冲刺2022年高考 语法填空专训 ——名、形、副 三管齐下 巧化词性转换(三)

01【查缺补漏】语法填空之名词（解析版）一，变成名词的形式1)-ence,-ance结尾的名词：（2)-tion,-sion 结尾的名词（3)-ment结尾的名词4)-ness 结尾的名词5)-age结尾的名词（6)-th结尾的名词（7)-ure 结尾的名词8)-ce结尾的名词：（9)-dom结尾的名词（10)-hood结尾的名词（11)-ship结尾的名词（12)-ing结尾的名词二，名词单复数名词分为可数名词与不可数名词1，a/an+名词，可数名词前没有a/an要注意是否有复数含义，普通形式的可数名词若有则加s/es/去y变i加es2，以fe和f结尾的单词变复数的特殊用法：妻子拿刀去杀狼，吓得小偷架下藏。

半片树叶掉下来，砸到头上己命亡。

妻子wife-wives，刀子knife-knives，狼wolf-wolves，小偷thief-thives，架子shelf-shelves，半half-halves，树叶leaf-leaves，自己self-selves，生命life-lives。

3，集体名词根据语境来确定该集体名词的单复数含义三，动名词做主语表示单个含义的动名词做主语视为名词的单数形式四，名词所有格形容词性物主代词/形容词+名词N1 of N2无生命名词所有格，翻译为N2 的N1在定语从句中，N1 whose N2,翻译为N1的N2【仿真训练，触类旁通】1.The far side of the moon is of particular(interesting) to scientists.ter, they learned to work with the(season), planting at the right time.3.“China is the only nation that has been able to maintain its cultural(grow) for thousands of years,” the husband said.4.You may not know the name John Stith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his(invent): Coca-Cola.5.Statistics consistently show that half of (child) prefer riding bicycles to playing on computers or smart phones.6. The novel coronavirus, now officially named COVID-19,is a new(ill) and scientists are still studying the best ways to control it.7.There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl＇s dowry（嫁妆）since the (pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”.8. Disney nature's film Born in China , which focuses or the lives of rare species native to China such as pan das and golden monkeys, hit(theater)i the Friday.9. But some have put forward the idea that the remains date from this period because of their(sim lar) to those found elsewhere.10.She took me from a poor, unhappy college students and brought me into her world: a world of smile love and(warm).11. We convey either by words or by actions that failure something to be ashamed of and that nothing but performance meets with our(approve).12.His(curious) made him wonder about clouds.13. Seeing both his daugthers admitted to key universities, he felt a sense of(achieve).14.I have a(believe) that I must do my best every day.15. The government should pay more attention to im-proving education and employment so as to eliminate the(possible) of home-grown terrorism.1.interest 考查名词。

高考常用词形变换（超合用）动词变名词1.v+ ment结尾achieve---achievement成就advertise---advertisement// advertisingagree — agreementapartment公寓amusement娱乐argue---argument争吵commit 奉献— commitmentcompliment夸赞，奉迎develop---developmentdisgree — disagreementdepartment局，部experiment实验，试验equip装备---equipment装备，器材govern统治—government政府manage---management经营管理2． V+ tion结尾admit认同—admissionattract 吸引— attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方conclude — conclusion结论compete — competition竞争，比赛discuss — discussion谈论educate-----educationdecide----decisiondescribe — description描述，描述express 表达 ----expression词语；表达方式graduate 毕业— graduationoperate操作，着手术—operationorganize----organizationimagine —imagination想象力introduce — introduction介绍instruct — instruction指导，介绍invent —inventor / inventionillustrate说明，举例说明--illustration invite — invitationinspire---inspiration灵感，激励人心的--- pollute----pollution污染predict---prediction预知pronounce---pronunciationresolve信心-----resolution信心impress 给人印象—impression印象permit赞成-----permissionsuggest- 建议，表示 --suggestionsolve 解决 -----solution解决方法3． V+ ance结尾allow —allowance赞成appear — appearance容颜，出现perform----performance演出exist — existance存在4． V+ ing结尾bathe洗浴---bathingend结束----ending结尾，结局train训练---trainingmean ---- meaning意义say-----saying谚语5． V+ 其他Beg( 乞讨 )— beggar乞丐sit--seat座位employ--employer雇主，老板--employee雇员believe —belief信奉behave行为，举止----behaviorknow---knowledgefly— flight 翱翔heat 加热 ---heat 热量hit 撞击 ------hit 惊动一时的人或物，碰撞mix 混杂 -----mixture 混杂物press按，压—pressure压力receive — receptionist款待员serve — service服务succeed-- successtour 在 ----- 旅游，在----- 作巡回演出直接+地点tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客pursue — pursuit追求，从事propose — proposal建议withdraw — withdrawal取钱；回收；撤退survive — survival--survivor幸存者arrive-- arrival到达analyze — analysis解析名词变形容词1 名词 +yanger生气-----angryhonest — honesty诚实的hunger---hungryfog — foggy 有雾的fur----furry毛皮的guilt罪恶---guilty内疚的health---healthyluck---luckycloud---cloudywind — windyrain---rainysnow---snowysun — sunnytourist------touristy游客多的business---busysalt盐--- salty咸的shine---shiny发亮的silk 丝绸—silky丝绸般的sleep---sleepy昏昏欲睡的taste口味，品味------tasty甜的2.名词 + edbalance–balanced平衡的spot斑点，地点----spotted有斑点的talent-----talented有天赋的organized有组织的distusted厌恶的offended生气的crowded拥挤的polluted被污染的pleased快乐的3．名词 + ful/lessmeaning — meaningful有意义的care — careful/careless小心的；粗心的help---helpful /helplesshome — homeless无家可归的colour---colourfulpain悲伤---painful悲伤的use---useless/usefulthank — thankful充满感谢的peace和平---- peaceful宁静的，沉寂的playful俏皮的，爱玩耍的4．名词 + ableadjustable可调整的comfort---comfortableknowledge---knowledgeablesuit一套-----suitable合适的5.名词 + ouscourage — courageous勇敢的danger — dangerousmystery奇特-----mysterious奇特的变tconfidence----confidentdifference---differentdependence — dependentindependence--independent 7. al结尾Addition — additional附加的，额外的Class — classical经典的medicine药----medical医学的music---musicalnature---natural自然的person---personal(个人的)nation — national国家的education---educational有教育意义的tradition----traditional传统的origin 起源 ---original奇特的；独创的grammar —grammatical语法的globe — global全球的8．名词 + lyfriend — friendlylive---lively活跃的，有生气的love — lovely可爱的9.+ en结尾wood — wooden木制的wool — woolen羊毛的10.其他energy 精力 ---energeticstrategy —strategic战略的fool傻子—foolish笨拙的freedom自由—free空的，免费的height高度—highillness疾病--- illlove — loving慈爱的death---deadpleasure---pleasant/ pleasedpopularity 流行性— popularpride---proudscientist----scientific科学的形容词变副词1．形容词 +lybad — badlybright — brightly光明地casual — casually随意地clear — clearly清楚地complete —completely完满correct---correctly正确地final--finallyfortunate —fortunately好运地general — generally一般来讲loud — loudlyparticular 特其他，独到的—particularly polite — politelyproper合适的-，合适的---properly main------mainly主要地most多数-----mostly多数，大多数normal---normally正常地quick — quicklyquiet — quietly轻轻地，沉寂地real — reallyrecent近来的----recently近来；近来hard难的；努力地---hardly几乎不late迟的—lately近来；近来sad--sadlyslow---slowlyspecial — specially特地，特别地specific---specifically特定地，明确地strong — strongly坚决地，强烈地sudden — suddenly突然usual — usually2.以 le 结尾的去 e + ycomfortable---comfortablygentle — gentlypossible---possiblysimple ----simply不过；只；简单地terrible---terribly3.辅音字母 + y 变 ilyeasy — easilyheavy — heavilyhappy--happily4.特别good —well 好地well身体健康的，井true — truly形容词变名词efficient 有效率的— efficiency效率patient — patience/impatiencedependent — dependenc依赖性independent—independency独立性true — truthhigh — heightwide — widthlong — lengthpossible — possibilityresponsible — responsibilityurgent — urgency紧急prosperous — prosperity繁荣accurate — accuracy正确性形容词变动词modern — modernize social--socializefast--fasten short/shortenlong — lengthen —length(n.) wide--widenless--lessen strong—strengthen—strength(n.) large —enlarge名词变动词computer--computerize名词 --- 形容词—副词beauty美，佳丽—beautiful—beautifullycare — careful — carefullycare — careless —carelesslydifference---different---differentlyfortune —fortunate —fortunately/unfortunately happiness — happy — happilyhunger — hungry--hungrilyhealth — healthy — healthilyluck —lucky — luckilynoise — noisy — noisilypride —proud —proudly 骄傲地sadness — sad — sadlysafety安全；安全的地方—safe—safely silence — silent---silently静静地success — successful — successfullytruth — true — trulyunluck — unlucky — unluckilywonder奇景—wonderful—wonderfully方向的词名词—形容词East — easternWest —westernSouth — southernNorth---northernIn the west ofChinaIn the westernpart of China四大洲名词-----形容词Asia亚洲–---- AsianAfrica非洲----- AfricanEurope 欧洲 ----- EuropeanAmerica美洲-----American既是形容词又是副词early get up early；anearly trainlate be late for classcome late for schooldeep dive deep into the seaa hole deep largehigh jump high；a high mountainhard a hard question；a hard stone work hard / study hardrain hardlong It takes too longIt takes a long timefar jump farMy home is far from schoolstraight a straight linego straight along hereGroup11.actionn. 行动actvt. 做事，表演 ,演出activeadj. 积极的，主动的actorn. 演员activityn. 活动2.Africanadj. 非洲的 ,非洲人African. 非洲3.apologizev. 道歉apologyn. 对不起4.angryadj. 生气的，气愤的angern. 生气，气愤5.agreementn.赞成agreev. 赞成6.anxiouslyadv.忧虑anxiousadj. 忧虑的，忧虑的anxietyn. 急于，不安，忧虑7.attendvt. 出席 ,关心，照料attentionn. 出席 ,关心 ,注意attentiveadj. 专心的attentivelyadv.专心地8.achievevt. 实现，获取，达到achievementn.成功，成功，目标9.absencen. 缺席，不在absentadj. 缺席的10.arrivaln. 到达，到达arrivev. 到达，到达11.basicadj. 基础的，根本的basev. 以 ...为基础basen. 基础，根本，基地12.bathn. 洗浴 ,洗浴bathev. 洗浴 ,游泳13.beautifullyadv.美丽地，美丽地beautifuladj. 美丽的，美丽的beautyn. 美丽，美丽14.breathn. 呼吸breathev. 呼吸可信的believev. 相信beliefn. 信奉Group21.chemistn. 化学家chemicaladj. 化学的chemistryn. 化学2.correctvt./adj.改正,/正确的correctionn. 正确，改正correctlyadv. 正确的3.concludevt. 推断 ,总结conclusionn. 结论，总结conclusiveadj.决定性的4.connectv. 联系，连接connectionn. 联系，连接fortvt. 欣慰comfortableadj.酣畅，愉快comfortablyadv.酣畅地，愉快地6.choosevt. 选择choicen. 选择7.celebratevt. 庆祝celebrationn. 庆祝8.centren. 中心，中央centraladj. 中心的，中央的pletevt. 完成completeadj. 完满的，完满的completelyadv.完满，完满10.crossv. 横过，超越crossingn. 路口acrossadv. 横过，超越必定,自然，有掌握certainlyadv. 必定 ,有掌握certaintyn. 必定，自然 ,有掌握12.diev. 死deathn. 死亡deadadj. 死的dyingadj. 将死的deadlyadj. 死相同的 ,致命的13.distantadj. 遥远的distancen. 距离，遥远14.dirtn. 脏 ,灰尘dirtyadj. 脏的15.developvt. 发展，进展，培养developmentn.发展，进展developingadj.发展中的developedadj.发达的16.defendv. 保卫，保护，保卫defensen. 保卫，保护，保卫17.darkadj. 黑的，黑暗的darknessn. 黑暗darkenv. 使变黑18.directionn. 方向，指向，指示directadj. 直接directlyadv. 素来19.dangern. 危险dangerousadj.危险的dangerouslyadv.危险地20.discussvt. 谈论，谈论discussionn. 谈论，谈论21.discovervt.发现discoveryn. 发现。

英语高考语法填空词类转换总表（有答案）AA) (n.), (n.) (n.) (adj.) (adj.) 2. absent ________ (adj.)_________ (adv.), _________ (n.) ________ (adj.)__________ (adj.), __________ (n.) __________ (adj.)(adj.), __________ (adv.) __________ (n.)_________ (adj.), ___________(n.) ___________ (n.)__________ (n.), ___________ (v.) _______ (adv.)(n.)B) ________ (adj.), ________ (n.) _______________ (adj.)________________ (n.) 4. admire-- _______ (adj.), ______ (n.)5. admit-- ______________ (n.)6. advance--___________________ (adj.)_________________(adj.) 8. advise-- ______________________ (n.)(影响)-- _______ (n.) _____(adj) __________________ (adj.)_______ (adj.), _______ (n.) ________________ (adj.)13. allow_______ (adj.), _________(n.) _____, _____(adj.) ____ (n.)C) ___________ (adj.) _______, ______ (adj.); ______ (n.)______ (n.); ____ (adj.) _________________ (adv.)____________ (n.) _______________ (n.)________ (adj.); ______ (n.) _________________ (adv.)_______ (n.)______(adj) _______ (adj.) ________ (n.)____________ (n.) ___________, ____________ (n.)_____ (adj.); _____ (n.) _______________ (n.)_______________ (n.) _________________ (n.)_________________ (n.)D)1. arrive-- _____________ (n.) 2. assist-- ____________, _____________ (n.)3. associate-- ___________(n.)4. astonish-- _____ (n.); ____(adj.)_____(adj)5. attend-- _____________(n.)6. attract-- __________ (adj.); ____________ (n.)7. avail-- _____________ (adj.)B. __________ v. 2. beautiful __________ n. __________v.__________ n. _________(adj.) __________adj.__________ (adv) ________ v. _______(反形）C____________ n._________(反)_________（反名(n)____________ adj. ___________ n.n. ____________ adj. ___________ adj.____________ adj. .____________ n. _____________ adj._____________ n. ___________ adj.____ (人)_____(adj) _________ n.__________ n. ____________ n.________ n. _________ n.n. ______________n.___________ n. ___________ adj.____________ n. ____________n.n. __________(n) （人）D______________ (adj.) ______________ (n.)______________ (adj.) _______________ (n.)_______ (n.); ____ (v.) ______________ (n.)_______ (n.); _____ (adj.) (adj.); _____ (n.)(n.)______(adj.) ________ (adj.); _________ (n.)(adj)_______(n) (n.)_______(adj.) ________ (adj.); _____ (n.)______ (adj.); ____ (n.) _____ (adj.); _____ (n.)_________ (n.) __________ (n.)E__________ n. __________n. （人） __________ (v)__________n. __________n. （人） _______n. __________（反）. __________ (n) v. __________ n. __________ n.. __________ n. _________(adj) __________ adv.__________n. __________ adj.__________n.__________ n. . __________n.__________ n. __________ adv.F_________________ n. n._________________ n. _________________ adj_______ adj _________ adjG1. gentle ______________adv.2. gift __________ adj.3. govern __________ n. ________(人)4. graduate __________ n.5. guide __________ (人)6. guilt _________ adj. ________（形反）H_________adj. __________adj.__________n. _________ adj.________n. ________ adj. _______ n.______adj. _______ adv. ______ adj. _______ (形反).________ adj. ______ adv. ____ .(u)r (形反). _________（人）.I1. ignore ____ n. ___ adj.2. legal _______________（反）3. ill _________ n.4. imagine adj.5. immigrate ______ n.6. important ______(反形)_______ adv.7. impossible ______ (反形). ________adv______(反名).8. impress ______ n. _______ adj. ______ adv. 9. introduce v. _______________ n.10. invent ______ (人) 11. invitev. _________________ n.J_______adj. 2. judge _________ n . 3.justice______________(adj)K_________(n)_______(adv)L_________ v. _____(adv) _________________ n.__________ n. _____(adv) _________________ n._______________adj. __________ adj______ adj________ (形) _________________ adj.________ adj_______ (反形)_______(反形副)M1. major __________ n.2. manage ________ n （人）.________ n.3. mean _________ n.4. medical ______________ n.5. memory ______ adj.6. mistake ______________ adj.7. mix _________ n. 8. mountain ______________ adj.9. move (adj) 10. mud ______________ adj.11. music _______ n.（人）N1 nation ________ adj. ________ n.2 .nature _________ adj. _______adv3 necessary (反形)4 noise ________ adj.5 north ________ adj.O1 occupy _________ n. ________ adj.2 operate ________ n. _______ n.3 organize ________ n. ________ n.4 office ________adj..P1 pain ______ adj 2. patient ________n. _______ n.3 peace ____ adj .4 perfect ______ adv .5 permit _____ n. 6. physics _________ adj. ________ 人7 poison ______ adj. . ______ adj. ______n.. ________（人）. ___________n... .. __________adj. ---_____________ adjR. _______n. _______v. ________(反形). .. ________adj _______(人)________(n) 10. require _______(n)______(n) ..S.(人) ____adj____adv .(n) ___（反形）. 人).. (人)14. starve--___________n15..strong--______n --________v --____________adjv--________n19..survive --_______nT(人)U1. unconscious--___________(反形)_______(反名)V1. value--_________adj2. vary--__________n--_________adjW1. warm--________n (adv)A. A)(Keys: 1. ability; inability; disability; unable; disabled 2. absence 3. absolutely; absoluteness 4. absorbed 5. acceptable; acceptance 6. accessible 7. accidental; accidentally 8. accomplishment 9. achievable; achievement 10. action 11. activity; activate 12. actually; 13. advertisement)B)（Keys: 1. addicted; addiction 2. additional 3. adjustment 4. admirable; admiration 5. admission 6. advanced 7. advantageous 8. advice 9. effect, affective 10. aged 11. agreeable; agreement 12. agricultural 13. allowable; allowance 14. amazing / amazed; amazement）C)（Keys: 1. ambitious 2. amusing / amused; amusement 3. analysis; analytic 4. anciently ;annoyance ,, /appointment 14. appreciation 15. approval 16. argument17. arrangement）D)Keys: 1. arrival 2. assistant / assistance 3. association 4. astonishment; astonished / astonishing 5. attendance 6. attractive; attraction 7. available: ,beautify , bravely ,breathlessC. Keys: 1. calculation 2. careless/carelessness/care 3. cautious 4. celebration 5. central 6. changeable 7. characteristic 8. cheerful 9. choice 10 cloudy 11. collection 12. comfortable 13. competition / competitor 14. concentration 15. conclusion 16 confidence 17. congratulation 18. connection 19.considerate/consideration 20. construction 21. contribution 22. convenient 23.correction 24 curiosity , creatorD. : 1.. dangerous 2. darkness 3. dated / dateless 4 decision 5 depth; deepen 6. defense 7. description; descriptive 8 determined; determination 9. development; developing / developed 10. devoted; devotion: 1. different; difference 2. difficulty 3. disadvantageous 4. disagreeable;disagreement disappointing;discouraging;discouragement 8 discussionE. Keys:1. education，educator ,affect 3. employment,employer(employee)4. encouragement, discourage ,joy 6. entrance, ,equipped . excited,F. Keys: 5. farther;furtherG. Keys: 2. gifted 3. government，governor 4. graduation 5. guidance, guide 6. guilty, guiltlesH. Keys: 2. heated ,helpless ,,honorably ,hopeless horribly 10．humorous,.Humorless, humor ist , hungrilyI. Keys: 1. ignorance, ignorant 2. illegal . 3. illness 4. imagination,imaginable/imaginary 5. immigration 6. unimportant . importantly 7.possible ,impossibly, , impressive, impressively 9. introduction 10. invention，inventorJ. Keys: 1. joyful 2. judgment 3. justK. Keys: , kindlyL. Keys: , largely 2. laughter 3. laziness, lazily,living ,lost 8. lovely 9. lucky, luckily, unlucky, unlikelyM. Keys: 1. majority 2. manager / management 3. meaning 4. medicine 5. memorial 6. mistaken7 mixture 8. mountainous 9. movement, moving 11. musical / musicianN. Keys: 1 national; nationality , naturally , unnecessary 4 noisy 5 northernO. Keys:1 occupation ; occupied 2. operator ; operation 3. organization ;organizer 4. officialP. Keys: 1 painful 2 patient; patience 3 peaceful 4 perfectly 5 permission 6 physical ;R.Keys:,.reality/realization,realize ,unreasonable ,respectful/respectable12. .responsibilityS. Keys: , selfishness, , servant , ,socialism,, 17. suggestion 18. suit; suit: 2. terribly 3. thirsty ,translator ,truth: , consciousness : 1. valuable 2. variety, variousW. Keys: ,weakly3. wealthy 4. weekly 5. windy 7. youth。

专题03 形容词与副词养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

考点01 形容词的考查1.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ________ (function) structure that is also beautiful.【答案】functional【解析】考查形容词。

句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。

空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。

故填functional。

2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.【答案】largest【解析】考查形容词最高级。

句意：黄石公园是最大的美国国家公园-220万英亩-直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔-圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。

根据句意，此处表范围内最大，需用最高级形式，故填largest。

第三讲词性转换Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging.解析：考查词性转换。

修饰形容词challenging应用extreme的副词形式extremely。

答案：extremely2．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The (beauty) long branches covered with pink­colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.解析：考查词性转换。

由于空后的中心词是名词branches，所以只能用形容词。

答案：beautiful3．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Filled with (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.解析：考查词性转换。

作介词with的宾语，用名词形式。

答案：curiosityⅡ．单句改错1．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)To everyone's surprising，the ball went into the net.surprising→surprise 2．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.coolly→cool形容词变副词的后缀变化形式例词直接加­ly slow→slowly缓慢地改y为i加­ly happy→happily高兴地去e加­ly true→truly真诚地；正确地形容词变名词的后缀wide→width 宽度­y ­ty itydifficult→difficulty 困难cruel→cruelty 残酷；残暴safe→safety 安全disable→disability 无能；残疾responsible→responsibility 责任动词、名词变形容词的后缀­ishchild→childish 孩子气的fool→foolish 愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish 自私的­icenergy→energetic 精力充沛的science→scientific 科学的economy→economic 经济的history→historic 历史上著名的­ary imagine→imaginary 想象中的动词变名词的后缀vary→variety 多样化；种类tend→tendency 趋向；趋势变动词的前缀与后缀­izeapology→apologize 道歉emphasis→emphasize 强调memory→memorize 记住real→realize 认识到；实现表示否定意义或相反意义的前缀与后缀mis­understand→misunderstand 误解lead→mislead 误导un­usual→unusual 不寻常的willing→unwilling 不愿意的happy→unhappy 不高兴的known→unknown 不出名的缀­less hope→hopeless 绝望的end→endless 没完没了的care→careless 粗心的help→helpless 无助的use→useless 无用的词性转换解题“三步一提醒”第一步：确定空处所填词的词性一般来说，名词在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

突破高考英语语法填空之词性转换类考查词性的变化是高考语法填空的一个重点。

在解答语法填空中词性变化的相关题目时，一要根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性：名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等，动词作谓语与非谓语，形容词作表语、定语，副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；二要根据标志词及语境确定比较等级；三要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。

【思维导图】——词性转换类宏观解题3大类型【热点考向一】提示词为名词的词性变化名词的构词规律是高考的热考点，考生备考时要注意常考词汇的变形，确保书写正确。

另外，可数名词的复数形式也是考查的重点，考生要注意可数名词复数形式的一般变形和特殊变形，确保书写正确。

【典例】限时7分钟，体会名词的词性变化1.(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________(meaning).2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ____________(population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)“He saved my ____________ (son) life，”said Mrs. Brown.“I don’t know how to thank him.”4.(2021·全国乙卷)Provide ____________(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____________(human) are.6.(2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ____________(watchtower) to take pictures...7.(2021·全国乙卷)____________ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足)and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.8.(2021·浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ____________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.9.(2023·漳州一中模拟)By the time of his death he was the best－selling Chinese author, and over 100 million ____________ (copy) of his works have been sold worldwide.10.(2023·长春调研)From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts (工艺品), it is one of China’s most popular tourist ____________ (destination).11.(2023·芜湖期末)Second, there exist idiomatic ____________ (method) of saying something specific in Chinese but it is extremely hard for us to put it into English properly.12.(2023·永州一模)To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to ____________ (strength) your leg muscles，avoid hills and get good running shoes. 13.(2023·合肥一模)These Yungang ____________(researcher) attempt is a good example of technology helping to preserve cultural heritage.【图解技巧】【解题规则】1.名词变复数若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的复数。

专题02 高频语法之形容词、副词与语法填空（解析版）一、形容词和副词1. 思维导图2. 高考真题再现一、2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and__________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.答案：eventually解析：考查副词。

句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。

设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。

故填eventually。

2.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).答案：meaningful解析：考查形容词。

句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。

此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。

故填meaningful。

3.（2022全国甲卷）...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain.答案：highest解析：考查形容词最高级。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

4（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.答案：largest解析：考查形容词最高级。

2022年高考英语语篇填空之词类转换全扫描名词后缀一、动词变名词1.动词加后缀___beg→________ lie→__________2.动词加后缀___speak→________ manage→________ observe→_______ begin→_______ win→________ swim→________3.动词加后缀_____或_____employ→________/_________ interview→________/_________ train→________/_________ 4.动词加后缀___（变成指人的名词）conduct→________operate→________ invent→________ govern→________edit→________ translate→_______5.动词加后缀___refuse→________ arrive→________ survive→________ approve→_________6.动词加后缀___recover→_________ discover→________ injure→_____ deliver→________7.动词加后缀______（变成指某行为的名词）act→_______ correct→_______ construc t→_______ donate→_______ inspect →_______ describe______express →________ depress→________ instruct→________ direct→________ destroy→________8.动词加后缀_____repeat→_____ recognize→_____9.动词加后缀_____conclude→_____ divide→_____ invade→_____10.动词加后缀___complain→_____ weigh→_____11.动词加后缀_____expect→_____ explain→_____ imagine→_____ relax→_____12. 动词加后缀______improve→________ develop→________ treat→________ move→________ state→_______ punish→_______advertise→_______ govern→_________ equip→________13. 动词加后缀___grow→_______ die________14. 动词加后缀___build→_______/________ write→________/________ learn→_______/________15. 动词加后缀___expose→________ press→________ fail→________二、形容词变名词1.形容词加后缀_____或_____difficult→_______ honest→_______ safe→_______ cruel→_______ real→_______ curious→_______good→_______ sad→_______ careless→_______ polite→_______ kind→_______ tired→______rude→________ friendly→_______ happy→_______3.将形容词词尾-ant或ent变为____或____different→_______ intelligent→_______ important→_______ confident→_______ dependent→_______4.以-ble结尾的形容词将后缀变成___possible→_______ able→_______ flexible→_______ stable→_______5.形容词加后缀___deep→_______ strong→_______ long→_______ wide→_______ true→_______【特例】high→______三、其他常考名词后缀：1) act→_____(女演员) host→_____(女主人) wait→_____(女服务员) prince→_____(公主)2) bank→_____(银行家) village→_____(村民)3) music→_____(音乐家) magic→_____(魔术师)4) art→_____(艺术家) science→_______(科学家) physics→_______(物理学家) piano→______(钢琴家)chemistry→_______(化学家)【练习】根据后缀猜测下列单词的意思：freedom_____ wisdom _____ bravery______ mixture______ manageress_____ storage_____ satisfaction_____childhood_____ argument_____ solution______ assistant_____ baggage______ marriage_____ historian _____形容词后缀一、名词变形容词1.名词加后缀___luck→______ cloud→______ wind→______ noise→_____ rain→______ fog→_______ sun→_______milk→______ health→______ water→______2.名词加后缀___friend→_____ love→_____ day→_____3.名词加后缀___addition→_____ education→_____ nation→_____ nature→_____person→_____music→_____4.名词加后缀___fool→_____ self→_____child→_____5.将名词词尾-ance或ence变成____或____distance→_____ importance→_____ excellence→_____ presence→_____ absence→_____ violence→_____6.名词加后缀___danger→_____ courage→_____ poison→_____ nerve→_____ variety→_____help→_____ mouth→_____ meaning→_____ thought→_____ beauty→_____8.名词加后缀___wood→_____ gold→_____ wool→_____9.名词加后缀___east→_____ west→_____ south→_____ north→_____二、动词变形容词1.动词加后缀___act→_____ impress→_____ pass→_____ expense→_____ compete→_____2.动词加后缀___care→_____ use→_____ thank→_____ wonder→_____ forget→_____3.动词加后缀___或___enjoy→_____ move→_____ comfort→_____ change____ response→_____ rely____4.动词加后缀___或___wound→_________ miss→_________ use→__________ los e→_________interest→____________/____________ move→____________/____________e xcite→____________/____________surprise→____________/____________relax→____________/____________embarrass→____________/____________exhaust____________/____________touch→____________/____________【特例】die→_____三、其他常考形容词后缀1) 流行的_________类似的__________规则的_________2) 军事的_________志愿的__________想象中的_______3) 惹麻烦的_______英俊的__________4) 科学的_________有机的__________【特例】形容词的否定后缀___count→________ wire→________ home→________ help→_______ care→_______ harm →_______基数词变序数词基数词后加____变成序数词four→_____five→_____eight→_____nine→____ twelve→_____twenty→_____thirty→_____ 【特例】one→_____ two→_____ three→_____形容词变副词1.直接加词尾____quiet→_____ real→_____ careful→_____ quick→_____ hopeful→_____2.以“辅音+y”结尾，先将____，再加____happy→_____ heavy→_____ steady→_____ angry→_____ easy→_____ lucky→_____3.若形容词以“le”结尾，则将e直接改成____terrible→_____ possible→_____ gentle→_____4. 绝大多数以e结尾的形容词直接加____polite→_____wide→_____wise→_____少数以e结尾的形容词，要去__加____true→_____形容词变动词1.形容词加后缀___short→_____ sharp→_____ soft→_____ hard→_____ less→_____worse→_____2.形容词加后缀___beautiful→_____ simple→_____ pure→_____常考否定前缀1. direct→_____(间接的) visible→_____(看不见的) formal→_____(非正式的) correct →___(不正确的)2. happy→________(不高兴的) usual→_______(不寻常的) known→________(不知名的) married→_______(未婚的) emp loyment →_______(失业) like (prep)________3. possible→____(不可能的) polite→____(没礼貌的) patient→____(不耐烦的) balanced→____(失去平衡的)4. honest→________(不诚实的) agree→_________(不赞成) advantage→_________(不利条件)appear→____(消失) order →________(无序，紊乱) like (vt.)→______5. understand→_________(误解) lead→_________(误导) fortune→________(不幸)6.regular →_______(不规则的) responsible→________(不负责任的)7. legal→_______(非法的) logical→________(不合逻辑的)【练习】（利用词缀知识猜测单词的意思）unfair____ nonstop____ abnormal____ unload____ noncooperation___ unexpected____ inaccurate____misjudge____ disability____ independence____ transplant____ anti-body____ unbelievable____。

2022年高考英语语法填空词形变换易错词过关动词变名词achieve---____________ n.admit---________ 过去式_______ n.appreciate---____________ n.astonish---____________ n.appear---_____________ n.behave---_____________ n.beautify---_____________ n.bore---__________ n.classify---___________ n.consider---____________ n.contribute---_____________ n.decide---____________ n.depart---____________ n.discover---____________ n.deliver---____________ n.equip---__________过去式；__________ n.expand---____________ n.extend---____________ n.explain---_____________ n.grow---_____________ n.hesitate---_____________ n.invite---_____________ n.laugh---_____________ n.lie---_____________ n. (说谎的人)marry---_____________ n.organize---_____________ n.(组织，机构)perform---_____________ n.(表现)pronounce---_____________ n.prefer---_____________ n.protect---_____________ n.propose---_____________ n.refuse---_____________ n.respond---_____________ n.reserve---_____________ n.purify(净化，使纯化)---___________ n.serve---________ (服务)n.________ (仆人)n.succeed---_____________ n.solve---_____________ n.translate---___________(翻译)n.___________(翻译人员)n. reduce---_____________ n.admire—____________apply—___________/__________（申请人）approve—_____________arrive—__________attract—____________beg—__________believe—__________celebrate—__________choose—__________conclude—_________compete—______/______（竞争者，选手）create—__________divide—__________2describe—_________depend—__________recover—__________discuss—__________exist—____________expect—___________fail—_____________graduate—_________govern—___________/__________（州长）introduce—___________identify--____________--__________（身份）judge—___________ lazy—_________lose—________mix—_________permit—__________prepare—__________explain—__________please—___________pollute—___________（污染物）relax—___________refer—___________repeat—__________satisfy—__________secure—__________starve—__________survive—__________/__________（幸存者）tend—__________ vary—__________wide—_________动词名词变为形容词agriculture——adj. _________admire—admiration _________volunteer——adj. _________ ambition—adj. _________ effect—adj. _________ anxiety—adj. _________ accept—adj. _________ afford—adj. _________ age—adj. _________ access—adj. _________ absence—adj. _________ believe—adj. _________ benefit—adj. _________ care—adj. _____________________ change—adj. _________ comfort—adj. _________ caution—adj. _________ center—adj. _________ convince—adj. ______________ continue—adj. _________ curiosity—adj. _________ confidence—adj. _________ danger—adj. _________ determine—adj. _________ fortune—adj. _________ forget—adj. ___________________ fog—adj. _________fool—adj. _________ face—adj. _________gift—adj. _________3 horror—adj. _________humor—adj. _________honor—adj. _________heat—adj. _________hate—adj. _________impress—adj. _________ n. _________invent —adj. _______influence—adj. _________ice—adj. _________imagine adj. ________________ n. _________ knowledge—adj. _________ limit—adj. _________luck—adj. _________Lose adj. _________ n. _________mountain—adj. _________mud—adj. _________memoryadj. ____—_____mistake—adj. _________nation—adj. _________nature—adj. _________noise—adj. _________origin—adj. _________office—adj. _________poison—adj. _________pride—adj. _________physics—adj. _________ n. _________race—adj. _________responsibility—adj. _________reason—adj. _________rely—adj. _________remain—adj. _________sleep—adj. _________science—adj. _________type—adj. _________thirst—thirstyterror—adj. _________value—adj. _________vary adj. _________shine—adj. _________形容词变为名词accurate—n. _________ silent—n. _________ efficient—n. _________ short—n. _________ weak—n. _________ fluent—n. _________ private—n. _________aware—n. _________free—n. _________warm—n. _________bored—n. _________deep—n. _________wise—n. _________strong—n. _________long—n. _________high—n. _________wide—n. _________safe—n. _________secure—n. _________cruel—n. _________disabled- n. _________形容词副词相互转换absolute—adv. _________ honest—adv. _________ extreme—adv. _________ honorable—adv. _________ hungry—adv. _________ angry—adv. _________ important—adv. _________ possible—adv. _________ dry—adv. _________ gentle—adv. _________ probable—adv. _________ simple—adv. _________ lucky—adv. _________ shy—adv. _________ peaceful—adv. _________ real—adv. _________ successful—adv. _________ terrible—adv. _________ horrible—adv. _________ happy—adv. _________ full—adv. _________ anxious—adv. _________ annual—adv. _________ brave—adv. _________ normal—adv. _________ large- adv. _________ lazy—adv. _________ natural—adv. _________wise—adv. _________ warm—adv. _________ full—adv. _________ dull—adv. _________ basic—adv. _________ scientific—adv. _________ scientific-- adv. _________。