人教版七年级英语上册期末语法基础知识点复习（全册）（一）be动词。
1、be动词概说。(包括am, are, is)
①连系动词，本身有词义“是”，在句子中和其后的表语一起构成谓语。
e.g. I am tall.(表语)
②助动词，无词义。
e.g. He is playing football.
2、be动词的用法。
①am →主语是单数第一人称（即I）。
e.g. I am…
②be →are 单数第二人称及所有复数。
e.g. You are…The coats are…
○3is →单数第三人称及不可数名词。
e.g. Your father is…The money is…
3、否定句式（即改否定句）：在be动词之后+not, 句子其它部位不变。
e.g. He is not a teacher.
4、缩写形式。
①主语+be，缩写be第一个字母为’，再与主语合并。
e.g. you are →you’re Jack is →Jack’s
②be+not否定形式的缩写，缩写not中“o”为’, 再与be合并。
e.g. is not→isn’t are not→aren’t
③不能缩写的情况：this is, these are, those are, am not及缩略的肯定回答。
e.g. Yes, I am. (I’m 误)
5、含be动词句子的疑问句型转换。
①一般疑问句：将be动词提前，其它照抄不变，最后+？，读升调。（一般第一人称改为第二人称）
e.g. The man in the car is her father.
→Is the man in the car her father?
I’m a middle school student.
→Are you a middle school student?
②一般疑问句的肯否定回答。
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+ be+ not.
e.g. Is he old? ——Yes, he is. /No, he is not.
Are you a new student? ——Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.
Is your father at home? ——Yes, he is.
/No, he is not.(isn’t)
注意：①主语必须用代词回答；②肯定回答不能缩写；③回答第二人称，用第一人称回答。
③特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）。
1) 方法：将句子被提问(即被划线)的部分改为相对应的疑问词，然后置于句首，接着再将be动词或情态动词提前
(置于疑问词之后)，其它部分照抄不变，最后+？(即疑问词+一般疑问句？)
e.g. The man in a red cap is her brother.
→Who is the man in a red cap?
I can sing English songs. →What can you do?
2) 注意：①被提问部分不能再写。
②提问动词(即提问做某事)，在改句子时注意还“do”，表示做什么？
3) 相应的疑问词。
1. 事物→what e.g. That is a cat. →What is that?
2. 地点→where He is at home? →Where is he?
3. 人→who
The man is his father. →Who is the man?
4)谁的→whose The coat is his. →Whose is the coat?
（提问名词性物主代词whose后不用带物）
That is Jack’s ball. →Whose ball is that?
（提问形容词性物主代词whose后要带物或人）
5)怎样(程度，方式) →how She’s fine. →How is she?
How can he go to school?
He can go to school by bus.
6). 职业→what
My father is a worker. →What is your father?
7). 年龄→how old
Our grandpa is 80. →How old is your grandpa? 8). 班级→what class→What class are you in?
We are in Class 2, Grade 1.
9)数字→what My phone number is 2212121
→What’s your phone number?
10)哪一个→which→Which boy is Mike?
The boy in a blue shirt is Mike.
（一般which用来提问定语，并且后要带物或人）
11). 颜色→what colour His car is yellow.
→What colour is his car?
12. 数量→how many+可数复数名词
There are two books on the desk. →
How many books are there on the desk?
how much+不可数名词
There is only a little water in the glass. →
How much water is there in the glass?
13)时间→what time →What time can you get there?
I can get there at six.
