托业考试阅读理解真题及模拟题汇总大全（第三辑）附原文翻译、参考答案及解析

托业（阅读）练习试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 完成句子 2. 短文填空完成句子1．The total number of the unemployed in that region has remained_______ the same for the past five years.A．aboutB．nearC．closeD．similar正确答案：A解析：最好记住remain about the same(几乎保持不变)这个词组。

remain是“S+V+P”形式的动词，the same是表语，它们之间的about是副词。

表示“几乎，大概”的意思。

其余的选项主要是作为形容词使用。

2．The entire morale among the employees in Factory B _______ until now ever since the introduction of our new flexible working hour system.A．were boostedB．had been boostedC．boostingD．has been boosted正确答案：D解析：空格内应填入谓语动词(这里需要单数形式的动词)。

因为后面没有宾语，所以要考虑被动语态。

最后，注意到和ever since的搭配，应选择现在完成时。

另外，until now(直到现在)也是使用现在完成时的根据。

3．Students also, either through course work or outside activities, tend to be involved in the vigorous and_______ life of the city.A．openB．variedC．fascinatedD．regular正确答案：B解析：通过课内学习和课外活动，学生们参与到城市中充满活力的、“多彩的”生活中去。

托业考试真题及答案整理相信大家都在找托业考试的真题吧，下面小编给你们整理了，现在分享给大家。

托业考试真题及答案1Part VDirection : In this part of the test has incomplete sentences. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D) are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark on your answer sheet.101. For several years now, we have seen a marked in attendance and exhibitions at the PCB design conferences.(A) increase (B) increased (C) increasing (D) TO increase102. Make sure that transportation to and from the river is arranged to your .(A) satisfactory (B) satisfaction (C) satisfy (D) to satisfy103. The imposing that will soon be Rand Corporation‘s R&D center was renovated by the highly admired designer Haewook Lee. (A) structural (B) structure (C) structurally (D) in structural104. Employees may receive 50% tuition reimbursement for job-related courses taken with a s upervisor‘s .(A) approves (B) approval (C) approve (D) to approve105. Mr. Hui, a freelance writer here at ESS Newspapers, has impeccable for the position of senior editor.(A) qualified (B) qualifications (C) qualify (D) be qualified106. Because of an illness is much cheaper than treatment, the local health clinic will be offering free flu vaccinations this weekend.(A) prevention (B) prevent (C) to prevent B) prevented107. Legal experts have presented that the DNA samples and fingerprints match.(A) evident (B) evidence (C) evidently (D) to evident108. Mach Corp. has a system that allows clients to manage to employees‘ files.(A) access (B) accessible (C) to accessible (D) accessibly109. The average listener will not be able to notice any between audio CD and MP3 files.(A) differences (B) different (C) differently (D) of different110. Without your , we cannot guarantee your room after 6 p.m.A) confirm B) confirming C) confirmation D) confirmative111. of countries belonging to GATT approved the agreement yesterday in Geneva.A) Represents B) Representations C) Representatives D) Representing112. Officials of the Sydney head of office will hold a conference to talk about goals for the next ten years.A) them B) their C) theirs D) they113. As a customer service representative, Mrs. Lee tried to solve complaints from customers before asking for ______ supervisor‘s advice.(A) she B) her C) hers D) herself114 Mr. Alfred and I extend thanks to those that have helped this project in the past.(A) us (B) ours (C) our (D) ourselves115. Pioneer Corp. is considering--------- the release of the new equipment scheduled for later this month.(A)postponing (B) postpone (C) to postpone (D)postponement116. The company‘s business plan includes ---------- revenue from magazine and event promotions designed to help recruiters find qualified applicants.(A) draw (B) drawing (C) to draw (D) drawer117. This guideline is intended to -------- information about our databases and to provide a clear definition of how these database get updated and who has responsibilities(A) clarification (B) classified (C) cleared (D) clarify118. As of July 7, basic monthly telephone service will increase by $1.50 due to the new federal telecommunication tax, -------- state-to-state long-distance rates will decrease an average of 10 percent.(A) otherwise (B) therefore (C) however (D) in addition to119. He makes $20 an hour, has more work than he can handle.(A) and (B) than (C) so (D) but120. Their products are known not only for their low price, __________ for their high quality.(A) but (B) but also (C) and also (D) as well as121. Our order of high-speed computers is scheduled to arrive __________ today or tomorrow.(A) or (B) on (C) both (D) either122. _________ Jane and Mary like different things, they are great friends.(A) Since (B) Despite (C) For (D) Although123. This rural town has __________ small population that the mail carrier knows where everyone lives.(A) too (B) a so (C) very (D) such a124._______ the president is going to say in his speech tonightwill affect all of us.(A) What (B) That (C) So (D) While125. It matters little who finds the truth ------ the truth is found.(A) because (B) so that (C) so long as (D) as126. The order must be delivered by Tuesday; ----- we will have to look for another supplier.(A) unless(B) excepting (C) maybe (D) otherwise127. Unemployment is -------- low that companies may soon be unable to find workers without increasing wages.(A) such (B) very (C) so (D) despite128. The design EXPO had ----- high attendance last year that it will be moved to a larger location this year.(A) so (B) such (C) much (D) too129. ------- the rain is expected, everything is ready for the grand opening of the gallery(A) Except that (B) According to (C) Since (D) Aside from130. The store will be set for business by the end of the month-------- the contractors are able to complete the remodeling by this weekend.(A) these (B) if (C) them (D) so131. Neither the sales------ the profit is expected to increase in the next quarter.(A) any (B) or (C) nor (D) but132. The _______ carefully you write, the fewer mistakes you will make.(A) much (B) most (C) more (D) many133. There are far more game shows on TV _________ _ t h e r e u s e d t o b e . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 1 " > ( A ) t h a n ( B ) as ( C ) t h a t ( D ) o r / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 2 " > 1 3 4 . Y o u w i l l n e e d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m o r e m o n e y t o b u y s u c h a g o r g e o u s d r e s s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 3 " > ( A ) m u c h ( B ) a l o t o f ( C ) v e r y ( D ) a g r e a t m a n y / p > p s t y l e = " te x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = "1 4 4 " > 1 3 5 T h e c l a y m u s t b e p a c k e d i n t o t h e m o l d a s - - - - - - - a s p o s s i b l e t o p r e v e n t a i r p o c k e t s f r o m f o r m i n g . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t :2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 5 " > ( A ) t i g h t e r ( B ) t i g h t e n ( C ) t i g h t l y ( D ) t i g h t n e s s / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 6 " > 13 6 I n t h e s u r v e y o f 2 . 0 0 0 y o u t h s a g e d t w e l v e t o s e v e n t e e n t h , t w i c e a s m a n y s a i d t h e y c o u l d t a l k m o r e e a s i l y t o t h e i r m o t h e r s t h a n t o t h e i r f a t h e r s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 14 7 " > ( A ) e a s i e s t ( B ) m o r e e a s i l y ( C ) e a s i l y ( D ) m o s t e a s i l y / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 8 " > 1 3 7 . $ 2 0 0 . 0 0 w i l l b e p r e s e n t e d t o t h e g r a d u a t e w h o h a s a t t a i n e d t h e - - - - - - g r a d e p o i n t a v e r a g e i n t h e e n t i r e d e p a r t m e n t / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 4 9 " > ( A ) h i g h ( B ) h i g h e r ( C ) h i g h e s t ( D ) h i g h l y / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 15 0 " > 1 38 . M r . S t o n e h a s t h e - - - - - - a t t e n d a n c e r e c o r da t t h e r e t r a i n i n g p r o g r a m s h e l d a t t h e h e a d q u a r t e r s / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - al i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 1 " > ( A ) p o o r ( B ) p o o r e r ( C ) p o o r e s t ( D ) p o o r l y / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n de n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 2 " > 1 39 . T h e d i r e c t o r t h i n k t h a t t h e q u a l i f i c a t i o n o f t h e n e w d e s i g n e r a r e a s - - - - - - a s t h e o t h e r s o n t h e t e a m . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > ( A ) c r e d i b i l i t y ( B ) c r e d i b l e ( C ) c r e d i b l y ( D ) m o r e c r e d i a b l e / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > 1 4 0 . B e n s D e l i v e r y i s t h e _ _ _ _ _ m e s s e n g e r s e r v i c e i n t o w n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > ( A ) f a s t e r ( B ) f a s t e s t ( C ) m o s t f a s t e s t ( D ) m o r e f a s t / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > 1 4 1 . T h e p o s i t i o n u s e d t o b e o b t a i n e d _ _ _ _ _ i n t h e p a s t t h a n i t i s n o w / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > ( A ) h a r d e r ( B ) h a r d ( C ) t h e h a r d e r ( D ) t h e h a r d e s t / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " > 1 4 2 . T h a t w a s o n e o f t h e _ _ _ _ _ b u s i n e s s c o n f e r e n c e s t h e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e h a d e v e r a t t e n d e d . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > ( A ) b a d ( B ) w o r s t ( C ) w o r s e ( D ) m o r e b a d / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t :2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > 1 43 . Th e n e w e m p l o y e e w i l l b e l i k e l y t o b e _ _ _ _ _ h i s p r e d e c e s s o r . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > ( A ) p o p u l a r ( B ) a s p o p u l a r a s ( C ) a s p o p u l a r ( D ) p o p u l a r t ha n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; "b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > 1 4 4 . W h e n m y v i s i t o r - - - - - - - - , w i l l y o u p l e a s ec a l l m e ? / p > p s t y l e = " te x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = "1 6 3 " > ( A ) w i l l a r r i v e ( B ) a r r i v e s ( C ) a r r i v e d ( D )i s a r r i v i n g / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 4 " > 1 4 5 . D e n n y - - - - - - - - h i s f i r s t j o b w i t h u s f i v e y e a r s a g o . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 5 " > ( A ) w i l l a r r i v e ( B ) a r r i v e s ( C ) a r r i v e d ( D ) i s a r r i v i n g / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 6 " > 1 4 6 .I - - - - - - a l l m e m b e r s b y t o m o r r o w n i g h t . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 7 " > ( A ) c o n t a c t e d ( B ) c o n t a c t s ( C ) h a s c o n t a c t e d ( D ) w i l l h a v e c o n t a c t e d / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 8 " > 1 4 7 . I n v e s t o r s - - - - - - - - - f a s c i n a t ed b y t he s t o c k m a r k e tf o r a l o ng t i m e . / p > p s t y le = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 9 " > ( A ) i s b e i ng ( B )h a s b e e n ( C ) a r e b ei n g ( D ) h a v e b e e n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 0 " > 1 4 8 . M r . F r a n k l i n - - - - - - - a s t h e m o s t l i k e l y s u c c e s s o r t o t h e p o s i t i o n o f C E O s i n c e h e w a s e l e c t e d v i c e p r e s i d e n t l a s t O c t o b e r . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 1 " > ( A ) s a w ( B ) w a s s e e n ( C ) h a s b e e n s e e n ( D ) h a s s e e n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 2 " > 1 4 9 . T h e u n i o n l e a d e r w e re i nf o r m e d t h a t t h e w o r k e r s o n t h e s t r i k e - - - - - - . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l ig n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 3 " > ( A ) f i r e d ( B ) i s f i r e d ( C )h a d fi r e d ( D ) h a d b e e n f i r e d / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 4 " > 1 5 0 . I f y o u g e t y o u r b a n k t o g e n e r a t e a m o n e y o r d e r , i t u s u a l l y _ _ _ _ _ _ c o n v e r s i o n f e e s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 5 " > ( A ) c h a r g e ( B ) c h a r g e s ( C ) c h a r gi n g ( D ) i s c h a r g i n g / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t :2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 6 " > 1 5 1 . S i n c e t h i s m o r n i n g , c i t y w o r k e r s t r a f f i c s i g n s i n t h e r o a d s u s i n g s p e c i a l p a i n t t o a v o i d r e p a i n t i n g e v e r y y e a r . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 7 " > ( A ) w e r e p a i n t i n g ( B ) h a d p a i n t e d ( C ) h a v e b e e n p a i n t ed ( D ) h a ve p a i n t e d / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t :2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 7 8 " > 1 5 2 . I n t e r n a t i o n a l s t o c k m a r k e t s , i n c l u d i n g t h o s e i n B r i t a i n , G e r m a n y , H o n g K o n g a n d J a p a n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; "b d s f i d = " 1 7 9 " > y e s t e r d a y i n r e s p o n s e t o t h e p a r t i a l r ec o v e r y o f U S m a r k e t s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i nde n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 0 " > ( A ) r i s e ( B ) r i s e s ( C ) r o s e ( D ) r i s e n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l ig n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 1 " > 1 5 3 . H e u s s i n c e H e n r y w e n t t o A m e r i c a . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 2 " > ( A ) v i s i t s ( B ) v i s i t e d ( C ) w i l l v i s i t ( D )h a s vi s i t e d / p > p s t y l e = " t e xt - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 3 " > 1 5 4 . L a s t q u a r t e r t h e r a t e o f i n f l a t i o n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ b y 1 0 p e r c e n t . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 4 " > ( A ) r o s e ( B ) r a i s e d ( C ) h a s r i s e n ( D ) w a s r i s e n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 5 " > 1 5 5 . W e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t o e s t a b l i s h a f r i e n d l y r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h t h a t c o u n t r y f o r t w o y e a r s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 6 " > ( A ) t r y ( B ) a r e t r y i n g ( C ) h a v e t r i e d ( D ) w i l l t r i e d / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 7 " > 1 5 6 . I n s p e c t i o n w i l l b e _ _ _ _ _ S a t u r d a y a t7 A . M . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a li g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 8 " > ( A ) a t ( B ) t o ( C ) f o r ( D ) o n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 9 " > 1 5 7 . W e r e g r e t t h a t t h e s a v i n g s w i l l b e c o n s u m e d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n o o n t o m o r r o w . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 0 " > ( A ) w i t h ( B ) b y ( C ) i n ) ( D ) f r o m / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 1 " > 1 5 8 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t e r m s o f q u a l i t y a n d s e r v i c e , o u r c o m p a n y s u r p a s s e s t h e c o m p e t i t i o n . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 2 " > ( A ) I n ( B ) F r o m ( C ) B y ( D ) W i t h / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 3 " >1 5 9 . T h e s a l e s m e e t i n g w i l l b e h e l d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ B u sa n i n M a y . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; "b d s f i d = " 1 9 4 " > ( A ) t o ( B ) a t ( C ) in ( D ) o n / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 5 " > 1 6 0 . T h e s u p p l i e s c a n n o t b e o r d e r e d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n e x t M o n d a y . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; "b d s f i d = " 1 9 6 " > ( A ) w i t h i n ( B ) u n t i l ( C ) a t ( D ) t o P a r t V I / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 7 " > D i r ec t i o n : I t h i s p a r t o f t h e t e s t / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i nde n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 8 " > 1 6 1 . T h e o f f i c i a l s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r ( A ) r u n n i ng thi s o f f i c e ( B ) r e p r e s e n t e d t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s i n ( C ) t h e S u p r e m e C o u r t a n d p r o v i d e d l e g a l ( D ) a d v i c e s t o t h e P r e s i d e n t . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 9 9 " > 1 6 2 . B e n s u r v i v e d t h e ( A ) f i r s t r o u n d o f ( B ) l a y o f f s ( C ) d e s p i t e h a v i n g b e e n e m p l o y e d f o r ( D ) l e s s e r t h a n a y e a r . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 0 " > 1 6 3 . ( A ) F r o m t h e ( B ) p a s t t h r e e y e a r s , B o b S m i t h ( C ) h a s b e e n t h e ( D ) h e a d o f t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l d e p a r t m e n t . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 1 " > 1 6 4 . ( A ) E a c h o f t h e m a n a g e r s ( B ) r e c e i v e a ( C ) c o p y o f t h e ( D ) c o m p a n y s p o l i c i e s a n d p r o c e d u r e s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i nd e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 2 " >1 6 5 . I f y o u ( A ) w o u l d h a v e s t u d i e d t h e p r o b l e m m o r e ( B ) c a r e f u l l y , y o u w o u l d ( C ) h a v e f o u n d t h e s o l u t i o n ( D ) m o r e q u i c k l y . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t :2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 03 " > 1 6 6 . ( A ) A l t h o u g h a n e w c o m p u t e r , M o d el C X - 2 , ( B ) s e e m e d l i k e a g o o d i n v e s t m e n t ( C ) f o r t h e i r c o m p a n y , t h e y d e c i d e d n o t t o b u y ( D ) t h e m . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 4 " > 1 6 7 . T o p r o t e c t h e r s e l f ( A ) a g a i n s t r o b b e r y , E l l e n h a d ( B ) a c o m p a n y ( C ) i n s t a l l e d a n e w b u r g l a r y ( D ) a l a r m . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 5 " > 1 6 8 . I w o n d e r ( A ) h o w s h e m a n a g e ( B ) t o g e t a l o n g ( C ) o n ( D ) s o c h e a p a s a l a r y . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 6 " > 1 6 9 . ( A ) W i t h t h e a d v e n t o f s a t e l l i t e t r a n s m i s s i o n o f p h o t o g r a p h s o f t h e ( B ) e a r t h s a t m o s p h e r e , f o r e c a s t i n g t h e w e a t h e r h a s b e c o m e a ( C ) r e l a t i v e e x a c t ( D ) s c i e n c e . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 7 " > 1 7 0 . T h e r e ( A ) w e r e i n t e n s e c o m p e t i t i o n ( B ) b e t w e e n t h e ( C ) r i v a l c o m p a n i e s ( D ) t o g e t t h e c o n t r a c t . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 8 " > 1 7 1 . T h e r e i s ( A ) s o m e d i s a g r e e m e n t b e t w e e n ( B ) m y p a r e n t s a n d I a b o u t w h i c h j o b I s h o u l d ( C ) t a k e . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 0 9 " > 1 7 2 . T h e i n d e x o f ( A ) l e a d i n g e c o n o m i c i n d i c a t o r s , w h i c h ( B ) a r e i n t e n d e d t o f o r e c a s t e c o n o m i c a c t i v i t y a b o u t s i x m o n t h s ( C ) i n t o t h e f u t u r e , d r o p p e d ( D ) 5 p e r c e n t l a s t m o n t h . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 0 " > 1 7 3 . I n h i s r o l e a s ( A ) f a c i l i t a t o r o f a l l o p e r a t i o n s , h e i n v a r i a b l y ( B ) c o o r d i n a t i n g t h e r u n n in g ( C ) o f t h e b u i l d i n g s ( D ) v a r i o u s s y s t e m s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 1 " > 1 7 4 . ( A ) I n s p i t e o f t h e f a c t t h a t h e w a s l a t e f o r t h e m e e t i n g , t h e b o s s ( B ) h a v i n g ( C ) n o t h i n g b u t p r a i s e ( D ) f o r h i s l a s t f e w m o n t h s p e r f o r m a n c e . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n de n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 2 " > 1 75 . H e s t u d i e d e c o n o m i c s w h e n ( A ) t h e i r s t u d y w a s n o t c o m m o n , a n d h e ( B ) l a t e r ( C ) w e n t o n t od i s t i n g u i s h h i m se lf ( D ) i n t h e f i e l d . / p > p s t y le = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 3 " > 1 7 6 . N e i t h e r S a m A t k i n s ( A ) n o r H e n r y M i l l e r , s a l e s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s f o r t h e c o m p a n y , p r e s e n t e d ( B ) t h e i r s u m m a r i e s o f s a l e s ( C ) b e f o r e t h e d e a d l i n e ( D ) f o r d o i ng s o . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 4 " > 1 7 7 . N e i th e r o f t h e t w o c a n di d a t e s ( A ) w h o h a d ( B ) a p p l i e d f o r a d m i s s i o n ( C ) t o t h e I n d u s t r i a l E n g i n e e r i n g D e p a r t m e n t ( D ) w e r e e l i g i b l e f o r s c h o l a r s h i p s . / p > p s t y l e = " te x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = "2 1 5 " > 1 7 8 . O n e ( A ) o u t o f ( B ) e v e r y e i g h t b a l l o o n s ( C ) i n t h e w o r l d ( D ) a r e l a u n c h e d i n A l b u q ue r q u e , N e w M e x i c o / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t :2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 6 " > 1 7 9 . ( A ) T h e r e a r e a r a n g e o f ( B ) e f f e c t s p u s h i n g a n d p u l l i n g t h e c l i m a t e ( C ) i n o p p o s i t e ( D ) d i r e c t i o n s ; n o o n e f u l l y u n d e r s t a n d s t h e s e i n t e r a c t i o n s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 7 " > 1 8 0 . ( A ) W h e t h e r o rn o t S a m s u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f s o c i a l c o n f l i c t s ( B ) a r e i n a n y w a y s c i e n t i f i c ( C ) r e m a i n s ( D ) a v e x i n g q u e s t i o n . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 8 " > 1 8 1 . ( A ) I n O c t o b e r , t h e v i c e p r e s i d e n t ( B ) w i l l h a v e ( C ) b e e n a t t h i s c o m p a n y ( D ) s i n c e t e n y e a r s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 1 9 " > 1 8 2 . W e ( A ) n e e d p u r c h a s e a n e w s e t o f ( B ) e q u i p m e n t ( C ) t o s p e e d u p t h e ( D ) d e v e l o p i n g a n d p r i n t i n g p r o c e s s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 2 0 " > 1 8 3 . ( A ) T h e l o c a l b a n k , ( B ) a l o n g w i t h o t h e r ( C ) f i n a n c i a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , ( D ) a r e l o w e r i n g p r o c e s s i n g f e e s i m p o s e d i n c a s h i n g a c h e c k . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 2 1 " > 1 8 4 . T h e a m u s e m e n t p a r k ( A ) i s e x p e c t e d t o b e v e r y ( B ) s u c c e s s f u l ( C ) b e c a u s e o f m a n y s p e c i a l f a c i l i t i e s ( D ) s u c h r e s t a u r a n t s a n d m o v i e t h e a t e r s . / p > p s t y l e = " te x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = "2 2 2 " > 1 8 5 . I f y o u ( A ) f i l l i n a n ( B ) a p p l y i n g f o r a m o r t g a g e l o a n a n d m a i l ( C ) i t t o u s , w e w i l l n o t i f y y o u o f t h e r e s u l t ( D ) a s s o o n a s p o s s i b l e . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; "b d s f i d = " 2 2 3 " > 1 8 6 . ( A ) B y l o w e r i n g ( B ) l e v e l s t o x ic w a s t ed i s p o s a l , t he c h e m i c a l i n d u s t r i e s ( C ) a r e r e s p o n d i n g t o p e o p l e s i n c r e a s i n g ( D ) c o n c e r n s w i t h e n v i r o n m e n t . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l ef t ; " b d s f i d = " 2 2 4 " > 1 8 7 . ( A ) A c c o r d i ng t o th e ( B ) p r e s s r e l e a s。

托业Toeic考试真题阅读部分08.12（修正版）Part 3101. The new policy on overtime compensation ______ addresses the complaints of the union.(A) effect (B) effective (C) effectively (D) effectiveness102. It is difficult for management both to satisfy ______ to discipline such a large staff.(A) if (B) and (C) such (D) but103. Mr. Smith ______ his weekly groceries every Friday, so tell him what you need.(A) order (B) orders (C) to order (D) ordered104. President Jacobson is expected to be in town ______ the meeting of industry leaders.(A) for (B) under (C) across (D) down105. The bookshelf is too big for Andrew and Jessie to carry by ______.(A) their (B) them (C) themselves (D) their own106. You will need your order tracking number to confirm the ______ of your gift on the website.(A) deliver (B) delivery (C) deliverer (D) delivered107. Janet Evans is expected to replace Mr. Bowers ______ CEO of Fabrics US following his retirement.(A) as (B) like (C) about (D) but108. For the renovation of the main stairway, please enter through either the elevator ______ the back stairwell.(A) or (B) with (C) into (D) not109. Most people shop for their home building supplies at Jay's Lumber Yard because they offer satisfaction guarantees on ______ orders.(A) any of (B) each (C) all (D) every110. ______ the Chinese buffet restaurant is in the center of the financial district, it is always busy with businessmen at lunch.(A) Therefore (B) But (C) Despite (D) Since111. Because the banquet budget was _____ calculated, the planning committee had to choose a less expensive catering service.(A) inaccuracy (B) inaccurate (C) inaccurately (D) inaccuracies112. After we have received authorization from the head office, we will send ______ the employment contract to sign. (A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself113. Rental prices of our condos are ______ to property availability and can change at the owner's discretion.(A) subject (B) public (C) plain (D) general114. Mrs. Dowry is ______ to receive the award of public relations officer of the year.(A) pleasure (B) pleased (C) pleasing (D) please115. Recent surveys of college undergraduates indicate ___ most students plan to major in business, economics, or engineering.(A) which (B) that (C) what(D) those116. In an unprecedented ____ of kindness, the local library donated hundreds of children's books to orphanages across the city.(A) act (B) progress (C) chance (D) number117. A newly implemented management system is responsible for ______ sales at the retail store.(A) increase (B) increases (C) increased (D) increasingly118. Check the batteries of your fire alarms ______ to keep up with safety regulations.(A) avoidably (B) regularly (C) lately (D) highly119. Any requests for vacation time must have the ______ of the general manager.(A) approve (B) approved (C) approval (D) approvingly120. For those who wish to join the summer internship, the ___ for turning in applications is April 16 at 10 a.m.(A) calendar (B) intention (C) admission (D) deadline121. ______ Brigg Electric has its headquarters in Los Angeles, it has branches throughout the continental US.(A) Although (B) Until now (C) Or else (D) Thus122. Our professional reception staff ______ happy to assist you with any problems you may have while staying at our hotel.(A) is being (B) are being (C) would be (D) have been123. Because of an urgent personal matter, Dr. Grey's talk will be ______ until next month's gathering.(A) belated (B) directed (C) presented (D) postponed124. The community college has a total of twenty academic departments ______ its institution.(A) between (B) because (C) within (D) as for125. Human resources offers orientation seminars to ______ hired staff.(A) approximately (B) recently (C) exactly (D) comparatively126. The model of the bicycle you want is available for order ______ gray, silver, and gold.(A) in (B) at (C) to (D) of127. The town's tourist information desks are ______ by their large, bright signs.(A) identify (B) identifies (C) identity (D) identifiable128. The hospital has high ______ for the incoming surgeon, Dave Willis, who specializes in cardiac diseases.(A) expecting (B) expected (C) expectation (D) expectedly129. It is vital that employees maintain physical health for their personal benefit ______ the company's success.(A) even though (B) in order to (C) whether (D) as well as130. Political analyst Rober Shaw has been commended for the refreshing ______ in his essays on capitalism.(A) clear (B) clearly (C) clarity (D) clarifies131. Celebrations for the store's tenth ______ will include major discounts on products, free samples of food stuff, and face painting for kids.(A) date (B) anniversary (C) origin (D) inception132. The doctor ______ discovered the vaccine for the common cold is taking time off from his research for personal reasons.(A) he (B) who (C) some (D) also133. Of all the candidates for head of accounting, Mr. Lee is by far the most ______ and experienced.(A) conditional (B) requisite (C) secured (D) qualified134. Flower deliveries are made within 24 hours ______ orders are called in by 2 p.m.(A) when (B) even (C) over (D) while135. The law firm's website has been ______ to increase usability for clients needing to track their cases.(A) progressed (B) relied (C) designed (D) notified136. ______ Cheryl leaves for Japan, she should be briefed on basic business culture etiquette.(A) Prior (B) Near (C) Before (D) Past137. During the winter owners must ensure that cars don't remain ______ for more than three days at a time.(A) void (B) idle (C) spare (D) null138. Marshall Appliances has chosen to make a contract with a new marketing company ______ continuing its relationship with Friendly PR.(A) out of (B) except for (C) as to (D) instead of139. Broadband Plus sent out an e-mail apology to its clients for the ______ in its wireless Internet service.(A) disruption (B) limitation (C) outbreak (D) controversy140. ______ a number of new computer programmers will be joining the team, the director will increase the number of projects for the next year.(A) If so (B) Rather than (C) Owing to (D) Given thatPart 4Questions 141 to 143 refer to the following notice.This is to inform you that the seminar for all department heads ______ place on Wednesday, July 15.141. (A) took(B) will take(C) will have taken(D) takingAll middle and lower management staff are ______ to attend unless they have previous commitments.142. (A) reported(B) favored(C) required(D) includedThe seminar will include topics ______ business and leadership skills, performance management143. (A) as long as(B) likewise(C) nevertheless(D) such asplanning, and the employee evaluation and feedback process. Please come to Siena room on the fifteenth floor of the Jameson Building. Don’t forget to bring the seminar materials to the session.Please contact Mr. Blake Mariano if you have any questions.Questions 144 to 146 refer to the following letter.I am writing in reply to your article on a French tour agency in Montpellier, France. In your article, the South France Adventures Agency was given an unfavorable review. You mentioned that its tours were conducted by inexperienced tour guides. ______, my experience with the tour agency was very good.144. (A) Consequently(B) However(C) Then(D) In additionThe guide had extensive knowledge about the history of South France, giving complete explanations and __145. (A) answer(B) answers(C) to answer(D) answering questions with specifics. I would definitely ______ taking a South France Adventures tour to anyone who wishes146. (A) mention(B) discourage(C) recommend(D) considerto visit the south of France.Questions 147 to 149 refer to the following letter.Thank you for purchasing the full kitchen remodeling package. Your ______ of our company is highly147. (A) patronage(B) supervision(C) predicament(D) cooperationappreciated. We hope you are delighted with the new kitchen facilities and are fully satisfied with the services and designs provided by Home Design, Inc.We have enclosed a customer survey form. Your comments will help us ______ your future needs.148. (A) wish(B) meet(C) please(D) thinkTo encourage you to take part in our survey, we will enter you in a special draw for a free set of home fixtures we recently launched. All you need to do is send in the completed form by November 30 in order to be eligible for the drawing. Winners ______ on December 3.149. (A) should notify(B) was notified(C) will be notified(D) notifiesThank you once again.Questions 150 to 152 refer to the following article.答案见下⽅截图：。

写作考试样题含答案及解析第一部分口语T1Some college students take classes during the summer. Others take the summer off from school, so that they can rest or work at a job. Which do you think is better for students? Explain why.T2Reading：Allow Students to Park in Faculty Parking LotI would like to propose that students who live off campus and drive to school be allowed to park in the employee parking lot behind Messner Hall, which is currently reserved for university faculty. Finding a parking spot near the Classroom buildings is difficult—we often have to drive around looking for a place to park, which makes us late to class. The faculty lot isn’t fully used—I see a lot of empty spaces there in the morning—and so I don’t think it would be inconvenient for the university to also allow students who drive to school to park there.SincerelyGreg MurphyQuestion：The woman expresses her opinion about the proposal described in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal then state her opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.T3Frustration ToleranceWhen young children are not able to accomplish their goals, they may become frustrated and act inappropriately. However, as children mature, they can learn to manage or tolerate frustration. The development of frustration tolerance allows children to continue to work toward completing tasks, even when their initial attempts are unsuccessful. Parents can help their children develop frustration tolerance by deliberately restricting their own responses to their children’s demands for help. By gradually reducing their response time, parents can teach children to manage their frustration while they keep trying to accomplish their goals, despite any difficulties or setbacks that they may encounter.Question：Using the example from the lecture, explain how parents can help their children develop frustration tolerance.T4Question：Using the examples from the lecture, explain two types of animal social groups第二部分听力Section 11. Why does the student peak with the professor?A. To ask for assistance coming up with an idea for her assignmentB. To go over an article the professor had assignedC. To discuss an architectural concept she would like to work withD. To review her work on a project she recently submitted.2. What point do the speakers make when they discuss the materials used in the iceberg design?A. The materials are designed to help cool the buildingB. The materials are more costly than building materials typically used in urban structuresC. The thickness of materials requires that they be cut with special equipmentD. The amount of materials used reduced the impact on the environment3. Why does the professor mention retail space?A. To explain the cause of city developer’s tax problemB. To introduce the focus of the class’s next model projectC. To point out how quickly modern retail structures are builtD. To provide background on why the iceberg design was created4. What does the professor say about air beams?Click on 2 answersA. They provide support to the icebergB. They are made partly from steelC. They permit an iceberg to assume a variety of shapesD. They take a long time to manufactureListen again to part of the conversation. Then answer the question 5. What can be inferred about the student?A. She was not fully aware of the trip’s dateB. She does not intend to go on the tripC. She had already been to the Frank LIoyd Wright houseD. She would prefer to lead the tour, not be a group member.6. What is the lecture mainly about?A. The life of a famous Italian Renaissance artistB. The history of fresco painting in ItalyC. The creation of a particular work of Renaissance artD. The construction of a typical church of the Italian Renaissance7. According to the professor, what is one advantage of using the fresco technique?A. A fresco can last a long timeB. The materials for making a fresco are inexpensiveC. The fresco technique is easy to learnD. A fresco can be completed quickly8. According to the professor, why is a fresco painted before the plaster dries?A. So that mistakes can be corrected easilyB. So that the paint will sink into the plasterC. So that the colors of the paints can be blended betterD. So that human forms will appear more lifelike9. Why does the professor mention the artist who painted with a paintbrush in each hand?A. To describe how the Sistine Chapel’s ceiling was paintedB. To illustrate the ingenious creativity of Renaissance artistsC. To explain how Michelangelo learned to paintD. To emphasize the need for fresco painters to work quickly10. Why did Michelangelo choose to build footbridges rather than traditional scaffolding when he painted the chapel?A. To accommodate the curved shape of the chapel’s ceilingB. To keep the floor clear for ceremonies in the chapelC. To reach both the walls and the ceiling of the chapelD. To paint while lying on his back for long periods of time11. What does the professor imply when he says thisA. He has suggestions about how students can deal with difficult situationsB. Many people would have been uncomfortable paint ing the chapel’s ceilingC. There was one problem that Michelangelo was unable to overcomeD. Michelangelo’s reputation as a great artist may be somewhat exaggerated Section 21. Why does the woman go to see the man?A. To provide feedback on her previous housing experienceB. To find out how she can participate in a different housing programC. To reapply for housing at the Eco House next semesterD. To get information about a student assistant position2. What is t he woman’s attitude about the Eco House?A. She had hoped it would be more committed to sustainable practicesB. She believes that its program is exactly what she will needC. She thinks its program is too narrow for her academic goalsD. She regrets that residents are only permitted to live there for one year3. What are two advantages that living at the Mary Blake HouseClick on 2 answersA. It would allow her to actively engage with guest scholarsB. It would allow her to create a house theme with other studentsC. She would join a classmate who currently lives at the Mary Blake HouseD. She would have an opportunity to qualify for staff discounts4. Why does the woman mention a journalist?A. To provide background on one of the faculty living at the Mary Blake HouseB. To provide an example of a recent dinner guest at the Mary Blake HouseC. To suggest a way to create publicity for the Mary Blake House programD. To point a Blake House program guest that she would be interested in5. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Fill out a questionnaire about the Mary Blake House programB. Participate in a review of program houses that is being conductedC. Interview to become a student assistant at the Eco HouseD. Provide feedback about the application process on the Web site6. What does the professor mainly discuss?A. The main achievements of the Voyager spacecraft missionB. Differences between Uranus and other gas giant planetsC. Reasons for the increasing interest of scientists in the planet UranusD. Characteristics of Uranus learned using a variety of methods7. Why does the professor mention the color of Uranus?A. To give an example of a feature that Uranus shares with JupiterB. To give an example of a discovery made by the Voyage spacecraft missionC. To explain how a component of Uranus’ atmosphere was identifiedD. To explain how sunlight affects temperatures on Uranus8. According to the professor, how did astronomers deduce the composition of the planet Uranus?Click on 2 answersA. By calculating Uranus’ densityB. By measuring Uranus’ force of gravityC. By examining the strength of Uranus’ magnetic fieldD. By comparing Uranus with Jupiter9. What features of Uranus do some astronomers think were caused by the planet’s collision with another object? Click on 2 answersA. The composition of its coreB. The angle of its axis of rotationC. Its rapid rotationD. Its low internal temperature10. Why does the professor mention Uranus’ magnetic field?A. To point out a surprising similarity between Uranus and EarthB. To emphasize the limitations of remote observations in astronomyC. To point out a recent discovery about Uranus that contradicts earlier findingsD. To explain one effect of Uranus’ distance from the SunListen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question11. Why does the professor say thisA. To suggest that the student’s question reflects a common mis conceptionB. To remain the student that they will discuss rocky planets in the next class.C. To help the student realize the answer to his own questionD. To encourage the student to clarify what he means12. What is the purpose of the lectureA. To suggest that cryptic patterns in the animal kingdom can be reduced to only a few basic formsB. To explain how cephalopods change cryptic patterns based on their visual perceptionC. To contrast underwater and dryland crypsis strategiesD. To trace the evolution of crypsis in animal as a defense against predators13. What can be inferred about an animal that only uses stipple crypsis?A. It will have a difficult time hiding from predatorsB. It is likely to be of a medium body sizeC. It will tend to avoid areas with multiple colors and patternsD. It will most likely be found close to a seashore14. What happens to some cephalopods when they swim over a gravel patch onthe seafloor?A. They change their skin color to match the color of the darkest pieces of gravelB. They display irregularly shaped dark and light patchesC. They display a disruptive coloration to match the local environmentD. They quickly swim away from the gravel patch15. What features of disruptive crypsis does the professor mention?Click on 2 answersA. It disguises the outline of the animal that uses itB. It works by contrasting with the colors in the surrounding habitatC. It is most effective when used against a single-colored backgroundD. It can incorporate a combination of other crypsis patterns16. Why does the professor mention the tiger?A. To illustrate that results of the cephalopod research can be extended to many other animalsB. To give an example of an animal whose crypsis strategy has been extensively studiedC. To point out how different its crypsis strategy is from the strategy used by smaller animalsD. To argue that predators rely on crypsis less than prey species doListen to part of the lecture. Then answer the question17. What does the professor imply when she says this:A. Crypsis in cephalopods can rarely fool human visual perceptionB. Few animals use crypsis to hide from predatorsC. New information has led to the reevaluation of some previous assumptionsD. More cephalopod research needs to be done to obtain accurate data答案：Section1C D D AC BC A BD B BSection 2B C （AD） D BD C （AD）（BD） B CB C B （AD） A C第三部分写作Argentavis magnificens, the largest bird to have ever inhabited Earth, lived six million years agoin the southern part of South America that roughly corresponds to modern-day Argentina. The bird, which is known only through fossil remains, weighed up to 68 kilograms. There is some debate about whether this bird was able to fly or whether it had lost its ability to fly at some point during its evolution.First, there is the problem of lifting off into the air. Based on its skeleton, the bird's total wingspan was nearly seven meters. Wings this long would have hit the ground if the bird had tried to lift off from a standing position. Modern flying birds have wing-to-body proportions that allow them to take off without hitting the ground with their wings. Second, even if the bird had managed to lift off, it does not appear to have had enough muscle strength to make continuous flight possible. As large as it was, the Argentavis does not appear to have had sufficient muscles to keep its huge wings moving. It is highly improbable that its muscles could move its wings fast enough to keep it in the air for extended periods.Third, according to the theory of evolution, animals only have abilities that give them an advantage in their struggle to survive. Flying would not have given this giant bird any advantage.It did not need to fly in order to escape predators, because of its size it had no predators. It could not use flying to hunt because it would have been such a clumsy and inefficient flier that it could not possibly have captured enough food. The bird, therefore, probably lost the ability to fly during its evolution.独立Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: There is never a good reason to be impolite (rude) to other people.第四部分阅读Artisans in Sixteenth-Century EuropeFor centuries European artisans had operated in small, autonomous handcraft businesses, but by the sixteenth century an evolving economic system—moving toward modern capitalism, with its free-market pricing, new organization of production, investments, and so on—had started to erode their stable and relatively prosperous position. What forces contributed to the decline of the artisan?In a few industries, there appeared technological innovations that costmore to install and operate than artisans—even associations of artisans—could afford. For example, in iron production, such specialized equipment as blast furnaces, tilt hammers, wiredrawing machines, and stamping, rolling, and slitting mills became more familiar components of the industry. Thus, the need for fixed capital (equipment and buildings used in production) soared. Besides these items, expensive in their own right, facilities for water, storage, and deliveries were needed. In addition, pig (raw) iron turned out by blast furnaces could not be forged until refined further in a new intermediate stage. In late sixteenth-century Antwerp, where a skilled worker earned 125 to 250 guilders a year, a large blast furnace alone cost 3,000 guilders, and other industrial equipment was equally or more expensive.Raw materials, not equipment, constituted artisans’ major expense in most traders, however. ■Whereas in 1583 an Antwerp silk weaver paid 12 guilders for a loom (and made small payments over many years to pay off the debt for purchasing the loom), every six weeks he or she had to lay out 24 guilders for the 2 pounds of raw silk required to make a piece of cloth. ■Thus access to cheap and plentiful primary materials was a constant preoccupation for independent producers. ■Using local materials might allow even the poorest among them to avoid reliance on merchant suppliers. ■The loss of nearby sources could therefore be devastating. As silk cultivation waned around the Spanish cities of Cordoba and Toledo, weavers in these cities were forced to becomeemployees of merchants who put out raw silk from Valencia and Murcia provinces. In the Dutch Republic, merchants who imported unprocessed salt from France, Portugal, and Spain gained control of the salt-refining industry once exploitation of local salt marshes was halted for fear that dikes (which held back the sea from the low-lying Dutch land) would be undermined.Credit was necessary for production but created additional vulnerabilities for artisans. Prices for industrial products lagged behind those of raw materials and foodstuffs, and this, coupled with rising taxes, made it difficult for many producers to repay their creditors. Periodic downturns, when food prices shot up and demand for manufactures fell off, drove them further into debt or even into bankruptcy, from which they might emerge only by agreeing to sell their products exclusively to merchants or fellow artisans who extended them loans. Frequent enough during periods of growth, such credit crises became deeper and lasted longer after about 1570, as did war-related disruptions of raw-material supplies and markets.Artisans’ autonomy was imperiled, too, by restrictions on their access to markets. During the sixteenth century, a situation like this often resulted from the concentration of export trade in a few great storage and distribution centers. The disappearance of regional markets where weavers in Flanders (what is now northern Belgium) had previously bought flax and sold linen left them at the mercy of big-city middlemen, who quickly turned them into domesticworkers. In a similar fashion, formerly independent producers in southern Wiltshire in England, who had bought yarn from spinners or local brokers and sold their cloth to merchants in nearby Salisbury, became subject to London merchants who monopolized both wool supplies and woolens exports.With good reason, finally, urban artisans feared the growth of industries in the countryside. For one thing, they worried that the spread of village crafts would reduce their supply of raw materials, driving up prices. City producers also knew that rural locations enjoyed lower living costs, wages, and taxes, and often employed fewer or simplified processes. These advantages became a major preoccupation as competition intensified in the 1570s and 1580s.1. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.□In the sixteenth century, the European economy moved toward a system of free-market pricing, new ways of production, and investments.□ Before the sixteenth century, European makers of handcrafts enjoyed stability, autonomy, and relative prosperity.□ By the sixteenth century, the rise of capitalism began to weaken the autonomy and relative prosperity of European artisans.□European artisans operated small, autonomous businesses before modern capitalism emerged in the sixteenth century.2. According to paragraph 2, how did technological advances contribute to the economic decline of artisans?□ Artisans had no place to store or use the new machines.□Goods produced by the new technology were cheaper than those produced by artisans.□ The fixed costs of remaining in business became very high.□ Artisans did not know how to use the new machines.3. The word “preoccupation” in the passage is closest in meaning to□ necessity□ concern□ struggle□ uncertainty4. In paragraph 3, why does the author provide the information about an Antwerp silk weaver’s costs in 1583?□ To describe some typical costs in the silk-weaving industry□To support the statement that artisans’ main expense was materials, not equipment□ To argue against the view that artisans did not have to borrow money to buy equipment□ To show that materials were cheap and plentiful for most artisans5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following was sometimes an effect on artisans of the loss of local sources of their primary materials?□ They had to sell their products to merchants.□ They needed to take loans in order to buy the materials from merchants.□They could no longer afford to be independent producers. □ They imported the materials from distant sources.6. According to paragraph 4, all of the following caused economic difficulties for artisans EXCEPT□ decreasing availability of credit□ decreased demand for manufactured goods□ increased taxes□ problems caused by wars7. Paragraph 5 supports which of the following statements about artisans during the sixteenth century?□ They had difficulty transporting their goods to the best markets.□ They were at a disadvantage because the concentration of supplies and exports was in the hands of big-city merchants.□ They received higher wages as employees of big-city merchants.□ They were able to obtain raw materials from local merchants.8. All of the following are identified in paragraph 6 as concerns that urban artisans had about the growth of industry in the countryside EXCEPT□ a decrease in the supply of raw materials□ a cheaper cost of living in the countryside□ a more manageable level of competition□ less complex production processes in the countryside9. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.This was possible because when transportation costs were low, the price of rawmaterials was generally also low.Where would the sentence best fit? Cl ick on a square [■] to add the sentence to the passage.10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View Text.Answer choice1. Artisans’ ability to earn profits was restricted by their dependence on creditors, to whom they were forced to sell their goods, and by competition from rural areas.2. As industries came under the control of merchants, artisans lostaccess to cheap raw materials, and they had to borrow money to buy the materials they needed from merchant suppliers.3. In the new industrial system from which skilled artisans were progressively excluded, the quality of manufactured items gradually declined.4. Advances in technology in some industries increased the cost of the equipment, buildings, and facilities that artisans needed for producing and selling their goods.5. Iron production in the sixteenth century depended on new inventions such as blast furnaces, tilt hammers, wire-drawing machines, and stamping, rolling, and silting mills.6. The rising prices of food and other necessities often left artisans without enough money to pay their taxes and other business expenses.Earth’s AtmosphereEarth’s atmosphere has changed through time. Compared to the Sun, whose composition is representative of the raw materials from which Earth and other planets in our solar system formed, Earth contains less of some volatile elements, such as nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, and helium. These elements were lost when the envelope of gases, or primary atmosphere, that surrounded early Earth, was stripped away by the solar wind or by meteorite impacts, or both. Little by little, the planet generated a new, secondary atmosphere by volcanicoutgassing of volatile materials from its interior.Volcanic outgassing continues to be the main process by which volatile materials are released from Earth—although it is now going on at a much slower rate. The main chemical constituent of volcanic gases (as much as 97 percent of volume) is water vapor, with varying amounts of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other gases. In fact, the total volume of volcanic gases released over the past 4 billion years or so is believed to account for the present composition of the atmosphere with one important exception: oxygen. Earth had virtually no oxygen in its atmosphere more than 4 billion years ago, but the atmosphere is now approximately 21 percent oxygen.Traces of oxygen were probably generated in the early atmosphere by the breakdown of water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen by ultraviolet light (a process called photo dissociation). Although this is an important process, it cannot begin to account for the present high levels of oxygen in the atmosphere. Almost all of the free oxygen now in the atmosphere originated through photosynthesis, the process whereby plants use light energy to induce carbon dioxide to react with water, producing carbohydrates and oxygen.Oxygen is a very reactive chemical, so at first most of the free oxygen produced by photosynthesis was combined with iron in ocean water to form iron oxide-bearing minerals. The evidence of the gradual transition from oxygen-poor to oxygen-rich water is preserved in seafloor sediments. The minerals inseafloor sedimentary rocks that are more than about 2.5 billion years old contain reduced (oxygen-poor) iron compounds. In rocks that are less than 1.8 billion years old, oxidized (oxygen-rich) compounds predominate. The sediments that were precipitated during the transition contain alternating bands of red (oxidized iron) and black (reduced iron) minerals. These rocks are called banded-iron formations. Because ocean water is in constant contact with the atmosphere, and the two systems function together in a state of dynamic equilibrium, the transition from an oxygen-poor to an oxygen-rich atmosphere also must have occurred during this period.Along with the buildup of molecular oxygen (O2) came an eventual increase in ozone (O3) levels in the atmosphere. ■Because ozone filters out harmful ultraviolet radiation, this made it possible for life to flourish in shallow water and finally on land. ■This critical state in the evolution of the atmosphere was replaced between 1100 and 542 million years ago. ■Interestingly, the fossil record shows an explosion of life forms 542 million years ago.■Oxygen has continued to play a key role in the evolution and form of life. Over the last200 million years, the concentration of oxygen has risen from 10 percent to as much as 25 percent of the atmosphere, before setting (probably not permanently) at its current value of 21 percent. This increase has benefitedmammals, which are voracious oxygen consumers. Not only do we require oxygen to fuel our high-energy, warm-blooded metabolism, our unique reproductive system demands even more. An expectant mother’s used (venous) blood must still have enough oxygen in it to diffuse through the placenta into her unborn child’s bloodstream. It would be very difficult for any mammal species to survive in an atmosphere of only 10 percent oxygen.Geologists cannot yet be certain why the atmospheric oxygen levels increased, but they have a hypothesis. First, photosynthesis is only one part of the oxygen cycle. The cycle is completed by decomposition, in which organic carbon combines with oxygen and forms carbon dioxide. But if organic matter is buried as sediment before it fully decomposes, its carbon is no longer available to react with the free oxygen. Thus there will be a net accumulation of carbon in sediments and of oxygen in the atmosphere.1. In paragraph 1, why does the author state that Earth has less nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, and helium than the Sun?▢ To argue that these elements were once part of an early atmosphere, which disappeared▢To suggest that these elements were drawn into the Sun’s atmosphere▢To provide evidence that Earth’s original atmosphere came primarily from meteorites▢To support the claim that Earth’s atmosphere would have changed even moreif it had contained more volatile elements2. According to paragraph 2, the history of volcanic outgassing cannot explain which of the following?▢ The lack of oxygen in the atmosphere 4 billion years ago▢ The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere today▢ The proportions of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today ▢ The present abundance of oxygen in the atmosphere3. Paragraph 3 suggests which of the following about the process of Photo dissociation?▢ It is more common today than it was in the early history of the atmosphere.▢ It is responsible for only a small amount of the oxygen in the atmosphere today.▢It removes trace amounts of oxygen from the atmosphere. ▢It produces more free oxygen than photosynthesis does.4. The word “gradual” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢ critical▢ original▢ beneficial▢ slow5. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning。

Part 3101. The new policy on overtime compensation ______ addresses the complaints of the union.(A) effect (B) effective (C) effectively (D) effectiveness102. It is difficult for management both to satisfy ______ to discipline such a large staff.(A) if (B) and (C) such (D) but103. Mr. Smith ______ his weekly groceries every Friday, so tell him what you need.(A) order (B) orders (C) to order (D) ordered104. President Jacobson is expected to be in town ______ the meeting of industry leaders.(A) for (B) under (C) across (D) down105. The bookshelf is too big for Andrew and Jessie to carry by ______.(A) their (B) them (C) themselves (D) their own106. You will need your order tracking number to confirm the ______ of your gift on the website.(A) deliver (B) delivery (C) deliverer (D) delivered107. Janet Evans is expected to replace Mr. Bowers ______ CEO of Fabrics US following his retirement.(A) as (B) like (C) about (D) but108. For the renovation of the main stairway, please enter through either the elevator ______ the back stairwell.(A) or (B) with (C) into (D) not109. Most people shop for their home building supplies at Jay's Lumber Yard because they offer satisfaction guarantees on ______ orders.(A) any of (B) each (C) all (D) every110. ______ the Chinese buffet restaurant is in the center of the financial district, it is always busy with businessmen at lunch.(A) Therefore (B) But (C) Despite (D) Since111. Because the banquet budget was _____ calculated, the planning committee had to choose a less expensive catering service.(A) inaccuracy (B) inaccurate (C) inaccurately (D) inaccuracies112. After we have received authorization from the head office, we will send ______ the employment contract to sign.(A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself113. Rental prices of our condos are ______ to property availability and can change at the owner's discretion.(A) subject (B) public (C) plain (D) general114. Mrs. Dowry is ______ to receive the award of public relations officer of the year.(A) pleasure (B) pleased (C) pleasing (D) please115. Recent surveys of college undergraduates indicate ___ most students plan to major in business, economics, or engineering.(A) which (B) that (C) what(D) those116. In an unprecedented ____ of kindness, the local library donated hundreds of children's books to orphanages across the city.(A) act (B) progress (C) chance (D) number117. A newly implemented management system is responsible for ______ sales at the retail store.(A) increase (B) increases (C) increased (D) increasingly118. Check the batteries of your fire alarms ______ to keep up with safety regulations.(A) avoidably (B) regularly (C) lately (D) highly119. Any requests for vacation time must have the ______ of the general manager.(A) approve (B) approved (C) approval (D) approvingly120. For those who wish to join the summer internship, the ___ for turning in applications is April 16 at 10 a.m.(A) calendar (B) intention (C) admission (D) deadline121. ______ Brigg Electric has its headquarters in Los Angeles, it has branches throughout the continental US.(A) Although (B) Until now (C) Or else (D) Thus122. Our professional reception staff ______ happy to assist you with any problems you may have while staying at our hotel.(A) is being (B) are being (C) would be (D) have been123. Because of an urgent personal matter, Dr. Grey's talk will be ______ until next month's gathering.(A) belated (B) directed (C) presented (D) postponed124. The community college has a total of twenty academic departments ______ its institution.(A) between (B) because (C) within (D) as for125. Human resources offers orientation seminars to ______ hired staff.(A) approximately (B) recently (C) exactly (D) comparatively126. The model of the bicycle you want is available for order ______ gray, silver, and gold.(A) in (B) at (C) to (D) of127. The town's tourist information desks are ______ by their large, bright signs.(A) identify (B) identifies (C) identity (D) identifiable128. The hospital has high ______ for the incoming surgeon, Dave Willis, who specializes in cardiac diseases.(A) expecting (B) expected (C) expectation (D) expectedly129. It is vital that employees maintain physical health for their personal benefit ______ the company's success.(A) even though (B) in order to (C) whether (D) as well as130. Political analyst Rober Shaw has been commended for the refreshing ______ in his essays on capitalism.(A) clear (B) clearly (C) clarity (D) clarifies131. Celebrations for the store's tenth ______ will include major discounts on products, free samples of food stuff, and face painting for kids.(A) date (B) anniversary (C) origin (D) inception132. The doctor ______ discovered the vaccine for the common cold is taking time off from his research for personal reasons.(A) he (B) who (C) some (D) also133. Of all the candidates for head of accounting, Mr. Lee is by far the most ______ and experienced.(A) conditional (B) requisite (C) secured (D) qualified134. Flower deliveries are made within 24 hours ______ orders are called in by 2 p.m.(A) when (B) even (C) over (D) while135. The law firm's website has been ______ to increase usability for clients needing to track their cases.(A) progressed (B) relied (C) designed (D) notified136. ______ Cheryl leaves for Japan, she should be briefed on basic business culture etiquette.(A) Prior (B) Near (C) Before (D) Past137. During the winter owners must ensure that cars don't remain ______ for more than three days at a time.(A) void (B) idle (C) spare (D) null138. Marshall Appliances has chosen to make a contract with a new marketing company ______ continuing its relationship with Friendly PR.(A) out of (B) except for (C) as to (D) instead of139. Broadband Plus sent out an e-mail apology to its clients for the ______ in its wireless Internet service.(A) disruption (B) limitation (C) outbreak (D) controversy140. ______ a number of new computer programmers will be joining the team, the director will increase the number of projects for the next year.(A) If so (B) Rather than (C) Owing to (D) Given thatPart 4Questions 141 to 143 refer to the following notice.This is to inform you that the seminar for all department heads ______ place on Wednesday, July 15.141. (A) took(B) will take(C) will have taken(D) takingAll middle and lower management staff are ______ to attend unless they have previous commitments.142. (A) reported(B) favored(C) required(D) includedThe seminar will include topics ______ business and leadership skills, performance management143. (A) as long as(B) likewise(C) nevertheless(D) such asplanning, and the employee evaluation and feedback process. Please come to Siena room on the fifteenth floor of the Jameson Building. Don’t forget to bring the seminar materials to the session.Please contact Mr. Blake Mariano if you have any questions.Questions 144 to 146 refer to the following letter.I am writing in reply to your article on a French tour agency in Montpellier, France. In your article, the South France Adventures Agency was given an unfavorable review. You mentioned that its tours were conducted by inexperienced tour guides. ______, my experience with the tour agency was very good.144. (A) Consequently(B) However(C) Then(D) In additionThe guide had extensive knowledge about the history of South France, giving complete explanations and __145. (A) answer(B) answers(C) to answer(D) answering questions with specifics. I would definitely ______ taking a South France Adventures tour to anyone who wishes146. (A) mention(B) discourage(C) recommend(D) considerto visit the south of France.Questions 147 to 149 refer to the following letter.Thank you for purchasing the full kitchen remodeling package. Your ______ of our company is highly147. (A) patronage(B) supervision(C) predicament(D) cooperationappreciated. We hope you are delighted with the new kitchen facilities and are fully satisfied with the services and designs provided by Home Design, Inc.We have enclosed a customer survey form. Your comments will help us ______ your future needs.148. (A) wish(B) meet(C) please(D) thinkTo encourage you to take part in our survey, we will enter you in a special draw for a free set of home fixtures we recently launched. All you need to do is send in the completed form by November 30 in order to be eligible for the drawing. Winners ______ on December 3.149. (A) should notify(B) was notified(C) will be notified(D) notifiesThank you once again.Questions 150 to 152 refer to the following article.答案见下方截图：。

托业考试试题及答案(正文开始)Part 1: Listening Comprehension (听力理解)Section 1: Photographs (照片描述)Questions 1-3Look at the pictures and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes each picture.Question 1:A. The man is painting a picture.B. The man is playing a guitar.C. The man is reading a book.D. The man is cooking in the kitchen.Answer: AQuestion 2:A. The woman is shopping for clothes.B. The woman is waiting for a bus.C. The woman is jogging in the park.D. The woman is sitting on a bench.Answer: BQuestion 3:A. The children are playing on the beach.B. The children are eating ice cream.C. The children are riding bicycles.D. The children are flying kites.Answer: DSection 2: Question-Response (问答题) Questions 4-6Listen to the questions and choose the best response. Question 4:A. He is a doctor.B. Yes, I can swim.C. It's a blue car.D. No, they are his parents.Answer: AQuestion 5:A. I'm sorry, I don't know.B. Because it's raining.C. Yes, it's a nice day.D. Tomorrow at 2:00 p.m.Answer: CQuestion 6:A. It's about 10 kilometers.B. I'm driving a black sedan.C. Yes, it's very interesting.D. No, I prefer action movies.Answer: APart 2: Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)Section 1: Incomplete Sentences (不完整句子填空)Questions 7-10Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Question 7:The company has decided to ____________ a new branch in Shanghai.A. openB. openingC. openedD. opensAnswer: AQuestion 8:The hotel provides a _________ of services for its guests, including a fitness center and a swimming pool.A. varietyB. variedC. variousD. varyAnswer: AQuestion 9:__________ in the middle of the presentation, the speaker realized he had forgotten his notes.A. WhileB. WhenC. DuringD. BeforeAnswer: AQuestion 10:She is ___________ to start her new job next week.A. expectB. expectedC. expectingD. expectsAnswer: BSection 2: Text Completion (完形填空)Questions 11-15Choose the word or phrase that best completes the passage.Question 11:I have always enjoyed traveling, ___________ I have visited many countries around the world.A. sinceB. whereC. untilD. afterAnswer: BQuestion 12:The new employee was ___________ for being late on his first day of work.A. punishedB. responsibleC. promotedD. rewardedAnswer: AQuestion 13:The company's profits have ___________ significantly in the past year.A. increasedB. decreasedC. remainedD. vanishedAnswer: AQuestion 14:I couldn't believe my __________ when I won the lottery.A. eyesB. earsC. mouthD. noseAnswer: AQuestion 15:Please __________ your mobile phones off during the movie.A. turnB. switchC. changeD. shiftAnswer: APart 3: Speaking (口语)Section 1: Read a text aloud (朗读短文)Read the text aloud with clear pronunciation and appropriate intonation.Section 2: Respond to questions (回答问题)Answer the questions based on your own experiences and opinions.Section 3: Express an opinion (陈述观点)Express your opinion on a given topic.(正文结束)以上是一份约1000字的托业考试试题及答案。

托业（听力）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 照片描述 2. 应答问题 3. 简短对话 4. 简短文章照片描述听力原文：(A) She’s running in a race.(B) She’s running late for work.(C) She’s running her own business.(D) She’s running for office.1．A．B．C．D．正确答案：A解析：图画显示了一名女子参加跑步比赛的场景，由此我们可以推断正确答案为(A)。

纵观选项我们会发现句子的主语和动词部分(She’s running)都一样，所以应注意主语和动词以后的部分。

解决问题的关键在于把握动词run的多种意义，(B)中run late是“迟到”的意思，(C)中run是“运营，经营”的意思，(D)中run for是“参加，出马”的意思。

听力原文：(A) The woman is taking a nap.(B) The woman is looking at photographs.(C) The woman is taking a picture.(D) The woman is buying a camera.2．A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：图画显示了一名女子正在拍照的场景，由此我们可以推断正确答案为(C)。

(A)中因为出现了nap(打盹，小睡)，所以可以排除。

(B)中如果只看photographs 而忽略looking at的话，很容易掉入陷阱；如果把句子改成The woman is taking photographs就可以当成正确答案了。

(D)中因为出现了camera这个词，也很容易让人落入陷阱，因为女子手中拿着照相机，如果改成The woman is holding a camera就可以作为正确答案了。

听力原文：(A) She’s filling up the cup.(B) She’s putting the cup down on the table.(C) She’s washing the cup in the sink.(D) She’s drinking from a mug.3．A．B．C．D．正确答案：D解析：图画显示了一名女子手拿马克杯正在喝饮料的场景，因此正确描述女子动作的选项D是正确答案。

托业阅读（词汇与语法）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 完成句子完成句子1．Ms. Morrison has made significant contributions to Systech Company throughout______15 year career.A．sheB．herC．hersD．herself正确答案：B解析：语法：物主代词1．本题考查形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别。

2．形容词性物主代词后应接名词，而名词性物主代词后不可接名词。

3．空格内应填入形容词性物主代词her，修饰名词。

因此(B)为正确选项。

知识模块：词汇与语法2．Blackwell Publishing, the online bookstore, yesterday said that it would ______the number of its employees by 10 percent.A．increasingB．to increaseC．increaseD．be increased正确答案：C解析：单词形态：时态构成1．本题考察宾语从句时态与主句时态搭配。

2．主句使用一般过去时，宾语从句应使用过去将来时。

3过去将来时时态形式为would+v原型。

因此(C)为正确选项。

知识模块：词汇与语法3．It will be necessary______all assembly line workers to have a basic understanding of statistics in quality control.A．toB．onC．forD．from正确答案：C解析：语汇：介词1．本题考查介词的选择。

2．不定式(to have)的形式主语(all assemblyline workers)前需要加介词for，因此(C)为正确选项。

知识模块：词汇与语法4．Heracles cranes are capable of lifting the______loads among its competitors.A．heavyB．heavilyC．heavierD．heaviest正确答案：D解析：语法：最高级1．本题考查单词的形态。

2021年托业考试阅读部分测试题含答案解析The Role of DiapauseIf conditions within an organism’s environment occasionally or regularly become harsh,it may be advantageous for an organism to have a resistant stage built into the lifecycle. In such a life history strategy, the organism suspends any growth, reproduction,or other activities for a period of time so that they may occur at a later, more hospitable time. This genetically determined resting stage, characterized by the cessation of development and protein synthesis and suppression of the metabolic rate, is called diapause. Many other kinds of resting stages, with different levels of suppression of physiological activities, are known. Some of these resistant stages can be extremely long-lived. In one case, seeds of the arctic lupine, a member of the pea family recovered from ancient lemming burrows in the Arctic, germinated in three days even though they were carbon-dated at more than 10,000 years old!Unfavorable conditions that are relatively predictable probably pose a simpler problem for organisms than do unpredictable conditions. Adaptations to the regular change of seasons in the temperate and polar regions may be relatively simple. For example, many seeds require a period of stratification, exposure to low temperatures for some minimum period, before they will germinate. ■This is a simple adaptation to ensure that germination occurs following t he winter conditions rather than immediately prior to their onset. ■In contrast, unfavorable conditions that occur unpredictably pose considerable problems for organisms. ■In fact, unpredictability is probably a greater problem than is the severity of the unfavorable period. ■How can organisms cope with the unpredictable onset of good or poor conditions?Many adaptations to this general problem are based on a resting stage that awaits favorable conditions. We will consider two examples from the vertebrates. The first isthe red kangaroo. This marsupial inhabits the deserts of central Australia where theonset of rains and the resulting sudden growth of vegetation are extremely unpredictable. Obviously, it is advantageous for a kangaroo female to produce youngat a time when plant productivity is sufficient to support her offspring. For such arelatively large mammal, however, gestation (the period of development duringpregnancy) is so long that if a female waited to mate and carry the young until afterthe r ains came, the favorable period might be past. The kangaroo’s life history adaptation to this problem involves the use of embryonic diapause during gestation (development in the uterus).After a 31-day gestation period, the female gives birth to a tiny helpless young typicalof marsupials. The newborn crawls into the mother’s pouch and attaches to a teatwhere it continues to grow and develop. After 235 days it leaves the pouch but remains with the mother and obtains milk from her. Two days after giving birth, the female mates again. The fertilized egg enters a 204-day period of embryonic diapause during which it remains in the uterus but does not attach. It then implants, and 31 days later, birth of the second young occurs. Note that the first young leaves the pouch at just this time. Again, the female mates, fertilization occurs, and another diapause follows. The eventual resultis that at any one time, the female has three young at various stages of development: one in diapause, one in the pouch, and one outside the pouch. Among other benefits, this allows her to freeze the development of an embryo during times of drought and food shortage until the offspring in the pouch is able to leave.A similar strategy—accelerated development combined with a resting stage—has also allowed amphibians to inhabit deserts. The spadefoot toads, such as Couch’s spadefoot toad, inhabit some of the most severe deserts in North America. Adults of this species burrow deeply into the substrate where it is cooler and perhaps more moist. Here they enter into a resting state in which they are covered with a protective layer of dead skin. When it rains, the adults emerge and congregate to mate at temporary ponds. Development is greatly accelerated: the eggs hatch within 48 hours, and the tadpoles change into toads at 16-18 days. Consequently, they can complete the life cycle during the brief window of favorable conditions, then return to the resistant resting stage to await the next rainfall. Resting stages thus comprise a series of adaptations that allowthe species to avoid the most difficult conditions for life.1. According to paragraph 1, why do some organisms have a resting stage duringtheir life cycle?▢To recover from injuries suffered during harsh conditions▢To devote all of their energy to a period of growth and reproduction▢To wait for local conditions to become favorable for important life events▢To prepare to move to a different environment if conditions become harsh2. Why does the author mention “seeds of the arctic lupine”?▢To argue that members of the pea family are extremely resistant to cold temperature▢To provide information about what ancient lemmings ate during their long resting periods▢To provide an example of an organism with a resting stage that has many different levels of suppression of physiological activities▢To support that some resting stages last an extremely long time.3. According to paragraph 2, why do many seeds require a period of stratification?▢To slowly build up a tolerance for lower and lower temperatures▢To guarantee that the seeds grow after and not before unfavorable weather▢To make sure that the seeds can deal with unpredictable conditions▢To give the seeds enough time to germinate before winter.4. Paragraph 4 supports all of the following statements about the red kangaroo of central Australia EXCEPT:▢A female kangaroo mates again shortly after her newborn enters her pouch.▢During diapause, a young kangaroo stays in the female’s pouch and growth of a second fertilized egg inside the uterus is delayed.▢To put different young kangaroos at various stages of development is advantageous for the female kangaroo to handle them at the same time.▢The pause of the development of an embryo has more benefits for preparing it to avoid the harsh times than for competing with its siblings.5. What is the main purpose of paragraph 4 in the passage?▢To give the details of an adaptation mentioned in paragraph 3▢To describe an adaptation different from the one explained in paragraph 3▢To introduce an adaptation that is described in detail in paragraph 5▢To discuss an adaptation that is set as successful as the one mentioned before.6. The word “comprise” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢consist of▢bring about▢are similar to▢take the place of7. According to paragraph 5, how do amphibians such as spadefoot toads survive the severe heat conditions in the North American deserts?▢They dig down into the ground and go into a resistant resting state.▢They remain in the ponds that develop after it has rained.▢They lose their outer layer of skin.▢Their eggs live dormant until the desert air becomes cooler and more moist. 8. According to paragraph 5, which of the following occurs during the life cycle of the spadefoot toad?▢The female’s eggs hatch under the surface of the desert.▢The adults mate during the dry period.▢The newborn grows into an adult before unfavorable conditions return.▢The newborn enters a resting stage before it becomes an adult.9. Look at the four squares [■ ] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.Such adaptations to predictable conditions can also be made by animals,such as by hibernating during the coldest months.Where would the sentence best fi t? Click on a square [■ ] to add the sentenceto the passage.10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answerchoices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review thepassage, click on View Text.Some organisms adapt to periodic harsh conditions by building a resistantstage, or diapause, into their life cycle.●● ●Answer choices1. The diapause stage evolved very early and is most common in species that first appeared more than 10,000 years ago2. Unpredictable conditions are more problematic for organisms than are predictable changes such as the seasons.3. Some seeds may germinate in three days even if they have been exposed to verylow temperatures for a long time.4. Some marsupials can care for three newborns in their pouch at the same time, allowing the young to leave the pouch only when conditions are favorable for their growth.5. The female red kangaroo adapts to unfavorable conditions by delaying the development of the embryo in the uterus.6. Some amphibians adapt to arid environments by completing accelerated development with resting stages deep underground.The Plow and the Horse in Medieval EuropeOne of the most important factors driving Europe’s slo w emergence from the economic stagnation of the Early Middle Ages (circa 500-1000 B.C.E.) was the improvement of agricultural technology. One innovation was a new plow, with a curved attachment (moldboard) to turn over wet, heavy soils, and a knife (or coulter) in front of the blade to allow a deeper and easier cut. ■This more complex plow replaced the simpler “scratch”plow that merely made a shallow, straight furrow in the ground. ■In the lands around the Mediterranean, with light rains and mild winters, this had been find, but in the wetter terrain north and west of the Danube and the Alps, such a plow left much to be desired, and it is to be wondered if it was used at all. ■Cleared lands would more likely have been worked by hand tilling, with little direct help from animals, and the vast forests natural to Northern Europe remained either untouched, or perhaps cleared in smallsections by fire, and the land probably used only so long as the ash-enriched soil yielded good crops and then abandoned for some others similarly cleared field. ■Sucha pattern of agriculture and settlement was no basis for sustained cultural or economic life.With the new heavy plow, however, fields could be cleared, sowed, and maintained with little more difficulty than in the long-settled lands of Southern Europe, while the richness of the new soils, the reliability of the rains, and the variety of crops now possible made for an extremely productive agriculture. The new tool, however, imposed new demands, technical, economic, and social. The heavy plow was a substantial piece of capital,unlike a simple hand hoe, and this had the same sorts of implications that capitalization always has—it favored the concentration of wealth and control. Moreover, making full use of it required more animal power, and this had a host of implications of its own. The full importance of this was even more apparent in the centuries after 1000, when oxen began to give way in certain parts of Western Europe to horses.The powerful, rugged farm horse was itself a product of improvement during the Middle Ages, and it was part of a complex set of technical changes and capabilities. The introduction of new forms of equipment for horses transformed this animal into the single most important assist to human labor and travel. Instead of the old harness used by the ancient Greeks and Romans, there appeared from Central Asia the rigid, padded horse collar. Now, when the horse pulled against a load, no longer did the load pull back against its neck and windpipe but rather rode on the sturdy shoulders. When this innovation was combined with the iron horseshoe, the greater speed and stamina of the horse displaced oxen wherever it could be afforded. The larger importance of this laynot only in more efficient farmwork, but in swifter and surer transportation between town and countryside. The farmer with horses could move products to market more frequently and at greater distances than with only oxen, and the urban development that was to transform the European economic and social landscape after the eleventh century was propelled in large part by these new horse-centered transport capabilities. Another indicator of how compelling and important was the new horse agriculture was its sheer cost. Unlike oxen and other cattle, horses cannot be supported exclusively onhay and pasturage, they require, particularly in northern climates where pasturing seasons are short, cropped food, such as oats and alfalfa. Unlike grass and hay, these are grown with much of the same effort and resources applied to human nourishment, and thus their acquisition represents a sacrifice, in a real sense, of human food. The importance of this in a world that usually lived at the margins of sufficient diet is hard to overstate. The increased resources that went into making the horse central to both the medieval economy and, in a separate but related development, medieval warfare, are the surest signs of the great utility the animal now assumed.1. The word “stagnation” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢instability▢lack of growth▢dependence on others▢decline2. According to paragraph 1, what was the main advantage of the new plow overthe scratch plow?▢The new plow created straighter rows.▢The new plow was easier for animals to pull.▢The new plow could dig deeper into the soil.▢The new plow was easier to make.3. The word “sustained” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢continued▢established▢ordinary▢active4. According to paragraph 1, the scratch plow was particularly unsuited to▢the lands around the Mediterranean▢places where the soil was often dry▢places where land was cleared and worked by hand▢places where the soil was particularly wet and heavy5. Paragraph 1 implies which of the following about agriculture before theintroduction of the new plow?▢Limited rainfall had prevented large-scale agricultural development.▢Most of Europe’s developed agricultural communities were located in the south.▢Several other important innovations immediately preceded the development of the new plow.▢Much of Europe’s forestland had been converted to agricultural use.6. What can be inferred from the information that the new plow “favored the concentration of wealth and control”?▢Wealthy farmers in the south had a significant economic advantage over farmers in the north.▢The production and sale of the new plow became an important source of capital. ▢The new plow was more popular in parts of Europe where oxen were used for farming than in parts where horses were used.▢Greater economic equality existed in northern Europe before the introduction of the new plow.7. According to paragraph 3, which of the following contributed to the dramatic rise in the agricultural use of horses in Europe?▢Apowerful new breed of farm horse was brought to Europe from Central Asia.▢Farmers began using rigid, padded collars that allowed horses to pull heavy loads more easily.▢For the first time, horses became cheaper than oxen.▢Farmers began studying the farming techniques used by the horse-drawn plows.8. The word “exclusively” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢cheaply▢easily▢reliably▢solely9. Look at the four squares [■ ] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.In fact, it sliced the ground so thoroughly that fields could be planted afteronly one plowing rather than the two needed before.Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square [■ ] to add the sentenceto the passage.10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answerchoices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answerchoices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question isworth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View Text.Agricultural innovations with important social and economic consequencesoccurred in eleventh-century Europe.●Answer Choices1. Light rains and unpredictable winters had made most of the soil in Europe unsuitable for enough agriculture to sustain economic development.2. Farmers switched from oxen to horses to pull their plows because inexpensive pasturage for oxen decreased significantly in the centuries after 1000 B.C.E.3. The introduction of iron horseshoes enabled farmers to transport goodsfarther than they could with the more expensive oxen.4. Improvements in the design of plows opened up vast areas of land in Northern Europe that had previously been unusable for sustained agriculture.5. With help from a new kind of harness from Asia, horses were able to pull the new heavy plow and to transport goods to market more quickly and frequently.6. The horse came to be valued so greatly that farmers devoted some of their land to growing crops for their horses rather than using this land to grow food for their families.The Origins of Plant and Animal DomesticationThe emergence of plant and animal domestication represented a monumental change in the ways that humans interacted with Earth’s resources: the rate at which Earth’ssurface was modified and the rates of human population growth. The development of agriculture was accompanied by fundamental changes in the organization on human society: disparities in wealth, hierarchies of power, and urbanization.Phrases like “plant and animal domestication” and “the invention of agriculture” cre ate the impression that humans made the transition to cultivating plants and tending animals rather abruptly, maybe with a flash of insight. Most scholars don’t think so. It seems more likely that humans used and manipulated wild plants and animals for many hundreds of thousands of years. The transition to gardens, fields, and pastures was probably gradual, the natural outgrowth of a long familiarity with the environmental requirements, growth cycles, and reproductive mechanisms of whatever plants and animals humans liked to eat, ride, or wear.For years, scholars argued that the practices of cultivation and animal domestication were invented in one or two locations on Earth and then diffused from those centers of innovation. ■ Genetic studies are now showin g that many different groups of people in many different places around the globe learned independently to create especially useful plants and animals through selective breeding. ■Probably both independent invention and diffusion played a role in agricultur al innovation. ■Sometimes the ideasof domestication and cultivation were relayed to new places. In other cases the farmers or herders themselves moved into new zones, taking agriculture or improvements such as new tools or new methods or new plants and an imals with them. ■Scholars used to assume that people turned to cultivating instead of gathering their food either because they had to in order to feed burgeoning populations, or because agriculture provided such obviously better nutrition. It now seems that neither of these explanations is valid. First of all, the risk at tached to exploring new food sources when there were already too many mouths to feed would be too great. Second, agriculture did not necessarily improve nutrition or supplies of food. A varied diet based on gathered (and occasionally hunted) food probably provided a wider, more secure range of nutrients than an early agriculturally based diet of only one or two cultivated crops. More likely, populations expanded after agricultural successes, and not before.Richard MacNeish, an archaeologist who studied plant domestication in Mexico andCentral America, suggested that the chance to trade was at the heart of agricultural origins worldwide. Many of the known locations of agricultural innovation lie near early trade centers. People in such places would have had at least two reasons to pursue cultivation and animal raising; they would have had access to new information, plants, and animals brought in by traders, and they would have had a need for something to trade with the people passing through. Perhaps, then, agriculture was at first just a profitable hobby for hunters and gatherers that eventually, because of market demand, grew into the primary source of sustenance. Trade in agricultural products may also have been a hobby that led to trouble.E. N. Anderson, writing about the beginnings of agriculture in China, suggests that agricultural production for trade may have been the impetus for several global situations now regarded as problems: rapid population growth, social inequalities, environmental degradation, and famine. Briefly explained, his theory suggests that groups turned to raising animals and plants in order to reap the profits of trading them. As more labor was needed to supply the trade, humans produced more children. As populations expanded, more resources were put into producing food for subsistence and for trade. Gradually, hunting and gathering technology was abandoned as populations, with their demands for space, destroyed natural habitats. Meanwhile, a minority elite emerged when the wealth provided by trade did not accrue equally to everyone. Yet another problem was that a drought or other natural disaster could wipe out an entire harvest, thus, as ever larger populations depended solely on agriculture, famine became more common.1. The word “monumental” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢innovative▢surprising▢complex▢enormous2. According to paragraph 2, phrases such as “plant and animal domestication”and “the invention of agriculture” encourage which of the following wrongideas?▢Early farmers were fairly advanced in their knowledge of plants and animals.▢Agriculture and animal domestication arose as a result of systematic study and experimentation.▢The change from hunting and gathering to farming and raising animals occurred quickly.▢Early efforts to raise plants and animals were generally successful.3. What do genetic studies suggest about the theory that “cultivation and animal domestication were invented in one or two locations on Earth and then diffusedfrom those centers of innovation”?▢The theory underestimates the speed at which cultivation and animal domestication were diffused.▢The theory underestimates the number of locations in which cultivation and animal domestication arose independently.▢The theory overemphasizes the importance of selective breeding in cultivation and animal domestication.▢The theory overemphasizes the importance of cultivation and animal domestication to some groups of people.4. According to paragraph 4, what advantages did the diet of hunter-gatherers probably have over an early agricultural diet?▢It required less effort for them to acquire food that was nutritious.▢It allowed their populations to expand across wider areas.▢It provided a greater variety of foods needed for them to stay healthy.▢It allowed them to have more children.5. According to paragraph 4, what was the most likely relationship betweenpopulation growth and food cultivation?▢Population growth encouraged the development of food cultivation.▢Population growth was dependent on the development of a varied diet of cultivated foods.▢Successful methods of food cultivation were developed before population growth occurred.▢Food cultivation was more successful in situations where population growth was limited.6. Which of the following most accurately reflects the statement discussed inparagraph 5, on efforts to cultivate plants and animals?▢The efforts often failed because hunter-gatherers had limited access to new information about plants and animals.▢The efforts were begun out of a desire to produce goods for trade rather than to increase their growers’ food supplies.▢The efforts were sometimes abandoned so hunter-gatherers could become involvedin the more profitable activity of trading.▢The efforts were not profitable until people began trading food that they had raised for other goods.7. Which of the following most accurately reflect the relationship betweenparagraph 6 and a topic discussed in paragraph 5?▢Paragraph 6 discusses a series of events that calls into question the theory thatplants and animals were raised for purposes of trade.▢Paragraph 6 presents evidence supporting the claim that many sites of agricultural innovation were located near trade centers.▢Paragraph 6 identifies problems that led to the raising of plants and animals as the primary source of sustenance.▢Paragraph 6 traces negative developments that arose possibly as a result of raising plants and animals for trade.8. The word “subsistence” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢profit▢surplus▢enjoyment▢survival9. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can beadded to the passage.Among the many places that are now known to be centers of independentdomestication are Mesopotamia, Central China, and Mesoamerica.Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square [■] to add the sentenceto the passage.10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answerchoices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answerchoices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question isworth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View Text.Agriculture invention and animal domestication caused lasting changes to how humans live and to the physical surface of Earth.●● ●Answer Choices1. The transition from hunting and gathering to raising plants and animals was gradual and led to significant changes in the organization of human societies.2. Scholars now believe that agriculture and animal domestication began independently in many separate locations and then spread to new areas.3. As trade in agricultural products grew and social inequalities arose, new crops were developed specifically to feed the labor needed to support societies.4. Although it is now clear that agriculture developed independently in many places, often the most efficient techniques arose by combing practices of different cultures.5. Agriculture became more widespread when human populations realized that an agricultural diet supplemented through trade could provide as much nutrition as the hunter-gatherer diet.6. The earliest reason for raising plants and animals may have been to provide goods for trade, and such trade may account for the rise in social problems such as environmental destruction答案：第一篇：CDBDA，BACB, 256第二篇：BCADB，DBDB, 456第三篇：DCBCC，BDDB, 126阅读2 答案及解析解析：第一篇：CDBDA，BACB, 2561.分类：推断题If conditions within an organism’s environment occasionally or regularly beco me harsh, it may be advantageous for an organism to have a resistant stage built into the life cycle.，故选择C 项。