语法精讲
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根据阅读和写作的需要，精讲语法原理。建议安装金山词霸，打开桌面取词。
英语中词性可以分为名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、代词、限定词、感叹词等。
第一章 形容词adj
一、 classification 分类
simple adj 简单形容词 red, purple, confident, rude, brutal, cruel,
atrocious,
compound : 复合形容词
bitter-sweet 又苦又甜的, 苦乐参半的
deaf-mute
good-looking
easy-going随和的
hard-working
kind-hearted
grass-green 2 duty-free
war-weary 厌倦战争的
ocean-going 远洋航行的
law-abiding 守法的
mouth-watering 流口水的
hand-made
suntanned 给太阳晒黑的
well-meant 出自善意的, 没有恶意的
one-eyed
three-legged
static adj: 静态形容词
tall short big small shallow deep ugly beautiful solid liquid fat thin
dark
dynamic adj 动态形容词
Angry
Calm
happy
sad
cheerful
dull
faithful 3 generous
gentle
jealous （妒忌的）
loyal
nice
noisy
obstinate （固执的）
rude
sensible （明智的）
slow spiteful （ 恶意的）
suspicious（怀疑的）
timid（羞怯的）
unscrupulous（肆无忌惮的, 无道德的, 不谨慎的）
vicious
wicked （不道德的, 恶意的, 刻毒的）
静态形容词不能用在下列句型中：
He is being sensible.
Be patient!
I persuade her to be suspicious.
二、active and passive 表示主动意义的和被动意义的形容词的区别
dangerous endangered 4 desirous desirable
delightful delighted
frightful frightened
harmful harmed
satisfactory satisfied
respectful respectable
三、order 次序：仅仅当一个名词前出现两个以上形容词时考虑
a charming small round old brown French wooden writing desk
-thing,-one, -body 后置
sum total
phrase 后置
all those present, the present situation
四、 搭配
（一）adj+prep 形容词和介词的搭配
be absent from
be accustomed to
be afraid of
be ashamed of
be blind to
be busy with
be confident of
be content with 5 be close to
be dear to
be dependent on
be equal to
be experienced in
be faithful to
be famous for
be good at
be inferior to
be keen on
be proud of
be sick of weary jealous tired
be sure of
be true to life
weak in
be worthy of
be worried about
（二）fixed collocation 固定搭配
at its busiest
at his best and liveliest
the former…the latter
for better or worse 6 all of a sudden
in brief
in vain
in general通常,大体上, 一般而言
at large 未被捕的, 详尽, 普遍
of old古时的, 从前的, 很久以前的
in particular特别
in short简而言之
for short简称, 缩写
go from bad to worse
far from satisfactory
五、function 功能
形容词在句子中能充当定语、表语、宾补，偶然用作状语。
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第二章 adv 副词
一、 分类：时间、地点、方式、程度、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状语
（一）time: 时间
always, at time, frequently, now and then, often, occasionally,
sometimes, seldom, time and again, usually, on several occasions
for two years, the whole day, all day long, from morning till night,
since…, until, since he came here.
For a day or two every month last year
（二）place: 地点
（三）manners: 方式
By work and study he became an engineer.
He killed two birds with one stone. 9 He writes with his left hand.
He behaves like his father.
He comes from New York.
（四）degree: 程度
quite, very much, a great deal, exceedingly, thoroughly, fully, really,
definitely, entirely, to the last degree;
a little, a bit, a slightly, almost, nearly, scarcely, hardly, to some
extent, kind of, somewhat, to a certain degree,
How much of a poet is he?
He is something of a poet.
He is not much of a scholar.
（五）Purpose 目的
to do,
on purpose
for
in order to, so as to,
（六）Reason 原因
doing, done, clause
red with anger
（七）Result 结果
to do, doing, done,
（八）condition 条件 10 on condition that…
with change of place we change our ideas and feelings.
But for
In case of rain bring your raincoat with you.
In the event of unfavorable weather the match may be put off until
another date.
To do, doing, done
（九）concession 让步
For all (that) he seems to dislike me, I still like him.
For all his wealth, he is not happy.
In spite of
Despite
（十）评注性状语 表示说话者的态度、情感：
personally, honestly, fortunately, hopefully:
of course, in my opinion, in short, to my regret, as a matter of fact;
more important, worse still, most important of all,
（十一）连接性状语
列举、顺序、总结：for a start, secondly, in the first place, first
of all, in conclusion, in a word
意义增补、引深： again, and furthermore, and moreover, in
addition,
等同： likewise, similarly, in other words, equally,
