五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考情分析情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中占的比重一直比较稳定，每年总有一至两个题，可以单独考查，也可以结合虚拟语气考查。

命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查考生对情态动词的理解和掌握，难度也保持较为稳定的趋势。

其考点主要包括：1.考查情态动词的基本用法。

如：can 和could 的用法及区别；will 和would 的用法及区别；must 的用法；shall 用于不同人称时的用法和should 的各种用法；need 的用法等。

2.考查情态动词的“推测”功能。

如：can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推测，使用时要注意以下几点：(1)注意语气。

语气较强用must, cannot，couldn't; 语气较弱用may，might 或can，could; (2)注意句式。

在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must; 在否定句、疑问句中常用can，could; (3)注意时态。

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时通常用“情态动词＋动词原形”结构；表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测，通常用“情态动词＋进行体”结构；表示对过去情况的推测，通常用“情态动词＋完成体”结构。

3.考查情态动词的特殊用法。

如：(1)cannot/can't 与too/over/enough/perfectly/sufficiently 等词连用，意为“ 越…… 越……”“ 无论怎样……，……也不为过”“决不会……，……够(过)”。

(2)cannot wait to do sth 意为“急于做某事”。

(3)would 和used to 的区别；can 和be able to 的区别。

(4)“may/might well＋动词原形”意为“理应，有足够的理由”；“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“还不如，不妨，还是……的好”。

(5)must 意为“偏要，硬要”；can 用在肯定句中，可以表示客观上的可能性；shall 用在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等；should 表示估计或推测上的“应该”，意为“可能，该，估计，按理应当”；will 可以表示习惯性和倾向性，意为“惯于，老是，终归是”等。

2010高考英语情态动词全解析2010高考英语情态动词全解析一、何谓“情态动词”？情态动词主要用表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。

情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。

二、情态动词的特点1没有人称和数的变化。

2 有些情态动词有过去式的变化:eg ill → uld , an → uld ,a→ ight , dare → dared三、情态动词的否定形式情态动词+ nt +动词原形an nt: an’t , ust nt: ustn’t , need nt : needn’t四、情态动词的用法及相互间的区别（注意：这是常考的考点）1 an , be able t be able t 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able t 有多种形式的变化。

an1) 表示体力或脑力方面的能力;2) 表示允许、可能性。

uld 是an的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。

1) The fire spread thrugh the htel ver quil but everne ____ get utA had tB uld uld D as able t2) -ill u sta fr lunh?-Srr, __ brther is ing t see eA I ustn’tB I an’t I needn’t D I n’t2a 表示询问或说明一事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。

ight是a的过去式; 用在疑问中比a委婉、客气。

1) -a I tae this b ut f the reading-r?-N, u ustn’t ( es, u a)2) -ight I ae a suggestin? -es, u a3 ust1) 表示必须要做的事: 必须2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。

【十年高考】2005-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气〖05全国Ⅰ〗Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A.wouldn’t C.needn’t D.may not〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查情态动词。

〖解析〗wouldn’t用以提示客气的请求；mustn’t表示禁止, 不允许；needn’t表示没必要；may not表示不可以。

根据语境要求Tom不许把衣服放在地板上。

〖05全国Ⅲ〗John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a lateA.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查情态动词的用法。

〖解析〗must在此处显示出说话人的不快, 有“难道非要”的意思。

〖05北京〗He have compl eted his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.should C.wouldn’t D.can’t〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查情态动词表猜测的用法。

〖解析〗由句意“他一定是已经完成工作了；否则, 他就不会在海边玩得那么高兴。

”可知是对过去发生事情的肯定推测。

〖05上海〗There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you haveA.m ustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t〖答案〗C〖考点〗本题考查情态动词的用法。

〖解析〗句意为：因为你在驾校已经训练了这么多, 通过路考一定没有什么困难。

本句中表达出劝慰对方的语气。

mustn’t表示“禁止, 不允许”, 表示警告或命令; shan’t表示“将不会”；shouldn’t表示据情况推测“理应……”；needn’t表示“不必……”。

2010-2014情态动词和虚拟语气高考真题2010年高考真题1. (10全国I 29) Just be patient. You ______ expect the world to change so soon.A. can’tB. needn’tC. may notD. will not2. (10全国Ⅱ) I’m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He’s busy.A. ca n’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’t D .needn’t3. (10重庆21) You ______ park here! It’s an emergency exit.A. wouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t4. (10江西23) I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?A. MustB. CanC. MayD. Will5. (10辽宁26) Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it ___ be regular exercise.A. canB. willC. mustD. may6. (10安徽32) Jack described his father, who ___a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willedman.A. would beB. would have beenC. must beD. must have been7.〔10湖南23〕You _______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. mustB. mustn’tC. have toD. don’t have to8.(10陕西23) –May I take this book out of the reading room?--No, you ____. You read it in here.A. mightn’tB. won’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t9. (10山东25) I _______ have watched that movie----it’ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t10. (10四川3) -____I take the book out? --I’m afraid not.A.WillB.MayC.MustD. Need11.(10北京23) –Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the PersonnelDepartment.----–Ah, good morning. You ______ be Mrs. Peters.A.mightB. mustC. wouldD. can12.(10浙江17) “You __ have a wrong number,” she said. “There is no one of that name here.”A. needB. canC. mustD. would13. (10江苏25) –I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject nextmonth.---–Don’t worry. You ______ have it by Friday.A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may14. (10天津9) Mark ___ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. needn’tB. wouldn’tC. mustn’tD. couldn’t15.〔10上海〕---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.---Oh, you _____ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. mustB. mustn'tC. shouldD. shouldn't2011年高考真题1.(2011全国卷I) 32. They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A. willB. canC. mustD. should2.〔2011全国卷II〕8. If you _______ smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may3.〔2011北京卷〕24. - I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?- Don’t worry. He __________ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not4.〔2011北京卷〕30. Maybe if I _______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying5.〔2011北京卷〕28. - Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.--- I wish they _________ always late.A. weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. wouldn’t have been6. (2011上海卷) 28. I _____ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. daren’tD. needn’t7.〔2011天津卷〕15. I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come8.〔2011江西卷〕23. It ______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. won’tD. needn’t9.〔2011江西卷〕28. We ______ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recen t injury.A. will putB. will have putC. would putD. would have put10.〔2011江苏卷〕34. —I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to the railway officials. —How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_______ it.A. will have stolenB. might have stolenC. should have stolenD. must have stolen11.〔2011安徽卷〕26. — What do you think of store shopping in the future?—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.A. will never replaceB. would never replaceC. will never be replacedD. would never be replaced12.〔2011浙江卷〕11.—How’s your new babysitter?—We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. shouldB. mightC. mustn’tD. couldn’t13.〔2011福建卷〕25.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?—I am afraid you _______ , in case he comes late for the meeting.14.〔2011福建卷〕34.—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.—I____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A.attendedB.had attendedC.would attendD.would have attended15. (2011四川卷20.The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ______.A. canB. mayC. mustD. should16.〔2011辽宁卷〕21. If you __ go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will17.〔2011陕西卷〕22.I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldn’t have goneB. didn’t goC. wouldn’t goD. hadn’t gone18.〔2011陕西卷〕24.—Will you read me a story ,Mummy?--OK. You________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. mightB. mustC. couldD. shall19.〔2011重庆卷〕25.——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?—— I want to, but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.A. couldB. mightC. wouldD. should20.(2011湖南卷)28 .---No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.---Oh, you are really his big fan.A. canB. needC. mustD. might2012年高考真题1.(2012全国卷I)30. I ___ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't2.(2012全国卷II)17. I’m going to Europe on vacat ion together with John if I ___ find the money.A. canB. mightC. wouldD. need3.(2012北京卷)33. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have facedD. must have faced4.(2012北京卷)35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.A. isB. wereC. has beenD. had been5.(2012上海卷) (2012上海卷)28. The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. won'tD. mustn't6.(2012天津卷) 8. It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet.A. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. wouldn’t7.(2012天津卷) 15. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home.A. didn’t offerB. wouldn’t offerC. hasn’t offeredD. hadn’t offered8. (2012江苏卷) 28. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was.A. mustn’tB. shouldn’tC. wouldn’tD. mightn’t9.(2012安徽卷)31. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. has livedD. were to live10.(2012湖南卷)29. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had11. (2012福建卷)31.We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ____ more places of interest yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited12.(2012陕西卷)17. If my car _________ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be13.(2012陕西卷)23. I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.A. won’tB. can’tC. canD. will14.(2012山东卷)30. If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been sosuccessful.A. haven’t madeB. wouldn’t makeC. didn’t makeD. hadn’t made15.(2012重庆卷)25. —__ you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?—Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.A. CanB. ShouldC. MustD. Would16. (2012四川卷)19. I got close enough to h ear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao” just as I ___ do in China.A. mustB. mightC. canD. should17. (2012江西卷)22．We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t18. (2012浙江卷)19. Had they known what was coming next, they_______ second thoughts.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have hadD. might have had19. (2012辽宁卷)24. One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.A. mightB. couldC. shallD. will20. (2012辽宁卷)33. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he something instead of just talking.A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did2013年高考真题1.(2013新课标1 )The door ______ open, no matter how hard she pushed.A. shouldn’tB. couldn’tC. wouldn’tD. mightn’t2.〔2013课标卷II〕6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need3.〔2013北京卷〕34.If we a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked4.〔2013北京卷〕35.—You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain.—Well, I don’t know. It do.A. mightB. needC. wouldD. should5.〔2013天津卷〕9. No one be more generous, he has a heart of gold.A. couldB. mustC. dareD. need6.〔2013天津卷〕14. If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he _____ able to speak it much better now.A. will beB. would beC. has beenD. would have been7.〔2013重庆卷〕26. — What are you doing this Saturday?—I’m not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might8.〔2013重庆卷〕29. —It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.— Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we .A. hadn’tB. haven'tC. didn'tD. don't9.〔2013安徽卷〕28.I to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not availableA. wentB. had goneC. would goD. would have gone10.〔2013安徽卷〕34.It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of wordsA. mayB. couldn’tC. shouldD. needn’t11.〔2013福建卷〕30.—Do you think George has passed the driving test?—No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven12.〔2013湖南卷〕26. If nothing ________, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.A. doesB. had been doneC. will doD. is done13.〔2013湖南卷〕32. He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A. wouldn’tB. shouldn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t14.〔2013江苏卷〕30. I should not have laughed if I you were serious.A. thoughtB. would thinkC. had thoughtD. have thought15.〔2013江西卷〕29. When I was a child, I ______ watch TV whenever I wanted to.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. need16.〔2013辽宁卷〕31. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______too much at the party last night.A. could drinkB. should drinkC. would have drunkD. must have drunk17.〔2013陕西卷〕12.My mom suggests that we ________eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would18.〔2013陕西卷〕21.The children _____lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A. must have gotB. must getC. should have gotD. should get19.〔2013四川卷〕5. --Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. won't20.〔2013浙江卷〕3. I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day.A. shouldn’t have enjoyedB. needn’t have enjoyedC. wouldn’t have enjoyedD. couldn’t have enjoyed21.〔2013浙江卷〕8. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old.A. wasB. beC. wereD. is2014 高考真题1. (2014安徽卷)30．People are recycling many things which they______ away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown2. (2014北京卷)27. ______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should3. (2014北京卷)34. We ______ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be4. (2014湖南卷)22. If Mr. Dewey ______ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A. wereB. had been G. should be D. was5. (2014湖南卷)25.—I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.—Do you mean we______ bring anything with us?A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shan’tD. needn't6. (2014江苏卷)31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ______ bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could7. (2014江西卷)30. Life is unpredictable ; even the poorest ______ become the richest .A. shallB. mustC. needD. might8. (2014全国大纲卷)30. Although you ______ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can9. (2014陕西卷)23. We would rather our daughter ______ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.A. would stayB. has stayedC. stayedD. stay10. (2014陕西卷)25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ______ have taken it?A. needB. mustC. shouldD. could11. (2014四川卷)6. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A. mightB. mustC. wouldD. should12. (2014浙江卷)16. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ______ to our help.A. would have comeB. could comeC. have comeD. had come13. (2014重庆卷)3. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we ______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.A. can’tB. dare notC. needn’tD. may not14. (2014重庆卷)13. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ______ it?A. had doneB. have doneC. didD. am doing2010年AADAC .DDDAB BCBAC2011年DCDCA DDBDB CDBDA CADCA2012年DACBD CDCDD DBBDC BBDCD 2013年CBDAA BDADB CDCCB DAAAD B 2014年DADBD CDDCD CACA。

2010-2014高考英语试题分类解析情态动词与虚拟语气(2014安徽卷)30．People are recycling many things which they______ away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown 【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词。

句意：人们在循环利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。

Would have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测。

根据句意可知D正确。

(2014北京卷)27. ______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。

句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？用不了多少时间。

Can意为―可以‖，表示请求、要求、建议等：；must意为―必须，一定‖；shall意为―应，会，将，必须‖；should 意为―应该‖。

根据句意可知，空格can I…？表示征求许可。

故A正确。

(2014北京卷)34. We ______ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果你没丢失地图，现在我们就会在宾馆里了。

If引导的条件状语从句中，如果表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中的谓语动词用―一般过去时/were‖，主句使用―情态动词+动词原形‖。

根据句意可知，题中所述内容与现在事实相反。

故D正确。

(2014湖南卷)22. If Mr. Dewey ______ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A. wereB. had been G. should be D. was【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。

2010-2014高考英语试题分类解析动词与动词短语(2014安徽卷)26．Terry, please ______ your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.A. look up fromB. look intoC. look back onD. look through【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

句意：特里，奶奶和你讲话时，从手机上抬起头来。

look up 意为“查找，抬头看”；look into意为“调查，研究”；look back on意为“回顾，回忆”；look through 意为“仔细检查，看穿”。

根据句意可知，空格处用look up from。

故A正确。

【语言知识】Look相关短语1.look about/around 环顾四周，随便看看，到处看看；look about for sth. 到处寻找（某物）。

2. look after sb./ sth. 照顾（某人/某物），照料（某人/某物），关心（某人/某物）。

3. look at sb. 看(某人)，注视(某人)。

look at sth. 看待(某事), 考虑(某事),检查（某物）。

4. look back on sth. 回顾(某事)，回想(某事)。

5. look down on sb./ sth. 看不起(某人/某事)，瞧不起(某人/某事)。

6. look for sth. 寻找（某物/某事）；期待(某事)。

7. look forward to n 或doing 期待……，盼望……。

8. look into sth. 调查(某事)，研究(某事)，了解(某事)。

9. look like [sb.] 看起来象[某人]。

look like … 好象要……,似乎要……。

10. look on 旁观。

11. look on sb./sth. as… 把（某人/某物）看作、当作……12. look out of Sth. 向(某物之)外看。

十年高考2013最新命题题库大全2009-2013高考英语试题分类解析情态动词与虚拟语气1.【2013陕西21】The children______ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A. must have gotB. must getC. should have gotD. should get【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。

句意：孩子们肯定在树林里迷路了；否则的话，他们就该按计划在湖边的宿营地了。

副词otherwise之前的句子表示推测，之后的句子表示虚拟。

must have done 表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，语气强烈。

2.【2013陕西12】My mom suggests that we______ eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。

关键词suggest表示建议时，其后的名词性从句中用―should+动词原形‖。

句意：我妈妈建议周末我们应该改变一下外出吃饭。

3.【2013重庆29】—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we_______.A. hadn’tB. haven'tC. didn'tD. don't【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。

虚拟条件句主句从句均为对过去的虚拟，if从句中用过去完成时，主句多用would have done的形式，从句省略了taken，保留了过去完成时的助动词。

句意：—早上下大雨。

我很高兴带了伞。

情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态等，是中英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。

情态动词在近五高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词表达“情感、态、语气等”；情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。

虚拟语气的考点主要集中在名词性从句、条件句中的用法，以及错综条件句中虚拟语气的应用。

一、情态动词表推测的用法headmaster.①That maynot be true.①He couldn'thavediscovered thetruth.注意：should (ought to)表示推测是高考考查的重点和难点。

如：—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________ be ready by 12：00.A．can B．should C．might D．need【解析】B A项表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。

C项表示推测语气不太肯定。

should意为“按理说，理应”，既回答了顾客的询问，不失礼貌，又为照片有可能尚未洗好，顾客到时取不到留下了回旋的余地，体现了店主的精明与用词经过仔细推敲。

二、情态动词的其他用法1．can, could, may, might2.must, should3. need, dare4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would二、情态动词＋have done四、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的话，我就不开车了。

(明天的情况还不知道)If I had done it in time, I should have had a good time. 如果我及时做的话，日子就好过多了。

2014全国高考汇编之虚拟语气+情态动词一（2014安徽卷）30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown【考点】考察情态动词用法【答案】D【解析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。

Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推测。

如果不适应情态动词，可以使用一般过去时threw。

故D正确。

【举一反三】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。

”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。

二（2014北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。

Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。

根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许。

如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。

三（2014北京卷）34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【考点】考察虚拟语气【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气考点一情态动词1.(2014大纲全国,30)Although you find bargains in London,it s not generallya cheap place to shop.1.答案can2.(2014北京,27) I have a word with you?It won t take long.2.答案Can/May3.(2014重庆,3)I ve ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.3.答案needn t4.(2014江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves, bring me food.4.答案should5.(2014湖南,25)—I ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.—Do you mean we bring anything with us?5.答案needn t6.(2014四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother (will)take me to Disneyland at weekends.6.答案would7.(2014江西,30)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest become the richest.7.答案may/might考点二虚拟语气8.(2014北京,34)We (be)back in the hotel now if you didn t lose the map.8.答案should/could/would/might be9.(2014天津,15) (catch)the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.9.答案Had he caught10.(2014重庆,13)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as ifI (do)it?10.答案had done11.(2014福建,32) (be)there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.11.答案Were12.(2014浙江,16)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they (come)to our help.12.答案would have come13.(2014安徽,30)People are recycling many things which they (throw)away in the past.13.答案would have thrown14.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey (be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.14.答案had been15.(2014陕西,23)We would rather our daughter (stay)at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer.15.答案stayed。

【十年高考】2005-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气〖05全国Ⅰ〗Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.may not〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查情态动词。

〖解析〗wouldn’t用以提示客气的请求；mustn’t表示禁止, 不允许；needn’t表示没必要；may not 表示不可以。

根据语境要求Tom不许把衣服放在地板上。

〖05全国Ⅲ〗John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a late hour?A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查情态动词的用法。

〖解析〗must在此处显示出说话人的不快, 有“难道非要”的意思。

〖05北京〗He have compl eted his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查情态动词表猜测的用法。

〖解析〗由句意“他一定是已经完成工作了；否则, 他就不会在海边玩得那么高兴。

”可知是对过去发生事情的肯定推测。

〖05上海〗There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A.m ustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t〖答案〗C〖考点〗本题考查情态动词的用法。

〖解析〗句意为：因为你在驾校已经训练了这么多, 通过路考一定没有什么困难。

本句中表达出劝慰对方的语气。

mustn’t表示“禁止, 不允许”, 表示警告或命令; shan’t表示“将不会”；shouldn’t 表示据情况推测“理应……”；needn’t表示“不必……”。

1。

【2015·北京】29．-Can't you stay a little longer？—It’s getting late。

I really _____go now，My daughter is home alone.A 。

mayB 。

canC 。

mustD 。

dare【答案】C【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度,在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境.2.【2015·北京】34。

If I _____it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.A 。

didn't see B。

weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D。

hadn’t seen【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意:如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。

所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D。

【考点定位】虚拟语气【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时，首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气.3.【2015·重庆】7。

Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms。

A.didn't write B。

hadn't writtenC. wouldn’t write D。

w ouldn’t have written【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。

根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测,故主句用would have done,因此选D项. 【考点定位】考查虚拟语气【名师点睛】虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望,假设，怀疑，猜测建议等含义，表示的含义不是客观存在的事实，此类的题目一般难度不大，主要找对时间状语,并且看分清时间状语与主句还是从句有关系,再来确定用对现在，过去还是将来的虚拟。

第八章情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分近年高考题荟萃1. （09 安徽 29）people.2. （09 北京 25）One of the few things you ___ say about En glish people with certa inty is that they talk a lotabout the weather. A. need 答案BB. mustC. shouldD. can3. （09 福建 35）But for the help of my English teacher, Ithe first prize in the English WritingCompetiti on.A. would not winB. would not have wonC. would winD. would have won答案Bwould/should/could/might + have done 结构，故选 B 。

4. （09 湖南 30）—It ' s the office! So you ______ know eating is not allowed here. —Oh, sorry. A. must B. willC. may答案A解析 句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。

思。

5. （09 海南 25）What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There __________ be twelve A. shouldB. wouldC. willD. shallSome people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily sh y they ______ j ust be quietA. must 答案BB. mayC. shouldD. would虚拟语气。

语法专项情态动词一．情态动词的含义：情态动词只有情态意义，即表示说话人对动作的观点，如需要，可能，意愿或怀疑等。

情态动词主要有：can(could), may(might), must, shall(should), will(would), need, dare(dared), have to(had to),ought to, had better，would rather, used to等。

二．情态动词的特征：1．在形式上，情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化，只有could, would, had to, might, should等几个过去式。

其他如must, ought to等的过去式皆与现在式同形，且在各种人称后都用同样的形式。

2．在意义上，大多数情态动词有多个意义。

如can可表示“能够”，“可能”，“允许”等。

3．在用法上。

情态动词（除ought后接不定式外）与助动词一样，后接动词原形构成谓语动词。

三．情态动词的用法：（一）can/could的用法：1．表示能力：①表示现在的能力用can；表示过去的一般能力用could，若表示过去经过努力而做成某事，则用was/were able to do sth. 或managed to do sth. 或succeeded in doing sth.---Everyone here can speak English. (现在的能力)---A fire broke out in the hotel last night, but everyone was able to escape. (经过努力做成某事)②表示将来的能力常不用can,而用will be able to的将来时态：---I’ll be able to speak French in another few months.2．表示请求许可：若表示请求别人允许自己做某事，can/could均可，could表示委婉语气。