16秋华师《翻译理论与技巧》在线作业

东北师范大学东师翻译16秋在线作业1一、单选题（共10 道试题，共40 分。

）1. 不搞改革，不坚持开放政策，我们确定的战略目标就不能实现。

A. If we do not carry out reforms and adhere to the opening-up policy, the strategic goals we have determined can not be achieved.B. Without carrying out reforms and following the opening-up policy, our strategic goals can not be reached.C. We can not achieve our strategic goals unless we carry out reforms and adhere to the opening-up policy.D. Without carrying out reforms and following the opening-up policy, it is impossible for us to reach our strategic goals.正确答案：2. 《心目中的河流》写出了他对于小河流水的深情，这使我回忆起我所热爱的无边无际的大海。

A. “A River at Heart”wrote out his deep feelings towards the small flowing river，which reminded me of my love for the boundless．vast sea．B. His deep feelings towards the small flowing river in “A River at Heart”reminded me Of my love for the vast sea．C. In“A River at Heart"．he expressed his deep feelings towards the flowing water of a creek，which reminded me of my own love for the boundless，vast sea．D. He expressed his deep feeling towards the flowing water of a creek in“A River at Heart”and reminded me of my own love for the boundless sea．正确答案：3. 第一次世界大战后，帝国主义对中国加紧侵略，北洋军阀政府对外妥协投降，对内残酷压迫人民，给中国带来了深重的民族危机。

Family PortraitMy mother, who is seventy years old, recently sent me a photograph of herself that I had never seen before. While cleaning out the attic of her Florida home, she came across a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married my father. This picture of my mother is about a twenty-year-old girl and the story behind it has fascinated me from the moment I began to consider it.The young in the picture has a face that resembles my own in many ways. Her face is a bit more oval than mine, but the softly waving brown hair around it is identical. The small, straight nose is the same model I was born with. My mother’s mouth is closed, yet there is just the slightest hint of a smile on her full lips. I know that if she had smiled, she would have shown the same wide grin and down-curving “smile lines” that appear in my own snapshots. The most haunting feature in the photo, however, is my mother’s eyes. They are an exact duplicate of my own large, dark-brown ones. Her brows are plucked into thin lines, which are like two pencil strokes added to highlight those fine, luminous eyes. I’ve also carefully studied the clothing and jewelry in the photograph. Although the photo was taken fifty years ago, my mother is wearing a blouse and skirt that could easily be worn today. The blouse is made of heavy eggshell-colored satin and reflects the light in its folds and hollows. It has a turned-down cowl collar and smocking on the shoulders and bellow the collar. The smocking (tiny rows of gathered material) looks hand-done. The skirt, which covers my mother’s calves, is straight and made of light wool or flannel. My mother is wearing silver drop earrings. They are about two inches long and roughly shield-shaped. On her left wrist is a matching bracelet. My mother can’t find this bracelet now, despite the fact that we spent hours searching through the attic for it. On the third finger of her left hand is a ring with a large, square-cut stone.The story behind the picture is as interesting to me as the young woman it captures. Mom, who was earning twenty-five dollars a week as a file clerk, decided to give her boyfriend (my father) a picture of herself. She spent almost two weeks’ salary on the skirt and blouse, which she bought at a fancy department store downtown. She borrowed the earrings and bracelet from her older sister, my aunt Dorothy. The ring she wore was a present from another young man she was dating at the time. Mom spent another chunk of her salary to pay the portrait photographer for the hand-tinted print in old-fashioned tones of brown and tan. Just before giving the picture to my father, she scrawled at the lower left, “Sincerely, Beatrice.”When I studied this picture, I react in many ways. I think about the trouble that Mom went into in order to impress the young man who was to be my father. I laugh when I look at the ring, which was probably worn to make my father jealous. I smile at the serious, formal inscription my mother used at this stage of the budding relationship. Sometimes I am filled with a mixture of pleasure and sadness when I look at this frozen long-ago moment. It is a moment of beauty, of love, and—in a way—of my own past.照片我的母亲已经是七十高龄。

翻译理论与实践（汉译英）习题第一周词的选择复习思考题：翻译下列句子，注意选词：我的表不准，每天快十多分钟。

时间过得真快！情人节快到了。

这把刀很快。

参考译文：My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.How time does fly!Valentine’s Day is near. Or:Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:Valentine’s Day is drawing near.The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)第二周词语翻译技巧（词义引申）复习思考题练习：根据本节所讲进行选词1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。

2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。

3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。

4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。

5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。

6.世界科技进步和产业结构的调整，亚太地区经济的迅速增长，给我国经济发展提供了有利条件。

在我国中长期发展中，也有不可制约的因素，突出的是：……7.在1993年亚太经合组织第一次领导人非正式会议上，我曾说过，把一个什么样的世界带到二十一世纪，是我们这一代领导人必须认真思考和解决的重大问题。

环顾新世纪初的世界和亚太地区形势，可以说是有喜有忧。

8.为了进行认真细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。

9.专家普遍认为积极的财政政策对于最近几年的经济快速增长势头起了很大作用，2003年，这一政策的实施除了应向社会保障，农村教育及基础设施倾斜以外，还应从政府投资转向民间投资。

10.这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处，孔子的思想强调的是中庸适度。

----------------------------------单选题----------------------------------1. 第一次世界大战后，帝国主义对中国加紧侵略，北洋军阀政府对外妥协投降，对内残酷压迫人民，给中国带来了深重的民族危机。

A. After World WarⅠ, the imperialists stepped up their aggression against China while the Northern Warlord Government resorted to compromise and capitulation externally and to ruthless oppression of the people internally, thus landing China in a grave national crisis.B. The imperialists strengthened their aggression against China after World WarⅠand the Northern Warlor d Government externally compromised and capitulated and internally oppressed the people which brought about China a grave national crisis.C. After World WarⅠ, the imperialists’ aggression against China and Northern Warlord Government’s external compromise and capitulation and internal oppression to the people brought about China a grave national crisis.D. After World WarⅠ, the imperialists stepped up their aggression against China while the Northern Warlord Government resorted to external compromise and capitulation and internal ruthless oppression of the people, both of which landed China in a grave national crisis.正确答案：A2. 没有他的帮助，我早就失败了。

翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案(红色为自己所出题)一 Fill in the blanks.1.According to sociosemiotic theories, meaning consists of three aspects:_________, ___________ and ____________ .2.As far as communicative function is concerned, English sentences can beclassified into four types: ____________ , ___________ , _____________ and___________ .3.Professor Xu Yuanzhong ever proposed that literary translation shouldconform to the principle of “____________, __________ and ___________”.4.The basic procedures of translation are made up of three steps: __________,___________ and ___________ .5.Peter Newmark divided the function of language into six kinds, among whichthe most important four functions are ____________, ___________ ,__________ and ___________ .6.“Literal translation” is based on -language-oriented principle, while“liberal translation” is based on -language-oriented principle.7.Translators often abide by -oriented principle when they translateliterary works8.When we see th e sun, we often think of hope. It’s the meaning of thesun we in fact think of.9.Yan Fu’s standard for good translation is , and .10.According to Peter Newmark, the expression “How do you do” performs___________ function.11.We should analyze , and before we really put somethinginto the target language.12.According to the structure, English sentences can be classified intosentences, ___________ sentences, sentences and sentences.13.The three principles for translation advocated by Alexander Fraser Tytler are:①②③14.The sentence “The earth goes around the sun” performs the function oflanguage.15.When we hear somebody speaks ungrammatically, we know that he is notwell-educated. Here the language carries the meaning.16.According to the different signs that translation deals with, translation can beclassified into , , .17.Translation can be regarded as a , a or a .18.According to different topics, translation can be classified into translation,translation and translation.二 Translating the following sentences into Chinese.1Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths.2The crafty enemy was ready to launch a new attack while holding out the olive branch.3Her dark eyes made little reflected stars. She was looking at him as she was always looking at him when he awakened.4The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensations as the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature.5 It’s not easy to become a member of that club—they want people who haveplenty of money to spend, not just every Tom , Dick, and Harry.6 The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. She was nearcollapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.7 But my mother had not passed this way for years. And the slimness and thestride were long past, too.8 I was limp as a dish rag. My back felt as though it had been beaten with wires.9 As you know, we operate in a highly competitive market in which we havebeen forced to cut our prices to the minimum.10 I sat with his wife in their living room, looking out the glass doors to thebackyards, and there was Allen’s pool, still covered wi th black plastic that hadbeen stretched across it for winter.11 Time did not spoil the beauty of the walls, nor the palace itself, lying like ajewel in the hollow of a hand.12It is obvious that this was merely a case of robbing Peter to pay Paul. There was no real clearing up of the outstanding debt.13He doubtlessly expected hugs, tablefuls of food, tears, laughter, and conversation followed by more conversation, then hugs and more hugs allover again, without end.14There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expanse than to have her guest so interested in talking politics orbusiness with her husband that he fails to notice the flavour of the coffee,the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may beher chief interest and pride.15English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so.16When I go around on speaking engagements, they all expect me to assumea Quaker-Oats look.17The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. She was near collapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.18“It is true that the enemey won the battle, but theirs is but a Pyrrhic victory.”said the General.19 A dirty-yellow sky had threatened rain all day and a hollow stillness hungover the valley.20I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wide apart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar. So I put my kneestogether and let my hands rest loosely on them.21One day, while out on the bleak moors, Pip is startled by a hulking, menacing man who threatens him if he does not bring him some food immediately.22Hygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regimen; and how much more this poor old nervous victim?23Our Band-Aid approach to economic development must be changed.24It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily come to the church.25It develops an argument; it cites instances; it reaches a conclusion.26Father’s attitude toward anybody who wasn’t his kind used to puzzle me.27Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants.28We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.29She stopped listening. She felt as though she had been slapped to the extreme outer edge of life, into a cold darkness.30Nancy Reagan, and not George Gallup, may well have the final say.31Mr. Kingsley and his Red Brick boys will have to look to their laurels.32The hungry boy was wolfing down his dinner.33I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of the skin but by the content of their character.34The importance of oceanography as a key to the understanding of our planet is seldom as well appreciated.35I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wide apart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar. So I put my knees together and let my hands rest loosely on them.36There is a mixture of the tiger and ape in the character of the imperialists. 37 A country that wishes to become a member of WTO is to send in itsapplication before a working party is formed by WTO for examination of the specific conditions of the country.38When prices range from $34,500 to $50,000 per car, evidence that these machines are more than a cut above the rest is essential.39One of the most heartwarming aspects of people who are born with a facial disfigurement, whether minor or major, is the number of them who do not allow it to upset their lives, even reaching out to help others with the same problem.40The heavily laden infantry, though enjoying a superiority of six-to-one, simply could not keep to schedule and lost 60000 men in one day.41I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora’s dinner.42The world is scraping bottom in the deepest economic slump in a half-century.43Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress.44Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far.45Studies show that otherwise rational people act irrationally when forced to stand in line or wait in crowds, even becoming violent.46Prolonged high unemployment will threaten the current leadership in other capitals as well, and it could ignite violent upheavals in some of the most hard-pressed land.47Many advocated strong action to bring the Prime Minister into line.48He cannot wholly detach himself from the technicalities and personal inconveniences which accompany the battle for intelligence.49I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders.50Although the recession has reached every corner of the planet, the impact is uneven.51I think lawyers mistakenly believe complex language enhances the mystique of the law.52Not long ago, a foreign visitor whose English is extremely good told me of his embarrassment in a tea shop.53Meanwhile individual schools are moving on their own to redress the imbalance between teaching and research.54We have created a faculty of scholars frequently so narrow in their studies and specialized in their scholarship they are simply incapable of teaching introductory courses.55Then the players find out the lottery is not particularly good bet and they find other forms of gambling.56The English language is in very good shape. It is changing in its own undiscoverable way, but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree.57There has always been a close cultural link, or tie between Britain and English-speaking America, not only in literature but also in the popular arts, especially music.58We must just make the best of things as they come along.59But once I made the decision, I went at it with all flags flying.60 Autumn’s mellow ha nd was upon the woods, as they owned already, touchedwith gold and red and olive.三 Translate the following passage into Chinese.1Be very wary of opinions that flatter your self-esteem. Both men and women, nine times out of ten, are firmly convinced of the superior excellence of theirown sex. There is abundant evidence on both sides. If you are a man, you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman,you can retort that so are most criminals. The question is inherently insoluble, but self-esteem conceals this from most people. We are all, whatever part ofthe world we come from, persuaded that our own nation is superior to allothers. Seeing that each nation has its characteristic merits and demerits, weadjust our standard of values so as to make out that the merits possessed by our nation are the really important ones, while its demerits are comparatively trivial. Here, again, the rational man will admit that the question is one to which there is no demonstrably right answer. It is more difficult to deal with the self-esteem of man as man, because we cannot argue out the matterwith some non-human mind. The only way I know of dealing with this general human conceit is to remind ourselves that man is a brief episode in the life ofa small planet in a little corner of the universe, and that for aught we know,other parts of the cosmos may contain beings as superior to ourselves as we are to jelly-fish.2 Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but becauseit makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with theauthor’s or even goes beyond his. Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as youunderstand his.Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times.Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you “ought ” to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time—and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won’t have suffered during the process.3 It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues ofthe orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, forwhoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellentsubstitute with the young for a cricket ball. The pip can be flicked at yourenemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide for an old gentleman.But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on.With the orange we do live year in and year out. That speaks well for theorange. The fact is that there is an honeaty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad—for the best of us are bad sometimes—it begins to be bad from the outside, not from the inside. How many a pearwhich presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. Howmany an innocent-looking apple is harbouring a worm in the bud. But theorange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shopman so before he slips it into the bag.4 It is odd to watch with what feverish ardor the Americans pursue prosperityand how they are ever tormented by the shadowy suspicion that they may not have chosen the shortest route to get it.Americans cleave to the things of this world as if assured that they will never die, and yet are in such a rush to snatch any that come within their reach, as if expecting to stop living before they have relished them. They clutch everything but hold nothing fast, and so lose grip as they hurry after some new delight.An American will build a house in which to pass his old age and sell it before the roof is on; he will plant a garden and rent it just as the trees are coming into bearing; he will clear a field and leave others to reap the harvest;he will take up a profession and leave it, settle in one place and soon go off elsewhere with his changing desires. If his private business allows him amoment’s relaxation, he will plunge at once into the whirlpool of politics.Then, if at the end of a year crammed with work he has a little spare leisure, his restless curiosity goes with him traveling up and down the vastterritories of the United States. Thus he will travel five hundred miles in afew days as a distraction from his happiness.Death steps is in the end and stops him before he has grown tired of this futile pursuit of that complete felicity which always escapes him.5 Through all of our history we have pondered the stars and mused whetherhumanity is unique or if, somewhere else in the dark of the night sky, there are other beings who contemplate and wonder as we do, fellow thinkers in the cosmos. Such beings might view themselves and the universe differently.There might be very exotic biologies and technologies and societies. In a cosmic setting vast and old beyond ordinary human understanding, we are a little lonely, and we ponder the ultimate significance, if any, of our tiny but exquisite blue planet. The search for extraterrestrial intelligence is the search for generally acceptable cosmic context for the human species. In the deepest sense, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence is a search for ourselves. Along with the growing dedication to a serious search, a slightly negative note has merged which is nevertheless very interesting. A few scientists have lately asked a curious question: if extraterrestrial intelligence is abundant, why have we not already seen its manifestations?6 A real woman, by my definition, neither despises nor worships men, but isproud not to have been born a man, does everything she can to avoidthinking or acting like one, knows the full extent of her powers, and feels free to reject all arbitrary man-made obligations. She is her own oracle of rightand wrong, firmly believing in her five sound senses and intuitive sixth. Oncea real woman has been warned by her nose that those apples are tasteless orassured by her finger-tips that this material is shoddy, no salesman in theworld can persuade her to the contrary. Nor, once she has met some personage in private and summed him up with a single keen glance as weak, vain or crooked, will his mounting public reputation convince her otherwise. She takes pleasure in the company of simple, happy, undemanding women; but seldom or never finds a friend worthy of her full confidence.翻译理论与技巧（A）答案一 1 designative meaning or referential meaning, linguistic meaning and pragmatic meaning2 declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences and exclamatory sentences3beauty of meaning, beauty of sound and beauty of form4comprehension, expression and testing5informative function, expressive function, vocative function and aesthetic function6source, target7Aesthetics8Associative9Faithfulness, Expressiveness, Elegance10phatic11Grammar, meaning and structure.12Simple, compound, complex, compound complex131) A translation should give a complete transcript of the idea of the original work; 2) The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original; 3) A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.14informative15indexical meaning.16Intralingual translation, interlingual translation, intersemiotic translation17science, art, skill(craft)18professional translation, literary translation, general translation二 1他们的主人，又是割啊，又是倒啊，又是上菜啊，又是切面包啊，又是说啊，又是笑啊，又是敬酒啊，忙个不停。

单选题第1题 (2) 分 这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。

A 、These workers are avid watchers ofbasketball matches.B 、These workers are avid watchers ofbasketball.C 、These workers are warmhearted watchers ofbasketball.第2题 (2) 分 她常常动不动就骂她的孩子们，但孩子们都知道她使刀子嘴豆腐心。

A 、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that her scolding might belike a knife but her heart was like beancurd.B 、She was always scolding her children, but they knew her bark was worse than herbite.C 、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that she was kindheartedwhile scolding.第3题 (2) 分 这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明，真是人见人爱。

A 、This little girl is beautiful and clever. Indeed everybody here loves her.B 、This little girl is very beautiful and clever. It is true everybody here loves her when they see her.C、This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help lovingher.第4题(2) 分On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and how leadingAmericans see the priorities now.A、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。

《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷（一）一．在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。

1．翻译是跨（）、跨（）、跨（）的交际活动。

2．篇章的粘连分（）粘连和（）粘连两大类，粘连的目的是实现篇章的（）。

3．社会符号学的翻译标准是（）相符、（）相似。

4．格赖斯的（）原则和利奇的（）原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。

5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据，以符号学的意义观为核心。

语言符号具备三种意义，它们是（）意义、（）意义和（）意义。

6. 语言对比是研究语言在（）中产生的意义。

7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则：A．译文应完整地再现原文的（）。

B．译文的（）（）应与原文的性质相同。

C．译文应像原文一样（）。

8. 汉语语法呈（）性，英语语法呈（）性。

9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。

10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。

二．判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。

如译文恰当，就在后面括号中打√；译文不恰当，就在后面括号中打×。

1．对外开放取得新近展。

1990年共批准“三资”企业99家，全省“三资”企业已达284家。

（）New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.2．我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。

（）We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.3．这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。

《翻译理论与实践》讲义（完美版）练习与作业答案翻译理论与实践讲义作业一。

字词的翻译一、词的理解1.一词多义：例子：wetShe had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. 她雇了一名奶妈为艾略特喂奶。

If you think I am for him, you are all wet. 如果你认为我支持他，那你就大错特错了。

She wet her pants at the news. 听到这个消息，她吓得尿了裤子。

2.词的大小：state and revolution, 国家与革命（列宁著作）state of the union (国情咨文)the united states. 美国（联合的各州）3.词义引申：抽象化、具体化例子：every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。

She stood there chewing over the strange thing. 她站在那儿仔细地琢磨这件怪事。

The engine sounds good. 那台机器听起来很正常。

At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 他23岁时，平生第一次尝到了做黑人的滋味。

4.词的褒贬：例子：commentAlice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment.爱丽丝兴奋得像个小孩子似地，很高兴自己有成了谈论的中心。

But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms.但她禁不住想到，这对她个人的魅力是多么大的讽刺啊。

He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ?他在房间里走来走去，之后停下来环视着说：“谁有高见”？5.词的轻重：看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。

翻译理论试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译理论中的“直译”指的是：A. 逐字逐句翻译B. 保持原文风格C. 完全按照原文的字面意思翻译D. 根据目标语言习惯进行适当调整2. 以下哪位学者提出了“功能对等”理论？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗拉基米尔·普罗普D. 雅各布·格林3. 在翻译过程中，译者应该优先考虑的是：A. 原文作者的意图B. 目标语言读者的接受度C. 翻译的准确性D. 翻译的流畅性4. “动态对等”是以下哪位翻译理论家的观点？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗拉基米尔·普罗普D. 雅各布·格林5. 翻译理论中的“等效原则”主要强调的是：A. 语言的直接对应B. 信息的传递效果C. 文化的忠实度D. 风格的相似性二、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述翻译中的“忠实度”原则，并举例说明。

2. 解释“动态对等”和“形式对等”的区别，并说明在实际翻译中如何选择。

3. 描述翻译理论中的“交际翻译”和“语义翻译”的概念。

4. 阐述翻译过程中如何处理文化差异。

三、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. 论述翻译理论中的“目的论”及其对翻译实践的影响。

2. 分析翻译中的“创造性”原则，并讨论其在文学翻译中的应用。

四、案例分析题（共40分）1. 阅读以下原文和译文，分析译者在翻译过程中可能采用的策略，并评价其翻译效果。

（20分）原文：“明月几时有？把酒问青天。

不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。

”译文："When will the moon be clear and bright? With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky. I do not know what year it is in the heavenly palace."2. 根据所提供的翻译理论，分析以下翻译案例中存在的问题，并提出改进建议。

奥鹏17春16秋华师《翻译理论与实践》在线作业一、单选题（共50 道试题，共50 分。

）1. It was not until liberation that () to his hometown.A. did he returnB. was he returnedC. he did returnD. he returned正确答案：2. The stone on the river bank rolled under her feet; she was ()into the river,and she called out for help.A. being jumpedB. jumpedC. pulledD. being pulled正确答案：3. Good food,not (),thats how one gets fat.A. enough exercisesB. exercises enoughC. enough exerciseD. exercise enough正确答案：4. -Thank you very much.-You are welcome. I was () glad to help.A. too muchB. only tooC. not soD. very much正确答案：5. We used to work in the same office and we () have coffee together.A. wouldB. shouldC. whichD. might正确答案：6. I () to take a holiday this summer, but I had to change my plan .A. would hopeB. was hopingC. had been hoped正确答案：7. I will give the book to () wants to read it.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. whoD. whom正确答案：8. So far, several ships have been reported missing () the coast of Bermuda Island.A. offB. alongC. onD. around正确答案：9. It is too early in the () to expect many visitors to the city.A. timeB. hourC. seasonD. term正确答案：10. —Why not go out for a walk before breakfast? —Oh,yes. () is my favorite time of day.A. In the early morningB. Early morningC. The early of morningD. The early morning that正确答案：11. -Everyone says you are a good student. You are never late for school,are you? -().A. No,sometimesB. Yes,sometimeC. Yes,I didD. No,I do正确答案：12. Ill give the prize to () finishes the work first.A. whomeverB. whoeverC. whoD. anyone正确答案：13. -What did you think of () president?-I didnt care for him at first,but after () time I get to like him.A. theB. theC. the;theD. /;a14. ---Can you finish the writing on time? ---().A. Never mindB. With pleasureC. No problemD. All right正确答案：15. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had () went wrong again.A. it repairedB. to be repairedC. to repairD. repaired正确答案：16. What do you do yesterday afternoon? -I went to the bookstore,() some books and visited my uncle.A. to buyB. boughtC. BuyD. buying正确答案：17. -What shall we have for dinner tonight? -Oh,I dont care. (). Its your job to come up with the menu,so get on with it.A. Anything will doB. I won't have lessons tomorrowC. I needn't to talk about it with someoneD. What a nice meal正确答案：18. -Are you satisfied with her answer?-Not at all. It couldnt have been ().A. worseB. so badC. betterD. the worse正确答案：19. Dont be joking. Its time to () your business.A. set outB. take upC. go onD. get down正确答案：20. -I expect everything will turn out as you wish.-().A. The same to youB. All rightC. I'd like to正确答案：21. - I heard Back Street would sing at the New Theater.- Where did you ()?A. pick that upB. put that upC. make that upD. take that up正确答案：22. It was the very place () the soldiers fought over sixty years ago.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. there正确答案：23. The headmaster hurried to the concert hall only () the speaker().A. to find; leftB. to find; goneC. finding; leftD. finding; gone正确答案：24. There are forty five students in our class, and they are () interested in football.A. mostB. almostC. nearlyD. mostly正确答案：25. () all the inventions have in common is () they have succeeded.A. What; whaB. That; whatC. What; thatD. That; that正确答案：26. Bettys English is () than () in the class.A. much better; anyone elseB. far better; anyone else'sC. a lot better; anyone's elseD. a great deal better; anyone's else's正确答案：27. --Shall we meet right now?--Sorry. Im too busy to () for the moment.A. get throughB. get awayC. get offD. get together正确答案：28. Jack () yet last night, otherwise he () me.A. mustn't have arrived; must have phonedB. can't have arrived; would have phonedC. may have arrived; need have phonedD. shouldn't have arrived; can have phoned正确答案：29. —Id like a pen which () well.—Will this one ()?A. writes; doB. writes; workC. is written; doD. is written;work正确答案：30. () we know, hurricane is () to come.A. As soon as; possibleB. As long as; probableC. As far as; likelyD. As well as; perhaps正确答案：31. Is there a cinema around () I can see a movie?A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what正确答案：32. -Whats the old man standing there?-He is (), a new comer.A. Mr. WhiteB. an engineerC. JoeD. Joe's brother正确答案：33. -Wouldnt be () wonderful world, if all nations live in () peace with one another?-What () pleasure to live in () world!A. the; the; the; suchB. the; a; /; suchC. a; /; a; such aD. a; a; /; such a正确答案：34. I need some red ink badly, but theres () at handA. nothingB. a littleC. noneD. not正确答案：35. Computer cannot remember who (); it simply does what ().A. has used it; it is toldB. will used it; it was toldC. uses it; it has toldD. has used it; it told正确答案：36. -Has Tommy finished his homework yet?-I have no idea; he () it this morning.A. was doingB. had been doingC. has doneD. did正确答案：37. Its what he did () what he said that moved us.A. except forB. but soC. insteadD. rather than正确答案：38. -We want someone to design the new art museum for us. -() the young fellow have a try?A. MayB. ShallC. WillD. Need正确答案：39. The Beatles,() many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool.A. forB. thoughC. asD. since正确答案：40. Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed (), for which his classmates spoke () of him.A. high; highB. highly; highlyC. highly; highD. high; highly正确答案：41. -() I tell the head teacher all that has happened?-No, you ()! Mr. Xin would be terribly angry.A. Will; needn'tB. Would; canC. Should; mustn'tD. Must; don't have to正确答案：42. () was known to them all that Bob had broken his promise () he would give them a rise.B.C. What; thatD. It; thatE. It; which正确答案：43. Exercise is () as any other to lose unwanted weight.A. so useful a wayB. as a useful wayC. as useful a wayD. such useful way正确答案：44. Dont () to correct me if I made a mistake.A. pauseB. stopC. mindD. hesitate正确答案：45. -How can I use this washing machine?-Well, just refer to the ().A. explanationsB. expressionsC. introductionsD. directions正确答案：46. I hate () their complains all day. one of these days Ill tell them what I really think.A. paying attention toB. to talk abouC. listening toD. to have heard正确答案：47. -Mary, would you like to come to my birthday party?- ().A. Of course, you couldB. Sure. Go aheadC. Sorry, you may notD. No, you mustn't正确答案：48. Is it Shakespeare Theatre () you are going to watch the play The Merchant of Venice?A. whereB. thatC. whichD. as正确答案：49. If you keep on, youll succeed (). Wish you success in the examinations.A. in timeC. for the same timeD. sometimes正确答案：50. -The girls in blue are our new classmates.-I know ().A. theseB. soC. suchD. that正确答案：华师《翻译理论与实践》在线作业二、单选题（共50 道试题，共50 分。

Family PortraitMy mother, who is seventy years old, recently sent me a photograph of herself that I had never seen before. While cleaning out the attic of her Florida home, she came across a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married my father. This picture of my mother is about a twenty-year-old girl and the story behind it has fascinated me from the moment I began to consider it.The young in the picture has a face that resembles my own in many ways. Her face is a bit more oval than mine, but the softly waving brown hair around it is identical. The small, straight nose is the same model I was born with. My mother’s mouth is closed, yet there is just the slightest hint of a smile on her full lips. I know that if she had smiled, she would have shown the same wide grin and down-curving “smile lines” that appear in my own snapshots. The most haunting feature in the photo, however, is my mother’s eyes. They are an exact duplicate of my own large, dark-brown ones. Her brows are plucked into thin lines, which are like two pencil strokes added to highlight those fine, luminous eyes. I’ve also carefully studied the clothing and jewelry in the photograph. Although the photo was taken fifty years ago, my mother is wearing a blouse and skirt that could easily be worn today. The blouse is made of heavy eggshell-colored satin and reflects the light in its folds and hollows. It has a turned-down cowl collar and smocking on the shoulders and bellow the collar. The smocking (tiny rows of gathered material) looks hand-done. The skirt, which covers my mother’s calves, is straight and made of light wool or flannel. My mother is wearing silver drop earrings. They are about two inches long and roughly shield-shaped. On her left wrist is a matching bracelet. My mother can’t find this bracelet now, despite the fact that we spent hours searching through the attic for it. On the third finger of her left hand is a ring with a large, square-cut stone.The story behind the picture is as interesting to me as the young woman it captures. Mom, who was earning twenty-five dollars a week as a file clerk, decided to give her boyfriend (my father) a picture of herself. She spent almost two weeks’ salary on the skirt and blouse, which she bought at a fancy department store downtown. She borrowed the earrings and bracelet from her older sister, my aunt Dorothy. The ring she wore was a present from another young man she was dating at the time. Mom spent another chunk of her salary to pay the portrait photographer for the hand-tinted print in old-fashioned tones of brown and tan. Just before giving the picture to my father, she scrawled at the lower left, “Sincerely, Beatrice.”When I studied this picture, I react in many ways. I think about the trouble that Mom went into in order to impress the young man who was to be my father. I laugh when I look at the ring, which was probably worn to make my father jealous. I smile at the serious, formal inscription my mother used at this stage of the budding relationship. Sometimes I am filled with a mixture of pleasure and sadness when I look at this frozen long-ago moment. It is a moment of beauty, of love, and—in a way—of my own past.照片我的母亲已经是七十高龄。

浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与实践》期末复习题型：一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）二、翻译句子。

（每小题3分，共30分）三、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分）四、案例分析题（每小题10分，共10分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。

A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都正确2. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。

A. dry goods：纺织品B．white goods：白色的货物C．white wine：白葡萄酒D．toilet water：花露水3. “This is a special offer and is not subject to our usual discounts” 请问下面哪个译文最合适？________。

A. 这是特殊报盘，不以我方通常折扣为条件。

B. 这是特惠报盘，我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。

C. 此系特惠报盘，不另加我方通常折扣。

D. 这是特殊报盘，不局限于我们通常折扣。

4．下面哪句话的描述是错误的？________。

A．美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理论和信息论的原理，将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较，使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。

C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。

D．翻译求的是“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。

5．_________提出了“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。

A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒C．许渊冲D．鲁迅6. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。

A．赤脚医生：barefoot doctor B．纸老虎：paper tigerC．to show one’s cards：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描述是正确的？______。

奥鹏17春16秋华师《英汉翻译》在线作业一、单选题（共50 道试题，共50 分。

）1. The teenager seemed to be a good driver; () ,I didn't dare to travel in his car.A. thereforeB. soC. even thoughD. even so正确答案：2. ——The dinner was delicious! ——I agree. I am so full. ——That's too bad. But some dessert ().A. has orderedB. will be orderedC. has been orderedD. was going to be ordered正确答案：3. ——How much vinegar did you put in the soup? ——I'm sorry to say, (). I forget.A. noB. no oneC. nothingD. none正确答案：4. It was believed that things would get worse, but () it is they are getting better.A. beforeB. afterC. becauseD. as正确答案：5. Mr Black must be worried about something. You can () it from the look on his face.A. reasonB. recognizeC. readD. realize正确答案：6. I'd like to live somewhere () the sun shines all year long.A. whichB. thatC. where正确答案：7. Your performance in the driving test didn't reach the required standard— () ,you failed.A. in the endB. after allC. in other wordsD. at the same time正确答案：8. —What are you going to do this afternoon? —I'm going to the cinema with some friends.The film () quite early,so we () to the bookstore after that.A. finished; are goingB. finished;goC. finishes;are goingD. finishes;go正确答案：9. ——What do you think of the concert? ——I really enjoy it. I didn't expect it was () wonderful.A. asB. moreC. mostD. very正确答案：10. The president stood by a window inside the room, (), looking over the square.A. where I enteredB. into which I enteredC. which I enteredD. that I entered正确答案：11. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, (), refusing them when they turn to him.A. if neverB. if everC. if notD. if any正确答案：12. ——We must thank you for taking the trouble to cook us a meal. ——().A. With pleasureB. It doesn't matterC. It was no trouble at allD. By all means正确答案：13. ——This wall of air is an effective answer to the problem and it () work. ——But it is a question to put such a wall of air around the statue.A. mayB. mustD. could正确答案：14. ——Can I pay the bill by check? ——Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment () be made in cash.A. shallB. needC. willD. can正确答案：15. Since there are all kinds of cameras here,which do you () I take?A. hopeB. believeC. thinkD. sugesst正确答案：16. I never fancied Mary---- so weak a girl -----() the football match and did pretty well.A. taking part inB. joiningC. to join inD. to take part in正确答案：17. —My stomach () a lot.I guess that's because I didn't eat my breakfast. —It won't () you if you miss breakfast for once.A. hurts;hurtB. harms;hurtC. injures;harmD. wounds;injure正确答案：18. The little girl couldn't work the problem out. She wasn't () clever.A. thatB. muchC. enoughD. too正确答案：19. As time went by, the plan stuck () fairly practical.A. to provedB. to provingC. provedD. to be proved正确答案：20. ——When did it begin to snow? ——It started () the night.A. duringB. byD. at正确答案：21. Thank you for sending us () fresh vegetables of many kinds. You have done us () a great service.A. 不填；aB. the；aC. 不填；不填D. the；不填正确答案：22. The assistant charged me 100 dollars for the blouse,but my mum () only 50 dollars.A. boughtB. toldC. offeredD. asked正确答案：23. —Can you think of() person who can help me with work? —What about John? (), he's always ready to help others.A. the;I thinkB. a; PersonallyC. a; GenerallyD. / often正确答案：24. . () from endless homework on weekends, the students now find their own activities, such as taking a ride together to watch the sunwise.A. FreedB. FreeingC. To freeD. having freed正确答案：25. We should learn from the spirit of the Foolish Old Man () the mountains in our daily study.A. removedB. movedC. who removedD. moving正确答案：26. ——Tom, you are caught late again. ——Oh, ()A. not at allB. just my luckC. never mindD. that's all right正确答案：27. We are going to discuss the way of reading works () it is used for real life purposes, and this should give you a better understanding of it.B. whichC. whereD. when正确答案：28. The () from the top of the building is amazing.A. sceneB. seceneryC. sightD. view正确答案：29. ——What should I wear to attend his wedding party? ——Dress () you like.A. whatB. howeverC. whateverD. how正确答案：30. ——You didn't wait for Mr. Black last night, did you? ——No, but we (). He didn't return home at all.A. couldn't haveB. needn't haveC. didn't need toD. should wait have正确答案：31. ——Please call me at 8:00 tomorrow morning. I'm kind of forgetful. ——Don't worry about that, you'll be surely ().A. remindedB. toldC. warnedD. informed正确答案：32. Xiao Li is chosen to () our city to take part in the country sports meeting.He is likely to get a good score.A. representB. presentC. leaveD. attend正确答案：33. The students spent as much time getting trained as they () studying.A. dislikedB. wereC. hadD. did正确答案：34. ——So you missed the meeting. ——(). I got there five minutes before it finished.A. Not at allB. Not exactlyC. Not especiallyD. Not really正确答案：35. As we have much time left, let's discuss the matter () tea and cake.A. overB. withC. byD. at正确答案：36. ——Did your sister pass the exam? ——She failed and is in low spirits. ——I'm sorry for her. ——().A. Thank youB. You're welcomeC. I would think soD. Never mind正确答案：37. He's given me so much help in trouble; I teach his daughter English ().A. in turnB. by turnsC. inreturnD. in answer正确答案：38. The house I grew up () has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in itB. inC. in thatD. in which正确答案：39. ——Do you mind if I smoke? ——()A. Why not?B. Yes, help yourselfC. Go aheadD. Yes, but you'd better not正确答案：40. Although he was in a bad() of health, he remained() by light of candles.A. state;readingB. condition; to readC. posision; readingD. situation reading正确答案：41. The police have () power to deal with such matters by () law.B. 不填；不填C. 不填；theD. the；不填正确答案：42. Now that we () all the money, it's no use turning on me and saying it's all my fault.A. had lostB. lostC. have lostD. lose正确答案：43. I () you, but I didn't think you would listen to me.A. could have toldB. must have toldC. should tellD. might rell正确答案：44. ——Hey, Kelin. Happy new year! ()? ——Ok, I guess. My grandma kept cooking and cooking, so I just kept eating.A. How was your breakB. How is your grandmaC. Where did you go for holidayD. What did you do in your holiday正确答案：45. Listen! His family must be quarrelling, ()?A. mustn't itB. isn't itC. aren't theyD. needn't they正确答案：46. They’ve won their last three matches. () I find a bit surprisingA. thatB. whenC. whatD. which正确答案：47. My brother is very tall. The little bed won't () for him.A. prepareB. matchC. fitD. do正确答案：48. The engineers made two big plans for the dam, () was never put in force.A. one of themC. one of whichD. every one of which正确答案：49. She’ ll never forget her stay there () she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when正确答案：50. If you win the competition, you will be given () to Europe for two.A. a free 7-day tripB. a free trip for 7-dayC. a 7-day free tripD. a trip for 7-day free正确答案：华师《英汉翻译》在线作业二、单选题（共50 道试题，共50 分。