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高级技师英语试题答案Part I: Multiple Choice Questions (30 points)1. The term "mechanical system" refers to:A. A system that operates through electrical signals.B. A system that uses mechanical components to transmit power and motion.C. A system that relies on hydraulic pressure for functioning.D. A system that is controlled by computer programs.Answer: B2. Which of the following is NOT a common type of welding?A. Arc weldingB. Oxy-fuel weldingC. Laser weldingD. Thermal weldingAnswer: D3. The unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI) is:A. Pascal (Pa)B. Newton (N)C. Kilogram-force (kgf)D. Pounds per square inch (psi)Answer: A4. The purpose of a hydraulic system is to:A. Generate heatB. Transmit motion and forceC. Control temperatureD. Filter liquidsAnswer: B5. The term "CAD" stands for:A. Computer-Aided DesignB. Computer-Aided DraftingC. Computer-Aided DevelopmentD. Computer-Aided DiagnosisAnswer: B6. Which of the following materials is NOT typically used in electrical wiring?A. CopperB. AluminumC. IronD. PlasticAnswer: C7. The function of a bearing in a mechanical system is to:A. Transmit powerB. Reduce frictionC. Store energyD. Amplify signalsAnswer: B8. The process of converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) is known as:A. RectificationB. InversionC. OscillationD. ModulationAnswer: A9. In the context of mechanical engineering, "tolerance" refers to:A. The maximum allowable temperature variation.B. The degree of deviation from a specified dimension.C. The time allowed for a machine to complete a cycle.D. The amount of pressure a component can withstand. Answer: B10. The primary function of a gearbox is to:A. Increase rotational speedB. Decrease rotational speedC. Increase torqueD. Both A and CAnswer: DPart II: Short Answer Questions (30 points)11. Explain the difference between "hardness" and "toughness" in materials science.- Hardness is a measure of a material's resistance to deformation or penetration, typically assessed through tests like the Rockwell or Brinell test. It indicates how difficult it is to scratch or indent the material.- Toughness, on the other hand, refers to a material'sability to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing or breaking. It is a measure of the material's resistance to fracture when subjected to stress.12. Describe the role of a capacitor in an electrical circuit.A capacitor is a component that stores electrical energy inan electric field. Its primary role in a circuit is tomaintain a steady voltage, filter out noise, store charge,and release it when needed. Capacitors are used in various applications, including power supply filtering, signal processing, and energy storage.13. What is the purpose of a cam in a mechanical system?A cam is a mechanical component used to convert rotational motion into linear motion, often to operate or control the motion of other mechanical parts. It is typically a rotating wheel or disc with a profiled surface that interacts with a follower, such as a lever or a push rod, to generate the desired motion.14. Explain the concept of "thermal expansion" and its implications for mechanical design.Thermal expansion is the phenomenon where materials expand when heated and contract when cooled. This can lead toproblems in mechanical design if not accounted for, as it can cause parts to bind, create clearances, or induce stress when materials expand or contract due to temperature changes. Designers must consider these effects to ensure proper functioning and longevity of the system.15. Describe the function of a solenoid in an electrical system.A solenoid is a coil of wire that, when an electric current passes through it, generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field can attract or repel ferromagnetic materials, such as iron. Solenoids are used in various applications, including switches, valves, and actuators, to control the flow offluids or the operation of mechanical devices.Part III: Essay Questions (40 points)16. Discuss the importance of precision measurement in mechanical engineering and provide examples of tools and techniques used for such measurements.Precision measurement is crucial in mechanical engineering to ensure the accuracy and functionality of components and systems. It helps in maintaining tolerances, diagnosing problems, and verifying the quality of work. Common tools for precision measurement include calipers, micrometers, dial indicators, laser distance meters, and coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). Techniques involve direct and indirect measurements, statistical。
【推荐下载】中石油职称英语试题-范文word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==中石油职称英语试题中石油职称英语试题I. VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completesthe sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. We go out for dinner a couple of times a month. Sometimes we__ a movie.(28)A. take inB. keep downC. take overD. take after2. The modern 7-inch long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in__(44)A. gapB. intervalC. lengthD. distance3. A university is an educational institution which awardsdegrees and __ research.A. carries outB. carries offC. carries aboutD. carries for4. The captain of the ship __ the passengers that there was no danger.A. confinedB. insistedC. ensuredD. assured5. The speaker is the person who __ a speech transaction.(9)A. initialB. initiatesC. initiativesD. initiation6. Never one to __ second best, John tried his best to solve the problem.A. admitB. acceptC. convinceD. receive7. The Atlantic hydrographic chart is being __ continuously; even as we speak submarines are charting the Arctic basin under theice.(55)A. rehearsedB. revisedC. renewedD. retiled8. The suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the ___ of the customers.(45)A. expanseB. spendC. warrantD. expense9. When all the present oilfields are__ , its is possible thatthe North Pole may become the scene of oil activity.(46)A. exhibitedB. exhaustedC. exploitedD. exposed10. The man __ that most poets and scientists are male.A. deal withB. point outC. hold upD. hand on。
1. Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people __ harm them. A. more than B. better than C. other than D. rather than 2. The football player is hoping to __ to another club. A. transfer B. transmit C. transform D. transport 3. I'm afraid taking a part time job might __ my time for study. A. cut off B. cut into C. cut down D. cut away 4. I __ several interesting facts about Mexico in that book. A. came to B. came into C. came over D. came across 5. It is __ that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. A. serious B. great C. significant D. vital 6. In his poems, he compared his little daughter __ a flower. A. by B. to C. for D. as 7. You can't see through a telescope unless it is __ correctly to your sight. A. adapted B. adopted C. adjusted D. accustomed 8. Our company decided to __ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met. A. destroy B. refuse C. assume D. cancel 9. You needn't go to a hotel, Lucy, Jack and I will gladly __ for the night. A. make you up B. set you up C. put you up D. call you up 10. He finished the paintings __ for the exhibition. A. for some time B. in good time C. from time to time D. time after time 参考答案及解析 1. 【答案】D 【译⽂】发展核科学应造福于民，⽽不是危害于民。
以下78 个中英文句子，A.B.C.分别代表它们的难易程度。
（A）易(24 ) (B) 较易(31) （C）较难(23)A1. 海油公司愿景：贡献不竭，清洁能源，创造美好生活Our vision: inexhaustible contributions, clean energy and create a better life.2. 公司发展原则：合作，稳健，差异化Our development principles: cooperation, sustainable growth, differentiation 3. 海油精神：爱岗敬业，求实创新Corporate spirit: Be dedicated, effective and innovative4. HSE管理体系:即健康、安全与环境管理体系Health, Safety and Environment System5. 安全第一、工作第二。
The first is safety, the second is work.6. 海油已有24名高技能人才被派送德国学习交流。
24 high skilled talents have been sent to Germany to study.7. 中海石油海上工程公司China Offshore Oil Marine Engineering Corporation8. 我们在离开井场之前,把一切都收拾好。
We get everything in order before we leave.9. 必须再检查一下安全措施。
The safety precaution must be re-inspected.10. 原油储量大, 产量高。
The crude oi1 reserve is great. The output is high.11.不要用那台搅拌机,它坏了,请用这个!Don't use that agitator. It doesn't work, please use this one instead!12. 请把钻台冲洗一下,准备下20"套管!Please wash and clean the drill floor to run in hole with 20″casings!13. 请循环泥浆,然后进行吊测!Please circulate and then wire line survey!14. 他在这个队当司钻。
51. Those Fascinating Northern Lights 迷人的北极光1. At 10:00 p.m. on March 23，1969, the Bowater Power Water pany in Deer Lake, Newfoundland experienced a disturbance on its system. The frequency converter at er Brook tripped off, shutting down half of the big paper mill. There was a radio blackout over most of the Atlantic Provinces. And acpanying these activities was a magnificient display of northern lights —boiling up out of the north and hanging in bundles of long rays like draperies across the sky. Ninety-three million miles away, a rather ugly looking sunspot was making its way across the disc of the sun.1、1969年3月23曰晚上10点，保华特水电公司（the Bowater Power Water pany)位于纽芬兰（Newfoundland)鹿湖的设备系统出现了异常；科纳布鲁克（erBrook)的变频器跳间，使得一半的大造纸厂停产；大西洋沿岸各省的无线电中断。
伴随这些异常出现的还有辉煌的北极光——从北面喷涌而出，一束束巨大的光束像帷幔一般遮盖了整个天际。
9300万英里之外，一个相形见绌的太阳黑子出现在太阳的圆盘上。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录31 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND OTHER SCIENCES 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版) (2)32 THE CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH加利福尼亚淘金热 (2016新增) (6)33 WHAT DO PARENTS OWE THEIR CHILDREN 父母欠子女什么？ (11)34 SHOULD YOU GO ORGANIC? 你应该“有机”吗？（N2016新增） (15)35 YOU BET YOUR LIFE 以命相赌 (20)36 TO BE CONTENT WITH ONE'S LOT乐天知命 (24)37 I DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO TEACH UNTIL I MET YOU 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 (30)38 RESERVOIR PRODUCTION MECHANISMS油藏开采机理（2016新增） (34)39 A $210,000 WALLET 价值21万美元的钱包 (38)40 FUNDAMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN HANDLING PEOPLE 处理人际关系的基本技巧 (42)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
31Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版)【2007版，2010版，2013版，2016版】【2011年第7、8段翻译】1. Petroleum geology is the application【应用，接to】exploration【勘探】for and production【生产】of oil and gas. Geology itselfis firmly【牢牢地】based on【建立在…基础上】chemistry,physics,and biology,involving【包括】the application【后接to】of essentially【本质上】abstract【adj.抽象的，n.文摘】concepts to observed【观察的】data【资料】. In the past these data were basically【基本上】observation 【观察】and subjective【主观的】,but they are now increasingly physical and chemical,and therefore【因此】more objective【客观的】. Geology,in general【总的来说】,and petroleumgeology,in particular【特别，尤其】value judgements based on experience and an assessment【评估】of validity【有效性】among the data presented.1、石油地质学是地质学（岩石研究）在油气勘探开发和生产中的应用。
2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I.VocabularySection ADirections:There are some sentences inthis section.Below each sentence are four other words or phrases.Y ou are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A.unconsciousB.thriveC.severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A.lieB.boastC.secretiveD.feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That"Other Woman"in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feelawkward为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A.continueB.hurryC.beginD.discontinue 【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持~模拟试题四~I. Vocabulary SectionADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.I.I’m afraid taking a part time job might _ my time for study.A. cut offB. cut intoC. cut downD. cut away2.1 ____ several interesting facts about Mexico in that book.A. came toB. came intoC. came overD. came across3.You can’t see through a telescope unless it is ____ correctly to your sight.A. adaptedB. adoptedC. adjustedD. accustomed4.Our company decided to ___ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had notbeen met.A. destroyB. refuseC. assumeD. cancel5.The father lost his ____ just because his son failed again in the final exam.A. mindB. moodC. passionD. temper6.He has never felt himself so powerfully ____ to the scientific ideal.A. interestedB. absorbedC. confidentD. attracted7.Craing assured his boss that he would_____ all his energies in doing this new job.A. call forthB. call atC. call onD. call off8.Who is ___ personnel at present?A. in the charge ofB. under charge ofC. under the charge ofD. in charge of9.Safety devices ____ in preventing accidents in the workshop.A. assistB. assureC. assembleD. contribute10.Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is _____ l oud continuous noise.A. subjected toB. filled withC. associated withD. attached toSection BDirections: There are 10 sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.11. Today’s class has already been called off.A. revisedB. canceledC. completedD. announced12. Robert was regarded as a profound thinker by his friends.A. a deepB. a lazyC. a carefulD. an original13.Diana Spencer consented to many Prince Charles in 1981.A. vowedB. agreedC. engagedD. betokened14.The Hope Diamond has a beautiful blue color, and is completely without flaws.A. mistakesB. defectsC. dotsD. trademarks15.T he ultimate goal for all mountain climbers is to scale the summit of Mr. Everest.A. greatestB. potentialC. ambitiousD. distant16.The old woman is too feeble to cross the street without her nephew’s help.A. tiredB. weakC. timidD. blind17.T here is no alternative: the President must approve the bill if Congress passes it.A. chance of agreementB. doubtC. other choiceD. mistake18.The horse finally came to a halt on the very rim of the cliff.A. topB. edgeC. sloptD. base19.His face was flushed because he had run all the way from the dormitory.A. redB. shakingC. paleD. wet20.The versatility function of a computer is limited only by human imagination.A. multipleB. artificialC. mechanicalD. automaticII • Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.21.It was urgent that he _ her immediately.A. callsB. calledC. callD. would call22.The medical record shows that it was the drug, not the disease, ___ killed him several years ago.A. the effects of whichB. the effects of itC. finallyD. that23. __ ，it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with a eraser.A. Hard a diamond isB. Hard as a diamond isC. As a diamond is hardD. How hard is a diamond24.In order to be a good scientist,_A. mathematics is vitalB. one must master mathematicsC. mathematics is important to understandD. one to understand mathematics25.Like the old, ___ r espected in our country.A. the female isB. a female isC. the female areD. female is26. __ bricks, workers press clay into blocks and bake them to the requisite hardness in a kiln.A. MadeB. To makeC. Being madeD. The making of27. __ on a clear day far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peaceA. WalkingB. When one is walkingC. If walkingD. When walking28.When you ___ the test, check your papers before you hand them in.A. will finishB. are finishingC. will have finishedD. have finished29.This candidate has far more chances of winning the election than ___ recommended by the organizer.A. thatB. the oneC. whomD. one30.If you ____ my advice， you your failure now. You __ your victory.A.took ... wouldn't cry over... would celebrateB.had taken ... wouldn't have cried over... would have celebratedword格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持C.had taken ... aren't crying over... are celebratingD.had taken ... wouldn't be crying over... would be celebratingSection BDirections: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed to make the sentence correct. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.31.Alaska’s vast areas of untamed wilderness attracts many people who enjoy the outdoors.ABC D32.If you have just recently purchased a home or are considering to refinance your home, takeA B Cadvantage of our low rates.D33.The most popular suggestion with the office workers is that all smokers could go outsideA B Cto smoke.D34.Book where visitors sign in is kept at the front desk.A B C D'35.The director felt more positive steps should be taken before last night’s meeting to ensureA B Cjob security.D36.The idea that experience was worth more then education was not unanimously accepted.A BCD37.Mrs. Pham wanted to know when was the last staff meeting so she could plan the next one.A B CD38.Engineers and scientists have had no trouble finding high-level, high-paying positionsA B Cwho have experience.D39.We can supplement our own ideas with information and data gathering from our reading,A B Cour observation, and so forth.D40.To read Tolstoy and being introduced to the nineteenth-century Russian literature are twoA B Cexcellent reasons for taking Professor Morrel’s course.DIII. Cloze TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the answer sheetShopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. 41 in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was lined on both sides with many various businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. .42 , some shops offered services. These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to 43 . Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking places were 44 shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 45 the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers needed. And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centres, or rather malls, 46 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centres. 47 by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from downtown areas to outlying malls. And the growing 48 of shopping centres led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. 49 the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 50 of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoorentertainment.41. A. As early as B. Early C. Early as D. Earlier42. A. Apart from B. However C. In addition D. As well43. A. be taking place B. take place C. be taken place D. have taken place44. A. available for B. available to C. used by D. ready for45. A. over B. from C. out of D. outside46. A. started B. founded C. set up D. organized47. A. Attracted B. Surprised C. Delighted D. Enjoyedword格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持48. A. distinction B. fame C. popularity D. liking49. A. By B. During C. In D. Towards50. A. cheapness B. readiness C. convenience D. handinessIV. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry--weshould separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few peopleask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred anddivided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biographythat it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish allsuch preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice (同谋).If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from gettingthe fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible,then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess (委婉之处), from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself inthis, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, orattempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty two chapters of a novel--if weconsider how to read a novel first--are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled asa building but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficultiesof words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you--how at the corner of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the toneof the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in that moment.51. What does the author mean by saying "Yet few people ask from books what books can give us"?A. The author means that lots of people read few books.B. The author thinks that readers have only absorbed part of knowledge in books.C. The author holds that few people have a proper idea about what content some kind ofbooks should include.D. The author considers that readers can scarcely understand most of the books.52. According to the passage, which of the following statement is right?A. A reader should find some mistakes when he is reading.B. The more difficult a book is, the more you can get from it.C. To read something is easier than to watch something.D. One should be in the same track with the writer when he is reading.53. What is the possible meaning of "impalpable" (Paragraph 2) in the passage?A. Clear.B. Elusive.C. Delicate.D. Precise.54. What's the main idea of this passage?A. The importance of reading.B. The proper way to read.C. How to get most from one book.D. The characters of a good book.word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:It isn't often that an entire industry is symbolized in the figure of a single human being, and such is the case with Canadian aviation and the aircraft industry. The man is the Hon. John A. D. McCurdy, and the life story of this still vigorous, distinguished Canadian is at once and at the same time the thrilling history of aviation's progress in Canada.It all began one cold February day in 1909 at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, when John McCurdy confounded the critics by flying the Silver Dart, an aircraft designed by himself, for half a mile over the ice of Bras deor Lakes. This was the first powered flight in Canada and the first by a British subject in the Commonwealth. McCurdy gave proof of his flying ability--and of the development and the use of the aileron--by being the first man in the world to execute a figure eight in the air. He became the first to pilot a flying boat, taking off from Long Island Sound. He flew the first airplane to Mexico. In 1911 he had made the longest flight to date, and that over open sea 90 miles from Key West to Havana. He won the first cross country race in Canada 40 miles from Hamilton to Toronto--and he transmitted the first radio message from aircraft.When World War ]I came, McCurdy took on board supervisory authority for Canadian aircraft production by serving with the government in various senior positions. Following World War 11, McCurdy was honored by being made lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia where he made Canada's first historic flight. He now lives in Montreal with a summer home in Baddeck, site of his first flight.55. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about McCurdy?A. He was a Canadian.B. He is regarded as the symbol of Canadian aviation and aircraft industry.C. He is the first man to finish a figure eight in the air.D. He now lives in Baddeck.56. The "Silver Dart" isA. the name of a weaponB. a plane bought by McCurdyC. the nickname of a famous Canadian pilotD. a plane designed by McCurdy57. McCurdy is NOT the first one to __A. fly in CanadaB. pilot a flying boatC. fly from Key West to TorontoD. fly to Mexico58. Nowadays, McCurdy __A. lives in Montreal in summerB. is the lieutenant governor of Nova ScotiaC. is still very active and energeticD. is the government's counselorQuestions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:The U.S. birthrate began to decline in the middle 1950's, resulting in a smaller college age population starting in the middle 1970's. S4 Something else happened in the 1970's: the price of oil increased tremendously, driving up the price of almost everything and making Americans aware that their large automobiles used a lot of gasoline. At the same time, foreign car manufacturers had begun to produce small fuel efficient cars in large quantities for the export market. ~Suddenly, the large, gas guzzling American cars were no longer attractive to Americanword格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持buyers, who began buying foreign cars by the thousands. The American automobile industry went into a recession. Thousands of automotive workers were laid off, as were thousands of people in industries indirectly connected with the auto industry. People who are laid off tend to keep what money they have for necessities, like food and housing. They do not have the extra money needed to send their children to college. Their children cannot pay their own college costs, because during a recession they cannot find jobs. High unemployment means that more state funds must be used for social service--unemployment benefits and to aid dependent children, for example--than during more prosperous times. It also means, that the states have fewer funds than usual, because people are paying fewer taxes. Institutions of higher education depend on two major sources ofincome to keep them functioning: tuition from students and funds from the states. At the present time, there are fewer students than in the past and fewer state funds available for higher education. The colleges and universities are in trouble.59. What is the main idea of this passage?A. The rising of oil price drove up the price of everything.B. There were many reasons why higher education was in trouble in the 1970's.C. Birthrate began to decline in the USA in 1950's.D. High unemployment caused a lot of social problems.60. The phrase "laid off' can best be replaced by which of the following?A. Poor.B. Got rid of.C. Removed.D. Unemployed.61. American cars were not popular in their domestic markets because they wereA. smallB. gas consumingC. fuel efficientD. not attractive62. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT __A. Young people couldn't afford their own tuition in the 1970'sB. It's difficult for graduates from colleges to find a job in the 1970'sC. Fewer parents could afford to send their children to college because of the recession in1970'sD. Birthrate dropped in the 1970's because of the recessionQuestions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed (嗅出) something suspicious in the grain pile.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"--string of alphabetic or numerical characters--ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and kind of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apartword格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持from other animals.63. Which of the following is true about memory?A. It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.B. It is based on the decisions we made in the past.C. It is rooted in our past habits and skills.D. It connects our past experiences with the present.64. According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT thatA. it involves a change in one's behaviorB. it keeps information for later useC. it warns people not to do things repeatedlyD. it enables one to remember events that happened in the past65. What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author?A. It can be expanded by language.B. It can remember all the combined words.C. It may keep all the information in the past.D. It may change what has been stored in it.66. Human beings make themselves different from other animals byA. having the ability to perceive dangerB. having a far greater memory capacityC. having the ability to recognize faces and places on sightD. having the ability to draw on past experiencesSection BDirections: You should answer Questions 67-75 which are based on the following passages. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.Population movements and genetics1.Study of the origins and distribution of human populations used to be based on archaeologicaland fossil evidence. A number of techniques developed since the 1950s, however, have placed the study of these subjects on a sounder and more objective footing. The best information on early population movements is now being obtained from the “archaeology of the living body”, the clues to be found in genetic material.2.Recent work on the problem of when people first entered the Americas is an example of thevalue of these new techniques. North-east Asia and Siberia have long been accepted as the launching ground for the first human colonisers of the New World. But was there one major wave of migration across the Bering Strait into the Americas, or several? And when did this event, or events, take place? In recent years, new clues have come from research into genetics, including the distribution of genetic markers in modem Native Americans.3.An important project, led by the biological anthropologist Robert Williams, focused on thevariants (called Gm allotypes) of one particular protein - immunoglobin G - found in the fluid portion of human blood. All proteins “drift”， or produce variants, over the generations, and members of an interbreeding human population will share a set of such variants. Thus, by comparing the Gm allotypes of two different populations (e.g. two Indian tribes), one can establish their genetic “distance”， which itself can be calibrated to give an indication of the length of time since these populations last interbred.4.Williams and his colleagues sampled the blood of over 5,000 American Indians in westernNorth America during a twenty-year period. They found that their Gm allotypes could be divided into two groups, one of which also corresponded to the genetic typing of Central and South American Indians. Other tests showed that the Inuit (or Eskimo) and Aleut formed a third group. From this evidence it was deduced that there had been three major waves of migration across the Bering Strait. The first, Paleo-Indian, wave more than 15,000 years ago was ancestral to all Central and South American Indians. The second wave, about 14,000 -12,000 years ago, brought Na-Dene hunters, ancestors of the Navajo and Apache (who only migrated south from Canada about 600 or 700 years ago). The third wave, perhaps 10,000 or 9,000 years ago, saw the migration from North-east Asia of groups ancestral to the modem Eskimo and Aleut.5.How far does other research support these conclusions? Geneticist Douglas Wallace hasstudied mitochondrial DNA in blood samples from three widely separated Native American groups: Pima-Papago Indians in Arizona, Maya Indians on the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, and Ticuna Indians in the Upper Amazon region of Brazil. As would have been predicted by Robert Williams's work, all three groups appear to be descended from the same ancestral (Paleo-Indian) population.6.There are two other kinds of research that have thrown some light on the origins of the NativeAmerican population; they involve the study of teeth and of languages. The biological anthropologist Christy Turner is an expert in the analysis of changing physical characteristics in human teeth. He argues that tooth crowns and roots have a high genetic component, minimally affected by environmental and other factors. Studies carried out by Turner of manyword格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持thousands of New and Old World specimens, both ancient and modem, suggest that the majority of prehistoric Americans are linked to Northern Asian populations by crown and root traits such as incisor shoveling (a scooping out on one or both surfaces of the tooth), single-rooted upper first premolars and triple-rooted lower first molars. According to Turner, this ties in with the idea of a single Paleo-lndian migration out of North Asia, which he sets at before 14,000 years ago by calibrating rates of dental micro-evolution. Tooth analyses also suggest that there were two later migrations of Na-Denes and Eskimo-Aleut.7.The linguist Joseph Greenberg has, since the 1950s, argued that all Native Americanlanguages belong to a single “Amerind” family, except for Na-Dene and Eskimo-Aleut - a view that gives credence to the idea of three main migrations. Greenberg is in a minority among fellow linguists, most of whom favour the notion of a great many waves of migration to account for the more than 1,000 languages spoken at one time by American Indians. But there is no doubt that the new genetic and dental evidence provides strong backing for Greenberg’s view. Dates given for the migrations should nevertheless be treated with caution, except where supported by hard archaeological evidence.Questions 67-72This passage has seven sections. 1-7.Choose the correct headings for sections 1-7 from the list of headings below. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.List of HeadingsA.The results of the research into blood-variantsB.Dental evidenceC.Greenberg’s analysis of the dental and linguistic evidenceD.Developments in the methods used to study early population movementsE. Indian migration from Canada to the U.S.A.F.Further genetic evidence relating to the three-wave theoryG.Long-standing questions about prehistoric migration to AmericaH.How analysis of blood-variants measures the closeness of the relationship betweendifferent populationsI.Conflicting views of the three-wave theory, based on non-genetic evidence67.Section 168.Section 269.Section 370.Section 471.Section 572.Section 6Example AnswerSection 7 IQuestions 73-74This passage refers to the three-wave theory of early migration to the Americas. It also suggests in which of these three waves the ancestors of various groups of modern native Americans first reached the continent.Classify the groups named in the table below as originating fromA.the first waveB.the second waveC.the third waveChoose the correct letter. A, B or C, for questions 73-74 and mark your answer on the answer sheet.word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持Question 75Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. and mark your answer on the answer sheet. 75. Christy Turner's research involved the examination ofA.teeth from both prehistoric and modem americans and Asians.B.thousands of people who live in either the New or the Old World.C.dental specimens from the majority of prehistoric Americans.D.the eating habits of American and Asian populations.。
模拟试題一I.V ocabulary SectionADirections:There are10incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices mark ed A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.1.I could just see a car in the distance,bu t I couldn't____what color it was.A.mak e ou tB.look t oC.look ou tD.take in2.He mu mble d something and blushed as though a secret had been____A.imposedB.exposedposedD.opposed3.Y ou should these tables and buy new ones.A.throw offB.throw d ownC.throw upD.throw away4._______their suggestions，we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.A.In regar d forB.In regar d t oC.With regard ofD.Regardless for5.On cloudy nights it is n o t possible t o see the stars with____eye.A.nak edB.bar eC.fleshD.pur e6.Many new_____will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A.opportunitiesB.necessitiesC.probabilitiesD.realities7.I found myself completely_____by his vivid performance.A.carried o u tB.carried offC.carried awayD.carried on8.Although the examination he had p assed was unimportant,his success____him in hislater study.A.persuadedB.promisedC.ur gedD.encouraged9.This is the first time you have been late.A.under no circumstancesB.on no accountC.by no meansD.for no reason10.The taxi had to because the traffic light had turned red.A.set upB.catch upC.shut upD.pull upSection BDirections:There are10sentences in this section.Below each sentence are four other words or phrases.Y ou are t o choose the one word or phrase which would best k eeping the meaning o f the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.-11.The roof of t he house was practically falling in and the front steps were rotting away.A.almostB.essentiallyC.alwaysD.conveniently12.The gr eatest physical distinction betw een hu ma ns and apes is the hollow space hu mans haveunder their chins.A.attractionB.dangerfortD.difference13.Scientists are trying to develop computers that will simulate the human thoug ht process.A.substituteB.assumeC.projectD.reflect14.T enants do not own their own apartments,they merely occupy the dwellings.A.intellectualsB.rentersC.colonizersD.contractors15.Buddhist monks claim t o detach their minds from their bodies.A.separateB.attachC.deliverD.detain16.W e encount er ed the Smiths before leaving the parking lot.A.metB.sawC.helpedD.surprised17.Mr.Jones was taken in by that door to door salesman’s mooth talk.He paid almost$900.00for avacuum cleaner.A.deceivedB.incitedC.implicatedD.saturated18.The chorale want ed t o rehearse the son g before the performance.A.singB.rewriteC.introduceD.practice19.Prejudice towards minorities probable stems from fear of the unknown.A.angerB.biasC.rudenessD.action20.It is unwise to provoke strange animals.A.feedB.touchC.angerD.chaseII.Grammatical StructureSection ADirections:There are10incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices mark ed A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.21.So frightened__in darkness that she did no t dar e to move an inch.A.was the girlB.the girl wasC.such a girl wasD.that the girl was22.___you may be right,I can’t altogether agree.A.AsB.WhileC.IfD.Since23.—I must have eat en something wrong.I feel like___.—I told you not t o eat at a res taurant.You’d better at home.A.t o throw up...t o catB.throwing up...eatingC.t o throw up...catD.throwing up...cat24.His r esponse was___that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.A.soB.whichC.whatD.such25.I have n o t found my book y et.I’m not sure____I could have done with it.A.whetherB.whatC.whyD.where26.He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there.If he hadn't seen it himself,he___it.A.never have believedB.never did believeC.could never believeD.would never have believed27.I__________________________________________wish Bill would drive us to the trainstation bu t he has__________________________________to take us all.A.very small a carB.too small a carC.a too small carD.such a small car28.___the building for stolen goods,the police found twenty machine guns.A.SearchingB.Being searchingC.SearchedD.T o search29.Close the door,__?A.will youB.do youC.shall youD.don’t you30.The storm___，they had to live in a cave.A.has destroyed their hutB.t o destroy their hutC.having destroyed their hutD.being destroyedDirections:In questions31-40each sentence has four underlined words or phrases,mark ed A,B, C,and D.Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed t o make the sentence correct.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.31.Industrial management is the aspect of business management that was mos t prominent in theA B C DUnited States for the past eight years.32.Members of a nation’s foreign service represent that country’s interests abr o ad and report onA B Cthe conditions,trends,and policies of the country which they arc stationed.D33.A mo rt g age enables a person t o buy property without paying for it outright;thus mo r e peopleA B Care able t o enjoy t o own a house.D34.Basal body temperatur e refers t o the mos t lowest temperatur e of a healthy individual duringA B C Dwaking hours.35.A ft e r m u ch d i s c u ss i o n,t h e n e got i a t or s d e ci d e d no t m a k i n g a n of f e r un t i l t h e y h a d l oo k ed o ve rA BCDt h e c on t r a ct.36.Employment benefits are given new employees have increased tremendously.A B C D37.The Board of Directors are in the process of dissolving the company.A B CD38.The doctor will be giving you a lot of information;if you have questions a bo ut them,letA B Cus know.D39.The officers of Tiffany&Company decided that they can establish a new branch of their storeA B Cat Paris.D40.The director suggest ed that you and me report our findings to the team directly.A B CDIII．Cloze T estDirections:There are10blanks in the following passage.For each blank ther e are four choices mark ed A,B,C and D.Y ou should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.If you were to begin a new job tomorrow,you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses.Success or41in your work would depend,to a gr eat extent,42yourability to use your strengths and weaknesses t o the best advantage.Of the utmost importance is your attitude.A person43begins a job convinced that lie isn't going to like it or is sure that heis going t o ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success.On the other hand,a person who is secure44his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing t o mak e a cheerful a t t e mpt by it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.45the prerequisite skills for a particular job is cking those skills is obviouslya weakness.A book keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize46the strength and overcome the47that you bring t o the job of learning.But in g r ou p to measur e your development,you must first take stock of where you stand now.48we ge t further along in the book,we'll be dealingin some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening49skills.However,to begin with,you should p ause to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical t o your success or failure in school:your50,your reading and communication skills,and your study habits.41.A.improvement B.victory C.failure D.achievement42.A.in B.on C.of D.to43.A.who B.what C.that D.which44.A.onto B.on C.off D.in45.A.Have B.Had C.Having D.Had been46.A.except B.bu t C.for D.on47.A.idea B.weakness C.strength D.adv antage48.A.as B.till C.over D.ou t49.A.learnt B.learned C.learning D.learn50.A.intelligence B.work C.attitude D.weaknessIV.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:There are4passages in this section.Each p assage is followed by4questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices mark ed A,B,C and D.Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions51t o54are b a s e d on the following passage:In the past,American families tended to be quite large.Parents raising five or mo r e children were common.Over the years,the size o f the family has decreased.One reason for this is an increase in the cost o f living.On the average,children attend schools for mo r e years than they used to,making them financially dependent on their families longer.Moreover,children nowadays are better dr essed and have mo r e money t o s pe n d on entertainment.The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses.Meanwhile,families are less close than they used t o be.More and mo r e American mothers work away from home.The break up of the family occurs when the par ents divorce,A lot of children in the U.S.live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike.Children blame themselves when their parents separate.They grow up feeling unsettled as they are mo ve d back and forth betw een ually one par ent is responsible for raising the children.These single par ents must care for the children's emotional and psychological n e eds while also supporting them financially.This is very d e man d in g and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests.Single par ents o ften marry other single parents.In this type of family,unrelated children are forced t o develop brother or sister relationship.The situations of many American families today are n o t good.However,recent signs indicate that things are getting better.The divorce rate is declining.The rate of childbirth is rising.P erhaps Americans have learned how important families are.51.T o parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses,the cost of living increasesbecauseA.children att end school for mor e yearsB.children are better dr essedC.children s pend mo r e money on entertainmentD.all of the above52.What problems would broken families bring t o both children and parents?A.Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn't pay muc h attention to children.B.Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children.C.Children are mo ve d back and forth betw een parents and the single par ent is busy working t o mak e money t o support himself/herself.D.Children grow up feeling unsettled,and the parents have little time for his/her owninterests because one parent is too busy taking care of children.53.According t o the author,the situations of American families in the future may__A.become worseB.remain the sameC.g e t betterD.k eep u nch ange d54.The title of t he article might be__A.American ChildrenB.American FamiliesC.American MotherD.American ParentsQuestions55t o58are b a s e d on the following passage:When I was studying at Y ale,some phenomena puzzled me greatly.I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor,asking questions and dominating the discussion.The Chinese students were no t as aggressive as American students.I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar(讨论会).The professor didn't act as an authority,giving final conclusions,bu t as a researcher looking for answers to questionst ogether with the students.One linguistic(语言的)feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal(情态的)verbs--far mo r e than I did in Beiwai.When answering questions,he usually said,"This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong."or"Y ou could be right,bu t you might find this point of view also interesting."In China,authorities are alwayss u ppos ed to give wise decisions and correct directions.Therefore,students always expect the professor t o give an answer to the question,i still r e me mber how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer.Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students.Once the Chinese students got the answer,they were sure a bo u t it.Education in China is valued for united thinking.I r emember American teachers who taught in our university complaining a bo u t the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the sa me idea in their English composition.The examinations in America usually do not test a student's ability to memorize the material bu t his ability t o analyze and solve cation in America is valued no t only as a me ans to obtain employment bu t as a process of enhancing critical thinking.55.In the USA,when the students are in class,__A.a Chinese student t ends to be very activeB.an American student likes to mak e troubleC.a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacherD.an American student tends t o be vigorous56.A teacher in the USA prefers t o__when he answers questions.A.be very sincereB.be very directC.be very self-confidentD.be very indifferent57.What is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods betw een China and the USA?A.He thinks that Chinese teaching methods can mak e students learn more.B.He holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is t o improve students'remembrance.C.He thinks that American teaching is ability oriented.D.He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.58.The author thinks that the relationship betw een the student and the teacher is__A.mo r e intimate in ChinaB.closer in ChinaC.looser in USAD.mo r e harmonious in USAQuestions59t o62are b a s e d on the following passage:With a tr e mendous roar from its rocket engine,the satellite is sent up into the sky.Minutes later,at an altitude of300miles,this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit a bo u t the earth.Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information a bou t the satellite's orbital path,the amount of radiation it detects,and the presence of rmation of all kinds races back t o the earth.No human being could possibly copy down all these facts,much less r e member and organize them.But an electronic comput er can.The marvel of the machine age,the electronic computer has been in use only since1946.It can do simple computations--add,subtract,multiply and divide--with lighting speed and perfect accuracy.Some computers can work500,000times faster than any person can.Once it is given a"program"--that is,a carefully worked o u t set of instructions devised bya technician trained in comput er language--a comput er can gather a wide range of information for many purposes.For the scientist it can ge t information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean.In business and industry the computer prepar es factory inventories,k eeps track of sales trends and production needs,mails dividend checks,and makes o u t company payrolls.It can k eep bank accounts up t o d a t e and mak e ou t electric bills.If you are planning a trip by plane,the computer will find ou t what t o take and what space is available.Not only can the comput er gather facts,it can also store them as fast as they are gather ed and can pour them ou t whenever they are needed.The computer is really a high pow er ed"memory" machine that"has all the answers"--or almost all.Besides gathering and storing information,the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took mo n ths for people t o do.At times computers seem almost human.They can"read"hand printed letters,play chess,c o mpo s e music, write plays and even design other computers.Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called "thinking"machines?Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our ownbrains,computers are no t replacing us at least no t yet.Our brain has mo r e than10million cells.A computer has only a few h u nd r e d thousand parts.For some time to come,then,we can safely say that our brains are at least10,000times mo r e complex than a computer.How we use them is for us,not the computer,to decide.59."Program"me ans__A.a plan of what is t o be doneB.a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time tableC.a scheduled performanceD.series of co ded instructions t o control the operations of a computer60.The comput er is a high pow er ed"memory"machine,which__A.has all the ready answers--or almost all t o any questionsB.can r e me mber everythingC.can store everything and work for youD.has all the answers--or almost t o all the information that has been stored61."Thinking"machines suggest that__A.they can"read"hand printed letters etcB.they really can think and do many other jobsC.they even design other computersD.they can't think,bu t can do something under human control62.Can computers do whatever they want to do?Why?A.Yes,because some computers can work500,000times faster than any person can.B.No,because they normally have a few h u nd r ed thousand parts.C.No,because human brains are at least10000times mo r e complex than any computers.D.No,because how a computer works is decided by human.Questions63t o66are b as e d on the following passage:Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste.The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that go e s into the dumps would be made into something useful.Even the mos t danger ous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.The latest project is t o take a city of ar ound half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out.The aim is t o find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city.This plant would recycle n ot only metal such as steel,lead and copper,bu t also p aper and rubber as well.Another new project is being set up t o discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish.When this project is complete,the rubbish will be processed like this:first,it will pass thr ough sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic b a gs in which rubbish is usually packed;then it will pass thr ough a powerful fan t o separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that gr ounders and rollers break up everything that can be broken.Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets,which will r emove the bits of iron and steel;the rubber and plastic will then be sorted ou t in the final stage.The first full scale giant recycling plants are,perhaps,fifteen years away.Indeed,with the growing cost of transporting rubbish t o mo r e distant dumps,some big cities will be forced t o build their own recycling plants before long.63.The main purpose of the p assage is__A.t o show us a future way of recycling wastesB.t o tell the importance of recycling wastesC.t o warn people the danger of some wastesD.to introduce a new recycling plant64.How many stages are there in the recycling process?A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.65.What is the main r eason for big cities t o build their own recycling plants?A.T o deal with wastes in a better way.B.It's a good way t o gain profits.C.It's mo r e economical than to dump wastes in some distant places.D.Energy can be got at a lower price.66.Which of the following statements is true?A.The word"rubbish"will s oon disappear from dictionaries.B.Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing bu t energy.C.T o recycle p aper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods.D.Big cities will soo n have their own recycling plants.Section BDirections:Y ou should answer questions67-75which are based on the following passages.Mark your answer on the answer sheet.The Motor CarA There are now over700million mo t or vehicles in the world and the nu mber is rising by mo r ethan40million each year.The average distance driven by car users is growing too-from8 km a day per person in western Europe in1965to25km a day in1995.This dependence on mo tor vehicles has given rise t o major problems,including environmental pollution, depletion of oil resources,traffic congestion and safety.B While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be,city streets andmotorways are becoming mo r e crowded than ever,often with older trucks,buses and taxis which emit excessive levels of smok e and fumes.This concentration of vehicles mak es air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes danger ous to breathe.Even Moscow hasi use and largerjoined the list of capitals afflicted by congestion and traffic fumes. In Mexico City, vehiclepollution is a major health hazard.C Until a hund r ed years ago, most journeys were in the 20 km range, the distance convenientlyaccessible by horse. Heavy freight could only be carried by water or rail. The invention of the mo tor vehicle br ought personal mobility t o the masses and made rapid freight delivery possible over a much wider area. In the United Kingdom, a bo u t 90 per cent of inland freight is carried by road. Clearly the world cannot revert t o the horse-drawn wagon. Can it avoidbeing locked into congest ed and polluting ways of transporting people and goods?D In Europe mos t cities arc still designed for the old modes of transport. Adaptation to the mo torcar has involved adding ring roads, one-way systems and parking lots. In the United States, mo r e land is assigned to car use than to housing. Urban sprawl means that life without a car is next to impossible. Mass use of mo t or vehicles has also killed or injured millions of people. Other social effects have been blamed on the car such as alienation and aggressive humanbehaviour .E A 1993 study by the European Federation for T ransport and Environment found that cartransport is seven times as costly as rail travel in terms of the external social costs it entailssuch as congestion, accidents, pollution, loss of cropland and natural habitats ，depletion of oil resources, and so on. Y et cars easily surpass trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of personal transport. It is unrealistic t o expect people t o give up private cars in favour ofmass transit.F T echnical solutions can reduce t he pollution pr oblem and increase the fuel efficiency of engines.But fuel consumption and exhaust emissions depend on which cars arc preferred bycustomers and how they are driven. Many people buy larger cars than they need for dailypurposes or waste fuel by driving aggressively . Besides, global car use 彡 increasing at afaster rate than the improvement in emissions and fuel efficiency which technology isnow making possible.G One solution that has been pu t forward is the long-term solution of designing cities andneighbourhoods so that car journeys are no t necessary - all essential services beinglocated within walking distance or easily accessible by public transport. Not only wouldthis save energy and cut carbon dioxide emissions, it would also enhance the quality ofcommunity life, putting the emphasis on people instead of cars. Good local government isalready bringing this a bo u t in some places. But few democratic communities are blessedwith the vision - and the capital - t o mak e such pr o found changes in modem lifestyles.H A mo r e likely scenario seems to be a combination of mass transit systems for travel into andaround cities, with small “low emission” cars for urban hybrid or lean bum cars for use elsewhere. Electronically tolled highways might be used t o ensure that driverspay charges ge ar ed to actual r o ad use. Better integration of transport systems is alsohighly desirable-and made mo r e feasible by modem computers.But these are solutions for countries which can afford them.In most developing countries,old cars and old technologies continue t o predominate.Questions67-72This p assage has eight paragraphs labelled A-H.Which paragraphs concentrate on the followinginformation?Choose the correct letter A-H for questions67-72and mark your answer on the answer sheet.NB Y ou may use any letter mo r e than once.67.a comparison of past and present transportation methods68.how driving habits contribute t o r o ad problems69.the relative merits of cars and public transport70.the writer's own prediction of future solutions71.the increasing use of mo t or vehicles72.the impact of the car on city developmentQuestions73-75Do the following statements agr ee with the views of the writer in this passage?For questions 73-75,chooseA.if the stat ement agr ees with the views of the writer(YES)B.if the stat ement contradicts the views of the writer(NO)C.if it is impossible t o say what the writer thinks a bo u t this(NOT GIVEN)73.V ehicle pollution is worse in European cities t han anywhere else.74.T echnology alone cannot solve the pr oblem of vehicle pollution.75.R edesigning cities would be a short-term solution.。
15. Conventional Petroleum Reservoir1. A petroleum reservoir, or oil and gas reservoir, is a subsurface pool of hydrocarbons contained in permeable, porous or fractured rock formations, with most reservoir rocks being limestones, dolomites, sandstones, or a combination of these. The three basic types of hydrocarbon reservoirs are oil, gas, and condensate. The formation of petroleum reservoirs can be divided into four stages:1．油藏或油气藏，是储藏于地下渗透性、孔隙性或有裂缝的地层中的碳水化合物。
大部分储集岩是石灰岩、白云岩、沙岩或混合性岩石。
油气藏有三种基本类型：油藏、气藏和凝析气藏。
油藏的形成可以分为以下四个阶段：1) With burial of plankton, algae and other protein rich life forms under layers of sand and mud at a source rock, and continuous accumulation of sand, the buried material heats up at 500°C to 700°C.1)浮游生物、海藻或其他富含蛋白质的生物埋藏于烃源岩砂泥层中，随着沙子的不断沉积，埋藏生物温度上升到50至70摄氏度。
2) High temperature, combined with pressure, triggers a "cooking" process.2) 地下高温、高压触发了“蒸煮”的生油过程。
【中石油职称英语2016】2016年职称英语理工A答案2016年职称英语理工A答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.A. honestB. qualifiedC. enabledD. clever2. The latest car model embodies the new research development.2016年职称英语理工A答案A. listsB. includesC. borrowsD. broadens3. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extreme.A. severeB. hardC. warmD. dry4. She is an artist whose work will undoubtedly withstand the test of time.A. gradeB. attractC. bearD. suffer5. He wore a shabby thin overcoat in the cold winter so that he fell ill.A. oldB. bigC. newD. small2016年职称英语理工A答案6. The weather was so gorgeous that many people went outing.A. uncontrollableB. pleasantC. cloudyD. unbearable7. Competitors must abide by the judge's decisionA. keepB. readC. understandD. obey8. The umbrella was ingeniously devised to fold up into the pocket.A. seriouslyB. cleverlyC. attentivelyD. carefully9. Some newspapers in the west are notably biased.A. especiallyB. whollyC. totallyD. fairly10. His answers were obscure and confusing.A. unclearB. obviousC. clearD. direct11. The way she looked after her young sister was really touchingA. disturbingB. connectingC. movingD. waving2016年职称英语理工A答案12. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. stableB. suitableC. changeableD. adaptable13. They have built canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB. changeC. visitD. water14. The details of the costume were totally authentic.A. outstandingB. realC. creativeD. false15. The new garment fits her perfectly.A. clothesB. haircutC. purseD. necklace答案：____A第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)The Greatest of Victorian Engineers16. Brunel was an important airplane engineer in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2016年职称英语理工A 答案17. Brunel was involved less in railway construction than in other engineering fields.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Brunel worked only on shipping, bridge-building and railway construction.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Brunel's work was largely ignored by his colleagues.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Someprojects Brunel contributed to are still in use today.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. Brunel became an apprentice with his father when he was very young.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. The Thames Tunnel project was more difficult than any previous projects undertaken in Britain.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案: __2016年职称英语理工A答案第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23~ 30题，每题1分，共8分)Geothermal(地热)Energy23.Paragraph 1_________24.Paragraph 2_________25.Paragraph 3_________26.Paragraph 4________A. Recyclable water and steamB.Binary plantsC.Flash steam plantsD. Generation of electricityE. Origin of geothermal energy2016年职称英语理工A答案F. Dry steam plants27. A geothermal reservoir is formed whenhot water is trapped under______.28. A dry-steam reservoir produces steam with______.29. Flash plants produce hot water through______.30. In a binary plant, the heat of the geothermal water can be converted into_____.A. hot springsB. impermeable rockC. little or no waterD.turbine operatorE. one or two separatorsF. the energy to turn aturbine答案：E F C B B D E F第4部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)2016年职称英语理工A答案第一篇SportsStar Yao Ming31. The word “towering" in Paragraph 1 meansA. Iarge.B. fat.C. tall.D. great.32. Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of hisA. mobility.B. assaultC. defense.D. celebrity.33. Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments becauseA. his right foot had been hurting.2016年职称英语理工A答案B. he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.C. the surgical operation had been a failure.D. he couldn't afford all the medical expenses.34. Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?A. Hemissed the Athens Olympics.B. He is an NBA player.C. He fractured his left foot.D. He is an international figure.35. In general, the Western experts' attitude towards TCM isA. indifferent.B. positive.C. negative.D. doubtful.第二篇Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)2016年职称英语理工A答案36.The Sahel zone is an area which ___.A. is covered with sad and grassB. has a long historyC. occupies much of South NigeriaD. belongs to Sudan37. What is the situation about the desertification in Africa?A. The deserts are replaced with grasslandsB. The deserts are expandingC. the deserts are moving northwardsD. the deserts are being deserted38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph 2 mean s ___.A. deepenedB. sufferedC. slippedD. worsened39. What is the root cause of desertification?A. poor farming2016年职称英语理工A答案B. overpopulationC. radical climate changeD. disappearance of rare plant species40. In order to prevent desertification, the author proposes ___.A. making good use of international aidsB. developing a sustainable agricultural economyC. gaining international supportD. converting agricultural land intoforest第三篇Older Volcanic Eruptions41.Older volcanic eruptions did more damage than more recent ones becauseA. older volcanoes were brighter.B. carbon dioxide made the earth much warmerC. older volcanoes were hotter2016年职称英语理工A答案D. carbon dioxide killed off life moreeasily42. Wignall calculated the killing power of those older volcanic eruptions byA. estimating how long they lastedB. counting the dinosaurs they killedC. paring the proportion of life killed with the volume of lavaproducedD. studying the chemical position oflava43. When did dinosaurs e extinct?A. 300 million years ago.B. 250 million years agoC. 65 million years agoD. 60 million years ago2016年职称英语理工A答案44. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that the cause of dinosaur extinction is_______A. a political issue.B. self-evident.C. quite certainD. controversial45. What is the main thesis of the article?A. Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.B. Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.C. Older volcanic eruptions are more destructiveD. It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption答案：____C第5部分：补全短文( 第46~50题, 每题2分，共10分)2016年职称英语理工A答案Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright Most of us walk and carry items in our hands every day. These areseemingly simple activities that the majority of us don’t question.__46____ The team of researchers from the U.S, England, Japan and Portugal investigated the behavior of modern-day chimpanzees as they peted for food resources，in an effort to understand what ecological settings would lead a large ape —one that resembles the 6 million-year old ancestor we shared in mon with living chimpanzees —to walk on two legs.“These chimpanzees provide a model of the ecological conditions underwhich our earliest ancestors might have begun walking on two legs," said Dr. Richmond.The research findings suggest that chimpanzees switch to moving on two limbs instead of four in situations where they need to monopolize a resource. __47____Over time，intense bursts of bipedal activity may have led to an atomical changes that in turn became the subject of natural selection where petition for food or other resources was strong.Two studies were conducted by the team in Guinea. The firststudy was conducted by the team in Kyoto University’s “ outdoor laboratory ” in a natural clearing in Bossou Forest. _48___The chimpanzees’ behavior was monitored in t hree situations: (a) when only oil palm nuts were available, (b) when a small number of coula nuts were available，and (c) when coula nuts were the majority available resource.When the rare coula nuts were available only in small numbers, the chimpanzees transported more at one time. Similarly, when coula nuts were the majority resource, __49____.In such high-petition settings，the frequency of cases in which the chimpanzees started moving on two legs increased by a factor of four. Not only was it obvious that bipedal movement allowed them to carry more of this precious resource, but also that they were actively trying to move as much as they could in one go by using everything available 一even their mouths.The second study, by Kimberley Hockings of Oxford Brookes University, was a 14-month study of Bossou chimpanzees crop-raiding, a situation in which they have to pete for rare and unpredictable Resources. __50___.A. Researchers allowed the wild chimpanzees access todifferent binations of two different types of nut — the oil palmnut，which is naturally widely available, and the coula nut, which is not.B. human walking on tou shdouf hiosu.2016年职称英语理工A答案C. But an international team of researchers, includingDr. Richmond from GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences，have discovered that human walking upright,may have originated millions of years ago as an adaptation to carrying scarce, high-quality resources.D. Standing on two legs allows them to carry much moreat one time because it frees up their hands.E.The chimpanzees regarded the coula nuts as amore highly-prized resource and peted for them more intensely.F. Here, 35 percent of the chimpanzees activity involvedsome sort of bipedal movement, and once again, this behavior appeared to be linkedto a clear attempt to carry as much as possible at one time.答案：CDAEF第6部分：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分) Cell Phone Lets Your Secrets Out2016年职称英语理工A答案Your cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names and numbers that you've programmed into it, ______traces____(51) of your DNA linger (遗留) on the device according to a new study DNA is genetic (遗传的)material _____that_____ (52) appears in every cell.Like your fingerprint, your DNA is _____unique______ (53) to you——unless you have an identical twin. Scientists today analyze DNA in blood, saliva (唾液), or hair left ____behind_______ (54) at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify ____criminals______ (55) and theirvictims. Your cellphone can reveal more about you ____than_____ (56) you mightthink.Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cellphone and later dropped the device_____ (57). This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones 一evenwhen no blood was___involved_____(58). She and colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip-open phones(翻盖手机)of10 volunteers. They used swabs (药签) to collect_____invisible___ (59) traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user ____holds_____(60) it, and the speaker which is placed at the user's earThe scientists cleaned the phones using a solution made mostly__of____(61) alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back for another week. Then theresearchers ___returned________ (62) the phones and cleaned each phone oncemore.The scientists discovered DNA that_____belonged______(63) to the phone's speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, but those swabs alsopicked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also____handed______ (64) the phoneSurprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs thatwere taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won't remove all traces of ___evidence________ (65) from a criminal's device.So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch (确定)a crime-scene investigation. B.pictures C.shapes D.traces52.A.that B.while C.as D.what53.A.mon B.good C.helpful D.unique54.A.behind B.away C.aside D.over55.A.visitors B.travelers C.scientists D.criminals56.A.until B.before C.unless D.than57.A.paper B.document C.device D.file2016年职称英语理工A答案58.A.checked B.involved C.tested D.gathered59.A.invisible B.emotional C.poisonous D.magical60.A.holds B.watches C.drops D.covers61.A.with B.by C.for D.of62.A.collected B.answered C.returned ed63.A.moved B.changed C.belonged D.turned64.A.bought B.repaired C.seen D.handed65.A.smell B.evidence C.sound D.color。
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】中石油职称英语考试2015版通用选读目录1.The Value of Time 时间的价值...................................................................................................................................2.English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言.................................................................................................3.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的... ...........................................................................................................4.How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判（新）..................................................................................work Security 网络安全 ........................................................................................................................................6.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料...................................................................................................................7.Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车 ............................................................................................8.Our Family Creed 家族的信条 ....................................................................................................................................9.The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 ..............................................................................................................10.Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever 清洁能源行业投资热潮 .......................................................................................11.Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌 .................................................................................................................................12.The Positive Meanings of Love 爱的真谛 .................................................................................................................13.Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits?运动有奇效吗?.......................................................................................14..Taking chances，Making chances 抓住机遇，制造机遇.......................................................................................15.The Province of Alberta 阿尔伯达省 ........................................................................................................................16.The American Way: Family 美国人的家庭观 ...........................................................................................................puters Give Big Boosts to Productivity计算机技术极大提高生产效率...........................................................18.The Principles of International Trade国际贸易原理 ................................................................................................19.A World without Oil 假如世界没有石油..................................................................................................................20.The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系.......................................................................................................................21.How Americans Eat and Drink 美国人的饮食 ..........................................................................................................22.The Delights of South Island 南岛之乐 .....................................................................................................................23.A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy 矶鹞带来快乐............................................................................................................24.An Introduction to Distillation 蒸馏概述..................................................................................................................25. Hints to Improve Spoken English 提高英语口语须知.............................................................................................。
2016 年21. I could see from his face that he _____ bad news.A. had receivedB. receivesC. receivedD. has received22. The peasants 【农民】__ their land.A. deprivedB. were deprivedC. deprived ofD. were deprived of 丧失23. He failed his exam, __ proved that he wasn't working hard enough. 非限制性定语A. whatB. whichC. thisD. of which24. So frightened __ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch. 倒装句A. was the girlB. the girl wasC. such a girl wasD. that the girl was25. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately_____ from Marathon to Athens. 同位语A. the distanceB. distanceC. the distance isD. is the distance翻译：奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26 英里，385 码. 大约为马拉松到雅典的距离26. All flights __ because of the heavy storm, we decided totake the train. 完成被动的非谓语动词形式A. having canceledB. being canceledC. having been canceledD. canceled27. He preferred not to _____ with that group.prefer to doidentity oneself with 与⋯打成一片A. identifyingB. identify himselfC. identifyD. being identified himself28. He speaks English, but not __ his sister does.A. as good asB. as well likeC. so well asD. like well as29.My g randma noticed that the girl __ a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl a new sweater.A. was wornB.was wearingC. wearsD. wearing30. Though _____ in New York, Peter had always preferred torecord 【记录】the plain 【平常的，简单的】f acts 【事实，真相】of small town life.动词非谓语A. raised 抚养B. was raisedC. raisingD. raises31. She walked softly __ make any noise.A. as toB. not toC. not so as toD. so as not to ：为了32.It's no use _____ me. I don't know more than you do.A. in askingB.askingC. for me to askD. you ask33. We've bought a new house. We'll move in soon and we needto buy __furniture.A. some otherB. anotherC. otherD. others34. Please have your doctor __ that prescription. 【药方】A. signedB. to sign have sb do sthC. signingD.sign35. A biologist 【生物学家】does not merely 【仅仅】describe 【描述】organisms 【有机物】, but tries to learn __ act as they do.A. what to cause themB. what cause to themC. what causes them toD. causes them to what36."Has he come b ack? .... Yes, he __ back for three days.A. has comeB. had comeC. isD. has been37. Ecology, _____ the relationships between organisms andtheir environments, is also important in petroleum geology.【32 课】同位语A. the study ofB. it studyC. that studyD. studying 翻译：生态学，即研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学，在石油地质中也很重要。
Lesson 11.If our time_____, it will either produce【生产】 some useful and important piece of work.A. was usefully employedB. usefully employsC. is usefully employedD. usefully employed2. Our experience and our capacities enable us to earn money when the proper____ comes.A. operation操作，手术B. protection保护C. rival竞争者，对手D. opportunity机会3._______ time is convertible【可兑换的，可转换的】 into money.A. There can be no doubt that【毫无疑问】B. It can be no doubt thatC. There can be no doubt whetherD. It can be no doubt whether4.Let those_____ think nothing of【不重视】 wasting time remember this;A. thatB. whatC. whomD. who5.All time is precious【宝贵的】; but the time of our childhood and of our youth is____ precious _____of our existence【生存，存在】.A. more than any other portionsB. more than any other portionC. more than any portionD. more than any portions6.____ mostly when you do not know what to do with yourself ____you do something ill or wrong. The mind of the idler preys upon【折磨】 itself.A. It is whoB. It is thatC. This is whenD. This is that7.We can acquire【获得】 knowledge and develop our ___ and capacities【才能】.A. facility设备，容易B. faculties【能力】C. fault缺点，过错D. faith信任，信念8.We are too often indifferent【漠不关心的】 to loss of an hour or of a day, _____that our life is the sum total【总计】 of the days and of the hours we live.A. to forgetB. forgetC. forgottenD. forgettingLesson 21.English muffins【松饼】 weren't invented 【invent:发明】in England ____ French fries in France.A. whileB. notC. eitherD. nor2. I will never come to this restaurant again. The food isterrible. _________A. Nor am IB. Neither will IC. Same with meD. So do I3. We take English for______.A. grantedB. grant同意，补助金C. grand壮丽的，盛大的D. great4. which of the two ties would you like to take?______. You know I am not particular about ties.A. AnyB. NeitherC. BothD. Either5.A guinea pig【天竺鼠】 is neither from Guinea【几内亚】nor____.A. it is a pigB. is it a pigC. is a pigD. a pig it is6.If you have a bunch【束，捆】 of odds and ends 【零碎的东西】and get rid of【去除，除掉】___one of them, what do you call it?A. all over到处B. all right正确的，好C. all at once突然D. all but7.Sometimes I think all the English speakers should _____to an asylum【精神病院】.A. permit允许B.be permittedC. commit托付，犯错D. be committed8.How can the_____ be hot as hell【地狱】 one day and cold as hell another?A. climate气候B. whether是否C. weatherD. client顾客，委托人9. When I _____ my watch, I start it.A. use up用光B. wake up醒来C. wind upD. take up拿起，占据，继续10.Sweetmeats are candies【candy：糖果】 while【而】 sweetbreads, ______aren't sweet, are meat.A. whichB. theseC. thatD. whatLesson 31. Grandpa_________ to water the flowers now. It’s going to rain soon.A isn’t needingB needn’tC doesn’t needD needs2. Have you watered the flower?I don't think this kind of flower need_____ every day.A. waterB. wateringC. be wateredD. being watered3.____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the raceA. IfB. SinceC. ThoughD. When4.__________interesting story it is!A What anB What aC How anD How5.(21.）Put things back ______ you found them.（2010年考题）A. whereB. thatC. whichD. since6.(31.)You __ yourself about money. （2010年考题）A. need not worryB. have worryC. are not being worriedD. needn't be worried7. No matter how old you are, when you go out into the world, it _______ to hold hands and stick together.A. would betterB. had betterC. should betterD. is better8. Goldfish and hamsters all die. ___________.A. So we areB. So we doC. So are weD. So do we9. Think of what a better world _________ if we all had cookies and milk about 3 o’clock every afternoon.A. would it beB. it would beC. will it beD.it will beLesson41. ______wants to succeed【成功】 in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.A. whoeverB. whateverC. whomeverD. whenever2. Yet a euphoric【精神愉快的】 approach【方法】 to business is_____ enough.A.by all means一定B.by means of依靠C.by no means绝不D.by means for3.The attitude【态度】 "time is money" has more_____ on business communication in the US than it does anywhere else.A. discuss讨论B. contain 包含C. evaluate评价D. influence 影响4. Present【介绍】 and market【推销】 your case in a____ way.A. positive积极的B. possible 可能的C. previous以前的D. private私人的5.When doing business in the US, you should take the following considerations【考虑】 into______.A. adventure冒险B. accountC. advice建议D. ambition野心Lesson 51.Internet ______theft【失窃】is a growing—and very costly【昂贵的】—problem.A. identify 识别B. identity【身份】C. identical同一的D. identification鉴定，识别2.All offers ____require payment【付款】 or private information before giving an award【奖品】 are bogus 【假冒的】.A. whatB. whoC. whoseD. that3.Take the time to ____the validity【合法性】 of an offer.A. check out【检查】B. look out 向外看，当心C. make out 理解，填写D. pick out挑选，取出4. Thoroughly【彻底地】 conduct a background【背景】 check【核实】 on the company,_____ as many phone calls and Internet searches as you can.A. madeB. makesC. makingD. make5. If______, visit a local law enforcement【执行】 office and ask their opinion.A. in doubt【怀疑】B.in case 以防C. in conclusion最后，总之D.in detail详细地6.____ people who report such crimes, ____criminals are arrested.【逮捕】A. The more the moreB. The much the muchC. The more the betterD. The much the goodLesson 61. Although recent years have seen _____reductions【减少】 in noxious【有毒的】 pollutants【污染物质】from individual【个人的】 motor vehicles【机动车辆】.A. substantial 大量的B. substance物质C. substitute替换，替代品D. subsequent2.The number of such vehicles ___steadily【稳定地】 increasing.A. have beenB. had beenC. having beenD. has been3. There is a serious liability ____performance and fuel efficiencyA.in time ofB.in case of 万一C. in terms ofD.in honour of 为了纪念4.At a rough estimate【粗略估计】,Nigeria is ____ Great Britian.A. three times as big asB. three times as bigger asC. as three times big asD. as three times bigger as5. Ethanol is commonly used as a gasoline supplement, but it is currently about_____ methanol.A. twice as expensive asB. twice as more expensive asC.as twice more expensive asD.as twice expensive as6.（12.）The number of vehicles has been steadily increasing. _______, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits.【2010年考题】A. Continuously不断地B. Consequently 因此C. Constantly不变地D. Consistently始终如一地7.All of these alternatives【替换物】 are carbon-based fuels _____molecules【分子】 are smaller and simpler than those of gasoline【汽油】.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whose8.The hydrocarbons【碳氢化合物】 they do emit【放出】 are less likely to ______ozone【臭氧】.A. general普遍的，一般的B. generation 产生，一代C. generate产生D. generous慷慨的，大方的9.The combustion【燃烧】 of larger molecules, ____have multiple【多重的】 carbon-carbon bonds involves 【包含】 a more complex【复杂的】 series of reactions.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. who10. Ethanol【乙醇】 is commonly【通常地】 used ___a gasoline supplement【补充】.A. forB.toC.byD.as11.( 27.) Henry and Tom __ to the parties at the Trade Union every Saturday.【2010年考题】A. used to goB. were used to goC. are used to goD. use to go12.Vehicles _____ only the simplest of the engine【发动机】 improvements would still contribute【贡献出】 to an immediate【立即的】 lessening【减少】 of urban air pollution.A. corporate法人的，社团的B. cooperating(cooperate:合作)C. operating（operate：操作，运转）D. incorporating（incorporate:包含，合并）Lesson71. The car will be guided by a differential【差别的】 GPS system that corrects errors【错误】 _____in global positioning satellite【卫星】 signals【信号】.A. arising【出现】B. rise上升C. raise举起，养育D. arouse唤醒2.Further, GM envisions【设想，想象】 a system _____the Mobility Internet.A. callingB. callC. callsD. called3.How much control【控制】 you want to turn over【移交】 to the car may ______your age and where you aregoing.A. depend on【取决于】B. call on 号召，拜访C. come on 快点，前进D. go on继续4. On vacation with the family the driver may want to____ and talk to the kids.A. turn up出现B. turn to求助于C. turn on 打开D. turn around【转身】5. Taking the fun out of the driving is not our main goal—we'd like to help people enjoy______.A. to driveB. driveC. drivesD. driving6.But they should make the _____if they want to drive or press the autopilot【自动驾驶仪】 button【按钮】. "A. decision【决定】B. decideC. departure 离开D. departLesson 81. They are the principles, many of them,____ I learned at my mother's knee.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how2. They are the principles【原则，准则】 on which my wife and I have tried to _____our family.A. bring down降价B. bring about造成C. bring forth提出D. bring up 教育3. The question is not worth _____again and again.A. discussB. discussingC.to discussD.to be discussed4. Only then ___ how much damage had been caused.A. she realizedB. she had realizedC. had she realizedD. did she realize5. Only in this way_____ English well.A. can we learnB. we can learnC. we learn canD. that we can learn6. that right can and will triumph【战胜，击败】___might【权利】.A. uponB. onC. overD. offLesson 91.______ he was late, he was not criticized【批评】 by the teacher．A. Even thoughB. Even ifC. As if好像D.As though好像2. The need for____ public speaking will almost certainly touch you sometime in your life.A. efficient效率高的B. efficientlyC. effectivelyD.effective有效的3. You ____a big step toward overcoming【战胜】 stage fright if you ____positively.A. take, thinkB. will take, will thinkC. take, will thinkD. will take, think4. The training is____ for every type of communication.A.valueless没有价值的B. invaluableC.worthless无价值的D. inworth5.This is the most interesting film ___ I’ve ever seen.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when6.（25. ）Gorillas are quiet animals, ______ they are able to make about twenty different sounds.（2010年考题）A. howB. in spite of虽然，尽管+名词C. even thoughD. because of因为+名词7. In conversation, almost without thinking about it, you ___a wide range【一系列】 of skills.A. employB. explore勘探C. empty倒空D. explode爆炸8. You___ to【适应于】 feedback【反馈】 from your listener.A. adopt收养，采纳B. adjust调节C. adaptD. admit承认9.Listeners____ negatively【消极地】 to speeches loaded with【使装满】 slang【俚语】,jargon【行话】,and bad grammar.A. actB. contact接触C. react【反应】D. interact相互作用10. One of the major concerns【担心，焦虑】 of students in any speech class___ stage fright【怯场】.A. areB. isC. wasD. were11. Your speech class will give you an opportunity【机会】 to gain confidence【信心】 and make your nervousness work for you _____against you.A. more than超过，多于B. other than 除了C. less than小于D. rather than【而不】12. The interaction【相互作用】 of these seven elements is ___determines【决定】the outcome【结果】in any instance【情况】of speech communication.A. whatB. thatC. howD. which13.（5.） The speaker is the person who _____ a speech transaction.A. initial最初的B. initiates 开始v.C. initiatives主动权D. initiation开始n.【2011年考题】Lesson 101.The clean-energy business is turning into【成为】 the next big ______ boom【繁荣】.A. invitationB. introductionC. investigationD. investment【投资】2.The Governor【州长】 is a hero【英雄】 in green circles _____his enthusiasm【热情】 for environmental 【环境的】 regulation【规章】.A. because ofB. becauseC. instead ofD. instead代替3.But clean-energy advocates【提倡者】_____growth is sustainable【可持续的】 because of the likes of Mr. Schwarzenegger.A. insist【坚决认为】B. inspect 检查C. inquire询问D. injure伤害4.Such exaggeration【夸张】 might remind people _____the dotcom【网站】bubble【泡影】.A. forB. ofC. aboutD. with5.About ______of those present【出席的】, one visitor happily observed【观察】, were "check-writers".A. three-quarterB. quarter-threeC. three-quartersD. quarters-three6.This "megatrend【大趋势】", the keynote【主旨】 speaker advocated【提倡】, "may be the biggest job and wealth-creation _____of the 21st century."A. occasion机会B. occupation职业C. opportunity【机会】D. optimism乐观7.Fuel cells【电池】 running on hydrogen【氢】 will _____the internal combustion engine【内燃机】.A. take the place of【代替】B. take part in参加C. take into account考虑D. take care of照顾Lesson 111.This is roughly the ____of 4,195 cigarettes a year for every person in the country of 18years of age or more.A. equipment设备B. balanced平衡的C. identical完全一致的D. equivalent相等的2. Since 1939, numerous scientific studies __ to determine whether smoking is a health hazardA. have been conductedB. have conductedC. conductedD. were conducted3. China is a _____ country.A. developB. developmentC. developingD. developed4. Male cigarette Smokers have a higher death ____ from heart disease than non-smoking males.A. rat老鼠B. rateC. priceD. evidence证据5. They can only marginally reduce, not eliminate the ___.A. tobaccoB. healthC. illness疾病D. hazard6.Tobacco【烟草，烟叶】 smoking, particularly【特别】 cigarette smoking, is associated___【联系】 shortened life expectancy【平均寿命】.A.toB.byC. withD.as7.Chemical pesticides【杀虫剂】___now ____by farmers in vast quantities【数量】 to destroy insects and small animals.A. are being usedB. are usingC. are usedD. are being using8. Current research indicates a ___ relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat.A. causalB. casualC. causeD. caseLesson121. We’d like to share some of the _____ meanings love has for us.A. preference偏爱B. preparation 准备C. possible 可能的D. positive 积极的2.I’m _______ of the many sides of the other person--not just the beautiful side but also the limitations【局限，限制】.A. wareB. welfareC. awareD. care3. Love means that I _____ the welfare【幸福，福利】of the person I love.A. carry on 经营，继续B. come up 发生，出现C. care about关心D. count on 依靠，依赖4. I hope you will become all_____ you can become.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who5. In a love relationship there are times ____I am bored.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. what6._______, love comes into an imperfect world to make it possible to live.A. In another wordsB. In other words【换句话说】C. In othersD. In another7. Love involves seeing the______ within the person we love.A. position位置B. production生产C. practice 练习D. potential潜力Lesson131.“It’s clear that the brain ______ from exercise.”A. benefitsB. beneficial 有益的C. believeD. broadcast广播2.Vigorous【精力充沛的】physical exercise【体育运动】provides the brain _____ more fuel.A. toB. towardsC.atD. with3.Inactivity may also have ______ effects on mind and body alike.A. positive积极的B. negative【消极的，否定的】C. necessary必要的D. complete完整的4.Skill-based exercise increases the formation【结构】of connections【连接】in the brain,______ , according to the proposals【建议】of some scientists.A. thatB. whatC. whoD. which5.And if the dance is a good physical exercise _____, the benefits multiply【相乘，增加】.A. as wellB. tooC. eitherD. alsoLesson 141.She saved what little money she could ____as a scullery maid.A. workB. to workC. workingD. worked2. My dear lady." he replied,"___ you never __an opportunity?"A. have receivedB. did receiveC. will receiveD. had received3.My dear lady, I will give you an ____today. I want you to write me a letter about the brick."A. assign v.分配B. assistant 助手C.assignmentD. assist v.帮助4.She sent __document【文件】 about the brick in her kitchen and, to her surprise, she receiveda letter back.A. a 36 pagesB. a 36-pagesC. a 36 pageD. a 36-page5. Although he___ in that city for 15 years, he, in 2006,returned to Paris.Ａ. lived B. has livedC. would liveD. had lived6. She soon quit【辞去】 her kitchen job to ____writing.A. take part in 参加B. take in 欺骗，上当，理解C. take effect 生效D. take up7. If ___a chance, will you take it?A. givesB. givingC. will giveD. givenLesson 151.Alberta _______the western part of Canada.A.locatesB. locates inC. is located inD. located in2.With an area of approximately 255,212 square miles,____ to 661,000 square kilometers.A.equivalentB. equalC. sameD. identical3.China is larger than ______ in Asia.A. any other countriesB. any other countryC. some other countryD. some other countries4. The third largest city is Lethbridge,___ a population of about 67,000 persons.A.to haveB. hadC. havingD. have5. In winter, it is___ colder and in the north, the temperature can drop to 20 degrees belowzero.A. moreB. manyC. mostD. much6.It has a population【人口】 of only 3.26 million, about ____of the population of Shanghai.A.one fifthB.one fiveC. fifth oneD. first fifth7. The____ in Alberta is pleasant, particularly【特别，尤其】 in summer, when the average 【平均的】 temperature is about 60 degrees Fahrenheit【华氏温标】.A. weatherB. temperatureC. climateD. season8. Many tourists are attracted【吸引】 to the first____ skiing ground at the resorts【度假胜地】 of Banff【班夫】 and Jasper【嘉思帕】.A. ateB. rateC. reality 现实D. reaction反应Lesson 161.“Please pass the turkey and dressing【调味品】.” What does this sim ple ______ make you think about?A. represent代表B. replace代替C. request【请求，要求】D. respect尊敬2. A nuclear family ____a husband and wife and their children.A. listens toB. turns to转向，求助于C. refers to【谈及】D. occurs to发生3. Several_____ may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live under one roof.A. generations【一代人】B. competitions比赛C. contributions贡献D. destination目的地4. _______ fearing Mom and Dad, children may think of them as good friends.A. Instead ofB. instead 相反C. inform of将…告知D. inform5.Social pressures【压力】 are ______ more and more American homes.A. break into闯入B. break down失败，损坏C. break out爆发D. breaking apart【使…分裂开】6. Oh, and ____ thing: be thankful for each other. If you have a family，every day should be Thanksgiving.A. more oneB.one anotherC. first moreD. one moreLesson171.The _____ report is a wide-ranging【广泛的】 look at the role that information technology plays in the economy【经济】.A.69-pagesB. 69 pageC. 69-pageD.69 pages2.The study was done by a year-old research organization, the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation,_____ work is supported【支持】 by companies like I.B.M.A. whoseB. whichC. whoD. what3.Health care providers must increasingly【越来越多地】____modern computing tools.A. adapt 改编B. adopt采用C. afford 负担得起D. argue 争论4.The services sector，which ______80 percent of the American work force【劳动力】，is expected to generate【引起，产生】 most of the new jobs in the future.A. employsB. employmentC. employeeD. employer5.The policy issue【问题】 is how do you get digital【数字的】______in these other sectors.A. transformB. translate翻译C. translationD. transformation【转化】Lesson181. There are several reasons _____ international trade exists【存在】.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. what2. International trade is the _____of goods【商品】and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another country.A. exist存在B. excuse 原谅C. expense花费D. exchange【交换】3. In the cultivation【培育】of natural products climate plays a ______ role.A．decision决定 B．delicate 微妙的C．deposit 储蓄 D．decisive【决定性的】4. The theory of comparative advantage, also called the comparative ______theory.A. cost【成本】B. costly昂贵的C. copy抄写D. correct 正确的5. The paradox【似非而是的论点】 is best _____ by this traditional example.A. illustrated【说明】B. illustrationC. imagine想象D. imagination6. Insurance is another service ___which some nations specialize.A. atB. onC. forD. in7. During the winter, the Bahamas _____ large numbers of tourists【旅游者】.A. distractB. distraction分心C. attractionD. attract【吸引】Lesson 191.There is an old English saying,"___ is the mother of invention.A. necessary 必须的B. needC. NecessityD. necessarily2. Surplus sugar cane could _____ produce energy.A.be used asB. be used toC.be used forD.be used in作为 to do for doing 地点3. Scientists ___that the world's known oil resources will run out early in the next century.A. predictB. prefer 喜欢C. precede领先D. prepare准备4. Recently protein feeds for animals _____by growing yeast in a petroleum based stock.A. has been developedB. have been developedC. has developedD. have developed5. Have you ever stopped to think how your life would change if the world _____ out of oil?A. ranB. runC. has runD. had run6. As you head for your bus, train or car, ____ use petroleum products in the form of fuel to move them.A. all of whichB. all of themC. all of thatD. all of theyLesson 201.______this story, long ago all people spoke the same language.A. add up to 总计达B.as to 至于，关于C. appeal to 呼吁D. According to2. The Scandinavian languages of Danish【丹麦语】,Icelandic【冰岛语】,Norwegian【挪威语】,and Swedish【瑞典语】____the North Germanic grouping.A. compress 压缩B. compromise妥协C. compute计算D. comprise3. Being able to communicate with others in this far-reaching linguistic group will offer the user____ benefits.A. measure测量B. measurement测量法C. measurable可测量的D. immeasurable4. More than one-third of the world's economic production _______in these countries, too.A. originatesB. origin n.起源C. original a.最初的，原始的D. orientation n.方向5. The same is true, of course, for ____ who want to learn Dutch or Danish from an Englishor German background.A. thatB. theseC. thisD. those6.German【德语】,_____ just over 100,000,000 people, is one of the world's ten-largest languages in terms of population.A. talked byB. talks byC. spoken byD. speaks by7.Though these languages cannot be easily understood among their different speakers, the similarities【类似，相似】 in vocabulary are____.【显著的，突出的】A.strikingB. strike打，击，罢工C. string细绳，线D. striving (strive努力)8.Speakers and writers of the Germanic languages ____for a great deal of the world's output 【产品】 in everything from economics【经济】 to literature【文学】 to military【军事】 to science and technology.【2010年考题】A. accountB. allow允许C. apply申请D. arrange安排Lesson 211.Inside the USA anybody of any age or income can drink it without embarrassment on any ____.A. occasional偶然的B. occupation职业C. occurrence事件，发生D. occasion场合，时机2. Cola drinks contain caffeine from the kola nut and are the only soft drinks which are stimulating ____refreshing.A.as long as只要B. as well as 也，又C.as good as和…一样D.as soon as 一…就3. Americans __ a lot of alcohol in the form of cocktails.A. consume消耗，消费B. swallow吞，咽C. dispose处理，处置D. exhaust用尽，耗尽4. While he was in the office, he preferred __ something __nothing.A. to do, to doB. to do, doingC. doing, to doD. doing, to doing5. Service in restaurants and coffee shops is _____and friendly.A. efficiency效率B. effect作用，结果C. effective有效的D. efficient效率高的6.Many American families pride themselves ____ their cooking, and have deep freezers, where they store【储藏】 food.A. onB. ofC. inD. at7.There ___supermarkets in the USA since the 1930s,and they have now spread【散布】 througha large part of the world.A. has beenB. have beenC. areD. is8.（11.） Whereas outside the USA, Coke tends to be a young person's drink, inside the USA anybody of any age can drink it on any _____ without embarrassment.【2011年考题】A. choice选择B. occasion时刻，场合C. occupation职业D. occurrence发生出现9.（12.） The waiters will refill your coffee cup several times for no extra _____【2011年考题】A. expand扩大B. offer提供C. price价格D. charge附加费，费用Lesson 221. One of the odder coincidences of physical geography is the fact____ there are two double islands, roughly the same size.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where2. North Island in New Zealand sports a balmy climate and the beaches to _____it.A. make fun of 取笑B. make sure 确信C. make sense 有意义D. make use of使用，利用3. Some of the world's best mountain scenery is available within the____ long chain of theSouthern Alps.A. 500-kilometersB.500-kilometerC. 500-kilometers’D. 500 kilometer4. Its temperate【温和的】_____sees little snow except in the highlands and mountainous areas.A. climateB. weatherC. placeD. scene5. And for those who would rather _____at home or in an office in front of a computer screen.A.to stayB. stayingC. staysD. stay6.Some of the world's best mountain _____is available【可见的】 within the 500-kilometer long chain of the Southern Alps.【2010年考题】A. sceneB. sceneryC. scarce缺乏的，罕见的D. scare恐吓，感到害怕7. The fresh air is sometimes humid【潮湿的】 from the____ rainfall of this area.【2010年考题】A. numerous很多的B. abundant大量的，充足的C. plenty充分地（adv.）D. substantive真实的8. As fewer people ____South Island than on North Island, those who crave【渴望】 solitude 【独居】 and pristine【原始的】 beaches will be amazed【吃惊】 at their luck here.A. live onB. live in 住在某地C.live through经历过D.live up to实行，履行Lesson 231.She was building a sandcastle or something and _____，her eyes as blue as the sea.A. look after 照顾B. look forward to期望C. looked up向上看，查找D. look down upon轻视2. I thought I saw her mother on the porch【走廊】 and felt like ____she keep her childat home.A.to demandB. demandingC. demandedD. demand要求3. I'm afraid I allowed her ____you. If she was a nuisance, please, accept my apologies.”A. to botherB. botherC. botheringD. bothered4. The ___little picture is framed now and hangs in my study.A. precise精确的B. previous 先前的C. premier首要的D. precious宝贵的5. A gift from a child with sea-blue eyes and hair the color sand-____ taught me the giftof love.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who6. I was____; my life seemed completely【完全地】out of balance【平衡】.A. depend依靠依赖B. depression n.沮丧C. depressedD. dependent依靠的，依赖的7. The ever-changing balm【芳香】 of the seashore ____ me.A. awaited vt.B. waited vi.C. awoke(awake醒着的,唤醒)D. woke(wake唤醒)Lesson 241. A complete refining installation must include all necessary__.A. facultiesB. fragmentsC. facilitiesD. fairlyfacility n.设备, 工具faculty n.才能, 本领, 能力, 全体教员,fragment n.碎片, 片段 fairly adv.公正地, 公平地2. Petroleum refining is the ____of petroleum into fractions.A. separationB. separate v.C. September九月D. separately adv.3. Refining petroleum is a ______series of steps.A. complete完整的B. component成分C. complex复杂的D. complain抱怨4. As the demand for gasoline increased, distillation could no longer supply the necessary_______.A. qualities质量B. qualifications资格C. quarters一刻钟D. quantities数量5. Steam distillation will yield a better quality____.A. produceB. product（工业）C. productionD. producer6. Most petroleum products, including kerosenes【煤油】,fuel oils, lubricating oils【润滑油】,and waxes【石蜡】,are fractions of petroleum that _____ to remove【去除】 undesirable 【不需要的】 components【成分】.A. has been treatedB. have been treated。
高级技师英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The meeting will be held ________ next week.A. some timeB. sometimesC. some timesD. some time答案：A2. The company has ________ sales offices around the world.A. a large number ofB. the number ofC. a great deal ofD. a great many答案：A3. The new policy will ________ the employees.A. benefitB. effectC. affectD. infect答案：A4. The machine is ________ to operate.A. easyB. easilyC. simpleD. simply答案：A5. The project was ________ due to a lack of funds.A. postponedB. postponed toC. put offD. put off to答案：C6. The manager was ________ to the proposal.A. oppositeB. opposite toC. opposedD. opposed to答案：D7. The ________ of the bridge is expected to be completed by the end of the year.A. constructionB. constructC. constructiveD. constructively答案：A8. The ________ of the product is very important in the market.A. qualityB. quantityC. equalityD. equity答案：A9. The ________ of the company has been declining recently.A. productivityB. profitabilityC. capabilityD. feasibility答案：B10. The ________ of the experiment was successful.A. executionB. performanceC. operationD. implementation答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ of the new software will be announced at the conference.答案：launch2. The ________ of the project is scheduled for next month.答案：completion3. The ________ of the factory has been delayed due to technical issues.答案：expansion4. The ________ of the product is crucial for its success.答案：design5. The ________ of the company is expected to increase in the next quarter.答案：profit6. The ________ of the team is essential for the project's success.答案：collaboration7. The ________ of the new policy will have a significant impact on the industry.答案：implementation8. The ________ of the report is due next week.答案：submission9. The ________ of the meeting room is limited.答案：capacity10. The ________ of the company has been growing steadily.答案：revenue三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）阅读以下短文，并回答问题。
石油人中石油职称英语等级考试第41--50课练习题Lesson 411.The main objective【目的】in producing chemicals from petroleum is the ____ of a variety of chemical compounds. A. formation形成 B.fundamental基本的C. fountain喷泉D. friction摩擦，冲突2. Petrochemicals are generally chemical ______ derived from petroleum.A. compounds化合物B. complex复杂的C. combined组合的D. complicated复杂的3. Natural gas is quite ____ in composition【成分】.A.visible可见的B.violent暴力的C.vertical垂直的D.variable易变的4. It is likely ____in excess【超过】of 90% of chemicals employed today are derived【源于】 from these sources.A.whichB. thatC.whatD.when5.The costs of the reactant【反应的】equipment【设备】,must also be taken into____.A.consider v.考虑B.considerable可观的，相当多的C.considerate体贴的D.consideration考虑6.The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry and is considered by some to be a____industry.A.nature大自然B.measure测量C.mature【成熟的】D.temperature温度7.The ____ of materials such as petrochemicals is used to indicate【表明】 the source of the chemical compounds.A.classification【分类】B.classify分类C.indication指示D.indicate指示，指出Lesson 421. I suggest you _____the mind and body you've been given asa real asset【资产】.A.to think aboutB.thinking aboutC.have thought aboutD.think about考虑2.Buffett told his audience you only get one shot at life and told about _____ his first car at age 16.A.looking for寻找B.heading for出发，前往C.longing for渴望D.making for前往3. "Dr. Angelou is truly a _____ woman.A. philosophy哲学B. phenomenon现象C. phenomenal杰出的D. physical物理学的，身体的4. Morgan was born and _____in Omaha in an area that was served by Girls Inc.A.rised升起B.arised出现，呈现C.reigned统治D. raised养育，抚养5. Girls Inc.,whose board【董事会】 is headed by Buffett'sdaughter,Susie,who ____ the auction idea.A.came up with提出B.came up to 符合，达到C.came up against碰到，遭遇D.came up走近6. （19）. The company owns a large number of _______ stores.【2010年考题】A. export出口B. bargain特价商品C. retail零售D. trade贸易Lesson 431.Don't ____ about the snow on your neighbor's roof," said Confucius【孔子】.A.conceive构想/doc/1116640360.html,plain抱怨/doc/1116640360.html,plaint抱怨 n./doc/1116640360.html,pile收集2.He not only ____ but he wrote letters and poems ridiculing 【嘲笑，戏弄】 people.A.criticized批评B.recognized认出C.initiated开始/doc/1116640360.html,anized组织3. What would Lincoln do if he ____ in my shoes?A.isB.wasC.areD. were 虚拟4.He was opposed to dueling,but he couldn't ____ it and save his honor.A.think highly of高度评价B.take charge of控制，掌管C.get out of摆脱D.get hold of抓住5. I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and ___all of three years to writing and rewriting【改写】 a book.A.deposited存放，沉淀B.derived源于C.designed设计D.devoted奉献，投身6.On the morning of April 15,1865,Abraham Lincoln lay【lie】_____in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house【招待所】.A.dieB.dyingC.diedD.death7.One of these letters_____ resentments【怨恨】 that burned for a lifetime.A.arouse d【引起，激发】B.around周围C.rose(rise)上升D.raised(raise)举起，抚养8. Shields,______ and proud【骄傲的】,boiled with indignation 【愤怒】.A.sensitive【敏感的】B.sensible明智的C.sense感觉D.sensor传感器Lesson 441. American pencil makers ______ their product by the millions.A. turn out生产，制造B. turn down关小，拒绝C. make of用..做成D. make out填写2. It appears that the lead pencil is here to stay. At least _____business and industry,educational【教育的】 institutions 【机构】 and the U.S. Government continue.A. as soon as一…就B. as long as 只要C. as much as差不多D. as far as直到，至于3.The modern long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in length.A. 7-inchedB. 7-inchC. 7-inchsD. 7-inches4.It was not until many years later ___ American pencils began to sell as well as European brands.A.whenB.whatC.whichD.that5.The lead pencil is the simplest,most____ and least expensive of all writing instruments【工具】.A.convention习俗，惯例B.conversation谈话C.convenient方便的D.conversion转化6.There is even a special electric【电的】 pencil ___for tests _____by electronic【电子的】 machines./doc/1116640360.html,ed checking/doc/1116640360.html,ing checked/doc/1116640360.html,ed checked/doc/1116640360.html,ing checking7. Any legal document which does not ____ otherwise can be legally signed in pencil.A.specify【指定】B.species种类C.specific明确的D.specification说明书，规格8.Two slats were glued together with the lead between. Themethod _____ still _____today.A.was usedB.is usedC.was being usedD.is being used9. (2.) The modem 7-inch long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in_____ 【2011年考题】A. gap间隔，差距B. interval间隔时间C. length长度，距离D. distance距离10.( 6.) Never one to _____ second best, John tried his best to solve the problem.【2011年考题】A. admit承认B. accept接受C. convince使相信D. receive收到Lesson 451.The income of high school dropouts is about __ that of Americans with a high school diploma.A. two-thirdB. two-thirdsC. second-thirdD. two-three2.Being able to save and accumulate __ wealth is not automatic 【自动的】.A. conscious有意识的B. considerate 体贴的C. considerable相当多的D. careful 仔细的3.Few people who __ of high school will be rich.A. check in登记，报道B. drop out退出C. check out检查，核对D. run down耗尽4.We do not necessarily【必要地】recommend【建议】that all people ____ a pure and joyless【不快乐】 life.A.would leadB.ledC. should leadD. to lead 虚拟5.From our____,becoming rich is really a matter of choice.A.personality个性B.permission允许C.petroleum石油D.perspective观点6.（20.）The cost of self-education has fallen with the multitude of sources of knowledge and information _______ on CD-ROMs and the Internet.【2010年考题】A. preferable更好的B. ready准备好的C. available可用的，可得到的D. considerable相当多的7. A professional【专业的】degree【学位】will ____an average annual【每年的】 income of about twice that of college graduates 【毕业生】.A.result from 由…产生B.rely on依赖，依靠C.refer to 提及D.result in【导致】8. （13.）A professional degree will __ an average annual income of about twice that of college graduates.【2011考题】A. feel like想要 B. result in导致C. hold on等一等，坚持D. keep to遵守，坚持9.（ 8.） The suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the ___of the customers.【2011年考题】A. expanse广阔的区域B. spend度过，花费 v.C. warrant保证，担保D. expense花费，消费 n.at the expense of:以..为代价Lesson 461.The statement that oil originated in the sea is __ by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfield of the world.A. conformed遵守B. confirmed证实C. confined限制D. confessed承认2.The oil under the surface of the earth ______ in the distant past.A. manufactured制造B. generated 产生C. originated起源于D. estimated估计3.The costs may be so high that no company will ______ the work。
2015年技师、高级技师英语考试公开试题答案翻译2015年技师、高级技师英语考试公开试题请将下列句子翻译成汉语：1. Our vision: inexhaustible无穷无尽的contributions贡献, clean energyand create a better life. 我们的愿景:清洁能源取之不尽的贡献,并创建一个更好的生活 2. Our development principles: cooperation, sustainable growth,differentiation. 我们的发展原则:合作、可持续发展、差异化。
3. Health, Safety and Environment System. 健康、安全和环境系统。
4. The first is safety, the second is work. 首先是安全,其次是工作。
5. We get everything in order before we leave. 在我们离开之前，我们把一切都整理好6. The crude oil原油 reserve储备is great. The output is high. 原油储量大。
输出高7. Don't use that agitator . ['?d??te?t?] It doesn't work, please use thisone instead! 不要使用搅拌器。
它不工作,请用这个吧! 8. Please circulate ['s??kj?le?t] 使循环and then wire line钢丝绳survey [s?'ve?]!请循环然后（钢丝绳）测量!9. He works as a driller ['dril?] in this crew [kru?] 队，组. 在这个队,他是一个钻工10. Cut off the electricity and make the motor stop. It's too warm. 切断电力,使电/doc/3ee47bbb0b4c2e3f5627638c.html机停止。
以下78 个中英文句子，A.B.C.分别代表它们的难易程度。
（A）易(24 ) (B) 较易(31) （C）较难(23)A1. 海油公司愿景：贡献不竭，清洁能源，创造美好生活Our vision: inexhaustible contributions, clean energy and create a better life.2. 公司发展原则：合作，稳健，差异化Our development principles: cooperation, sustainable growth, differentiation3. 海油精神：爱岗敬业，求实创新Corporate spirit: Be dedicated, effective and innovative 4. HSE管理体系:即健康、安全与环境管理体系Health, Safety and Environment System5. 安全第一、工作第二。
The first is safety, the second is work.6. 海油已有24名高技能人才被派送德国学习交流。
24 high skilled talents have been sent to Germany to study.7. 中海石油海上工程公司China Offshore Oil Marine Engineering Corporation8. 我们在离开井场之前,把一切都收拾好。
We get everything in order before we leave.9. 必须再检查一下安全措施。
The safety precaution must be re-inspected.10. 原油储量大, 产量高。
The crude oi1 reserve is great. The output is high. 11.不要用那台搅拌机,它坏了,请用这个!Don't use that agitator. It doesn't work, please use this one instead!12. 请把钻台冲洗一下,准备下20"套管!Please wash and clean the drill floor to run in hole with 20″casings!13. 请循环泥浆,然后进行吊测!Please circulate and then wire line survey!14. 他在这个队当司钻。
He works as a driller in this crew.15. 我们用那个开关控制马达We use that switch to control this motor.16. 停电!把这个马达停下来,它太热了!Cut off the electricity and make the motor stop. It's too warm.17. 你们怎么启动这些柴油机?How do you start these engines?18. 明天上午会议室人多吗?Will there be many people in the meeting room tomorrow morning?19. 今天夜里可能很冷,请用锅炉供气好吗?It will be cold tonight, will you please use boiler to provide with steam?20. 我们的前景很好。
0ur future will be wonderful21. 我很荣幸被邀在这里工作。
It’s an honor for me to be asked to work here.22. 你是什么时候开始当司钻的?When did you begin to work as a driller?23. 停电有多久了?How 1ong has the electricity been off?24. 谁来接替保养工作?Who will be taking over the maintenance work?B1. 1982年2月15日中国海洋石油总公司在北京正式成立。
In February 15th1982 China National offshore Oil Corporation was formally established in Beijing.2. 公司经营范围：石油勘探，开发生产和销售。
The scope of our corporations: oil exploration, development production and marketing3. 公司经营理念：以人为本，担当责任，和合双赢，诚实守信，改革创新Corporate philosophy: people-orientation, responsibilities, win-win benefits, credibility, innovation4. 2013初中国海油成功收购加拿大尼克森公司。
At the beginning of 2013 CNOOC completed the acquisition of the Canadian energy company Nexen.5. 2010年12月中国海油在国内海域的油气产量突破5千万吨。
In December 2010 China CNOOC exceeded 50million tons of the annual oil and gas production in domestic waters.6. 中国海油总公司从2004年开始每两年举办一届中海油职业技能大赛CNOOC holds the occupation skills contest once every two years since 20047. 1947年美国在墨西哥海湾钻成世界第一口海上油井, 开启了石油工业挺进海洋的时代.In 1947 American drilled the world’s first offshore well in the Gulf of Mexico and opened the oil industry into the era of ocean.8. 中央企业技术能手享受国务院政府特殊津贴。
The central enterprise technology experts approve to receive the state council special allowance.9. 近十年来石油工业有了很大的进步。
There have been great advances in petroleum industry in the past ten years.10. 到去年年末,我们已经组建了18个钻井队。
By the end of last year, we had formed eighteen drilling teams.11. 昨天他告诉我,比尔先生将当技师。
Yesterday he told me that Mr. Bill would be a tool pusher.12. 我们应当使自己熟悉这项先进技术。
We should acquaint ourselves with this advanced technique.13. 更多的新技术将由这些青年的工程师掌握。
More new techniques will be mastered by these young engineers.14. 为祖国生产石油是我们的责任。
It's our duty to produce much oil for our motherland.15. 今后还要发展更多的新技术。
More new techniques will be developed in the future. 16. 现在在采取什么措施提高原油产量?What measures are being taken to increase output of crude oil?17. 清洗钻机和钻台需要30分钟。
It will take thirty minutes to clean the draw works and drill floor.18. 在这个井场有这么多我们要看和学习的东西。
There are so many things for us to see and study in this well site.19. 润滑油的工作温度必须每小时测量一次.The working temperature of the lubricating oil must be measured every hour.20. 这些开关用来控制泵房的灯。
These switches are for controlling the lights in the pump house.21. 从柴油机烟囱里冒出来的黑色烟团正在污染我们的空气。
The black masses of smoke puffing out of the engine chimneys are polluting our air.22. 这个电路的电压比其它电路的电压高得多。
The voltage of this circuit is much higher than that of the other one.23这根钢丝绳的长度是那根的三分之一。
This piece of wire line is three times shorter than that one.24. 我认识你们正在谈论的那位钻井技师。
I know the drilling tool pusher whom you are talking about.25. 中国是第一个钻天然气井的国家,这一事实我们都知道。
We all know the fact that the first country to drill gas wells was China.26. 我们对计算结果核对再核对,免得其中有错误。
We checked and rechecked the results of the calculations lest there should be any mistakes in them.27. 这台设备很重,如果不用吊车就无法挪动。
The equipment is so heavy that it can't be moved without using a crane.28. 除了我之外还有很多人想参观你们的研究中心。
