论投保人的告知义务

目 录

论文摘要 .......................................................................................................................................... 1

关 键 词 .......................................................................................................................................... 1

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 1

Keywords ......................................................................................................................................... 1

前言 .................................................................................................................................................. 1

一、投保人告知义务的基本内涵 .................................................................................................. 2

（一）投保人告知义务的概念 .............................................................................................. 2

（二）投保人告知义务的法理基础....................................................................................... 2

（三）投保人告知义务的履行方式....................................................................................... 2

（四）投保人告知义务的意义 .............................................................................................. 2

二、告知义务的违反及后果 .......................................................................................................... 3

（一）如实告知的事项范围 .................................................................................................. 3

（二）违反告知义务的含义 .................................................................................................. 3

三、如实告知中问题的完善 .......................................................................................................... 4

（一）对保险人解除合同的限制 .......................................................................................... 4

（二）危险增加通知义务的完善 .......................................................................................... 4

（三）保证义务的完善 .......................................................................................................... 5

（四）弃权与禁止反言的完善 .............................................................................................. 5

结语 .................................................................................................................................................. 5

参考文献 .......................................................................................................................................... 5

1 论投保人的告知义务

[论文摘要]如实告知制度是保险法上一项传统而又特有的制度,合理、完善的如实告知制度有利于保险业的健康发展,综观各国立法例,如实告知义务都被制定为一项法定义务。我国保险基本法《中华人民共和国保险法》对告知义务有所规范，但存在结构性缺陷且规范内容欠缺妥当性，由此引起的代价是巨大的。一方面，我国保险公司面临诚信的缺失和危机，危及行业的健康发展。另一方面，有些投保人认为在保险活动中受到了不公正的伤害，对保险缺乏信心。社会上流传的“投保容易，理赔难”是这种现象的一个缩影。本文就保险合同投保人告知义务的概念，法理基础，意义以及现实操作中的问题及解决方法进行了探讨。

[关 键 词]保险合同;投保人;如实告知;诚信信用原则;违反后果

Theory of policyholders tell obligation

Abstract：Insurance is a dangerous business, and manages in the insurance business, the insurance

company for accurate evaluation and control of a peril insured against is an eternal proposition.

Truthfully inform system is insurance law on a traditional and unique system, reasonable and perfect

truthfully inform system is conducive to the healthy development of insurance industry, through

national legislation example, truthfully inform obligation is formulated as a legal obligation. The

basic law of insurance in our country "insurance law of the People's Republic of China" to regulate

inform obligation, but there are structural flaws and specification content lack appropriate, the

resulting cost is huge. On the one hand, China's insurance companies are facing the lack of integrity

and crisis, endangering the health of the industry development. On the other hand, some

policy-holder think in insurance activities have been unfairly damage, insurance is a lack of

confidence. "Circulating on the social insurance is easy, difficult to claim" is a microcosm of the

phenomenon.

In this paper, the concept of insurance contract is policy-holder inform obligation, legal basis,

significance and the problems and solutions in real operation are discussed in this paper.

Keywords：Insurance contract, Policy-holder, Truthfully inform, The honest credit principle, In

violation of the consequences

前言

保险合同是最大诚信合同，为了保证保险活动的正常秩序，保险人需要对保险标的的相关情况进行了解。但是由于保险人面对大量的投保人，无法亲自了解个别保险标的的情况，因而处于非常不利的地位。同时由于保险合同通常为格式合同这一特点，也使得投保人面对具有专业知识、经验丰富的保险人相对处于弱者的地位。鉴于上述情况，为了充分保护保险合同双方当事人的合法权益，有效发挥保险合同的功能，订立保险合同，保险人应当向投保人说明保险合同的条款内容，并可以就保险标的或者被保险人的有关情况提出询问，投保人应当如实告知。这是对保险合同当事人说明告知义务的规定，法律规定这项义务遵循的是最大诚信原则，其目的是保证保险合同公