英语翻译赏析
“翻译是将一种语言文化传承的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言,跨文化的交际活动.”教材中如是说, 诚如所说语言是文化的载体.通过作者(author), 原文（source text）,原文读者（source-test reader）,译者（translator）,译文（target test ），译文读者（target-test reader）的活动是文化得到传播。中国文化首当其冲，无疑是历史悠久文化底蕴深厚的国度。将中国文化按照严复提出影响最深，流传最广的翻译标准“faithfulness ,expressiveness and elegance”准确无误的传递给西方，使我们每一个语言文化学习者努力的方向。
以“人间天堂---杭州”说明文为例，谈谈我们在汉译英过程中，我们应该注意或学习之处。
eg:“良渚文化”遗址即可证明，在4000多年前，这里已有人类繁衍生息。我觉得这句话的翻译“The ancient Liangzhu Culture ruins were found in what is now Hangzhou. These archeological ruins date back to 2000 B.C. when our ancestors already lived and multiplied here.”中的宾语从句，these, when代词或连词的运用使句与句之间得到衔接，译文逻辑清楚，文气通贯。
Eg:五代时的吴越国和南宋均在此建都，历时237年。这句话有明显的历史厚重感，而翻译运用了加注法（annotation）Hangzhou also served as an imperial capital for
237 years ---first as the capital of the State of Wuyue (907--978)during the Five Dynasties Period , and again as the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty (1127--1279).向读者介绍了历史时代背景，使译文读者更好地了解中国文化。运用加注法的地方还有对马可波罗人物的介绍“Marco Polo , perhaps the most celebrated Italian traveler”。文中还对严子陵钓台进行了加注“the Terrace where Yan Ziling ,a hermit of the Easter Han Dynasty(25—220)
在这篇说明文中存在大量带有中国浓厚底蕴的四字成语给翻译带来了很大的难度。Eg:“境内西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光绮丽。湖上有彩带似的苏堤、白堤飘落其上。”译文中使用“Hangzhou's West Lake is like a mirror , embellished all round with green hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty. The Su Causeway which runs from north to south and the Bai Causeway which runs from east to west look like two colored ribbons floating on the water.”前面一句话运用杭州做主语，后面用伴随状语连接，最后将“风光绮丽”与前面合并（combination）.后面一句运用了两个并列定语从句，“like two colored ribbons floating on the water.”都是运用了比喻，使译文的写法与风格应与原文的写法和风格的性质相同。
Eg:“三谭印月、湖心亭、阮公墩三个小岛鼎立湖
中。”的译文是“he three islets named “Three Pools Mirroring the Moon ","Mid-lake Pavilion" and "Ruangong Mound" stand in the lake, adding much charm to the scene”其中“adding much charm to the scene”运用了增词法（amplification）与前面of enchanting beauty相呼应，使文章更连贯。使用增词法的还有“环湖耸立的山峰，千姿百态。”译文中是“Hills peaks tower around the lake and amaze the visitor with the ever-changing aspects of their beauty.”中的amaze the visitor 是译文所增加的内容。
Eg:“岳庙、西冷印社、曲院风荷、平湖秋月、花港观鱼、柳浪闻莺等风景点，均在湖之周围.”的译文是“famous beauty spots around West Lake include Yue Fei Temple, Xiling Seal-Engraving Society , Breeze-Ruffled Lotus at Quyuan Garden, Autumn Moon Over the Calm Lake, and several parks like "Viewing Fish at the Flower Pond"
an"Orioles Singing in the Willows ". ”运用了转换法（shift of perspective）应与主语过多避免头重脚轻。使用转换法的还有“山上多岩石，如玉乳洞、紫来洞、黄龙洞、紫云洞、石屋洞、水乐洞、烟霞洞等，洞内景色优美，且多古代石刻；山间多泉，以虎跑、龙井、玉泉为佳”译文是“Scattered in the adjacent hills are scenic caves and caverns ,such as Jade-Milk Cave , Purple Cloud Cave , Stone House Cave, Water Music Cave
