book8unit5词汇
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Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors-Language PointsWarming up1. alternative n. 可供选择的事物；（两者或以上）可能的选择adj. 供选择的，二选一的，另外的。
常作定语Is there a valid alternative to the present system. 现行体制有没有切实可行的制度来代替。
If payment is not received, legal action will be our only alternative.如果我们收不到付款，起诉将是我们唯一的选择。
You have the alternative of riding or walking.你可以在骑车和步行中选择一种。
If you don’t like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own.如果你不喜欢学校的午餐，你可以选择自己带饭。
alternative energy可替代能源The way was blocked,so I went by an alternative road.这条路被挡住了，因此我走了另一条。
Do you have an alternative solution to the problem？你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？常用结构：have the alternative of doing sth 有做……..的选择；可以做……….have no alternative but to do sth. 只能做某事；除……外别无选择= have no choice but to do sth.=can’t do sth but do sth=can do nothing but do sth=can’t help but do sthWe have no alternative but to go on. 除了继续下去,我们别无选择。
There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory. 除了战斗到胜利,别无选择。
3.starvation--n.饥饿; 饿死; 绝食，缺乏, 不足die of starvationShe used to suffer from starvation but now she is starving herself to try to lose weight.(starve)她过去常常忍饥挨饿，但是现在却节食来试图减肥。
4.tentative -- adj. 不确定的，试探性的，暂定的a tentative smile 勉强的微笑tentative prices 价格不固定, 暂定价Make a tentative offer 作尝试性的出价（建议）Come to a tentative conclusion 获得暂时的结论proposal a tentative project 提出一个初步的计划。
He still held a tentative relationship with Marjorie Stafford.他还和麦琪利·斯达福保持着若即若离的关系。
Could we make a tentative appointment for Friday? 暂时的我们能暂时先约在星期五吗?Each step he took was slightly tentative. 他每走一步都有些迟疑不决。
Reading1. interrupt vt.&vi. 打断(别人谈话)，打岔，插嘴；暂时中断或中止It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。
Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
词语辨析interrupt；disturb（1）interrupt 突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续。
（2）disturb 及物动词,一般用语，多用被动语态。
指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的打扰，以及“使焦虑，使不安、烦恼”的意思。
用interrupt, disturb(1)Sorry to interrupt you，but can you tell me where the train station is(2)I don’t like being disturbed while I am working in my office.(3)His passion for computer games disturbed me.3. acute adj. 严重的, 敏锐的, 急性的, 剧烈的①an acute problem is very serious:This area has an acute shortage of water. 这个地方缺水严重。
He suffers from acute depression. 他患有严重的抑郁症。
②an acute feeling is very strong:acute pain 剧痛acute embarrassment 极其尴尬acute anxiety万分焦急③technical an acute illness or disease quickly becomes very serious [≠chronic慢性病的]:acute tuberculosis 急性肺结核acute arthritis 急性关节炎④acute senses such as hearing, taste, touch etc are very good and sensitive:Young children have a particularly acute sense of smell. 小孩子有着极其敏锐的味觉。
⑤quick to notice and understand things [= sharp]: 尖锐的;敏锐的He is a man of acute intelligence. 他非常聪颖。
We agreed with his acute analysis of the political situation. 我们都同意他对政治形势的深刻分析。
2. assume vt. 设想，假定；主观认为常用结构：assume+sb/sth.+(to be)+adj. 假定/认为某人/事是……assume+that-clause;It is assumed that 据认为When it got to midnight and Paul was still not back, I began to assume the worst.到午夜时保罗还没回来，我开始往最坏的地方想了。
We assumed him to be the best writer of our time.我们认为他是我们这个时代最好的作家。
We assumed that you understood the situation. 我们认为你了解形势。
It is assumed that this is the best possible translation. 据认为这可能是最佳译文。
Assuming (that) the weather is favourable, farmers will have a bumper harvest.假如风调雨顺，今年农民将获丰收。
Assuming (that) it to be true, what should we do now? 假定这是真的，我们现在该怎麽办？assumption n. 假定，设想make an assumption 认为，假定on the assumption that 假定……..The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.这一工程是以经济发展的设想为依据的。
A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
4. regardless of 不管，(=in spite of; despite 不管；尽管)Everyone has the right to get good medical care regardless of their ability to pay.每个人都有权得到良好的医疗保障，无论他们支付能力如何。
He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter. 不顾我对此事的感受。
People should be hired regardless of race and sex. 雇用人员应没有种族、性别的差异。
They continued to work regardless of the fact that it was raining.他们不管下雨的事实继续工作。
6. keep out 使…在外，使….留在外面，阻止...进入Keep the strangers out. 不让陌生人进来The trees keep out the wind. 这些树可以挡风。
keep...out of... 不让...进入某处Keep that dog out of my study.7. at most 至多；最多（=at the most）It should only cost at most thirty dollars.它最多只要三十美元。
The whole process will take half an hour at the most. 整个过程顶多需要半个小时。
拓展：at (the) least 至少at (the) best 充其量；最好make the most of尽量利用，充分利用9. cut up 切碎；使伤心The child often cut up vegetables to feed these chickens. 这个孩子经常切蔬菜来喂这些小鸡。
(切碎) He seemed very cut up by his troubles. (使丧气；使人伤心)联想拓展：cut off 砍掉，切掉；切断，停止；使分离，使隔绝cut off A from Bcut down 砍伐；削减cut in 打断，插嘴cut out 剪去；删去，略去；戒掉10.ample adj. enough 足够的；abundant, plentiful 充足的，富裕的There is ample reason to believe that the man is innocent. (足够的)This leaves her ample time to prepare three meals a day.俚语：Ample food and clothing by working with our own hands. 自己动手,丰衣足食。
