可再生能源分布式微网电源规划方法及应用

ն. ଢభᇶေᆌؓӈܿିჷ‫׈‬ჷ֥ܿ߃ႋႨ, ު౗‫ٳ ۽‬༅. ᄎႨෘ‫م‬ᆌؓ‫҃ٳ֛ݚ‬ൔັຩ༢๤ቔਔσ২
ӱ࿐ჽ֥໱มม֩ҐႨၖಕෘ‫҃ٳؓؿ‬ൔ‫׈‬ჷ֥‫ܛ‬ ৫༢๤ቔਔܿ߃ฐ෬[6], ԢՎຓ, ؓ‫؟‬ᇕॖᄜളିჷ
࠹ෘ, ֤ԛਔऎႵҕॉၩၬ֥ࢲં. ၛ༯൞ັຩ༢๤ ֥ࠎЧቆӮჰ৘:
๭ 1 ‫҃ٳ‬ൔັຩ༢๤ჰ৘ Fig. 1 Distributed micro-grid system principle
ֻ 27 जֻ 5 ௹ 2010 ୍ 5 ᄅ
໓ᅣщ‫ݼ‬: 1000−8152(2010)05−0675−06
॥ᇅ৘ંაႋႨ
Control Theory & Applications
Vol. 27 No. 5 May 2010
ॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔັຩ‫׈‬ჷܿ߃ٚ‫ࠣم‬ႋႨ
ൽ ࢭ1,2, ᅦ༵Ⴇ2, ഫზਃ1, ໱ӄ‫ޡ‬2
ଢభ, ॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔ‫ັ׈ؿ‬ຩຉ௪ࢲ‫ܒ‬aັ ຩѩຩᄎྛ॥ᇅaັຩ֥ିਈܵ৘ࠣ‫ט‬؇Ҧ੻aັ ຩჹӱൌൈࡓ॥aັຩѩຩؓն‫׈‬ຩ֥႕ཙaັຩ ֥‫ି׈‬ᇉਈ॥ᇅࠣࣜ࠶ᄎྛ֩໙ี֥࿹࣮ᄝ‫ݓ‬ଽߎ ‫ޓ‬Њ೐, ԩႿఏ҄ࢨ‫؍‬. ࢳथॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔ‫׈ؿ‬ აັຩᄎྛཌྷܱ֥ࠎԤ৘ં໙ี, ؓ՜ࣉॖᄜളି ჷ֥նܿଆིۚࠢӮ০Ⴈa๷‫׮‬໡‫ି؟ݓ‬ჷᅞ੻ଢ ѓ֥ൌགྷ, ၩၬᇗն. ‫࠽ݓ‬ഈ, ၂Ϯಪູ‫҃ٳ‬ൔັຩ ༢๤֥ልࠏಸਈᄝࠫ൅తຐ֞20ᅸຐᆭࡗ, മᇀߎ ॖၛնུ[3].
൬۠ರ௹: 2009−09−14; ൬ྩ‫۠ڿ‬ರ௹: 2010−03−16. ࠎࣁཛଢ: ܼ‫ת‬സሱಖ॓࿐ࠎࣁሧᇹཛଢ(8151007006000005).
2015∼2020୍ ൞ ູ ັ ‫ ׈‬ຩ ࠯ ඌ ֥ ႋ Ⴈ ‫ ؿ‬ᅚ ௹[1,2]. 2009୍, ྍ಩ૅ‫ݓ‬ሹ๤ύϘઔႻิԛਔᄝૅ‫ؿݓ‬ ᅚᇆି‫׈‬ຩ֥Ӑၰ, ѩն৯๷‫ؿ׮‬ᅚॖᄜളିჷ֥ ௴ࠣ০Ⴈ. ັ‫׈‬ຩ(Ⴛӫoັຩp)൞ᇆି‫׈‬ຩ֥ᇗ ေቆӮ҆‫ٳ‬, 2009୍, ᇏ‫္ݓ‬ष൓ᇅ‫ק‬ᇆି‫׈‬ຩ‫ؿ‬ᅚ ࠹߃.
designing for micro-grid based on distributed renewable energy
SHU Jie1,2, ZHANG Xian-yong2, SHEN Yu-liang1, WU Chang-hong2
(1. Institute of Power Electronics and Control Technology, SUN Yat-SEN University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510275, China; 2. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China)
ೆӁԛб(‫ིٮ‬б), ࠧֆ໊؇‫֥׈‬ളӁࡎ۬. Ԣਔ ડቀ‫׈‬৯ླ౰a๧ሧቋ֮ቔູෘ‫م‬൬৻஑؎่ࡱ ຓ, ߎႋॉҳః‫ੱིٮ‬, ࡼఃቔູ൬৻֥ᇗေ஑؎ ่ࡱ, ‫ིٮ‬б௹ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱᆴ൞۴ऌࡹഡ௹֥ॖᄜളିჷ ഡСࡎ۬aັຩႋႨֹ౵֥Ⴈ޼ൌ࠽‫׈‬৯ࡎ۬ሸ ‫ކ‬ᇅ‫ק‬.
2.2 ᄎྛჿඏ่ࡱ(Restraint condition)
ॖᄜളିჷ‫׈ؿ‬ႵљႿԮ๤֥ࠅ‫׈‬აඣ‫׈‬, ఃট ჷऎႵ‫఼֥ޓ‬٤ཌྟ‫ބ‬҂ಒ‫ྟק‬. Ч໓۴ऌ෾ဝି ܻ‫ڙ‬a‫׈ؿିڄ‬หྟ, ၛັຩ༢๤ିჷ௜‫ޙ‬॥ᇅaॖ ᄜളିჷ‫׈ؿ‬ቋն߄০Ⴈaሸ‫ކ‬๧ሧӮЧቋࣜ࠶ቔ ູൡႋ؇‫ݦ‬ඔ, ѩࡹ৫ັຩᄎྛ॥ᇅჿඏ่ࡱ, ؓ෾
‫׈‬ჷܿ߃൞ັຩࡹഡ֥భ௹ࠎԤ‫۽‬ቔ, ၩၬᇗ ဝିa‫҃ٳିڄ‬ൔັຩ‫׈‬ჷቋࡄ௄஥ഡ࠹ቔਔෘ২
2 ັ ຩ ‫ ׈‬ჷ ଆ ྘ ࡹ ৫(Modeling of power sources for micro-grid)
2.1 ଢ ѓ ‫ ݦ‬ඔ ࠣ ൡ ႋ ؇ ‫ ݦ‬ඔ(Objective function and fitness function)
෾ဝିa‫֩ିڄ‬ॖᄜളିჷሧჷऎႵ఼֥ෛࠏ ྟ‫ބ‬҂ಒ‫ྟק‬, ູਔ‫ܙ‬ෘః‫׈ؿ‬ਈ, ॖοಆ୍ଖֹ ౵ಆ୍ᄅ௜न෾ဝି‫ڕ‬ഝਈaᄅ௜न‫ڄ‬෎ট‫ܙ‬ෘ. ູਔ‫ܙ‬ෘ۷ሙಒ, ္ॖၛοଖֹ౵ಆ୍ᇯᄅರ௜ न෾ဝି‫ڕ‬ഝਈaᇯᄅರ௜न‫ڄ‬෎ট‫ܙ‬ෘ. ֒ಖ, ေࠆ֤ሙಒ֥ಆ୍ଖֹ౵ଖ໊ᇂᇯᄅರ௜न෾ဝ ି‫ڕ‬ഝਈaᇯᄅರ௜न‫ڄ‬෎ඔऌ, ᇛ௹Ӊa‫۽‬ቔਈ ۷ն. ᆃ৚֥ॖᄜളିჷ‫׈‬ჷᇶေၛ‫–ܻ–ڄ‬Ҹ–ྐྵ ༢๤ቆӮ֥ັຩູؓའ.
ັ‫׈‬ຩ‫׈܂‬ႵљԮ๤֥ն‫׈‬ຩ‫׈܂‬, ັ‫׈‬ຩऎ Ⴕ۷νಆaིۚaॖौ֥ᇭ‫؟‬Ⴊׄ. ‫҃ٳ‬ൔັ‫׈‬ຩ ࠯ඌ൮༵ఏ҄Ⴟ‫ؿ‬ղ‫ࡅݓ‬, หљ൞୸ૐaૅ‫ݓ‬aರ Ч֩۲‫ݓ‬नᇅ‫ק‬ਔ‫҃ٳ‬ൔିჷ‫ؿ‬ᅚ࠹߃, ૅ‫ିݓ‬ ჷ҆ᄝ2005୍ࣼᇅ‫ק‬ਔЧ‫׈ັ֥ݓ‬ຩ࠯ඌ‫ؿ‬ᅚਫ਼ ཌ๭, ิԛ2005∼2015୍ູࠎԤ࿹࣮აൕٓႋႨ௹,
Pren + Pg > Pl,
(2)
ఃᇏ
M
N
Pren = Pwi + Psj Pl,
(3)
i=1
j=1
ֻ5௹
ൽࢭ֩: ॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔັຩ‫׈‬ჷܿ߃ٚ‫ࠣم‬ႋႨ
677
ഈൔᇏ:
༢ඔაऎุ֥ັຩܿ߃Ⴕܱ.
Wren–—ಆ୍ॖᄜളିჷ֥ሹ‫׈ؿ‬ਈ(kWh); Pwi–—ֻi෻‫ڄ‬৯‫(ੱۿࠏ׈ؿ‬kW); Psj –—ֻj ቖܻ‫׈ڙ‬ᅟ֥‫ڂ‬ᆴ‫(ੱۿ‬kWp); M, N –—‫ٳ‬љູ‫ڄ‬৯ࠏაܻ‫׈ڙ‬ᅟඔਈ; Pren–—ॖᄜିჷ‫׈‬ჷ֥‫קح‬ሹಸਈ(kW); Pg –—ಗగ(Ⴒ)‫ࠏ׈ؿ‬ቆ‫(ੱۿקح‬kW); Pl–—ັຩ༢๤ᇏॖყҩ֥ࠞ؊‫ੱۿހڵ‬, ჿ ູ1.2∼1.5П‫ح‬؇‫(ހڵ‬kW);
hi–—ֻູi෻‫ࠏڄ‬ಆ୍Ⴕི‫ڄ‬৯‫׈ؿ‬ൈඔ(h); hj –—ֻູj ቖܻ‫׈ڙ‬ᅟಆ୍‫ڂ‬ᆴ‫׈ؿ‬ൈඔ(h); h–—ູ‫ހڵ‬Pl֥ಆ୍Ⴕཋ൐Ⴈൈඔ(h); ఃᇏ֥hi, hj, h3۱ਈॖၛᄝັຩభ௹֥ሧჷ ‫ט‬Ұa‫ހڵ‬ყҩᇏ֤֞. ັຩ༢๤ᇏ‫׈‬ჷࡹഡӮЧ‫ܙ‬ෘ: ັຩ༢๤ࡹഡӮЧᇶေ൞ॖᄜളିჷ‫׈‬ჷࡹ ഡ Ӯ Ч(Ї ও ഡ С Ӯ Ч aν ል ‫ ט‬൫ Ӯ Ч)aൻ ஥ ‫׈‬ ഡСӮЧaົ޹ӮЧ, ‫౏ط‬ӮЧ࠹ෘॉ੮֥ၹ෍
ੱູ֩ቋႪჰᄵ, ۳ԛਔෘ‫֥م‬ൌགྷੀӱ. ቋު, ࢲ‫ކ‬σ২ඪૼਔෘ‫֥م‬ႋႨ.
ܱ࡯Ս: ັຩ; ၌Ԯෘ‫׈ ;م‬ჷଆ྘; ෘ‫م‬ൌགྷ
ᇏ๭‫ٳ‬ো‫ݼ‬: TP18; TM7
໓ངѓ്઒: A
The algorithm and application in power sources planning and
၌Ԯෘ‫م‬൞۴ऌള໾ࣉ߄නམ‫ط‬ఓ‫֤ؿ‬ԛ֥၂
676
॥ᇅ৘ંაႋႨ
ֻ 27 ज
ᇕಆअႪ߄ෘ‫م‬, ၌Ԯෘ‫م‬ᄝᇭ‫؟‬ਵთ֤֞ႋႨ[4]. ቆຩܿ߃ߎໃ࡮Б֡.
ᄝ‫׈‬৯༢๤ਵთ, ೂ: Ԯ๤‫׈‬ჷܿ߃a‫ހڵ‬ყҩaӖ ੀ‫ٳ‬༅a‫׈‬৯൧ӆ֩ٚ૫ࠆ֤Ӯ‫ۿ‬ႋႨ[4,5]. Ч໓ࡼ ၌Ԯෘ‫م‬ႋႨ֞ࠎႿ‫؟‬ᇕॖᄜളିჷ‫(׈ؿ‬ೂ෾ဝ ିa‫)֩ିڄ‬ቆຩ֥ັຩ‫׈‬ჷܿ߃ᇏ, ؓఃࣉྛႪ߄ ࿹࣮.
ᄵ, ‫ି׈‬ᇉਈॖ॥; ቋު, ັຩ༢๤ᇏ‫׈‬ჷ֥ࡹഡ
ႏᄎӮЧေቋ֮. ັຩఃଢѓ‫ݦ‬ඔೂ༯:
ॖᄜളିჷಆ୍ሹ‫׈ؿ‬ਈႋડቀ
M
N
Wren = hiPwi + hjPsj = hPl. (1)
i=1
j=1
ႮႿॖᄜളିჷ‫׈ؿ‬ऎႵෛࠏྟa҂ಒ‫ྟק‬, ູЌ ᆣັຩ֥ॖौᄎྛ, ఃᇏັຩ‫׈‬ჷሹ‫ੱۿ‬
(1. ᇏ೶ն࿐ ‫׈‬৯‫׈‬ሰა॥ᇅ࿹࣮෮, ܼ‫ܼ ת‬ᇜ 510275; 2. ᇏ‫॓ݓ‬࿐ჽ ܼᇜିჷ࿹࣮෮, ܼ‫ܼ ת‬ᇜ 510640)
ᅋေ: ୍࣍ট, ॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔ‫ັ׈ؿ‬ຩ࠯ඌ࿹࣮ႄఏ‫ݓ‬ଽຓܼܱٗᇿ. Чં໓ࡼ၌Ԯෘ‫م‬ႋႨ֞‫–ܻ–ڄ‬Ҹ–
ྐྵቆӮ֥ॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔັຩ‫׈‬ჷܿ߃ᇏ, ࡹ৫ັຩ‫׈‬ჷܿ߃ଆ྘ࠣཌྷܱჿඏ่ࡱ, ၛડቀିਈ௜‫ޙ‬॥ᇅa‫ིٮ‬
‫׈‬ჷܿ߃ഡ࠹ປުಒ‫ק‬: ൻ஥‫׈‬༢๤(ᇶေ൞‫׈‬৯
ཌਫ਼)ए৖ၛൻ‫׈‬ए৖Ӱၛֆ໊‫܄‬৚(km)ӮЧ༢ඔ
Key words: micro-grid; genetic algorithm; model of power sources; implementation algorithm
1 ႄ࿽(Introduction)
ಆ౯ྟ֥ିჷ؋ಌა໑൩ིႋ, ՜൐ൗࢸ۲‫ݓ‬ ܱᇿѩࡆ఼ᄝॖᄜളିჷष‫ؿ‬০Ⴈ֥ႋႨࠎԤ৘ં ࿹࣮. ໃটದো֥ିჷࢲ‫ܒ‬, ࡼ൞‫؟‬ᇕିჷ޺Ҁ‫܋‬թ ุ֥༢ࢲ‫ܒ‬. οᅶ‫ି࠽ݓ‬ჷࠏ‫ܒ‬EURO-JRC֥ყҩ, ֞2050୍ॖᄜളିჷ০Ⴈᄝಆ౯ᆜ۱ିჷࢲ‫ܒ‬ᇏ֥ б২ࡼӑ‫ݖ‬50%. ۴ऌሧჷ่ࡱ, ‫ކ‬৘࿊ᄴष‫ؿ‬০Ⴈ ‫؟‬ᇕॖᄜളିჷ(ೂ: ෾ဝିa‫ିڄ‬aള໾ᇉିaֹಣ ିa‫ݚ‬လି֩), ቆӮॖᄜളିჷ‫҃ٳ‬ൔ‫ุି܂‬༢, ‫ܒ‬ Ӯັ‫׈‬ຩ, ൌགྷ‫׿‬৫ࠇѩຩᄎྛ, ൞ࣂުॖᄜളିჷ ‫ིۚ׈ؿ‬০Ⴈ֥ᇗေٚཟ[1,2].
۴ऌັຩ༢๤֥ᄎྛଆ୅, ॖᄜളିჷ֥ႋႨ
หׄ, ࠎ⎧Ⴟഈൔ‫ࡹܒ‬ൡႋ؇‫ݦ‬ඔ:
⎪⎪⎪⎨ Wren = M hiPwi + N hj Psj hPl,
i
j
⎪⎪⎪⎩
D = min S, γ = D/Wren.
(5)
ॖᄜളିჷ‫׈ؿ‬ສສ൞၂Ցྟ֥ۚ๧ೆ, ֌ᄎ ྛ‫ٮ‬Ⴈ‫֮ޓ‬, ၹՎсྶॉ੮๧ሧ൬ၭ໙ี, γູ๧