医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit 2

Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Listening
Listening
• Finding Major Points
– Pausing before starting an important point – Using repetition to emphasize a point – Changing the pitch, volume and rhythm of his/her voice for emphasis – Using introductory phrases to precede an important idea. For instance, “It is essential for you to know …”, “Remember that …” – Use facial gestures or body movement when they are emphasizing a point
Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Topics for presentation
1. What do the two choices imply?
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Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Listening
Suggested answers
Key to Task 1 of Listening
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
as incomes rise, health can decline diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer a change in lifestyle / in diet the decline of overall health of a country the local community and the South African government

Unit TwoBody Temperature and MetabolismSection A1—f 2—j 3—i 4—a 5—b6—h 7—c 8—d 9—e 10—gSection BPassage 1I. Reading Comprehension1.What is the normal range of human body temperature?96.5-99.5ºF (36-38ºC)2.Describe the pathways of heat loss through the skin.Since the skin covers the body, most body heat is lost from the skin to the environment. The arterioles in the dermis may constrict or dilate to decrease or increase blood flow, thereby decreasing heat loss or increasing loss of heat to the environment. The other mechanism by which heat is lost from the skin is sweating.Small amounts of heat are also lost in what is called “insensible water loss”3.Explain why the hypothalamus is called the thermostat of the body.The hypothalamus is responsible for the regulation of body temperature, and is considered the “thermostat” of the body. As the thermostat, the hypothalamus maintains the “setting” of body temperature by balancing heat production and heat loss to keep the body at the set temperature.4.Explain what is meant by metabolic rate and kilocalorie.Metabolic rate is usually expressed as an amount of heat production. The energy available from food is measured in kilocalories (kcal). Kilocalories are also the units used to measure the energy expended by the body.5—B 6—D 7—A 8—B 9—A 10—DII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—Vasodilation 2—metabolism 3—Anabolism 4—neurons 5—dehydration 6—hemoglobin 7—catabolism 8—thyroxine9—digestive 10—peristalsisPart B1—Transferring 2—saturate 3—fluctuate 4—evaporate5—radiation 6—encompass 7—humidity 8—generate9—convection 10—disperseIII. TranslationPart A1.At either end of the age spectrum, however, temperature regulation may not be asprecise as it is in older children or younger adults.然而，在年龄段两端的人群，其体温调节精确程度都不如少年或青年人。

Unit 1 The Endocrine SystemQuiz on Medical TerminologyTask 11. thyrotoxicosis2. pancreatectomy3. hypogonadism4. estrogenic5. hypophysectomy / pituitectomy6. hyperglycemia7. thyroiditis8. endocrinologist9. hypertrophy 10. somatotropinTask 21. adenocarcinoma adeno/carcin/oma 腺癌2. secretodermatosis secreto/dermat/osis 皮肤分泌异常3. hormonopoiesis hormone/poies/is 激素生成4. hypoparathyroidism hypo/para/thyr/oid/ism 甲状旁腺功能减退5. prothymocyte pro/thymo/cyt/e 前胸腺细胞6. pancreatolysis pancreato/lys/is 胰组织破坏7. peripancreatitis peri/pancreat/itis 胰周炎8. gonadoblastoma gonado/blast/oma 成性腺细胞瘤9. ovariohysterectomy ovario/hyster/ec/tom/y 卵巢子宫切除术10. triiodothyronine tri/iodo/thyr/on/ine 三碘甲状腺素11. estradiol estra/di/ol 雌二醇12. myatrophy my/a/troph/y 肌萎缩13. myxosarcoma myxo/sarc/oma 黏液肉瘤14. adrenocorticotropin adreno/cortico/trop/in 促肾上腺皮质激素15. tetraiodothyronine tetra/iodo/thyr/on/ine 四碘甲状腺素Text BReview Questions1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. D7. B8. C9. B 10. A Case Study1. C2. C3. A4. B5. C6. B7. A8. B9. A 10. BUnit 2 The Nervous SystemQuiz on Medical TerminologyTask 11. c2. b3. h4. e5. d6. g7. f8. i9. j 10. aTask 21. B2. A3. D4. C5. A6. AText BReview Questions1. B2. A3. D4. A5. A6. D7. D8. A9. D 10. C True or false1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. T7. T8. F9. F 10. TUnit 3 The Urinary System Text AQuiz on Medical Terminology1. C2. D3. B4. B5. C6. B7. D8. D9. A 10. BApplying Theory to PracticeThe sodium chloride increased the concentration (osmolarity) of his blood without affecting the volume of blood. The increased concentration of his blood stimulated ADH secretion from the posterior pituitary gland. The ADH caused the kidney to produce a small volume of concentrated urine.Text BTrue or False1. F2. T3. T4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. F 10. TBlank Filling1. Edema2. stagnation3. dysuria4. dyspnea5. intravenous6. arteriosclerosis7. catheter8. metaboliteMatching1. b2. c3. d4. e5. aApplying Theory to PracticeThe female urinary bladder is more accessible to bacteria from the exterior because the urethra of a female is much shorter than that of the male. For this reason urinary bladder infections are more common in females than in males.Case Study1. C2. B3. C4. B5. A6. BUnit 4 The Reproductive System Medical TerminologyQuiz on Medical Terminology1. D2. B3. D4. D5. C6. A7. C8. D9. A 10. BText BReview Questions1. A2. D3. A4. C5. B6. A7. D8. A9. D 10. BQuiz on Terminology1. menorrhagia2. vaginitis3. leucorrhea4. Pap test5. mammography6. cervicitis7. endometriosis8. conization9. PID 10. dysmenorrhea True or false1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. T8. T9. F 10. FUnit 5 The Integumentary System Medical TerminologyQuiz on Medical Terminology1. 毛囊皮脂腺的2. 皮真菌病3. 角化症（皮肤的角质生长）4. 皮肤炎5. 黑瘤6. 白血球, 白细胞7. 甲真菌病8. 黄瘤9. 皮下组织10. 脂肪瘤Unit 6 Special Senses1. A2. C3. B4. D5. D6. A7. B8. CWord Formation1.blepharitis2. conjunctivitis3. dacryoadenitis4. iritis5. keratitis6. scleritis7. retinitis8. blepharoptosis9. lacrimal 10. intraocularUnit 7 Genetics and Development Medical TerminologyQuiz on Medical TerminologyTask 11. C2. B3. D4. A5. B6. C7. D8. A9. C 10. DTask 21. 常染色质2. 优球蛋白3. 巨核细胞4. 超声检查5. 异型配子6.同种器官的7. 胎盘炎8. 接合孢子9. 促性腺素10. 同工酶11. 核糖核苷12. 足力计13. 骨盆胎头测量法14. 突变原15. 生育三烯酚Unit 8 Oncology1. B2. B3. A4. A5. B6. A7. B8. C9. A 10. AText BReview Questions1. C2. A3. D4. B5. C6. C7. A8. B9. B 10. CTrue or false1. F2. F3. F4. T5. T6. F7. T8. T9. F 10. TMatching1. k2. c3. l4. f5. b6. g7. d8. e9. i 10. aTranslation1. As a supplement of operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, biotherapy has played a notable role as the forth treatment of renal cell carcinoma.2. X rays and antibiotics are adjuvant to surgery.3. Biotherapy uses biological response modifiers to enhance the immune system and destroy cancerous cells.4. Tumor markers are specific enzymes, antigens, proteins, hormones, or genes that can indicate malignancies.5. Can western medicine cure cancer without surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy?Unit 9 MedicationText AReview Questions1. B2. C3. D4. C5. B6. A7. D8. D9. B 10. C MatchingTask 11. d2. b3. f4. a5. e6. c7. j8. i9. g 10. h Task 21. g2. f3. b4. a5. h6. d7. e8. cMedical TerminologyQuiz on Medical Terminology1. B2. A3. C4. C5. A6. B7. D8. C9. B 10. B Applying Theory to Practicea. rectal administrationb. topical applicationc. parenteral administrationd. oral administratione. additive actionf. toleranceg. idiosyncrasyh. antagonistic。

医护英语新职业英语第三版unit2课后答案1、—Would you like some milk?—Yes, just _____, please. [单选题] *A. a little(正确答案)B. littleC. a fewD. few2、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. （）[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting3、The trouble turned out to have nothing to do with them. [单选题] *A. 由…引发的B. 与…有牵连C. 给…带来麻烦D. 与…不相干(正确答案)4、6．Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *A．getting onB．getting offC．getting with (正确答案)D．getting5、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] *A. to read(正确答案)B. readingC. readD. to reading6、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried7、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment8、78．According to a report on Daily Mail, it’s on Wednesday（）people start feeling really unhappy. [单选题] *A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that(正确答案)9、If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _____ choice. [单选题] *A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better(正确答案)10、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)D. cost11、—Can you play tennis?—______. But I can play basketball.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I canB. Yes, I doC. No. I can’t(正确答案)D. No, I don’t12、34．My mother isn't in now, but she will be back ______ ten minutes. [单选题] * A．forB．beforeC．in(正确答案)D．at13、Chinese is one of ____ most widely used languages in ____ world. [单选题] *A. a, theB. /, theC. the, the(正确答案)D. a, /14、_______, Mr. Smith. [单选题] *A. Here your tea isB. Here is your tea(正确答案)C. Here your tea areD. Here are your tea15、You should finish your homework as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. 赶快地B. 尽能力C. 一...就D. 尽快地(正确答案)16、--Don’t _______ too late, or you will feel tired in class.--I won’t, Mum. [单选题] *A. call upB. wake upC. stay up(正确答案)D. get up17、She is _______, but she looks young. [单选题] *A. in her fifties(正确答案)B. at her fiftyC. in her fiftyD. at her fifties18、Mary, together with her children ,_____ some video show when I went into the sitting room. [单选题] *A. were watchingB. was watching(正确答案)C. is watchingD. are watching19、They returned successfully from ______ moon to _____ earth. [单选题] *A. /; /B. /; theC. the; the(正确答案)D. the; /20、30．It is known that ipad is _________ for the old to use. [单选题] *A．enough easyB．easy enough (正确答案)C．enough easilyD．easily enough21、What’s the point of going to school when I can’t do anything there? [单选题] *A. 时间B. 意义(正确答案)C. 方向D. 目标22、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went23、These two films are very interesting. I like them _____. [单选题] *A. eitherB. neitherC. allD. both(正确答案)24、Jane and Tom _______ my friends. [单选题] *A. amB. isC. are(正确答案)D. was25、16．Lily is a lovely girl. We all want to ________ friends with her. [单选题] * A．haveB．make(正确答案)C．doD．take26、If you pass your exams, we’ll have a party to celebrate. [单选题] *A. 宣布B. 发表C. 解放D. 庆祝(正确答案)27、The secretary was asked to_____of the waste paper on the desk. [单选题] *A.disappearB.dispose(正确答案)C.declareD.got rid28、Where have you _______ these days? [单选题] *A. been(正确答案)B. beC. isD. are29、—Could you please make the bed?—______.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I wasB. No, I don’tC. Sure, I’ll do it(正确答案)D. No, that’s no problem30、The car _______ after forty minutes driving, so he didn’t have the interview on time. [单选题] *A. broke down(正确答案)B. broke inC. broke outD. broke up。

当代医学英语2关注健康课后答案当代医学英语2旨在培养学生良好的英语学习习惯，提升学生英语的综合运用能力，使英语学习不只是单纯的背诵记忆等单一功能。

在教学中教师要引导学生形成良好的阅读习惯与理解能力，并且要注重培养他们的语言交际能力，从而使他们能够将所学知识运用于实际生活中。

目前我国已经进入老龄化社会，老人生活质量下降以及营养失衡都是引起老年人死亡的主要原因。

然而当今我国社会人口老龄化速度也越来越快。

作为中国唯一一个人口过亿而没有发生老龄化问题的国家，老龄化对我国未来经济增长与社会稳定也产生了很大影响……因此，为了改善我国老年人的生存质量。

作为一名英语教师需要不断学习和提高自己的专业技能以更好地帮助学生走向未来而不仅仅是“纸上谈兵”，同时在教学过程中需要提高学生应对医学问题并进行准确表达方法的能力、用多种方式表达所学知识并将它们灵活运用于实际生活中！让我们来看看当代医英2课堂上有哪些答案吧。

1.对于脑卒中，首先应进行脑卒中相关认知和症状的诊断，再由专业医生进行指导。

请回答 A。

在这一节的学习中，我主要想强调的是：卒中患者是不能在家进行康复治疗的。

这一节的学习了脑卒中相关认知和症状的诊断，同时还让我们了解了在家进行康复治疗(probability integration)对于脑卒中患者的重要性(probability integration)对脑卒中患者进行康复治疗时可以起到很好地作用(retropositive)。

这一节我们学习了当患者在家进行康复治疗时，应该怎么进行康复治疗(probability integration)。

在这一节的学习中，我向学生们展示了如何通过一些简单、快速、直观、有效而且简单易操作的方法来帮助患者进行康复治疗(probability integration)。

其中包括了如何通过言语训练或者其他手段来改善患者在家中康复治疗所带来的一些问题……因此，在这一节的学习中，我向学生们介绍了通过什么样的方法可以提高老年人在家中康复治疗所带来的一些问题和机会……这一节是通过使用 probability integration这个词在我们脑海里构建一个完整图来让学生们理解什么是“居家康复”这个词的含义并让学生们能够更好地理解这一行为对于一个健康老人所带来哪些好处。

KeyUnit 1 IntroductionPart OneSituational Dialogues1. Hello; Please call; nurse; How can2. Hello; What’s your problem; please call; am nurse ; Can I help you.Part TwoText AI. 1. antibodies 2. accessory 3. tactile 4. skeleton system 5. exhale6. evaporation7. cartilage8. Striated muscles9. ova 10. residues II. 1. cardiovascular diseases 2. function of the pituitary 3. the urinary tract4. molecules5. artery6. endocrinology7. dyspnea/difficulty in respiration8. saliva 9. histology 10. blood circulation 11. hematology 12. physiology13. anatomy 14. the female reproductive system 15. nervous cells16. immunology 17. indigestion/ poor in digestion 18. voluntary muscle19. embryology 20. psychologyText BI. 1. endemic disease 2. provoked, addiction 3. succumb to 4. ward off5. mental retardation6. An acute disease7. susceptible to8. potential , assumes9. epidemic diseaseII. 1. to impair proper function 2. to contaminate the environment3. malfunction4. causative agent5. vulnerable groups6. localized infection7. venereal disease 8. antigen and antibodyUnit 2 The skeletal SystemPart OneSituational Dialoguesproblems; pain; buttock ; X-ray ; mobilePart TwoText AI. I. Text Comprehension1. The skeletal system is composed of various types of connective tissue, including bone and cartilage.2. The skeletal system have four basic functions. They are support, protection, movement, Mineral storage and blood cell production.3. calcium and phosphorus4. In males, calcium loss typically does not begin until after age 60.5. Because age on the skeletal system is decrease in the rate of protein formation that results in a decreased ability to produce the organic portion of bone matrix. As a consequence, bone matrix accumulates a lesser proportion of organic matrix and a greater proportion of inorganic matrix. In some elderly individuals, this process can cause their bones to become quite brittle and more susceptible to fracture.II. Vocabulary1. C2.B3.D4.A5.BText BI. I. Text Comprehension1.Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease of the tissue lining the joints.2.Young children, as well as grown men and women, may suffer from it.3.He has swelling, redness, heat and pain in one or more joints.4.In older adults, the disease is usually of long standing, and varying degree of deformity andpermanent damage.boratory examination, X-ray films and biopsy.I.Word Formation1. 关节风湿病风湿病学家风湿痛风湿（性）致风湿病的风湿病风湿病样的风湿性硬化风湿疹2. 关节水肿骨关节炎滑膜关节膜炎骨关节病滑膜瘤关节病骨癌成滑膜细胞关节镜骨细胞产生滑液的关节切除术切骨术滑膜炎II.TranslationA. 1. Rheumation arthritis is a chronic and general disease, the cause of which is not certain.2. The joints of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis are usually swollen and painful.3. As the disease progresses, joint pain and swelling increase and muscular stiffnessbecomes even more marked.4. In joints which have been immobilized by pain and muscular spasm, fibrous or bonyankylosis may take place.5. In more advanced cases pain and muscle spasm give rise to flexion deformities in theaffected joints.B. Rheumatoid arthritis is a poly-articular affection, often bilateral and symmetrical, mostcommonly involving the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands and the smaller joints generally. The wrist, ankle, shoulder, and the temporomandibular joints are also subject to the disease.Part ThreeWriting Skills1. 判断下列标题的书写格式是否正确，并将错误的标题改正。

Text C
Suggested answers
Key to Task 2 of Listening
• Project HOPE – A calling on the U.N.: strong actions on • Treatment • Prevention – The health-based NGO: programs in 35 countries on 5 continents • Project HOPEL the HOPE Center located in Johannesburg, South Africa
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Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Topics for presentation
“Old enemies never die.”
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Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Unit Contents
Lead-in Text A
Text B Text C Listening Speaking Writing Get ready for Unit 3
Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
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Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Lead-in
• information-filling task
Outbreak Year Cause Prevalence

（完整版）医学专业英语1-4单元术语解释、短语和课后习题答案Chapter 1Human Body as a WholeMedical TerminologyLearn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixes and write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided.1. a hormone secreted from the adrenal gland2. inflammation of the adrenal gland3. pertaining to medicine4. pertaining to biology5. pertaining to chemistry6. pertaining to the blood vessel7. pertaining to cells8. pertaining to molecules9. pertaining to the medicine of the living thing10. the study of the living thing11. pertaining to the physics of the living thing12. the study of the heart13. the disease of the heart14. the record of the heart waves15. the study of the human inner secretion from glands16. pertaining to the production of hormone17. the study of inner gland secretion18. the red blood cell19. the white blood cell20. the lymph cell21. the study of cell23. the study of biology of cell25. the tumor of the embryo26. the study of the disease of the embryo27. the study of the human inner secretion from glands28. pertaining to the inside of the heart29. pertaining to the inside of the cell30. above the skin31. above the skin32. inflammation of the skin33. red blood cells34. instrument of measuring red blood cells35. to breathe out the waste gas36. to drive somebody or something out37. to spread outside38. sth that produces diseases39. the study of blood40. blood cells41. the study of tissues42. the study of tissue pathology43. therapy treatment, hence tissue treatment44. pertaining to the base45. pertaining to the toxin46. pertaining to symptoms47. the study of body’s auto protection from diseases48. protected from49. deficiency in the immune system of the body50. substance from the adrenal gland51. water from it52. the study of societies55. lymph cells56. tumor of the lymphatic system57. the study of the lymphatic system58. the study of physical growth59. a doctor of internal medicine60. treatment by physiological methods61. the new growth ,tumor62. the study of mind63. abnormal condition of the mind64. the study of the relationship between psychology and biology65. a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland66. the condition of under activity of the thyroid gland67. the inflammation of the thyroid gland68.cutting apart the human body as a branch of medical sciences69. cut open the bone70.to cut the heart open71. pertaining to the blood vessel72. inflammation of the blood vessel73. pertaining to the lymphatic system and the blood vesselKey to the Exercises B.1.（embryo）embryology2.(process/condition) mechanism3.(heart) cardiovascular4.(color) chromatin5.(secretion) endocrinology6.(cell) cytology7.(sth. that produces or is produced) pathogen8.(lymph) lymphatic9.(the study of) psychology10.(pertaining to) regularLanguage Points:put together组成known as 叫做joints between bones关节to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hip joint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replaced by bone 骨化one bone moves in relation to the other两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质nourishment营养物质function发挥功能waste products废物accumulate积聚poison the body危害生命distributes运送needed materials有用的物质unneeded ones废物is made up of包括protect…against foreign invaders防止外来侵袭（See! Power Point）identical对等的receives吸收traveled through流经forced out压送reenter流入directly直接地channels 管道filters过滤larynx喉管trachea气管two lungs左右肺very large number of 大量的air spaces肺泡release释放出extending 延伸到broken down分解absorbed into吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管Key to the Section B Passage 1 Exercises B.1. (The skeletal system consists of bones, joints and soft bones.)2. (Heart is generated when muscles are contracted, which helps keep the bodytemperature constant.)3. (The circulation of blood carries useful materials to all bodycells while removing wasteones.)4. (Oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled in the process of respiration.)5. (The digestion of food involves both mechanical and chemical procedures.)6. (The urinary system keeps normal levels of water and of certain chemicals in the body.)7. (The pituitary is a major gland located under the brain in the middle of the head.)8. (The brain collects and processes information and then sends instructions to all parts ofthe body to be carried out.)9. (The main function of the male reproductive system is to generate, transport and keepactive male sex cells.)10. (The largest of the bo dy’s organs, the skin protects the inner structure of the body with acomplete layer.)Key to the Section A Passage 1 Exercises E.1.cardiovascular diseases2. function of the pituitary3. the urinary tract4. molecules5. artery6. endocrinology7. dyspnea / difficulty in respiration 8. saliva9. histology 10. blood circulation11. hematology 12. physiology13. anatomy 14. the female reproductive15. nervous cells 16. immunology17. indigestion / poor in digestion 18. voluntary muscle19. embryology 20. psychologySection B, Passage 2 Cells and TissuesLanguage PointsOrganized组（构）成arranged in to构成in turn are grouped into又进一步组成serves its specific有特定的bear in mind记住result from源于billions亿万determind确立fit on合在一起by contrast相比之下machinary机构while normally在正常情况下function with great efficiency高效地发挥作用are subject to易于发生result in导致millionth百万分之一equal等于average一般 a speck barely visible基本上看不见的一个小点The science that deals with cells on the smalleststructural and functional level is called molecular biology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。

Unit ThreeThe Cardiovascular SystemSection A1—e 2—h 3—b 4—c 5—d 6—g7—l 8—j 9—k 10—i 11—a 12—fSection BPassage 1I. Reading Comprehension1.What’s the distinction between the blood from atria to ventricles and that fromventricles to atria?Most blood flows passively from atria to ventricles, but all blood to the arteries is actively pumped by the ventricles.2.Could you describe the variations of the heart rate of a healthy adult and aninfant?At different age and state, people have different heart rate. A healthy adult has a resting heart rate of 60 to 80 beats per minute; a child’s normal heart rate may be as high as 100 beats per minute, that of an infant as high as 120, and that of a near-term fetus as high as 140 beats per minute. The heartbeat of athletes is from35 to 50, which is much lower compared with the average heart rate.3.How is the cardiac output related to physical exercise?Heart rate increases during exercise, and so does stroke volume. The more the cardiac muscle fibers are stretched, the more forcefully they contract. During exercise, more blood returns to the heart; this increased venous return stretches the myocardium of the ventricles, which contract more forcefully and pump more blood, thereby increasing stroke volume. The exercise cardiac output is twice the resting cardiac output. The cardiac output of a healthy young person may increase up to four times the resting level during strenuous exercise. The marathon runner’s cardiac output may increase six times or more compared to the resting level; this is the result of the marathoner’s extremely efficient heart.4.How are heart sounds produced?The first sound is created by the closure of the A V valves during ventricular systole; the second sound is created by closure of the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves. Improper closing of a valve results in a heart murmur.5—D 6—A 7—B 8—A 9—D 10—BII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—nicotine 2—contractions 3—myocardium 4—pulmonary 5—arrhythmia 6—Ventricular 7—diastole 8—fibrillation9—systole 10—membranePart B1—simultaneous 2—accumulated 3—coordinate 4—consistency 5—Spontaneous 6—acceleration 7—strategies 8—strenuously 9—distinctive 10—specializedIII. TranslationPart A1.Ventricular contraction forces blood against the flaps of the right and left A Vvalves and closes them; the force of blood also opens the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves.心室收缩使血液施压于左右房室瓣并使其关闭；血液的压力也使主动脉半月瓣和肺动脉半月瓣打开。

第一篇人体疾病第一章对人体的简要概述使我们对两个被认为是医学基础的不同学科有了初步认识，这两个学科就是解剖学与生理学。

然而不把病理学包括进去，这种概述是不完整的，因为病理学是研究疾病引起的结构和功能变化的学科。

实际上，现代对疾病的研究方法强调病理学与生理学的密切关系，并强调在治疗任何人体疾病时了解病理学与生理学基础的必要性。

The brief survey of the human body in Chapter One has given us a glimpse into two different studies that are considered the fundamentals of medical sciences, namely anatomy and physiology. However, the picture is not plete without considering pathology, the science that deals with the structural and functional changes produced by the disease. In fact, the modern approach to the study of disorder emphasizes the close relationship of the pathological and physiological aspects and the need to understand the fundamentals of each in treating any body diseases.那么什么是疾病呢？它可以被定义为正常机能或者部分机能遭受损害时的一种状态。

每一种生物，无论植物还是动物，都会生病。

例如，人类常常被微小的细菌感染，但是细菌又转而可能被更加微小的病毒感染。

Key参考译文Text A人体了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。

研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。

其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。

解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。

本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。

骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。

它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨骼肌，引起各种运动。

人体有206根骨头。

骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。

许多骨里有一个内层间隙，里面填充着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。

关节把骨与骨连接起来。

颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。

但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。

如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。

软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。

它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。

它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。

一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、骨化、使婴儿长大成人。

肌肉系统使躯体运动，肌肉收缩产生的热有助于维持一个恒定的体温。

人体能够有意识地控制条纹肌。

结缔组织使肌肉末端附着于不同的骨面上，所以当肌肉收缩时，两骨彼此靠近百产生运动。

这也就使整个人体可能运动起来，如走路，运动躯体某个部位，如弯曲手指。

心脏收缩和平滑肌收缩就不是被意识所控制的。

器官壁内层的平滑肌，如胃肠壁的平滑肌把胃肠中的物质运送到全身。

循环系统：机体的所有部分需要营养物质的氧气来使之发挥功能和生长，也需要在这些器官所产生的废物积聚而危害生命之前将其排除。

循环系统运送有用物质，排泄废物。

心血管系统是循环系统的组成之一；心血管系统包括心脏、血管及血液。

血液也是机体防御系统的一个部分，血液中有抗体及白细胞来防止机体受到外来的侵袭。

医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit1Unit OneCytologySection A1—e 2—f 3—h 4—j 5—b 6—a7—l 8—d 9—k 10—c 11—g 12—iSection BPassage 1I. Reading Comprehension1.What are all living organisms made of?All living organisms are made of cells and cell products.2.How do oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse within the body?Oxygen diffuses from the air to the blood to be circulated throughout the body.Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the air to be exhaled.3.What is true of the cell membrane?The cell membrane is not a static or wall-like boundary, but rather an active, dynamic one. It is selectively permeable, that is, certain substances re permitted to pass through and others are not.4.When a cell divides, what happens to the chromatin?When a cell divides, the chromatin coils extensively into visible chromosomes.Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein.5—A 6—A 7—C 8—B 9—A 10—BII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—Plasma 2—Cholesterol 3—cytoplasm 4—chromosomes5—Osmosis 6—diffusion 7—ribosomes 8—Filtration9—phagocytosis 10—homeostasisPart B1—be involved in 2—permeable 3—decompose 4—hypotheses5—broke off 6—facilitate 7—engulfed 8—floats9—collide, collide 10—diluteIII. TranslationPart A1.Although the DNA in the nucleus of each cell contains all of the geneticinformation for all human traits, only a small number of genes are actually active in a particular cell. These active genes are the codes for the proteins necessary for the specific cell type.尽管每一个细胞核中的DNA都包含有人类特性的所有遗传信息，但实际上只有少数基因在特定细胞中有活性，这些活性基因是特有的细胞类型所必需的蛋白密码。

医学英语教程外教社课后答案1、They returned successfully from ______ moon to _____ earth. [单选题] *A. /; /B. /; theC. the; the(正确答案)D. the; /2、90．—I want to go to different places, but I don’t know the ________. —A map is helpful, I think. [单选题] *A．price(正确答案)B．timeC．wayD．ticket3、92．China is a big country ________ a long history. [单选题] *A．hasB．haveC．with(正确答案)D．there is4、Our school is beautiful. How about _______? [单选题] *A. theirs(正确答案)B. theirC. theyD. them5、John is quite _______. He likes to attend activities in?his spare time. [单选题] *A. active(正确答案)B. quietC. lazyD. honest6、The book is very _______. I’ve read it twice. [单选题] *A. interestB. interestedC. interesting(正确答案)D. interests7、I _______ Zhang Hua in the bookstore last Sunday. [单选题] *A. meetB. meetingC. meetedD. met(正确答案)8、On Mother’s Day, Cathy made a beautiful card as a ______ for her mother. [单选题] *A. taskB. secretC. gift(正确答案)D. work9、—What can I do to help at the old people’s home?—You ______ read stories to the old people. （）[单选题] *A. could(正确答案)B. mustC. shouldD. would10、My brother is _______ actor. He works very hard. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. theD. one11、I have only two tickets for TF Boys’concert. ______ you ______ he can go with me.（）[单选题] *A. Either; or(正确答案)B. Either; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also12、I’m _______ I must be leaving now. [单选题] *A. afraid(正确答案)B. thinkC. thoughtD. free13、91．—Do you live in front of the big supermarket?—No. I live ________ the supermarket ________ the post office. [单选题] *A．across; fromB．next; toC．between; and(正确答案)D．near; to14、6．Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *A．getting onB．getting offC．getting with (正确答案)D．getting15、Taking the subway is quite fast and cheap. It can _______ both time and money. [单选题] *A. savesB. save(正确答案)C. earnD. use16、He prefers to use the word “strange”to describe the way（）she walks. [单选题] *A. in which(正确答案)B. by whichC. in thatD. by that17、Boys and girls, _______ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营)．[单选题] *A. puttingB. to putC. put(正确答案)D. puts18、This seat is vacant and you can take it. [单选题] *A. 干净的B. 没人的(正确答案)C. 舒适的D. 前排的19、The weather forecast says that we’ll have occasional rain tomorrow. [单选题] *A. 偶尔的B. 不停的C. 少量的(正确答案)D. 不可预测的20、Ordinary books, _________ correctly, can give you much knowledge. [单选题] *A. used(正确答案)B. to useC. usingD. use21、This is the news _______ you want to know. [单选题] *A. that(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. who22、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long23、50．—The sweater is not the right ________ for me.—Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one? [单选题] *A．priceB．colorC．size(正确答案)D．material(材料)24、For the whole period of two months, there _____ no rain in this area. Now the crops are dead [单选题] *A. isB. wasC. has been(正确答案)D. have been25、Can you _______ this form? [单选题] *A. fillB. fill in(正确答案)C. fill toD. fill with26、2．The villagers want to have a bridge. Can this dream ________? [单选题] *A．come outB．get awayC．come true(正确答案)D．get out27、10．﹣Could you please sweep the floor？I’m going to cook dinner．﹣__________．I’ll do it at once，Mom．[单选题] *A．I’m afraid notB．You’re kiddingC．It’s a shameD．My pleasure(正确答案)28、—Can you play the violin at the art festival?—No, I ______. But I am good at playing the drums.（）[单选题] *A. canB. can’t(正确答案)C. doD. don’t29、--What would you like to say to your _______ before leaving school?--I’d like to say"Thank you very much!" [单选题] *A. workersB. nursesC. waitersD. teachers(正确答案)30、Marie is a _______ girl.She always smiles and says hello to others. [单选题] *A. shyB. friendly(正确答案)C. healthyD. crazy。

医学生大学英语教材答案Unit 1: Introduction to MedicineSection A: Reading Comprehension1. C2. B3. A4. D5. ASection B: Vocabulary1. disease2. diagnosis3. therapy4. symptom5. infectionSection C: Grammar1. The doctor advised the patient to rest more.2. I haven't seen him since last week.3. By the time we arrived at the hospital, the surgery had already begun.4. It is important for medical professionals to keep up with the latest research in their field.5. If you had taken the medicine as prescribed, you would have recovered by now.Unit 2: Anatomy and PhysiologySection A: Reading Comprehension1. B2. D3. C4. A5. DSection B: Vocabulary1. organ2. tissue3. cell4. circulatory5. respiratorySection C: Grammar1. The heart pumps blood throughout the body.2. The lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.3. The skin acts as a protective barrier.4. The liver detoxifies harmful substances in the body.5. The brain controls the functions of the body.Unit 3: PharmacologySection A: Reading Comprehension1. C2. B3. A4. D5. CSection B: Vocabulary1. medication2. prescription3. dosage4. side effects5. overdoseSection C: Grammar1. The doctor prescribed a painkiller for the patient's headache.2. It is important to follow the recommended dosage of any medication.3. Some antibiotics can cause allergic reactions in certain individuals.4. The pharmacist advised the patient about the potential side effects of the medication.5. If you experience any adverse reactions, you should consult your doctor immediately.Unit 4: Medical EthicsSection A: Reading Comprehension1. D2. A3. C4. B5. DSection B: Vocabulary1. confidentiality2. consent3. ethical4. integrity5. professionalSection C: Grammar1. Doctors are bound by the principle of patient confidentiality.2. It is essential to obtain informed consent from patients before conducting any medical procedure.3. Medical professionals should always prioritize patient well-being over personal gain.4. Integrity is a crucial characteristic for anyone working in the medical field.5. The medical profession requires individuals to adhere to high ethical standards.Note: This sample answer only provides a brief outline as requested in the given title. The actual content of the answers may vary based on the specific textbook or curriculum being referred to.。

gnos-
knowledge
diagnosis诊断
prognosis预后
kin(o)-
kines(o)-
kinet(o)-
movement
kinase激酶
kinesiotherapy运动疗法
dyskinetic运动障碍的
esthesi(o)-
feeling
sensation
akinesthesia运动觉缺失
spinal cord
myeloencephalitis脑脊髓romyelocyte前髓细胞
ax(o)-
axi(o)-
axon
axolysis轴突分解
polyaxonic多轴突的
subaxial轴下的
cephal(o)-
head
cephalocentesis头颅穿刺术
ganglioglioneuroma神经节胶质神经瘤
gli(o)-
glia
glial胶质的
gliosarcoma胶质肉瘤
thalam(o)-
thalamus
thalamotomy丘脑切开术
hypothalamus下丘脑
pont(o)-
pons
ponticular小桥的
cerebropontile大脑脑桥的
bradyesthesia感觉迟钝
anesthesia感觉缺失，麻醉
sthen(o)-
strength
sthenometry体力测量法
asthenia无力，衰弱
myasthenia肌无力，肌衰弱
phren(o)-
diaphragm
mind
phrenalgia膈痛
paraphrenitis膈周炎

Reading A 11.细胞的专化程度越高，失去有丝分裂能力的可能性越大。

神经元是体内分化程度最高的，一旦神经系统的发育得以完成，它们就失去了分裂和繁殖的能力。

2.在此情况下，体内有属于同一谱系的母细胞，这些细胞尚未分化到失去分裂能力的程度。

它们已经得到充分的分化，因而它们产生的子细胞限定于同一细胞体系；但尚未分化到丧失积极增生潜力的程度。

Reading B 11.Normally, the rate of cell reproduction and the process of cell differentiation are precisely controlled so that both of these mechanisms cease once the appropriate numbers and type of cell are formed.2.Cell walls are very thin so that oxygen and carbon dioxide can easily get through.3.Many cells, especially those of the central nervous system and the heart, are extremely sensitive to low blood levels of oxygen results in serious damage.4.The undifferentiated stems cells that can be triggered to enter the cell cycl e are different from the cells that continue to divide and reproduce.5.In the blood there are many red blood cells that serve as vehicles for carrying oxygen.6.Besides neurons, there are other well-differentiated cells that are unable to divide.Reading A 21. 虽然发炎的影响因其令人不快和造成不适而常被认为是不好的，但发炎过程就其实质而言对人体却是有利的，它使人能应付日常压力的影响。

学术英语医学答案unit21、He used to get up at six in the morning,（)? [单选题] *A. used heB. did heC. didnt he (正确答案)D. should he2、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything3、—It’s too noisy outside. I can’t fall asleep.—I can’t, either. We have to ______ new ways to solve the problem.（）[单选题] *A. come up with(正确答案)B. get on withC. make up withD. catch up with4、You are getting too old for football.You had better _____tennis instead. [单选题] *A.take up(正确答案)B.take inC.take forD.take over5、Can I _______ your order now? [单选题] *A. makeB. likeC. giveD. take(正确答案)6、In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you___ take care of your luggage. [单选题] *A. canB. mayC. must(正确答案)D. will7、( ) What other books have you read___ this English novel? [单选题] *A. besides(正确答案)B. exceptC.inD. about8、I am worried about my brother. I am not sure _____ he has arrived at the school or not. [单选题] *A. whether(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. how9、We have ______ homework today. （）[单选题] *A. too manyB. too much(正确答案)C. much tooD. very much10、Have you kept in（）with any of your friends from college? [单选题] *A. contractB. contact(正确答案)C. continentD. touching11、（）of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night. [单选题] *A. NoneB. BothC. Neither(正确答案)D. All12、This year our school is _____ than it was last year. [单选题] *A. much more beautiful(正确答案)B. much beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautiful13、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an14、( ) It ___ the Chinese people 8 years to build the Dam. [单选题] *A. took(正确答案)B. costsC. paidD. spends15、You have coughed for several days, Bill. Stop smoking, _______ you’ll get better soon. [单选题] *A. butB. afterC. orD. and(正确答案)16、Either you or the president（）the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting. [单选题] *A. is handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out(正确答案)17、55．There is a ________ on in the bookshop. Let's go to buy some books. [单选题] *A．movieB．matchC．sale(正确答案)D．concert18、Then the speaker _____the various factors leading to the economic crisis. [单选题] *A.went onB.went afterC.went into(正确答案)D.went for19、The firm attributed the accident to（）fog, and no casualties have been reported until now. [单选题] *A. minimumB. scarceC. dense(正确答案)D. seldom20、His handwriting is better than _____. [单选题] *A. mine(正确答案)B. myD. me21、What he said sounds _______. [单选题] *A. pleasantlyB. nicelyC. friendly(正确答案)D. wonderfully22、——Have you（）your friend Bill recently? ———No, he doesnt often write to me. [单选题] *A. heard aboutB. heard ofC. heard from (正确答案)D. received from23、31．That's ______ interesting football game. We are all excited. [单选题] *A．aB．an(正确答案)C．theD．/24、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy25、If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _____ choice. [单选题] *A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better(正确答案)26、Hearing that he had passed _____ health examination, he immediately made _____ call to his parents. [单选题] *A. a; /B. the; /C. the; a(正确答案)D. a; the27、46．The pants look cool.You can ________. [单选题] *A．try it onB．try on itC．try them on(正确答案)D．try on them28、If you want to _______, you’d better eat more healthy food and do more exercise. [单选题] *A. keep fatB. keep calmC. keep healthy(正确答案)D. keep on29、—The weather in Shanghai is cool now, ______ it? —No, not exactly. （）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. isC. isn’t(正确答案)D. does30、He held his（）when the results were read out. [单选题] *A. breath(正确答案)B. voiceC. soundD. thought。