客运车安全带提醒系统方案书 V1.41

客运智慧监管系统设计方案一、系统背景随着城市交通的不断发展和人们对出行需求的增加，客运行业的规模不断扩大。

然而，客运行业的监管工作面临着越来越大的挑战，如如何合理分配车辆、如何控制运输安全风险等。

为了更好地管理和监管客运行业，设计一个客运智慧监管系统势在必行。

二、系统目标1.提高监管效率：通过智能化、自动化的方式对客运行业进行监管，提高监管工作的效率和准确性。

2.加强安全管理：通过监控车辆、运输路线等信息，及时发现并处理运输安全风险，提高客运行业的安全水平。

3.优化资源配置：通过数据分析和预测，合理分配客运资源，提高资源的利用率。

4.改善用户体验：通过客运智慧监管系统，提供给用户更便捷的出行服务，提高出行体验。

三、系统功能1.车辆监控：通过GPS定位、传感器等技术，实时监控客运车辆的位置、速度、行驶轨迹等信息，及时发现运输安全问题并采取相应措施。

2.运输路线规划：基于实时交通数据和道路拥堵信息，为客运车辆提供优化的运输路线，减少行车时间和堵车风险。

3.安全风险预警：通过数据分析和模型预测，及时发现运输安全风险，并预警相关部门和车主，提前采取措施保障运输安全。

4.乘客服务：提供乘客出行信息查询、预订、票价查询、评价反馈等服务，提高乘客的出行体验。

5.数据分析和决策支持：对客运行业的数据进行分析和挖掘，为决策者提供决策支持，优化资源配置和制定监管政策。

四、系统架构客运智慧监管系统的架构主要包括以下几个模块：1.数据采集模块：负责采集客运车辆、道路交通、乘客信息等相关数据，包括GPS定位、传感器数据、乘客订单等。

2.数据处理与存储模块：对采集到的数据进行预处理和存储，建立相应的数据库和数据仓库，以便后续的数据分析和决策支持。

3.数据分析与决策支持模块：对存储的数据进行分析和挖掘，提取有用的信息，并为决策者提供决策支持。

4.监控与预警模块：通过对客运车辆位置、速度等信息的监控，及时发现安全风险，并通过预警系统提醒相关部门和车主。

客　车　技　术　与　研　究第4期 BUS &COACH TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH No.4　2020作者简介:林晓琪(1987 ),女,硕士;工程师;主要从事客车设计研发工作㊂乘客区座椅安全带提醒系统的问题及改进林晓琪(厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司,福建厦门　361023)摘　要:介绍某客车乘客区座椅安全带提醒系统设计中存在的问题,并对系统的布线和控制提出改进方案㊂关键词:乘客区;座椅安全带;提醒系统;布线;控制中图分类号:U469.1 　文献标志码:B文章编号:1006-3331(2020)04-0048-02Problems and Improvements of Seat Belt Reminder System in Passenger AreaLIN Xiaoqi(Xiamen King Long United Automotive Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361023,China)Abstract :This paper introduces the existing problems in the design of seat belt reminder system for a coach passenger area,and proposes an improvement plan for its wiring and control.Key words :passenger area;seat belt;reminder system;wiring;control 当客车发生碰撞时,安全带是保护乘客安全最重要的装置,故有必要提醒乘客按规定佩戴安全带[1-7]㊂根据JT /T 1094 2016[8]要求: 营运客车在车内乘客易见位置应设置安全带佩戴提醒标识㊂应装备乘客安全带佩戴提醒装置,当乘客未按规定佩戴安全带时,对乘客至少应有声学信号报警”㊂本文针对某客车乘客区安全带提醒系统在实际使用中出现的问题提出改进方案㊂1　系统的组成及其问题该安全带提醒系统主要由供电电器盒㊁电源控制开关㊁安全带报警器㊁安全带带扣锁㊁电线束等组成㊂其工作方式为驾驶员通过仪表台面板上的电源控制开关控制安全带报警器的工作状态:当电源控制开关开启后,乘客未落座且安全带带扣锁未被插上时,乘客座椅旁安全带报警器上的红色报警图标闪烁并伴随蜂鸣声;若乘客落座并系好安全带㊁插上安全带带扣锁后,乘客座椅旁安全带报警器上的红色报警图标熄灭,蜂鸣器停止蜂鸣;当电源控制开关关闭后,所有安全带报警器均停止工作㊂车间实际装车过程发现该系统出现过以下问题:①安全带报警器电源线容易断路,且工人检修难度大;②供电电器盒上的电源保险丝容易烧断,部分电源线束容易烧蚀,整车安全带报警器不工作㊂故有必要对此进行改进,避免此类问题再次发生㊂2　系统的改进2.1　布线方式改进经排查发现,安全带报警器电源线断路为工人安装车辆内饰件时,螺钉打穿了PVC 板内的线束所致㊂其根本原因是电源线采用隐藏式布置在车辆侧壁PVC 板内部,仅在安全带报警器安装位置旁的PVC 板上打孔将对应电源线拉出,如图1所示㊂图1　PVC 板内隐藏式走线方案为解决上述问题,考虑设计一种非隐藏式布线方案㊂初步设想在车辆侧围座椅型材上方或者下方加装塑料材质或者铝合金材质布线槽,但此方案集成化程度低,实际安装效果美观性较差且工时损耗大㊂在此思路基础上,为提高集成化设计水平,增强整车设计美观性,并方便工人布线,开发一款新型座椅侧型材,如图2所示㊂座椅侧型材自带PVC 板插槽,根据84安全带报警器电源线线径,并考虑其他配置需求(如座椅USB 设备等线束预留空间)的情况下,确定插槽尺寸为31mm×9.5mm 可满足使用需求㊂在PVC 板插槽下部空间设计软边布线槽,布线槽自带线槽装饰条,可根据不同座椅布置灵活裁剪线槽装饰条,确定好安全带报警器电源线出线点位置,将电源分支引出㊂经实车装配验证,此改进可避免电线束被误打穿风险,美观性强,安装便捷且检修方便㊂实车装配如图3所示㊂ (a)原侧型材及安装结构 (b)新型侧型材及安装结构图2　新老座椅侧型材对比图图3　集成式布线槽安装效果图2.2　控制方式改进出现供电电器盒上的电源保险丝烧断,部分电源线束烧蚀,整车安全带报警器不工作的问题,初步怀疑是整车安全带报警器数量多㊁总电流过大导致㊂实车测量后发现,采用的保险丝和线束线径均满足条件,排除此因素㊂进一步判定此故障应由线路短路引起,排查线路回路各个环节,发现故障点为某座椅安全带带扣锁内部锁片对地短接,导致线路回路经带扣锁后直接接地短路,造成电源线束和保险丝被烧坏㊂此问题虽属带扣锁产品本身的质量问题,但其后果造成整车安全带报警器都不工作,且不易排查具体问题座位,给工人检修带来困扰㊂为解决这一问题,对安全带提醒系统的电气原理进行改进㊂改进前后的电气原理如图4所示,将安全带带扣锁接线改至安全带报警控制器后端,若再遇到安全带带扣锁内部锁片对地短接的产品质量问题,将不会再烧坏线束和保险丝;如果安全带带扣锁没有质量问题,其座位安全带报警器可正常工作㊂如果装配到有质量问题的带扣锁,其安全带带扣锁插上后,相应座位上的安全带报警器会出现图标常亮并伴随蜂鸣现象,由此可快速找出有问题的座位并更换上合格带扣锁产品㊂ (a)改进前 (b)改进后图4　改进前后电气原理对比图通过实车验证,此改进能有效防止电路短路时线束和保险丝被损坏,有效避免火灾风险,同时提高了工人检修的时效性㊂3　结束语针对某安全带提醒系统在实际使用中出现的问题,设计一款新型集成式布线槽以优化系统电源布线,并对其电气原理进行改进,可有效避免设备故障㊂参考文献:[1]王孝伟.吉林省高速公路安全评价方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.[2]钟志华,张维刚,曹立波.汽车碰撞安全技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:4-5.[3]姜立标,赵桂范.现代汽车最新安全控制装置构造与检修实务[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2003:10-20.[4]葛如海,刘志强,陈晓东.汽车安全工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:199-216.[5]吴德旭,张晓龙,王延昭.中国乘用车安全带提醒装置效果研究[J].北京汽车,2006(2):5-8.[6]秦勤,余可杏.汽车安全带的作用及其原理浅析[J].时代汽车,2016(11):79-80.[7]全国汽车标准化技术委员会.汽车安全带提醒装置:GB /T 24551 2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010:1-2:[8]全国汽车标准化技术委员会客车分技术委员会.营运客车安全技术条件:JT /T 1094 2016[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2017:5.收稿日期:2020-01-1594　第4期 林晓琪:乘客区座椅安全带提醒系统的问题及改进。

两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案利用R F I D无线通信技术，安装方便，三年更换电池！两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案应用背景2017年4月1日起，根据《营运客车安全技术条件》（JT/T 1094-2016）规定，营运客车在车内乘客易见位置应设置安全带佩戴提醒标识。

应装备乘客安全带佩戴提醒装置，当乘客未按规定佩戴安全带时，对乘客至少应有声学信号报警。

两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案两客一危两客一危，是指从事旅游的包车、三类以上班线客车和运输危险化学品、烟花爆竹、民用爆炸物品的道路专用车辆。

对于不符合规定的车辆，工业和信息化部不予上车辆产品公告，不予核发道路运输证。

两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案一盔一带2020年4月，“一盔一带”安全守护行动在全国各地开展。

行动期间，公安交管部门将加强执法管理，依法查纠摩托车、电动自行车骑乘人员不佩戴安全头盔、汽车驾乘人员不使用安全带行为，养成安全习惯。

两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案4.7.4营运客车在车内乘客易见位置应设置安全带佩戴提醒标识。

应装备乘客安全带佩戴提醒装置，当乘客未按规定佩戴安全带时，对乘客至少应有声学信号报警。

行业标准两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案应用拓扑两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案一体机◼通信频段：Sub-1G◼接收距离：60米◼供电方式：9V~36VDC◼数据上传：4G全网通◼音频输出：连接车上音箱◼安装方式：隐藏式安装，轧带或螺丝固定◼主体尺寸：125mm×80mm×32mm两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案座椅终端◼通信频段：Sub-1G◼通信距离：60米◼供电方式：电池供电◼供电电压：3.6V◼电池寿命：3年以上◼安装方式：轧带绑定或螺丝安装◼引线长度：600mm◼外观尺寸：83mm×57mm×34mm两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案◼操作系统：Android5.1◼屏幕尺寸：7寸IPS 屏◼分辨率：1280*720◼续航时间：12小时左右◼外观尺寸：245mm ×130mm◼操作温度：-20℃~50℃◼存储温度：-20℃~70℃◼防护等级：IP65手持PDA两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案软件系统两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案软件系统两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案成功案例两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案产品资质6个发明专利，16个实用新型及外观专利，15个软件著作权…ISO9001、14001、28001中国赛宝实验室01020305产品资质国家公安部认证04频段及辐射检测让世界变得更安全、更智能、更美好！两客一危(一盔一带)安全带提醒系统解决方案。

客运公司客车GPS系统使用管理制度为充分发挥GPS系统的作用，加强营运车辆的运营安全管理，提高运输服务质量、运营效益和安全管理水平，制定本制度：一、管理机构及职责为加强对营运车辆安全运营过程的监控管理，成立全球卫星系统（GPS）管理领导小组：由张纪宁任组长，李传辉、李卫东、赵凯任副组长，杨建忠、杨凤勇、赵军华、罗守龙、刘大勇、邢尊民为成员。

领导小组主要职责：1、负责集团公司有关《营运车辆GPS运营安全监控管理办法》的执行和组织落实，根据客运公司实际，组织制订和不断完善《客运公司GPS系统使用管理制度》和工作计划。

2、组织检查营运车辆安全运行监控管理，研究处理GPS系统使用管理过程中出现的问题。

3、监督考核各部门（监控中心）对GPS管理制度的落实情况，对监控过程中发现的车辆违规情况做出处理，制定整改措施。

二、监控中心及职责建立GPS监控中心，监控中心分别设在安全科、公营车队和营调科。

各中心主要职责：（一）安全科GPS系统管理职责1、安全科由科长、外勤和稽查人员具体负责，分管领导监督考核。

2、负责GPS系统的日常检查与维护，确保该系统的正常运行和GPS信号的正常传递。

3、制定营运车辆GPS运营、安全监控工作计划。

4、负责全部营运车辆的运营、安全监督管理。

对营运车辆的运行安全情况进行实时监控，对重点抽查车辆进行轨迹回放查询，对超速行驶、疲劳驾驶的车辆和人员及时进行记录，及时发出信息，令其立即改正，并按照《GPS终端维护及违规处理规定》提出处理意见。

5、负责车辆相关信息的采集和汇总上报。

6、建立GPS设备登记台帐、设备更换台账、跟踪及处理记录、维修记录等。

7、对所有终端使用人员、维护人员进行教育和培训，使其熟练掌握使用操作技术和简易维修技术。

8、组织维护人员定期对车载终端进行检查和维护，确保信号的正常传递。

发现无信息的车辆设备要及时查清原因进行修复，无法修复时应及时向集团公司车安处汇报。

因承包人的原因未按规定期限修复时，要按照本制度的有关规定及时采取措施并向有关领导汇报。

Supplemental Restraint SystemYour car is equipped with a Supple-mental Restraint System (SRS) to help protect the head and chest of the driver and front seat passenger during a severe frontal collision.This system does not replace your seat belts. It supplements, or adds to, the protection offered by seat belts and other occupant protection features.SRS ComponentsYour supplemental restraint systemincludes:One airbag in the steering wheel for the driver and another in the dashboard for the passenger.Sensors that can detect a severe frontal collision.A sophisticated electronic system that continually monitors the sensors, control unit, airbag activators, and all related wiring when the ignition is ON (II).An indicator light on the instru-ment panel to alert you to a possi-ble problem with the system.Emergency backup power in case your car's electrical system is disconnected in a crash.What Happens In a Crash If you ever have a severe frontal collision, the sensors will detect rapid deceleration and signal the control unit to instantly inflate the airbags.During a crash, your seat belts will help to restrain your lower body and torso. The airbags will provide a cushion to absorb crash energy and help keep the head and chest of the driver and front passenger from striking the interior of the car.After inflating, the airbags will immediately deflate. The entireprocess, from detection to deflation,takes a fraction of a second. This process occurs so quickly that you may not hear the loud noise created by the airbag inflators, or realize what has happened.Driver and Passenger SafetySupplemental Restraint SystemAfter the crash, you may see what looks like smoke. This is actually powder from the airbag's surface.People with respiratory problems may experience some temporary discomfort from the chemicals used by the airbag's activators.Important Facts About Airbags Airbags inflate only when needed; in a severe frontal collision. A severe collision would be similar to a crash into a parked vehicle of similar size at 25 mph (40 km/h). Airbags will not inflate in a moderate frontal collision, or during a rear impact,side impact, or rollover — even if the impact is severe.Airbags inflate and deflate only once.They cannot protect you during any additional impacts that can occur during a crash sequence.Injuries, including fatal injuries, can occur in a severe collision, even if seat belts are worn properly and the airbags inflate. No safety system can provide complete protection in a severe crash.Just from viewing the vehicle damage after a crash, it is very difficult to accurately determine if the airbags should or should not have inflated. In some cases where the airbag did not inflate, extensive visible damage indicated that the car absorbed much of the crash energy,and the airbags were not needed. In other cases, a severe jolt, such as an impact to the undercarriage, may not cause extensive body damage but cause the airbags to inflate.Driver and Passenger SafetyFrontal collision rangeSupplemental Restraint SystemHow the Driver's Airbag WorksIf you ever have a severe frontal collision, your airbag will instantly inflate to help protect your head and chest.To do its job, the airbag inflates with considerable force. So, while it can reduce serious injuries and even save your life, the airbag might cause some facial abrasions or otherinjuries. To reduce the possibility of injury, you should always sit back as far from the steering wheel as is practical while still maintaining full vehicle control.After the bag completely inflates, it immediately starts deflating so it won't interfere with your visibility,ability to steer, or ability to operate other controls. The total time for inflation and deflation takes a fraction of a second. You may not even be aware that the airbag has been fully inflated.Driver and Passenger SafetySupplemental Restraint SystemThe driver's airbag is stored in the center of the steering wheel. For your safety, do not attach any items to the steering wheel. They could interfere with the proper operation of the airbag. Or, if the airbag inflates, they could be propelled inside the car and hurt someone.How the Passenger's Airbag WorksIf you ever have a severe frontal collision, the passenger's airbag will inflate at the same time as the driver's airbag.This airbag is quite large and inflates with considerable force. It canseriously hurt a front seat passenger who is not in the proper position and wearing the seat belt properly. Front seat passengers should move the seat as far back as practical and sit well back in the seat.We strongly recommend that you do not put an infant seat in the front passenger's seat. If the airbaginflates, it can hit the infant seat with great force. The infant seat can be dislodged or struck with enough force to cause very serious injury to the infant.If a toddler seat is used in the front passenger's seat, the vehicle seat should be moved as far back as possible. If the passenger's bag inflates, it could seriously hurt a toddler who is not in the proper position or properly restrained.Driver and Passenger SafetyCONTINUEDSupplemental Restraint SystemThe passenger's airbag is stored near the top of the dashboard, under a lid marked SRS. Do not place any objects on top of this lid. If the airbag inflates, those objects can bepropelled inside the car and possibly hurt someone.How the SRS IndicatorLight WorksThe purpose of the SRS light on your instrument panel is to alert you of a potential problem with your supple-mental restraint system.Have the system checked if:The light does not come on whenyou turn the ignition ON (II).The light stays on after the enginestarts.The light comes on or flashes while you are driving.If you see any of these indications,the airbag may not work whenneeded in an accident. Take the car to your dealer promptly for diagnosis and service.System ServiceYour supplemental restraint system is virtually maintenance-free. There are no parts you can safely service.You must have the system serviced by an authorized Honda dealer:If your airbags ever inflate, the airbags and control unit must be replaced. Do not try to remove or discard the airbags by yourself.This must be done by a Honda dealer.If the SRS indicator light alerts you of a problem. Have the supplemental restraint system checked as soon as possible.Otherwise, your airbags might not inflate when you need them.When the car is ten years old.Have the dealer inspect thesystem. The production date is on the driver's doorjamb for your convenience.Driver and Passenger SafetyS RSSystem Service Precautions Do not modify your steering wheel or any other part of the supplementalrestraint system. Modifications could make the system ineffective.Do not tamper with the system's components or wiring. This could cause the airbags to inflate inadver-tently, possibly injuring someone very seriously.Tell anyone who works on your car that you have a supplementalrestraint system. Failure to follow the procedures and precautions in the official Honda service manual could result in personal injury or damage to the system.Scrapping an entire car that has an uninflated airbag can be dangerous.Get assistance from a Honda dealer if your car must be scrapped.If you sell your car, please be sure to tell the new owner that the car has a supplemental restraint system. Alert them to the information and precau-tions in this part of the owner's manual.Driver and Passenger Safety。

客运车辆安全带使用承诺书作为客运车辆驾驶员，我深知安全带对于乘客和驾驶员本人的生命安全的重要性。

在此，我郑重承诺，将严格遵守国家相关法律法规，确保客运车辆安全带的正确使用，保障乘客和自身的生命财产安全。

一、严格遵守国家法律法规我将严格遵守《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》、《道路旅客运输及客运站管理规定》等有关法律法规，全面执行客运车辆安全带的使用规定，切实保障乘客和驾驶员的生命安全。

二、加强安全带的宣传和提醒在行车过程中，我将积极向乘客宣传安全带的重要性，提醒并确保乘客在行驶过程中全程正确佩戴安全带。

对于不配合的乘客，我将耐心解释，直至其正确佩戴安全带。

三、定期检查安全带设备我将定期检查车辆安全带设备，确保安全带完好无损、易于使用。

一旦发现安全带存在问题，我将立即上报并尽快修复，确保安全带在行车过程中始终处于良好的工作状态。

四、提高自身安全意识作为一名客运车辆驾驶员，我将不断提高自身安全意识，自觉养成正确使用安全带的良好习惯。

在行车过程中，我将始终带头正确佩戴安全带，并以身作则，引导乘客共同遵守安全规定。

五、关爱乘客生命安全我将始终将乘客的生命安全放在首位，全心全意为乘客提供安全、舒适的乘车环境。

通过全面加强安全带的使用，切实降低交通事故风险，保护乘客的生命安全。

六、积极参与安全培训和教育我将积极参加企业组织的安全培训和教育，不断提高自己的安全驾驶技能和安全意识。

在行车过程中，我将时刻保持警惕，严格遵守交通规则，确保行车安全。

在此，我再次郑重承诺，作为一名客运车辆驾驶员，我将严格遵守国家相关法律法规，确保客运车辆安全带的正确使用，为乘客和自身的生命财产安全保驾护航。

同时，我也呼吁广大驾驶员和乘客共同遵守安全规定，共同营造安全、有序的道路交通环境。

承诺人：（签名）承诺时间：年月日。

Additional Information About Your Seat BeltsSeat Belt System Components Your seat belt system includes lap/shoulder belts in all five seating positions.The seat belt system also includes a light on theinstrument panel to remind you and your passengers to fasten your belts.If the driver's seat belt is notfastened before the ignition is turned ON (II), the light will come on and a beeper will also sound. The beeper will stop after a few seconds, but the light will stay on until the driver's seat belt is fastened.Lap/Shoulder BeltThis seat belt has a single belt that goes over your shoulder, across your chest and across your hips.To fasten the belt, insert the latch plate into the buckle, then tug on the belt to make sure the buckle is latched.To unlock the belt, push the red PRESS button on the buckle.Guide the belt across your body to the door pillar. After exiting the car,be sure the belt is out of the way and will not get closed in the door.All seat belts have an emergency locking retractor. In normal driving,the retractor lets you move freely in your seat while it keeps sometension on the belt. During a collision or sudden stop, the retractorautomatically locks the belt to help restrain your body.The seat belts in all seating positions except the driver's have an additional locking mechanism that must be activated to secure a child seat. (See pages 31 and 35 for instructions on how to secure child seats with this type of seat belt.)Additional Information About Your Seat BeltsIf the shoulder part of the belt is pulled all the way out, the locking mechanism will activate. The belt will retract, but it will not allow the passenger to move freely.To deactivate the lockingmechanism, unlatch the buckle and let the seat belt fully retract. To refasten the belt, pull it out only as far as needed.See page 16 for instructions on how to wear the lap/shoulder belt properly.Automatic Seat Belt TensionersFor added protection, the front seat belts are equipped with automatic seat belt tensioners. When activated,the tensioners immediately tighten the belts to help hold the driver and a front passenger in place.The tensioners are designed toactivate primarily in frontal collisions.The tensioners are independent of the airbag system, so they can be activated during a collision that might not cause the airbags to deploy. In this case, the airbags would not be needed but theadditional seat belt tension can be helpful.The tensioners will be activated in a collision severe enough to cause the front airbags to inflate.CONTINUEDAdditional Information About Your Seat BeltsWhen the tensioners are activated,the seat belts will remain tight until they are unbuckled in the normal way.The SRS indicator light will come on if there is aproblem with your automatic seat belt tensioners (see page 51).Seat Belt MaintenanceFor safety, you should check thecondition of your seat belts regularly.Pull each belt out fully and look for frays, cuts, burns, and wear. Check that the latches work smoothly and that the lap/shoulder belts retract easily. Any belt not in good condition or not working properly will not provide good protection and should be replaced as soon as possible.U.S. ModelsHonda provides a lifetime warranty on seat belts. Honda will repair or replace any seat belt component that fails to function properly during normal use. Please see your Honda Warranty Information booklet for details.Driver and Passenger SafetySR SAdditional Information About Your Seat BeltsIf a seat belt is worn during a crash,you should have your dealer inspectthe belt, and replace it if necessary.A belt that has been worn during acrash may not provide the same levelof protection in a subsequent crash.The dealer should also inspect theanchors for damage and replacethem if needed.Automatic seat belt tensioners thatdeployed during a crash must bereplaced.For information on how to clean yourseat belts, see page 257.Driver and Passenger Safety。

大型客车座位安全带自动提醒系统的设计檀业健;江松柏【摘要】研究了客车座位安全带提醒的设计.安全带自动提醒主要由座位乘客检测模块、LED显示模块、语音模块组成.利用单片机对大型客车座位安全带自动提醒系统仿真,实现其自动提醒.通过LED显示没扣安全带座位号,并实现语音自动提醒.【期刊名称】《机电工程技术》【年(卷),期】2017(046)003【总页数】2页(P78-79)【关键词】安全带自动提醒;单片机;语音提醒【作者】檀业健;江松柏【作者单位】河源技师学院,广东河源 517000;河源技师学院,广东河源 517000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP273随着我国社会经济快速发展，人们出行次数越来越多，但在客车上安全的却易被忽略。

大多数客人在车高速行驶过程中没有扣上安全带，在我国交通事故中大多数受伤是因为二次撞击而起。

通过乘务人员提醒扣上了，但扣了不长时间就解开了，加大了乘务人员的工作量。

为了更好地让乘客自确扣上安全带，现设计一个安全带自动提醒系统。

通过传感器检测后，给单片机控制器传送信号判断是否有乘客。

单片机控制语音提示、文字显示自动提醒乘客扣安全带。

在客车座位上安装了热敏传感器，当有人在座位上坐下时，人体的热量通过一定时间给传感器产生一个信号确定有人在座位上坐下了，如果安全带扣上时给控制器发出一个信号，座位上有人并扣好安全带，控制器不发出提醒信号。

如果安全带没扣上时给控制器发出一个信号，表明座位上有人没有扣安全带，控制器显示出几号座位没扣安全带并发出语音提醒。

针对大型客车安全带使用情况，安全带提醒功能设计。

（1）座位有人检测方案一：通过在座位上安装位置压力开关，如图1当有客人在座位上时，开关断开，当没有客人在座位上时开关接通。

给控制器判断是否有客人在座位上。

接口简单，使数据传输和处理简单化，使总体硬件设计更简洁，能有效地降低成本，但稳定性差。

方案二：通过在座位上安装热敏传器（如图2），当有客人在座位上时，通过热敏元器件对人体热量的检测转为电信号，给控制器判断是否有客人在座位上，稳定性较好。