2011上海高级口译笔试真题及答案

2011年上海口译考试中级口译笔试（全真试题+答案）完整版SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where ___________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ (3).Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: ‘Go away, you _____________ (8).’ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o’clock smile: ‘Thank you very much. I _____________ (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.’ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ (10)!Then you have ___________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o’clock in the morning; _____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and agai n at eleven o’clock _____________ (13).You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ (15); if you are nervous; if you are watching TV; _____________ (16); if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea ______________ (17); if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not ______________ (18). I sleep at five o’clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _____________ (19) during the day; I have the _____________ (20) even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONL Y ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.(B) The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.(C) I don’t watch TV that much, be cause of the omnipresent advertisements.(D) I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2. (A) The plane arrived at 7:30.(B) The plane arrived at 8:00.(C) The plane arrived at 9:00.(D) The plane arrived at 10:00.3. (A) I’ll ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.(B) I’ll think more about the agreement before making a decision.(C) It’s obvious that I’ll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.(D) It’s out of que stion that I should get into any agreement with you.4. (A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.(B) Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.(C) It’d be better if no one had attended this morning’s committee meeting..(D) The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. (A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.(B) Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.(C) There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.(D) People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. (A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. (A) For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curiou s about other people’s restatements.(D) Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.(B) We’d better draft and then sign a written agreement.(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. (A) I don’t think you have more to say on that topic.(B) I think we’d better talk about that in detail sometime later.(C) I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.(D) I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONL Y ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11—1411. (A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five12. (A) A profit-making private school.(B) A non-profit-making independent school.(C) A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.(D) A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. (A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15—1815. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. (A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary(B) The American Heritage Dictionary(C) The Dictionary of Legal Terms(D) The Drinking Water Dictionary17. (A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.(B) It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.(C) It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.(D) It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. (A) A school dictionary. (B) A college dictionary.(C) A general dictionary. (D) A specialized dictionary.Questions 19—2219. (A) He’s bought his wife a present. (B) He’s missed an important phone call.(C) He’s dismissed his new secretary. (D) He’s popped out shopping.20. (A) Talking about the latest fashion.(B) Offering special reductions.(C) Giving bigger discounts to female customers.(D) Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. (A) Upside down and inside out. (B) Inside out and back to front.(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs. (D) With its pattern upside down.22. (A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.(C) A white pullover with a pattern.(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23—2623. (A) That of a creator. (B) That of a re-creator.(C) That of a receiver. (D) That of a performer.24. (A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.(B) Because we want to give full attention to the driving.(C) Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.(D) Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. (A) In the elevator. (B) In the car.(C) In the bathroom. (D) In the church.26. (A) By perceptive and analytical listening.(B) By taking a sonic bath.(C) By attending classical concerts.(D) By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27—3027. (A) His grandfather’s house. (B) His parents’ remarks.(C) A magazine. (D) A coursebook.28. (A) Enjoying visiting zoos. (B) Driving a car.(C) Making money. (D) Taking kids to a museum.29. (A) It died a few years ago. (B) It killed several tourists.(C) It is only a legend. (D) It is a living dinosaur.30. (A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.(B) No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.(C) There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.(D) The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1—5The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example, because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.(B) The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.(C) Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.(D) The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2. What follows ‘in other words’ (para.1)?(A) An example of the previous sentence.(B) A new idea about the court system.(C) An item of evidence to call for a trial.(D) A restatement of the previous sentence.3. According to the passage, ‘he can go free’ (para.3) means _________.(A) the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him(B) the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent(C) the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not(D) the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial4. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?(A) To pay for the judge and the trial.(B) To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.(C) To ensure that the suspect will return to court.(D) To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.(B) The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.(C) It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.(D) The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6—10S o you’ve got an invention—you and around 39,000 others each year, according to 2002 statistics!The 64,000-dollar question, if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you’ve invented a lawnmower which cut s grass with a jet of water (not so daft, someone has invented one), is how to ensure you’re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity. How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense?One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention. That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years. And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London’s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The first ‘letters patent’ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam. The letters, written in Latin, are still on file at the office. They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to ‘import into this country’ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch. These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost £165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild. That’s if he’s lucky. By no means all who apply to the Patent Office, which is a branch of the Department of Trade, get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge, Principal Examiner (Administration), who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—‘ingenuity’.6. People take out a patent because they want to __________.(A) keep their ideas from being stolen(B) reap the rewards of somebody else’s ingenuity(C) visit the patent office building(D) come up with more new devices7. The phrase ‘the brain-children of inventors’ (para.5) means _________.(A) the children with high intelligence(B) the inventions that people come up with(C) a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis(D) a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass8. What have the 1600’s machine gun and the present-day laser in common?(A) Both were approved by the monarch.(B) Both were granted by King Henry VI.(C) Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.(D) Both were patented.9. Why is John Utynam still remembered?(A) He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.(B) He is the first person to be granted an official patent.(C) He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.(D) He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10. According to the passage, how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention?(A) It is rather expensive(B) It is an impossible task.(C) It is extremely difficult.(D) It is very tricky..Questions 11—15All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism. Cereal grains when brought in from the field, although they may appear to be dry, may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more. If they are stored in a bin thus, there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects. These insects will, therefore, live and breed and, as they grow and eat the grain, it provides them with biological energy for their life processes. This energy will, just as in man, become manifest as heat. Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator, the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that, not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat. Sometimes, the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire. For safe storage, grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways. The plant seeds, wheat, rye, rice, barley millet, maize, are themselves structures evolved by nature to provide stored food. The starch of their endosperm is used for the nourishment of the embryo during the time it over-winters (if it is a plant of the Temperate Zone) and until its new leaves have grown and their chlorophyll can trap energy from the sunlight to nourish the new-grown plant. The separation by threshing and winnowing is, therefore, to some degree part of a technique of food preservation.The direct drying of other foods has also been used. Fish has been dried in many parts of the world besides Africa. Slices of dried meat are prepared by numerous races. Biltong, a form of dried meat, was a customary food for travelers. The drying of meat or fish, either in the sun or over a fire, quite apart from the degree to which it exposes the food to infection by bacteria and infestation by insects, tends also to harm its quality. Proteins are complex molecular structures which are readily disrupted. This is the reason why dried meat becomes tough and can, with some scientific justification, by likened to leather.The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutionscommonly called ‘brine’ does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying, particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures. It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion. That is to say, the outer parts may be dried leaving a moist inner section. Under these circumstances, preservation is only partial. The dried food keeps longer than it would have undried but it cannot be kept indefinitely. For this reason, traditional processes are to be found in many parts of the world in which a combination of partial drying and pickling in brine is used. Quite often the drying involves exposure to smoke. Foods treated in this way are, besides fish of various sorts, bacon, hams and numerous types of sausages.11. According to the passage, insects spoil stored cereals by ________.(A) consuming all the grain themselves(B) generating heat and raising the surrounding temperature(C) increasing the moisture content in the grain(D) attacking each other for more grain12. In speaking of the traditional methods of food preservation, the writer ________.(A) expresses doubts about direct smoking(B) describes salting and pickling as ineffective(C) condemns direct drying(D) mentions threshing and winnowing13. Direct drying affects the quality of meat or fish because ________.(A) it exposes them to insects(B) it makes them hard(C) it damages the protein(D) it develops bacteria14. We can learn from the passage that salting preserves food by ________.(A) destroying the protein(B) drawing away moisture from the food(C) drying the food in the sun(D) dressing the food15. According to the passage, partial drying is useful because ________.(A) it damages the protein less(B) it can be combined with pickling(C) it leaves the inside moist(D) it makes the food softQuestions 16—20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors areconcerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labor? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.(A) to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled(B) to process information as fast as possible(C) to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism(D) to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.(A) their greater speed of operation(B) their control of the product quality(C) their conveyor belt system of continuous production(D) their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.(A) plenty of information(B) surplus human energy(C) destructive outbursts(D) less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’ (para.4)?(A) Effort.(B) Force.(C) Excess.(D) Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.(B) Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.(C) The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.(D) Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21—25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3,000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B.C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome’s water commissioner around A.D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans’ flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.21. The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT _________.(A) earth (B) wood (C) copper (D) stone22. Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities of water probably because _________.(A) the Romans could build them more cheaply(B) these channels could follow uneven ground more easily(C) the Romans could not build large pipes。

SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Note-taking and Gap-fillingDirections: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk only once. While listening to the talk, you may take notes no the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. Youare required to write ONE word or figure only in each lank. You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.Advertising is important to companies because no company can make a ________(1) onany product unless it advertises it first in the ____________(2). There are three categories of media: print, broadcast and __________(3). The print media consist of newspapers and________(4). Newspaper ads can reach large numbers of people, but they are not very___________(5) or glamorous. Magazine advertisement allows a business to direct its ads to the people who are most ___________(6) in the product, but it can be very expensive. The broadcast media include __________(7) and television. Of all the media, television is the most dramatic. so television ads are easy to __________(8).What's more, almost everybody watches TV, and most TV programmes are broadcast_______(9). TV ads are viewed by millions of people all over the country. TV advertisement is enormously ___________(10).The most common direct medium is the __________(11). The advantage is that the ad goes directly in the ___________(12) customer's hands. But these ads are often calle d “________(13) mail”, and are thrown away without being ___________(14).Another direct medium is _____________(15), those huge signs on the street. The messageon billboards is ____________(16), but it has to be very _________(17). The third type of direct medium is signs and ____________(18), which are usually used in point of purchase advertising and can be found in ______________(19) and shop windows. The advantage is that they are______________(20).Part B: Listening and TranslationⅠSentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (2)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (3)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (4)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (5)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages only once. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write you version inthe corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _________(2)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _________SECTION 5: READING TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer INCOMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1～3A “Campaign for Real Braille” has been set up after pl ans to introduce capital letters intothe braille alphabet have split the blind community.The Braille Authority of the United Kingdom (BAUK) has announced that by 2000it is introducing capital letters into a code which has previously only used lower-case characters. Supporters say that it is necessary because of the increasing use of capitals as abbreviations,as well as their use in e-mail addresses. It will also bring the UK in line with otherEnglish-speaking countries.But opponents, such as Sara Morgan, the 25-year-old founder of the campaign, argue it will push up costs and make books more cumbersome. “There aren't many industries where they actively make costs go up,” she said. “What I think in particularly ironic, though, is the factthis is going to come in at the same time as the Disability Discrimination Act. So, just as we're asking restaurants to provide braille menus we're making it more expensive to do so.”Braille, devised by Louis Braille in the 19th century is based upon a system of six raiseddots arranged to represent each character in the alphabet and several short-form words. Around 12,000 people use braille in this country.BAUK said that it took the decision to go-ahead with plans to introduce capitals after a questionnaire completed by 1,200 braille readers showed that a majority was in favour of change.The secretary of BAUK, Stephen Phippen, said: “The reason the decision was made wason the basis of the questionnaire, answered by individual members, not on what BAUK thought.”Overall 46 per cent of people were in favour of introducing a capital letter sign wherever a capital letter appears in print and just under 30 per cent were against. Among the respondents classing themselves as visually impaired (those who have some ability to read by sight) it was more popular compared to those who can read braille only by touch.Ms Morgan said the figures showed “there wasn't even a majority”. But Mr. Phippen said:“Those in favour were more or less 50 per cent. Those against were roughly half that. So twice as many people are in favour as against.”A spokesman for the National Library for the Blind said a survey done by it in 1994/5found readers were not in favour. The results of the BAUK survey however convinced them, and a spokesman said the y would implement the change.“We recognise there are advantages and disadvantages and we shall be working with our readers to help them understand how this symbol will operate,” he said.The introduction of capital letters is projected to take place by the end of 1999.“There are pros and cons,” admits Mr. Phippen. “But it should be noted that we are theonly English speaking country which has not yet introduced capital letters and of all the other countries which have not one has regretted it and tried to move back.”However Ms Morgan added: “We are determined to fight it all the way. They have got tostop trampling over people's rights.”1. Give a brief introduction of Braille system.2. What is the major issue discussed in the passage?3. what can be learned from Mr. Phippen's talk?Questions 4～6Modern woman may be better educated, have a better job and earn more money than her grandmother ever dream of, but in one way he life remains the same—eight out of ten women still do the household chores.Only 1 per cent of men say they do the washing and ironing or decide what to have for dinner. The only area where average man is more likely to help out is with small repairs around the house.The report Social Focus on Women and Men, by the Office for National Statistics, foundthat attitudes to women working have changed drastically over the past decade. Whereas in 1987 more than half of men and 40 per cent of women agreed with the statement, “A husband's job is to earn the money, a wife's job is to look after th e home and family”, that view had halved among both sexes by 1994.The numbers agreeing strongly with the statement, “A job is all right but what mostwomen really want is a home and children”, had also halved from 15 pre cent to 7 per cent of men feeling that way and 12 per cent to5 per cent of women.Women's increased participation in the world of work has been one of the most striking features of recent decades. Nearly half of all women aged 55 to 59 have no qualifications. But their granddaughters are outperforming their male peers across the board, and from1989overtook boys at A-levels.Gender stereotypes persist at this level of education, however, with more than three-fifths of English entrants being female, wile a similar proportion of maths entrants are male. A greater number of boys take physics and chemistry whereas girls predominate in social sciences and history.The explosion in higher education means there was a 66 per cent increase in number offemale undergraduates and a 50 per cent increase in the number of male undergraduates between 1990-91 and 1995-96.Women are also making breakthroughs in specific are4as of employment. Women nowform a slight majority among new solicitors although they make up only one-third of all solicitors. Since 1984 the number of women in work has risen by 20 per cent to 10.5 million. But when it comes to pay, they still lag behind their male peers. Women earn on average 80per of what men do per hour. They are also far more likely to work part-time or with temporary contracts.Part of the reason for this is because women still take the main role in childcare, althoughthey are more likely to work than in the past. The number of mothers with children under five doubled between 1973 and 1996. And the number of women who return to work within nine to eleven months of the birth increased dramatically. In 1974, only 24 per cent of women returned in this period compared with 67 per cent in 1996.The relationship between the sexes has also seen changes. Seven in ten first marriages arenow preceded by cohabitation compared with only one in twenty first marriages in themid-1960s. Since 1992 women in their early thirties have been more likely to give birth than those in their early twenties, although the fertility rate is still highest among those aged 25 to 29.4. What is the theme of the passage?5. What are gender stereotypes? List the gender stereotypes at the level of higher education discussed in the passage.6. What are the major changes concerning the status of women in Britain?Questions 7～10A new form of cloning to provide every baby with an embryonic “twin”, from which spare body parts could be grown and life threatening diseases treated is expected to be approved within weeks by senior government advisers on medical ethics.If their report is accepted by ministers, it would mean that Britain—which 20 years ago pioneered the test tube baby and last year produced Dolly, the world's first cloned mammal—could be the first to clone a human embryo.A working party from the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) and the Human Genetics Advisory Commission is expected to come down firmly against reproductive cloning, the process of replicating a living human being. It is expected to recommend government support of so called stem cells, stem cells, are extracted and used to grow spare parts, treat diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's or address the debilitating effects of cancer, strokes and heart attacks.Dr. Austin Smith, the scientist likely to be granted the first licence for the work, said thatwithin the next 12 years it would be routine for every baby to have an embryonic clone.“All it takes now is financial investment,” said Smith, director of Edinburgh University's centre for genome research. The crucial discovery of embryonic stem cells, from which skin, bone. muscles, nerves and vital organs grow, was made earlier this month by scientists in America.In a submission to the HFEA, Smith said that in order to isolate these cells it is only necessary for the embryo to develop in the laboratory for six days, well within the 14-day limit of current regulation.The cells would then be grown and manipulated to make anything from blood or brain cellsto tissue for repairing damaged organs and, ultimately, parts that could be transplanted without fear of the host body rejecting them.The development is likely to meet strong opposition from the church. Dr. Donald Bruce, creating an embryo in the knowledge that it would then be destroyed was “very disturbing” to most people.Father Paul Murray, secretary to the Catholic bishops joint bio-ethics committee, said that whatever the potential benefits, it should be regarded as “intrinsically evil” because the research depended on the use of foetal material.However, Professor Christine Gosden, professor of genetic medicine at Liverpool University, one of the four senior government advisers on the cloning sub-committee, said there would be no opportunity for abuse.For many years, patients with Parkinson's disease who did not respond to drugs have been treated with brain cells extracted from aborted foetuses, a practice approved by a committee led by the Rev Dr. John Polkinghorne, the prominent ethicist.Gosden said the arguments for the use of aborted foetal cells and therapeutic cloning were similar: “Before you have a disease, it is easy to say, ‘I would not use cells derived from a foetus’, but if you suffer from that disease, and that is your only hope, your approach can be quite different.”7. What is the new form of cloning discussed in the passage? What is the purpose of such cloning?8. Summarise the different views on baby cloning discussed in the passage.9. Explain the statement “All it takes now is financial investment.” (para.6)10. What is the significance of the discovery of embryonic stem cells?SECTION 6: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.十月的上海，阳光明媚，秋高气爽，来自35 个国家和地区的1300余名比赛选手参加了在沪举行的本世纪最后一届世界中学生运动会。

以下是考试⼤⼝译笔译站点考后第⼀时间为您整理的2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译真题、答案、解析，供参考。

2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试真题、答案、点评汇总听⼒2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分真题下半场(沪江版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题Listening Comprehension2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题spot dictation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试上半场听⼒下载(mp3)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试下半场听⼒下载(mp3)翻译2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题及答案passage translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试翻译真题(英译汉)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题、答案sentence translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)阅读2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼀篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼆篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第三篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第四篇原⽂(昂⽴)题⽬出处2011年⾼级⼝译笔试听⼒原⽂出处：传统医学2011.9⾼级⼝译笔试阅读原题出处: 欧洲为何不再举⾜轻重点评2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译上半场总评(昂⽴版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒新闻题权威讲评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒NTGF点评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分Spot Dictation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒Listening Comprehension 4评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译passage translation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译下半场汉译英评析　答案2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试答案解析(完整版)。

2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案（汉译英）合营企业设董事会，其人数组成由合营各方协商，在合同、章程中确定，并由合营各方委派。

董事会是合营企业的最高权力机构，决定合营企业的一切重大问题。

董事长由合营各方协商确定或由董事会选举产生。

董事长是合营企业法定代表人。

董事长不能履行职责时，应授权其他董事代表合营企业。

An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be appointed by the relevant parties. The highest authority of the joint venture shall be its board of directors, which shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture. The chairman shall be determined through consultation by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. Should the chairman be unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture.董事会会议由董事长负责召集并主持。

春季上海中高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总2011年春季中级口译真题翻译原文及参考答案2011年春季中级口译考试听力S-T小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力P-T第一篇小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力P-T第二篇小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力T&C小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力Spot小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力Statements小评2011年春季中级口译考试翻译原文和参考答案(沪江版)2011年春季中级口译考试听力原文及评析2011年春季中级口译考试听力单句听译SD点评2011年春季中级口译考试听力详细笔记2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第一篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第二篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第三篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第四篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第五篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第六篇简述2011年春季上海高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总1 2011年春季高级口译真题翻译原文及参考答案查看2 2011年3月高级口译听力Spot Dictation原文(昂立教育版) 查看3 2011年3月高级口译听力Spot Dictation原文(沪江) 查看4 2011年3月高级口译听力上半场第二部分原文(沪江) 查看5 2011年3月高级口译听力上半场第四篇原文(昂立教育版) 查看6 2011年3月高级口译句子听译原文和答案(沪江) 查看7 2011年3月高级口译段落听译原文和答案(沪江) 查看8 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第一篇原文(新东方版) 查看9 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第三篇原文(新东方版) 查看10 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第四篇原文(新东方版) 查看11 2011年3月高级口译翻译原文和参考答案(新东方版) 查看12 2011年3月高级口译阅读下半场第一篇原文及解析(新东方版) 查看13 2011年3月高级口译阅读下半场第二篇原文及解析(新东方版) 查看14 2011年3月高级口译翻译原文和参考答案(沪江版) 查看15 2011年3月高级口译英译汉的八大难词分析查看考试大口译笔译站点收集整理。

2011年3月高级口译听力完整答案及听力原文及解析听力答案SECTION ONE：LISTENING TESTPart A Spot Dictation：1. freedom and connection2. top five benefits3. to think differently4. old boring way of doing things5. oppose the common wisdom6. fixed and boring7. invite your inner child out8. shifts the new world of discovery9. every human spent time10. brought a smile to your face11. and a feeling of inner peace12. watch your joy factor13. to reduce stress14. basic to human existence15. adaptive abilities16. healthy answers to challenging situations17. add a feeling of relaxation18. stimulate the imagination19. more meaningful understanding20. various possible situationsPart B Listening Comprehension：1-5 BDBBC 6-10 BDACB11-15 BCDAC 16-20 ABCBCSECTION TWO：READING TEST1-5 C D D A A 6-10 C D B C C11-15 A D B D B 16-20 B D B B CSECTION FOUR：LISTENING TESTPart A Note-taking and Gap-filling：critical/ vital/ important/ essentialsaving/ cure/categoricallydeprofessionalizeddistancinghistoryListening75%10%laboratorytechnologyrelationshipinefficienttechnologiesdrugshospitalizationrewardbeyondcaringpatientPart B: Listening and Translation：Ⅰsentence translation1、首先让我们来定义这两个术语。

上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2011年9月(总分：9.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、口语题Directions：Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number reco rded. Start your talk with "My name is…," "My registration number is… ".(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.Topic. Should the National Museum hold trademark shows?Questions for Reference：1. What do you think should be the major mission of the National Museum of China?2. Do you agree with the view that showing a commercial brand in our national museum is a humiliation to Chinese culture? Why or why not?3. Some people hold that the showing of a luxury brand can be a perfect combination of art and business, and it will make the museum more lively, modern and inclusive. What is your comment?（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part ADirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数：1，分数：4.00)（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(许多瑜珈练习者并不在意瑜珈的内涵，而更注重它给自己身体带来的外在变化。

2011年9月上海市中级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. 口译题口译题Part A Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.听力原文：The Shanghai World Expo 2010 has left me a very deep impression. It is really a welcome celebration. The theme of the Expo is “Better city, Better Life”. The expo first and foremost offers a unique window onto the world’s diversity. From one pavilion to the next, we have discovered the cultures of different cities. We can also see how each city is managing the formidable challenge of reserving the past, planning the future and creating the conditions for living together. Globalization has brought us closer together and we will work together to make cities work for everyone. They must be places where the benefits of education, culture, science and information are accessible to all.1．Passage 1正确答案：中国2010年上海世博会给我留下深刻的印象。

参考答案: SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Dictation 1. the majority of employees 2. that affect them 3. two-way communication 4. within the company 5. set in motion 6. between managers and staff 7. value consultation with our workforce 8. to perform effectively 9. know the basic facts 10. more efficient 11. give you one example 12. new products 13. some outline about a company’s profit 14. its competitors 15. future product plans 16. hear about it 17. ignore the face 18. communicate with supervisors 19. what is going on 20. they haven’t been told formally Part B: Listening Comprehension 1-5 B D C A C 6-10 C B C A C 11-15 C A D A D 16-20 A B D A C SECTION 2: READING TEST 1-5 D D B C B 6-10 B C B D A 11-15 C D B A D 16-20 D B C C B SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST 如果各公司断然采取西⽴国家裁员的做法以增加利润，⽇本⼀度令⼈羡慕的失业率将上升⾄两位数。

2011年9月高级口译考试原文与解析【Spot Dictation】What’s in a surname? You may ask. A new website project has been released, that helps you locate your past. Have you ever wondered why your ancestors gathered where they did, or where others with your surname live now.A research project investigating the distribution of surnames in Britain answers these questions. And another study has found the surnames are still extremely regional.Smith, for example, remains the most common surname in Britain, used by more than half a million people. It has exactly the same concentration it always did in Lerwick, in the Scottish Shetland Islands. Jones is the No. 2 surname, and is the most common among hill farmers in north Wales.The data used for this project comes partly from electoral register. A number of other files are held by Ex-pairing, which is probably Britain's largest collector of data about individuals.There're some of us who are fairly predictable. Campbell, for example, as you might expect, is somewhat concentrated in the northern parts of Scotland, and it appears really bizarre to be found somewhere else.Well, with 25, 000 names as difficult to generalize, what you can do is put them in general categories, if, for example, you look at names which are people's work. Like the name, Webber, you might find it is much more common in the Midlands than in the south of England. If you go to Wales, most people get their names from their ancestors and in Yorkshire for example, a lot of people have names based on the places that they originally lived in or at least their ancestors did.Well, we only have 25, 000 names on this website, but there're another 50, 000names now found in Britain and they're particularly interesting, for they arenon-British names. Most British names are fairly common and about what we can now do as such is look for the frequency of all names from different parts of the world and different faiths, religions and languages. And what there is in names is actually extremely useful for researchers in anthropology and sociology may find a lot about different immigrant groups and their descendants now living in this country.【Listening Comprehension】Listening Comprehension 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.W：We heard up there that if you are turned down the first time, you try and persevere, but I can’t imagine going back to a boss after you have been turned down.M：Don’t give up. It’s so important not to give up. The first thing that you wanna do is try to understand what the situation is, engage in some candid conversation. I understand that you weren’t happy with my proposal or you are not able to approve it at this time. Tell me what some of your concerns are, because asking for a change in schedule is often about negotiation. So, maybe we can come up with some type of alternative or middle ground, and if that’s not possible right now, let’s se t a timetable for when we can revisit it, because what’s not possible today, could be plausible in 3 or 6 months from now, because circumstances and attitudes change. So don’t give up.W：Right! You don’t have to be a pest.M：That’s right.W：But just don’t give up quietly. OK. We hear bosses saying,” I can’t have people just wake up one day and say, ‘I need more time off’”, what are they really saying?M: That’s right. You can’t walk i n and just make those demands. The bottom lineis bosses really do want us to be happy, but not at the expense of productivity. And any type of a change in schedule, any type of flexibility, really, is an accommodation, not an entitlement, and so it doesn’t matter why I am asking, whether it’s “I am a mom, and I need more time with my kids.” or “I am a dad who wants to coach a soccer team.” It doesn’t matter what my reasons are for asking. I have to be able to convince the boss that I’m gonna produce result s. W: That’s one of these reasons you should say over and over again. Don’t go in with the pressing problem. Go in with the pressing solution.M: Solutions really are your way to victory, not always. But you are definitely not gonna succeed, if you go in with a laundry list of problems. If I come and I say: “I’m so sick of my commute. I really have to work from home one day a week.” W: But maybe the most skepticism raised by bosses is about the fact that you’re really gonna do as much or even more work. How do you convince your boss that you mean it that more work will be done. How do you convince and then show them.M: Offer benchmarks. It’s the best solution that you can provide. Because you are gonna say here is the proposal that I have. And here is h ow we’re gonna measure the results. Because I know results are important to you, and are important to me, too. So maybe we’re gonna have a conversation for 50 minutes every two weeks. So that we understand how the flow of communication is working. And if y ou are not happy, or I’m not happy, we have the ability to make changes along the way.W: Right.M: Flexibility is the key. In terms of getting these special accommodations, because I might say I want to work from home every Friday. But you know what? If there is a pressing business need, I will swap days. I will be here on that Friday，and so being flexible with this arrangement, with this propose change of schedule. Hopes you get control of your life, and keep the boss happy.1.What are the two people talking about?2. What is the bottom line for the bosses on the matter according to the man?3. What is the best solution to the issue being discussed in the conversation?4.Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation?5. What is the relationship between the two speakers most probably? Listening Comprehension 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.Huston USAFederal authorities have shut down dozens of web domains as part of a crackdown on trafficking in counterfeit goods or copyrighted works. Internet users attempting to access the websites now are greeted by a notice that the sites have been seized by the Department of Homeland Security’s Immig ration and Customs Enforcement.‘The coordinated federal law enforcement operation targeted online retailers of a diverse array of counterfeit goods, including sports equipment, shoes, handbags and sun-glasses as well as illegal copies of copyrighted DVD boxed sets, music and software,’ the Justice Department said the crackdown involved the seizure of 82 sites. Twelve of the cases were investigated by Houston-based agents with Homeland Security Investigations, but most of the sites are based overseas, particularly in east Asia, according to the Houston office of Homeland Security Investigations.Canberra, AustriaSouth Africa and Australia have said the next managing director of the International Monetary Fund should be appointed on merit and not nationality. The pair say the current appointment system undermines the IMF's legitimacy. The body has always been headed by a European, and UK chancellor George Osborne has backed Christine Lagarde, French economy minister, for the post.The position is vacant after Dominique Strauss-Kahn resigned last week so he could fight sexual assault charges.For too long, the IMF's legitimacy has been undermined by a convention to appoint its senior management on the basis of their nationality," Australian Treasurer Wayne Swan and South African Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan said in a joint statement.In order to maintain trust, credibility and legitimacy in the eyes of its stakeholders, there must be an open and transparent selection process which results in the most competent person being appointed as managing director, regardless of their nationality.Kabul AfghanistanSuicide bombers wielding machine guns have stormed a government building in eastern Afghanistan, officials say.Initial reports say at least three gunmen wearing suicide vests shot their way into the traffic police headquarters in Khost city.Security forces have surrounded the compound and a gun battle is taking place, police say. At least one person is reported to have been killed. The attack comes a day after a suicide bombing in Kabul killed at least six.In the latest attack, a guard was killed in the initial assault which happened at about 5 o’clock on Sunday, said the army commander for Khost province.The provincial police chief told the local news agency that there were three other police officers who had been wounded. The Taliban said it carried out the attack.London, UKThe first service that allows users to pay for purchases via their mobile phone has been launched in the UK.Users wishing to use the system - dubbed Quick T ap - will need Orange and Barclaycard accounts as well as a handset set up for contactless payments.The idea of the mobile wallet is gaining popularity around Europe.“Having a wallet on my phone has made it much more convenient to make purchases on the move and I like that it allows me to keep track of what I'mspending as I go," said David Chan, chief executive of Barclaycard Consumer. Later this summer, users will also be able to use the service to pay the toll on the M6 motorway.Richyvic IcelandThe Icelandic authorities have imposed a local flight ban after the country’s most active volcano, Grimsvotn, began erupting. A plume of smoke has risen 12 miles into the sky from the volcano. But Iceland's Meteorological Office says the eruption should not cause widespread disruption to air traffic. Last year, ash clouds from another Icelandic volcano, led to the closure of a large section of European airspace. Governments feared that ash particles could cause aircraft engines to fail, andthe closure caused chaos to air travelers. The Icelandic civil aviation authority has imposed a flight ban of 120 nautical miles around Grimsvotn. The authority spokeswoman said: "We have closed the area until we know better what effect the ash will have." "The ash in Grimsvotn is more coarse and not as likely to cause danger as it falls to the ground faster and doesn't stay as long in the air as the eruption last year."Domestic airline Icelandair said no traffic had been affected.6.the US federal authorities shut down 82 web sites trafficking and counterfeit goods, in which part of the world are most of these sites based?7.On which of the following factors should IMF boss be appointed according to Austria and South African officials?8.At least how many people are reported to have been killed when suicide bombers storm an Afghan police base on Sunday?9.What new service has recently been offered to UK shoppers?10. Which of the following is true about the latest eruption of Iceland’s most active volcano?Listening Comprehension 3Questions 11-15 are based on the following interview.W: Remember the setting for the movie the Truman show？It looked like a nice place to live. Well, for the most part, it wasn’t a set .The town actually exists and it was built on the concept of new Urbanism, the idea of using architecture and planning to nurture civic ties and to encourage interaction between neighbors. In central Florida, the World Disney Company is running its own experiment in new urbanism, a town called Celebration. Andrew Ross is a professor of American studies at New York University. He spent a year living in Celebration, getting to know the town and its people. Now Professor Ross, could you say something about this?M: The town more or less borrows very heavily from new urbanized principles. That’s the town-planning movement that is pledged to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than automobiles. But many aspects of that kind of design of town are really aimed at maximizing social interaction between residents.W: And from your point of view, this would be laudable goals? I mean you go to some horrible sprawl communities and places like southern California, and you’ll see houses that only present garage doors to the street, and a community set-up where you absolutely have to drive to every single place and no one ever sees each other.M: And what make Celebration unique? There are many things that make celebration unique but one of them is the very high level of media scrutiny. By the time I got there to spend my year in Celebration, this was a community of folks who are already the most scrutinized people on the planet and that generated a very high level of performance anxiety among the folks living there. Really, that trickle down all the way from the Disney boardrooms to the school restrooms, ceaselessly assessing how the community was doing, whether it was creating a vibrant sense of interaction and participation and whether it wasbeing a success or a failure.W: Now, despite all the planning that went into Celebration, it evolved in what turned out to be unpredictable ways. A lot of people were disappointed there, some people less disappointed.M: A lot of folks who moved in there had very high expectations. A goodly number of them were Disney files, who had been accustomed to high levels of customer satisfaction from the company in their vacation experiences. Obviously, those high expectations would be inevitably thwarted at some level. But most folks, and we are talking about a self-selected group of pioneers who moved in there, were people who had moved from the cheerless isolation of a lot of other suburban places, were very hungry for community, very much looking for a town where they could fully participate and create and define the sense of community there.W: What about the attempts of the planners to engineer community where there will be a mixture of incomes? Was that effective?M: Initially it was effective and this is highly unusual in the American housing landscape to find fairly pricy houses just a spit away from multi-family rental apartment buildings. You just don’t find that anywhere in American housing landscape. The problem is that a lot of new Urbanist Towns like Celebration become commercially successful and Celebration has indeed been that. What happens is the housing prices rise and the low-inco me folks can’t afford to live there anymore. That’s already beginning to happen. There were working-class people who I knew in Celebration who had moved in there as pioneers and Lord knows how they made ends meet and they did. Certainly, it wasn’t cheap to live in town but increasingly those low-income folks won’t be able to afford that.11. About which of the following is Professor Ross being interviewed?12. Which of the following is not promised by new urbanized principles?13 . What, among many other things, makes the town of Celebration unique?14 . What can we probably tell about Celebration from the interview?15. Which of the following statements is true about those who had?Listening Comprehension 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.Hello, I’m Amber and you’re listening to BBC learning . In London life today, we sit down to a traditional British breakfast in a smart London restaurant and a ‘greasy-spoon café’! A ‘greasy-spoon café’, or ‘caff’, is the opposite of a smart restaurant!We find out what the traditional British breakfast is made of, and why it is becoming more and more popular, especially in London, to eat breakfast in a café before arriving at the office for a hard day’s work.Now let’s listen to what an American anthropologist, Kaori O’Connor says. According to Kaori O’Connor, strangers to England have a ‘vague vision’, an unclear picture in their minds, of what the traditional British breakfast is –perhaps it’s served from silver dishes on a grand ‘sideboard’. As you listen, try to catch what Kaori lists as the three main ingredients of the great British breakfast.She says ‘It’s a meal that everyone outside of England has heard of, and dreams about, and we don’t know what it is, but when we come h ere, we want to eat it. And we have some vague vision of, you know, a sideboard with silver dishes and it’s just going to be the most wonderful thing on earth and I got here, and I went to a café and there was the bacon, eggs and chips, and I thought –gos h, is this all there is?!’Did you catch it? Kaori says she went into a London café for breakfast and there it was ‘bacon, eggs and chips’! Bacon is meat from a pig that has been salted and dried, and it is fried for a traditional English breakfast!The eggs are usually fried too, and there is also usually some kind of bread – perhaps fried bread or even, as Kaori saw, chips –fried potatoes! So now let’s go to a smart London restaurant where chef Lawrence Keogh is frying atraditional breakfast! You can hear the sizzling in the background! He explains why he eats breakfast –the egg and bacon are ‘protein’, for example – protein is healthy. ‘it keeps you going all day’. It’s ‘sustenance’, nourishment, healthy food.As you listen, try to catch what he say s is a new trend, or fashion in London’s top restaurants.Lawrence Keogh says ‘I think it’s fundamental to the start of the day. If I’ve got a long day at work, I try and eat egg and bacon in the morning because it’s protein – it keeps you going all day. You know really, we do a lot of business meetings as well now in the morning –the place is very busy – and I think you see it across London now, there’s lots more people having business meetings in top restaurants and it’s getting very fashionable to have breakfast.’ Well, Did you catch it? Laurence says that more and more people are having ‘business meetings in top restaurants and it’s getting very fashionable to have breakfast.’Well our last stop today is a greasy-spoon café. Russell Davies is an expert on these! He’s written a book called ‘Egg, Bacon, Chips and Beans: 50 Great Cafes and the Stuff That Makes Them Great’. He explains what makes a great breakfast in a down-market London café. He writes in the book ‘I would say the café experience, you kno w, it’s less than 50% the food, as it were, there’s also the atmosphere, there’s the fact that in a decent cafe, they’re not going to hurry you out. There’s the smells, there’s the sounds, you know, the badly-tuned radio, the eccentric art on the wall, the kind of odd condiment choice and most cafes are so small that it’s the best place for eavesdropping and just kind of listening to other people’s conversations16. What is the main topic of this talk?17. Which of the following is usually not included in the great British breakfast?18. What’s the new trend or fashion in London’s top restaurants according to Chef Lawrence Keogh?19. Which of the following does not make the atmosphere in a down-marketLondon café?20. What can we conclude about a traditional British breakfast from the talk? 【Translation Test(英译汉)】1. In the coming decades, Europe’s influence on a ffairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason for NATO’s increasing marginalization stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that — talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military.在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对国际事务的影响力将会锐减，推动和定义21世纪的将是世界上的其他地区，绝非欧洲。