismayn. 沮丧，失望disturbvt. 使不安conscientiousa. 认真的，尽职的Part IITextDoes being rich mean you live a completely different life from ordinary people? Not, it seems, if your name is Sam Walton.THE RICHEST MAN IN AMERICA, DOWN HOMEArt HarrisHe put on a dinner jacket to serve as a waiter at the birthday party of The Richest Man in America. He imagined what surely awaited: a mansion, a "Rolls-Royce for every day of the week,"dogs with diamond collars, servants everywhere.Then he was off to the house, wheeling past the sleepy town square in Bentonville, a remote Arkansas town of 9,920, where Sam Walton started with a little dime store that grew into a $6 billion discount chain called Wal-Mart. He drove down a country road, turned at a mailbox marked "Sam and Helen Walton," and jumped out at a house in the woods.It was nice, but no palace. The furniture appeared a little worn. An old pickup truck sat in the garage and a muddy bird dog ran about the yard. He never spotted any servants."It was a real disappointment," sighs waiter Jamie Beaulieu.Only in America can a billionaire carry on like plain folks and get away with it. And the 67-year-old discount king Sam Moore Walton still travels these windy back roads in his 1979 Ford pickup, red and white, bird dogs by his side, and, come shooting season, waits in line like everyone else to buy shells at the local Wal-Mart."He doesn't want any special treatment," says night manager Johnny Baker, who struggles to call the boss by his first name as a recent corporate memo commands. Few here think of his billions; they call him "Mr. Sam" and accept his folksy ways. "He's the same man who opened his dime store on the square and worked 18 hours a day for his dream," says Mayor Richard Hoback.By all accounts, he's friendly, cheerful, a fine neighbor who does his best to blend in, never flashy, never throwing his weight around.No matter how big a time he had on Saturday night, you can find him in church on Sunday. Surely in a reserved seat, right? "We don't have reserved seats," says Gordon Garlington III,pastor of the local church.So where does The Richest Man in America sit? Wherever he finds a seat. "Look, he's just not that way. He doesn't have a set place. At a church supper the other night, he and his wife were in back washing dishes."For 19 years, he's used the same barber. John Mayhall finds him waiting when he opens up at 7 a.m. He chats about the national news, or reads in his chair, perhaps the Benton County Daily Democrat, another Walton property that keeps him off the front page. It buried the Forbes list at the bottom of page 2."He's just not a front-page person," a newspaper employee explains.But one recent morning, The Richest Man in America did something that would have made headlines any where in the world: He forgot his money. "I said, 'Forget it, take care of it next time,'" says barber Mayhall. "But he said, 'No, I'll get it,' and he went home for his wallet."Wasn't that, well, a little strange? "No sir," says Mayhall, "the only thing strange about Sam Walton is that he isn't strange."But just how long Walton can hold firm to his folksy habits with celebrity hunters keeping following him wherever he goes is anyone's guess. Ever since Forbes magazine pronounced him America's richest man, with $2.8 billion in Wal-Mart stock, he's been a rich man on the run, steering clear of reporters, dreamers, and schemers."He may be the richest by Forbes rankings," says corporate affairs director Jim Von Gremp, "but he doesn't know whether he is or not — and he doesn't care. He doesn't spend much. He owns stock, but he's always left it in the company so it could grow. But the real story in his mind is the success achieved by the 100,000people who make up the Wal-Mart team."He's usually back home for Friday sales meetings, or the executive pep rally Saturday morning at 7 a.m., when Walton, as he does at new store openings, is liable to jump up on a chair and lead everyone in the Wal-Mart cheer: "Give me a W! Give me an A! Give me an L! Louder!"And louder they yell. No one admits to feeling the least bit silly. It's all part of the Wal-Mart way of life as laid down by Sam: loyalty, hard work, long hours; get ideas into the system from the bottom up, Japanese-style; treat your people right; cut prices and margins to the bone and sleep well at night. Employees with one year on board qualify for stock options, and are urged to buy all they can.After the pep rally, there's bird hunting, or tennis on his backyard court. But his stores are always on his mind. One tennis guest managed to put him off his game by asking why a can of balls cost more in one Wal-Mart than another. It turned out to be untrue, but the move worked. Walton lost four straight games.Walton set up a college scholarship fund for employees' children, a disaster relief fund to rebuild employee homes damaged by fires, floods, tornadoes, and the like. He believed in cultivating ideas and rewarding success."He'd say, 'That fellow worked hard, let's give him a little extra,'" recalls retired president Ferold F. Arend, who was stunned at such generosity after the stingy employer he left to join Wal-Mart. "I had to change my way of thinking when I came aboard.""The reason for our success," says Walton, in a company handout, "is our people and the way they're treated and the way they feel about their company. They believe things are different here, but they deserve the credit."Adds company lawyer Jim Hendren: "I've never seen anyone yet who worked for him or was around him for any length of time who wasn't better off. And I don't mean just financially, although a lot of people are. It's just something about him — coming into contact with Sam Walton just makes you a better person." New Words and Expressionsmansion▲n. a large house, usu. belonging to a rich person (豪华的)宅邸，大厦remotea. far away in space or time 遥远的dimen. (美国、加拿大的)10分硬币billionnum.(美、法)十亿;(英、德)万亿discountn. amount of money which may be taken off the full price 折扣pickupn. a light van having an open body with low sides 小卡车，轻型货车muddy▲a. covered in mud 沾满泥的;泥泞的sighvi. 叹气，叹息billionairen. 亿万富翁;大富翁carry onbehave in a wild or improper way; conduct; continue 举止随便;进行;继续做folkn. (usu.pl) people in general 人们;人民get away withdo (sth.) without being caught or punished 做(某事)而未被发觉或未受惩罚shelln. (AmE) 枪弹;炮弹;壳locala. of a particular place 地方的，当地的treatmentn. 对待;待遇corporate▲a. 公司的memo▲n. a note of sth. to be remembered 备忘录folksya. simple and friendly 友好的'，坦率的mayorn. 市长by/from all accountsaccording to what everyone says 人人都说cheerfula. (of a person) happy in a lively way; (of sth.) making one feel happy 愉快的;令人愉快的blendv. mix together thoroughly (将…)混合blend inmix harmoniously 融洽，十分协调flashya. attracting attention by being too smart and decorated 浮华的，华而不实的throw one's weight around(infml) 盛气凌人reservevt. keep for a special use; book (a seat, room, table, etc.) 将…留作专用;预定pastorn. 牧师barbern. 理发师open up(infml) 开门;打开democratn. 民主党人;民主主义者employeen. 雇员，受雇者headlinen. (报纸上的)标题wallet▲n. 皮夹子hold tokeep to 遵守，不改变celebrityn. famous person 名人stockn. 资本;股票，证券on the runin flight; continuously active 奔逃，逃避;忙个不停steerv. 驾驶steer clear ofkeep away from 避开，避免reportern. 记者schemern. 阴谋家schemen. 阴谋;计划rankingn. 地位;等级rankv. (将…)列为(某等级)make upform, constitute 构成，组成executiven., a. 经营管理方面的(人员);行政方面的(人员)pepn. (infml) keen activity and energy 劲头，活力rallyn., v. 集会pep rallya gathering intended to encourage the listeners 鼓舞士气的会议openingn. the act of becoming or making open, esp. officially (正式的)开张，开幕liablea. likely (to do sht.) 有可能做…的yell▲v. shout loudly 喊叫lay downestablish 制定;设立loyaltyn. being true and faithful (to) 忠诚systemn. 系统qualifyv. (使)具有资格optionn. 期权，购买(或出售)权;选择自由stock option优先认股权courtn. 球场scholarshipn. 奖学金tornadon. 龙卷风cultivatevt. improve by care, training or study; develop 培养，陶冶rewardv. give (sth.) to sb. in return for work or services 奖赏retireda. (of a person) having stopped working, usu. because of age 退休了的retirev. (使)退休stun▲vt. make (sb.) very surprised 使惊吓generosityn. the quality of being willing to give money, help, etc. 慷慨，大方stingya. unwilling to spend money 吝啬的employern. 雇佣者，雇主aboardadv., prep. on or into (a ship, train, aircraft, bus, etc.) 在(船、车、飞机等)上come aboard(fig) become a new member of an organization 入伙，加盟handoutn. information given out in the form of a printed sheet, leaflet 印刷品，宣传品deservevt. be worthy of 应受，值得Proper NamesArt Harris阿特·哈里斯Rolls-Royce罗尔斯-罗伊斯汽车Bentonville本顿维尔(美国地名)Arkansas(美国)阿肯色州Sam Moore Walton萨姆·穆尔·沃尔顿Wal-Mart沃尔玛公司Jamie Beaulieu杰米·鲍尤Ford福特汽车Johnny Baker乔尼·贝克Richard Hoback理查德·霍巴克Gordon Garlington III戈登·加林顿第三Mayhall梅霍Benton County本顿县(美国地名)Forbes福布斯(杂志名)Jim Von Gremp吉姆·冯·格雷姆普Ferold F·Arend费罗尔德·F·阿伦德Jim Hendren吉姆·亨德伦Language Sense Enhancement1. Read aloud paragraphs 19-22 and learn them by heart.2. Read aloud the following poem:I'm nobody! Who are you?Emily DickinsonI'm nobody! Who are you?Are you nobody, too?Then there's a pair of us — don't tell!They'd advertise — you Know!How dreary to be somebody!How public like a frogTo tell one's name the livelong dayTo an admiring bog!3. Read the following quotations. Learn them by heart if you can. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.One should eat to live, not live to eat.—— Benjamin FranklinThat man is the richest whose pleasures are the cheapest.—— Henry David ThoreauIf money is your hope for independence you will never have it. The only real security that a man will have in this world is a reserve of knowledge, experience, and ability.—— Henry FordTo travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive, and the true success is to labor.—— Robert Louis Stevenson4. Read the following humorous story for fun. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.The elderly gamekeeper of a Scottish estate suffered from fading eyesight, and the lord of the manor offered to send him to London to see an eye specialist. Before he left, however, he was given strict instructions to spend his money thriftily and to live as he would at home.When the keeper returned a week later, he presented the lord with a bill for more than ￡1000. Shocked, the lord asked what he had been living on in London."Oh, the usual, sir," came the reply. "Pheasant, salmon, grouse and venison."。

U2B2iExplore 1Try IT OutBefore learning this unit, you might have some knowledge of how to give a presentation. Look at the following task, please take some notes and try it out.Giving a presentation: A comparison between Chinese and Western paintings● Talking about Mona Lisa, what pops out first in your mind? And in your opinion, what makes it such an influential piece?● What is your knowledge of Chinese painting, its subj ect matter, painting techniques, painting tools, and art perceptions?● What are the similarities or / and differences between Chinese and Western paintings in the aspects mentioned above? You can choose one of them and develop your ideas.● Why do such si milarities or / and differences exist between Chinese and Western paintings?Demystifying Mona LisaE. H. Gombrich1 There is a work of Leonardo's which is perhaps even more famous than The Last Supper.2 It is the portrait of a Florentine lady whose name was Lisa, "Mona Lisa." A fame as great as that of Leonardo's Mona Lisa is not an unmixed blessing for a work of art. We become so used to seeing it on picture postcards, and even advertisements, that we find it difficult to see it with fresh eyes as the painting by a real man portraying a real woman of flesh and blood. But it is worthwhile to forget what we know, or believe we know, about the picture, and to look at it as if we were the first people ever to set eyes on it.3 What strikes us first is the amazing degree to which Lisa looks alive. She really seems to look at us and to have a mind of her own. Like a living being, she seems to change before our eyes and to looka little different every time we come back to her. Even in photographs of the picture we experience this strange effect, but in front of the original in the Louvre it is almost uncanny. Sometimes she seems to mock us, and then again we seem to catch something like sadness in her smile. All this sounds rather mysterious, and so it is; that is so often the effect of a great work of art. Nevertheless, Leonardo certainly knew how he achieved this effect, and by what means.4 That great observer of nature knew more about the way we use our eyes than anybody who had ever lived before him.He had clearly seen a problem which the conquest of nature had posed to artists — a problem no less intricate than the one of combining correct drawing with a harmonious composition. The great works of the Italian Quattrocento masters who followed the lead given by Masaccio have one thing in common: Their figures look somewhat hard and harsh, almost wooden. The strange thing is that it clearly is not lack of patience or lack of knowledge that is responsible for this effect. No one could be more patient in his imitation of nature than Van Eyck; no one could know more about correct drawing and perspective than Mantegna. And yet, for all the grandeur and impressiveness of their representations of nature, their figures look more like statues than any living being. The reason may be that the more conscientiously we copy a figure line by line and detail by detail, the less we can imagine that it ever really moved and breathed. It looks as if the painter had suddenly cast a spell over it, and forced it to stand stock-still for evermore, like the people in "The Sleeping Beauty." Artists had tried various ways out of this difficulty. Botticelli,for instance, had tried to emphasize in his picture the waving hair and the fluttering garments of his figures, to make them look less rigid in outline. But only Leonardo found the true solution to the problem. The painter must leave the beholder something to guess. If the outlines are not quite so firmly drawn, if the form is left a little vague, as though disappearing into a shadow, this impression of dryness and stiffness will be avoided. This is Leonardo's famous invention which the Italians call "sfumato" — the blurred outline and mellowed colors that allow one form to merge with another and always leave something to our imagination.5 If we now return to the Mona Lisa, we may understand something ofits mysterious effect. We see that Leonardo has used the means of his "sfumato" with the utmost deliberation. Everyone who has ever tried to draw or scribble a face knows that what we call its expression rests mainly in two features: the corners of the mouth, and thecorners of the eyes. Now it is precisely these parts which Leonardo has left deliberately indistinct, by letting them merge into a soft shadow. That is why we are never quite certain in what mood Mona Lisa is really looking at us. Her expression always seems just to elude us. It is not only behind it. Leonardo has done a very daring thing, which perhaps only a painter of his consummate mastery could risk. If we look carefully at the picture, we see that the two sides do not quite match. This is most obvious in the fantastic dream landscape in the background. The horizon on the left side seems to lie much lower than the one on the right. Consequently, when we focus on the left side of the picture, the woman looks somehow taller or more erect than if we focus on the right side. And her face, too, seems to change with this change of position, because, even here, the two sides do not quite match. But with all these sophisticated tricks, Leonardo might have produced a clever piece of jugglery rather than a great work of art, had he not known exactly how far he could go, and had he not counterbalanced his daring deviation from nature by an almost miraculous rendering of the living flesh. Look at the way in which he modeled the hand, or the sleeves with their minute folds. Leonardo could be as painstaking as any of his forerunners in the patient observation of nature. Only he was no longer merely the faithful servant of the nature. Long ago, in the distant past, people had looked at portraits with awe, because they had thought that in preserving the likeness the artist could somehow preserve the soul of the person he portrayed. Now the great scientist, Leonardo, had made some of the dreams and fears of these first image-makers come true. He knew the spell which would infuse life into the colors spread by his magic brush.Language Points:1. Even in photographs of the picture we experience this strange effect, but in front of the original in the Louvre it is almost uncanny. (Para. 3, Sentence 4)uncanny: a. very strange and difficult to explain 离奇的；不可思议的e.g. His powers of observation were uncanny.2. He had clearly seen a problem which the conquest of nature had posed to artists — a problem no less intricate than the one of combining correct drawing with a harmonious composition. (Para. 4, Sentence 2)1) conquest: n. [U] when you gain control of or deal successfully with something that is difficult or dangerous （对艰难、危险事物的）攻克，征服e.g. The conquest of this rare disease has always been her aim.2) intricate: a. very complicated and difficult to understand or learn 复杂难解的e.g. The plot of the novel is intricate and fascinating.3. And yet, for all the grandeur and impressiveness of their representations of nature, their figures look more like statues than any living being. (Para. 4, Sentence 6)grandeur: n. [U] impressive beauty, power or size 壮丽；雄伟e.g. The painting shows the grandeur of the royal palace.This sentence can be paraphrased like this: In spite of the grandness and magnificence displayed in their faithful imitation of nature, their figures look more like statues, which lack vitality, than any living being.4. The reason may be that the more conscientiously we copy a figure line by line and detail by detail, the less we can imagine that it ever really moved and breathed. (Para. 4, Sentence 7) conscientiously: ad. carefully when doing something that is your job or duty to do 勤勉认真地；细心负责地e.g. The devoted minister carried out her duties conscientiously.In this sentence, the structure "the more … the less / more …" is used to say that if an amount of something increases, another change happens as a result.5. This is Leonard's famous invention which the Italians call "sfumato" — the blurred outline and mellowed colors that allow one form to merge with another and always leave something to our imagination. (Para. 4, Sentence 14)1) merge with: if two things merge, or merge with each other, you cannot clearly see them, hear them, etc. as separate things 相融；融入e.g. Memories seemed to merge with reality.2) leave sth. to sb.'s imagination: let someone imagine what is being conveyed 为……留下想象空间e.g. The writer decided not to explain the theme, but to leave the theme to the readers' imagination.6. Everyone who has ever tried to draw or scribble a face knows that what we call its expression rests mainly in two features: the corners of the mouth, and the corners of the eyes. (Para. 5, Sentence 3)1) scribble: vt. to write something quickly and untidily 潦草地写；乱画e.g. I scribbled his phone number in my address book.2) rest in: lie in 在于e.g. Many employees' satisfaction rests in the kind of pride stimulated by the job.7. Leonardo has done a very daring thing, which perhaps only apainter of his consummate mastery could risk. (Para. 5, Sentence 8) consummate: a. showing a lot of skill 技艺高超的e.g. He won the race with consummate ease.8. But with all these sophisticated tricks, Leonardo might have produced a clever piece of jugglery rather than a great work of art, had he not known exactly how far he could go, and had he not counterbalanced his daring deviation from nature by an almost miraculous rendering of the living flesh. (Para. 5, Sentence 14)1) jugglery: n. [C] artful trickery designed to achieve an end 玩花招；欺骗e.g. No party could survive such a record of political trickery and financial jugglery.2) counterbalance: vt. to have an equal and opposite effect to something such as a change, feeling, etc. 使平衡；抵消e.g. Riskier investments tend to be counterbalanced by high rewards. This sentence can be paraphrased like this: But with all these complicated skills, people were likely to play some artful tricks in painting, not to produce a masterpiece. But fortunately Leonardo knew exactly to what extent he could go, and he presented the portrait with such miraculous vitality that his bold step of not following the tradition didn't become an issue.此句为虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。