《外语考研二外英语词汇语法高分特训1100题》-单项选择替换【圣才出品】
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单项选择替换
◇名词及名词词组
1. A land ethic of course cannot prevent the conversion, management, and use of the resources of soil, waters, plants and animals.
A. altercation
B. alternation
C. alteration
D. allocation
【答案】C
【解析】句意：土地伦理观并不能阻止这种改变、管理和对土壤、河流、植物、动物资源的利用。
conversion改变，改造。
alteration与之同义。
altercation口角，争论。
alternation 交替，轮流。
allocation配给。
2. In the absence of a breadwinner, girls are the most likely to be denied entrance to school to head a household.
A. admission
B. access
C. admittance
D. admiration
【答案】B
【解析】entrance进入之权利。
access与之同义。
admission承认，许可。
admittance 入场权。
admiration赞赏，钦佩。
3. The HIV/AIDS pandemic is cutting into a generation of young adults—in Swaziland, it is estimated that three to four teachers die every week of AIDS.
A. epidemic
B. plague
C. pestilence
D. ailment
【答案】A
【解析】pandemic流行病。
epidemic与之同义。
plague瘟疫，灾害。
pestilence瘟疫（尤指鼠疫）。
ailment疾病，小病。
4. Heavy traffic on the Mississippi River brought affluence to Keokuk, Iowa, until the mid-nineteenth century, when the arrival of the railroads diverted river shipping.
A. wealth
B. tourism
C. development
D. commerce
【答案】A
【解析】affluence富裕，富足。
wealth与之同义。
tourism观光事业，游览。
development 发展。
commerce商业，贸易。
5. George Pullman, who invented the railroad sleeping car, designed a town for his factory employees in the outskirts of Chicago.
A. surrounding regions
B. stock yards
C. manufacturing district
D. backstreets
【答案】A
【解析】句意：发明卧车车厢的乔治·普尔曼在芝加哥近郊为他的工厂职工设计了一个城镇。
outskirt近郊，边界。
surrounding region周围地区。
stock yard家畜饲养场。
manufacturing district生产厂区。
backstreet（贫穷地区的）后街小巷。
6. The combination of lenses in a compound microscope makes possible greater amplification than can be achieved with a single lens.
A. management
B. magnetism
C. magnificence
D. magnification
【答案】D
【解析】句意：多镜片的复式显微镜比单镜片的显微镜放大的倍率更大。
amplification放大，放大倍率。
magnification与之同义。
management经营，管理。
magnetism磁性。
magnificence富丽堂皇，华丽，宏大。
7. Permeable rocks have tiny openings of sufficient size to permit water to pass through them.
A. pores
B. tunnels
C. caves
D. trunks
【答案】A
【解析】句意：透水岩有细小的孔足够让水流通过。
tiny opening细小的孔。
pore毛孔，气孔，小孔。
tunnel隧道，地下道。
cave洞穴，凹陷。
trunk树干；大衣箱。
8. Juveniles who run away frequently seek out large metropolitan areas with the hope of gaining anonymity and being able to “hustle a living” more easily.
A. teenagers
B. dwarfs
C. theorists
D. economists
【答案】A
【解析】句意：经常离家出走的青少年更容易挑选大城市，希望能隐姓埋名，过忙忙碌碌的生活。
juvenile青少年。
teenager与之同义。
dwarf侏儒。
theorist理论家，空谈家。
economist经济学家。
9. The Navajo people of Arizona and New Mexico build their hogans, cone-shaped dwellings made of logs and earth, during the summer.
A. stadiums
B. residences
C. stacks
D. stalls
【答案】B
【解析】句意：亚利桑纳州和新墨西哥州的纳瓦霍人在夏季修建他们的小屋，是用原木和泥土建成的锥形的住所。
dwelling住宅，住处。
residence与之同义。
stadium体育场。
stack 草堆。
stall货摊；牛栏。
10. Scientific evidence from different fields of study demonstrates that in most
humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.
A. spectaculars
B. disciplines
C. spectrums
D. instructions
【答案】B
【解析】句意：不同研究领域的科学证据表明，绝大多数人是靠左半脑控制语言。
field of study研究领域。
discipline学科，科目。
spectacular盛大的场面；展览品。
spectrum系列；光谱。
instruction指令，命令。
11. By 1929, two years after the start of the “talkies”, motion picture theaters in
the United States were attracting 100 million patrons every week.
A. spies
B. proponents
C. customers
D. puppets
【答案】C
【解析】句意：到1929年，即有声电影出现两年后，美国动画影院就每周吸引1000万观众。
patron赞助人；顾客。
customer消费者，顾客。
spy间谍，特务。
proponent建设者，支持者。
puppet木偶，傀儡。
12. Most modern printing inks contain synthetic pigments, and solvents as well as
ingredients to promote drying.
A. chemicals
B. components
C. gems
D. stationeries
【答案】B
【解析】句意：大多数现代印刷用油墨含有合成色素、溶剂和促进干燥的成分。
ingredient 成分，组成部分。
component与之同义。
chemical化学药品。
gem宝石，珍宝。
stationery 文具。
