法院实用英语词汇

The International Court of Justice (ICJ)

联合国国际法院

Jurisdiction审判权 司法权

the UN Security Council 联合国安全理事会

veto power 否决权

Command theory 指挥理论

customary law 习惯法

jus cogens 强行法

adjourn：延期再审

alibi：不在现场证明

appeal：上诉

appear (in court)：出庭

bailiff：庭丁，(法庭)警卫

by-law：条例，细则

clause：法律条款

defendant：被告

dismerit(traffic offense point)：（交通违规记）缺点

driving under influence：嗑药后驾驶

driving while intoxicated (DWI)：酒醉后驾驶

evidence：证据

fine：罚锾

first offense：初犯

hear：(法官)审理

hit and run：肇事后逃离现场

illegal parking：违规停车

indict：起诉

jaywalking：违规穿越马路

judge：法官

negligent driving：不小心驾驶

parallel parking：平行停车

perjury：伪证

plead guilty [not guilty]：认罪 [不认罪]

preside：(法官)列席

recess：休庭

reckless driving：鲁莽驾驶

ruling：裁决

run the red light：闯红灯

speeding：驾车超速

take an oath：宣誓

testify：做证 traffic court：交通法庭

traffic regulations：交通规则

traffic violation：交通违规

民商法学与经济法学专业词汇

按照出资比例：in proportion to one’s

respective contributions to the

investment

办理注销登记：cancel the registration

被代理人：the principal

被侵权人 the infringed

本人名义：in one’s name

标的subject matter

补偿制度compensation system

不动产登记制 Lot and Block System

财产法 property law

财产的添附 accretion of property;

property accession

财产抵押权 property mortgage

财产继承权：the right of inheritance

财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships

财产管理人 property administrator; custodian of property

财产混同 confusion; hotchpot

财产留置权 encumbrance

采用书面形式：in writing

仓单 warehouse voucher

草签合同 initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract

长期合同 long-term contract

偿付能力 solvency capability of reimbursement

超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency

撤消合同cancellation of contract

撤销合同 cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract

撤销权 right of rescission; right of

revocation 撤销要约 revocation of offer; revoke

an offer

撤销遗赠 cancellation o will; revocationi of will

承运人 actual fault of the carrier

承运人的留置权 carrier’s lien

诚信原则 principle of good faith

诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and

good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle

船舶承租人 charterer

船舶抵押权 right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship;

ship mortgage

船舶抵押权的设定 establishment of mortgage of the ship

船舶抵押的消灭 extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship

船舶抵押权登记 registration of ship mortgage

船舶留置权 possessory lien; lien of ship

村民委员会：the village committee

惩罚性的损害赔偿 punitive damages

乘人之危：take advantage of one’s unfavorable position

处分财产 dispose of properties

处分权 act of disposition

处分原则 principle of disposition

代理民事活动：be represented in civil

activities by

代理权终止：the expiration of one’s power of agency

单独承担的责任 undivided responsibility

单方法律行为unilateral obligation

单方行政行为 unilateral administrative act

等价有偿：making compensation for equal value

对等原则 principle of reciprocity

对价consideration

对抗措施counter measure

对人权right in personam; personal right

对世权 real right; right in rem

恶意串通：conspire maliciously

恶意行为ill will mala fides

法人 judicial person; legal body

法人的权利能力 legal capacity of juristic person

法人的责任能力 capacity for responsibility of juristic person

法人权限 corporate power

法人人格 corporate personality

法人身份 status of a legal person

法人团体 corporation

法人资格 corporate capacity

法人组织章程：the articles of association of the legal person

负共同连带责任 liable jointly and severally

负全部责任 bear all responsibilities; in all charge

负有解释的义务 accountable

负有连带义务的每个债务人：each of the

joint debtors

附带的条件 incident

附带要求 contingent claim

附带原因 contributory cause; inherent cause

附条件的民事法律行为：conditional civil juristic acts

附条件的权利 conditional right

赋予权力 entitle

个体工商户：individual businesses

个人合伙：individual partnership

各尽所能，按劳分配 from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs

给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party

工商行政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce

公民基本义务 fundamental duties of citizens

合同contract

合同法 contract law

合同副本 copies of the contract

合同规定 contract provisions/stipulations

合同履行地法 lex loci contractus

合同期限contract period (or contract

term)

合同条款contract terms (or contract clause)

合同有效期contract life

合同正本 originals of the contract

合伙人：partners

合议制 collegial system

核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered

恢复原状 recovery of original state;

restitution; restoration of he original conditions; retitutio in integrum

集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership

技术合同纠纷案件 controversy over a technology contract

监护人：guardian

经主管机关核准登记：approved and registered by the competent authority

居民委员会：the neighborhood committee

履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship

埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object

买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred

农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households

平等主体：civil subjects with equal status

企业法人被撤销：the dissolution of an