高中英语巩固练习 情态动词ought to教案

情态动词should/ought to的用法距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附靠前30天复习方法。

☞重/难点重点：情态动词should/ought to的基本用法。

难点：在语言实践中正确运用情态动词should/ought to的用法。

☤重/难点分析重点分析：情态动词should可以译为“应该”，表示责任和义务以及主观上合乎逻辑的推测；也可以表示“居然，竟然”。

should可以用于倒装，置于主语前面而省略if。

在表示命令、请求、建议、要求、推荐等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”，should可以省略。

在句型“It’s + adj.+ that…”中，that从句中常常用“should+动词原形”。

表示“本该做而未做”用should have done；表示“本不该做而做了”用shouldn’t have done。

情态动词ought to编稿：张桂琴审稿：梁晓概念引入Such things ought not to be allowed. 这类事不该容许。

He said I ought to write an article about it. 他说我应当写一篇文章谈这事。

I ought to be fit for work next month. 下个月我想必可以工作了。

I don’t think you ought to have done that. 我想你不应该这样做的。

语法讲解ought to的用法讲解ought to是一个比较奇怪的情态动词，因为其他所有情态动词都后接动词原形，而ought to 虽然也是后接动词原形，但却无意中构成了ought to do sth结构，其中的to do sth.便是一个典型的带to不定式，并且ought to do sth在用法上也是基本上将ought与to do sth分开使用——如构成疑问句，只需将ought提前，而不是将ought to提前；构成否定式时，是在ought后面加上not，而不是在ought to的后面加not。

如：Ought I to tell her the truth? 我应该把真实的情形告诉她吗？We ought to be careful，oughtn’t we?我们应该小心，对吧?Oughtn’t he to see a doctor?他是不是该去看医生?You oughtn’t to stay out so late.你不应当在外面待到这样晚。

在美国英语中，ought to用于否定句和疑问句时可将其中的to省略。

如：Ought we (to) have done it? 我们本该做此事吗?但是，肯定句中的to通常是不会省略。

另外，在简略答语中，有时也可以省去to。

如：—Ought he to go with us? 他应该同我们一起去吗?—Yes, he ought (to). 对，应该一起去。

课题Language:Modal verbs: should & ought to教学目标1.区分、理解并掌握should和ought to的用法。

2.能恰当使用should和ought to 表达自己的意见和看法。

重点难点考点重点：区分should和ought to难点：ought to的否定式not 的位置; should 和ought to 的使用情境考点：should 和ought to 的使用情境教学基本内容、知识大纲1.When do we use ‘should’or ‘ought to’?2.should/ ought to + Vo3.should表劝告、建议之意，强调主观看法，语气较委婉，即“按我的想法该……”ought to 语气强于should，强调“有责任、义务或按道理应该……”4.The forms for different kinds of sentences:Positive: S + should/ ought to + do sth.Negative: S + should + not + do sth.S + ought + not + to do sth.Question: Should + S + do…?Ought + S + to do…?作业布置教师反馈知识掌握（30%）①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩总得分满分100教师签名能力培养（40%）①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩分思想态度（30%）①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩本次课总体评价学生自评本次课收获和自我感受（对应分值上打ⅴ）①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩学生签名Step One Reviewing the modal verbs by circling the modal verbs in each sentence as follows:1.Some people can live without meat.2.May I use the phone please, Mr. White?3.Could you tell me something about the book?4.You must not smoke here.5.What flavor would you like, chocolate or strawberry?6.We should put rubbish in the bin.7.She shouldn’t discuss it.8.Should we discuss it now? / Ought we to discuss it now?-- Yes, we should/ ought to.-- No, we shouldn’t/ ought not to.9.The students ought not to sleep in the class.10.Tom ought to hand in his homework on time.Step Two Leading in to teach the student the usage of ‘should’ and ‘ought to’ by explaining the above sentences from 6 to 10.1. There are three questions for the student to summarize the structure of should/ ought to + Vo (the verbs do not change their form after modal verbs ) as follows:●When do we use ‘should’ or ‘ought to’?●How to use them?●What’s the difference between ‘should’ and ‘ought to’?2. Tell the student the answers for the third question which is we can use the modal verbs should andought to to say what is best or right to do. Should and ought to are similar in meaning. But the voice of ought to is stronger than should with the meaning of doing something for responsibility or obligation.3. A task for consolidating the difference as follow:Task oneJoyce and Ben are talking about the newspaper. Complete their conversation with the words as follows: ought to discuss / shouldn’t start / should choose / ought to elect / should buyBEN We need a sports editor.JOYCE Then we (1) _____________ one right away.BEN We also need a title for the paper.JOYCE Then we (2) _____________ one as soon as possible.BEN Also, we need batteries for our recorder.JOYCE Then we (3) ______________ some.BEN Finally, should we start to publish next week?JOYCE We ____________ that with the others first. Perhaps we (5) _________ until next term.4. Telling the student the structures of different kinds of sentence after explaining Task one.Positive: S + should/ ought to + do sth.Negative: S + should + not + do sth.S + ought + not + to do sth.Question: Should + S + do…?Ought + S + to do…?Step Three Practice and consolidationThere are some tasks for practicing the structures of ought to and should and they will help the student to better understand and grasp the language point.Task two句型转换a)We should take good care of the young tree. (改为一般疑问句)________ we _______ good care of the young trees?b)You ought to turn off the lights when you leave the room. (改为一般疑问句)_______ I ______ ______ off the lights when I leave the room?c)You ought to put your bike under the tree. (改为否定句)You ______ ______ ______ ______ your bike under the tree.d)The child should drink some orange juice. (改为否定句)The child ______ ______ ______ orange juice.e)They should arrive at the station before 7 o’clock. (就划线部分提问)______ ______ ______ ______ at the station?Asking student to pay attention to the changes in Q4 when the word ‘some’puts into a negativesentence to assure the accuracy.Task three Multiple choices 选择题小测（共20小题，每小题5分，总分100分）1.( ) We ______ help the people in need.A. canB. ought toC. shouldD. could2.( ) One ______ cross the street against the red light.A. ought notB. ought to notC. shouldn’t toD. oughtn’t to3.( ) I missed the train. You ______ me that the timetable had changed.A. should to tellB. should have toldC. ought have to tellD. ought have told4.( ) We ______ throw the rubbish into the bin.A. shouldB. ought toC. mayD. would5.( ) Parents ______ raise their children until they are 18.A. shouldB. ought toC. mayD. would6.( ) They ______ discuss it now.A. ought to notB. not ought toC. don’t ought toD. ought not to7.( ) ______ he ______ his parents about this problem?A. Should, listensB. Ought, listens toC. Should, listen toD. Ought, listen to8.( ) He ______ here on time.A. should cameB. should comeC. should comesD. should coming9.( ) You ______ buy the ticket before getting on the train.A. oughtB. shouldC. mustn’tD. can’t10.( ) To protect our eyes, we ______ keep enough distance from books when we read them.A. shouldn’tB. ought notC. ought not toD. ought to11.( ) Tom ______ say sorry to Tracy because he broke her bike.A. shouldB. shouldC. mustn’tD. can’t12.( ) He said such a thing ______ be allowed happen.A. oughtn’t toB. might notC. may notD. needn’t13.( ) – Ought we to clean the classroom now?-- Yes, we ______.A. oughtB. shouldC. mustD. can根据要求改写句子a)You should do your homework carefully. (用ought to 改为同义句)_______________________________________________________________________b)Tom should look after his little sister. (改为一般疑问句)_______________________________________________________________________c)They ought to help their parents do the housework. (改为一般疑问句)________________________________________________________________________d)I ought to buy a new bike. (改为否定句)________________________________________________________________________e)Lucy should get to school on time. (根据划线部分提问)________________________________________________________________________f)Should we eat a lot of junk food? (作否定回答)_________________________________________________________________________g)I have to finish my homework before going to bed. (改为否定句)_________________________________________________________________________Step Four Homework八年级上册单词与短语Unit 1：term n. 学期publish v. 出版；发行elect v. 选举；推选chief adj. 主要的；首席的editor n. 编辑suggest v. 建议；提议experience n. 经验；经历vote v. 投票；选举secretary n. 秘书responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的section n. 部分；项list n. 清单；目录free adj. 免费的pay v. 付费；付酬consider v. 考虑conclude v. 结束；下结论fan n. 迷；狂热爱好者；风扇library n. 图书馆mayor n. 市长；镇长march v. 齐步走；行进（ March n. 三月）circle n. 圈；圆形air n. 天空；空中activity n. 活动stall n. 摊位jar n. 罐子instrument n. 器械；仪器equipment n. 设备；装备include v. 包括band n. 乐队congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜speech n. 演说；发言nervous adj. 紧张的confidence n. 自信心fashion n. 时尚；流行teenage adj. 青少年的design n. 设计feature n（报纸、电视等的）特写；专题节目present adj. 现在的；目前的member n. 成员committee n.委员会edition n. （报纸；杂志的）一期pleased adj. 高兴的clinic n. 诊所return v. 归还；返回break n. 课间休息；暂停department n. 部门lonely adj. 孤单的ever adv. 从来；在任何时候polite adj. 有礼貌的短语：take charge of= be in charge of 主管；掌管vote for / against 投票赞成；投票否决take notes 做记录；做笔记be responsible for 负责；有责任talk … over 详谈某事make a list of 把……列成清单be free for sb. 对(某人)免费pay for 付费(买…)make a decision about…对……作出决定in one week’s time 一周后a copy of 一份for free 免费的from the air 从空中of one’s own 某人自己的have the habit of (doing sth) 有……的习惯try one’s best to do sth 尽力做某事try to do sth 尽力做某事believe in oneself 相信自己once a week 每周一次be pleased with 对…满意keep fit 保持健康have a high fever 发高烧at break 课间休息时not a bit = not at all 一点儿都不get on well (with sb) (和某人)相处好for this reason因为这样Unit 2：detective n. 侦探；警探innocent adj. 清白的；无罪的guilty adj. 有过失的；有罪责的recent adj. 进来的；新近的case n. 侦查的案情；调查的案件vase n. 花瓶；装饰瓶clue n. 线索迹象pearl n. 珍珠earring n. 耳环；耳饰mud n. 泥；泥浆carpet n. 地毯deny v. 否认；否定notice v. 注意到necklace n. 项链proof n. 证据；证明admit v. 承认check v. 察看；核实suspect n. 嫌疑犯；可疑对象mean v. 意味着；insurance n. 保险jail n. 监狱empty adj. 空的rather adv. 很；非常telephone box n. 公用电话亭invite v. 邀请jacket n. 夹克衫；短上衣crime n. 犯罪refuse n. 拒绝experience n. 试验；spell v. 拼写ticket n. 票trainer n. 运动鞋；（平时穿的）便鞋jeans n. 牛仔裤belt n. 腰带；皮带doorway n. 出入口；门口bump v. 碰；撞enter v. 进入；进来centre n. 中心manager n. 经理clerk n.职员search v . 搜查；搜寻print v. 打印；印刷death n. 死亡enemy n. 敌人appear v. 看来；好像mark v. 迹象；污迹murder n. 谋杀；杀手短语：be the same… as…和…同样的…no longer/more=not…any longer/more不再break into强行闯入go to jail/ prison进监狱instead of= in place of代替…而不是behind bars =in jail/ prison坐牢by underground乘地铁（比较：at the underground station在地铁站）at the front of在…的前部（比较：at the back of 在…的后部）go in 进入室内refuse to do sth拒绝做某事bump into sb/sth 碰撞到某人/某物take away带走,拿走get away(from) 逃离;脱身at the time of在…期间say goodnight to sb向某人道晚安knock at敲击break…down打倒(或砸破)from a distance从远方in addition to=besides除…以外，还kill oneself自杀lose money输钱;亏损succeed in doing sth成功做了某事be angry with sb生某人的气be angry about sth 因某事而生气invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某Unit 3：hardly adv. 几乎不；几乎没有unaware adj. 不知道；未察觉dependent adj. 依靠的；受……影响type n. 打字；键入diagram n. 图表；示意图operate v. 操作；使运行railway n. 铁路；铁道fly v. 驾驶；操纵judge n. 法官；审判raise v. 引起；使出现instruction n. 指示；命令program n. 程序；指令essential adj. 必不可少的；及其重要的mistake n. 错误CD-ROM n. 只读光盘DVD-ROM n. 数字只读光盘drive n. 驱动器hold v. 容纳；包含video n. 录像；录像带ballpiont n. 圆珠笔keyboard n. 键盘supply n. 供应；供给company n. 公司reference n. 标识；编号product n. 产品quantity n. 数量；数额price n. 价格medium adj. 中等的grand total n. 总数；总额height n. 高度weight n. 重量stair n. 台阶touch v. 触摸smile v. 微笑else adv. 其他的；别的disagree v. 不同意average adj. 平均的；一般的roof n. 车顶；屋顶radio-controlled adj. 无线电遥控的salesman n. 售货员；推销员internet n. （国际）互联网research n. 研究；调查link v. 连接share v. 共享；共有wide adj. 广泛的；宽阔的service n. 服务的instant adj. 立刻的；速食的message n. 消息；信息短语：be short of 短缺be unaware of 没意识到；不知道be dependent on 依靠；依赖more importantly更重要的是…for the time being = at present 暂时,目前have great understanding of对……有很深的了解make mistakes/a mistake犯错not…but…不是……而是……leave sth/sb alone让某物/某人单独留下be made of用……做成(看得出原材料)be made from用……做成（看不出原材料）last for 持续in one’s opinion在某人看来prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth比起…更喜欢…a research team 一个研究小组have the idea of…有…的想法link…together 把…连接起来communicate with 与…沟通；交流on the internet 在因特网上Unit 4：guard n. 卫兵；看守plain n. 平原capture v. 用武力夺取；攻占main adj. 主要的；最重要的pull v. 拉；拽order v. 命令drag v.（使劲而吃力地）拖；拉rope n. 绳子citizen n. 公民；市民celebrate v. 庆祝；庆贺stupid adj. 愚蠢的；糊涂的square n. 广场seize v. 抓住；捉住prisoner n. 囚犯；犯人fight v. 战斗；竞争succeed v. 成功；达到目的trick n. 诡计；把戏crown-maker n. 制造皇冠的人kingdom n. 王国slave n. 奴隶object n. 物体；东西displace v. 取代；替代palace n. 皇宫kilogram n. 千克；公斤silver n. 银器；银ancient adj. 古代的respect n. 尊敬god n. 神pray v. 祷告；祈祷fact n. 事实marry v. 结婚punish v. 惩罚unfortunately adv. 不幸地concern v. 担心；忧虑accept v. 接受snack n. 点心；快餐；小吃pretend v. 假装historical adj. （有关）历史的fictional adj. 虚构的；小说（中）的legend n. 传说；传奇故事cartoon n. 卡通perhaps adv. 可能；也许bow n. 弓arrow n. 箭century n. 世纪；100年army n. 军队；部队boxing n. 拳击（运动）control v. 控制；掌控ruler n. 统治者marriage n. 婚姻beauty n. 美丽；美好的东西wave n. 波浪gift n. 礼物；天赋harvest n. 收获；收割bury v. 埋葬；遮盖volcano n. 火山disaster n. 灾难silent adj. 沉默的ash n. 灰烬；废墟短语：rush down 急促冲下on wheel 下面装着轮子的make jokes about （someone）开（某人）的玩笑along with…与……同样地；除……以为（还）succeed in （doing sth）办到；做成with a trick 通过一个计谋be made of 用……做的pour…into…把……倒进……send （someone）to prison把（某人）送进监狱show respect to…尊重……pray to…祈祷；祷告feel like（doing sth）想要（做某事）put in prison关进监狱take care of 照顾；照料read about 读到trade in 做……买卖；做……生意Unit 5：lay v. 下（蛋）；产（卵）fortunate adj. 幸运的creature n. 生物；动物tank n. 箱；槽satisfied adj. 满意的complaint n. 抱怨another det. 另一；不同的nap n. 小睡；打盹whisper v. 低语；小声说trunk n. 树干shape n. 形状；外形triangle n. 三角形description n. 描述regard v. 把……视为；看待since prep. 自……以后；从……以来camera n. 照相机surface n. 表面appearance n. 外表；外观similar adj. 相仿的；类似的type n. 类型；种类unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的fin n. （鱼的）鳍top n. 顶部；顶端fat adj. 肥胖的；肥的pointed adj. 尖的；有尖头的topic n. 话题prove v. 证明；表示neck n. 脖子horn n. 角；喇叭forehead n. 前额unicorn n. 独角兽land n. 土地respond v. 回答；回应disc v. 唱片；磁盘receipt n. 收据；收条apology n. 道歉bean n . 豆；菜豆bug n. 虫子sour adj. 酸的awfully adv. 很；非常local adj. 当地的；本地的event n. 发生的事情；公开的活动certain adj. 确实；肯定horrible adj. 恐怖的；讨厌的；极坏的wing n. 翅膀claw n. 爪；脚爪breathe v. 呼吸fisherman n. 渔夫net n. 网beg v. 请求；祈求offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予promise v. 承诺；答应shore n. 岸；滨terrible adj. 可怕的；非常讨厌的storm n. 暴风雨thunder n. 雷lightning n. 闪电短语：in no time立刻；马上the most beautiful creature alive 最美的活物sell out (of) 售完；卖光leave for 出发前往receive a complaint收到投诉make/have a complaint(n.) about = complain(v.) about 投诉/抱怨某事take pleasure in doing sth从做某事中得到乐趣be satisfied/pleased with 对…满意according to 根据in the shape of 呈……的形状be based on 以…为基础describe doing sth. 描述做/见过某事describe … as 把…描述成…set up 建立，安排，摆放或竖起…all one’s life 某人的一生；终生report doing sth. 报道了某事an expert on …某方面的专家except for除了…之外start off with 以…开始on the top of 在...的顶部start off 开始，出发give birth (to) 生产，使…诞生thanks for listening to感谢收听in the sixth century在六世纪millions of上百万的in the centre of在…的中央bring good luck带来好运live on land生活在陆地上disappear from Earth从地球上消失respond to sth对……作出反应get stung (by) 被…蜇到take off 脱掉，拆掉，(飞机)起飞right away = at once 马上once upon a time从前beg sb. (not) to do sth.请求某人(不)做某事offer to do sth.主动提出做某事grant one’s wish成全某人的愿望in return作为…的回报shout at冲着…大叫send … back to让…回到promise to do sth.许诺做某事apologize to sb.向某人道歉be dressed in穿着，戴着give orders to …向…发号施令go down to the shore到岸边去by now直到现在come back 回来；返回Unit 6：cormorant n. 鸬鹚still adv. 仍然；还enough adv. 足够地；相当raft n. 木排；筏push v. 推动；移动（比较pull v. 拉）require v. 需要；依靠late adj. 接近末期的；迟到tie v. （用绳、线等）系；拴swallow v. 吞下；咽下remove v. 拿开；去掉hang v. 悬挂；吊attract v. 吸引；引起……的好感rest n. 剩余部分；其余divide v. 分开；分配traditional adj. 传统的astronaut n. 宇航员；inspect v. 检查；视察orbital adj. 轨道的ability v.. 能力calmly adv. 平静地chemistry n. 化学clown n. 丑角；小丑sense n. 理解力；判断力humor n. 幽默（或humour）juggle v. 玩杂耍holiday n. 假期tax inspector n. 税务员studio n. 录音室；制作室；工作室proud adj. 骄傲的；满足的rude adj. 粗鲁的；粗野的upset adj. 难过的；沮丧的memory n. 记忆；记忆力repair v. 修理；补救mention n. 提到；说到age n. 年龄group n. 组；群build n. 体形；体格；身材commonly adv. 普遍地；共有的plump adj. 丰腴的；微胖的well built adj. 身强力壮；体格健美slim adj. 苗条的；纤细的below prep. 低于；在……下面blond（e） adj. （头发）金黄的；蜷曲状的straight adj. 直的；坦诚的bald adj. 秃顶的；秃头的beard n. （人的）胡须；络腮胡子moustache n. 上嘴唇的胡子thick adj. 浓密的；厚的international adj. 国际的laboratory n. 实验室technology n. 技术；科技apply v. 申请；请求position n. 职务；位置situation n. 情况；状况confident adj. 自信的spirit n. 精神；意志available adj. 有空的；可获得的dislike v. 不喜欢prepare v. 准备短语：be used to do sth被用于做某事have a great sense of humour有很强的幽默感make apologies道歉apologize to sb向……某人道歉break down打烂，撞到apply for （the position of…）申请（…职位）above/of/below average height高于平均身高/中等身高/低于平均身高be prepared for sth/to do sth准备好做某事an expert in （computer technology/…..）(电脑技术….)的专家laugh about 嘲笑as long as 只要be rude to 对……无礼/粗鲁pay taxes 缴税have a great sense of humour有很强的幽默感tell jokes 讲笑话make sb laugh 使某人发笑at holiday times 在休假期间be/keep free from 免于……的伤害不再no more = not…any more(数量)no longer = not…any longer(时间have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事have experience at /have the experience of…有做…的经验/经历remove…from…移开；拿开divide …between A and B在A和B之间分配/分享be available for …有空的get upset 感到难过be prepared to（do sth）准备（做某事）Unit 7consumer n. 消费者greenhouse n. 温室效应imagine v. 设想；猜测atmosphere n. 大气；大气层act v. 充当；起作用lifeless adj. 无生命的cause v. 造成；引起level n. 高度；水平flood n. 洪水；水灾soil n. 土壤；土地absorb v. 吸收；吸进reach v. 达到；实现environmentally friendly adj 环保的；不损害环境的view n. 意见；态度；景色dump v. 倾倒；丢下village n. 村庄wealthy adj. 富有的reduce v. 减少；缩小improve v. 提高public adj. 公共的transport n. 运输工具；运输overpopulation n. 人口过剩engine n. 发动机；引擎jam n. 果酱neighbourhood n. 邻近地区garage n. 车库fix v. 修理；安装litter v. 乱扔fine n. 罚款express v . 表达cola n. 可乐sandwich n. 三明治ham n. 火腿；火腿肉onion n. 洋葱pea n. 豌豆pop adj. 流行的classical adj. 古典的action n. 动作；行动director n. 主任；经理bureau n. （政府部门）局；处；科rat n. 老鼠material n. 材料；原料site n. 建筑工地；场所state n 状态；国家inform v. 告诉某人cigarette n. 香烟rubber n. 橡胶tourist n. 旅游者；游客serious adj. 严重的；严肃的vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆minibus n. 中巴cough n. 咳嗽短语：a kind of一种；某种act like…行为举止像…；表现得像….let … in/out 使…进入/出去keep/stop/prevent sb/sth from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做…in the form of…以……的形式keep in…保留……cause something to do something引起…做某事throw…away把……扔掉in order to do sth 目的是；为了做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事answer to…什么的答案give up (doing) sth. 放弃get/ go back to 回到…, 回归…have a bright future 有一个美好的未来get/ have sth. done. 让…完成/做go to prison 坐牢prefer (doing.) sth. / prefer to do. sth.宁愿做某事instead of 代替the Whites怀特一家be the same as 与…一样be different from 与…不同warm … up 热身，使…活跃起来give a reason 说明原因know of... 知道…; 熟悉…inform sb. of / about sth. 通知某人关于…take actions 采取行动deal with 处理put out 熄灭;扑灭be good/bad for对……有好处/坏处thousands of数千的；成千上万的take/have a holiday 度假as you know正如你所知道的。

高一英语必修3第2单元导学案情态动词（II）导学案4情态动词（ii）一、ought to 应该，应当其否定“ought not to” 或“oughtn’t to” (1) 用于第一人称，表有责任或有必要做某事。

we ought to be more careful with our homework. (2)用于二、三人称，表建议或劝告。

you ought tofollow your teacher’s advice. she ought not to go alone. (3) ought to+have done: 本该……i’m sorry.i ought to have told you this morning.对不起，我本该今天早上告诉你的。

二、have to / don’t have to / mustn’t (1) haveto = have got to 必须，不得不（有人称和数、时态的变化）he has to work on the farm all day . 他不得不在农场工作一整天。

（2）don’t have to 不必……you don’t have to buy a computer. (3)mustn’t禁止，不许you mustn’t sleep in class!三、need 需要，必要（既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，但用法不同）（1）作为情态动词，need 通常用于否定句和疑问句①you needn’t buy the book.. ②――need he do his homework first?――yes ,he must! (no ,he needn’t) (2) need 作为实义动词时，通常用法是： sb/sth need to do (表主动) we need to tell himthe truth. sb/sth need doing /to be done（表被。

情态动词情态动词，在英文中主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等。

它很接近中文里的能愿动词。

从用法上来说，它有这样几个特点：1）各个情态动词自身都有一定的词义。

2）情态动词不能在句中独立担当谓语。

3）情态动词在句中不受任何人称,性,数变化的影响。

4) 情态动词后接的不定式（除ought外）都不带to ，即接动词原形。

英文中的情态动词主要有：can , could ; may , might ; must ; ought ; need ; dare , dared ，另外，shall , will , should , would在一定的场合也可用作情态动词。

例如：He can speak five languages .他会说五种语言。

She must have arrived home by now .现在她准到家了。

We should study hard for our motherland . 我们应该为祖国而努力学习。

They needn't be in such a hurry for there is enough timefor them . 他们还有足够的时间，用不着这么慌张。

1. 常用情态动词的基本用法can , could 能，会（could可以看作是can的过去式，这两个词除了时态不相同外，在表达意思的许多方面是相同的。

当然could也有自己独特的用法。

）1）表示脑力或体力上的能力Nobody can stop the development of science .谁也无法阻止科学的发展。

She can sing that song in English.她能用英文唱那歌。

He can submerge to a depth of about twenty meters .他能潜入约二十米深的水中。

He could hardly support his family before he found the new job .他在找到那份新工作前几乎无法养家。

2020年河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义（038）情态动词ought to、will、would用法知识点总结整理ought to 的用法表义务。

如：ought to 可表示出于责任、义务、道义等方面的要求而该做何事。

如：Such things ought not to be allowed.这种行为是不允许的。

You ought to go to see the doctor.你该去看病。

You ought to be earning your living at your age.你这个年龄应该自食其力的。

Bruce said you ought to tell the police.布鲁斯说你应该去报警。

表可能性。

如：John ought to know how to use the machine.约翰可能知道怎么用这个机器。

There is a fine sunset. It ought to be a sunny day tomorrow.天有晚霞，明天可能是个晴天。

ought to与should的区别在很多情况下ought to 与should 两者意义相同，只是口气不同而已。

如：You shouldn't speak to your mother like that.你不应当这样和你妈妈说话。

You oughtn't to speak to your mother like that.你不应该那样和你妈妈说话。

在表示义务时，ought to和should意思相近，但它们也有一些差别，要表示因责任、义务等该做的事情时，常用ought to；在表示某件事宜于做时，多用should。

在下面的句子中这两个词不宜换用：You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应该照顾他。

We should not use too many big words in our everyday speech.在日常生活中我们不宜于用太多的大词汇。

高三英语高考语法专题复习情态动词need、dare、ought to考点总结与练习高三英语教研组整理热身练习（2024版）：1.--_______ we clean the classroom immediately?--No, you ______. You ______ clean it after school.A. Must; needn't; canB. Need; mustn't; mayC. Must; mustn't; canD. Shall; can't; may2.It's cold today. You need your coat.A. to wearB. wearC. wearsD. wore3. I wonder how he ___ that to the teacher.A.dare to sayB.dare sayingC.not dare sayD.dared say参考答案与解析：1.答案：A本题主要考查情态动词的用法。

句意：--我们必须立即打扫教室吗？--不，不必。

你可以放学后打扫它。

表“必须”，用must，故排除B/D。

用must 提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't/ don't have to, 由No可知此处为否定回答，故排除C，选A。

2.答案：Aneed作实义动词时，后接不定式作宾语，need to do sth. 需要做某事，故选A。

3. 答案：Ddare既可作实义动词，也可做情态动词。

1）作实义动词时，其后既可接to,也可不接to.2) 做情态动词，后不接to，直接接动词原形A.dare to say 有to,这时dare是实义动词，因为主语是he,那么应该有人称或时态的变化，但是dare是原形，所以排除。

B. dare saying, dare后面不管加不加to都跟动词原形，所以排除。

1. 基本掌握情态动词ought to、need等词的基本含义和用法。

2. 系统掌握情态动词用于表推测的用法和“情态动词+have done”的特殊含义。

重点：情态动词表示推测的基本用法与区别。

难点：识记并掌握“情态动词+have done”的特殊含义。

1. 情态动词是英语语言当中一个非常重要的元素，在各类文章和题型中经常出现，并且在高考语法填空和短文改错中也多有考查。

2. 情态动词的基本用法在阅读和书面表达当中也有着非常重要的影响，尤其是在写作中考生经常在情态动词用法上出错，需要引起重视。

ought to的用法By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.到了这个时候，他的餐馆本来应该是顾客盈门的。

1. ought to意为“应该，应当”，其后必须跟动词原形，只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化。

2. ought to表示推测，暗含很大的可能性；还可表示“有义务或责任做某事”，语气比较强；还可表示“建议或劝告”。

3. ought to的否定形式为ought not to或oughtn’t to，其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。

4. “ought to＋have done”结构相当于“should＋have done”结构，表示“本应该做某事而事实上并没有做”，其否定结构表示“不该做某事实际上却做了”。

①You ought to make an apology to Joan.你应该向Joan道歉。

②Jeffrey ought to be there by now.Jeffrey现在应该在那儿了。

③You ought not to / oughtn’t to be late for such an important meeting.这么重要的会议你不应该迟到的。

④Ought I to hand in my composition now?我应该现在把我的作文上交吗？⑤You are late. You ought to / should have arrived five minutes earlier.你迟到了，你本应该早五分钟到的。

Unit 2 Healthy eatingSection ⅢGrammar——情态动词(Ⅱ)[思维导图][语法精讲]一、ought to 的用法(1)表示责任和义务，意为“应该”，与 should 同义，但语气比 should 重，侧重于“责任、义务、道德、法律”等方面。

To be a popular student, we ought to be strict with ourselves.为了成为一名受欢迎的学生，我们应该对自己要求严格。

[名师点津] ought to 的否定形式为 ought not to (oughtn't to)；一般疑问句是将ought 提至句首，其否定答语通常用 doesn't/don't have to 或 needn't。

—Ought he to see the doctor?——他该去看医生吗？—Yes, he ought to./No, he doesn't have to.——是的，他该去。

/不，他不必去。

You ought not to make this kind of mistake again.你不应该再犯这种错误了。

(2)表示可能性，一般指较大的可能性，意为“按道理应该”。

If he started at six, he ought to be here now.要是他6点就出发的话，这会儿该到这里了。

二、need 的用法1．作情态动词(1)need 作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，意为“需要”。

—Need I finish the work today?—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.——我需要今天干完这活吗？——是的，必须干完。

/不用，你不必干完。

(2)needn't 意为“不必”，表示客观上不必如此。

There's plenty of time. You needn't drive so fast.时间很充足，你不必开这么快。