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全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>全新版大学英语第二册UNIT6 全新版大学英语第二册UNIT6Unit 6 Animal Intelligence<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Pre-reading ActivitiesSpot dictation Questions Answers Watch DiscussText AnalysisMain idea and devices for developing itExpressions PatternsHow to apply to our real life the typical expressions and patterns taken from the textSummaryBlank fillingExercisesAll the exercises for Section AParagraph WritingTips for Para. writing<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Part I Pre-reading Task Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions: 1. What do you know about Michael Jackson? 2. How does he feel about Ben? Why? 3. Do you think the song Ben reveals something about the relationship between man and animals? If so, what is it? 4. Is the song related to the theme of the unit ― animal intelligence? Ho w?<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Part IIText A Food, warmth, sleep? Their thoughts may be much deeper than that. WHAT ***** REALLY THINK Euqene Linden Over the years, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the controversy that surrounds them. Do animals really have thoughts, what we call consciousness? Wondering whether there might be better ways to explore animal intelligence thanexperiments designed to teach human signs, I realized what now seems obvious: if animals can think, they will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to. And so I started talking to vets, animal researchers, zoo keepers. Most do not study animal intelligence, but they encounter it, and the lack of it, every day. The stories they tell us reveal what I'm convinced is a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet ― humans.<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Let's Make a Deal Consider the time Charlene Jendry, a conservationist at the Columbus Zoo, learned that a female gorilla named Colo was handling a suspicious object. Arriving on the scene, Jendry offered Colo some peanuts, only to be met with a blank stare. Realizing they were negotiating, Jendry raised the stakes and offered a piece of pineapple. At this point, while maintaining eye contact, Colo opened her hand and revealed a key chain. Relieved it was not anything dangerous or valuable, Jendry gave Colo the pineapple. Careful bargainer that she was, Colo then broke the key chain and gave Jendry a link, perhaps figuring. Why give her the whole thing if I can get a bit of pineapple for each piece? If an animal can show skill in trading one thing for another, why not in handling money? One orangutan named Chantek did just that in a sign-language study undertaken by anthropologist Lyn Miles at the University of Tennessee. Chantek figured out that if he did tasks like cleaning his room, he'd earn coins to spend on treats and rides in Miles's car. But the orangutan's understanding of money seemed to extend far beyond simple dealings. Miles first used plastic chips as coins, but C hantek decided he could expand the money supply by breakingchips in two. When Miles switched to metal chips, Chantek found pieces of tin foil and tried to make copies. Miles also tried to teach Chantek more virtuous habits such as saving and sharing. Indeed, when I caught up with the orangutan at Zoo Atlanta, where he now lives, I saw an example of sharing that anyone might envy. When Miles gave Chantek some grapes and asked him to share them, Chantek promptly ate all the fruit. Then, as if he'd just remembered he'd been asked to share, he handed Miles the stem<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Tale of a Whale Why would an animal want to cooperate with a human? Behaviorists would say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so. This is true, but I don't think it goes far enough. Gail Laule, a consultant on animal behavior, speaks of Orky, a killer whale, she knew. “Of all the animals I've worked with, he was the most intelligent,“ she says. "He would assess a situation and then do something based on the judgments he made." Like the time he helped save a family member. When Orky's mate, Corky, gave birth, the baby did not thrive at first, and keepers took the little whale out of the tank by stretcher for emergency care. Things began to go wrong when they returned the baby whale to the tank. As the workers halted the stretcher a few meters above the water, the baby suddenly began throwing up through its mouth. The keepers feared it would choke, but they could not reach the baby to help it. Apparently sizing up the problem, Orky swam under the stretcher and allowed one of the men to stand on his head, something he'd never been trained to do. Then, using his tail to keep steady, Orky let the keeper reach up and release the 420-pound baby so that it could slide into the water within reach of help.<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Primate Shell Game Sometimes evidence of intelligence can be seen in attempts to deceive. Zoo keeper Helen Shewman of Seattle's Woodland Park Zoo recalls that one day she dropped an orange through a feeding hole for Melati, an orangutan. Instead of moving away to get it, Melati looked Shewman in the eye and held out her hand. Thinking the orange must have rolled off somewhere inaccessible, Shewman gave her another one. But when Melati moved off, Shewman noticed the original orange was hidden in her other hand. Towan, the colony's dominant male, watched this whole trick, and the next day he, too, looked Shewman in the eye and pretended that he had not yet received an orange. "Are you sure you don't have one?" Shewman asked. He continued to hold her gaze steadily and held out his hand. Giving in, she gave him another one, then saw that he had been hiding his orange underneath his foot. What is intelligence anyway? If life is about survival of a species ― and intelligence is meant to serve that s urvival ― then we can't compare with pea-brained sea turtles, which were here long before us and survived the disaster that wiped out the dinosaurs. Still, it is com forting to realize that other species besides our own can stand back and assess the world around them, even if their horizons are more limited than ours. (928 words)<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>New Words and Expressionsextensively ad. to a large extent, or in a large amount 广泛地;大量地intelligence n. 智力intelligent a. 聪明的,有才智的controversy n. 争论,争议surround vt. be or go all around (sth. or sb.) 围绕;包围consciousness n. 意识explore vt. examine thoroughly, learn about 探究,探索<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>obvious a. easy to see and understand; clear 明显的vet n. 兽医encounter vt. meet, esp. unexpectedly 遇到,遭遇reveal vt. make (sth.) known 展示;揭露convince vt. make (sb.) feel sure by the use of argument or evidence 使确信,使信服feat▲ n. 技艺;业绩,功绩captivity n. 被俘;监禁;束缚<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>dominant a. ruling; most important or strongest 统治的;占优势的species n. (单复同)物种make a deal reach an agreement or arrangement, esp. in business or politics 达成交易conservationist n. 自然资源保护论者female a. 雌的;女(性)的n. 雌性的动物或植物;女人gorilla n. 大猩猩suspicious▲ a. causing or showing a feeling that sth. is wrong 可疑的;猜疑的<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>peanut▲ n. 花生blank a. without expression; without writing, or other marks 没有表情的;空白negotiate vi. discuss in order to come to an agreement 谈判,协商stake n. (usu.pl) 奖品;奖金;赌注pineapple n. 凤梨,菠萝maintain vt. continue to do or have (sth.) 保持;继续relieve vt. free (sb.) from pain, anxiety, etc.; ease (pain, anxiety, etc.) 使减轻痛苦或焦虑等;减轻(痛苦或焦虑等)<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>link n. 链环;环节;联系v. join or connect 联系,连接orangutan n. 猩猩undertake vt. (undertook, undertaken) carry out; take upon oneself (a task, etc.) 从事;承担(任务等anthropologist n. 人类学者figure out understand; reason out 理解;推断出extend v. (cause to) stretch or reach; make larger or longer 延伸,伸展;扩大;加长dealing n. (usu.pl) business relations 交易,买卖<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>plastic a. 塑料的chip n. 薄片;碎片;集成电路片expand v. (cause to) grow larger 扩大,扩展switch v. change; shift 转换,变换foil▲ n. 金属薄片,箔virtuous a. showing moral goodness 有道德的;善良的envy vt., n. 妒忌;羡慕grape n. 葡萄<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>promptly ad. immediately 立即地stem n. 茎,(树)干,(叶)梗whale n. 鲸cooperate vi. act or work together 合作,协作behaviorist n. 行为主义者in sb.'s interest(s) to sb.'s advantage 为了某人的利益go far help very much; achieve much success 帮助很大;很有成效<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>consultant n. 顾问behavior n. the way one acts or behaves 举止,行为assess vt. judge the quality, importance or worth of 评估,估量judgment n. 判断;意见,看法mate n. 配偶;伙伴,同事thrive vi. grow strong and healthy; develop well 茁壮成长;兴旺at first at the beginning 起先<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>stretcher n. 担架emergency n. an unexpected anddangerous happening which must be dealt with at once 紧急情况;突然事件go wrong stop developing well 有毛病,出故障halt v. (cause to) stop 停住,停止throw up (infml) vomit 呕吐apparently ad. it is clear (that) 明显地size up carefully examine (a situation or person) in order to make a judgement 估量,判断<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>release vt. set free 释放slide v. (cause to) move smoothly along a surface (使)滑动primate n. 灵长目动物evidence n. sth. that gives a reason for believing sth.; trace 证据;迹象deceive v. try to make(sb.) believe sth. that is false 欺骗inaccessible a. very difficult or impossible to reach 达不到的;难得到的original a. first or earliest 最初的;原始的<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>colony n. (生长在同一地方的动物或植物)群,群体;殖民地male n. 雄性动物或植物;男子a. 雄的;男(性)的gaze n., v. 凝视,注视give in让步;屈服;投降underneath prep., ad. under or below 在…下面,在…底下pea-brained a. 笨的turtle n. (海)龟<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>survive v. remain alive in spite of; continue to live or exist after 幸免于;继续存在,幸存survival n. disaster n. an event causing great suffering and damage 灾难wipe out get rid of or destroy 消灭,消除dinosaur n. 恐龙horizon n. 眼界,见识;地平线<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Proper Names Ugene Linden 尤金林登Charlene Jendry 查伦延德里Columbus Zoo 哥伦布动物园Colo 科洛(文中指动物名) Chantek 夏特克(文中指动物名) Lyn Miles 琳迈尔斯University of Tennessee 田纳西大学Zoo Atlanta 亚特兰大动物园<i>全新版大学英语综合教程第一册06</i>Gail Laule 盖尔劳尔Orky 奥基(文中指动物名) Corky 科基(文中指动物名) Helen Shewman 海伦休曼Seattle 西雅图(美国华盛顿州西部港市) Woodland Park Zoo 伍德兰公园动物园Melati 梅拉蒂(文中指动物名) Towan 托温(文中指动物名。
全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程第1册Unit6Romance 课堂笔记Before Reading >> Love SongDo you have a favorite love song? What is its name? Who is the singer? Can you sing it or hum the tune?Before Reading >> Saint Valentine’s DayI. St. Valentine’s StoryNew Words in the Storypriest牧师Claudius 克劳迪亚斯ceremony 典礼，仪式jailer看守监狱的⼈，狱卒Rome 罗马volunteer ⾃愿behead斩⾸，砍…的头St. Valentine’s StoryValentine was a priest living in Rome during the third century. At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. He wanted to have a big army and expected men to volunteer to join. However many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. This made Claudius very angry. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius banned marriage even engagement from his empire. But Valentine would keep on performing marriage ceremonies secretly. He was caught by the soldiers at a wedding, and was thrown into prison and beheaded.Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his jailer when he was in prison. Before he was taken to his death on February 14, 269 A.D., he signed a farewell message to her, “Love from your Valentine.” That note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine’s Da y.Questions and Answers1. When did Valentine live?(He was living during the third century.)2. What was Valentine?(He was a priest.)3. What did he do to help young lovers?(He kept performing marriage ceremonies secretly for the young lovers in s pite of Claudius’s ban.)4. When was he killed?(He was killed on February 14, 269 A.D..)5. Is there any day like Saint Valentine’s Day in China?(The seventh day of the seventh lunar month is the Chinese Lovers’ Day. The most popular story mentioned in connection with this festiv al is that of “the Cowherd and the Weaving Girl”.)II. Valentine Traditions- In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. “Wear your heart o n your sleeve” now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling.- If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will also know how many children you will have.- In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant “You unlock my heart!”III. Birds and LoveEuropeans also believe that Feb. 14th is the day when birds begin to choose their mates. Chaucer, Shakespeare, and numerous other poets mention the tradition in their works. In accordance with the tradition, it is believed that a young girl will be able to tell what type of man she will marry based upon the first bird tha t she sees on Valentine’s Da y.- If a young girl sees a blackbird, she will marry a clergyman or priest.- If a young girl sees a robin redbreast, she will marry a sailor or nautical man.- If a young girl sees a goldfinch (or any yellow bird), she will marry a rich man.- If a young girl sees a sparrow, she will marry a farmer or country gentleman.- If a young girl sees a bluebird, she will marry a happy man.- If a young girl sees a crossbill, she will marry an argumentative man.- If a young girl sees a dove, she will marry a good man.- If a young girl sees a woodpecker, she will have no husband.Before Reading >> Public Libraries in the U.S.Public libraries in the U.S. are free to the public. One can get a library card at a local library by filling in a form and showing the librarian a valid ID and something to prove one lives in the neighborhood (e.g., a used and stamped envelope with one’s name as the addressee (收信⼈), one’s phone bill, gas bill, etc.). Besides borrowing books, people go to libraries to borro w videotapes, use the computers there, and attend book readings by authors and other cultural events. Libraries are regarded as community centers.Before Reading >> Group DiscussionDo you think that cyber love is believable and reliable? Why or why not?Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 Questions and AnswersRead Part 1 carefully and answer the following questions.1. What do you think is the reason that John Blanchard came to the Grand Central Station?(To meet somebody not seen before.)2. Who do you think he was waiting for?(His lover or girlfriend.)3. Why did he straighten his uniform?(To make himself more attractive.)II. For Part 2 Sentence CompletionRead Part 2 carefully and supply the missing information.1. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind.2. With time and effort he located her address.3. I’d always be haunted by the f eeling that you had been taking a chance on just my beauty, which would disgust me.4. She was a girl he had never seen, yet whose written words had been with him and sustained him unfailingly.III. For Part 3 Multiple ChoiceRead Part 3 carefully and choose the best answer for each question.1. Who was coming toward Blanchard? _______. (B)A. A middle-aged womanB. A young beautiful ladyC. A worn-out soldierD. A lively and naive pupil2. The young lady was dressed in ________. (D)A. the red suitB. the yellow suitC. the blue suitD. the green suit3. How old was the “supposed” Hollis Maynell? ________. (C)A. Over 20B. Over 30C. Over 40D. Over 504. While he spoke Blanchard felt choked by the bitterness of his __________. (A)A. disappointmentB. happinessC. excitementD. enjoyment5. Why did Miss Maynell ask the middle-aged woman to act as her? __________. (D)A. It was a jokeB. It was a sense of humorC. It was April Fool’s DayD. It was some kind of testIV. For Part 4 Questions and AnswersRead Part 4 carefully and answer the following questions.1. What did Miss Maynell want to find out through the test?(The true nature of a heart.)2. How do you understand Houssaye’s remark “tell me whom you love, and I will tell you who you are”?(I can judge you by the person you love. And the saying is equal to a Chinese proverb: 物以类聚，⼈以群分。
accumulate v.1.to gradually get or gather together an increasing number orquantity of (sth.)积累；积聚e.g.By investing wisely, she accumulated a fortune.她通过明智的投资积累了一笔财富。
I am accumulating evidence for the man’ s unfaithfulness to his wife.我在收集该男子对其妻子不忠的证据。
2.to increase in number or quantity累积e.g.Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.房间如果不经常打扫，灰尘和污物很快就累积起来了。
Word Family:accumulation n. 积聚，累积；堆积物comfort1.n. state of being physically relaxed and feeling no pain 安逸e.g.This will enable the audience to sit in comfort shows.这能让观众看演出时舒服地坐着。
舒适；舒服；while watching the2.n. help or kindness to sb. who has been worried or unhappy安慰；慰藉e.g.The news brought comfort to all of us.这条消息让我们都感到安慰。
3.v. to make sb. who is worried or unhappy feel better by being kindand sympathetic to them安慰e.g.The child ran to its mother to be comforted.孩子跑到母亲身边以求得安慰。
