6单元定语从句的概念在复合句中

定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when， why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

（that作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

（作宾语）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。

在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。

例如：The girl who often helps me with myEnglish is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩英国人。

（作主语）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。

例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。

例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。

例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything，none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用wwhich.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：What’s that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。

例如：This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。

例如：This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。

例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

1. sing along with the music _______2. take CDs to the party _______3. play different kinds of music _______4. think of _______5. in different ways _______6. pop/popular music _______7. write music ____________8. dance music ____________9. 近几年来_______ 10. 务必11. 找乐_______ 12. 展览，陈列_______ 13. 提醒，使记起______ 14 追赶，赶上_______15. 据说16. 使某人高兴I like music that I can dance ______.A. withB. toC. alongD. on2. Some of her best loved photos are _______ display in this exhibition.A. onB. inC. atD. about3. There are many tall buildings on _______ sides of the street.A. eachB. everyC. bothD. either4. That is a watch of _______.A. hisB. himC. myD. me5. “Help _____ to some fish.” Mrs. Smith said to the children.A. youB. yourselfC. yourselvesD. yours6. I _____ singing to dancing.A. likeB. enjoyC. loveD. prefer7. He has a friend who _______ the piano very well.A. playB. playingC. playsD. played8. We _____ here two hours ago. We _______ here for two hours.A. have arrived, have beenB. have come, have beenC. came, have comeD. arrived, have been9. Though it was late, ______ he went on with his work.A. butB. andC. soD. \10. We will have a ______ holiday after the exam.A. two monthB. two - monthC. two-monthsD. two months、跟着…跳2、随着…唱3、使…想起4、多年来5、优点6、在当今世界7、使某人感兴趣8、一定要做某事9、顾名思义10、在热天11、合…的意，适合…12、老实说13、炒焦的食物14、增加癌症的发病率15、远离…16、一个叫…的CD17、油炸食品18、致癌19、比起…更喜欢…20、展览，陈列选择填空：( )1、I _____ singing to dancing.A. likeB. enjoyC. loveD. prefer( )2. Some of her best loved photos are _______ display in this exhibition.A. onB. inC. atD. about( )3.My friend Jack is from ______ European country. We all think he is ______ honest boy.A. a; aB. a; anC. an; anD. an; a( )4.—Smoking and drunkenness(酗酒) are both bad for people’s health.—Yes. So we should ______ cigarettes and alcohol（酒精）.A. shut downB. get on withC. stay away fromD.put away ( )5.He is expecting me _________tomorrow.A. to comingB. comeC. comingD. to come( ) 6. He has a friend who _______ the piano very well.A. playB. playingC. playsD. played( ) 7. Do you know the man ______ is sitting behind Nancy?A. whatB. whichC. whoD. whose( ) 8. My grandfather often tells me I do in the future, I should try my best to do it well.A. howeverB. whateverC. wheneverD. wherever( )9. Sorry, we don’t have the coat ______ you need.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. whom( )10---How about going hiking this weekend?---Sorry, I prefer _____rather than _____.A. to stay at home, go outB. to go out, stay at homeC. staying at home, go outD. going out, stay at home.( )11.The story reminded me ______ an experience I once had.A. ofB. toC. atD. on( )12.I like the music that I can sing ______.A. along andB. along withC. withD. along ( )13I hate people ______ talk much but do little.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. whose ( )14.I prefer watching TV to ______ music every day.A. listen toB. listenC. listening toD. listening( )15.I like this kind of music that I can dance ______.A. toB. inC. withD. along( )16.They met each other _____a cold winter day fifteen years ag o.A. onB. inC. atD. for( )17.Young children are given ______ food by their parents and grandparents.A. too manyB. too muchC. much tooD. many too ( )18.This kind of food is cooked by a cook _____ Jack.A. call b. calls C. called D. calling汉语提示完成单词1.The man with a camera is a __________ (摄影师)of a newspap2.He is good at taking___________(照片).He is very good at________ __(摄影).3.He ___________ (让…想起)me of his father, because he lookslike his father very much.4.We prefer music that has great________. (抒情词曲)5. ________(不论什么) you do, don’t miss thi s exhibition.6. Some of Amy Kim’s best loved photos are ________(展览) in thisexhibition.7. I ________ (喜欢) dance music _______(而不喜欢) jazz music.8. That woman ________(使记起) me of my aunt. They wear the samedress.9. Mary _________(不能忍受) the CDs that his brother plays, they’re toonoisy.10. As the name ________(暗示), the band has lots of energy.11. I _______(预计) that I shall be back on Sunday.12. Go on in front, I’ll soon ___________(赶上) with you.用所给单词的正确形式填空1. I like ____________(music) who can write their own lyrics.2. Farmers plant seeds ________ (main) in the spring.3. After the long walk, we felt very ___________(tiring).4. If you don’t sleep enough at night, you will feel ____________(happy) in different ways.5. ________ (actual), that student needs to study more to passthe exams.||6.Tomorrow is my birthday. Be sure ____________(come) to mybirthday party.7.That story is _______(interest), all the children like to read it.8. Arm Kim is one of the best know Chinese __________(photograph) in the world today.9. There’s lots of ________(difference) kinds food in that restaurant.10. I prefer ________(walk) to riding a bike.11. I listened to the music _______(call) Heart String last night.12. These ________(music) who make us happy.13. Shanghai is a great place________(visit).14. We must keep ______(quiet) in the library.15. Where’s the woman _______(who) watch was stolen yesterday.16. Some of the singers don’t sing words _________(clear).汉译英1、这幢建筑使我想起了我的母校。