1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。International business refers to transaction between parties from different
countries. It involves more factors and thus is more complicated than, domestic business.
2、有形贸易是指将在一国生产或制造的商品，出口或进口到另一国消费或转售。Visible
trade refers to exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in an-other.
3、外国直接投资，简称FDI。投资者通过控制其投资在他国的企业和资产获得回报。
Foreign direct investments of FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.
4、国民生产总值指一个经济体凭借其居民拥有的资产和劳动力所生产的货物和服务的市场价值。GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.
5、日本和中国是重要贸易伙伴，两国经济互补，又是一衣带水的近邻。中日贸易关系对两国都有重要的意义。With mutually complementary economy, Japan and China are
major trade partners, and the two countries are close neighbours separated only by a strip of water. Sino-Japanese relations are therefore of great importance to both countries.
6、加拿大和美国有很长的共同边境，而且大部分加拿大居民居住在边境地区。加美两佃以其富有的市场，拥有世界最大的双边贸易。Sharing a very long common border along
which most of the Canadian people live, Canade and the United States, with their respective rich market, enjoy the largest single bilateral trade in the world.
7、欧盟委员会是它的执行机构，有20个委员会，管理23个负责不同事务的部门。Its
executive body is the European Commission composed of 20 commissioners overseeing 23deaprtments in charge of different affairs.
8、尽管内部存在矛盾，外部有来自非欧佩克产油国的竞争，但欧佩克这个占世界产油量40%的组织对油价的影响是世界各国无法忽视的。Despite internal contradictions and
cornpetition from non-OPEC oil producing countries, the influence on oil prices by OPEC that accounts for 40% of the global oil production is something the world cannot afford to neglect.
9、过去十年中，亚太经济合作组织越来越受到人们的关注。由于中国在其中发挥了积极的作用，中国人尤其关注这个组织。Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation(APEC) has caught
more and more attention for the past decade, especially in China since the country is playing an active role it.
10、广阔的地域分布是跨国企业的一个特点，这使得它在资源和定价的决策上有很大的选择范围，也使它能更方便地利用世界经济的变化。Wide geographical spread is
characteristic of MNEs. It enables them to have a wide range of options in terms of decision-makings on sourcing and pricing. They are also more able to take advantage of changes in the international economic environment.
11、技术、资本和现成的市场是跨国企业组织带给欠发达国家的利益。跨国企业被认为是促进世界和各国经济发展的最有效的工具。Technology, capital and ready markets are
sort of benefits MNEs bring to less-developed countries. They are considered to be the most effective vehicle for the promoting of global and national economic welfare.
12、按照比较学说的观点，一国只要出口相对有优势的产品，而不是有绝对优势的产品，就可以从中受益。According to the comparative advantage, a country can benefit from trade
if only it has a comparative advantage, not absolute advantage, in producing certain product.
13、贸易的比较优势是基于比较优势理论，即各国生产相比较而言效率更高的那种特殊产品。更理想的是，各国集中专门生产它的特殊产品，然后再进行相互间的贸易。The
advantage of trade are based on the theory of comparative advantage, where each country produces a particular product more efficiently than another. Ideally, each country focuses
re-sources on producing its specialty, and then trades with one an-other.
14、总的来说，国际专门化理论寻求回答的是哪些国家将生产什么产品，以及采用什么样的贸易结构。To summarize, the theory of international specialization seeks to answer the question which countries will produce what goods, with what trade patterns among them.
15、最惠国待遇并不是什么特殊待遇，而只是正常的贸易地位。受惠国只是享有被征收关税表中最低关税的待遇。The most-favored nation treatment is not really a special
treatment but a normal trading status. The favored country is given the lowest tariffs only within the tariff schedule.
