2014硕士研究生统一入学考试 英语一
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D
on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not
what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old
acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these
occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially
have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a
lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and
2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题答案与解析
Section Ⅰ Use of English
The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue
recently. The court cannot 1(B.maintain)its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law
2(A.when) justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted
in ways that 3(B.weakened)the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.
Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of
activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be 4(D.accepted)as
impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not 5(C.bound)by an
ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself 6(B.subject)to the code
of conduct that 7(D.applies)to the rest of the federal judiciary.
This and other similar cases 8(B.raise) the question of whether there is still a
2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及参考答案
来源：万学海文 教研中心 英语教研室发布时间：2011-01-15 16:52:45
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Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C]
or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to
health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical
fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,
___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good
laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.
__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently
accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles,
1 试题精解Part ⅠClose Test
一、文章总体分析
本文是一篇短小的论证性文章，其主题是强调农民储存余粮的必要性。
文章①句提出论点：农民想成功，就必须努力保持消费和生产之间有较大的差距。②句对①句进行具体的解释：即他必须存储大量的粮食。③④⑤从正面论述储存余粮的必要性：③句总说可以养家糊口；④⑤句具体说可以留作播种、应对恶劣天气影响及作为商品卖掉以满足农业再生产等需要。⑥⑦⑧句论述没有余粮的危害:不能自给自足，从反面论证储存余粮的必要性。
二、试题具体解析
1.\[A\] other than不同于，除了„„ [B] as well as也，又（表示附加）
[C] instead of而不是„„（表选择） [D] more than比„„更多（表比较）
本题考核的知识点是：逻辑关系。正确率：72%
［快速解题］ 文章首句的含义是：一个农民要想成功，就必须努力保持其消费和生产之间较大的差距。接着文章提到了两种正好相反的做法，一种是store a large quantity of grain（存储大量的粮食），另一种是consuming all his grain immediately（立即把他所有的粮食都消费完）。显然前一种做法是农民可以成功的做法，因此空格处需要一个词语来否定后面部分，而且其后能跟现在分词。选项中，只有介词短语instead of符合要求，意为“他必须存储大量的粮食而不是立即把所有的粮食都消耗完”。
［篇章分析］①句为文章主旨句，核心内容是“保持消费和生产之间的差距”。②句承接①句，具体阐述如何保持这个差距：储存大量的粮食。
［空格设置］ instead of是连接性介词，体现上下文语义上的逻辑关系。instead of表选择关系，意为“代替，作为„„的替换，而不是„”，在两种做法中肯定前者，否定后者。如：I will stay at home instead of going out.我将待在家里，不出门。其他连接性介词还包括because of（因为），despite（尽管），besides（除了）等。
