2018届高考英语二轮复习主谓一致在短文语法填空中考查指导学案(可编辑修改word版)

语法填空提升练(一) 时态和语态[考点巩固练]1.(2017·浙江杭州七校联考)Over the last two generations in the UK andUS,industrialization (slow) down and more people have become dissatisfied with life in urban areas.2.(2017·浙江“超级全能生”12月联考)After her first ride as a “criminal”,Simms (decide) to swear off a life of crime.She joined the rest of the senior center people for a game of bingo.3.(2017·北京改编)People (have) better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result.4.As you go through this book,you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World WarⅡ had a different experience.5.(2016·全国Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.6.How close parents are to their children (have) a strong influence on the development of the children’s characters.7.Two years ago,our teacher (offer) us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.8.My English teacher,as well as her students,(invite)to perform at the party last night.9.Tom (work)in the library every night over the last three months.10.—How much did you spend on the new mobile phone?—I (expect)it would cost me 500 dollars,but I was so lucky to get it at a 15 percent discount.[语篇强化练]A(2017·11浙江)Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIt’s not all that hard to b uild an advanced and large vocabulary.Like many things in life,it’s 1. ongoing process,and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement,2.means you’ll just keep getting better and better.Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn’t think that a few 3.(month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 4. the rest of your life,and that’s also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily,and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the 5.(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.You need to 6.(real) read at least one good book a week,preferably a classic.This is n’t as hard as it 7.(sound),and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 8.(read) an interesting piece of literature.Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 9.(they) use unconsciously,meaning that you will tend to use the words 10.(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.B(2017·福建莆田3月质检)Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)wasn’t fully accepted outside of China for centuries.There was once a Chinese man in the US who was accused after he used1. certain form of TCM treatment2.(cure) his grandson’s disease.In the last 10 years or so,however,TCM 3.(get) more popu lar all over the world.A report 4.(publish) on Dec.6 says this style of healthcare,which 5.(include) different forms like herbal medicine and exercise,has spread to 183 count ries and regions.For instance,in Lima,the capital of Peru,there are around 50 Chinese medicine clinics(诊所).Around 70 percent of6.(they) were set up by local doctors.TCM has become popular7.the people of Peru.Although TCM has been widely accepted,it still faces challenges.For example,there is trouble in being able to prove 8.(exact) what certain drugs are made up of,as well as being able to keep the effects the same every time.Some researchers have suggested TCM should be more exact and come together with Western Medicine.“Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM,rather than being in 9. (compete),is 10. the potential for great effects lies.”参考答案语法填空提升练(一) 时态和语态[考点巩固练]1.has slowed 根据时间状语“Over the last two generations”可知,本句时态要用现在完成时态,主语industrialization是抽象名词,谓语用单数,与谓语是主动关系。

高考英语二轮语法复习（主谓一致）学案在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

如：What I bought were th ree English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。

如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注意：①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

高考主谓一致的用法一．语法(形式)一致原则一般情况下，句子主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词要用复数形式。

如：many a+单数名词，more than one+单数名词作主语。

eg:①The boy is playing with his friends.②More than one way has been tried.③Many a boy has made that mistake.二．意义一致的原则㈠谓语动词的选用还要取决于主语表达的内容在含义上是单数意义还是复数意义。

eg:①Chinese is difficult for foreigners.②The Chinese are hard-working and brave.㈡带有并列连词的what从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。

eg:①What he says and what he does doesn’t concern me.他的言行与我无关。

②What he says and what he does don’t agree.他的言行不一致。

三．就近一致原则Neither...nor...,either...or...,whether...or...,or,not only/just...but (also)...,not...but...连接两个名词或代词作主语，或在There/Here be句型中，谓语动词形式应与它最近的主语保持一致。

eg:①Not you but your sister is to blame.②There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.(比较：There are two pencils and a pen on the desk.)四．就前(远)一致原则主语结构为“主语+with/together with/along with/without/as well as/like/except/but/besides/rather than/including/not/perhaps/maybe短语等”作定语时，谓语动词形式就前一致。

专题二名词、冠词、代词、数词和主谓一致(+完形填空+语篇填空)A级基础过关Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018山东烟台二模)Like many athletic (activity),yoga comes with some risk.As (it) popularity has gradually risen,so has the number of yoga-related injuries.答案activities;its2.(2018四川乐山二模)They tested 520 university students on their memory and intelligence when in the presence of a smart phone to see how affected them.答案it3.(2018广东深圳一模)Mulan’s characteristics,such as courag e,kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune,made (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines.答案her4.(2018四川乐山三模)The Moroccan diet is rich in fruits and vegetables.Throughout history,as each new culture moved to Morocco,they introduced (they) own tastes and styles into the country.答案their5.(2018内蒙古赤峰4月模拟)Two of my (hero) have completed a bigproject.答案heroes6.(2018安徽江淮十校4月联考)In Chinese culture,each year is related toChinese animal according to the 12-year cycle.答案a7.(2018山东泰安二模) “My wallet is no longer in use.I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,”said university student,adding that even pancake sellers are using mobile payment.答案a8.They are called latchkey children,who look after (them) while their parents work.答案themselves9.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐三模)An early use of the word “chickenfeed” appeared in 1930 in an American book about a rich man and son.“Chickenfeed” also has another interesting meaning.答案his10.(2018湖南株洲二模)Temple fairs,originating along with the development of Buddhist and Taoist activities,(be) a kind of mass gatherings that integrate(融合) religious worship,entertainment and commerce.Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018河北保定二模)They send letters to businesses,go to job interviews,and ask our friends and relations for help.2.(2018山东济南二模)Then we began to play with them.I drew picture with the older kids,and my classmates told stories to the younger ones.3.(2018河北唐山三模)Recite poems not only enriches my knowledges,but also makes my job less boring.4.(2018安徽江南十校二模联考)That’s true.A friend of me,who often does the same thing,is beginning to feel bad too.5.(2018安徽江南十校二模联考)Instead,we should work out to keep healthy,because anything is more important than health.6.(2018重庆三模) We met each other at junior high school.She was shortest in our class at that time.前面加the7.(2018河南洛阳三模) I know someday I’ll have a same feeling as this lovely man.8.(2018陕西西安八校联考) I know a teacher mood may influence his students,especially our attitudes towards study.9.(2018河南郑州三模) Some students cut potatoes into pieces,some dug hole,and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the holes,put the earth back and pushed them down hard.答案hole→holes;them→it10.The situation is even worse in the least developed countries—only one in 10 people have regular access to the Internet.答案have→hasB级能力提升Ⅲ.完形填空(2018山东泰安二模)These days,upcycling(升级改造) is popular with people.They 1 something unique from existing materials rather than buy more.My granny,Bobo has spent 92 years doing just that out of necessity.Wasting time and resources was 2 an option in the world she grew up in.With seven children to 3 ,she lived a hard and economical life.Bobo has been upcycling 4 the day Great-Granny Annie put a needle in her hand and taught her how to give new 5 to every fabric(织物)in their farmhouse.Just like Bobo,my mother,Cindy, 6 making her clothes.She 7 her homecoming dress and bought the fabric with money she earned 8 at the can factory.One generation passed on to the next the 9 of creating something beautiful and useful by hand.Granny’s and Mom’s sewing skills meant that no matter thebudget,Christmas,birthday,and wedding gifts were 10 .From a baby blanket to abib(围嘴),each treasure 11 a special quality of personalization.In my home I am 12 by upcycling at its best.Thanks to Bobo’s 13 ways,the artistry of handwork lives on in four 14 of crafters.Granny Bobo lived it.Mom carried it on.I am picking it up by listening and15 .Now my daughter,Greta,is also learning to use those 16 .I sit and watch 17 as Bobo’s hands weave needle and thread.In 92 years,her hands have known and 18 life,home and family.Age has brought the 19 of some memories.But if you listen to her stories while she 20 ,you’ll journey back to the old farm with her.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

2018届高三英语短文改错解题策略复习导学案Step1. 英文歌导入，听改互动，找出五处歌曲与歌词不相符的地方。

Sunshine In The Rain By BWOWhen I'm in Berlin you're off to London When I'm New York you're doing RomeAll those crazy night we spend together As voices on the phoneWishing we could be more telepathic Tire of the nights I sleep aloneWishing we could redirect the traffic And we find us a homeCan you felt the raindrops in the desert Have you seen the sunrays in the darkDo you feel my love when I'm not present Stand by your side while miles apart Sunshine in the rain Love is still the sameStep 2.本复习课学习目标After this period, you'll be able to:(1)know the steps of correcting a composition.(2)know the common types of mistakes appeared in proofreading.(3)be sensitive to these kinds of mistakes while correcting a composition.Step 3. 短文改错命题趋向和考点设置（1）命题趋向①近几年，高考短文改错题大多内容比较浅显，题材较为轻松，该题型多以记叙文为主，题材和语言符合高中学生的实际，学生平时在书面表达中常出现的错误也是短文改错要考察的重点。

2018届江苏高考英语单项填空讲练测03(主谓一致)──知识精讲在英语中，句子谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。

高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法一致、逻辑意义一致以及就近(远)一致原则等三个方面。

一、语法一致原则只要确定句子的主语是单数意义，则谓语用单数，句子的主语意义复数，则谓语用复数。

具体表现如下：1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

His father on the farm. 他父亲正在农场工作。

To study English well not easy. 学好英语不容易。

Reading in the sun bad for your eyes. 在太阳底下看书对你的眼睛有害。

What he said very important for us all. 他所说的对我们都很重要。

The children in the classroom two hours ago. 两个小时前孩子们在教室。

注意：①由what，who引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

What I say helpful to you. What I bought three English books.②两个不定式结构或动名词短语作主语时，如果是两个概念，用复数形式；如果是一个问题的两个方面，用单数形式。

Going shopping and working out in the gym what she does in her spare time.她空闲时间都去购物和体育馆锻炼。

Where and when to hold the sports meet been decided.在哪儿和什么时间开运动会还没有决定。

Early to rise and early to bed good for our health.早起早睡对我们的健康有好处。

专题课件专题四语法填空有提示词填空第一讲动词的时态、语态及主谓一致真题验证1(2017·全国Ⅰ)导学号 47404057 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1.as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2.effects (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3.to process (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4.are removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5.a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6.worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7.is (be) full of fat and salt; by 8.eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9.careful (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10.which is not good for the health.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

2018届二轮复习情态动词、助动词在语法填空中考查指导一、情态动词[自主练悟]单句语法填空/单句改错①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The exhibition will be_held (hold) in the City Museum, located in the north of our city.②(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)We must found ways to protect our environment.found→find③(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.chose→choose④(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)You can correcting any mistakes you find in them.correcting→correct⑤(2016·江苏高考书面表达)Therefore, rules should worked out and strictly observed.should后加be⑥(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I should available any time after school next week.should后加be⑦(2016·北京高考书面表达)As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must Wei Y uan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.must后加be⑧(2015·天津高考改编)I needn’t worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.worried前加have[易错提醒]1．情态动词不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的实义动词或be动词一起构成谓语。

专题15 完形填空1．选材以记叙文为主，内容兼有教育性和启迪性。

从体裁上看，完形填空题以记叙为主，议论为辅，结构完整，用词准确，篇章条理清晰，叙事通畅明了。

从题材上看，完形填空力图选取一篇有教育意义和现实意义的文章，主题明确，逻辑性强，语言地道生动，内容新颖、时尚，内容通常涉及日常生活、文史知识、科技小品、社会热点、政治、经济、人物传记等。

2．首句一般不设空，全文保持一定的挖空密度。

完形填空的第一句一般都是完整的句子，记叙文的第一句通常把短文中故事发生的时间、地点、人物和事件等交代清楚，作为考生在解题时理解并掌握全文大意的基础。

很多时候议论文和说明文的第一句是文章的主题句，抓住主题句便抓住了文章的主旨。

空格在短文中均衡分布。

相邻空格之间间隔适当，避免了提示信息过多或过少的情况。

3．以语篇考查为主，单纯语法考查很少。

完形填空题以语篇为载体，立足于考生对全文的理解。

试题注重考查考生结合词汇、语法、语篇知识、生活常识、文化背景知识等进行逻辑推理和综合判断的能力，而非简单考查其词汇使用和单句语法及意义方面的知识。

在干扰项的设计上，充分考虑了测试的信度与效度，避免了干扰项与正确项相似度过低或过高而引起的干扰性过弱或过强的情况。

单纯考查语法结构的题目数量很少，重在文意干扰，每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。

如果孤立地看挖空的句子，可能每个选项都能满足句子的需要，无论将哪个选项填进去，从语法上讲都是正确的，但是要确定正确答案，只能根据全文的内容和情节发展作出判断。

4．考点分布合理。

以考查单词为主，短语或词组为辅；以考查实词为主，虚词为辅。

这样的设置既要求考生具有很好的词感，能熟练运用所学过的常见词汇，还要求他们具有较强的语感，具有对语篇进行整体处理的能力。

做到“上下求索寻信息，左顾右盼找答案，瞻前顾后想全文”，同时结合考生个人积累的各方面的知识正确解读全文。

高考完形填空的命题特点：一、选材特点1．以叙为主，叙议结合高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文。

外研版 2018 年英语中考归纳复习专题：主谓一致【主谓一致】语法一致原则语法一致是指句子的主语和谓语通常在语法形式上保持一致。

即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词用复数形式。

使用情况当单数可数名词、单数代词、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式;当复数可数名词、复数代词作主语时 ,谓语动词用复数形式。

例句A girl is singing on the stage .一个女孩正在舞台上唱歌。

They have been there twice. 他们去过那儿两次了。

当单个不定式 (短语 )/动名词Reading is a good way of lea (短语 )作主语时，谓语动词用rning. 阅读是一种好的学习方单数形式。

式。

当 and 或 both...and... 连接并Both her father and her moth 列主语表示两个或两个以上er are teachers. 她的爸爸和的人或物时，谓语动词用复数妈妈都是老师。

形式。

当不定代either,neither,one,much,ever Everyone is ready for the sp ything,somebody,anything等orts meeting.每个人都运作主，用数形会做好了准。

当Every boy and every girl has each,each...(and each...),eve the right to receive educatio ry...(and every...)作主，n.每个男孩和女孩都有接受教用数形式。

育的利。

当“oneof+ 名 /代复数”(表One of these books is writte 示“⋯⋯之一”)作主，n by my uncle.些中有一用数形式。

本是我叔叔写的。

当主后接有with,along/together with,as we Diana,together with her frie ll as,including,besides,like,exc nds,are flying kites in the p ept,but等或短，ark. 戴安娜和她的朋友正的形式由主的复数形式在公园里放筝。