汽车构造英语

一单词：Structure 构造 chassis 底盘cylinder 气缸 convert 转变 exhaust n排气废气 v排气耗尽 lubrication 润滑 component 成分部件零件stroke 冲程行程 assemble v装配安装n组件 suspension 悬挂 brake n制动器刹车v制动 mechanism 机械机构transmit传动传送 torque 转矩扭矩transmission 变速器传动装置 clutch 离合器 worm蜗杆hydraulic液压的水力的 retard使减速阻止妨碍friction摩擦摩擦力 internal combustion engine内燃发动机by means of用依靠 transportation交通shift转变转移manufacturer制造商competitor竞争者in essence实质上turn out生产制造secure紧固 bolt n 螺栓v用螺栓连接nut螺帽螺母螺套crankcase曲柄箱bearing轴承crankshaft曲轴piston 活塞flywheel 飞轮vibration震动振动颤动revolve 旋转转动reciprocate往复做往复运动eliminate消除除去inertia惯性惯量engage连接接合valve气门阀门阀be attached to把...装于...上in honor of以纪念...，向...表示敬意coolant 冷却液冷却剂 radiator散热器冷却器maintenance维修保养beindicative of表现出，有...的征兆carburetor化油器injector喷油器喷（注）射器nozzle喷嘴break up分裂解散silence消除（噪音）muffler消声器give off散发放出（液体气体气味等）bring about带来造成essential基本的本质的必要的必不可少的regulate调节agent代理人（商）transfer传导传递in contact with和...接触，跟...保持联系drain v排出排泄排水n排水管下水道sediment沉淀物沉积appropriate适当的in place of代替destruction毁坏破坏seal密封filter n过滤器滤油器v过滤regulator调节器build up增大集结be fed to向...提供...distributor分电器with the advent of随着...的出现（到来）in regard to（of）...关于，相对于，就...而论charge充电engagement连接接合sandwich夹入linkage联动装置in conjunction with与...共同，连同adjust to调节，调整，校准，使适合direct at把...对准，针对gear n齿轮v传动，使接上齿轮multiply成倍的增加，增加submerge浸没淹没in excess of超过rely on依赖依靠accommodate 容纳提供isolate隔离分离使脱离integral构成整体所必需的，完整的incorporate把...合并，列入，包含depress踩下压下release放开释放drum鼓，制动鼓disk圆盘制动盘in theevent of如果...发生in terms of根据，按照，从...方面（说来）二介词1 apply （for）2（by）means（of）3 set（out）4 (in) honor (of) 5beattached (to) 6 in helation (to)7 beicdicative (of) 8 give (off) 9 be made(of) 10 be made (up) （of）11（in）contact （with）12 provide （for）13（in）essence 14 be composed （of）15 consist (of) 16 turn (out) 17（in）the event （of）18 （in）the event 19be picced (with) 20 rely (on) 21conduct...（from）...（to） 22 depend（on） 23 be depended （on）24insolate...（form） 25（in）gear 26（under） preussure 27 break （up）28 keep...(form) 29 prevent...(from)30 direct (at) 31 convert...into 32adjust (to) 33 (in) conjicnction（with）34 be located （in）35 pain（off）36 connect （to）选择题－1.capabilty－abilty2.proportion－ratio3.install－appoint4.conducting－making5.initiate －stait6.insulat －isolate7.consists of－is composedof8.reciprocate －return9.expend －enlaige10.univeisal －uidespread11.loop － coil12.distribute － hand out13.constitute － form14.engage－ employ15.thread －pass16.rotaiy －circalar17.depended on －relied on18.absorb –take19.inseit – add20.motion –more21.clog –jam22.behavior –function23.prime –chief24.suitable -appropriate25.excel –petition–rivaly27.shift –transter28.pendal–cycie29.idle–jobless30.excessive–overmuch31.flow –move32.disposeof –getrid of33.stream–swarm34.somwhat –fairly35.tremendous - verygreat36.passage – path37.conceptidea38.temporary –short –term39.prrcise–exact40.intricate–complex41.secure –solid42.multiply–reproduce43.deposit–store44.flat–level45.handle –ally46.align –ally47.trigger–cause48.flexible–chamgeabie49.engineer–build50.charge –payment51.regulate–control52.transfer–shift53. a rear entrancea back door54.nentral–impartial55.silence–quiet56.constant -frequent57.popular–widespread58.interse–severe59.reasonable–acceptable 60.experience–go through61.impact -effect62.reverse –back63.stationary–unchanged64.exhansted–wore out适当形式填空1.The chassis is a framework（used） to assembie autocompoents on it.2.No engine can （work ） wellwithout suitable oppratingtemperatares.3.A fule tank is used tostore the fule （needed ） by theengine.4.The brake system （is used ）to retard the motion of thevehicle by means of friction.5.A radiator is designed todissipate the heart which thecoolant （has absorbed ） fromthe engine.6.Vanes,piungers,rotors （are used ）to build up the necessarypressure.7.Calipers must be replaced ifthey show signs of （ leaking ）break flurd.8.The brake drum （is bolted ）tothe wheal hub between.9.An electronic fule injectionsystem generally uses one orinjectors to （spray ） feel.10.The coolant （flows） aroundthe outside of the cylinders.11.The cooling water （ used ） inthe cooling systems iscalled coolant.12.The hand brake must （beable） to stop the car inthe evevt.13.The cooling waker （used） inthe cooling system is calledcoolant.14.Nowaday,electrive,power aidedsteering （ is adopted） onsmall cars.15.The （ large ） the steeringwheel diameter, the moretorgue is ggenerated from thesame.16.The clutch linkage（connects） the clutch pedalto the clutch fork.17.The steering system isused to control the drivingdirection of the vehicleas it （ moves ）18.One function of the fueicap on the fuel tankis to keep the fuel from（spiashing） out.19.The transmission （isgeared ） to perform thesefunctions.20.The exhaust system isuesd to conduct the（ burned ） gases to thenear of .21.In the event thefifter gets （ clogged ） abypass valve is provided .22.The （bigger ） the exhaustpipes of an exhaustsystemare the bettter .23.The cluth much （transmit ）all the engine toque to thetransmission.24.The steering systerm mustdeliaver precise （directional）control.25.The duai master cylanderis designed for both frontand near barke of mostcars to ensure the（ effciency ） of the brakesystem.26.In a dual exhaust systermthe enggine can （exhaust ）more freely.27.The engine （ is considered）the heart of an automoble. 28.There are three （ elements ）that make up one planetary gear systerm.29.Oil between the parts prevents metal -to metal contact which （causes）friction and wear .30.The purpose of themuffler is to reduceengine exhaust noise toan （ acceptable ） level31.The mechanical fule pump （ is driver ） by the camshaft.32.The term stroke refersto pistor （movement ）whin the cylander.33. Many components of an engine （are secured） by means of bolts and nuts. 34.When spring pressiure is a ppliedto the plate ,it meshes with the driven fiction plates (sanduiched) betureen it and the flywheel35.Brare is a friction device forl (converting)the power of momentam or kinetic eneryy of36.The purpose of the lubrication systemisto (circulate) oil between moving enjine parts37.The outside of the water jacret (dissipates) some of the heat to the air38.The distributor cap can (trunsfer) hish voltage from the distributor39.The brare drum (is bolted) to the wheelhub between the and the wheel 40.The components of the manuul steering system (enable) the vehicleto change the direction by means of 41.The life and performance of the vechicles engine (depend)on the suspension system is to preven the road shocrs from (being trans mitted)to the vehicleframe车标；德国车；1.梅赛德斯—奔驰Mercedes-Benz2.宝马BMW3.奥迪Audi4.大众Volkswagen5.高尔夫Golf6.欧宝Opel7.保时捷Porsche美国车；1.通用GeneralMotor(GM)2.雪弗兰Chevrolet3.别克Buick 4.凯迪拉克Cadillac5.克莱斯勒Chrysler6.道奇Dodge7.福特Ford8.林肯Lincoln9.野马Mustang10.雷鸟Thunderbird11.吉普jeep12.路虎Land Rover13.悍马Hummer日本车；1.丰田Toyota2.凌志Lexus3.尼桑（日产）Nissan4.无限Infiniti5.蓝鸟Bluebird6.本田Honda7.三菱Mitsubishi8.皇冠Crown9.花冠Corolla10.马自达Mazda11.五十铃Isuzu12.大发Daihatsu13.铃木Suzuki法国车；1.标志Peugeot2.雪铁龙Citroen3.雷诺Renault意大利车；1.菲亚特Fiat2.法拉利Ferrari英国车；1.劳斯莱斯Rolls-Royce2.迷你Mini3.莲花Lotus4.宾利Bentley5.罗孚名爵Rover韩国车；1.现代Hyundai2.起亚Kia3.大宇Daewoo瑞典车；Ssangyong1.沃尔沃Volvo2.拉达Lada缩列词；1.AAS；(automatic adjustingsuspension)自动调整悬架2.ABS;anti-lock brake system防抱死制动系统3.A/C;air conditioning空调4.A/F;air fuel(ratio)空燃比5.ANT;antenna天线6.AT;automatictransmission/transaxle自动变速器7.BDC;bottom dead center下止点8.TDC;top dead center上止点9.CF;cooling fan；冷却风扇10.CPU;central processingunit中央处理器11.CVT;continuously varibletransmission无级变速器12.DI;distributor ignition分电器点火13.DLI;distributorlessignition无分电器点火14.DTC;diagnostic troublecode诊断故障码15.ECA;electronic controlassembly电子控制总成16.EFI;electronic fuelinjection 电子燃油喷射17.E/G;engine发动机18.EGR;exhaust gas oxygensensor 废弃再循环19.EM;engine maintenance发动机维护20.FI;fuel injection燃油喷射21.FP;fuel pump燃油泵22.HTC;hydraulic torqueconverter液力变矩器23.IFS;independent frontsuspension独立式悬架24.IT;ignition timing点火正时25.LLC;long-life coolant长效冷却液26.LO;lubricating oil润滑油27.LS;leaf spring钢板弹簧28.MF;maintenance free免维护29.MFI;multipoint fuel injection多点燃油喷射30.SPI;singlepoint injection单点燃油喷射31.ODI;oil drain intervals换油周期32.PS;powersteering动力转向33.PSC;power steering control动力转向控制34.PW;primarywinding初级线圈35.SUV;sport utility vehicle运动型多用途车36.VCM;vehiclecontrol module车辆控制模块37.VIN;vehicleidentification number车辆识别号38.4WS;four wheel steering四轮转向39.GPS;global positiongsystem全球卫星定位系统The power steering pump , which isdriven by a belt from the crankshaftpulley,sends fluid under pressureinto the steering gear. Thishigh-pressure fluid does about 80percen of the work of steering .Inoperation,the pump produces a highpressure on the power-steering fluid,which is a kind of special oil.答：液压系统是个复杂的弯曲管道，将一定压力的传动油输送到变速器和液力变矩器内的所有零部件上。

第一类 MOTOR VEHICLE 汽车一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.2 Bus 客车1.3 Motor truck 货车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组成2.2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能2.3 engine position 发动机布置三、Vehicle dimensions汽车尺寸五、Diameter of turning circle 转弯直径第二类ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造二、Essential term 基本术语三、Engine operation principle发动机工作原理3.1 Four-stroke gasoline engine operation principle四冲程汽油机工作原理3.2 Four-stroke diesel engine operational principle四冲程柴油机工作原理3.3 Two-stroke gasoline engine operation principle二冲程汽油机工作原理3.4 Two-stroke diesel engine operation principle二冲程柴油机工作原理四、Engine performance 发动机性能曲柄连杆机构5.2 Piston,connecting rod 活塞连杆组5.3 Crankshaft,flywheel 曲轴飞轮组六、Valve mechanism 配气机构6.1 Side valve 侧置气门6.2 Overhead valve 顶置气门6.3 Overhead valve 顶置气门6.4 Valve-timing diagram 配气相位图七、Gasoline engine-fuel system汽油机供油泵7.1 Fuel system 供油泵7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器7. 3 Fuel pump,fuel filter汽油泵，汽油滤清器7.4 Simple carburetor 简单化油器7.5 Carburetor 化油器7.6 Carburetor elements 化油器零件7.7 Carburetor control 化油器操纵件7.8Gasoline injection 汽油喷射7.9 Electric fuel pump,Injector电动汽油泵,喷油器7.10 Sensor 传感器八、Diesel engine-fuel system柴油机工友系8.1 Fuel system 供油泵8.2 Combustion chamber 燃烧室8.3 Injection pump 喷油泵8.4 Injection 喷油器8.5 Speed governor 调速器九、Exhaust system 排气系统十、Turbo-supercharging 蜗轮增压10.1 Turbocharging system 蜗轮增压系统10.2 Turbocharger 蜗轮增压器十一、Emission control 排污控制11.1 Emission control system 排污控制系统11.2 Catalytic convertor 催化转化器 十二、Engine-cooling system 发动机冷却机12.1 Water cooling system 水冷系12.2 Radiator 传感器12.3 Fan,water pump 风扇，水泵12.4 Air cooling system 风冷系十三、Engine-lubrication system发动机润滑系13.1 Pressure lubrication 压力润滑13.2 Oil pump 机油泵13.3 Oil cleaner 机油滤清器13.4 Oil cooling radiator 机油散热器发动机点火系14.2 Lead battery 铅蓄电池14.3 Ignition coil 点火线圈14.4 Distributor 分电器14.5 Spark plug 火花塞14.6 Electronic ignition 电子点火十五、Engine-starting system发动机起动系15.1 Starting system 起动系15.2 Electric starter 电动起动机十六、New type engines 新型发动机16.1 Rotary piston engine 旋转活塞发动机16.2 Gas turbine 燃气轮机16.3 Stirling engine 斯特林发动机（热气机）第三类 CHASSIS 底盘一、Drive line 传动系1.1 Layout of drive line 传动系示意图1.2 Friction clutch 摩擦离合器1.3 Hydrodynamic coupling 液力偶合器1.4 Gearbox-housing 变速器外壳1.5 Gearbox-gearing 变速器齿轮传动1.6 Gearbox-gear-shift 变速器换档机构1.7 Automatic transmission 自动变速器1.8 Transfer case 分动器1.9 Cardan shaft 万向传动器1.10 Flexible coupling 挠性联轴节1.11 Constant-velocity joint 等速万向节1.12 Drive axle 驱动桥1.13 Final drive 主减速器1.14 differential 差速器1.15 Half-axle,rear axle housing二、Running gear 行驶系2.1 Layout of main components 主要组成示意图2.2 Frame 车架2.3 Front axle 前桥2.4 Wheel 车轮2.5 Tire 轮胎2.6 Tire type 轮胎类型2.7 Front wheel independent suspension前轮独立悬架2.8 Rear wheel independent suspension后轮独立悬架2.9 Leaf spring 钢板弹簧2.10 Air suspension 空气悬架2.11 Hydro-pneumatic spring 液压充气弹簧2.12 Telescopic hydraulic shock absorber伸缩式液压减振器2.13 Cam hydraulic shock absorber凸轮式液压减振器三、Steering system 转向系Mechanical steering system 机械转向系3.2 Power steering system 动力转向系3.3 Steering mechanism 转向机构213.4 Steering gear 转向器3.5 Power steering 动力转向3.6 steering linkage 转向杆系四、 Braking system 制动系4.1 Braking principles 制动原理4.2 Drum brake 鼓式制动器4.2 Drum brake224.4 Hand brake 手制动器 （parking brake 驻车制动器）4.5 hydraulic brake system 液压制动系 4.6 Brake master cylinder,Wheel cylinder制动主缸，制动轮缸4.7 Compressed-air brake system 气压制动系 4.8 Anti-lock braking system 防抱死制动系第四类、BODY AND ACCESSORIES 车身及附属装置一、Car body 轿车车身二、All-steel body 全钢车身三、Car door 轿车车门四、Bus body 大客车车身2324五、Truck body 货车车身六、Special-transport vehicle body专用汽车车身七、Cab驾驶室八、Drivers place 驾驶员位置九、Instrument panel 仪表板十、Seat,Safety belt 座椅，安全带十一、Air conditioning 空调十二、Compressor 压缩机十三、Lighting 照明十四、Head Lamp 前大灯2526十五、Turnsignal lamp 转向灯十六、Windshield wiper 风窗刮水器十八、Horn 喇叭十九、Tools 工具27。

第一类 MOTOR VEHICLE 汽车一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.2 Bus 客车1.3 Motor truck 货车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组成2.2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能2.3 engine position 发动机布置第二类 ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造二、Essential term 基本术语六、Valve mechanism 配气机构 6.1 Side valve 侧置气门12.3 Fan,water pump 风扇，水泵发动机润滑系13.1 Pressure lubrication 压力润滑16.1 Rotary piston engine 旋转活塞发动机16.2 Gas turbine 燃气轮机16.3 Stirling engine 斯特林发动机（热气机）第三类 CHASSIS 底盘一、Drive line 传动系1.1 Layout of drive line 传动系示意图1.2 Friction clutch 摩擦离合器1.3 Hydrodynamic coupling 液力偶合器 1.4 Gearbox-housing 变速器外壳1.7 Automatic transmission 自动变速器1.15 Half-axle,rear axle housing2.1 Layout of main components 主要组成示2.4 Wheel 车轮2.5 Tire 轮胎2.7 Front wheel independent suspension前轮独立悬架 2.10 Air suspension 空气悬架三、Steering system 转向系Mechanical steering system 机械转向系3.3 Steering mechanism 转向机构 3.5 Power steering 动力转向3.6 steering linkage 转向杆系四、 Braking system 制动系4.1 Braking principles 制动原理4.2 Drum brake制动主缸，制动轮缸第四类、BODY AND ACCESSORIES 车身及附属装置一、Car body 轿车车身二、All-steel body 全钢车身四、Bus body 大客车车身七、Cab 驾驶室十二、Compressor 压缩机十三、Lighting 照明十四、Head Lamp 前大灯十五、Turnsignal lamp 转向灯。

汽车专业英语汇总一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.1 Car 轿车1。

2 Bus 客车1.3 Motor truck 货车1。

4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2。

1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组成2。

2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能2.3 engine position 发动机布置三、Vehicle dimensions汽车尺寸四、Wheel alignment前轮定位五、Diameter of turning circle 转弯直径第二类ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造二、Essential term 基本术语发动机工作原理3.1 Four—stroke gasoline engine operationprinciple3.2 Four—stroke diesel engine operationalprinciple3.3 Two—stroke gasoline engine operationprinciple3。

4 Two-stroke diesel engine operation principle二冲程柴油机工作原理四、Engine performance 发动机性能曲柄连杆机构5。

2 Piston,connecting rod 活塞连杆组5。

3 Crankshaft,flywheel 曲轴飞轮组六、Valve mechanism 配气机构6。

1 Side valve 侧置气门6。

2 Overhead valve 顶置气门6.3 Overhead valve 顶置气门6。

4 Valve-timing diagram 配气相位图七、Gasoline engine—fuel system汽油机供油泵7.1 Fuel system 供油泵7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器7。

第一类 MOTOR VEHICLE 汽车一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.2 Bus 客车1.3 Motor truck 货车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组2.2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能 2.3 engine position 发动机布置五、Diameter of turning circle 转弯直径第二类 ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器7. 3 Fuel pump,fuel filter 汽油泵，汽油滤7.4 Simple carburetor 简单化油器7.5 Carburetor 化油器第三类CHASSIS 底盘1.2 Friction clutch 摩擦离合器1.3 Hydrodynamic coupling 液力偶合器 1.4 Gearbox-housing 变速器外壳 1.5 Gearbox-gearing 变速器齿轮传动1.10 Flexible coupling 挠性联轴节 1.11 Constant-velocity joint 等速万向节 1.12 Drive axle 驱动桥1.13 Final drive 主减速器2.3 Front axle 前桥2.5 Tire 轮胎2.6 Tire type 轮胎类型2.8 Rear wheel independent suspension后轮独立悬架 2.9 Leaf spring 钢板弹簧2.10 Air suspension 空气悬架2.11 Hydro-pneumatic spring 液压充气弹簧 2.13 Cam hydraulic shock absorber凸轮式液压减振器3.5 Power steering 动力转向4.6 Brake master cylinder,Wheel cylinder制动主缸，制动轮缸4.8 Anti-lock braking system 防抱死制动系 第四类、BODY AND ACCESSORIES 车身及附属装置一、Car body 轿车车身二、All-steel body 全钢车身十二、Compressor 压缩机十五、Turnsignal lamp 转向灯。

第一类 M O T O R V E H I C L E汽车一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.2 Bus 客车1.3 Motor truck 货车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组成2.2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能2.3 engine position 发动机布置三、Vehicle dimensions汽车尺寸五、Diameter of turning circle 转弯直径第二类ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造二、Essential term 基本术语三、Engine operation principle发动机工作原理3.1 Four-stroke gasoline engine operation principle四冲程汽油机工作原理3.2 Four-stroke diesel engine operational principle四冲程柴油机工作原理3.3 Two-stroke gasoline engine operation principle二冲程汽油机工作原理3.4 Two-stroke diesel engine operation principle二冲程柴油机工作原理四、Engine performance 发动机性能曲柄连杆机构5.2 Piston,connecting rod 活塞连杆组5.3 Crankshaft,flywheel 曲轴飞轮组六、Valve mechanism 配气机构6.1 Side valve 侧置气门6.2 Overhead valve 顶置气门6.3 Overhead valve 顶置气门6.4 Valve-timing diagram 配气相位图七、Gasoline engine-fuel system汽油机供油泵7.1 Fuel system 供油泵7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器7. 3 Fuel pump,fuel filter汽油泵，汽油滤清器7.4 Simple carburetor 简单化油器7.5 Carburetor 化油器7.6 Carburetor elements化油器零件7.7 Carburetor control 化油器操纵件7.8 Gasoline injection 汽油喷射7.9 Electric fuel pump,Injector电动汽油泵,喷油器7.10 Sensor 传感器八、Diesel engine-fuel system柴油机工友系8.1 Fuel system 供油泵8.2 Combustion chamber 燃烧室8.3 Injection pump 喷油泵8.4 Injection 喷油器8.5 Speed governor 调速器九、Exhaust system 排气系统十、Turbo-supercharging 蜗轮增压10.1 Turbocharging system 蜗轮增压系统10.2 Turbocharger 蜗轮增压器十一、Emission control 排污控制11.1 Emission control system 排污控制系统11.2 Catalytic convertor 催化转化器十二、Engine-cooling system发动机冷却机12.1 Water cooling system 水冷系12.2 Radiator 传感器12.3 Fan,water pump 风扇，水泵12.4 Air cooling system 风冷系十三、Engine-lubrication system发动机润滑系13.1 Pressure lubrication 压力润滑13.2 Oil pump 机油泵13.3 Oil cleaner 机油滤清器13.4 Oil cooling radiator 机油散热器十四、Engine-ignition system发动机点火系14.2 Lead battery 铅蓄电池14.3 Ignition coil 点火线圈14.4 Distributor 分电器14.5 Spark plug 火花塞14.6 Electronic ignition 电子点火十五、Engine-starting system发动机起动系15.1 Starting system 起动系15.2 Electric starter 电动起动机十六、New type engines 新型发动机16.1 Rotary piston engine 旋转活塞发动机16.2 Gas turbine 燃气轮机16.3 Stirling engine 斯特林发动机（热气机）第三类 CHASSIS 底盘一、Drive line 传动系1.1 Layout of drive line 传动系示意图 1.2 Friction clutch 摩擦离合器1.3 Hydrodynamic coupling 液力偶合器1.4 Gearbox-housing 变速器外壳1.5 Gearbox-gearing 变速器齿轮传动1.6 Gearbox-gear-shift 变速器换档机构1.7 Automatic transmission 自动变速器1.8 Transfer case 分动器1.9 Cardan shaft 万向传动器1.10 Flexible coupling 挠性联轴节1.11 Constant-velocity joint 等速万向节1.12 Drive axle 驱动桥1.13 Final drive 主减速器1.14 differential 差速器1.15 Half-axle,rear axle housing二、Running gear 行驶系2.1 Layout of main components 主要组成示意图2.2 Frame 车架2.3 Front axle 前桥2.4 Wheel 车轮2.5 Tire 轮胎2.6 Tire type 轮胎类型2.7 Front wheel independent suspension前轮独立悬架2.8 Rear wheel independent suspension后轮独立悬架2.9 Leaf spring 钢板弹簧2.10 Air suspension 空气悬架2.11 Hydro-pneumatic spring 液压充气弹簧2.12 Telescopic hydraulic shock absorber伸缩式液压减振器2.13 Cam hydraulic shock absorber凸轮式液压减振器三、Steering system 转向系Mechanical steering system 机械转向系3.2 Power steering system 动力转向系3.3 Steering mechanism 转向机构3.4 Steering gear 转向器3.5 Power steering 动力转向3.6 steering linkage 转向杆系四、Braking system 制动系4.1 Braking principles 制动原理4.2 Drum brake 鼓式制动器4.2 Drum brake4.4 Hand brake 手制动器（parking brake 驻车制动器）214.5 hydraulic brake system 液压制动系4.6 Brake master cylinder,Wheel cylinder制动主缸，制动轮缸4.7 Compressed-air brake system 气压制动系4.8 Anti-lock braking system 防抱死制动系第四类、BODY AND ACCESSORIES 车身及附属装置一、Car body 轿车车身二、All-steel body 全钢车身22三、Car door 轿车车门四、Bus body 大客车车身五、Truck body 货车车身23六、Special-transport vehicle body专用汽车车身七、Cab 驾驶室八、Drivers place 驾驶员位置九、Instrument panel仪表板十、Seat,Safety belt 座椅，安全带十一、Air conditioning 空调24十二、Compressor 压缩机十三、Lighting 照明十四、Head Lamp 前大灯十五、Turnsignal lamp 转向灯25十六、Windshield wiper 风窗刮水器十八、Horn 喇叭十九、Tools 工具2627。

第一类 MOTOR VEHICLE 汽车一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.2 Bus 客车1.3 Motor truck 货车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组成2.2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能2.3 engine position 发动机布置第二类 ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造二、Essential term 基本术语六、Valve mechanism 配气机构 6.1 Side valve 侧置气门12.3 Fan,water pump 风扇，水泵发动机润滑系13.1 Pressure lubrication 压力润滑16.1 Rotary piston engine 旋转活塞发动机16.2 Gas turbine 燃气轮机16.3 Stirling engine 斯特林发动机（热气机）第三类 CHASSIS 底盘一、Drive line 传动系1.1 Layout of drive line 传动系示意图1.2 Friction clutch 摩擦离合器1.3 Hydrodynamic coupling 液力偶合器 1.4 Gearbox-housing 变速器外壳1.7 Automatic transmission 自动变速器1.15 Half-axle,rear axle housing2.1 Layout of main components 主要组成示2.4 Wheel 车轮2.5 Tire 轮胎2.7 Front wheel independent suspension前轮独立悬架 2.10 Air suspension 空气悬架三、Steering system 转向系Mechanical steering system 机械转向系3.3 Steering mechanism 转向机构 3.5 Power steering 动力转向3.6 steering linkage 转向杆系四、 Braking system 制动系4.1 Braking principles 制动原理4.2 Drum brake制动主缸，制动轮缸第四类、BODY AND ACCESSORIES 车身及附属装置一、Car body 轿车车身二、All-steel body 全钢车身四、Bus body 大客车车身七、Cab 驾驶室十二、Compressor 压缩机十三、Lighting 照明十四、Head Lamp 前大灯十五、Turnsignal lamp 转向灯。

汽车构造英语词汇汽车 automobile拖拉机 tractor铁路机车 locomotive有轨电车 tram无轨电车 trolley军用车辆 military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民经济 national economy国内生产总值 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放 reform and opening技术引进 technical import国产化 localization支柱产业 pillar estate轿车 car客车 bus, coach货车 truck, lorry公路用车 road vehicle非公路用车 off-road vehicle发动机 engine机体 engine body曲柄连杆机构 crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构 valve timing mechanism供给系 fuel supply system冷却系 cooling system润滑系 lubricating system点火系 ignition system起动系 starting system底盘 chassis传动系 power train离合器 clutch变速器 gear box传动轴 propeller shaft驱动桥 drive axle行驶系 running gear车架 frame悬架 suspension前轴 front axle桥壳 axle housing车轮 wheel转向系 steering system转向盘 steering wheel转向器 steering gear转向传动装置 steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制动系 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device传动装置 transfer device制动器 brake车身 body车前板制件 front end panels车身壳体 body shell车门 door车窗 window附属装置 auxiliary device货箱 carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动 (FR) front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动 (FF) front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动 (RR) rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动 (MR) midship engine rear drive全轮驱动 (nWD) all wheel drive驱动力 tractive force阻力 resistance滚动阻力 rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力 gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机 two stroke engine四冲程发动机 four stroke engine水冷发动机 water cooled engine风冷发动机 air cooled engine上止点 (UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke汽缸直径 bore工作容积 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement进气行程 intake stroke压缩行程 compression stroke压缩比 compression ratio做功行程 working stroke爆燃，敲缸 detonation, knock 排气行程 exhaust stroke示功图 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston连杆 connecting rod曲轴 crankshaft飞轮 flywheel进气门 intake valve排气门 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod摇臂 rocker凸轮轴 camshaft正时齿轮 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油泵 fuel pump汽油滤清器 gasoline filter 化油器 carburetor空气滤清器 air cleaner进气管 intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火线圈 ignition coil断电器 breaker蓄电池 storage battery发电机 generator水泵 water pump散热器 radiator风扇 fan放水阀 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油泵 oil pump集滤器 suction filter限压阀 relief valve润滑油道 oil passage机油滤清器 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起动机 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效转矩 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性 engine speed characteristic 节气门开度 throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic外特性 outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner发动机支承 engine mounting活塞顶 piston top活塞头部 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt开槽 slot活塞环 piston ring气环 compression ring油环 oil ring环槽 groove活塞销 piston pin主轴承 main bearing主轴承盖 main bearing cap主轴瓦 main shell连杆轴承 big end bearing连杆盖 big end cap起动爪 cranking claw带轮 pulley平衡重 counter weight发火顺序 firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门 (OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴 (OHC) Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴 (SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机 multi-valve engine气门间隙 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气门杆 valve stem气门座 valve seat气门导管 valve guide气门弹簧 valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分馏 distil蒸发性 evaporating property热值 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛烷值 (RON) Research Octane Number过量空气系数 coefficient of excessive air理论混合气 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture浓混合气 thick mixture主供油系统 main supply system怠速系统 idle system加浓系统 thickening system加速系统 accelerating system浮子 float浮子室 float chamber针阀 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻风门 choke滤芯 filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup泵膜 pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉垫 a**estos pad预热 pre-heating汽油直接喷射 gasoline direct injection 电控 electronic control多点喷射 muti-point injection单点喷射 single point injection电路控制 circuit control分电器信号 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal 第五章柴油机供给系输油泵 transfer pump喷油泵 fuel injection pump高压油管 high pressure fuel pipe发火性 ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point备燃期 pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period缓燃期 slow combustion period燃烧室 combustion chamber统一燃烧室 united chamber球形燃烧室 ball shape chamber涡流室 turbulence chamber预燃室 pri-combustion chamber喷油器 injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油阀 delivery valve调速器 governor两速调速器 two speed governor全速调速器 full speed governor定速调速器 fixed speed governor综合调速器 combined governor气动调速器 pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器 mechanical centrifugal governor复合式调速器 complex governor喷油提前角调节装置 advancer飞块 flyweight联轴节 coupling粗滤清器 primary filter细滤清器 secondary filter涡轮增压器 turbocharger中间冷却器 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器 thermostat防冻液 anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶 compensation reservoirV-带 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循环 big circulation小循环 small circulation散热翅片 fins第八章润滑系润滑剂 lubricant压力润滑 pressure lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑脂 grease机油压力传感器 oil pressure sensor 油封 oil seal旁通阀 bypass valve机油散热器 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲轴箱通风 crankcase ventilation 第九章点火系一次绕组 primary winding二次绕组 secondary winding热敏电阻 heat sensitive resistance 点火提前 ignition advance分电器 distributor活动触点 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火头 distributor rotor arm电容器 condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器 octane number rectifier中心电极 central electrode侧电极 side electrode瓷绝缘体 ceramic insulator跳火间隙 spark gap半导体点火系 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍尔效应 Hall effect正极板 anode负极板 cathode隔板 separator电解液 electrolyte蓄电池格 battery cell接线柱 terminal电缆 cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor转子 rotor定子 stator电刷 brush风扇叶轮 fan blade电压调节器 voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动 cranking电热塞 electric heater plug串激直流发电机 serial wound D.C. motor起动齿圈 starter ring电磁操纵机构 electro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞 triangular piston转子发动机 rotary engine自转 rotary motion, rotation公转 orbit motion轨迹 trajectory齿轮 gear齿圈 ring gear往复零件 reciprocal parts动平衡 dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机 gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系 mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式传动系 static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系 electrical transmission自动式传动系 automatic transmission减速 reduction可变速比 variable ratios有级变速 definite ratios无级变速 indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission一般布置 general layout发动机横置 lateral engine positioning分动器 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离彻底 thorough separation过载 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦衬片 friction liner毂 hub主动部分 driving part从动部分 driven part花键 spline压盘 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离轴承 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离* release fork间隙调整 clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke铆钉，铆接 rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器 central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器 diaphragm spring clutch 非线性 non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft 输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft 中间轴 counter shaft倒挡轴 reverse gear shaft常啮合 constant mesh低速挡 low gear高速挡 high gear最高速挡 top gear空挡 neutral gear一挡 the first gear二挡 the second gear三挡 the third gear倒挡 reverse gear直接挡 direct gear超速挡 overdrive动力输出 power take-off换挡 shift啮合套 sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同步锥面 synchro cone变速杆 shifting lever手柄 handle球铰链 ball joint换挡拨* shifting fork自锁 self-lock互锁 inter-lock变速驱动桥 transaxle加力挡 low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling 泵轮 impeller涡轮 turbine叶片 blade液力变矩器 torque converter 导轮 stator行星齿轮系 planetary gear system太阳轮 sun gear行星轮 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier齿圈 ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节 universal joint, U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint*子 yoke, fork十字轴 spider, center cross滚针轴承 needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双联式万向节 dual Cardan type U-joint球*式万向节 Weiss type U-joint球笼式万向节 Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架，球笼 retainer, ball cage挠性万向节 flexible U-joint无缝钢管 seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器 final drive主动（小）齿轮 drive pinion从动（大）齿轮 ring gear伞齿轮 bevel gear双曲面齿轮 hypoid gear单级减速 single reduction双级减速 double reduction贯通式主减速器 penetrable final drive双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive轮边减速器 wheel reduction差速器 differential半轴齿轮 differential side gear差速锁 differential lock轴间差速器 inter-axle differential lock 托森差速器 torque sensitive differential。