期末考试高级英语第一册修辞总结

Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar

1. Onomatopoeia拟声法: is the formation of words in imitation or

the sounds associated with the thing concerned.

e.g. 1 Little monkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread

their way among the throngs of people Para. 1

2 the squeaking and rumbling Para. 9

2. Metaphor隐喻: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one

thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or

“like”.

e.g. 1 the heat and glare of a big open square Para. 1

2…until you rounded a corner and see a fairlyland of dancing

flashes….

3…in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar

Para. 7

3. alliteration头韵: is the use of several

words in close proximity

beginning with the same letter or letters.

e.g. 1 …thread their way among the throngs of people Para. 1

2…the sellers; on the other hand; make a point of protesting

4. Hyperbole夸张: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound

big; small; loud and so on by saying that it is like something even

bigger; smaller; louder; etc.

e.g.or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and…Para. 7 quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil

Para. 9

5．Antithesis对偶: is the setting; often in parallel structure; of

contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis.

e.g. 1 …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge

leather bellows…Para. 5

2 …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels

and their stone wheels. Para. 9

6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects

are endowed with human qualities or are represented as

possessing human form.

e.g. …as the burnished copper catches the light of …Para.5

7. Assonance尾韵

e.g. 1… the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding wheels….

Unit 2

1.Metaphor: 暗喻

A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily

designates one thing is used to designate another; thus making an

implicit comparison.

暗喻是一种修辞;通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物;从而暗示二者之间的相似之处..

1. And secondly; because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon

railways official might say.

2. …I was again crushed by the thought…Page 13; Para. 4; Line 1

3. …At last the intermezzo came to an end and…Page 13; Para. 4;

Line 1

4. …when the meaning of these last words sank in; jolting me…P15;

P. 7; Lines 1~3

2. alliteration头韵: is the use of several words in close proximity

beginning with the same letter or letters.

e.g. 1the fast train in the world slipped to a stop….

2I feel sick;; and ever since then they have been testing and

treating me ….

3. rhetorical question 反诘句

e.g. 1 Was I not at the scene of the crime

4. Synecdoche: 提喻

A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole a hand for

sailor ; the whole for a part as the law for police officer ; the

specific for the general as cutthroat for assassin ; the general

for the specific as thief for pickpocket ; or the material for the

thing from which it is made as steel for sword .

举隅法;提喻法：一种修辞方法;以局部代表整体如用手 代表 水手 ;以整体代表局部如用 法律 代表 警官 ;以特殊代表一般如用 直柄剃刀 代表 杀人者 ;以一般代表特殊如用 贼 代表 扒手 ;或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西如用 钢 代表 剑

e.g.1 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid

beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant

struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. Para. 7

l ittle old Japan: traditional Japanese houses

2 There were fresh bows; and the faces grew more and more serious

each time the name Hiroshima was repeated .synecdoche

5. Metonymy: 换喻

A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for

another with which it is closely associated; as in the use of

“Washington” for “the United States government” or of “the

sword” for “military power”.

换喻;转喻：一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法;如用“华盛顿” 代替 “美政府” 或用 “剑” 代替 “军事力量”

The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige

concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle

between the kimono and the miniskirt. Para. 7

the kimono and the miniskirt: the Japanese culture and the western

culture

6. Irony：反语 The use of words to express something different from and often

opposite to their literal meaning to achieve the humorous and ironic

effect.

反语：正话反说或反话正说以达到幽默和讽刺的效果..

e.g. 1This way I look at them and congratulate myself on the good

fortune that my illness has brought me. P. 17

7. Sarcasm讽刺

Sarcasm is an expression or cutting remark clearly meaning the

opposite to what is felt.

e.g. 1Hiroshima—the “liveliest” City in Japan

2If you want to write this city; do not forget to say that this

city is the gayest city in Japan; even if…