中考英语语法---冠词
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中考英语语法---冠词
中考英语语法---冠词
冠词用法口诀
定冠词用法有规律，防止遗忘很容易。
特指双方都熟悉，上文已经被提及。
世上无二仅独一，序数词和最高级。山河海岛建筑物，姓氏复数奏乐器。少数形表人一类，方位名词须牢记。普构专有惯用词，试用此诀有效率。下列情况不用冠，名词之前代词限。专有名词不可数，球类学科与三餐。复数名词表泛指，节日月份星期前。颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。
1.不定冠词a／an
a用在辅音音素开头的词前eg. a book
a useful book a “u” a university a one-year boy
[ju:sful] [ju:] [ju:] [w?n]
an用于元音开头的词前. eg. an apple
an hour an “F”an honest boy
[au ] [ef] [on]
（1）固定搭配
a lot of, a little,a few, have a look,have a try,have a swim,a
quarter（一刻钟）,half an hour, three times a day,have a talk,give
a talk,ten Yuan a kilo(千克)
（2）注意不定冠词的特殊位置
当名词被such,what,many修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。
What a dangerous job it is！
Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.
当名词前的形容词前有so,how,too等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。
She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the
station. How nice a film this is！
当名词前面有形容词和quite,rather,very（三个都是非常的意思）时，不定冠词放在quite,rather 之后,very之前。It is quite a good
book.That is rather a useful too1. This is a very interesting story
2.定冠词的用法
基本用法
（1）表示上文中所提到过的人或物。
l have two children,a boy and a girl.The boy’ s name is
Mark.The girl’ s name is Penny.
（2）特指某（些）人或物。The girl in a red dress comes from
America.
（3）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。My shoes are under
the bed.
特殊用法
（1）用在世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等）。
Tne moon/ world/ sky/ earth/ sun/ universe(宇宙)
（2）用在方位名词或发明物前, 身体部位名词
the east/ west/ north/ south/ northeast/ northwest/
southeast/ southwest
（3）形、副最高级及序数词前The third boy is the tallest of all.
（4）用在某些形容词前，表示—类人或物。
the rich,the poor,the deaf（聋子）,the blind（盲人）,the dead（死者）,the wounded（伤员）（5）用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某—家人”或“某某夫妇”。The Greens are having dinner at home.
（6）用在乐器前。play the piano／guitar／violin／drums.
（7）用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。
In the 1970s,a highway was built to linkup the city with my
hometown. I think he is in the thirties.
（8）表计量单位的名词前,表示”按……”: by the dozen / yard
/ hour
（9）在表示江河,海洋,山脉,群岛,海峡,海湾等名词前：the Yellow
Sea; the English Channel; the Rocky Mountains;
固定搭配
the United Nations（联合国）,the Great Wall,the Summer
Palace（颐和园）,the Palace Museum（故宫）,in the day,in the
middle of,all the time, by the way,on the way to
句型”the+比较级……,the+比较级”中:The higher you stand,
the farther you’ ll see.
3.不用冠词的情况
（1）名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制。I want this book, not that one.
（2）专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前
air snow(物质名词) music love(抽象名词), Beijing University(专有名词), Jack, China
（3）节假日、星期、月份前不用。（比较in winter / in the
winter of 2000 ; on Sunday / on a Sunday in May）New Year’s
Day, Tuesday, January
（4）在三餐前不用冠词。(当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词, have the fast lunch) have breakfast／lunch／supper／dinner
（5）球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。play basketball／soccer／chess
（6）在学科和语言前不用冠词。My favorite is English.
（7）by+交通工具的名词前(by car =take/in a car);
（8）表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made
President of America.
固定搭配 at noon, at work,at home,by bus, by air,on foott,at night,go
to school,go to bed,at last, at least
4.在有些词组中，用冠词和不用冠词意思有较大区别。
in hospital（在住院）；in the hospital（在医院）
in prison（在坐牢）；in the prison（在监狱里）
at table（吃饭,用餐）；at the table（在桌旁）
in front of（在某个范围之外的前面）；in the front of（在某个范围之外的前面）
go to college（上大学）；go to the college（去那所大学）
take place（发生）；take the place（代替）
中考演练
1.【2011深圳】---Do you know _______girl who is standing
under _______tree?
---Of course! She is Lucy, my classmate.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. a; /
D. /; the
2.【2010深圳】---_______ apple a day keeps the doctor away!
---What do you mean? I have never heard of ____ saying
before.
A. An, a
B. An, the
C. A, the
D. A, a
3.【2009深圳】---How do you go to________work? ---I ususlly
take_________bus.
A．the, a B．/, a C. a, a D．the, ／
4.【2008深圳】---Are you good at playing _____basketball or
playing ____ piano? ---Both. A. a, a
B. the, the
C. the, ／
D.／, the
5.【2007深圳】---Have you got e-mail address? I want to e-mail some photos to you.
---Yes, I’ve got .
A. a; it
B. an; one
C. the; one
D. /; it
6.【2006深圳】---Have you seen ______umbrella here?
---you mean ______black one? It was here a minute ago.
A.an, the
B. the, a
C. an, a
D. the, the
7.【2011广州】After school we usually play__ _basketball for
half an hour on___ playground.
A. the; the
B. 不填; 不填
C. 不填; the
D. the;不填
8.【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at
_______ same time.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
9.【2011天津】We usually go to school on weekdays, and
