无线数据传输系统设计说明书

吉林化工学院毕业设计说明书

基于单片机的无线数据传输系统设计

Design of the Wireless Data Transmission System Based on Chip

Microcomputer

学生学号： 11510225

学生姓名： 高海昌

专业班级： 自动1102

指导教师： 李 楠

职 称： 讲 师

起止日期： 2015.03.09～2015.06.26

吉 林 化 工 学 院

Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology吉林化工学院毕业设计说明书

- I - 摘 要

温湿度测量在工业生产中有着广泛的应用。通常，要实现温湿度测量和自动控制，监控室与现场之间必须敷设大量的电缆，这是一个麻烦的问题。然而采用单片机的无线传输系统，则可以节省费用和时间。该采集系统是以AT89C51为主控芯片，利用数字式温湿度传感器DHT11进行温湿度采集，单片机AT89C51控制无线发送模块nRF24L01将数据发射出去，经过一定距离的通信，接受模块通过nRF24L01将数据传给单片机AT89C51，单片机经处理后将数据传给显示屏，完成无线数据采集与发送。

单片机无线数据传输系统的设计采用模块化的设计思想，从而使整个系统的功能更完善、灵活、协调。能对现场的温湿度进行实时监控，当温湿度超出设定值时，进行声光报警。

关键词：单片机；nRF24L01；传感器

基于单片机的无线数据传输系统设计

- II - Abstract

The measurement of temperature and humidity has been widely used in industrial

production. In general, in order to achieve the measurement of temperature and humidity

and automatic control, it must lay a large number of cables between the control room and

field, and this is a troublesome problem. However, adopting wireless transmission system

of single chip microcomputer can save cost and time. The acquisition system is based on

AT89C51 as main control chip, and it proceeds the temperature and humidity acquisition

by digital temperature and humidity sensor DHT11. Single chip microcomputer AT89C51

transmits the data by controlling wireless sending module nRF24L01. After a certain

distance of communication, the receive module transmits the data to the single chip

microcomputer AT89C51 through nRF24L01. After processing, single chip microcomputer

transmits the data to the display screen so that it can complete wireless data acquisition and

sending.

The design of single chip microcomputer wireless data transmission system adopts

modular design ideas so that it can make the function of the whole system more perfect,

flexible and coordinated. And it can proceed real-time monitoring of temperature and

humidity on site. When the temperature and humidity are beyond the set data, sound and

light will alarm.

Key Words：Single chip microcomputer；NRF24L01；Sensor

吉林化工学院毕业设计说明书

- III - 目 录

摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................ I

Abstract .............................................................................................................................................. II

第1章 绪论 ...................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 课题来源及选题的目的和意义 ....................................................................................... 1

1.2 本课题所涉及的内容国内外研究现状综述 .................................................................. 1

1.3 研究内容 ............................................................................................................................ 3

第2章 整体方案的设计 ................................................................................................................. 4

2.1 方案论证 ............................................................................................................................ 4

2.2 系统框图 ............................................................................................................................ 6

第3章 系统硬件设计 ..................................................................................................................... 8

3.1 主控芯片的介绍 ................................................................................................................ 8

3.2 无线模块设计 ................................................................................................................. 12

3.3 电源模块 ......................................................................................................................... 15

3.4 时钟芯片 ......................................................................................................................... 16

3.4.1 DS1302工作特性 ................................................................................................ 16

3.4.2 DS1302控制方法 ................................................................................................ 16

3.4.3 DS1302工作原理 ................................................................................................ 17

3.5 温湿度传感器 ................................................................................................................. 18

3.5.1 DHT11数字温湿度传感器 ................................................................................ 18

3.5.2 工作特性 .............................................................................................................. 19