2012华工第一学期英语复习资料(含答案)

211华南理工大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（请在答题纸上做答，试卷上做答无效，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译（专硕）本卷满分：100分共页Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points, 1 point for each)Directions: After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Economics applies directly to how we earn our income and ________.A. how to spend our moneyB. how we spend our moneyC. the way we spend our moneyD. the way our money is spent2.The product must be priced ________ it competes effectively with rival products in thesame market.A. as suchB. in such a wayC. so thatD. so3.I ________ be late for that important meeting than leave this injured old woman here.A. had betterB. would ratherC. may as wellD. should just4.________ he ________ that it was to be the president’s last press conference, he wouldhave filmed the occasion.A. Should…knowB. If…knowsC. Had…knownD. Were…known5.It wasn’t until he turned the corner that he realized that he ________ tailed.A. wasB. beingC. would beD. was being6.As a senior professor she should have known better _______ to get involved in such ascandal.A. and notB. but notC. thanD. than not7.The health department inspector recommended that all outdoor food stores at the gateof the school ________.A. closed downB. close downC. be closed downD. would be closed down8.The application was blank except for ________ Michael had filled in his name.A. whereB. whatC. howD. which9.Cultural values may be defined as assumptions shared by the members of a society________ is right or wrong.A. as to whatB. about whateverC. on whatD. concerning things that10.Some scientists think that trial-and-error methods help to show how intelligent________.A. is an animalB. an animal isC. will an animal beD. an animal will be11.We can’t _______ examinations altogether unless we can come up with a better way toevaluate the students.A. do awayB. do away ofC. do away withD. do away from12.The sudden bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors ________ andcaused them to ________.A. in a panic, stampedeB. in pain, panicC. in confusion, hold their stocksD. in despair, withdraw gradually13.He did everything possible to whip up some support for his decision to________ moremoney to his favorite project.A. allowB. spendC. divideD. allot14.At that time he kept telling us that final victory was just ________. His optimism savedus from despair.A. at the cornerB. around the cornerC. on the cornerD. in the corner15.If he should fail to ________ the project to a successful close in time, he would beseverely reprimanded.A. bringB. takeC. carryD. put16.After he ________ power, he was no longer satisfied to be a president. He wanted tobe a king.A. grippedB. grabbedC. seizedD. grasped17.His sudden blindness ________ him ________ the joy of seeing the beautiful world.A. robbed; ofB. deprived; withC. robbed; offD. denied; of18.This terrible event ________ of the president, and he ________ all his appointments.A. drew hold of; called offB. occupied all the attention;dismissedC. demanded all the attention; laid asideD. took complete hold; cancelled19.Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the NorthernHemisphere ____ temperatures warmer than at present.A. with experience ofB. experiencedC. experiencingD. experience20.The meeting took on a different ____after his moving speech.A. presageB. postureC. travestyD. trauma21.After ________ deliberation, the foreman announced that the jury had reached averdict.A. 10-minutes ofB. 10 minutes ofC. 10 minute’sD. 10-minute22.________ is always the case, the darkest hour comes before the dawn.A. ThatB. ItC. AsD. What23.We have a long way to go ________ we can invent truly intelligent machines.A. beforeB. ifC. thatD. when24.Chocolate comes from cocoa beans, ________ the seeds of the cacao tree.A. that isB. that areC. which isD. which are25.I know she didn’t pass the qualifying exam, but really she’s ________ but stupid.A. anyB. nothingC. anythingD. something26.Even though we may not notice them, computers are all around us and affect manyparts of our ________ life.A. every dayB. everydayC. every day’sD. everyday’s27.Because we are by nature social animals, we need other people ________ we needfood, water and shelter.A. such asB. just asC. as suchD. as if28.If inflation continues to rise at the present rate, ten percent of the population ________hard to make ends meet.A. would findB. found itC. findsD. will find it29.She spoke for the ________ that they three had all lost the ________ to work duringthe spring break and they needed a good long rest.A. team; desireB. group; interestC. company; inclinationD. gang; intention30.Only hotel guests have the ________ of using the private beach.A. occasionB. possibilityC. privilegeD. allowancePart II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section 1 Multiple choice questions (16points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section there are 2 reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage 1“Can we speak of the death of the university?” an English newspaper recently asked. Another offered the diagnosis: “Still breathing”. Not only at this seminar, here and now, but all over the world the future of the universities is now being discussed. This is not only because we are entering a new century. Many people are asking whether the traditional research universities in fact have any future at all. This doubt seems mainly due to the development of the new technology, the massification of the universities, the idea of life-long learning, the growing competition from other learning institutions ⎯ and may also because of the strong specialization that we are now experiencing in most fields of research. Many experts predict the death of universities as we know them today, with a campus.I am an optimist, and I have become even more of an optimist having listened to the speakers today. I believe in the magic of the campus! I believe that the universities will be able to enjoy a very bright future as intellectual power centers in a world in which society is calling out increasingly loudly for more knowledge.But if we are to continue to live as intellectual power centers, the universities cannot sit passively letting development take their course. We must know what sort of university we want in the future. Many battles have been lost because of the lack of any goal. We must also have a strategy and a policy for how we are to achieve our vision. This means that the university must actively relate to the great challenges we are now being faced with, and we must develop our ability and will for renewal. Yet we must do this at the same time as we stand by the fundamental values that make us a university: that is our independence.I see it as one of the most important tasks for a university president to work for the greatest possible spirit of community in the university, and for the university to be an integrated institution and not simply a number of facilities or departments linked together in some kind of formal organization or strategic alliance. Only then can we defend the use of the name “university”.31. According to the first paragraph, the traditional research universities ________.A. have a very bright future before themB. are faced with a very difficult situationC. are becoming a hot topic of all kinds of peopleD. are about to disappear from people’s vision32. In the author’s opinion, people are worried about the future of the universities becauseof the following reasons EXCEPT ________.A. there is strong competition from other educational institutionsB. universities cannot obtain enough financial backupC. a lot of research fields are thought to be too much specializedD. many universities have been established33. The author is optimistic about the future of universities because ________.A. he has listened to many speakersB. he thinks that universities are powerfulC. universities can satisfy the growing need of society for more knowledgeD. he thinks universities can work magic by themselves34. We can infer from the passage that it is a ________.A. report intended for government officialsB. research paper concerning educational policiesC. speech delivered at a meetingD. lecture by a professor to his students35. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The faculties and departments in the universities should maintain their ownindependence.B. Universities must take the initiative to develop themselves.C. In order to survive, universities must meet the challenges and solve the difficulties infront of them.D. Lack of proper plans may lead to the failure of many projects.Passage 2Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product of service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particulartransaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked—— for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.36. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _______.A. labor and educationB. transportation and insuranceC. utilities and repairsD. products and services37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in completeunderstanding of price?A. Instructions that come with a product.B. The quantity of a product.C. The quality of a product.D. Warranties that cover a product.38. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _______.A. unusual ways to advertise productsB. types of payment plans for serviceC. theories about how products affect different levels of societyD. how certain elements of price "package" influence its market valueSection 2 Answering questions (24 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passage and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions following it. Use the only information from the passage you have read and write your answers in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET.Passage 3[1]Put a jaguar, a bear, a tiger and a panda together and you might get a good show but you won’t get a quiet life.[2]The Bric grouping---Brazil, Russia, India and China---has become a shorthand for the rise of emerging markets in the global economy. And after a rather stellar decade, the Brics mainly had a good crisis from which they are now rapidly exiting.[3]Goldman Sachs, the financial group that invented the category, reckons that China may well become the world’s largest economy before 2030. Collectively, the Bric economies could well surpass output in the Group of Seven wealthy nations---which have dominated the management of the global economy---by 2032.[4]The brics already have a bigger share of world trade than the US. China, probably the world’s biggest goods exporter last year, has been supplemented by India’s software and back-office exports, Russia’s oil and gas and the domination of a number of agricultural commodity markets by Brazil’s super-competitive farmers.[5]While equities in G7 countries were struggling to stay in positive territory during the past five or so years, the Bric share prices, albeit with a steep drop and rapid recovery during the global financial crisis, finished the decade more than twice as high as in 2005. Bric equity indices have emerged; Bric funds have sprung up for investors to pile into the sector.[6]So as the world emerges from recession, is this a transformational moment when the center of gravity in the global economy and its governance decisively shifts? Is this a pivot point such as the second world war, where the confident, innovative US muscled aside the weakened, debt-laden economies of Europe and remade the global financial architecture? And, most immediately, are Bric consumers up to the task of rebalancing the world economy by supplanting their acquisitive American counterparts?[7]The most likely answer is: not yet. Not only are the Brics such a disparate group that almost any generalization is problematic, but China, the dominant member of the quartet, still seems wedded to an economic model dependent on demand elsewhere.[8] “The so-called emerging economies, even some like Bangladesh, are undoubtedly players on the global stage,” said Jean-Pierre Lehmann, professor of political economy at the IMD management school in Lausanne, Switzerland. “But I don’t see any great cataclysm in the next 10 years, nor the center of finance definitely moving east.”[9]Like a boy band or a street gang, the Brics might almost have been chosen for their disparate abilities rather than their similarities. China’s size and openness to trade give it as much economic clout as the rest put together: Markus Jager, of Deutsche Bank, calls the hypercompetitive manufacturing exporter “the 800lb panda in the room” . India, similar in population but poorer and economically more insular, is chiefly notable to investors and trading patterns for its software and business services. Brazil, despite a sprinkling of manufactures, remains one of the world’s most efficient agro-exporters; Russia, after feebler attempts to diversify, essentially just sells oil and gas.[10]The story of their rapid progress is familiar but still dramatic. A decade ago, only one had an investment-grade credit ratting; now all do. Only 12 years ago, a Russian debt default and Brazilian currency crisis rocked the world economy; today, they have accumulated vast foreign exchange reserves.[11]The Brics contributed about half of global growth between 2000---2008 sharply higher than in the previous decade. Yet along with this growth has come an unbalancing of the global economy.[12]A Chinese growth model based on heavy investment and exports has accompanied vast current-account surplus across east Asia, matched by a current-account deficit in the US. And despite doings its bit to keep economic growth going during the crisis, it is far from clear that the Middle Kingdom has effected a shift towards consumer demand that a true engine of world growth would achieve.[13]With a great flourish, Beijing announced a $585bn stimulus package in November2008 and loosened bank credit. But its ability to create self-sustaining growth was suspect. Rather than handing out cash to consumers to get them spending---a move that might also have encouraged imports---a large chunk of the stimulus went into the old favorite, fixed investment. “If global demand does not recover in time or the stimulus measures fail to stir the animal spirits, China may end up creating overcapacity,” said Jagar.[14]Razeen Sally, a trade expert at the London School of Economics, said: “The Chinese interventions had the effect of reinforcing existing problems and imbalances. We are going to see a lot of excess capacity in export-oriented industries like steel at exactly the wrong time.”[15]The repegging of the renminbi against the dollar in 2008, after three years when it was allowed to crawl higher, has also done nothing to shift the Chinese economy from exports to consumer demand. The effect of that decision is multiplied by the copycat actions of many emerging-market countries holding their own currencies down lest they lose competitiveness to China.[16]Indeed, although the worldwide reduction in consumer demand had cut the absolute level of China’s current-account surplus during the crisis, with fewer ships carrying toys and iPods out of Shenzhen and Shanghai, China continued to gain market share abroad. The International Monetary Fund and others reckon that the apparent rebalancing of the global economy over the past year is temporary. When demand picks up, so will Chinese exports, along with the old surpluses and deficits.[17]Despite pockets of profligacy, if anything, China’s has become less rather than more of a consumer economy in the past decade. Its overall savings rate grew over the decade. Although much of this rise reflected corporate savings, household savings rose, too, and a greater share of national income went to companies rather than consumers in the first place.[18]A survey last year by the McKinsey Global Institute backed up what many economists have long argued: that the lack of a social safety net is one of the main reasons that Chinese households save. The top three reasons given were: educational needs, security in case of illness and caring for parents. Changing deep-seated structural factors such as this will not be quick. Nor will it be achieved simply by letting the renminbi rise.[19]As for the other Brics, whose trend growth rate is slower than China’s, they are unlikely to have a noticeable effect on global demand for some time. Although growth in Brazil and India held up well during the crisis, the former is a relatively mature economy with less scope for rapid growth; the latter an underperformer with a chronic public finance problem and a household savings rate even higher than China’s. Meanwhile, Russia, whose economy contracted sharply during the global recession, still depends on oil prices.[20]A decade of rapid growth is not enough for the Brics to seize the baton of global economic leadership from the US and western Europe. The grouping, or some of them, may have astonished the world with their progress over the past 10 years. But it will require a qualitative improvement as well as more growth to consolidate that shift of power.39. Find in paragraph[7] and any other paragraph two synonyms of “Brazil, Russia, India and China” as a group.40. What are the main reasons to group Brazil, Russia, India and China as a new economic category?41. Find a metonymy in paragraph[15] and a metaphor in paragraph[12].42. What is the particular reason for Chinese households to save money ?43. Why the consumer economy remained weak in China?44. In paragraph[5], what does “equity” mean?45. In paragraph[7], what is the inside meaning of “…that any generalization isproblematic” ?46. Paraphrase “China’s size and openness to trade give it as much economic clout as the rest put together”. (Paragraph [9])47. List two reasons for the statement “A decade of rapid growth is not enough for the Brics to seize the baton of global economic leadership from the US and western Europe”.48. Use one short sentence to summarize paragraph [6].49. What is strong with Brazil as one of the Brics?50. According to the article, do you see any great cataclysm in the next 10 years in terms of the center of finance?Part III. Writing (30 points)51. First read the following Chinese report, and then write an essay of about 400 words in English. You are supposed to have a title for your writing. Write your essay on your ANSWER SHEET.2011年10月13日下午5时30分许，一出惨剧发生在佛山南海黄岐广佛五金城：年仅两岁的女童小悦悦（本名王悦）走在巷子里，被一辆面包车两次碾压，几分钟后又被一小型货柜车碾过。

2012考研(英语一)真题及其答案2012考研(英语一)真题及其答案近年来，考研成为越来越多大学生选择的途径之一，而英语一则是众多考生当中选择最多的科目之一。

为了帮助考生更好地备战2012年考研英语一科目，本文将针对2012年考研英语一真题进行详细解析。

Part ASection I: Error Identification此部分共有10个句子，每个句子中均有一个错误。

考生需要在每个句子中将错误的部分找出并进行修改。

1. 错误部分：改为which将句子修正为：I’ll always remember the day on which I first came to the college.2. 错误部分：将arrive后的to删除修正为：It was the first time that I had arrived in a foreign country.3. 错误部分：将flying后的for改为with修正为：I am quite familiar with flying on business trips.4. 错误部分：将have后的escaped改为escape修正为：Nowhere else have I seen such natural wonders as I have in Yunnan.5. 错误部分：将deposit后的much改为many修正为：There are many new deposits of oil and natural gas being discovered every year.6. 错误部分：将the后的from删除修正为：The local government has taken actions to prevent the price of houses from soaring.7. 错误部分：将raising后的prices改为price修正为：The rising price of daily necessities has put a great burden on the local residents.8. 错误部分：将tried后的to删除修正为：Whispering is not allowed in the museum, as I have tried many times.9. 错误部分：将otherwise后的standing改为stand修正为：You need to take your seat, otherwise, the bus driver won't continue driving.10. 错误部分：将to后的made删除修正为：Having made the decision to start my own business, I worked hard day and night.Section II: Reading Comprehension此部分分为三篇阅读材料，每篇材料后有5个选择题。

2012年学位英语考试考题Part I Reading ComprehensionPassage 1【1-5 BCBAD】For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the “Netherlands” which means “low land.” Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in very rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens.Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low.The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take or reclaim land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years.Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea.Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods.1. Water is the main threat to Holland because ____.A. the sea is too roughB. the land is lower than the seaC. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods outD. the weather is too rough1.【答案】B第一段中提到：Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level.他们主要的敌人就是海洋。

2012届高考英语单元复习考试题（附参考答案）2012届高三上学期单元测试精品外研版选修八dule 4英语试卷满分（120）一、单项填空（共1小题；每小题1分，满分1分）1 — Harr, d u n hen the eeting ill be held?— _______ I haven’t been infred etA All rightB Nt at all I’ve n ideaD Tae ur tie2 a has gt int _______ habit f lleting nespaper u ttings, hih is _______ great fr hiA \ ; aB a; the the; aD the; the3 ith her ther’s enurageent, aria_____ her fear and started her first siing experieneA desertedB verae resisted D bre4 There is n dubt that ar’s pret ill get the anager’s _______ beause it ill iprve ur r effiienA apprvalB debate priseD reatinAfter the ld an gave e _______ diretins t the ban, I had a lear rute in indA regnizableB bvius tpial D expliit6 If _______ in tie, the ediine ill be quite effetive and u ill rever snA taingB taen being taenD t be taen7 This ung pianist’s suess _______ his talent and great enthusias fr the pianA lies inB ais t fuses nD pints t8 Alie tried t eep al, but her red fae _______ the fat that she as nervusA reetedB ared explredD betraed9 I n’t arr a heav suitase that is f n use, _______ u give e a handA ifB thugh asD unless10 His father’s pinin that he as nt suitable fr that b as iprtant in his deisin t _______ his appliatin fr the psitinA ppseB ignre ithdraD all11 r Green gave praise t Bb that he anaged the pret ell, _______ his inexperieneA nsideredB nsidering having nsideredD t nsider12 The apers ere at a lss hat t d next, _______ the instrutins fr the tea aptainA having nt reeiveB nt having reeivedbeing nt reeivedD nt being reeived13 The deadline fr the paper is draing near; e an’t dela anre Ever inute _______A untsB applies fllsD urs14 _______ pared n the radside that it as hard t ae ut here ar asA S an ars there ereB S an there ere arsS an ere there arsD S an ars ere there1 I uldn’t put up ith her nnsense an re during r tie and tld her t _______ rA ath up ithB hld n t get dn tD date ba t二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）ne upn a tie t brthers h lived n adining fars fell int nflit It as the first 16rift (不和) in 40 ears Finall, it explded int an exhange f bitter rds flled bees f silenene rning there as a 17 n hn’s dr He pened it t find a an ith a arpenter’s 18nd there uld I“I a ling fr r fr a fe das Perhaps u uld have a fe sall 19 here ahelp u?”　said hn “I d have a b fr u 20 arss the river at the persn That’s “es,”　neighbr; 21 , it’s unger brther See that pile f d there? I 22 u t build e afene — an 8-ft fene — 23 I n’t need t see his plae r his fae anre”　The arpenter s aid, “I thin I 24 the situatin Sh e the nails and I’ll be able td a b that 2 u”The lder brther 26 t g t tn fr supplies, s he helped the arpenter get the 27read and then he as ff fr the da The arpenter red 28 all that da easuring, saing, nailing and haering Abut sunset hen the farer 29 , the arpenter hadust finished his b The farer’s ees pened ide, and his a drpped There as n30 there at all It as a bridge — a bridge 31 fr ne side f the river t the ther!It as a fine piee f r The neighbr, his unger brther, as ing arssThe t brthers std at eah end f the bridge, and then the 32 in the iddle, taingeah ther’s hand The 33 t see the arpenter hist his tlbx n his shulder “Sta a fe das I’ve a lt f 34 prets fr u,” said the lder brtherthe arpenter said, “but I have an re bridges t build”“Ｉ’d 3 t sta n,”16 A seriusB ild exitingD siilar17 A ntieB n signD r18 A atB luggage tlbxD ard19 A stepsB ins ealsD bs20 A SiB L GetD al21 A in nlusinB in tie in fatD in exhange22 A allB frbid freD ant23 A sB but sineD r24 A settleB understand faeD disuss2 A beatsB anns pleasesD shs26 A hadB hesitated liedD regretted27 A dinnerB lthes drinsD aterials28 A hardB freel sadlD firl29 A aeB returned sleptD fled30 A dB furniture feneD bridge31 A leaningB bending breaingD strething32 A etB quarreled asedD reated33 A failedB turned happenedD deterined34 A spareB speial therD eas3 A frgetB agree hateD lve三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）Aver the last three ears, a lt f used b stres have rpped up in Bang hen I first ved t Thailand, it as uh re diffiult t bu send-hand bs but n it’s eas There are an used b shps in Bang If u lie t read and dn’t ant t spend ne n ne bs, h nt he ut these Bang send-hand bstres?hatuha aret—hatuha aret is a great plae t bu send-hand bs, as ell as ffee table bs, art and design bs, bs n arhiteture and travel bs Pries start as l as $130, and u an bargain, espeiall if u bu several bs—Dasa B aféis ne f favrite b shps Nt nl des it have a great Dasa B aféseletin f used bs but the atsphere at Dasa B afe is lvel t It has arund 12,000 bs, ith se bs fr Geran, Frane, Ital et Dasa is als ver ell rganized, unlie a lt f used b stres in Bang, s it’s ver eas t find hat u ant It als bus r exhanges bs fr usters, s if u’ve gt bs u n lnger ant, tae the ith uElite B Huse—Elite B Huse is ne f the ther ppular used b stres in the Suhuvit area f Bang Its seletin is average but the pries are gd and it’s been arund fr ver 20 ears Elite has an fitin bs, travel bs, and an interesting lletin f histr and bigraphies The nl thing I dn’t lie abut Elite B Huse is their staff have alas been unfriendl, hih is unusual fr ThailandAngel Trr—re lie a arehuse-tpe(仓储式的) f shp than a straight used b stre, it’s a bit disrganized It is nl pen n eeends, but the pries are a little。

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一、单项选择题1．陶行知先生在《创造宣言》中提出：“教育者不是造神，不是造石像，不是造爱人。

他们所要创造的是真善美的活人。

A、正确B、错误2.苏霍姆林斯基在校园里看到学生王友用泥巴砸自己班上的男同学，陶行知立即制止了他，并让他放学后到校长室去。

然后他用滋养学生心灵的4块“精神糖果”使学生认识到了错误。

A、正确B、错误3.梁启超说：教师把学生造就成一种什么人，自己就应该是这种人。

A、正确B、错误4.终身学习理念，是1965 年时任联合国成人教育局局长的法国著名教育家保罗·郎格朗首先提出的。

A、正确B、错误5. 在学习动机上，女生比男生更注重追求成功，也更倾向于回避失败。

A、正确B、错误6. “高效课堂”就是在有效的时间里，采取恰当的形式，激发学生的学习积极性、主动性，让学生参与教学过程，获取有效的知识与能力。

A、正确B、错误7. 适应性心理问题也称心理失衡。

A、正确B、错误8. 教学多媒体包含所有的计算机能处理的信息，如文本、图形、图像、声音、视频等。

A、正确B、错误9. 教学目标及教学重点、难点的确定，以及学习者特征的分析，是选择教学方法的依据。

A、正确B、错误10. 以集体或小组的形式展示学习结果，同样会有损于学生的自尊心，不利于学习环境的激发。

A、正确B、错误11. 学习方法的概念比学习策略的概念更全面，涵盖的内容更丰富。

A、正确B、错误12. Cohen把学习策略分为直接策略和间接策略。

A、正确B、错误13. 在实际学习过程策略的使用情况受学习目的和学习内容的影响。

A、正确B、错误14. 调控策略是指学生计划、实施、评价和调整学习过程或学习结果的策略。

这种策略也被称为元认知策略。

A、正确B、错误15. 与语言技能训练关系密切的学习策略，最好与具体的语言学习活动结合起来。

目录一语音知识讲解与练习................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

二情景对话常用句式及范例......................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

三词法讲解与练习......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

四语法讲解与练习......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

五英汉翻译技巧讲解与练习 (151)第二部分解题指导与能力训练……………………………错误！未定义书签。

一词汇与语法知识解题指导与能力训练......................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

二完型填空解题指导与能力训练..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

三阅读理解解题指导与能力训练..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

四汉译英解题指导与能力训练......................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

2012年专业英语真题答案（原创）1—20 DBCCD DABAD ABACA BBCCD21 fact—the fact 22 recently—frequently 23 rest—rests 24 part—full25 its—their 26 because—as 27 different—same 28 men—women29 relative—relatively 30 and—or31—40 BADAC DBDAC41—45 recent difference called taken into46—50 that by students but such51—55 And Subjects and certain impossible56 International Phonetic Alphabet57 National Matriculation English Test58 Universal Grammar59 Verb Phrase60 Noun Phrase61.Interpersonal Functions：It is the most important sociological use of language,by which people establish and maintain their status in a society.62.Transactional functions:没找到63.Syntagmatic relations：the relation between one and others in a sequence,or between elements,which are all present.In a syntagmatic relation,there are syntactic and semantic conditions the words must meet.64.Paradigmatic relation:It refers to the relation holding between elements replaceable with each other at a particular place in a structure,or between one element present and the others absent. 65.Deductive learning:Deductive reasoning is a movement from a generalization to specific.This means that the teacher gives the students a new concept, explains it, and then has the students practice using the concept.翻译：（仅供参考）我们现在能总结出构成人的交际能力的技能分成四大方面，这一点在外语教学中一定要给予承认，简要起见，这里仅从说话者角度说一下这四点。

全国高等教育自学考试英语一2012版教材答案1. Natural foods also ________ vegetables not nourished by chemical fertilizers. [单选题] *A) haveB) include(正确答案)C) removeD) contain2. The staff in the kitchen has ________ the message that a customer wanted a special dish. [单选题] *A) received(正确答案)B) orderedC) pointedD) accepted3. You need to place the carton of fries with the McDonald’s name ________the customer.[单选题] *A) to faceB) faceC) facing(正确答案)D) faced4. Hourly output by workers ______ 1.3% in the first quarter. [单选题] *A) declined(正确答案)B) felledC) slowedD) reduced5. On ______, my mother earns 5000 yuan a month. [单选题] *A) totalB) average(正确答案)C) wholeD) balance6. The boy acted ________ he didn’t know me. [单选题] *A. so thatB. such asC. as if(正确答案)D. as soon7. The ______ between rich and poor is getting bigger and bigger in some places. [单选题] *A) differenceB) gap(正确答案)C) variationD) hole8. There are good opportunities to learn skills ________ the job. [单选题] *A) inB) aboveC) atD) on(正确答案)9. Each key on the board is ________ a different type of function. [单选题] *A) asB) for(正确答案)C) toD) with10. We became friends quite ________ accident. [单选题] *A) inB) out ofC) atD) by(正确答案)11. Hardly had I got to the cinema ________ the film began. [单选题] *A) when(正确答案)B) beforeC) afterD) then12. The country is suffering from a ________ of food. [单选题] *A) povertyB) zeroC) lackingD) shortage(正确答案)13. Do you think the film is worth ________? [单选题] *A) seeB) seeing(正确答案)C) to seeD) seen14. When it comes to ________, I’m best at preparing fish. [单选题] *A) cookerB) cookedC) cooking(正确答案)D) cook15. ________ a sense, he may be right to say that. [单选题] *A) ForB) In(正确答案)C) AtD) Without16. The food price is very frustrating. [单选题] *A) rising(正确答案)B) riseC) risen17. The teacher was by what the student said. [单选题] *A) confusingB) confused(正确答案)C) confusion18. His father is an eye . [单选题] *A) specializeB) specialC) specialist(正确答案)19. I’ve had no to my letter. [单选题] *A) responsiveB) respondC) response(正确答案)20. The government did its best to encourage . [单选题] *A) investment(正确答案)B) investC) investor21. My sister is in charge of the of births. [单选题] *A) registration(正确答案)B) registerC) registered22. The police found out about the deaths of the three men . [单选题] *A) accidentalB) accidentally(正确答案)C) accident23. If you want to go to the concert, you’ll have to make a , or there will be no tickets. [单选题] *A) reserveB) reservedC) reservation(正确答案)24. We put up pictures and other in the classroom. [单选题] *A) decoratesB) decorativeC) decorations(正确答案)25. His mother has a great from her injury. [单选题] *A) recovery(正确答案)B) recoveredC) recover26. The government required that the factory be closed to make sure that thetourist attraction would not be polluted.[单选题] *A) 政府要求关闭那个景点以确保游客不受伤害。

2012华工第一学期英语复习资料（含答案）1. A definitely B pretty C represent D respect2. A campus B ambition C associate D actually3. A pleasing B treat C meal D pleasure4. A polite B Promise C flightD tide5. A cheek B challenge C churchD character6. A nowadays B knowledge C slow down D shower7. A trouble-free B outstretched C mouse D doubt8. A suddenly B schedule C update D budget9. A fee B beer C exceedD sightseeing10 A chart B catch C outstretched D schedule11 A discuss B umbrella C produce D mutter12 A robot B topic C offerD occur13 A hidden B ripe C describe D tight14 A admit B contrast C apparent D disappear15 A sweater B treaty C reason D revealingPart II Reading ComprehensionPassage OneThis is a page from a college information handbook. It tells you where you can find variouscollege services and facilities (设施)Where to Find Help in the College?Here is the location of some important college services and facilities. Rooms numbered 100-130 are on the first floor and those numbered200-300 on the second floor of the main block.Student Service Center113The staff members are available to advice on career choice and application for higher education.Housing Office 114Mrs. Wardle is available each afternoon from 1：30 help students with problems relating to housing.Medical Room 115Mrs. Wright, the college nurse, is available each morning from 9:30 to 12:30 a. m. The college doctor is on duty on Wednesday mornings. Sports Office 207Mrs. Smith can provide information about sporting and keep-fit activities. Student Union Office 222A lot of services and advice (travel ,etc.) are provided.Food Service 127Mr. Donald is the manager and will do his best to help if you require a special diet.Library 215You can find books and computing facilities here.Self-Language Learning Center 203Students can attend any time 9:00 a. m. to 4:15 p. m.1 Where can students get advice on a future career?A Student Union Office.B Student Service Center.C Self-Language Learning Center.D The first page of information handbook.2 Where should you go for help if you fail to find a place to live in?A Room 114.B Room 207.C Room 222.D Room113.3 As a foreign student, you may go to Room 127 to_________________.A apply for a scholarshipB ask for some special foodC obtain a copy of a certificateD inquire about educational fees4 Which of the following statements is TRUE?A The college nurse is available only in the afternoon.B You can watch video programs and go online in the library.C You need to call before going to the Self Language Center.D The Student Union Office can give students different services and advice. Passage TwoOn the shore of Lake Sawyer, there is a mountain. I call it Treasure Mountain. When I was a young man, I used to walk there alone. One day while I was taking a walk, it began to rain. A terrific storm moved in very quickly, and I was quite worried .It was blowing like mad, trees were bending over, and lightening was crashing all over me. After wandering aimlessly for several hours, I found a cave inside the mountain. I was cold, wet, and sad so I went far into the back of the cave and lighted a match. To my surprise, I saw a large wooden chest with a string iron lock. The lock was too thick for me to break, and the chest was too heavy for me to carry. Could there be jewels or golden coins inside? I was so excited that I couldn’t sleep. In the morning, I left and found my way home, I promised myself to return with tools to open chest and get the treasure.I have tried to keep that promise. Every summer for 20 years I have gone back alone to Treasure Mountain. However, I havefailed to find the cave. Sometimes life is too changeable to believe!5 What happened while the author was walking in T reassure Mountain?A He got lost in the mountain.B A wild animal attacked him.C He caught in a big storm.D A snowstorm moved in suddenly.6 When he lighted a match he found________________.A a pile of jewels and golden coins.B a large iron chest with a strong iron lock.C a wooden chest with jewels and golden coins.D a large wooden chest with a strong iron lock.7 What did he do the next morning?A He went home with the chest.B He returned with tools to open the chest.C He left the cave and went home with nothing.D He went home with the jewels and golden coins.8 Did he find the cave again in the following 20 years?A No, the cave never existed.B No, he didn’t find the cave again.C Yes, he found it and got some treasure.D Yes, but he didn’t take any treasure away.Passage ThreeIn the past fifty years, the American society has changed a great deal. Fifty years ago, most Americans lived in small communities. They knew their neighbors at least by name if not by close relations. Life was so personal that people joked about it. They said that a person could not even stay at home from church on Sunday without the whole knowing about it. It wasdifficult to keep one’s secret in a small community like that, but there was a sense of safety, of belonging, and of community togetherness in such places. Few people experience this type of lifelong relationship or sense of community togetherness now The American society is much more unsettled; people often move from neighborhood to neighborhood, city to city, and coast to coast. Because people move so frequently, they do not have a chance to get know their neighbors .Perhaps this is also why Americans tend to have a more casual attitude about friendships than people from some other cultures. In such an impersonal society, people have lost the habit of saying hello to each other when they pass on the streets or in the hallways (国道) of their apartment building.9 What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A The benefits of living in small towns.B The life style of Americans in the past.C The difficulty in keeping secrets from others.D The change that happened in the American society.10 Which of the following is TRUE of the people in small towns fifty years ago?A They knew each other quite well.B They didn’t have their private life.C They liked to tell jokes to each other.D They used to stay at home on Sundays.11 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE ?A Many Americans move lot these days.B Americans tend to be rude and unfriendly.C Community togetherness is something of the past.D Americans don’t take friendship as seriously as other peoples.12 What can we infer from the passage?A Americans liked to stay at home in the past.B Americans were much happier in the past.C Americans are not as close to each other as before.D America does not have any small communities now.Passage FourIn recent years, many Americans of both sexes and various and various ages have become interested in improving their bodies. They have become devoted to physical fitness. The need to exercise has almost becomecompulsive (强制性的) with many persons who have a strong desire to bemore physically fit.By nature, Americans are enthusiastic (充满热情的) about their hobbiesand pastimes. They apply this enthusiasm running. As a result, there are running clubs to join and many books and magazines to read about running.The desire to be physically fit is explained by a “passion” for good health. The high rate of heart attacks in the 1960s caused an increase on the part of the public in improving their bodies. Middle-aged men especially suffer from heart attacks. Thus, they are one group more strongly interested in physical exercise. In fact, many encourage their patients to become more physically active, especially those who have sedentary (久坐的) jobs. It is interesting to note that the rate of heart attacks began to decrease in the 1970s and it is still decreasing. Physical fitness currently enjoys a favored role in the United States. It is new “love” that many Americans have cherished. Will it last long? Only time can tell or until another “new passion” comes along.13 Many Americans have become interested in doing exercisebecause____________.A they want to be more physically fitB there are many running clubs fitC they are enthusiastic about developing a hobbyD they have learnt its importance from books and magazines14 According to the passage, which of the following popular with Americans now?A Joining clubsB RunningC Developing hobbiesD Reading books and magazines15 Which group of people are more interested in taking physical exercise?A WomenB Middle-aged menC DoctorsD Passionate people16 What is the passage mainly about?A The high rate of heart attacks in America.B Americans don’t desire to join clubs.C Americans don’t love for physical fitness.D The health conditions of middle-aged Americans.Passage FiveBenjamin Franklin was born in 1706 and died in 1790. The philosopher(哲学家) and writer was one of the most important men in the early days of the United States. He believed strongly in the importance of hard work, and he himself worked hard all his life,from the time he left school at the age of ten.“Poor Richard,” a character Franklin created, summarized Franklin’s ideas in short sayings. Many of Poor Richard’s sayings are still remembered today. One of the most famous is “Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise,” fro m the essay (散文) “The Way to Wealth.”In the same essay, Franklin talks about the danger of laziness and the value of ambitiousness (抱负). He asks what is accomplished by “wishing and hoping for better times.” He says that we can make these times netter if we try hard enough. People who spend all their time just hoping will die without food. They shouldn’t expect everything to be easy, or as Poor Richard says, “There are no gains without pains.” Franklin also says that we should work today, not wait until tomorrow. “One today is worth two tomorrow,” says Poor Richard. “Never leave that till tomorro w, which you can do today.”17 Benjamin Franklin valued______________very much all his life.A hard workB schoolingC writingD philosophy18 Who is Poor Richard?A A philosopher in Franklin’s time.B A character created by Franklin.C A famous essay writerD The author of “The Way to Wealth.”19 “One today is worth tomorrow” means that________________.A everyone can have a bright futureB one shouldn’t hope for better timesC one has to enjoy himself today, not tomorrowD if one wants to do something valuable, do it at once20 What is the purpose of the passage?A To discuss the importance of hard work.B To warn people of the danger of laziness.C To introduce Benjamin Franklin and his famous sayings.D To remember Poor Richard and what he has taught us.Passage SixIt is quite clear that sleeping is necessary to everyone. If we don’t get enough sleep, we will feel tired.Generally, we have two kinds of sleep: active sleep and passive sleep. The passive sleep gives us the rest our bodies need, and prepares us for active sleep, in dreaming appears. In passive sleep, the body is at relaxation. The heart slows down. We move little. And the brain become very inactive. If a person continues to sleep, the brain temperature rises, the amount of blood in the brain increases, the body becomes very, very still, and the brain goes from being inactive to being active. And as the brain becomes more active the eyes begin to move rapidly. When the eyes begin to move, this is a sign of another change: the person is dreaming.Throughout the night a person usually dreams for about one and a half hours. Many people say they don’t dream or they rarely dream. Doctors have studied the sleep and have found that everyone dreams. It appears that we need passive sleep in order to rest our bodies and need active sleep in order to rest brains.21 What will happen if a person can’t have e nough sleep?A He will fall ill.B He will feel tired.C His mind will be hurt.D His brain will stop working.22 Which of the following statements is TRUE about passive sleep?A The heart beats slowly but the body moves a lot.B The brain is inactive but the heart beats fast.C The body moves a little and the brain becomes active.D The heart beats slowly and the brain is not active.23 If the person’s eyes move quickly in sleep it mean________________.A he is in active sleep and dreamingB he is in passive sleep and dreaming.C he is going from active sleep to passive sleep.D he is going from passive sleep to active sleep.24 We know the passage that_____________________.A people who dream a lot can get better restB of the two kinds of sleep, passive sleep is more importantC one and a half hours’ sleep at night is enough for most peopleD both active and passive sleep is necessary to our healthPassage SevenIn the United States, teaching is very important. If teachers do not teach well, students will complain. If many students do not understand, people think that teacher does not do a good job. The teacher has big responsibility to make sure students understand. In a sense, students are consumers (消费者) and the teacher is offering services.Students have the right to evaluate (评价) their teachers, and they usually do so at the end of each course. That evaluation includes lots of aspects of teaching, such as preparation,explanation, using good examples, answering questions, and organization of classes.Students are supposed to read required textbooks and recommended books before class. Without reading them, they will find it very difficult to understand the class. Basic courses on doing research and writing papers are taught at the beginning of the program. Students are expected to apply what they have learned to their studies.Classes are usually divided into lectures and seminars (讨论会). There are some lecture classes, where the teacher just gives a lecture, and students ask questions at the end. Higher level classes involve very little lecturing. They emphasize discussion and presentation (陈述) by the students.25 According to the passage, a good teacher should_________________.A make himself understoodB understand his students wellC try to make his students happyD look upon himself as a consumer26 Which part of teachers’ work is NOT evaluated by students?A How many books they require students to read.B How carefully they prepare their lessons.C How clearly they explain themselves in class.D How well they deal with students’ questions.27 When a program starts, students are expected to learn_______________.A what the course is mainly aboutB how to take part in discussionC how to do research and write papersD what theories to be applied in their study28 Students in higher level classes spend much time_______________.A listening to the teacher’s lecturesB answeri ng the teacher’s questionsC discussing and presenting their ideasD reading different books and taking notesPassage EightIf friends fall for (爱上) friends, they are often in a dilemma. Nicole, a juniorat S tanford, found her good friend fell for her. “He is a nice guy, but I was just not attracted to him,” she said. “He kept asking me out, and I kept saying no.” Nicole resolved the situation uniq uely. She told a girlfriend who liked him to go out with him. “He has not been after me since,” she said. “I have just tried to act as if nothing unusual ever happened. It is hard, but I don’t want to lose his friendship. We’ve remained friends through all the changes.The falling-for-a-friend situation isn’t always easy to resolve. To tell their friend and are met by a pleasant surprise when they find their friend feels the same way. Others get a kind, sympathetic refusal. And still others keepquiet and watch, silently tortured (受折磨), as their best friend datessomeone else.Whatever happens, it’s risky. Tell and you ca n lose a friendship or gain a solid love. Don’t tell and you feel it too painful to watch that person date someone else.Alan Hart, a junior at Harvard, started to fall for a good friend. The girl has a boyfriend who treats her poorly and Hart is theperson she turns to when she’s unset. So Allan has never told her he lives her. He said he cares enough about her to know that her comfort and security are more important. And he does not want to see things become uncomfortable if he tells her how he feels.Kelly Flynn, a senior at MIT, took a different approach. After a year of having feelings for a close friend, the two came to be more that friends. But the decision was mutual after they were sure the rel ationship would work. “When you date someone that you haven’t spent time before, it is always awkward,” said Flynn. “I think it is much easier to talk with someone if you have already had a chance to know each other as friends.”29 When her friend asked her out, Nicole said no because __________.A he was not a nice guyB they had been close friendsC she was not attracted to himD he had been dating another girl30 What is true of the falling-for-a-friend situation?A Any choice to be made is risky.B Boys should keep quiet and watch.C Girls should say no when they are asked out.D The best choice is to act if nothing has happened.31 Why hasn’t Alan Hart told the loves her?A Because the girl doesn’t treat Alan Hart very well.B Because it is painful to watch the girl date someone else.C Because the girl’s boyfriend loves her very much.D Because Alan cares about her comfort and security.32 What does Kelly Flynn’s story tell us?A It is always awkward to date a close friend.B Two friends may find it easier to communicate if they date each other.C If a boy and a girl have been good friends, they can become lovers.D It is exciting if you date someone you haven’t spent time with before. Passage NineNew research on vegetables and aging found that eating vegetables helps keep the brain young and slow the mental (衰退) associated with age. On measures of mental sharpness, older people who ate more than two serving of vegetables daily appeared about five years younger at the end of six-year study than those who ate few or no vegetables.The research in almost 2, 000 Chicago-area men and women showed that green leafy vegetables appeared to be the most beneficial. The researchers said that green leafy vegetables contain healthy amounts of vitamin E, which is believed to help fight chemicals produced by the body that can damage cells.Vegetables generally contain more vitamin E that fruits. Vegetables are often eaten with healthy fats such as salad oils, which help the body absorb vitamin E, said Martha Clare Morris, a researcher at Chicago’s Rush University Medical Center.The research involved 1,946 people aged 65 and older who filled out questionnaires about their eating habits. They also had mental function tests three times over about six years. The tests included measures of short-term and delayed memory. These older people were asked to recall elements of a story that had just been read to them. They were also given an exercise using symbols and numbers.Overall, people did gradually worse on these tests over time, but those who ate more than two vegetable servings a day hadabout 40% less mental decline than those who ate few or no vegetables. The study also found thatpeople who ate lots of vegetables were more physically active, adding to evidence that what’s g ood for your heart is good for your brain.33 What does the research tell us?A Eating vegetables helps keep the brain young.B Old people should eat more vegetables.C Only by eating vegetables can we keep physically healthy.D Eating vegetables makes us physically and mentally young.34 What happened to those who ate more vegetables in the research?A They found it unnecessary to eat fruits.B They grew mentally sharper than they used to be.C Their bodies produced chemicals that could damage cells.D They had sharper minds than those who ate fewer vegetables.35 What does the research prove about green leafy vegetables?A They help our bodies absorb vitamin E.B They have more vitamins than salad oils.C They contain more vitamin E than frits.D They help stop mental decline in old people.36 The old people were asked to recall elements of stories because____________.A they had to fill out questionnairesB their memory was to be testedC they had to read the stories to othersD their mental functions were damaged英汉互译Direction: For this section, you are supposed to translate the following 15 sentences into English.1 我们打电话时，他碰巧出去了。

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：12012年华南理工大学考研真题答案精解之翻译硕士英语【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：22015考研英语写作七大误区词汇与语法错误考研英语写作让很多同学都很头痛，有两点原因：一为词汇，二为语法。

因为英语与汉语的区别是一词多义，非常讲究用词准确而且正式。

同时，英语的词汇非常丰富，一个词语通常都有许多同义词和近义词。

考生如果平时注意积累并加以练习，就能够在考试中熟练地加以运用。

英文写作也同样非常讲究语法，尤其是考研作文作为正式文体，需要注意以下几点小细节：(1)尽量少用缩写形式。

如don't,can't,won't 应写为do not,cannot,will not 等。

(2)用更加正式的否定形式。

如not…any 应写为no,not…much 写为little,not many 写做few 等。

(3)尽量少用"etc.","and so on"等表达方式。

例如：Activities include dancing,singing,etc 。

Activities include dancing,singing,and other fun stuff 。

◎中文式思维模式很多考生在考试过程中把一些中文的成语、谚语翻译成英文，这种做法导致的结果就是文章不仅行文不符合英文的规律，读起来也让人觉得非常不舒服。

纠正中文思维习惯的关键依然在于培养英文语感，同时考生在平时的练习中也要尽量让自己用英文来思考。

如果考生需要用到谚语，名句等，最好的办法是直接掌握英文的谚语、名句，并灵活运用到文章中。

◎注意字数与标点考研英语作文一分钟平均7～8个字，字数多少算个够?自己目测一下，以大作文为例，中等大小一行15字，最起码写到12，13位置,因为阅卷人做的第一件事情就是看你的字数，就看你的位置到没有到。