高中英语 Module 4(Sandstorms in Asia-Grammar)学案2 外研版必修

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1 / 8 Module 4《Sandstorms in Asia》

语法 不定式

审核人： 设计时间：

授课时间： 学生某某：

学习重点：不定式 学习重点：不定式用法

学习过程:

一 基本形式 _______________________________

二 时态 语态

主动语态 被动语态

一般式

完成式

进行式

完成进行式

(1)语态

如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：

It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语）

It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语）

I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语）

Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语）

He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语） word

2 / 8 在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are

still many things to t ake care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.)

There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)

(2)时态

1) 现在时：_________________________________________

He seems to know this.

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时：________________________________________。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.

4) 完成进行时：

She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.

三 成分：________ _________ __________ ___________ _________ _______

1、 作__________：谓语动词用________表_________________________________

(1)把不定式置于句首

eg ; To study with you is my pleasure.

(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：

①________________________

It's our duty to take good care of the old.

②___________________________

How long did it take you to finish the work?

③_____________________常用的adj 有____________________

It is difficult for us to finish writing the positionin a quarter of an word

3 / 8 hour.

④______________________常用的adj 有____________________

___________________________________等表示赞扬或批评的词.

It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.

在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于______________________，

如：It'skind of you to help me with my English.

=You are kind to helpme with my English.

⑤___________________________

It seemed impossible to save money.

注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型

(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.

2、作____ 即：v+to do 此类动词有_________________________

eg：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

I happen to know the answer to your question.

3、作____即：v+sb.+to do此类动词_____________________________

eg：

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. word

4 / 8 b. We believe him to be guilty.

4、作____表示_____________________________________

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.

③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.

当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定 式说明主语的内容。

④Our work is serving the people.

⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.

⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.

④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving thepeople is our work,而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来。

5、作_______(___________,_____,________)

1）作_________

To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.

I e here only to say good-bye to you.

2）作_________，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 作_________

I'm glad to see you.

[省to 的动词不定式]

1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)： word

5 / 8 2） 使役动词 1 ______2 ______3 _____

3） 感官动词

1___2_____3-_______4_______5_______6______7_____8_______9________10_____等后作宾补，省略to。

注意：______________________________。

I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.

=They were made to work the whole night.

4） 表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather，had better，might(just) as well：rather than置于句首时。

Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride a bike.

5） Why… / why not…：

6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：

7） but和except：_______________________________________。

He wants to do nothing but go out.

He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

8）当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and，but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时，则不能省略。

He wants to move to France and marry the girl.

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more

difficult.

9） 通常在______, ______, _______,______, _____等词后，可以省去to be：

He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

10）不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时，符号to可省去。