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定语从句精简讲精练

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定语从句精讲精练一、定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。

先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

二、位置：名词＋定语从句代词限制性定语从句：先行词＋定语从句三、定语从句的种类：非限制性定语从句：先行词，＋定语从句注意：that不能引导非限制性的定语从句。

四、语法术语：1、关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系代词：作主语(who/that/which)；作宾语(who/whom/that/which)；作定语(whose)关系词关系副词：作状语。

where作地点状语；when作时间状语；why作原因状语；in which/that/x作方式状语词义：相当于先行词的词义或与先行词的词义相关。

关系词的词义和作用作用：连接定语从句；在句中充当成分。

2、先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

五、关系词的确定：关键在于先找出定语从句，然后划分定语从句的句子成分。

1、当先行词指人，定语从句中差主语时用who/that，不能省略。

当先行词指物，定语从句中差主语时用which/that，不能省略。

当先行词既指人又指物，定语从句中差主语时用that，不能省略。

如：The man who /that came is Mike.This is the pen which/that was given by my friend.The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station. 2、当先行词指人，定语从句中差宾语时用who/whom/that，可省略。

当先行词指物，定语从句中差宾语时用which/that，可省略。

The man (who/whom/that) he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.This is the pen (which/that) my friend gave to me.先行词（人）＋介词＋whom 如：She is the girl with whom I went there.注意：先行词（物）＋介词＋which 如：This is the house in which I was born.3、当定语从句中名词前差定语时用whose，不可省略。

如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose/of which cover is green.4、当先行词为时间名词，定语从句中差时间状语时用when/介词＋which，不可省略。

如：I’ll never forget the day when/on which I met you.注意：当先行词为时间名词，定语从句中差宾语时用which/that，可省略。

如：The photo reminds me of the days (which/that) I spent in the countryside.5、当先行词为地点名词，定语从句中差地点状语时用where/介词＋which，不可省略。

如：The building where/in which he lives is very old.注意：当先行词为地点名词，定语从句中差宾语时用which/that，可省略。

如：This is the building (which/that) we built last year.6、当先行词为原因名词，定语从句中差原因状语时用why/介词＋which，不可省略。

如：Who can tell me the reason wh y /for which Tom wasn’t here today?注意：当先行词为原因名词，定语从句中差宾语时用which/that，可省略。

如：I won’t listen to any reason (which/that) you give me.7、当先行词为the way，定语从句中差方式状语时用in which/that/x。

如：We change the way (in which/that/x) we speak when talking with different people.8、that不能用于非限制性定语从句。

六、只能用that，不宜用which的情况：1、先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时。

This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.2、先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时。

The first thing that we should do is to help him.He is the last person that I want to see.3、主句中已有疑问词时。

Which is the bike that you lost?4、关系代词前有介词时。

The building in which he lives is very old.5、先行词既有人又有物时。

The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station. 6、先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等代词时。

You should hand in all that you have.We haven’t got much that we can offer you.I mean the one that you talked about just now.7、先行词前面有only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the same, the very等词修饰时。

The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class.Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.8、有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用thatEdison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.七、学好定语从句的诀窍：学会划分句子成分。

八、练习：用适当的关系词填空。

1. This is the factory ________they want to visit.2. My sister works in a bookshop in ________ we can read many kinds of books.3. Have you visited the city _________the famous scientist was born?4. Is this the museum ________they visited last month?5. He built a telescope through _______ he could study the skies.6. The pencil with _______ he wrote was broken.7. Is this the shop ____ sells children’s clothing?8. I still remember the sitting-room _______my mother and I used to sit in the evening.9. Don’t go in, this is the shop ________we have just been to.10. Please show me the book _______ you bought yesterday.11. The man _______ is wearing a white suit is my brother.12. The reason ________I’m calling you is to invite you to the party.13. Those _______ learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.14. Anyone _____ is against this opinion may speak out.15. Mr. Smith is one of the foreign experts _____ are working in China.16. I’ll tell you all _____ he told me last week.17. Can you lend me the novel _____ you talked about the other day?18. Have you seen the girl _____ I told you of?19. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been solved.20. I don’t lik e the boy to _______ you are talking.21. It’s the third time _____ you’ve arrived late this month.22. He often helps the students _____ are not quick at their studies.23. The animal ________ is lost is a panda.24. This is the teacher ________ we like best.25. She is the person ________ we are worried about.26. He came at a time ________ we needed help.27. Didn’t you see the man _____ I nodded (点头) to just now?28. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to _______ she could turn for help.29. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.30. Who _____ has common sense will do such a thing?31. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.32. This is the biggest laboratory _____ we have ever built in our school.33. Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?34. Is there anything _____ belongs to you?35. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone _____ family was poor.36. Please pass me the dictionary _____ cover is black.37. He is the only one of the boys _____plays the piano well.38. That scientist _____ work is successful has been made a model worker.39. Is this museum the one _______ some German friends visited last Wednesday?40. The book is quite different from the one _____ I read last month.41. The train on _____ she was traveling was late.42. Antarctic about _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.43. I don’t like the way _____he looks at me.44. Mr Smith, ________ lives in Chicago, is a doctor.45. We will visit the house _________ Lu Xun was born.46. This is the house _______we visited last month.47. October 1, 1949 was the day _________ the People’s Republic of China was founded.48. October 1, 1949 was the day ________we’ll never forget.49. This is the reason _______she told me this morning.50. This is the reason _______I was late this morning.51. Who is the man ________ is standing over there?52. Which is the tool _______ you are looking for?七、练习答案。

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定语从句精讲精练

定语从句精讲精练

定语从句精讲精练(一)关系代词的选用1.首先找准先行词，并弄清先行词是人还是物。

2.必须弄清先行词在从句中所作的成分，这是选择关系代词的关键。

⑴先行词指人，并在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用who/that; as；⑵先行词指物，并在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用that/which/as;⑶先行词指人、指物、并在从句中作表语，关系代词用that/as/who/which;⑷先行词指句子，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词用which,as；⑸先行词是“时间名词”，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用when;⑹先行词是“地点名词”，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用where;⑺先行词是reason ，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用why;⑻先行词指人、物，并在从句中作定语，用whose,指物时，可与 the＋名词＋of which互换；⑼先行词是way,manner等词，关系代词用that，in which,亦可省略；⑽关系代词前有介词时，关系代词用which(指物),who(指人)。

3.选择关系代词时应注意的几点：⑴that 不能放在介词之后作宾语， which,who则可以，如介词在句子后面时，也可用that,也可省略。

This is the room in which we lived last year.=This is the room we lived in last year.这是我们去年住过的房间。

⑵that不能引导非限定性定语从句，其它关系词可以，引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词不可省略。

We walked down the village street,where they were having market day.我们沿着村子的大街走去，村民们正在那里赶集。

定语从句精讲精练

定语从句精讲精练

8.That is the very book which he is looking for. any, few, no, all, one of that 9.This is the most interesting film which I have 先行词是最高级或被最高 ever seen. 级修饰时,用that that
定语从句 2012、3、13
基础知识回顾: 关系词及其意义
指代人 who, whom, that 指代事物 which, that, as 所属关系 whose 指地点 where 关 指时间 when 系 指原因 why 副 词 关 系 代 词
归 纳 总 结
考点归纳&高考题练习
观察思考
that 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? that 2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice. that 3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her which money, has been stolen. which 5) She heard a terrible noise， ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
先行词前有thatonly, the very, the
等词修饰时,用that
that , which or who?
1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me. that 2.This is the very thing _______ I am after. that 3.We talked about the men and the things _______ that we remembered at school. that 4.He is the only man _______ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say. that 6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked that with. 7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate. that 8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth. that
定语从句知识点总结精讲练习

定语从句知识点总结精讲练习

定语从句知识点总结精讲练习定语从句讲解（包含各种特殊情况对比，题目都是易错题）1）定语从句的基本概念：定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，起形容词作用，也称为形容词性从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟先行词。

定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分，并在含义上替代先行词。

The man is my cousin. He came to see me this morning.替换：The man who came to see me this morning is my cousin.先行词关系代词在定语中做主语，不可省略↖定语从句2）关系词:①关系代词（指人/指物/表所有格）;A.指人的关系代词：who,做主语或宾语；whom，只做宾语；that,做主语或宾语（但指代人称并充当从句主语时，通常用who）He is a student. We should learn from him.替换：He is a student (who, whom, that) we should learn from.关系代词充当从句主语时，不能省略，充当宾语时，可以省略。

B.指物的关系代词：which,做主语或宾语；that,做主要或宾语；He sent me a present last night. The present is a mice watch.替换：The present (which, that) he sent me last night is a nice watch.关系代词充当从句主语时，不能省略，充当宾语时，可以省略。

C.表所有格的关系代替：指某人的或某物的：whose,做先行词的所有格Is there anyone? Her name is Linda.替换：Is there anyone whose name is Linda?①关系副词（时间/地点/原因）。

定语从句精讲精练

定语从句精讲精练

定语从句精讲精练在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when ,why等。

关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1.由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句：这类定语从句中，who用作主语，whom用作宾语，whose用作定语。

例如：This is the man who helped me.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?2.which引导的定语从句：which在从句中作主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语。

例如：This is the book which you want.The building which stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.3.由that引导的定语从句：that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语。

（但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语）例如：The letter that I received was from my father.* 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that而不用which引导定语从句：①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。

例如：All that we have to do is to practice every day.②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。

例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. This is the best film I’ve ever seen.③先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。